Commit 109ed1c7 authored by lintangsutawika's avatar lintangsutawika
Browse files

added subgroups for other mmlu variants

parent 93a45962
dataset_name: logical_fallacies
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about logical
fallacies.
Q: When an arguer causes confusion during refutation because of real or feigned
lack of an ability to engage in refutation, that arguer may have committed the fallacy
of
(A) poor sportsmanship (B) appeal to compassion (C) argument against the person
(D) ignorance of refutation
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies
for help. Ignorance of refutation, one of Aristotle''s original list of logical
fallacies in his Organon, is when someone causes confusion in an argument through
real or feigned inability to engage in refutation, in order to win the argument.
The answer is (D).
Q: The complex question fallacy consists of
(A) arguing something is inferior just because it doesn''t do something it was never
intended to do. (B) including more than one claim in the proposition and treating
proof for one claim as proof for all the claims. (C) drawing a conclusion before
examining the evidence, and only considering evidence that supports that conclusion.
(D) asking a question that includes either an unproven assumption or more than one
question, thus making a straightforward yes or no answer meaningless.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies
for help. The complex question fallacy is when someone makes a single yes or no
answer to a question meaningless, by including either an unproven assumption or
many questions. The latter is also known as the many questions fallacy. The answer
is (D).
Q: Arguing that what is true of the parts must be true of the whole is the fallacy
of...
(A) Division (B) Composition (C) Appeal to the person (D) Appeal to ignorance
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies
for help. Fallacy of composition occurs when someone argues what is true of the
parts must be true of the whole. The answer is (B).
Q: Which of the following is true of a valid categorical syllogism?
(A) The minor premise must deny the antecedent (B) The major premise must affirm
the consequent (C) The middle term must be used in at least one premise in a universal
or unqualified sense (D) All of the above
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies
for help. A valid categorical syllogism must satisfy several conditions: (1) the
syllogism must have exactly three terms (2) every term of the syllogism must be
used twice exactly, (3) a term may be used only once in any premise, and (4) the
middle term must be used in at least one premise in a universal or unqualified sense,
etc. Only (C) is true. The answer is (C).
Q: If someone attacks the character of an opposing arguer, instead of responding
to that opponent''s arguments, the first person has probably committed which of
the following fallacies?
(A) tu quoque (B) horse laugh (C) argument against the person (D) ignoratio elenchi
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies
for help. The argument against the person fallacy occurs when someone irrelevantly
attacks the character of an opposing arguer, instead of addressing that opponent''s
arguments. The answer is (C).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_logical_fallacies
"dataset_name": "logical_fallacies"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about logical\
\ fallacies.\n\nQ: When an arguer causes confusion during refutation because of\
\ real or feigned lack of an ability to engage in refutation, that arguer may have\
\ committed the fallacy of\n(A) poor sportsmanship (B) appeal to compassion (C)\
\ argument against the person (D) ignorance of refutation\nA: Let's think step by\
\ step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies for help. Ignorance\
\ of refutation, one of Aristotle's original list of logical fallacies in his Organon,\
\ is when someone causes confusion in an argument through real or feigned inability\
\ to engage in refutation, in order to win the argument. The answer is (D).\n\n\
Q: The complex question fallacy consists of\n(A) arguing something is inferior just\
\ because it doesn't do something it was never intended to do. (B) including more\
\ than one claim in the proposition and treating proof for one claim as proof for\
\ all the claims. (C) drawing a conclusion before examining the evidence, and only\
\ considering evidence that supports that conclusion. (D) asking a question that\
\ includes either an unproven assumption or more than one question, thus making\
\ a straightforward yes or no answer meaningless.\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies for help. The complex question\
\ fallacy is when someone makes a single yes or no answer to a question meaningless,\
\ by including either an unproven assumption or many questions. The latter is also\
\ known as the many questions fallacy. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: Arguing that what\
\ is true of the parts must be true of the whole is the fallacy of...\n(A) Division\
\ (B) Composition (C) Appeal to the person (D) Appeal to ignorance\nA: Let's think\
\ step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies for help. Fallacy\
\ of composition occurs when someone argues what is true of the parts must be true\
\ of the whole. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: Which of the following is true of a valid\
\ categorical syllogism?\n(A) The minor premise must deny the antecedent (B) The\
\ major premise must affirm the consequent (C) The middle term must be used in at\
\ least one premise in a universal or unqualified sense (D) All of the above\nA:\
\ Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies\
\ for help. A valid categorical syllogism must satisfy several conditions: (1) the\
\ syllogism must have exactly three terms (2) every term of the syllogism must be\
\ used twice exactly, (3) a term may be used only once in any premise, and (4) the\
\ middle term must be used in at least one premise in a universal or unqualified\
\ sense, etc. Only (C) is true. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: If someone attacks the\
\ character of an opposing arguer, instead of responding to that opponent's arguments,\
\ the first person has probably committed which of the following fallacies?\n(A)\
\ tu quoque (B) horse laugh (C) argument against the person (D) ignoratio elenchi\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on logical fallacies\
\ for help. The argument against the person fallacy occurs when someone irrelevantly\
\ attacks the character of an opposing arguer, instead of addressing that opponent's\
\ arguments. The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_logical_fallacies"
dataset_name: machine_learning
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about machine\
"dataset_name": "machine_learning"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about machine\
\ learning.\n\nQ: Which image data augmentation is most common for natural images?\n\
(A) random crop and horizontal flip (B) random crop and vertical flip (C) posterization\
\ (D) dithering\nA: Let's think step by step. Data augmentation is used to increase\
......@@ -12,48 +12,49 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about m
\ learning we consider a binary split according to whether the attribute is above\
\ or below some threshold. Pat suggests that instead we should just have a multiway\
\ split with one branch for each of the distinct values of the attribute. From the\
\ list below choose the single biggest problem with Pat\u2019s suggestion:\n(A)\
\ It is too computationally expensive. (B) It would probably result in a decision\
\ tree that scores badly on the training set and a testset. (C) It would probably\
\ result in a decision tree that scores well on the training set but badly on a\
\ testset. (D) It would probably result in a decision tree that scores well on a\
\ testset but badly on a training set.\nA: Let's think step by step. Because the\
\ input is real valued, it is unlikely that the same values appear both at training\
\ and test time. This means that while such a decision tree could yield good performance\
\ list below choose the single biggest problem with Pats suggestion:\n(A) It is\
\ too computationally expensive. (B) It would probably result in a decision tree\
\ that scores badly on the training set and a testset. (C) It would probably result\
\ in a decision tree that scores well on the training set but badly on a testset.\
\ (D) It would probably result in a decision tree that scores well on a testset\
\ but badly on a training set.\nA: Let's think step by step. Because the input is\
\ real valued, it is unlikely that the same values appear both at training and test\
\ time. This means that while such a decision tree could yield good performance\
\ on the training data, when evaluated on the test data it will perform badly because\
\ the decision tree won\u2019t know what to do with numbers that did not appear\
\ in the training data. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: You are reviewing papers for the\
\ World\u2019s Fanciest Machine Learning Conference, and you see submissions with\
\ the following claims. Which ones would you consider accepting?\n(A) My method\
\ achieves a training error lower than all previous methods! (B) My method achieves\
\ a test error lower than all previous methods! (Footnote: When regularisation parameter\
\ \u03BB is chosen so as to minimise test error.) (C) My method achieves a test\
\ the decision tree won’t know what to do with numbers that did not appear in the\
\ training data. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: You are reviewing papers for the World’s\
\ Fanciest Machine Learning Conference, and you see submissions with the following\
\ claims. Which ones would you consider accepting?\n(A) My method achieves a training\
\ error lower than all previous methods! (B) My method achieves a test error lower\
\ than all previous methods! (Footnote: When regularisation parameter λ is chosen\
\ so as to minimise test error.) (C) My method achieves a test error lower than\
\ all previous methods! (Footnote: When regularisation parameter λ is chosen so\
\ as to minimise cross-validaton error.) (D) My method achieves a cross-validation\
\ error lower than all previous methods! (Footnote: When regularisation parameter\
\ \u03BB is chosen so as to minimise cross-validaton error.) (D) My method achieves\
\ a cross-validation error lower than all previous methods! (Footnote: When regularisation\
\ parameter \u03BB is chosen so as to minimise cross-validaton error.)\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. In machine learning, we train with some data and fixed hyperparameters\
\ and the training error can be arbitrarily low, so (A) can\u2019t be right. Then,\
\ one compares different hyperparameters by selecting the model with the lowest\
\ cross-validation error, this means that (B) and (D) are not the right procedure.\
\ The only relevant number after these is the test error and thus (C) is the right\
\ answer. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: A 6-sided die is rolled 15 times and the results\
\ are: side 1 comes up 0 times; side 2: 1 time; side 3: 2 times; side 4: 3 times;\
\ side 5: 4 times; side 6: 5 times. Based on these results, what is the probability\
\ of side 3 coming up when using Add-1 Smoothing?\n(A) 2.0/15 (B) 1.0/7 (C) 3.0/16\
\ (D) 1.0/5\nA: Let's think step by step. Add-1 smoothing adds the value of one\
\ to the different counts and then normalizes the probabilities accordingly. The\
\ counts after adding one will be: side 1 comes up 1 time; side 2: 2 times; side\
\ 3: 3 times; side 4: 4 times; side 5: 5 times; side 6: 6 times. The number of sum\
\ one die rolls will be 21, so the probability of drawing a three is 3/21 = 1/7.\
\ The answer is (B).\n\nQ: To achieve an 0/1 loss estimate that is less than 1 percent\
\ of the true 0/1 loss (with probability 95%), according to Hoeffding's inequality\
\ the IID test set must have how many examples?\n(A) around 10 examples (B) around\
\ 100 examples (C) between 100 and 500 examples (D) more than 1000 examples\nA:\
\ Let's think step by step. By the Hoeffding\u2019s inequality, we expect that with\
\ 95% probability the in-sample and out-of-sample errors differ by epsilon when\
\ we have N samples if 2 exp(-2 epsilon^2 N)<0.05, this implies that N > -1/(2*epsilon**2)\
\ log ( 0.05/2 )= log (40)*5000. Since log(40)>1, we have that one needs more than\
\ 1000 examples. The answer is (D)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_machine_learning
\ λ is chosen so as to minimise cross-validaton error.)\nA: Let's think step by\
\ step. In machine learning, we train with some data and fixed hyperparameters and\
\ the training error can be arbitrarily low, so (A) can’t be right. Then, one compares\
\ different hyperparameters by selecting the model with the lowest cross-validation\
\ error, this means that (B) and (D) are not the right procedure. The only relevant\
\ number after these is the test error and thus (C) is the right answer. The answer\
\ is (C).\n\nQ: A 6-sided die is rolled 15 times and the results are: side 1 comes\
\ up 0 times; side 2: 1 time; side 3: 2 times; side 4: 3 times; side 5: 4 times;\
\ side 6: 5 times. Based on these results, what is the probability of side 3 coming\
\ up when using Add-1 Smoothing?\n(A) 2.0/15 (B) 1.0/7 (C) 3.0/16 (D) 1.0/5\nA:\
\ Let's think step by step. Add-1 smoothing adds the value of one to the different\
\ counts and then normalizes the probabilities accordingly. The counts after adding\
\ one will be: side 1 comes up 1 time; side 2: 2 times; side 3: 3 times; side 4:\
\ 4 times; side 5: 5 times; side 6: 6 times. The number of sum one die rolls will\
\ be 21, so the probability of drawing a three is 3/21 = 1/7. The answer is (B).\n\
\nQ: To achieve an 0/1 loss estimate that is less than 1 percent of the true 0/1\
\ loss (with probability 95%), according to Hoeffding's inequality the IID test\
\ set must have how many examples?\n(A) around 10 examples (B) around 100 examples\
\ (C) between 100 and 500 examples (D) more than 1000 examples\nA: Let's think step\
\ by step. By the Hoeffding’s inequality, we expect that with 95% probability the\
\ in-sample and out-of-sample errors differ by epsilon when we have N samples if\
\ 2 exp(-2 epsilon^2 N)<0.05, this implies that N > -1/(2*epsilon**2) log ( 0.05/2\
\ )= log (40)*5000. Since log(40)>1, we have that one needs more than 1000 examples.\
\ The answer is (D)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_stem"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_machine_learning"
dataset_name: management
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about management.
Q: How can organisational structures that are characterised by democratic and inclusive
styles of management be described?
(A) Hierarchical (B) Bureaucratic (C) Flat (D) Functional
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.
Flat organizational structures are characterized by democratic and inclusive styles
of management, and have few (if any) levels of management between the workers and
managers. The answer is (C).
Q: Hygiene factors are associated with which writer?
(A) Frederick Hertzberg (B) D.C. McClelland (C) Abraham Maslow (D) Douglas McGregor
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.
Hygiene factors include compensation, company policies, supervision, interpersonal
relations, and work environments. Hertzberg lists them as factors that cannot motivate
employees but can minimize job dissatisfaction. The answer is (A).
Q: What characteristic is not a key feature of the ''open systems'' model of management?
(A) Morale (B) Innovation (C) Growth resource (D) Adaptation
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.
The key characteristics of an open system in management include innovation, growth
resource, and adaption, but do not include morale. The answer is (A).
Q: Which element of the cultural web forms regalia?
(A) Symbols (B) Rituals and routines (C) Power structures (D) Control systems
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.
The cultural web is a tool for mapping an organization''s culture, where symbols
form the regalia that visually expresses the values that the organization holds
as important. The answer is (A).
Q: What are the two main dimensions of the Ohio Studies into leadership?
(A) Starting position and end position (B) Initial environment and changed environment
(C) Organisational structure and conditioning (D) Initiating structure and considerations
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.
The Ohio State Leadership Studies conducted in the 1940s identified initiating structure
and consideration as the two main dimensions of leader behavior. The answer is (D).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_management
"dataset_name": "management"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about management.\n\
\nQ: How can organisational structures that are characterised by democratic and\
\ inclusive styles of management be described?\n(A) Hierarchical (B) Bureaucratic\
\ (C) Flat (D) Functional\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on management for help. Flat organizational structures are characterized by democratic\
\ and inclusive styles of management, and have few (if any) levels of management\
\ between the workers and managers. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Hygiene factors are\
\ associated with which writer?\n(A) Frederick Hertzberg (B) D.C. McClelland (C)\
\ Abraham Maslow (D) Douglas McGregor\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to\
\ Wikipedia articles on management for help. Hygiene factors include compensation,\
\ company policies, supervision, interpersonal relations, and work environments.\
\ Hertzberg lists them as factors that cannot motivate employees but can minimize\
\ job dissatisfaction. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: What characteristic is not a key\
\ feature of the 'open systems' model of management?\n(A) Morale (B) Innovation\
\ (C) Growth resource (D) Adaptation\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on management for help. The key characteristics of an open system in\
\ management include innovation, growth resource, and adaption, but do not include\
\ morale. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Which element of the cultural web forms regalia?\n\
(A) Symbols (B) Rituals and routines (C) Power structures (D) Control systems\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on management for help.\
\ The cultural web is a tool for mapping an organization's culture, where symbols\
\ form the regalia that visually expresses the values that the organization holds\
\ as important. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: What are the two main dimensions of the\
\ Ohio Studies into leadership?\n(A) Starting position and end position (B) Initial\
\ environment and changed environment (C) Organisational structure and conditioning\
\ (D) Initiating structure and considerations\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer\
\ to Wikipedia articles on management for help. The Ohio State Leadership Studies\
\ conducted in the 1940s identified initiating structure and consideration as the\
\ two main dimensions of leader behavior. The answer is (D)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_management"
dataset_name: marketing
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about marketing.
Q: Although the content and quality can be as controlled as direct mail, response
rates of this medium are lower because of the lack of a personal address mechanism.
This media format is known as:
(A) Care lines. (B) Direct mail. (C) Inserts. (D) Door to door.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help.
Door to door marketing delivers non-addressed items within all buildings within
a geographic area. While it can control the content and quality as well as direct
mail marketing, its response rate is lower because of the lack of a personal address
mechanism. The answer is (D).
Q: In an organization, the group of people tasked with buying decisions is referred
to as the _______________.
(A) Outsourcing unit. (B) Procurement centre. (C) Chief executive unit. (D) Decision-making
unit.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help.
In an organization, the group of the people tasked with buying decision is referred
to as the decision-making unit. The answer is (D).
Q: The single group within society that is most vulnerable to reference group influence
is:
(A) The older consumer who feels somewhat left out of things. (B) The married women,
many of whom feel a need for stability in their lives. (C) New immigrants who really
want to assimilate into their new culture. (D) Children, who base most of their
buying decisions on outside influences.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help.
Children, who mostly based their buying decisions on outside influences, are the
single group within society that is more vulnerable to reference group influence.
The answer is (D).
Q: Which of the following is an assumption in Maslow''s hierarchy of needs?
(A) Needs are dependent on culture and also on social class. (B) Lower-level needs
must be at least partially satisfied before higher needs can affect behaviour. (C)
Needs are not prioritized or arranged in any particular order. (D) Satisfied needs
are motivators, and new needs emerge when current needs remain unmet.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help.
Maslow''s hierarchy of needs, from the bottom upwards, are physiological (food and
clothing), safety, love and belonging needs, esteem, and self-actualization. Lower-level
needs must be at least partially satisfied before higher ones can affect behavior.
The answer is (B).
Q: _____________ is a natural outcome when combining demographic and geographic
variables.
(A) Geodemographics (B) Product differentiation. (C) ANSOFF matrix. (D) Brand management.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help.
Geodemographics is a natural outcome when combining demographic and geographic variables.
The answer is (A).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_marketing
"dataset_name": "marketing"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about marketing.\n\
\nQ: Although the content and quality can be as controlled as direct mail, response\
\ rates of this medium are lower because of the lack of a personal address mechanism.\
\ This media format is known as:\n(A) Care lines. (B) Direct mail. (C) Inserts.\
\ (D) Door to door.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on marketing for help. Door to door marketing delivers non-addressed items within\
\ all buildings within a geographic area. While it can control the content and quality\
\ as well as direct mail marketing, its response rate is lower because of the lack\
\ of a personal address mechanism. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: In an organization,\
\ the group of people tasked with buying decisions is referred to as the _______________.\n\
(A) Outsourcing unit. (B) Procurement centre. (C) Chief executive unit. (D) Decision-making\
\ unit.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing\
\ for help. In an organization, the group of the people tasked with buying decision\
\ is referred to as the decision-making unit. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: The single\
\ group within society that is most vulnerable to reference group influence is:\n\
(A) The older consumer who feels somewhat left out of things. (B) The married women,\
\ many of whom feel a need for stability in their lives. (C) New immigrants who\
\ really want to assimilate into their new culture. (D) Children, who base most\
\ of their buying decisions on outside influences.\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help. Children, who mostly based\
\ their buying decisions on outside influences, are the single group within society\
\ that is more vulnerable to reference group influence. The answer is (D).\n\nQ:\
\ Which of the following is an assumption in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?\n(A) Needs\
\ are dependent on culture and also on social class. (B) Lower-level needs must\
\ be at least partially satisfied before higher needs can affect behaviour. (C)\
\ Needs are not prioritized or arranged in any particular order. (D) Satisfied needs\
\ are motivators, and new needs emerge when current needs remain unmet.\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on marketing for help. Maslow's\
\ hierarchy of needs, from the bottom upwards, are physiological (food and clothing),\
\ safety, love and belonging needs, esteem, and self-actualization. Lower-level\
\ needs must be at least partially satisfied before higher ones can affect behavior.\
\ The answer is (B).\n\nQ: _____________ is a natural outcome when combining demographic\
\ and geographic variables.\n(A) Geodemographics (B) Product differentiation. (C)\
\ ANSOFF matrix. (D) Brand management.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to\
\ Wikipedia articles on marketing for help. Geodemographics is a natural outcome\
\ when combining demographic and geographic variables. The answer is (A)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_marketing"
dataset_name: medical_genetics
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about medical
genetics.
Q: The stage of meiosis in which chromosomes pair and cross over is:
(A) prophase I (B) metaphase I (C) prophase II (D) metaphase II
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics
for help. Prophase I is the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes pair with
each other and exchange genetic material. The answer is (A).
Q: DNA ligase is
(A) an enzyme that joins fragments in normal DNA replication (B) an enzyme of bacterial
origin which cuts DNA at defined base sequences (C) an enzyme that facilitates transcription
of specific genes (D) an enzyme which limits the level to which a particular nutrient
reaches
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics
for help. DNA ligase is a type of enzyme (EC 6.5.1.1) responsible for joining DNA
strands together by catalyzing a phosphodiester bond. The answer is (A).
Q: Which of the following conditions does not show multifactorial inheritance?
(A) Pyloric stenosis (B) Schizophrenia (C) Spina bifida (neural tube defects) (D)
Marfan syndrome
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics
for help. Multifactorial inheritance is when more than a single factor is responsible
for causing a given trait or health problem. Genes cannot be the only factor. Marfan
syndrome, on the other hand, requires only one abnormal copy of the of the Marfan
gene, from one parent, to inherit the trait. The answer is (D).
Q: A gene showing codominance
(A) has both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote (B) has one allele
dominant to the other (C) has alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome (D)
has alleles expressed at the same time in development
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics
for help. Codominance, as it relates to genetics, refers to a type of genetic inheritance
where the phenotype of both the parents is easily observed in the offspring. A heterozygote
is an individual having two different alleles of a gene. The answer is (A).
Q: Large triplet repeat expansions can be detected by:
(A) polymerase chain reaction. (B) single strand conformational polymorphism analysis.
(C) Southern blotting. (D) Western blotting.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics
for help. A Southern blot is a method in molecular biology for detecting specific
DNA sequences in a sample. Large triplet repeat expansions are usually detected
with this method. The answer is (C).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_medical_genetics
"dataset_name": "medical_genetics"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about medical\
\ genetics.\n\nQ: The stage of meiosis in which chromosomes pair and cross over\
\ is:\n(A) prophase I (B) metaphase I (C) prophase II (D) metaphase II\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics for help.\
\ Prophase I is the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes pair with each\
\ other and exchange genetic material. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: DNA ligase is\n\
(A) an enzyme that joins fragments in normal DNA replication (B) an enzyme of bacterial\
\ origin which cuts DNA at defined base sequences (C) an enzyme that facilitates\
\ transcription of specific genes (D) an enzyme which limits the level to which\
\ a particular nutrient reaches\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on medical genetics for help. DNA ligase is a type of enzyme (EC 6.5.1.1)\
\ responsible for joining DNA strands together by catalyzing a phosphodiester bond.\
\ The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Which of the following conditions does not show multifactorial\
\ inheritance?\n(A) Pyloric stenosis (B) Schizophrenia (C) Spina bifida (neural\
\ tube defects) (D) Marfan syndrome\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on medical genetics for help. Multifactorial inheritance is when more\
\ than a single factor is responsible for causing a given trait or health problem.\
\ Genes cannot be the only factor. Marfan syndrome, on the other hand, requires\
\ only one abnormal copy of the of the Marfan gene, from one parent, to inherit\
\ the trait. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: A gene showing codominance\n(A) has both alleles\
\ independently expressed in the heterozygote (B) has one allele dominant to the\
\ other (C) has alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome (D) has alleles expressed\
\ at the same time in development\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on medical genetics for help. Codominance, as it relates to genetics,\
\ refers to a type of genetic inheritance where the phenotype of both the parents\
\ is easily observed in the offspring. A heterozygote is an individual having two\
\ different alleles of a gene. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Large triplet repeat expansions\
\ can be detected by:\n(A) polymerase chain reaction. (B) single strand conformational\
\ polymorphism analysis. (C) Southern blotting. (D) Western blotting.\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical genetics for help.\
\ A Southern blot is a method in molecular biology for detecting specific DNA sequences\
\ in a sample. Large triplet repeat expansions are usually detected with this method.\
\ The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_medical_genetics"
dataset_name: miscellaneous
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about miscellaneous.
Q: Which of these songs was a Top 10 hit for the rock band The Police?
(A) ''Radio Ga-Ga'' (B) ''Ob-la-di Ob-la-da'' (C) ''De Do Do Do De Da Da Da'' (D)
''In-a-Gadda-Da-Vida''
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Radio Ga-Ga is by
Queen. Ob-la-di Ob-la-da is by The Beatles. And In-a-Gadda-Da-Vida is by Iron Butterfly.
Leaving ''De Do Do Do De Da Da Da'' as the only song by The Police, and also a Top
10 hit. The answer is (C).
Q: What place is named in the title of the 1979 live album by rock legends Cheap
Trick?
(A) Budapest (B) Budokan (C) Bhutan (D) Britain
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Nippon Budokan is
an indoor arena in Tokyo, Japan renowned for hosting rock music concerts including
Cheap Trick in 1978. ''Cheap Trick at Budokan'' became the name of their album.
The answer is (B).
Q: What is produced during photosynthesis?
(A) hydrogen (B) nylon (C) oxygen (D) light
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Photosynthesis is
the process in which green plants use the green pigment chlorophyll to synthesize
foods with water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is the byproduct of this process. The
answer is (C).
Q: Who is the shortest man to ever win an NBA slam dunk competition?
(A) Anthony ''Spud'' Webb (B) Michael ''Air'' Jordan (C) Tyrone ''Muggsy'' Bogues
(D) Julius ''Dr J'' Erving
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. In 1986, Spud Webb,
standing only 5''7" became the shortest NBA player in history to win an official
slam dunk contest. The answer is (A).
Q: How many axles does a standard automobile have?
(A) one (B) two (C) four (D) eight
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Most cars have two
axles to rotate the wheels.. The answer is (B).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_miscellaneous
"dataset_name": "miscellaneous"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about miscellaneous.\n\
\nQ: Which of these songs was a Top 10 hit for the rock band The Police?\n(A) 'Radio\
\ Ga-Ga' (B) 'Ob-la-di Ob-la-da' (C) 'De Do Do Do De Da Da Da' (D) 'In-a-Gadda-Da-Vida'\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Radio Ga-Ga is by Queen.\
\ Ob-la-di Ob-la-da is by The Beatles. And In-a-Gadda-Da-Vida is by Iron Butterfly.\
\ Leaving 'De Do Do Do De Da Da Da' as the only song by The Police, and also a Top\
\ 10 hit. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: What place is named in the title of the 1979\
\ live album by rock legends Cheap Trick?\n(A) Budapest (B) Budokan (C) Bhutan (D)\
\ Britain\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help. Nippon Budokan\
\ is an indoor arena in Tokyo, Japan renowned for hosting rock music concerts including\
\ Cheap Trick in 1978. 'Cheap Trick at Budokan' became the name of their album.\
\ The answer is (B).\n\nQ: What is produced during photosynthesis?\n(A) hydrogen\
\ (B) nylon (C) oxygen (D) light\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ for help. Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants use the green pigment\
\ chlorophyll to synthesize foods with water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is the byproduct\
\ of this process. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Who is the shortest man to ever win\
\ an NBA slam dunk competition?\n(A) Anthony 'Spud' Webb (B) Michael 'Air' Jordan\
\ (C) Tyrone 'Muggsy' Bogues (D) Julius 'Dr J' Erving\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia for help. In 1986, Spud Webb, standing only 5'7\" became\
\ the shortest NBA player in history to win an official slam dunk contest. The answer\
\ is (A).\n\nQ: How many axles does a standard automobile have?\n(A) one (B) two\
\ (C) four (D) eight\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia for help.\
\ Most cars have two axles to rotate the wheels.. The answer is (B)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_miscellaneous"
dataset_name: moral_disputes
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about moral
disputes.
Q: Baron admits that the versions of the ticking bomb hypothetical she discusses
are "stunningly stupid," but she claims this is actually evidence of
(A) the stupidity of most traditional philosophical examples. (B) a general lack
of intelligence among people with advanced degrees. (C) the wrongness of torture.
(D) the readiness on the part of many intelligent people to see torture as the best
solution to deal with terrorism.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for
help. The ticking bomb hypothetical poses a problem where many people will die to
an exploding bomb, if the hypothetical terrorist does not disclose how to defuse
it. Baron sees this hypothetical as silly, but its prevalence does suggest intelligent
people, particularly utilitarians, see torture as justifiable to save the lives
in this scenario. The answer is (D).
Q: A fertilized ovum is also known as
(A) a zygote. (B) an embryo. (C) a viability. (D) a blastocyst.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for
help. Once a single sperm penetrates the layers of an egg to form a new cell, that
cell is called a zygote. The answer is (A).
Q: Pence compares six different cases of reproduction, from natural twinning to
SCNT. What conclusion does he draw from this comparison?
(A) SCNT is not a different kind of reproduction because there are no morally relevant
differences between it and other permissible means of reproduction. (B) Because
there is a low risk of harm for natural twinning, there will be a low risk of harm
for SCNT. (C) both A and B (D) neither A nor B
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for
help. SCNT, known as ''somatic cell nuclear transfer'', is a technique in which
the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an enucleated
egg. This is used in farm animal cloning. Pence may compare this to other processes
of reproduction, and see little moral separation. The answer is (A).
Q: Which of the following is an intrinsic good, according to Singer?
(A) being in the upper class (B) the ability to learn and solve problems (C) being
more beautiful than most of the population (D) being shorter than average
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for
help. Bioethicist Peter Singer sees intrinsic value as innate values conferred by
oneself, for oneself. Innanimate objects can be beautiful, short, or have some valuable
criteria, but capabilities are intrinsically good. The answer is (B).
Q: According to Metz, what is wrong with consequentialist arguments against capital
punishment based on African values?
(A) It is unclear as of yet whether or not capital punishment deters harm to the
community. (B) It is unclear as of yet whether or not capital punishment deters
harm to any individuals. (C) Consequentialism is not supported by African values.
(D) Even though consequentialism is supported by African values, no consequentialist
arguments framed in terms of African values have been offered.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for
help. Thaddeus Metz is a humanities research professor focusing on ethical philosophy
in South Africa. Metz has written the death penalty is unjustified as it treats
individuals as incapable of communal relations. It is unclear that capital punishment
is to the benefit of, or a deterrent of harm to the community. The answer is (A).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_moral_disputes
"dataset_name": "moral_disputes"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about moral\
\ disputes.\n\nQ: Baron admits that the versions of the ticking bomb hypothetical\
\ she discusses are \"stunningly stupid,\" but she claims this is actually evidence\
\ of\n(A) the stupidity of most traditional philosophical examples. (B) a general\
\ lack of intelligence among people with advanced degrees. (C) the wrongness of\
\ torture. (D) the readiness on the part of many intelligent people to see torture\
\ as the best solution to deal with terrorism.\nA: Let's think step by step. We\
\ refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for help. The ticking bomb hypothetical\
\ poses a problem where many people will die to an exploding bomb, if the hypothetical\
\ terrorist does not disclose how to defuse it. Baron sees this hypothetical as\
\ silly, but its prevalence does suggest intelligent people, particularly utilitarians,\
\ see torture as justifiable to save the lives in this scenario. The answer is (D).\n\
\nQ: A fertilized ovum is also known as\n(A) a zygote. (B) an embryo. (C) a viability.\
\ (D) a blastocyst.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on moral disputes for help. Once a single sperm penetrates the layers of an egg\
\ to form a new cell, that cell is called a zygote. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Pence\
\ compares six different cases of reproduction, from natural twinning to SCNT. What\
\ conclusion does he draw from this comparison?\n(A) SCNT is not a different kind\
\ of reproduction because there are no morally relevant differences between it and\
\ other permissible means of reproduction. (B) Because there is a low risk of harm\
\ for natural twinning, there will be a low risk of harm for SCNT. (C) both A and\
\ B (D) neither A nor B\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on moral disputes for help. SCNT, known as 'somatic cell nuclear transfer', is\
\ a technique in which the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell is transferred to the\
\ cytoplasm of an enucleated egg. This is used in farm animal cloning. Pence may\
\ compare this to other processes of reproduction, and see little moral separation.\
\ The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Which of the following is an intrinsic good, according\
\ to Singer?\n(A) being in the upper class (B) the ability to learn and solve problems\
\ (C) being more beautiful than most of the population (D) being shorter than average\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral disputes for\
\ help. Bioethicist Peter Singer sees intrinsic value as innate values conferred\
\ by oneself, for oneself. Innanimate objects can be beautiful, short, or have some\
\ valuable criteria, but capabilities are intrinsically good. The answer is (B).\n\
\nQ: According to Metz, what is wrong with consequentialist arguments against capital\
\ punishment based on African values?\n(A) It is unclear as of yet whether or not\
\ capital punishment deters harm to the community. (B) It is unclear as of yet whether\
\ or not capital punishment deters harm to any individuals. (C) Consequentialism\
\ is not supported by African values. (D) Even though consequentialism is supported\
\ by African values, no consequentialist arguments framed in terms of African values\
\ have been offered.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on moral disputes for help. Thaddeus Metz is a humanities research professor focusing\
\ on ethical philosophy in South Africa. Metz has written the death penalty is unjustified\
\ as it treats individuals as incapable of communal relations. It is unclear that\
\ capital punishment is to the benefit of, or a deterrent of harm to the community.\
\ The answer is (A)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_moral_disputes"
dataset_name: moral_scenarios
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about moral
scenarios.
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do
something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US
as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I took his wallet after he harassed me at the bar. Scenario
2 | I made love to my newborn baby boy.
(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios
for help. Stealing from someone is not considered an ethical response to harrassment.
And having sex with a minor is egregiously unethical. The answer is (A).
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do
something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US
as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I asked for a cigarette from the guy outside the store.
Scenario 2 | When the security guard left his post, I pocketed a rare coin.
(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios
for help. Asking for something is not morally wrong. Stealing is morally wrong.
The answer is (C).
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do
something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US
as of 2020? Scenario 1 | During the house''s demolition, I pushed him into a wall.
Scenario 2 | When I choose a babysitter for my twin nieces, I don''t care about
her racial background.
(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios
for help. Physical violence is morally wrong. Being open to hiring people from different
racial backgrounds is an expected moral stance. The answer is (B).
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do
something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US
as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I bought an old pick-up truck for work. Scenario 2 | I
looked up at the gorgeous waterfall and threw a rock at it.
(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios
for help. Neither of these are wrong as no one is wronged by buing a pick-up truck
or throwing a rock into a stream. The answer is (D).
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do
something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US
as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I really loved my newborn baby boy. Scenario 2 | The new
girl is embarrassed to live in a trailer park, so I invite the class to her house.
(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios
for help. Loving someone is not wrong. However, exposing something that someone
is embarrassed about could be considered quite mean. The answer is (C).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_moral_scenarios
"dataset_name": "moral_scenarios"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about moral\
\ scenarios.\n\nQ: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who\
\ uses I/me/my) do something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral\
\ standards in the US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I took his wallet after he harassed\
\ me at the bar. Scenario 2 | I made love to my newborn baby boy.\n(A) Wrong, Wrong\
\ (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong\nA: Let's think\
\ step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios for help. Stealing\
\ from someone is not considered an ethical response to harrassment. And having\
\ sex with a minor is egregiously unethical. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: For which\
\ of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do something\
\ clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US as of 2020?\
\ Scenario 1 | I asked for a cigarette from the guy outside the store. Scenario\
\ 2 | When the security guard left his post, I pocketed a rare coin.\n(A) Wrong,\
\ Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios for help.\
\ Asking for something is not morally wrong. Stealing is morally wrong. The answer\
\ is (C).\n\nQ: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses\
\ I/me/my) do something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards\
\ in the US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | During the house's demolition, I pushed him\
\ into a wall. Scenario 2 | When I choose a babysitter for my twin nieces, I don't\
\ care about her racial background.\n(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not\
\ wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong, Not wrong\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to\
\ Wikipedia articles on moral scenarios for help. Physical violence is morally wrong.\
\ Being open to hiring people from different racial backgrounds is an expected moral\
\ stance. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: For which of these two scenarios does the main\
\ character (who uses I/me/my) do something clearly morally wrong, according to\
\ ordinary moral standards in the US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I bought an old pick-up\
\ truck for work. Scenario 2 | I looked up at the gorgeous waterfall and threw a\
\ rock at it.\n(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not\
\ wrong, Not wrong\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on moral scenarios for help. Neither of these are wrong as no one is wronged by\
\ buing a pick-up truck or throwing a rock into a stream. The answer is (D).\n\n\
Q: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do\
\ something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the\
\ US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I really loved my newborn baby boy. Scenario 2 | The\
\ new girl is embarrassed to live in a trailer park, so I invite the class to her\
\ house.\n(A) Wrong, Wrong (B) Wrong, Not wrong (C) Not wrong, Wrong (D) Not wrong,\
\ Not wrong\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on moral\
\ scenarios for help. Loving someone is not wrong. However, exposing something that\
\ someone is embarrassed about could be considered quite mean. The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_moral_scenarios"
dataset_name: nutrition
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about nutrition.
Q: What is the first-line drug for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, as
of 2020?
(A) Acarbose (B) Metformin (C) Sulphonylureas (D) Insulin
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help.
Metformin (Fortamet, Glumetza, or others) is usually the first medication prescribed
for type 2 diabetes, as well as obesity. It works by lowering glucose production
in the liver and improving the body''s sensitivity to insulin. The answer is (B).
Q: Which of the following statements is correct (according to knowledge in 2020)?
(A) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener aspartame
(B) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener saccharin
(C) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener sucralose
(D) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener acesulfame
K
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help.
People with phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine.
As it builds up in the blood and brain it can lead to brain damage. People with
PKU should avoid foods that are converted to phenylalanine in the body, such as
aspartame. The answer is (A).
Q: Which of the following statements about iodine is correct, as of 2020?
(A) 50% of adults consume iodine at levels below the RNI (B) Dairy products are
a poor source of iodine (C) The iodine content of organic milk is generally lower
that the level in non-organic milk (D) UK dietary reference values recommend an
increase in iodine intake in pregnancy
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help.
Organic milk usually has less iodine content than non-organic milk. The answer is
(C).
Q: Which of the following is the most plausible explanation for the protective effect
of dietary fibre against cancer of the colon, as of 2020?
(A) Propionic acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation inhibits liver fatty
acid synthesis (B) Butyric acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation stimulates
"silencing" of the SLC5A8 tumour suppressor gene (C) None of these options are correct
(D) Butyric acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation stimulates anti-oxidant
defences in the colon
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help.
Dietary fibre is inversely proportional to the risk of colorectal cancer. This is
presumed because butyric acid (BA) stimulates antioxidants which help protect the
colon from cancerous tumors. The answer is (D).
Q: In a cohort study, the risk ratio of developing diabetes was 0.86 when comparing
consumers of tea (the exposed) to those who did not drink tea (the unexposed). Which
one statement is correct (according to knowledge in 2020)?
(A) The tea drinkers have lower risk of developing diabetes. (B) The tea drinkers
have higher risk of developing diabetes. (C) Based on the information given we cannot
tell if the observed difference in disease risk is the result of chance. (D) The
risk ratio is close to the value one, so there is no difference in disease risk
between the two groups.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help.
The risk ratio is not sufficiently reduced that it could not be explained by random
chance given the studies sample size. The answer is (C).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_nutrition
"dataset_name": "nutrition"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about nutrition.\n\
\nQ: What is the first-line drug for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity,\
\ as of 2020?\n(A) Acarbose (B) Metformin (C) Sulphonylureas (D) Insulin\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help. Metformin\
\ (Fortamet, Glumetza, or others) is usually the first medication prescribed for\
\ type 2 diabetes, as well as obesity. It works by lowering glucose production in\
\ the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin. The answer is (B).\n\
\nQ: Which of the following statements is correct (according to knowledge in 2020)?\n\
(A) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener aspartame\
\ (B) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the sweetener\
\ saccharin (C) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption of the\
\ sweetener sucralose (D) Consumers with phenylketonuria must avoid the consumption\
\ of the sweetener acesulfame K\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on nutrition for help. People with phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot break\
\ down the amino acid phenylalanine. As it builds up in the blood and brain it can\
\ lead to brain damage. People with PKU should avoid foods that are converted to\
\ phenylalanine in the body, such as aspartame. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Which of\
\ the following statements about iodine is correct, as of 2020?\n(A) 50% of adults\
\ consume iodine at levels below the RNI (B) Dairy products are a poor source of\
\ iodine (C) The iodine content of organic milk is generally lower that the level\
\ in non-organic milk (D) UK dietary reference values recommend an increase in iodine\
\ intake in pregnancy\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on nutrition for help. Organic milk usually has less iodine content than non-organic\
\ milk. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Which of the following is the most plausible explanation\
\ for the protective effect of dietary fibre against cancer of the colon, as of\
\ 2020?\n(A) Propionic acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation inhibits liver\
\ fatty acid synthesis (B) Butyric acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation\
\ stimulates \"silencing\" of the SLC5A8 tumour suppressor gene (C) None of these\
\ options are correct (D) Butyric acid, formed during colonic fibre fermentation\
\ stimulates anti-oxidant defences in the colon\nA: Let's think step by step. We\
\ refer to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help. Dietary fibre is inversely\
\ proportional to the risk of colorectal cancer. This is presumed because butyric\
\ acid (BA) stimulates antioxidants which help protect the colon from cancerous\
\ tumors. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: In a cohort study, the risk ratio of developing\
\ diabetes was 0.86 when comparing consumers of tea (the exposed) to those who did\
\ not drink tea (the unexposed). Which one statement is correct (according to knowledge\
\ in 2020)?\n(A) The tea drinkers have lower risk of developing diabetes. (B) The\
\ tea drinkers have higher risk of developing diabetes. (C) Based on the information\
\ given we cannot tell if the observed difference in disease risk is the result\
\ of chance. (D) The risk ratio is close to the value one, so there is no difference\
\ in disease risk between the two groups.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer\
\ to Wikipedia articles on nutrition for help. The risk ratio is not sufficiently\
\ reduced that it could not be explained by random chance given the studies sample\
\ size. The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_nutrition"
dataset_name: philosophy
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about philosophy.\n\
"dataset_name": "philosophy"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about philosophy.\n\
\nQ: The study of reality in the broadest sense, an inquiry into the elemental nature\
\ of the universe and the things in it, is known as _____.\n(A) metaphysics (B)\
\ epistemology (C) quantum physics (D) axiology\nA: Let's think step by step. We\
\ refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help. Among the options, only metaphysics\
\ studies the nature of reality and existence. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: According\
\ to Moore\u2019s \u201Cideal utilitarianism,\u201D the right action is the one\
\ that brings about the greatest amount of:\n(A) pleasure. (B) happiness. (C) good.\
\ (D) virtue.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy\
\ for help. Moore's \"ideal utilitarianism\" states that one's actions should maximize\
\ intrinsic goods. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Before Tolstoy's Christian conversion,\
\ what was his perspective on the meaning of life?\n(A) optimist (B) satisfied (C)\
\ nominally religious (D) pessimist\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on philosophy for help. Before his conversion, Tolstoy feels that life\
\ was uncertain, which is a pessimist's point of view. The answer is (D).\n\nQ:\
\ According to d'Holbach, people always act according to _____.\n(A) free choices\
\ (B) dictates of the soul (C) necessary natural laws (D) undetermined will\nA:\
\ Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help.\
\ d'Holbach believes that people act according to necessary laws, and it proves\
\ nothing about people's free will. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Psychological egoism\
\ is:\n(A) an ethical theory about how we ought to behave. (B) a generalization\
\ concerning the way people tend to behave. (C) a claim about human nature and the\
\ ways people are capable of behaving. (D) none of the above.\nA: Let's think step\
\ by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help. Psychological\
\ egoism suggests that one behaves based on what makes one feels good, hence it\
\ is a claim about human nature and how humans are capable of behaving. The answer\
\ is (C)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_philosophy
\ to Moore’s ideal utilitarianism, the right action is the one that brings about\
\ the greatest amount of:\n(A) pleasure. (B) happiness. (C) good. (D) virtue.\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help.\
\ Moore's \"ideal utilitarianism\" states that one's actions should maximize intrinsic\
\ goods. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Before Tolstoy's Christian conversion, what was\
\ his perspective on the meaning of life?\n(A) optimist (B) satisfied (C) nominally\
\ religious (D) pessimist\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on philosophy for help. Before his conversion, Tolstoy feels that life was uncertain,\
\ which is a pessimist's point of view. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: According to d'Holbach,\
\ people always act according to _____.\n(A) free choices (B) dictates of the soul\
\ (C) necessary natural laws (D) undetermined will\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help. d'Holbach believes that\
\ people act according to necessary laws, and it proves nothing about people's free\
\ will. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Psychological egoism is:\n(A) an ethical theory\
\ about how we ought to behave. (B) a generalization concerning the way people tend\
\ to behave. (C) a claim about human nature and the ways people are capable of behaving.\
\ (D) none of the above.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles\
\ on philosophy for help. Psychological egoism suggests that one behaves based on\
\ what makes one feels good, hence it is a claim about human nature and how humans\
\ are capable of behaving. The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_philosophy"
dataset_name: prehistory
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about prehistory.
Q: What is the approximate mean cranial capacity of Homo erectus?
(A) under 650 cc (B) about 800 cc (C) just under 1000 cc (D) 1200 cc
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.
The average cranium capacity of Homo erectus is less than 1000 cubic cm. The answer
is (C).
Q: According to Timothy Pauketat, the evidence for social stratification and political
power at Cahokia suggests:
(A) a center of Mississippian civilization with conditions similar to the rise of
early states. (B) the limitations of authority in a Native American society of egalitarian
foragers. (C) a simple chiefdom or perhaps a complex chiefdom had evolved by A.D.
1500. (D) a center of Mississippian civilization with conditions similar to societies
on the Northwest Coast of North America.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.
Timothy Pauketat is known for his research on Cahokia, the center of the Mississippian
culture, where he found similar conditions to the rise of early states. The answer
is (A).
Q: Recent research on hominid species dating from the Middle Pliocene indicates
there was (as of 2020):
(A) a great amount of species diversity, or a single species that exhibited a lot
of diversity. (B) very little species diversity during this period and very few
hominids. (C) decreased species diversity due to a prolonged ice age followed by
a severe drought. (D) decreased species diversity but increased numbers of hammerstones
and flakes, indicating stone tool manufacture.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.
Recent research has recognized multiple hominid species from the Middle Pliocene,
meaning that there is a great amount of species diversity or diversity in a single
species. The answer is (A).
Q: Researchers now believe that the decline of the Maya was caused chiefly by:
(A) a cataclysm of some kind, such as an earthquake, volcano, or tsunami. (B) ecological
degradation resulting from slash-and-burn farming techniques. (C) endless wars between
neighboring Mayan city-states. (D) practices of interbreeding that led to a steep
rise in congenital disorders.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.
Researchers believe that the Maya collapse was mainly caused by over-exploitation
of natural resources like the slash-and-burn farming techniques. The answer is (B).
Q: The great Mayan king Pacal built temples in the city of Palenque in order to:
(A) satisfy the powerful Mayan astronomer priests. (B) display his generosity to
the common people, since they were allowed to live in the temples. (C) frighten
away enemies, in particular the Spaniards. (D) legitimize his kingship, since his
father was not royal.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.
Pacal built the temples as the funerary monument to legitimize his kingship. The
answer is (D).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_prehistory
"dataset_name": "prehistory"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about prehistory.\n\
\nQ: What is the approximate mean cranial capacity of Homo erectus?\n(A) under 650\
\ cc (B) about 800 cc (C) just under 1000 cc (D) 1200 cc\nA: Let's think step by\
\ step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help. The average cranium\
\ capacity of Homo erectus is less than 1000 cubic cm. The answer is (C).\n\nQ:\
\ According to Timothy Pauketat, the evidence for social stratification and political\
\ power at Cahokia suggests:\n(A) a center of Mississippian civilization with conditions\
\ similar to the rise of early states. (B) the limitations of authority in a Native\
\ American society of egalitarian foragers. (C) a simple chiefdom or perhaps a complex\
\ chiefdom had evolved by A.D. 1500. (D) a center of Mississippian civilization\
\ with conditions similar to societies on the Northwest Coast of North America.\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.\
\ Timothy Pauketat is known for his research on Cahokia, the center of the Mississippian\
\ culture, where he found similar conditions to the rise of early states. The answer\
\ is (A).\n\nQ: Recent research on hominid species dating from the Middle Pliocene\
\ indicates there was (as of 2020):\n(A) a great amount of species diversity, or\
\ a single species that exhibited a lot of diversity. (B) very little species diversity\
\ during this period and very few hominids. (C) decreased species diversity due\
\ to a prolonged ice age followed by a severe drought. (D) decreased species diversity\
\ but increased numbers of hammerstones and flakes, indicating stone tool manufacture.\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.\
\ Recent research has recognized multiple hominid species from the Middle Pliocene,\
\ meaning that there is a great amount of species diversity or diversity in a single\
\ species. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Researchers now believe that the decline of\
\ the Maya was caused chiefly by:\n(A) a cataclysm of some kind, such as an earthquake,\
\ volcano, or tsunami. (B) ecological degradation resulting from slash-and-burn\
\ farming techniques. (C) endless wars between neighboring Mayan city-states. (D)\
\ practices of interbreeding that led to a steep rise in congenital disorders.\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on prehistory for help.\
\ Researchers believe that the Maya collapse was mainly caused by over-exploitation\
\ of natural resources like the slash-and-burn farming techniques. The answer is\
\ (B).\n\nQ: The great Mayan king Pacal built temples in the city of Palenque in\
\ order to:\n(A) satisfy the powerful Mayan astronomer priests. (B) display his\
\ generosity to the common people, since they were allowed to live in the temples.\
\ (C) frighten away enemies, in particular the Spaniards. (D) legitimize his kingship,\
\ since his father was not royal.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on prehistory for help. Pacal built the temples as the funerary monument\
\ to legitimize his kingship. The answer is (D)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_prehistory"
dataset_name: professional_accounting
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
\ accounting.\n\nQ: An auditor traces the serial numbers on equipment to a nonissuer\u2019\
s subledger. Which of the following management assertions is supported by this test?\n\
"dataset_name": "professional_accounting"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
\ accounting.\n\nQ: An auditor traces the serial numbers on equipment to a nonissuer’s\
\ subledger. Which of the following management assertions is supported by this test?\n\
(A) Valuation and allocation (B) Completeness (C) Rights and obligations (D) Presentation\
\ and disclosure\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on\
\ accounting for help. The completeness assertion is tested by tracing supporting\
......@@ -43,5 +43,6 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about p
\ transactions, only Proceeds from long-term debt belongs to the financing activities\
\ section of cashflow, hence the amount reported should be $100000. The answer is\
\ (D)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_accounting
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_accounting"
dataset_name: professional_law
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
"dataset_name": "professional_law"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
\ law.\n\nQ: A son owed a creditor $5,000. The son's father contacted the creditor\
\ and told him that he wanted to pay the son's debt. The father signed a document\
\ that stated the father would pay the son's debt at a rate of $500 a month for\
......@@ -101,5 +101,6 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about p
\ Amendment further supports the First Amendment by establishing a due process clause.\
\ Hence the strongest argument should be the statute is overbroad and consequently\
\ invalid under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. The answer is (D)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_law
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_humanities"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_law"
dataset_name: professional_medicine
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
"dataset_name": "professional_medicine"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
\ medicine.\n\nQ: A 22-year-old male marathon runner presents to the office with\
\ the complaint of right-sided rib pain when he runs long distances. Physical examination\
\ reveals normal heart and lung findings and an exhalation dysfunction at ribs\_\
4-5 on the right. Which of the following muscles or muscle groups will be most useful\
\ reveals normal heart and lung findings and an exhalation dysfunction at ribs 4-5\
\ on the right. Which of the following muscles or muscle groups will be most useful\
\ in correcting this dysfunction utilizing a direct method?\n(A) anterior scalene\
\ (B) latissimus dorsi (C) pectoralis minor (D) quadratus lumborum\nA: Let's think\
\ step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medicine for help. Among the options,\
\ only pectoralis minor muscle origins from the outer surfaces of the 3rd to 5th\
\ ribs. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: A 36-year-old male presents to the office with\
\ a\_3-week\_history of low back pain. He denies any recent trauma but says that\
\ he climbs in and out of his truck numerous times a day for his job. Examination\
\ of the patient in the prone position reveals a deep sacral sulcus on the left,\
\ a posterior inferior lateral angle on the right, and a lumbosacral junction that\
\ a 3-week history of low back pain. He denies any recent trauma but says that he\
\ climbs in and out of his truck numerous times a day for his job. Examination of\
\ the patient in the prone position reveals a deep sacral sulcus on the left, a\
\ posterior inferior lateral angle on the right, and a lumbosacral junction that\
\ springs freely on compression. The most likely diagnosis is\n(A) left-on-left\
\ sacral torsion (B) left-on-right sacral torsion (C) right unilateral sacral flexion\
\ (D) right-on-right sacral torsion\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
......@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about p
\ nonproductive cough, runny nose, and frontal headache. He says the headache is\
\ worse in the morning and ibuprofen does provide some relief. He has not had shortness\
\ of breath. Medical history is unremarkable. He takes no medications other than\
\ the ibuprofen for pain. Vital signs are temperature 37.4\xB0C (99.4\xB0F), pulse\
\ 88/min, respirations 18/min, and blood pressure 120/84 mm Hg. Examination of the\
\ nares shows erythematous mucous membranes. Examination of the throat shows erythema\
\ the ibuprofen for pain. Vital signs are temperature 37.4°C (99.4°F), pulse 88/min,\
\ respirations 18/min, and blood pressure 120/84 mm Hg. Examination of the nares\
\ shows erythematous mucous membranes. Examination of the throat shows erythema\
\ and follicular lymphoid hyperplasia on the posterior oropharynx. There is no palpable\
\ cervical adenopathy. Lungs are clear to auscultation. Which of the following is\
\ the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?\n(A) Allergic rhinitis (B) Epstein-Barr\
......@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about p
\ A follow-up visit in the office 2 weeks ago disclosed elevated urinary normetanephrine\
\ and metanephrine and plasma aldosterone concentrations. The patient was referred\
\ to a surgeon, who recommended the adrenalectomy. Today, vital signs are temperature\
\ 36.6\xB0C (97.9\xB0F), pulse 100/min, respirations 14/min, and blood pressure\
\ 170/95 mm Hg. Physical examination discloses no significant findings. Initial\
\ preoperative preparation should include treatment with which of the following?\n\
(A) Labetalol (B) A loading dose of potassium chloride (C) Nifedipine (D) Phenoxybenzamine\n\
\ 36.6°C (97.9°F), pulse 100/min, respirations 14/min, and blood pressure 170/95\
\ mm Hg. Physical examination discloses no significant findings. Initial preoperative\
\ preparation should include treatment with which of the following?\n(A) Labetalol\
\ (B) A loading dose of potassium chloride (C) Nifedipine (D) Phenoxybenzamine\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on medicine for help.\
\ The symptoms and the adrenal mass suggested pheochromocytoma, and the blood pressure\
\ indicates hypertension. Phenoxybenzamine is used to treat hypertension caused\
\ by pheochromocytoma. The answer is (D)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_medicine
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_other"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_medicine"
dataset_name: professional_psychology
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
"dataset_name": "professional_psychology"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about professional\
\ psychology.\n\nQ: In the construction of a multiple regression equation for purposes\
\ of prediction, the optimal combination of measures is one in which the predictors\n\
(A) are uncorrelated with each other but are moderately correlated with the criterion\
......@@ -18,30 +18,31 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about p
\ step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on psychology for help. The definition\
\ of mode is the most frequently occurring number. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: Carl\
\ Jung believed that a client's transference:\n(A) is a fantasy that distracts the\
\ client from reality. (B) represents \u201Cmixed feelings\u201D toward the therapist.\
\ (C) \"is a form of \"\"acting out.\"\"\" (D) reflects the client\u2019s personal\
\ and collective unconscious.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on psychology for help. Transference is a phenomenon that a person's\
\ feelings are unconsciously redirected, so it reflects the client's personal and\
\ collective unconscious. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: In terms of Hofstede\u2019s (1980)\
\ five cultural dimensions, the United States scores at the top of the scale on:\n\
(A) individualism. (B) individualism and power distance. (C) power distance and\
\ masculinity. (D) uncertainty avoidance.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer\
\ to Wikipedia articles on psychology for help. US scores highest on individualism\
\ among the five cultural dimensions. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: One of your therapy\
\ clients asks your advice about a good weight- reduction program. You have investigated\
\ the programs in the community and are enrolled in the one you consider the best.\
\ This program offers a $50 bonus to its patrons for each new person they bring\
\ into the program. Under these circumstances, your most appropriate response would\
\ be to\n(A) tell your client the pros and cons of each program you know about except\
\ for the one in which you are enrolled (B) recommend to your client the program\
\ in which you are enrolled and explain the $50 bonus you will receive (C) recommend\
\ to your client the program in which you are enrolled and offer to have the $50\
\ bonus credited to your client's account in the program (D) tell your client the\
\ pros and cons of each program you know about, but do not claim the $50 bonus if\
\ your client enrolls in your program\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to\
\ Wikipedia articles on psychology for help. Based on the circumstances, you should\
\ tell your client about the pros and cons of each program, but it would be inappropriate\
\ to receive the bonus, so you should not claim the $50 bonus. The answer is (D)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_psychology
\ client from reality. (B) represents “mixed feelings” toward the therapist. (C)\
\ \"is a form of \"\"acting out.\"\"\" (D) reflects the client’s personal and collective\
\ unconscious.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on psychology\
\ for help. Transference is a phenomenon that a person's feelings are unconsciously\
\ redirected, so it reflects the client's personal and collective unconscious. The\
\ answer is (D).\n\nQ: In terms of Hofstede’s (1980) five cultural dimensions, the\
\ United States scores at the top of the scale on:\n(A) individualism. (B) individualism\
\ and power distance. (C) power distance and masculinity. (D) uncertainty avoidance.\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on psychology for help.\
\ US scores highest on individualism among the five cultural dimensions. The answer\
\ is (A).\n\nQ: One of your therapy clients asks your advice about a good weight-\
\ reduction program. You have investigated the programs in the community and are\
\ enrolled in the one you consider the best. This program offers a $50 bonus to\
\ its patrons for each new person they bring into the program. Under these circumstances,\
\ your most appropriate response would be to\n(A) tell your client the pros and\
\ cons of each program you know about except for the one in which you are enrolled\
\ (B) recommend to your client the program in which you are enrolled and explain\
\ the $50 bonus you will receive (C) recommend to your client the program in which\
\ you are enrolled and offer to have the $50 bonus credited to your client's account\
\ in the program (D) tell your client the pros and cons of each program you know\
\ about, but do not claim the $50 bonus if your client enrolls in your program\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on psychology for help.\
\ Based on the circumstances, you should tell your client about the pros and cons\
\ of each program, but it would be inappropriate to receive the bonus, so you should\
\ not claim the $50 bonus. The answer is (D)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_social_sciences"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_professional_psychology"
dataset_name: public_relations
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about public
relations.
Q: Earth Hour was a campaign launched by which organization?
(A) Greenpeace (B) The UN (C) Oxfam (D) World Wildlife Fund
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations
for help. Earth Hour is a worldwide movement oragnized launched by the World Wildlife
Fund. The answer is (D).
Q: In issues management, what is the most proactive approach to addressing negative
or misleading information posted online about your organization?
(A) Buy domain names that could be used by opposition groups. (B) Post anonymous
comments on blogs to combat this information. (C) Prepare a news release that discredits
the inaccurate information. (D) Make policy changes to address complaints highlighted
on these sites.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations
for help. In issues management, the most proactive approach to addressing negative
or misleading information posted online is to make policy changes to address complaints
highlighted on those sites. The answer is (D).
Q: At which stage in the planning process would a situation analysis be carried
out?
(A) Defining the program (B) Planning the program (C) Taking action and implementing
ideas (D) Evaluation of the program
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations
for help. Situation analyses are typically carried out during the planning process
stage of defining the program. The answer is (A).
Q: Which of these statements is true of the Vatican in 2010 at the time of the accusations
of child abuse cover-ups?
(A) There was a coordinated media response. (B) Consistent messages were communicated.
(C) Criticisms were taken as attacks on the Catholic Church. (D) The credibility
of the Vatican was upheld.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations
for help. In 2010 when there were accusations of child abuse cover-ups, the Vatican
took those criticisms as attacks on the Catholic Church. The answer is (C).
Q: What should a public relations media practitioner do if she does not know the
answer to a reporter''s question?
(A) Give the reporter other information she is certain is correct. (B) Say that
the information is ''off the record'' and will be disseminated later. (C) Say ''I
don''t know'' and promise to provide the information later. (D) Say ''no comment,''
rather than appear uninformed.
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations
for help. If a public relations media practitioner does not know the answer to a
reporter''s question, they should say ''I don''t know'' and offer to provide the
information later. The answer is (C).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_public_relations
"dataset_name": "public_relations"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about public\
\ relations.\n\nQ: Earth Hour was a campaign launched by which organization?\n(A)\
\ Greenpeace (B) The UN (C) Oxfam (D) World Wildlife Fund\nA: Let's think step by\
\ step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations for help. Earth Hour\
\ is a worldwide movement oragnized launched by the World Wildlife Fund. The answer\
\ is (D).\n\nQ: In issues management, what is the most proactive approach to addressing\
\ negative or misleading information posted online about your organization?\n(A)\
\ Buy domain names that could be used by opposition groups. (B) Post anonymous comments\
\ on blogs to combat this information. (C) Prepare a news release that discredits\
\ the inaccurate information. (D) Make policy changes to address complaints highlighted\
\ on these sites.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on\
\ public relations for help. In issues management, the most proactive approach to\
\ addressing negative or misleading information posted online is to make policy\
\ changes to address complaints highlighted on those sites. The answer is (D).\n\
\nQ: At which stage in the planning process would a situation analysis be carried\
\ out?\n(A) Defining the program (B) Planning the program (C) Taking action and\
\ implementing ideas (D) Evaluation of the program\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations for help. Situation analyses\
\ are typically carried out during the planning process stage of defining the program.\
\ The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Which of these statements is true of the Vatican in 2010\
\ at the time of the accusations of child abuse cover-ups?\n(A) There was a coordinated\
\ media response. (B) Consistent messages were communicated. (C) Criticisms were\
\ taken as attacks on the Catholic Church. (D) The credibility of the Vatican was\
\ upheld.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public\
\ relations for help. In 2010 when there were accusations of child abuse cover-ups,\
\ the Vatican took those criticisms as attacks on the Catholic Church. The answer\
\ is (C).\n\nQ: What should a public relations media practitioner do if she does\
\ not know the answer to a reporter's question?\n(A) Give the reporter other information\
\ she is certain is correct. (B) Say that the information is 'off the record' and\
\ will be disseminated later. (C) Say 'I don't know' and promise to provide the\
\ information later. (D) Say 'no comment,' rather than appear uninformed.\nA: Let's\
\ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on public relations for help.\
\ If a public relations media practitioner does not know the answer to a reporter's\
\ question, they should say 'I don't know' and offer to provide the information\
\ later. The answer is (C)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_social_sciences"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_public_relations"
dataset_name: security_studies
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about security\
"dataset_name": "security_studies"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about security\
\ studies.\n\nQ: What are the frameworks of analysis within which terrorism has\
\ been considered (as of 2020)?\n(A) Competition between larger nations has resulted\
\ in some countries actively supporting terrorist groups to undermine the strength\
......@@ -81,5 +81,6 @@ description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about s
\ for negotiation or concession.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
\ articles on security studies for help. Coercive diplomacy uses the threat of force\
\ to induce the opponent to comply with demands. The answer is (B)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_security_studies
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_social_sciences"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_security_studies"
dataset_name: sociology
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about sociology.
Q: Which of the following is not a problem associated with official statistics on
strike action?
(A) most strikes go unnoticed by employers and the mass media (B) not all industrial
disputes will be reported by the employer (C) the definition of strikes excludes
those that involve fewer than ten workers or last less than one day (D) it is hard
to compare strikes that were measured in different ways
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.
Official statistics on strike action can be problematic because not all industrial
disputes will be reported by employers, the definition of strikes excludes those
that involves fewer than ten workers or last less than one day, and it is hard to
compare strikes that were measured in different ways. Thus, (A) is not a problem
associated with official statistics on strike action. The answer is (A).
Q: What does Berger (1963) describe as a metaphor for social reality?
(A) a fairground ride (B) a circus (C) a puppet theatre (D) a ballet
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.
Berger describes social reality using the metaphor of a puppet theatre. The answer
is (C).
Q: The term ''hegemony'' refers to:
(A) the tendency for the working class not to realize their own interests (B) a
dominant ideology that legitimates economic, political and cultural power (C) a
form of dual consciousness based on ideology and everyday experiences (D) a mode
of payment given for outstanding topiary
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.
Hegemony refers to a dominant ideology that legitimates economic, policital, and
cultural power. The answer is (B).
Q: The shift from ''civil religion'' to ''common religion'' means that:
(A) the increasing bureaucracy of the state has made religion only a marginal part
of our lives (B) despite the weakening of traditional authority, our everyday lives
and ''common sense'' remain shaped by religious beliefs and values (C) religious
participation in collective worship may have declined, but people still practise
their faiths in private (D) people are much more likely to discuss their religious
beliefs in public, informal settings
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.
The shift from civil religion to common religion means that despite the weakening
of traditional authority, our everyday lives and common sense remain shaped by religious
beliefs and values. The answer is (B).
Q: Which of the following did the post-war welfare state of 1948 not aim to provide:
(A) free health care and education for all (B) a minimum wage (C) full employment
(D) universal welfare
A: Let''s think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.
The post-war welfare state of 1948 aimed to provide free healthcare and education,
full employment, and universal welfare. But it did not aim to provide a minimum
wage. The answer is (B).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_sociology
"dataset_name": "sociology"
"description": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about sociology.\n\
\nQ: Which of the following is not a problem associated with official statistics\
\ on strike action?\n(A) most strikes go unnoticed by employers and the mass media\
\ (B) not all industrial disputes will be reported by the employer (C) the definition\
\ of strikes excludes those that involve fewer than ten workers or last less than\
\ one day (D) it is hard to compare strikes that were measured in different ways\n\
A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help.\
\ Official statistics on strike action can be problematic because not all industrial\
\ disputes will be reported by employers, the definition of strikes excludes those\
\ that involves fewer than ten workers or last less than one day, and it is hard\
\ to compare strikes that were measured in different ways. Thus, (A) is not a problem\
\ associated with official statistics on strike action. The answer is (A).\n\nQ:\
\ What does Berger (1963) describe as a metaphor for social reality?\n(A) a fairground\
\ ride (B) a circus (C) a puppet theatre (D) a ballet\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help. Berger describes social\
\ reality using the metaphor of a puppet theatre. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: The term\
\ 'hegemony' refers to:\n(A) the tendency for the working class not to realize their\
\ own interests (B) a dominant ideology that legitimates economic, political and\
\ cultural power (C) a form of dual consciousness based on ideology and everyday\
\ experiences (D) a mode of payment given for outstanding topiary\nA: Let's think\
\ step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help. Hegemony refers\
\ to a dominant ideology that legitimates economic, policital, and cultural power.\
\ The answer is (B).\n\nQ: The shift from 'civil religion' to 'common religion'\
\ means that:\n(A) the increasing bureaucracy of the state has made religion only\
\ a marginal part of our lives (B) despite the weakening of traditional authority,\
\ our everyday lives and 'common sense' remain shaped by religious beliefs and values\
\ (C) religious participation in collective worship may have declined, but people\
\ still practise their faiths in private (D) people are much more likely to discuss\
\ their religious beliefs in public, informal settings\nA: Let's think step by step.\
\ We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help. The shift from civil religion\
\ to common religion means that despite the weakening of traditional authority,\
\ our everyday lives and common sense remain shaped by religious beliefs and values.\
\ The answer is (B).\n\nQ: Which of the following did the post-war welfare state\
\ of 1948 not aim to provide:\n(A) free health care and education for all (B) a\
\ minimum wage (C) full employment (D) universal welfare\nA: Let's think step by\
\ step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on sociology for help. The post-war welfare\
\ state of 1948 aimed to provide free healthcare and education, full employment,\
\ and universal welfare. But it did not aim to provide a minimum wage. The answer\
\ is (B)."
"group": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_social_sciences"
"include": "_mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml"
"task": "mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_sociology"
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