test_modeling_gpt2.py

# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.


import datetime
import gc
import math
import unittest

from transformers import GPT2Config, is_torch_available
from transformers.testing_utils import backend_empty_cache, require_torch, slow, torch_device

from ...generation.test_utils import GenerationTesterMixin
from ...test_configuration_common import ConfigTester
from ...test_modeling_common import ModelTesterMixin, floats_tensor, ids_tensor, random_attention_mask
from ...test_pipeline_mixin import PipelineTesterMixin


if is_torch_available():
    import torch

    from transformers import (
        GPT2DoubleHeadsModel,
        GPT2ForQuestionAnswering,
        GPT2ForSequenceClassification,
        GPT2ForTokenClassification,
        GPT2LMHeadModel,
        GPT2Model,
        GPT2Tokenizer,
    )


class GPT2ModelTester:
    def __init__(
        self,
        parent,
        batch_size=14,
        seq_length=7,
        is_training=True,
        use_token_type_ids=True,
        use_input_mask=True,
        use_labels=True,
        use_mc_token_ids=True,
        vocab_size=99,
        hidden_size=32,
        num_hidden_layers=2,
        num_attention_heads=4,
        intermediate_size=37,
        hidden_act="gelu",
        hidden_dropout_prob=0.1,
        attention_probs_dropout_prob=0.1,
        max_position_embeddings=512,
        type_vocab_size=16,
        type_sequence_label_size=2,
        initializer_range=0.02,
        num_labels=3,
        num_choices=4,
        scope=None,
    ):
        self.parent = parent
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.seq_length = seq_length
        self.is_training = is_training
        self.use_token_type_ids = use_token_type_ids
        self.use_input_mask = use_input_mask
        self.use_labels = use_labels
        self.use_mc_token_ids = use_mc_token_ids
        self.vocab_size = vocab_size
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.num_hidden_layers = num_hidden_layers
        self.num_attention_heads = num_attention_heads
        self.intermediate_size = intermediate_size
        self.hidden_act = hidden_act
        self.hidden_dropout_prob = hidden_dropout_prob
        self.attention_probs_dropout_prob = attention_probs_dropout_prob
        self.max_position_embeddings = max_position_embeddings
        self.type_vocab_size = type_vocab_size
        self.type_sequence_label_size = type_sequence_label_size
        self.initializer_range = initializer_range
        self.num_labels = num_labels
        self.num_choices = num_choices
        self.scope = None
        self.bos_token_id = vocab_size - 1
        self.eos_token_id = vocab_size - 1
        self.pad_token_id = vocab_size - 1

    def get_large_model_config(self):
        return GPT2Config.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")

    def prepare_config_and_inputs(
        self, gradient_checkpointing=False, scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=False, reorder_and_upcast_attn=False
    ):
        input_ids = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, self.seq_length], self.vocab_size)

        input_mask = None
        if self.use_input_mask:
            input_mask = random_attention_mask([self.batch_size, self.seq_length])

        token_type_ids = None
        if self.use_token_type_ids:
            token_type_ids = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, self.seq_length], self.type_vocab_size)

        mc_token_ids = None
        if self.use_mc_token_ids:
            mc_token_ids = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, self.num_choices], self.seq_length)

        sequence_labels = None
        token_labels = None
        choice_labels = None
        if self.use_labels:
            sequence_labels = ids_tensor([self.batch_size], self.type_sequence_label_size)
            token_labels = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, self.seq_length], self.num_labels)
            choice_labels = ids_tensor([self.batch_size], self.num_choices)

        config = self.get_config(
            gradient_checkpointing=gradient_checkpointing,
            scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx,
            reorder_and_upcast_attn=reorder_and_upcast_attn,
        )

        head_mask = ids_tensor([self.num_hidden_layers, self.num_attention_heads], 2)

        return (
            config,
            input_ids,
            input_mask,
            head_mask,
            token_type_ids,
            mc_token_ids,
            sequence_labels,
            token_labels,
            choice_labels,
        )

    def get_config(
        self, gradient_checkpointing=False, scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=False, reorder_and_upcast_attn=False
    ):
        return GPT2Config(
            vocab_size=self.vocab_size,
            n_embd=self.hidden_size,
            n_layer=self.num_hidden_layers,
            n_head=self.num_attention_heads,
            n_inner=self.intermediate_size,
            activation_function=self.hidden_act,
            resid_pdrop=self.hidden_dropout_prob,
            attn_pdrop=self.attention_probs_dropout_prob,
            n_positions=self.max_position_embeddings,
            type_vocab_size=self.type_vocab_size,
            initializer_range=self.initializer_range,
            use_cache=True,
            bos_token_id=self.bos_token_id,
            eos_token_id=self.eos_token_id,
            pad_token_id=self.pad_token_id,
            gradient_checkpointing=gradient_checkpointing,
            scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx,
            reorder_and_upcast_attn=reorder_and_upcast_attn,
        )

    def get_pipeline_config(self):
        config = self.get_config()
        config.vocab_size = 300
        return config

    def prepare_config_and_inputs_for_decoder(self):
        (
            config,
            input_ids,
            input_mask,
            head_mask,
            token_type_ids,
            mc_token_ids,
            sequence_labels,
            token_labels,
            choice_labels,
        ) = self.prepare_config_and_inputs()

        encoder_hidden_states = floats_tensor([self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.hidden_size])
        encoder_attention_mask = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, self.seq_length], vocab_size=2)

        return (
            config,
            input_ids,
            input_mask,
            head_mask,
            token_type_ids,
            sequence_labels,
            token_labels,
            choice_labels,
            encoder_hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask,
        )

    def create_and_check_gpt2_model(self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args):
        model = GPT2Model(config=config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        result = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, head_mask=head_mask)
        result = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids)
        result = model(input_ids)

        self.parent.assertEqual(result.last_hidden_state.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.hidden_size))
        self.parent.assertEqual(len(result.past_key_values), config.n_layer)

    def create_and_check_gpt2_model_past(self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args):
        model = GPT2Model(config=config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        # first forward pass
        outputs = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, use_cache=True)
        outputs_use_cache_conf = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids)
        outputs_no_past = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, use_cache=False)

        self.parent.assertTrue(len(outputs) == len(outputs_use_cache_conf))
        self.parent.assertTrue(len(outputs) == len(outputs_no_past) + 1)

        output, past = outputs.to_tuple()

        # create hypothetical next token and extent to next_input_ids
        next_tokens = ids_tensor((self.batch_size, 1), config.vocab_size)
        next_token_types = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, 1], self.type_vocab_size)

        # append to next input_ids and token_type_ids
        next_input_ids = torch.cat([input_ids, next_tokens], dim=-1)
        next_token_type_ids = torch.cat([token_type_ids, next_token_types], dim=-1)

        output_from_no_past = model(next_input_ids, token_type_ids=next_token_type_ids)["last_hidden_state"]
        output_from_past = model(next_tokens, token_type_ids=next_token_types, past_key_values=past)[
            "last_hidden_state"
        ]

        # select random slice
        random_slice_idx = ids_tensor((1,), output_from_past.shape[-1]).item()
        output_from_no_past_slice = output_from_no_past[:, -1, random_slice_idx].detach()
        output_from_past_slice = output_from_past[:, 0, random_slice_idx].detach()

        # test that outputs are equal for slice
        self.parent.assertTrue(torch.allclose(output_from_past_slice, output_from_no_past_slice, atol=1e-3))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_model_attention_mask_past(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args
    ):
        model = GPT2Model(config=config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        # create attention mask
        attn_mask = torch.ones(input_ids.shape, dtype=torch.long, device=torch_device)
        half_seq_length = self.seq_length // 2
        attn_mask[:, half_seq_length:] = 0

        # first forward pass
        output, past = model(input_ids, attention_mask=attn_mask).to_tuple()

        # create hypothetical next token and extent to next_input_ids
        next_tokens = ids_tensor((self.batch_size, 1), config.vocab_size)

        # change a random masked slice from input_ids
        random_seq_idx_to_change = ids_tensor((1,), half_seq_length).item() + 1
        random_other_next_tokens = ids_tensor((self.batch_size, 1), config.vocab_size).squeeze(-1)
        input_ids[:, -random_seq_idx_to_change] = random_other_next_tokens

        # append to next input_ids and attn_mask
        next_input_ids = torch.cat([input_ids, next_tokens], dim=-1)
        attn_mask = torch.cat(
            [attn_mask, torch.ones((attn_mask.shape[0], 1), dtype=torch.long, device=torch_device)],
            dim=1,
        )

        # get two different outputs
        output_from_no_past = model(next_input_ids, attention_mask=attn_mask)["last_hidden_state"]
        output_from_past = model(next_tokens, past_key_values=past, attention_mask=attn_mask)["last_hidden_state"]

        # select random slice
        random_slice_idx = ids_tensor((1,), output_from_past.shape[-1]).item()
        output_from_no_past_slice = output_from_no_past[:, -1, random_slice_idx].detach()
        output_from_past_slice = output_from_past[:, 0, random_slice_idx].detach()

        # test that outputs are equal for slice
        self.parent.assertTrue(torch.allclose(output_from_past_slice, output_from_no_past_slice, atol=1e-3))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_model_past_large_inputs(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args
    ):
        model = GPT2Model(config=config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        # first forward pass
        outputs = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, attention_mask=input_mask, use_cache=True)

        output, past = outputs.to_tuple()

        # create hypothetical next token and extent to next_input_ids
        next_tokens = ids_tensor((self.batch_size, 3), config.vocab_size)
        next_token_types = ids_tensor([self.batch_size, 3], self.type_vocab_size)
        next_mask = ids_tensor((self.batch_size, 3), vocab_size=2)

        # append to next input_ids and token_type_ids
        next_input_ids = torch.cat([input_ids, next_tokens], dim=-1)
        next_token_type_ids = torch.cat([token_type_ids, next_token_types], dim=-1)
        next_attention_mask = torch.cat([input_mask, next_mask], dim=-1)

        output_from_no_past = model(
            next_input_ids, token_type_ids=next_token_type_ids, attention_mask=next_attention_mask
        )["last_hidden_state"]
        output_from_past = model(
            next_tokens, token_type_ids=next_token_types, attention_mask=next_attention_mask, past_key_values=past
        )["last_hidden_state"]
        self.parent.assertTrue(output_from_past.shape[1] == next_tokens.shape[1])

        # select random slice
        random_slice_idx = ids_tensor((1,), output_from_past.shape[-1]).item()
        output_from_no_past_slice = output_from_no_past[:, -3:, random_slice_idx].detach()
        output_from_past_slice = output_from_past[:, :, random_slice_idx].detach()

        # test that outputs are equal for slice
        self.parent.assertTrue(torch.allclose(output_from_past_slice, output_from_no_past_slice, atol=1e-3))

    def create_and_check_lm_head_model(self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args):
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        result = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, labels=input_ids)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.loss.shape, ())
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.vocab_size))

    def create_and_check_forward_and_backwards(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, *args, gradient_checkpointing=False
    ):
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        if gradient_checkpointing:
            model.gradient_checkpointing_enable()

        result = model(input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, labels=input_ids)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.loss.shape, ())
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.vocab_size))
        result.loss.backward()

    def create_and_check_double_lm_head_model(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, mc_token_ids, *args
    ):
        model = GPT2DoubleHeadsModel(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()

        multiple_choice_inputs_ids = input_ids.unsqueeze(1).expand(-1, self.num_choices, -1).contiguous()
        multiple_choice_input_mask = input_mask.unsqueeze(1).expand(-1, self.num_choices, -1).contiguous()
        multiple_choice_token_type_ids = token_type_ids.unsqueeze(1).expand(-1, self.num_choices, -1).contiguous()

        inputs = {
            "input_ids": multiple_choice_inputs_ids,
            "mc_token_ids": mc_token_ids,
            "attention_mask": multiple_choice_input_mask,
            "token_type_ids": multiple_choice_token_type_ids,
            "labels": multiple_choice_inputs_ids,
        }

        result = model(**inputs)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.loss.shape, ())
        self.parent.assertEqual(
            result.logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.num_choices, self.seq_length, self.vocab_size)
        )
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.mc_logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.num_choices))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_for_question_answering(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, mc_token_ids, sequence_labels, *args
    ):
        config.num_labels = self.num_labels
        model = GPT2ForQuestionAnswering(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()
        result = model(input_ids, attention_mask=input_mask, token_type_ids=token_type_ids)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.start_logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length))
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.end_logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_for_sequence_classification(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, mc_token_ids, sequence_labels, *args
    ):
        config.num_labels = self.num_labels
        model = GPT2ForSequenceClassification(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()
        result = model(input_ids, attention_mask=input_mask, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, labels=sequence_labels)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.num_labels))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_for_token_classification(
        self, config, input_ids, input_mask, head_mask, token_type_ids, mc_token_ids, sequence_labels, *args
    ):
        config.num_labels = self.num_labels
        model = GPT2ForTokenClassification(config)
        model.to(torch_device)
        model.eval()
        result = model(input_ids, attention_mask=input_mask, token_type_ids=token_type_ids)
        self.parent.assertEqual(result.logits.shape, (self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.num_labels))

    def create_and_check_gpt2_weight_initialization(self, config, *args):
        model = GPT2Model(config)
        model_std = model.config.initializer_range / math.sqrt(2 * model.config.n_layer)
        for key in model.state_dict().keys():
            if "c_proj" in key and "weight" in key:
                self.parent.assertLessEqual(abs(torch.std(model.state_dict()[key]) - model_std), 0.001)
                self.parent.assertLessEqual(abs(torch.mean(model.state_dict()[key]) - 0.0), 0.01)

    def prepare_config_and_inputs_for_common(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.prepare_config_and_inputs()

        (
            config,
            input_ids,
            input_mask,
            head_mask,
            token_type_ids,
            mc_token_ids,
            sequence_labels,
            token_labels,
            choice_labels,
        ) = config_and_inputs

        inputs_dict = {
            "input_ids": input_ids,
            "token_type_ids": token_type_ids,
            "head_mask": head_mask,
        }

        return config, inputs_dict


@require_torch
class GPT2ModelTest(ModelTesterMixin, GenerationTesterMixin, PipelineTesterMixin, unittest.TestCase):
    all_model_classes = (
        (
            GPT2Model,
            GPT2LMHeadModel,
            GPT2DoubleHeadsModel,
            GPT2ForQuestionAnswering,
            GPT2ForSequenceClassification,
            GPT2ForTokenClassification,
        )
        if is_torch_available()
        else ()
    )
    all_generative_model_classes = (GPT2LMHeadModel, GPT2DoubleHeadsModel) if is_torch_available() else ()
    pipeline_model_mapping = (
        {
            "feature-extraction": GPT2Model,
            "question-answering": GPT2ForQuestionAnswering,
            "text-classification": GPT2ForSequenceClassification,
            "text-generation": GPT2LMHeadModel,
            "token-classification": GPT2ForTokenClassification,
            "zero-shot": GPT2ForSequenceClassification,
        }
        if is_torch_available()
        else {}
    )
    all_parallelizable_model_classes = (GPT2LMHeadModel, GPT2DoubleHeadsModel) if is_torch_available() else ()
    fx_compatible = True
    test_missing_keys = False
    test_model_parallel = True

    # special case for DoubleHeads model
    def _prepare_for_class(self, inputs_dict, model_class, return_labels=False):
        inputs_dict = super()._prepare_for_class(inputs_dict, model_class, return_labels=return_labels)

        if return_labels:
            if model_class.__name__ == "GPT2DoubleHeadsModel":
                inputs_dict["labels"] = torch.zeros(
                    (self.model_tester.batch_size, self.model_tester.num_choices, self.model_tester.seq_length),
                    dtype=torch.long,
                    device=torch_device,
                )
                inputs_dict["input_ids"] = inputs_dict["labels"]
                inputs_dict["token_type_ids"] = inputs_dict["labels"]
                inputs_dict["mc_token_ids"] = torch.zeros(
                    (self.model_tester.batch_size, self.model_tester.num_choices),
                    dtype=torch.long,
                    device=torch_device,
                )
                inputs_dict["mc_labels"] = torch.zeros(
                    self.model_tester.batch_size, dtype=torch.long, device=torch_device
                )
        return inputs_dict

    def setUp(self):
        self.model_tester = GPT2ModelTester(self)
        self.config_tester = ConfigTester(self, config_class=GPT2Config, n_embd=37)

    def tearDown(self):
        super().tearDown()
        # clean-up as much as possible GPU memory occupied by PyTorch
        gc.collect()
        backend_empty_cache(torch_device)

    def test_config(self):
        self.config_tester.run_common_tests()

    def test_gpt2_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_model(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_model_past(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_model_past(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_model_att_mask_past(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_model_attention_mask_past(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_model_past_large_inputs(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_model_past_large_inputs(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_lm_head_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_lm_head_model(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_double_lm_head_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_double_lm_head_model(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_question_answering_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_for_question_answering(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_sequence_classification_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_for_sequence_classification(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_token_classification_model(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_for_token_classification(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_gradient_checkpointing(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_forward_and_backwards(*config_and_inputs, gradient_checkpointing=True)

    def test_gpt2_scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs(scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=True)
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_forward_and_backwards(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_reorder_and_upcast_attn(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs(reorder_and_upcast_attn=True)
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_forward_and_backwards(*config_and_inputs)

    def test_gpt2_weight_initialization(self):
        config_and_inputs = self.model_tester.prepare_config_and_inputs()
        self.model_tester.create_and_check_gpt2_weight_initialization(*config_and_inputs)

    @unittest.skip(
        reason="This architecure seem to not compute gradients properly when using GC, check: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/27124"
    )
    def test_training_gradient_checkpointing(self):
        pass

    @unittest.skip(
        reason="This architecure seem to not compute gradients properly when using GC, check: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/27124"
    )
    def test_training_gradient_checkpointing_use_reentrant(self):
        pass

    @unittest.skip(
        reason="This architecure seem to not compute gradients properly when using GC, check: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/27124"
    )
    def test_training_gradient_checkpointing_use_reentrant_false(self):
        pass

    @slow
    def test_batch_generation(self):
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model.to(torch_device)
        tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")

        tokenizer.padding_side = "left"

        # Define PAD Token = EOS Token = 50256
        tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.eos_token
        model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

        # use different length sentences to test batching
        sentences = [
            "Hello, my dog is a little",
            "Today, I",
        ]

        inputs = tokenizer(sentences, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
        input_ids = inputs["input_ids"].to(torch_device)
        token_type_ids = torch.cat(
            [
                input_ids.new_full((input_ids.shape[0], input_ids.shape[1] - 1), 0),
                input_ids.new_full((input_ids.shape[0], 1), 500),
            ],
            dim=-1,
        )

        outputs = model.generate(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=inputs["attention_mask"].to(torch_device),
        )

        outputs_tt = model.generate(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=inputs["attention_mask"].to(torch_device),
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
        )

        inputs_non_padded = tokenizer(sentences[0], return_tensors="pt").input_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_non_padded = model.generate(input_ids=inputs_non_padded)

        num_paddings = inputs_non_padded.shape[-1] - inputs["attention_mask"][-1].long().sum().cpu().item()
        inputs_padded = tokenizer(sentences[1], return_tensors="pt").input_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_padded = model.generate(input_ids=inputs_padded, max_length=model.config.max_length - num_paddings)

        batch_out_sentence = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)
        batch_out_sentence_tt = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs_tt, skip_special_tokens=True)
        non_padded_sentence = tokenizer.decode(output_non_padded[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
        padded_sentence = tokenizer.decode(output_padded[0], skip_special_tokens=True)

        expected_output_sentence = [
            "Hello, my dog is a little bit of a mess. I'm not sure if he's going",
            "Today, I'm going to be doing a lot of research on this. I",
        ]
        self.assertListEqual(expected_output_sentence, batch_out_sentence)
        self.assertTrue(batch_out_sentence_tt != batch_out_sentence)  # token_type_ids should change output
        self.assertListEqual(expected_output_sentence, [non_padded_sentence, padded_sentence])

    @slow
    def test_batch_generation_2heads(self):
        model = GPT2DoubleHeadsModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model.to(torch_device)
        tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")

        tokenizer.padding_side = "left"

        # This tokenizer has no pad token, so we have to set it in some way
        # Define PAD Token = EOS Token = 50256
        tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.eos_token
        model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

        # use different length sentences to test batching
        sentences = [
            "Hello, my dog is a little",
            "Today, I",
        ]

        inputs = tokenizer(sentences, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
        input_ids = inputs["input_ids"].to(torch_device)
        token_type_ids = torch.cat(
            [
                input_ids.new_full((input_ids.shape[0], input_ids.shape[1] - 1), 0),
                input_ids.new_full((input_ids.shape[0], 1), 500),
            ],
            dim=-1,
        )

        outputs = model.generate(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=inputs["attention_mask"].to(torch_device),
        )

        outputs_tt = model.generate(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=inputs["attention_mask"].to(torch_device),
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
        )

        inputs_non_padded = tokenizer(sentences[0], return_tensors="pt").input_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_non_padded = model.generate(input_ids=inputs_non_padded)

        num_paddings = inputs_non_padded.shape[-1] - inputs["attention_mask"][-1].long().sum().cpu().item()
        inputs_padded = tokenizer(sentences[1], return_tensors="pt").input_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_padded = model.generate(input_ids=inputs_padded, max_length=model.config.max_length - num_paddings)

        batch_out_sentence = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)
        batch_out_sentence_tt = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs_tt, skip_special_tokens=True)
        non_padded_sentence = tokenizer.decode(output_non_padded[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
        padded_sentence = tokenizer.decode(output_padded[0], skip_special_tokens=True)

        expected_output_sentence = [
            "Hello, my dog is a little bit of a mess. I'm not sure if he's going",
            "Today, I'm going to be doing a lot of research on this. I",
        ]
        self.assertListEqual(expected_output_sentence, batch_out_sentence)
        self.assertTrue(batch_out_sentence_tt != batch_out_sentence)  # token_type_ids should change output
        self.assertListEqual(expected_output_sentence, [non_padded_sentence, padded_sentence])

    @slow
    def test_model_from_pretrained(self):
        model_name = "openai-community/gpt2"
        model = GPT2Model.from_pretrained(model_name)
        self.assertIsNotNone(model)


@require_torch
class GPT2ModelLanguageGenerationTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def tearDown(self):
        super().tearDown()
        # clean-up as much as possible GPU memory occupied by PyTorch
        gc.collect()
        backend_empty_cache(torch_device)

    def _test_lm_generate_gpt2_helper(
        self,
        gradient_checkpointing=False,
        reorder_and_upcast_attn=False,
        scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=False,
        verify_outputs=True,
    ):
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained(
            "openai-community/gpt2",
            reorder_and_upcast_attn=reorder_and_upcast_attn,
            scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx,
        )
        if gradient_checkpointing:
            model.gradient_checkpointing_enable()
        else:
            model.gradient_checkpointing_disable()
        model.to(torch_device)

        # The dog
        input_ids = torch.tensor([[464, 3290]], dtype=torch.long, device=torch_device)

        # The dog was found in a field near the intersection of West and West Streets.\n\nThe dog
        expected_output_ids = [464, 3290, 373, 1043, 287, 257, 2214, 1474, 262, 16246, 286, 2688, 290, 2688, 27262, 13, 198, 198, 464, 3290,]  # fmt: skip
        output_ids = model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=False)
        if verify_outputs:
            self.assertListEqual(output_ids[0].tolist(), expected_output_ids)

    @slow
    def test_lm_generate_gpt2(self):
        self._test_lm_generate_gpt2_helper()

    @slow
    def test_lm_generate_gpt2_with_gradient_checkpointing(self):
        self._test_lm_generate_gpt2_helper(gradient_checkpointing=True)

    @slow
    def test_lm_generate_gpt2_with_reorder_and_upcast_attn(self):
        self._test_lm_generate_gpt2_helper(reorder_and_upcast_attn=True)

    @slow
    def test_lm_generate_gpt2_with_scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx(self):
        self._test_lm_generate_gpt2_helper(scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx=True, verify_outputs=False)

    @slow
    def test_gpt2_sample(self):
        tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model.to(torch_device)

        torch.manual_seed(0)
        tokenized = tokenizer("Today is a nice day and", return_tensors="pt", return_token_type_ids=True)
        input_ids = tokenized.input_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_ids = model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=True)
        output_str = tokenizer.decode(output_ids[0], skip_special_tokens=True)

        token_type_ids = tokenized.token_type_ids.to(torch_device)
        output_seq = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, do_sample=True, num_return_sequences=5)
        output_seq_tt = model.generate(
            input_ids=input_ids, token_type_ids=token_type_ids, do_sample=True, num_return_sequences=5
        )
        output_seq_strs = tokenizer.batch_decode(output_seq, skip_special_tokens=True)
        output_seq_tt_strs = tokenizer.batch_decode(output_seq_tt, skip_special_tokens=True)

        EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STR = (
            "Today is a nice day and if you don't know anything about the state of play during your holiday"
        )
        self.assertEqual(output_str, EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STR)
        self.assertTrue(
            all(output_seq_strs[idx] != output_seq_tt_strs[idx] for idx in range(len(output_seq_tt_strs)))
        )  # token_type_ids should change output

    @slow
    def test_gpt2_sample_max_time(self):
        tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2")
        model.to(torch_device)

        torch.manual_seed(0)
        tokenized = tokenizer("Today is a nice day and", return_tensors="pt", return_token_type_ids=True)
        input_ids = tokenized.input_ids.to(torch_device)

        MAX_TIME = 0.5

        start = datetime.datetime.now()
        model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=True, max_time=MAX_TIME, max_length=256)
        duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
        self.assertGreater(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=MAX_TIME))
        self.assertLess(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=1.5 * MAX_TIME))

        start = datetime.datetime.now()
        model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=False, max_time=MAX_TIME, max_length=256)
        duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
        self.assertGreater(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=MAX_TIME))
        self.assertLess(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=1.5 * MAX_TIME))

        start = datetime.datetime.now()
        model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=False, num_beams=2, max_time=MAX_TIME, max_length=256)
        duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
        self.assertGreater(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=MAX_TIME))
        self.assertLess(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=1.5 * MAX_TIME))

        start = datetime.datetime.now()
        model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=True, num_beams=2, max_time=MAX_TIME, max_length=256)
        duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
        self.assertGreater(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=MAX_TIME))
        self.assertLess(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=1.5 * MAX_TIME))

        start = datetime.datetime.now()
        model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=False, max_time=None, max_length=256)
        duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
        self.assertGreater(duration, datetime.timedelta(seconds=1.5 * MAX_TIME))

    @slow
    def test_contrastive_search_gpt2(self):
        article = (
            "DeepMind Technologies is a British artificial intelligence subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. and research "
            "laboratory founded in 2010. DeepMind was acquired by Google in 2014. The company is based"
        )

        gpt2_tokenizer = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2-large")
        gpt2_model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/gpt2-large").to(torch_device)
        input_ids = gpt2_tokenizer(article, return_tensors="pt").input_ids.to(torch_device)

        outputs = gpt2_model.generate(input_ids, penalty_alpha=0.6, top_k=4, max_length=256)

        generated_text = gpt2_tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)

        self.assertListEqual(
            generated_text,
            [
                "DeepMind Technologies is a British artificial intelligence subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. and research "
                "laboratory founded in 2010. DeepMind was acquired by Google in 2014. The company is based in London, "
                "United Kingdom\n\nGoogle has a lot of data on its users and uses it to improve its products, such as "
                "Google Now, which helps users find the information they're looking for on the web. But the company "
                "is not the only one to collect data on its users. Facebook, for example, has its own facial "
                "recognition technology, as well as a database of millions of photos that it uses to personalize its "
                "News Feed.\n\nFacebook's use of data is a hot topic in the tech industry, with privacy advocates "
                "concerned about the company's ability to keep users' information private. In a blog post last "
                'year, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said his company would "do our best to be transparent about our '
                'data use and how we use it."\n\n"We have made it clear that we do not sell or share your data with '
                'third parties," Zuckerberg wrote. "If you have questions or concerns, please reach out to us at '
                'privacy@facebook.com."\n\nGoogle declined to comment on the privacy implications of its use of data, '
                "but said in a statement to The Associated Press that"
            ],
        )