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* `#error BYE_BYE_GOLDEN_SNAKE`

* Removing everything related to 2.7 from ci.yml

* Commenting-out Centos7

* Removing `PYTHON: 27` from .appveyor.yml

* "PY2" removal, mainly from tests. C++ code is not touched.

* Systematic removal of `u` prefix from `u"..."` and `u'...'` literals. Collateral cleanup of a couple minor other things.

* Cleaning up around case-insensitive hits for `[^a-z]py.*2` in tests/.

* Removing obsolete Python 2 mention in compiling.rst

* Proper `#error` for Python 2.

* Using PY_VERSION_HEX to guard `#error "PYTHON 2 IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED.`

* chore: bump pre-commit

* style: run pre-commit for pyupgrade 3+

* tests: use sys.version_info, not PY

* chore: more Python 2 removal

* Uncommenting Centos7 block (PR #3691 showed that it is working again).

* Update pre-commit hooks

* Fix pre-commit hook

* refactor: remove Python 2 from CMake

* refactor: remove Python 2 from setup code

* refactor: simplify, better static typing

* feat: fail with nice messages

* refactor: drop Python 2 C++ code

* docs: cleanup for Python 3

* revert: intree

revert: intree

* docs: minor touchup to py2 statement
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>

* Fix thread safety for pybind11 loader_life_support

Fixes issue: https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/2765

This converts the vector of PyObjects to either a single void* or
a per-thread void* depending on the WITH_THREAD define.

The new field is used by each thread to construct a stack
of loader_life_support frames that can extend the life of python
objects.

The pointer is updated when the loader_life_support object is allocated
(which happens before a call) as well as on release.

Each loader_life_support maintains a set of PyObject references
that need to be lifetime extended; this is done by storing them
in a c++ std::unordered_set and clearing the references when the
method completes.

* Also update the internals version as the internal struct is no longer compatible

* Add test demonstrating threading works correctly.

It may be appropriate to run this under msan/tsan/etc.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update test to use lifetime-extended references rather than
std::string_view, as that's a C++ 17 feature.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Make loader_life_support members private

* Update version to dev2

* Update test to use python threading rather than concurrent.futures

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Remove unnecessary env in test

* Remove unnecessary pytest in test

* Use native C++ thread_local in place of python per-thread data structures to retain compatability

* clang-format test_thread.cpp

* Add a note about debugging the py::cast() error

* thread_test.py now propagates exceptions on join() calls.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci



* remove unused sys / merge

* Update include order in test_thread.cpp

* Remove spurious whitespace

* Update comment / whitespace.

* Address review comments

* lint cleanup

* Fix test IntStruct constructor.

* Add explicit to constructor
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>