Port tests to pytest

Use simple asserts and pytest's powerful introspection to make testing
simpler. This merges the old .py/.ref file pairs into simple .py files
where the expected values are right next to the code being tested.

This commit does not touch the C++ part of the code and replicates the
Python tests exactly like the old .ref-file-based approach.

.appveyor.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ platform:
 - x86
 - x64
 environment:
-  CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: 1
   matrix:
   - CONDA: 27
   - CONDA: 35
@@ -16,12 +15,12 @@ install:
       if ($env:PLATFORM -eq "x64") { $env:PYTHON = "$env:PYTHON-x64" }
       $env:PATH = "C:\Python$env:PYTHON\;C:\Python$env:PYTHON\Scripts\;$env:PATH"
       pip install --disable-pip-version-check --user --upgrade pip wheel
-      pip install numpy scipy
+      pip install pytest numpy scipy
     } elseif ($env:CONDA) {
       if ($env:CONDA -eq "27") { $env:CONDA = "" }
       if ($env:PLATFORM -eq "x64") { $env:CONDA = "$env:CONDA-x64" }
       $env:PATH = "C:\Miniconda$env:CONDA\;C:\Miniconda$env:CONDA\Scripts\;$env:PATH"
-      conda install -y -q numpy scipy
+      conda install -y -q pytest numpy scipy
     }
 - ps: |
     Start-FileDownload 'http://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.2.9.zip'
@@ -30,4 +29,4 @@ install:
 build_script:
 - cmake -A "%CMAKE_ARCH%" -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
 - set MSBuildLogger="C:\Program Files\AppVeyor\BuildAgent\Appveyor.MSBuildLogger.dll"
-- cmake --build . --config Release --target check -- /v:m /logger:%MSBuildLogger%
+- cmake --build . --config Release --target pytest -- /v:m /logger:%MSBuildLogger%

.gitignore

@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@ CMakeFiles
 Makefile
 cmake_install.cmake
 .DS_Store
-/example/example*.so
-/example/example.cpython*.so
-/example/example.pyd
-/example/example*.dll
+*.so
+*.pyd
+*.dll
 *.sln
 *.sdf
 *.opensdf
@@ -32,3 +31,4 @@ MANIFEST
 /dist
 /build
 /cmake/
+.cache/

.travis.yml

@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ install:
 
   wget -q -O eigen.tar.gz https://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.2.9.tar.gz
   tar xzf eigen.tar.gz
-  export CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS="${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS} -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=eigen-eigen-dc6cfdf9bcec"
+  export CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS="${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS} -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=$PWD/eigen-eigen-dc6cfdf9bcec"
 script:
 - $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX cmake ${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS}
     -DPYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION=$PYTHON
     -DPYBIND11_CPP_STANDARD=-std=c++$CPP
     -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
-- $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX make CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=TRUE check -j 2
+- $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX make pytest -j 2
 after_script:
 - if [ -n "$DOCKER" ]; then docker stop "$containerid"; docker rm "$containerid"; fi

CMakeLists.txt

-# CMakeLists.txt -- Build system for the pybind11 examples
+# CMakeLists.txt -- Build system for the pybind11 modules
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2015 Wenzel Jakob <wenzel@inf.ethz.ch>
 #
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ option(PYBIND11_TEST    "Build pybind11 test suite?"     ${PYBIND11_MASTER_PROJE
 option(PYBIND11_WERROR  "Report all warnings as errors"  OFF)
 
 # Add a CMake parameter for choosing a desired Python version
-set(PYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Python version to use for compiling the example application")
+set(PYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Python version to use for compiling modules")
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/tools")
 set(Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7)
@@ -146,17 +146,15 @@ function(pybind11_enable_warnings target_name)
 
   if(PYBIND11_WERROR)
     if(MSVC)
-        target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE /WX)
+      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE /WX)
     else()
-        target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Werror)
+      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Werror)
     endif()
   endif()
 endfunction()
 
 if (PYBIND11_TEST)
-  enable_testing()
-  add_subdirectory(example)
-  add_custom_target(check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} -C $<CONFIGURATION> DEPENDS example)
+  add_subdirectory(tests)
 endif()
 
 if (PYBIND11_INSTALL)

example/CMakeLists.txt

-# Set a default build configuration if none is specified. 'MinSizeRel' produces the smallest binaries
-if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE AND NOT CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES)
-  message(STATUS "Setting build type to 'MinSizeRel' as none was specified.")
-  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MinSizeRel CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build." FORCE)
-  set_property(CACHE CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS "Debug" "Release"
-    "MinSizeRel" "RelWithDebInfo")
-endif()
-
-set(PYBIND11_EXAMPLES
-  example-methods-and-attributes.cpp
-  example-python-types.cpp
-  example-operator-overloading.cpp
-  example-constants-and-functions.cpp
-  example-callbacks.cpp
-  example-sequences-and-iterators.cpp
-  example-buffers.cpp
-  example-smart-ptr.cpp
-  example-modules.cpp
-  example-numpy-vectorize.cpp
-  example-arg-keywords-and-defaults.cpp
-  example-virtual-functions.cpp
-  example-keep-alive.cpp
-  example-opaque-types.cpp
-  example-pickling.cpp
-  example-inheritance.cpp
-  example-stl-binder-vector.cpp
-  example-eval.cpp
-  example-custom-exceptions.cpp
-  example-numpy-dtypes.cpp
-  issues.cpp
-)
-
-# Check if Eigen is available
-find_package(Eigen3 QUIET)
-
-if(EIGEN3_FOUND)
-  list(APPEND PYBIND11_EXAMPLES eigen.cpp)
-  message(STATUS "Building Eigen v${EIGEN3_VERSION} testcase")
-else()
-  message(STATUS "NOT Building Eigen testcase")
-endif()
-
-# Create the binding library
-pybind11_add_module(example example.cpp ${PYBIND11_EXAMPLES})
-pybind11_enable_warnings(example)
-
-if(EIGEN3_FOUND)
-  target_include_directories(example PRIVATE ${EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIR})
-  target_compile_definitions(example PRIVATE -DPYBIND11_TEST_EIGEN)
-endif()
-
-# Always write the output file directly into the 'example' directory (even on MSVC)
-set(CompilerFlags
-  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG
-  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_MINSIZEREL LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELWITHDEBINFO
-  RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG
-  RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_MINSIZEREL RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELWITHDEBINFO)
-
-foreach(CompilerFlag ${CompilerFlags})
-  set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES ${CompilerFlag} ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/example)
-endforeach()
-
-set(RUN_TEST ${PYTHON_EXECUTABLE} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/run_test.py)
-
-foreach(VALUE ${PYBIND11_EXAMPLES})
-  string(REGEX REPLACE "^(.+).cpp$" "\\1" EXAMPLE_NAME "${VALUE}")
-  add_test(NAME ${EXAMPLE_NAME} COMMAND ${RUN_TEST} ${EXAMPLE_NAME})
-endforeach()

example/eigen.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-from example import fixed_r, fixed_c
-from example import fixed_passthrough_r, fixed_passthrough_c
-from example import dense_r, dense_c
-from example import dense_passthrough_r, dense_passthrough_c
-from example import sparse_r, sparse_c
-from example import sparse_passthrough_r, sparse_passthrough_c
-from example import double_row, double_col
-from example import double_mat_cm, double_mat_rm
-from example import cholesky1, cholesky2, cholesky3, cholesky4, cholesky5, cholesky6
-from example import diagonal, diagonal_1, diagonal_n
-from example import block
-from example import incr_diag, symmetric_upper, symmetric_lower
-try:
-    import numpy as np
-    import scipy
-except ImportError:
-    # NumPy missing: skip test
-    exit(99)
-
-ref = np.array(
-    [[0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 11],
-     [22, 0, 0, 0, 17, 11],
-     [7, 5, 0, 1, 0, 11],
-     [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 11],
-     [0, 0, 14, 0, 8, 11]])
-
-
-def check(mat):
-    return 'OK' if np.sum(abs(mat - ref)) == 0 else 'NOT OK'
-
-print("should_give_NOT_OK = %s" % check(ref[:, ::-1]))
-
-print("fixed_r = %s" % check(fixed_r()))
-print("fixed_c = %s" % check(fixed_c()))
-print("pt_r(fixed_r) = %s" % check(fixed_passthrough_r(fixed_r())))
-print("pt_c(fixed_c) = %s" % check(fixed_passthrough_c(fixed_c())))
-print("pt_r(fixed_c) = %s" % check(fixed_passthrough_r(fixed_c())))
-print("pt_c(fixed_r) = %s" % check(fixed_passthrough_c(fixed_r())))
-
-print("dense_r = %s" % check(dense_r()))
-print("dense_c = %s" % check(dense_c()))
-print("pt_r(dense_r) = %s" % check(dense_passthrough_r(dense_r())))
-print("pt_c(dense_c) = %s" % check(dense_passthrough_c(dense_c())))
-print("pt_r(dense_c) = %s" % check(dense_passthrough_r(dense_c())))
-print("pt_c(dense_r) = %s" % check(dense_passthrough_c(dense_r())))
-
-print("sparse_r = %s" % check(sparse_r()))
-print("sparse_c = %s" % check(sparse_c()))
-print("pt_r(sparse_r) = %s" % check(sparse_passthrough_r(sparse_r())))
-print("pt_c(sparse_c) = %s" % check(sparse_passthrough_c(sparse_c())))
-print("pt_r(sparse_c) = %s" % check(sparse_passthrough_r(sparse_c())))
-print("pt_c(sparse_r) = %s" % check(sparse_passthrough_c(sparse_r())))
-
-def check_got_vs_ref(got_x, ref_x):
-    return 'OK' if np.array_equal(got_x, ref_x) else 'NOT OK'
-
-counting_mat = np.arange(9.0, dtype=np.float32).reshape((3, 3))
-first_row = counting_mat[0, :]
-first_col = counting_mat[:, 0]
-
-print("double_row(first_row) = %s" % check_got_vs_ref(double_row(first_row), 2.0 * first_row))
-print("double_col(first_row) = %s" % check_got_vs_ref(double_col(first_row), 2.0 * first_row))
-print("double_row(first_col) = %s" % check_got_vs_ref(double_row(first_col), 2.0 * first_col))
-print("double_col(first_col) = %s" % check_got_vs_ref(double_col(first_col), 2.0 * first_col))
-
-counting_3d = np.arange(27.0, dtype=np.float32).reshape((3, 3, 3))
-slices = [counting_3d[0, :, :], counting_3d[:, 0, :], counting_3d[:, :, 0]]
-
-for slice_idx, ref_mat in enumerate(slices):
-    print("double_mat_cm(%d) = %s" % (slice_idx, check_got_vs_ref(double_mat_cm(ref_mat), 2.0 * ref_mat)))
-    print("double_mat_rm(%d) = %s" % (slice_idx, check_got_vs_ref(double_mat_rm(ref_mat), 2.0 * ref_mat)))
-
-i = 1
-for chol in [cholesky1, cholesky2, cholesky3, cholesky4, cholesky5, cholesky6]:
-    mymat = chol(np.array([[1,2,4], [2,13,23], [4,23,77]]))
-    print("cholesky" + str(i) + " " + ("OK" if (mymat == np.array([[1,0,0], [2,3,0], [4,5,6]])).all() else "NOT OKAY"))
-    i += 1
-
-print("diagonal() %s" % ("OK" if (diagonal(ref) == ref.diagonal()).all() else "FAILED"))
-print("diagonal_1() %s" % ("OK" if (diagonal_1(ref) == ref.diagonal(1)).all() else "FAILED"))
-for i in range(-5, 7):
-    print("diagonal_n(%d) %s" % (i, "OK" if (diagonal_n(ref, i) == ref.diagonal(i)).all() else "FAILED"))
-
-print("block(2,1,3,3) %s" % ("OK" if (block(ref, 2, 1, 3, 3) == ref[2:5, 1:4]).all() else "FAILED"))
-print("block(1,4,4,2) %s" % ("OK" if (block(ref, 1, 4, 4, 2) == ref[1:, 4:]).all() else "FAILED"))
-print("block(1,4,3,2) %s" % ("OK" if (block(ref, 1, 4, 3, 2) == ref[1:4, 4:]).all() else "FAILED"))
-
-print("incr_diag %s" % ("OK" if (incr_diag(7) == np.diag([1,2,3,4,5,6,7])).all() else "FAILED"))
-
-asymm = np.array([
-    [1,  2, 3, 4],
-    [5,  6, 7, 8],
-    [9, 10,11,12],
-    [13,14,15,16]])
-symm_lower = np.array(asymm)
-symm_upper = np.array(asymm)
-for i in range(4):
-    for j in range(i+1, 4):
-        symm_lower[i,j] = symm_lower[j,i]
-        symm_upper[j,i] = symm_upper[i,j]
-
-print("symmetric_lower %s" % ("OK" if (symmetric_lower(asymm) == symm_lower).all() else "FAILED"))
-print("symmetric_upper %s" % ("OK" if (symmetric_upper(asymm) == symm_upper).all() else "FAILED"))
-
-print(double_col.__doc__)
-print(double_row.__doc__)
-print(double_mat_rm.__doc__)
-print(sparse_passthrough_r.__doc__)
-print(sparse_passthrough_c.__doc__)

example/eigen.ref

-should_give_NOT_OK = NOT OK
-fixed_r = OK
-fixed_c = OK
-pt_r(fixed_r) = OK
-pt_c(fixed_c) = OK
-pt_r(fixed_c) = OK
-pt_c(fixed_r) = OK
-dense_r = OK
-dense_c = OK
-pt_r(dense_r) = OK
-pt_c(dense_c) = OK
-pt_r(dense_c) = OK
-pt_c(dense_r) = OK
-sparse_r = OK
-sparse_c = OK
-pt_r(sparse_r) = OK
-pt_c(sparse_c) = OK
-pt_r(sparse_c) = OK
-pt_c(sparse_r) = OK
-double_row(first_row) = OK
-double_col(first_row) = OK
-double_row(first_col) = OK
-double_col(first_col) = OK
-double_mat_cm(0) = OK
-double_mat_rm(0) = OK
-double_mat_cm(1) = OK
-double_mat_rm(1) = OK
-double_mat_cm(2) = OK
-double_mat_rm(2) = OK
-cholesky1 OK
-cholesky2 OK
-cholesky3 OK
-cholesky4 OK
-cholesky5 OK
-cholesky6 OK
-diagonal() OK
-diagonal_1() OK
-diagonal_n(-5) OK
-diagonal_n(-4) OK
-diagonal_n(-3) OK
-diagonal_n(-2) OK
-diagonal_n(-1) OK
-diagonal_n(0) OK
-diagonal_n(1) OK
-diagonal_n(2) OK
-diagonal_n(3) OK
-diagonal_n(4) OK
-diagonal_n(5) OK
-diagonal_n(6) OK
-block(2,1,3,3) OK
-block(1,4,4,2) OK
-block(1,4,3,2) OK
-incr_diag OK
-symmetric_lower OK
-symmetric_upper OK
-double_col(arg0: numpy.ndarray[float32[m, 1]]) -> numpy.ndarray[float32[m, 1]]
-double_row(arg0: numpy.ndarray[float32[1, n]]) -> numpy.ndarray[float32[1, n]]
-double_mat_rm(arg0: numpy.ndarray[float32[m, n]]) -> numpy.ndarray[float32[m, n]]
-sparse_passthrough_r(arg0: scipy.sparse.csr_matrix[float32]) -> scipy.sparse.csr_matrix[float32]
-sparse_passthrough_c(arg0: scipy.sparse.csc_matrix[float32]) -> scipy.sparse.csc_matrix[float32]

example/example-arg-keywords-and-defaults.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys
-import pydoc
-
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-from example import kw_func0, kw_func1, kw_func2, kw_func3, kw_func4, call_kw_func
-from example import args_function, args_kwargs_function, kw_func_udl, kw_func_udl_z
-from example import KWClass
-
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func0, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func1, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func2, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func3, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func4, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func_udl, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(kw_func_udl_z, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(args_function, "Help on %s"))
-print(pydoc.render_doc(args_kwargs_function, "Help on %s"))
-
-print(KWClass.foo0.__doc__)
-print(KWClass.foo1.__doc__)
-
-kw_func1(5, 10)
-kw_func1(5, y=10)
-kw_func1(y=10, x=5)
-
-kw_func2()
-
-kw_func2(5)
-kw_func2(x=5)
-
-kw_func2(y=10)
-
-kw_func2(5, 10)
-kw_func2(x=5, y=10)
-
-try:
-    kw_func2(x=5, y=10, z=12)
-except Exception as e:
-    print("Caught expected exception: " + str(e))
-
-kw_func4()
-kw_func4(myList=[1, 2, 3])
-
-call_kw_func(kw_func2)
-
-args_function('arg1_value', 'arg2_value', 3)
-args_kwargs_function('arg1_value', 'arg2_value', arg3='arg3_value', arg4=4)
-
-kw_func_udl(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func_udl_z(x=5)

example/example-arg-keywords-and-defaults.ref

-Help on built-in function kw_func0 in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc00(...)
-    kw_func0(arg0: int, arg1: int) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func1 in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc11(...)
-    kw_func1(x: int, y: int) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func2 in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc22(...)
-    kw_func2(x: int=100L, y: int=200L) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func3 in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc33(...)
-    kw_func3(data: unicode=u'Hello world!') -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func4 in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc44(...)
-    kw_func4(myList: List[int]=[13L, 17L]) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func_udl in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc__uuddll(...)
-    kw_func_udl(x: int, y: int=300L) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function kw_func_udl_z in module example
-
-kkww__ffuunncc__uuddll__zz(...)
-    kw_func_udl_z(x: int, y: int=0L) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function args_function in module example
-
-aarrggss__ffuunnccttiioonn(...)
-    args_function(*args) -> None
-
-Help on built-in function args_kwargs_function in module example
-
-aarrggss__kkwwaarrggss__ffuunnccttiioonn(...)
-    args_kwargs_function(*args, **kwargs) -> None
-
-
-foo0(self: KWClass, arg0: int, arg1: float) -> None
-foo1(self: KWClass, x: int, y: float) -> None
-
-
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func(x=100, y=200)
-kw_func(x=5, y=200)
-kw_func(x=5, y=200)
-kw_func(x=100, y=10)
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-Caught expected exception: Incompatible function arguments. The following argument types are supported:
-    1. (x: int=100L, y: int=200L) -> None
-    Invoked with:
-kw_func4: 13 17
-kw_func4: 1 2 3
-kw_func(x=1234, y=5678)
-got argument: arg1_value
-got argument: arg2_value
-got argument: 3
-got argument: arg1_value
-got argument: arg2_value
-got keyword argument: arg3 -> arg3_value
-got keyword argument: arg4 -> 4
-
-kw_func(x=5, y=10)
-kw_func(x=5, y=0)

example/example-buffers.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-from example import Matrix
-
-try:
-    import numpy as np
-except ImportError:
-    # NumPy missing: skip test
-    exit(99)
-
-m = Matrix(5, 5)
-
-print(m[2, 3])
-m[2, 3] = 4
-print(m[2, 3])
-
-m2 = np.array(m, copy=False)
-print(m2)
-print(m2[2, 3])
-m2[2, 3] = 5
-print(m[2, 3])
-
-m3 = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]).astype(np.float32)
-print(m3)
-m4 = Matrix(m3)
-for i in range(m4.rows()):
-    for j in range(m4.cols()):
-        print(m4[i, j], end = ' ')
-    print()
-
-from example import ConstructorStats
-cstats = ConstructorStats.get(Matrix)
-print("Instances not destroyed:", cstats.alive())
-m = m4 = None
-print("Instances not destroyed:", cstats.alive())
-m2 = None # m2 holds an m reference
-print("Instances not destroyed:", cstats.alive())
-print("Constructor values:", cstats.values())
-print("Copy constructions:", cstats.copy_constructions)
-#print("Move constructions:", cstats.move_constructions >= 0) # Don't invoke any
-print("Copy assignments:", cstats.copy_assignments)
-print("Move assignments:", cstats.move_assignments)

example/example-buffers.ref

-### Matrix @ 0x1df1920 created 5x5 matrix
-0.0
-4.0
-[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]
- [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]
- [ 0.  0.  0.  4.  0.]
- [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]
- [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]]
-4.0
-5.0
-[[ 1.  2.  3.]
- [ 4.  5.  6.]]
-### Matrix @ 0x1fa8cf0 created 2x3 matrix
-1.0 2.0 3.0 
-4.0 5.0 6.0 
-Instances not destroyed: 2
-### Matrix @ 0x1fa8cf0 destroyed 2x3 matrix
-Instances not destroyed: 1
-### Matrix @ 0x1df1920 destroyed 5x5 matrix
-Instances not destroyed: 0
-Constructor values: ['5x5 matrix', '2x3 matrix']
-Copy constructions: 0
-Copy assignments: 0
-Move assignments: 0

example/example-callbacks.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-from functools import partial
-import sys
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-from example import Pet
-from example import Dog
-from example import Rabbit
-from example import dog_bark
-from example import pet_print
-
-polly = Pet('Polly', 'parrot')
-molly = Dog('Molly')
-roger = Rabbit('Rabbit')
-print(roger.name() + " is a " + roger.species())
-pet_print(roger)
-print(polly.name() + " is a " + polly.species())
-pet_print(polly)
-print(molly.name() + " is a " + molly.species())
-pet_print(molly)
-dog_bark(molly)
-try:
-    dog_bark(polly)
-except Exception as e:
-    print('The following error is expected: ' + str(e))
-
-from example import test_callback1
-from example import test_callback2
-from example import test_callback3
-from example import test_callback4
-from example import test_callback5
-from example import test_cleanup
-
-def func1():
-    print('Callback function 1 called!')
-
-def func2(a, b, c, d):
-    print('Callback function 2 called : ' + str(a) + ", " + str(b) + ", " + str(c) + ", "+ str(d))
-    return d
-
-def func3(a):
-    print('Callback function 3 called : ' + str(a))
-
-print(test_callback1(func1))
-print(test_callback2(func2))
-print(test_callback1(partial(func2, "Hello", "from", "partial", "object")))
-print(test_callback1(partial(func3, "Partial object with one argument")))
-
-test_callback3(lambda i: i + 1)
-f = test_callback4()
-print("func(43) = %i" % f(43))
-f = test_callback5()
-print("func(number=43) = %i" % f(number=43))
-
-test_cleanup()
-
-from example import payload_cstats
-cstats = payload_cstats()
-print("Payload instances not destroyed:", cstats.alive())
-print("Copy constructions:", cstats.copy_constructions)
-print("Move constructions:", cstats.move_constructions >= 1)
-
-from example import dummy_function
-from example import dummy_function2
-from example import test_dummy_function
-from example import roundtrip
-
-test_dummy_function(dummy_function)
-test_dummy_function(roundtrip(dummy_function))
-if roundtrip(None) is not None:
-    print("Problem!")
-test_dummy_function(lambda x: x + 2)
-
-try:
-    test_dummy_function(dummy_function2)
-    print("Problem!")
-except Exception as e:
-    if 'Incompatible function arguments' in str(e):
-        print("All OK!")
-    else:
-        print("Problem!")
-
-try:
-    test_dummy_function(lambda x, y: x + y)
-    print("Problem!")
-except Exception as e:
-    if 'missing 1 required positional argument' in str(e) or \
-       'takes exactly 2 arguments' in str(e):
-        print("All OK!")
-    else:
-        print("Problem!")
-
-print(test_callback3.__doc__)
-print(test_callback4.__doc__)

example/example-callbacks.ref

-Rabbit is a parrot
-Rabbit is a parrot
-Polly is a parrot
-Polly is a parrot
-Molly is a dog
-Molly is a dog
-Woof!
-The following error is expected: Incompatible function arguments. The following argument types are supported:
-    1. (arg0: example.Dog) -> None
-    Invoked with: <example.Pet object at 0x7ffaf4b00db0>
-Callback function 1 called!
-False
-Callback function 2 called : Hello, x, True, 5
-5
-Callback function 2 called : Hello, from, partial, object
-False
-Callback function 3 called : Partial object with one argument
-False
-func(43) = 44
-func(43) = 44
-func(number=43) = 44
-### Payload @ 0x7ffdcee09c80 created via default constructor
-### Payload @ 0x7ffdcee09c88 created via copy constructor
-### Payload @ 0xb54500 created via move constructor
-### Payload @ 0x7ffdcee09c88 destroyed
-### Payload @ 0x7ffdcee09c80 destroyed
-### Payload @ 0xb54500 destroyed
-Payload instances not destroyed: 0
-Copy constructions: 1
-Move constructions: True
-argument matches dummy_function
-eval(1) = 2
-roundtrip (got None)..
-roundtrip..
-argument matches dummy_function
-eval(1) = 2
-could not convert to a function pointer.
-eval(1) = 3
-could not convert to a function pointer.
-All OK!
-could not convert to a function pointer.
-All OK!
-test_callback3(arg0: Callable[[int], int]) -> None
-
-test_callback4() -> Callable[[int], int]
-

example/example-constants-and-functions.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-from example import test_function
-from example import some_constant
-from example import EMyEnumeration
-from example import ECMyEnum, test_ecenum
-from example import EFirstEntry
-from example import ExampleWithEnum
-from example import return_bytes
-from example import print_bytes
-
-print(EMyEnumeration)
-print(EMyEnumeration.EFirstEntry)
-print(EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry)
-print(EFirstEntry)
-
-print(test_function())
-print(test_function(7))
-print(test_function(EMyEnumeration.EFirstEntry))
-print(test_function(EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry))
-test_ecenum(ECMyEnum.Three)
-z = ECMyEnum.Two
-test_ecenum(z)
-try:
-    z == 2
-    print("Bad: expected a TypeError exception")
-except TypeError:
-    try:
-        z != 3
-        print("Bad: expected a TypeError exception")
-    except TypeError:
-        print("Good: caught expected TypeError exceptions for scoped enum ==/!= int comparisons")
-
-y = EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry
-try:
-    y == 2
-    y != 2
-    print("Good: no TypeError exception for unscoped enum ==/!= int comparisions")
-except TypeError:
-    print("Bad: caught TypeError exception for unscoped enum ==/!= int comparisons")
-
-print("enum->integer = %i" % int(EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry))
-print("integer->enum = %s" % str(EMyEnumeration(2)))
-
-print("A constant = " + str(some_constant))
-
-print(ExampleWithEnum.EMode)
-print(ExampleWithEnum.EMode.EFirstMode)
-print(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode)
-ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode)
-
-print("Equality test 1: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) ==
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode)))
-
-print("Inequality test 1: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) !=
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode)))
-
-print("Equality test 2: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) ==
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode)))
-
-print("Inequality test 2: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) !=
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode)))
-
-print("Equality test 3: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) ==
-    int(ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode))))
-
-print("Inequality test 3: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) !=
-    int(ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode))))
-
-print("Equality test 4: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) ==
-    int(ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode))))
-
-print("Inequality test 4: " + str(
-    ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode) !=
-    int(ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode))))
-
-x = {
-        ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode): 1,
-        ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode): 2
-}
-
-x[ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.EFirstMode)] = 3
-x[ExampleWithEnum.test_function(ExampleWithEnum.ESecondMode)] = 4
-print("Hashing test = " + str(x))
-
-print_bytes(return_bytes())

example/example-constants-and-functions.ref

-<class 'example.EMyEnumeration'>
-EMyEnumeration.EFirstEntry
-EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry
-EMyEnumeration.EFirstEntry
-test_function()
-False
-test_function(7)
-3.5
-test_function(enum=1)
-None
-test_function(enum=2)
-None
-test_ecenum(ECMyEnum::Three)
-test_ecenum(ECMyEnum::Two)
-Good: caught expected TypeError exceptions for scoped enum ==/!= int comparisons
-Good: no TypeError exception for unscoped enum ==/!= int comparisions
-enum->integer = 2
-integer->enum = EMyEnumeration.ESecondEntry
-A constant = 14
-<class 'example.EMode'>
-EMode.EFirstMode
-EMode.EFirstMode
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-Equality test 1: True
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-Inequality test 1: False
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-Equality test 2: False
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-Inequality test 2: True
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-Equality test 3: True
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-Inequality test 3: False
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-Equality test 4: False
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-Inequality test 4: True
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=1)
-ExampleWithEnum::test_function(enum=2)
-Hashing test = {EMode.EFirstMode: 3, EMode.ESecondMode: 4}
-bytes[0]=1
-bytes[1]=0
-bytes[2]=2
-bytes[3]=0

example/example-custom-exceptions.py

-#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys
-sys.path.append('.')
-
-import example
-
-print("Can we catch a MyException?")
-try:
-    example.throws1()
-except example.MyException as e:
-    print(e.__class__.__name__, ":", e)
-print("")
-
-print("Can we translate to standard Python exceptions?")
-try:
-    example.throws2()
-except Exception as e:
-    print(e.__class__.__name__, ":", e)
-print("")
-
-print("Can we handle unknown exceptions?")
-try:
-    example.throws3()
-except Exception as e:
-    print(e.__class__.__name__, ":", e)
-print("")
-
-print("Can we delegate to another handler by rethrowing?")
-try:
-    example.throws4()
-except example.MyException as e:
-    print(e.__class__.__name__, ":", e)
-print("")
-
-print("Can we fall-through to the default handler?")
-try:
-    example.throws_logic_error()
-except Exception as e:
-    print(e.__class__.__name__, ":", e)
-print("")
-

example/example-custom-exceptions.ref

-Can we catch a MyException?
-MyException : this error should go to a custom type
-
-Can we translate to standard Python exceptions?
-RuntimeError : this error should go to a standard Python exception
-
-Can we handle unknown exceptions?
-RuntimeError : Caught an unknown exception!
-
-Can we delegate to another handler by rethrowing?
-MyException : this error is rethrown
-
-Can we fall-through to the default handler?
-RuntimeError : this error should fall through to the standard handler
-

example/example-eval.py

-from example import example_eval
-
-example_eval()
-
-

example/example-eval.ref

-eval_statements test
-eval_statements passed
-eval test
-eval passed
-eval_single_statement test
-eval_single_statement passed
-eval_file test
-eval_file passed
-eval failure test
-eval failure test passed
-eval_file failure test
-eval_file failure test passed
-Hello World!

example/example-eval_call.py

-call_test2(y)
\ No newline at end of file