[ci] fix git checkout for comment-triggered CI jobs (#5169)

* [ci] fix git checkout for comment-triggered CI jobs

* set locale prior to installing packages

* comment out cuda

* change strategy for setting locale

* comment out R jobs

* comment out more CI jobs

* update locales before installing other packages

* remove unnecessary packages

* add libc6 back

* restore libicu and libssl

* Revert "comment out more CI jobs"

This reverts commit 8fd92144ad1dafc33ae699d7c3e159d8846e41b2.

* uncomment CI jobs

* revert more changes

* more reverting

* remove r_package.yml from diff

.github/workflows/r_configure.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ jobs:
           apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
             ca-certificates \
             git
+      - name: Trust git cloning LightGBM
+        run: |
+          git config --global --add safe.directory "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
         with:

.github/workflows/r_solaris.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ jobs:
           apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
             curl \
             jq
+      - name: Trust git cloning LightGBM
+        run: |
+          git config --global --add safe.directory "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
         with:

.github/workflows/r_valgrind.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ jobs:
           apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
             curl \
             jq
+      - name: Trust git cloning LightGBM
+        run: |
+          git config --global --add safe.directory "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}"
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
         with: