[c++][ci] fix `include_what_you_use` errors from cpplint (#7052)

* dev

* dev

* dev

* Update static_analysis.yml

* Update .pre-commit-config.yaml

---------
Co-authored-by: James Lamb <jaylamb20@gmail.com>

src/treelearner/linear_tree_learner.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include <Eigen/Dense>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace LightGBM {
 

src/treelearner/serial_tree_learner.cpp

@@ -10,10 +10,13 @@
 #include <LightGBM/utils/common.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
 #include <queue>
 #include <set>
+#include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "cost_effective_gradient_boosting.hpp"
 

src/treelearner/tree_learner.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  */
 #include <LightGBM/tree_learner.h>
 
+#include <string>
+
 #include "gpu_tree_learner.h"
 #include "linear_tree_learner.h"
 #include "parallel_tree_learner.h"

src/treelearner/voting_parallel_tree_learner.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
  */
 #include <LightGBM/utils/common.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <functional>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
 

tests/cpp_tests/test_array_args.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <LightGBM/utils/array_args.h>
 
 #include <random>
+#include <vector>
 
 using LightGBM::data_size_t;
 using LightGBM::score_t;

tests/cpp_tests/test_arrow.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdlib>
+#include <vector>
 
 using LightGBM::ArrowChunkedArray;
 using LightGBM::ArrowTable;

tests/cpp_tests/test_byte_buffer.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <LightGBM/utils/byte_buffer.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <random>
 
 using LightGBM::ByteBuffer;

tests/cpp_tests/test_chunked_array.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
  * Author: Alberto Ferreira
  */
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+
 #include "../include/LightGBM/utils/chunked_array.hpp"
 
 using LightGBM::ChunkedArray;

tests/cpp_tests/test_serialize.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <LightGBM/dataset.h>
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <string>
 
 using LightGBM::ByteBuffer;
 using LightGBM::Dataset;

tests/cpp_tests/test_single_row.cpp

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
 #include <testutils.h>
 #include <LightGBM/c_api.h>
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
 
 using LightGBM::TestUtils;
 

tests/cpp_tests/test_stream.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 #include <LightGBM/dataset.h>
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 using LightGBM::Dataset;
 using LightGBM::Log;

tests/cpp_tests/testutils.cpp

@@ -3,14 +3,15 @@
  * Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file in the project root for license information.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <testutils.h>
 #include <LightGBM/c_api.h>
 #include <LightGBM/utils/random.h>
 
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 #include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 using LightGBM::Log;
 using LightGBM::Random;