arange

kvcache/causal_test.go

@@ -424,6 +424,17 @@ func (c *testContext) FromIntSlice(s []int32, shape ...int) (ml.Tensor, error) {
 	return out, nil
 }
 
+func (c *testContext) Arange(start, stop, step float32, dtype ml.DType) ml.Tensor {
+	s := make([]float32, 0, int((stop-start)/step))
+	for i := start; i < stop; i += step {
+		s = append(s, i)
+	}
+
+	out, _ := c.FromFloatSlice(s, len(s))
+	out.(*testTensor).dtype = dtype
+	return out
+}
+
 func (c *testContext) Input() ml.Context    { return c }
 func (c *testContext) Layer(int) ml.Context { return c }
 

ml/backend.go

@@ -95,6 +95,9 @@ type Context interface {
 	FromFloatSlice(s []float32, shape ...int) (Tensor, error)
 	FromIntSlice(s []int32, shape ...int) (Tensor, error)
 
+	// Arange creates a 1D tensor with values within an interval (start, stop] increased by step.
+	Arange(start, stop, step float32, dtype DType) Tensor
+
 	Forward(...Tensor) Context
 	Compute(...Tensor)
 

ml/backend/ggml/ggml.go

@@ -696,6 +696,32 @@ func (c *Context) FromIntSlice(s []int32, shape ...int) (ml.Tensor, error) {
 	return t, nil
 }
 
+func (c Context) Arange(start, stop, step float32, dtype ml.DType) ml.Tensor {
+	switch dtype {
+	case ml.DTypeF32:
+		// ggml_arange creates a float32 tensor
+		return &Tensor{
+			b: c.b,
+			t: C.ggml_arange(c.ctx, C.float(start), C.float(stop), C.float(step)),
+		}
+	case ml.DTypeI32:
+		// ggml_cast does not support float32 to int32 conversion
+		arange := make([]int32, 0, int((stop-start)/step))
+		for i := start; i < stop; i += step {
+			arange = append(arange, int32(i))
+		}
+
+		t, err := c.Input().FromIntSlice(arange, len(arange))
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+
+		return t
+	default:
+		panic("unsupported dtype for arange")
+	}
+}
+
 func (c *Context) Close() {
 	if c != nil {
 		for _, b := range *c.allocatedBuffers {

model/models/gemma3/model_vision.go

@@ -92,16 +92,7 @@ func (m *VisionModel) Forward(ctx ml.Context, pixelValues ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
 	hiddenState = hiddenState.Reshape(ctx, numPatches, m.hiddenSize)
 	hiddenState = hiddenState.Permute(ctx, 1, 0, 2, 3).Contiguous(ctx)
 
-	positions := make([]int32, numPatches)
-	for i := range positions {
-		positions[i] = int32(i)
-	}
-
-	positionIDs, err := ctx.Input().FromIntSlice(positions, len(positions))
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
+	positionIDs := ctx.Arange(0, float32(numPatches), 1, ml.DTypeI32)
 	hiddenState = hiddenState.Add(ctx, m.PositionEmbedding.Forward(ctx, positionIDs))
 
 	for _, layer := range m.Layers {

model/models/mllama/model.go

@@ -93,16 +93,7 @@ func (m *Model) EncodeMultimodal(ctx ml.Context, multimodalData []byte) (any, er
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	positions := make([]int32, 1601)
-	for i := range positions {
-		positions[i] = int32(i)
-	}
-
-	positionIDs, err := ctx.Input().FromIntSlice(positions, len(positions))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
+	positionIDs := ctx.Arange(0, 1601, 1, ml.DTypeI32)
 	crossAttentionStates := m.VisionModel.Forward(ctx, pixelValues, positionIDs, aspectRatio)
 	return m.Projector.Forward(ctx, crossAttentionStates), nil
 }