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* IPO/LTO support for ICX (IntelLLVM) compiler

https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4080



* style: pre-commit fixes

* Add WARNING/HELP WANTED comment.
Co-authored-by: Martin Blanchard <martin.blanchard@siemens.com>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgk@google.com>

* `#error BYE_BYE_GOLDEN_SNAKE`

* Removing everything related to 2.7 from ci.yml

* Commenting-out Centos7

* Removing `PYTHON: 27` from .appveyor.yml

* "PY2" removal, mainly from tests. C++ code is not touched.

* Systematic removal of `u` prefix from `u"..."` and `u'...'` literals. Collateral cleanup of a couple minor other things.

* Cleaning up around case-insensitive hits for `[^a-z]py.*2` in tests/.

* Removing obsolete Python 2 mention in compiling.rst

* Proper `#error` for Python 2.

* Using PY_VERSION_HEX to guard `#error "PYTHON 2 IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED.`

* chore: bump pre-commit

* style: run pre-commit for pyupgrade 3+

* tests: use sys.version_info, not PY

* chore: more Python 2 removal

* Uncommenting Centos7 block (PR #3691 showed that it is working again).

* Update pre-commit hooks

* Fix pre-commit hook

* refactor: remove Python 2 from CMake

* refactor: remove Python 2 from setup code

* refactor: simplify, better static typing

* feat: fail with nice messages

* refactor: drop Python 2 C++ code

* docs: cleanup for Python 3

* revert: intree

revert: intree

* docs: minor touchup to py2 statement
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>

* mingw64 platform string is like mingw_xxx not "mingw"

See https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/blob/master/mingw-w64-python/0099-Change-the-get_platform-method-in-sysconfig-and-dist.patch



* Mingw: Do not dllexport exceptions

This is a fix for errors like:

D:/a/pybind11/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/common.h:735:23: error: 'dllexport' implies default visibility, but 'class pybind11::builtin_exception' has already been declared with a different visibility
  735 | class PYBIND11_EXPORT builtin_exception : public std::runtime_error {
      |                       ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* GHA: Test Mingw64 build

* fix: avoid thin binaries on mingw

* fix: drop lto on MinGW

* Mingw64: disable PYBIND11_DEPRECATED

It trigger many warnings for unknown reasons
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>

* mingw64 platform string is like mingw_xxx not "mingw"

See https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/blob/master/mingw-w64-python/0099-Change-the-get_platform-method-in-sysconfig-and-dist.patch



* Mingw: Do not dllexport exceptions

This is a fix for errors like:

D:/a/pybind11/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/common.h:735:23: error: 'dllexport' implies default visibility, but 'class pybind11::builtin_exception' has already been declared with a different visibility
  735 | class PYBIND11_EXPORT builtin_exception : public std::runtime_error {
      |                       ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* GHA: Test Mingw64 build

* fix: avoid thin binaries on mingw

* fix: drop lto on MinGW

* Mingw64: disable PYBIND11_DEPRECATED

It trigger many warnings for unknown reasons
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>

On Windows, clang-cl does not understand /MP.
```
clang-cl: warning: argument unused during compilation: '/MP' [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
```
with Clang 10.0.0

* fix: ipo should be off for debug or relwithdebinfo

Closes #2587

* docs: slightly more detailed about IPO

* Update pybind11Common.cmake

* fix: find_import didn't work properly for classic tools

* ci: fix all files not being checked in style run

* feat: import check as a common function

* docs: add cmake to docs

* feat: setup.py redesign and helpers

* refactor: simpler design with two outputs

* refactor: helper file update and Windows support

* fix: review points from @YannickJadoul

* refactor: fixes to naming and more docs

* feat: more customization points

* feat: add entry point pybind11-config

* refactor: Try Extension-focused method

* refactor: rename alt/inplace to global

* fix: allow usage with git modules, better docs

* feat: global as an extra (@YannickJadoul's suggestion)

* feat: single version location

* fix: remove the requirement that setuptools must be imported first

* fix: some review points from @wjacob

* fix: use .in, add procedure to docs

* refactor: avoid monkeypatch copy

* docs: minor typos corrected

* fix: minor points from @YannickJadoul

* fix: typo on Windows C++ mode

* fix: MSVC 15 update 3+ have c++14 flag

See <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/std-specify-language-standard-version?view=vs-2019>

* docs: discuss making SDists by hand

* ci: use pep517.build instead of manual setup.py

* refactor: more comments from @YannickJadoul

* docs: updates from @ktbarrett

* fix: change to newly recommended tool instead of pep517.build

This was intended as a proof of concept; build seems to be the correct replacement.

See https://github.com/pypa/pep517/pull/83

* docs: updates from @wjakob

* refactor: dual version locations

* docs: typo spotted by @wjakob

* fix: respect PYTHON_VERSION if set in classic mode

* fix: add warning when using PYTHON_VERSION

* feat: FindPython support

* refactor: rename to PYBIND11_FINDPYTHON

* docs: Caps fixes

* feat: NOPYTHON mode

* test: check simple call

* docs: add changelog/upgrade guide

* feat: Support Python3 and Python2

* refactor: Use targets in tests

* fix: support CMake 3.4+

* feat: classic search also finds virtual environments

* docs: some updates from @wjakob's review

* fix: wrong name for QUIET mode variable, reported by @skoslowski

* refactor: cleaner output messaging

* fix: support debug Python's in FindPython mode too

* fixup! refactor: cleaner output messaging

* fix: missing pybind11_FOUND and pybind11_INCLUDE_DIR restored to subdir mode

* fix: nicer reporting of Python / PyPy

* fix: out-of-order variable fix

* docs: minor last-minute cleanup