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* bf16

* tests

* gpt-oss

* enable gptoss for engine

* rough estimate

* convert to mxfp4

* handle safetensors U8

* clamp glu/linear

* update tokenizer

* MXFP4 support

This implements the Open Compute Microscaling (MX) FP4 format
as a tensor type with backend implementations focusing
on mulmat and mulmatid on CPU, CUDA, and Metal.

* Unit tests for MXFP4 support

This exercises various operations and shapes on both CPU and GPU (if detected
on the system)

* cuda graph

* unit test adjustments

* cuda: optimize memory access

Read 4 bytes at a time (8 elements) when performing mul_mat_vec_mxfp4

* mac: fix crash on old macos versions

cblas_sgemm is only supported on v13.3 and up, however bf16 is
only supported on v14+ so we were falling back to ggml-blas and
crashing on bf16 tensors.  Checking for the function being null
seems to be the simplest way to condittionally avoid registering the
backend.

* server: Minimum context length for gptoss

This model requires a minimum context ...

Reporting params.NumGPULayers can be misleading because it is the
requested number of layers, not the actual number that is loaded.
While they are often the same, there are cases where they might mismatch,
such as if the GPU backend is missing.

We're not currently using it, even in cases where we could. Disabling
it improves generation performance by 10-30% with multiple GPUs.

We don't get valid UUIDs for AMD GPUs on Windows, so the best option
is to use the ordinal IDs. This brings us in line with what we currently
do on the Ollama server - the only exception is AMD GPUs on Linux, which
falls back to using ordinal IDs. The GGML implementation has no fallback
but it doesn't appear to occur for any of the GPUs that we support.

It's also possible that there are collisions between ordinal IDs for
different libraries - however the only places where we use them are
AMD on Windows and Metal on Mac, which can never occur on the same
system.

The root cause was an unclean upgrade - this code is fine.

This reverts commit 45f216a9.

This adds some extra logs to make the new engine a bit more consistent
with the llama engine.

This is causing segfaults, so disable it. Currently UUIDs are only
used for debugging purposes, although they planned to be used in
additional ways in the future.

Bug #11211

* update patches

* cherry pick metal mean kernel

* cherry pick cuda mean kernel

* gemma3n

We don't check the return status after computing the graph, which
can silently lead to bad outputs if we try to keep going and future
computation succeeds. This appears to happens in certain cases on
Apple M2 devices.

Fixes #11070

Reverts PR #11115. The original change was mistakingly reverted instead of #10822

This reverts commit aaa78180.

This enables matching up devices and information reported by the backend
with system management libraries such as nvml to get accurate free
memory reporting.

FromFloatSlice and FromIntSlice return an error if the shape doesn't
match the passed data or if memory can't be allocated. Since these
are inputs, the memory being allocated is system memory rather than VRAM.

In many cases, the caller can't really handle the error and panics.

Empty and Zeros directly panic if they can't allocate memory.

This makes things consistent by panicing for the first two cases,
removing a fair amount of error handling code. This is also consistent
with how Go typically handles these situations.

This provides granular information about the backend memory allocations
required by the runner:
 - Per backend
 - Per layer
 - Weights, cache and graph
 - Allocation status

This can be used for debugging and validating memory estimates.

* feat: qwen3 dense
* feat: qwen3moe
* fix llama4 moe

Currently, when the backend is created, the tensors are loaded at the
same time, which is a slow operation. This separates them to be two
steps:
 - Create backend, including enumerating tensors and memory allocation
 - Loading tensor data

This allows more flexibility in managing model loading.

* panic if trying to pad 4d

* fix pixel values padding

reduce prompt log to trace level

* Move quantization logic to GGML via new backend

This moves the model aware logic to Go code and calls GGMLs quantization code for model creation.

* Remove "add model quantizations"

This is no longer needed now that quantization is implemented in Go+GGML code directly.

Successfully completing processing with an errgroup cancels the
associated context. However, we also have a goroutine that is checking
for cancelation of the context. As a result, there is a race where
the goroutine can pick up the cancelation and report an error,
replacing the sucessful error message.

To avoid that, this replaces the goroutine with a cancelation check
when we are reading files. This also has the advantage of stopping
all reads relatively quickly on error and also ensuring that there are
no outstanding I/O operations when we return in this case.

The downside is that if a file read blocks forever (for example, over
the network) then cancelation of the context effectively won't be
honored. However, this is also true for other smaller files we read
and the tensors are read in small chunks (128K), so it's consistent
and better on balance overall.

For every forward pass through the model, we need to allocate input
tensors: tokens, images, positions, outputs and masks. These get
allocated in system memory.

However, when we close the context that the tensors were allocated
through, the metadata gets freed but the actual backend memory does
not. This results in a significant memory leak.

This makes it so that all the memory allocated through a context
gets freed when it is closed.

Fixes #10040

Allocating (and in particular, freeing) memory from CUDA host buffers
is expensive and can cause a significant performance hit if we do
it for every token. Using normal system memory avoids this issue
and also gives the OS more flexibility to manage it.

There is no performance impact from this patch directly (either
positive or negative) but it makes a difference once we start
freeing memory correctly.

Context is currently mixed between pointer and value receivers. Change
this to be all pointer receivers so don't have to reason about whether
the things we are updating in the struct will be retained.

Sometimes loading the GGUF file fails with:
panic: context canceled

This is probably a filesystem error but it doesn't provide any
information about what happened.

Currently, the KV cache and graph are lazily allocated as needed.
The cache is fully allocated on first use of the corresponding
layer whereas the graph grows with the size of the context.

This can be an issue if another application allocates more VRAM
after we do our calculations - Ollama will crash in the middle of
inference. If we instead allocate the maximum needed memory at
startup of the runner, we will either succeed or fail at that point
rather than at some surprising time in the future.

Currently, this only generates a worst case batch for text, which
means that vision models may get a partial allocation and continue
to lazily allocate the rest.

If there is a CUDA OOM, we currently don't check the return value
and will evetually segfault. This checks for the problem and generates
a Go error. At the moment, this will still result in a panic but having
the error is the first step to being able to handle it more gracefully.

improves model loading times on network-based filesystems
such as GCS fuse by creating a dedicated file descriptor for each
section of the file being read, reducing seeking

Mistral is a popular research lab making open source models. This updates
the forward pass of llama architecture models to support both llama models
and mistral models by accounting for additional metadata present in mistral
models, and finding the correct dimensions for the output projection.

Model implementations should use Input for all of their tensors
supplied to the model. This includes tensors that relate to the
outputs, which is confusing since there is also an Output funciton.

Since Output is only used internally in GGML and not used by any
model implementations, we can remove it from the interface to
reduce confusion.

When converting a ggml model if there is a failure to read tensor data a nil error value was being returned. It should be assigned to the actual error from reading.