Merge branch 'develop' into amd-develop

example/09_convnd_fwd/convnd_fwd_xdl_fp64.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "convnd_fwd_common.hpp"
 
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 #include "ck/library/utility/convolution_host_tensor_descriptor_helper.hpp"
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static constexpr auto GemmSpec = ck::tensor_operation::device::GemmSpecializatio
 
 template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial, typename InLayout, typename WeiLayout, typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/09_convnd_fwd/convnd_fwd_xdl_int8.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "convnd_fwd_common.hpp"
 
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 #include "ck/library/utility/convolution_host_tensor_descriptor_helper.hpp"
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static constexpr auto GemmSpec = ck::tensor_operation::device::GemmSpecializatio
 
 template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial, typename InLayout, typename WeiLayout, typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/27_layernorm2d_fwd/run_layernorm_example.inc

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ int run_layernorm2d_fwd_example()
         {0, 1},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{y.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(), y.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(),
-                                    save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
+                                 save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(),
-                                    save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
+                                 save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         {1},
         1e-4,
         x_dev.GetDeviceBuffer(),

example/30_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d/README.md

@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ out: dim 5, lengths {1, 128, 256, 36, 36}, strides {256, 331776, 1, 9216, 256}
 launch_and_time_kernel: grid_dim {1296, 1, 1}, block_dim {256, 1, 1}
 Warm up 1 time
 Start running 10 times...
-Perf: 1.55981 ms, 94.0927 TFlops, 213.868 GB/s, DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<256, 128, 256, 16, Default>
+Perf: 1.55981 ms, 94.0927 TFlops, 213.868 GB/s, DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<256, 128, 256, 16, Default>
 ```

example/30_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d/common.hpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include "ck/ck.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/convolution_forward_specialization.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/gemm_specialization.hpp"
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/tensor_layout.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/element_wise_operation.hpp"
 

example/30_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d/run_grouped_conv_fwd_bias_relu_add_example.inc

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ using ResidualLayout = typename LayoutSettingSelector<NDimSpatial>::ResidualLayo
 
 template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial>
 using DeviceConvFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InputLayout<NDimSpatial>,
         WeightLayout<NDimSpatial>,

example/30_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d/run_grouped_conv_fwd_example.inc

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial>
 using DeviceConvFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InputLayout<NDimSpatial>,
         WeightLayout<NDimSpatial>,

example/40_conv2d_fwd_quantization/conv2d_fwd_xdl_bias_relu_perchannel_quantization_int8.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #include "common.hpp"
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 using InDataType           = int8_t;
 using WeiDataType          = int8_t;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial,
           typename RequantScaleLayout,
           typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/40_conv2d_fwd_quantization/conv2d_fwd_xdl_bias_relu_perlayer_quantization_int8.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #include "common.hpp"
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 using InDataType       = int8_t;
 using WeiDataType      = int8_t;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial,
           typename BiasLayout,
           typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/40_conv2d_fwd_quantization/conv2d_fwd_xdl_perchannel_quantization_int8.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #include "common.hpp"
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 using InDataType           = int8_t;
 using WeiDataType          = int8_t;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial,
           typename RequantScaleLayout,
           typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/40_conv2d_fwd_quantization/conv2d_fwd_xdl_perlayer_quantization_int8.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #include "common.hpp"
-#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_grouped_conv_fwd_multiple_abd_xdl_cshuffle.hpp"
 
 using InDataType       = int8_t;
 using WeiDataType      = int8_t;
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static constexpr auto GemmSpec = ck::tensor_operation::device::GemmSpecializatio
 
 template <ck::index_t NDimSpatial, typename InLayout, typename WeiLayout, typename OutLayout>
 using DeviceGroupedConvNDFwdInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle<
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceGroupedConvFwdMultipleABD_Xdl_CShuffle<
         NDimSpatial,
         InLayout,
         WeiLayout,

example/42_groupnorm_fwd/run_groupnorm_fwd_example.inc

@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ int run_groupnorm_fwd_example(int argc, char* argv[])
         {0, 0, 0, C, 1},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{y.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(), y.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(),
-                                    save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
+                                 save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         std::vector<ck::index_t>{save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().begin(),
-                                    save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
+                                 save_mean.mDesc.GetStrides().end()},
         {1, 2, 4}, // reduction dimension: [H, W, C]
         1e-6,
         x_dev.GetDeviceBuffer(),

example/44_elementwise_permute/CMakeLists.txt

 add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp16 elementwise_permute_4D_fp16.cpp)
 add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_2d elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_2d.cpp)
+add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp32_row elementwise_permute_4D_fp32_row.cpp)
+add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_row elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_row.cpp)
+add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp32_col elementwise_permute_4D_fp32_col.cpp)
+add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_col elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_col.cpp)
+add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute elementwise_permute.cpp)
+if((NOT GPU_TARGETS MATCHES "gfx940") AND (NOT GPU_TARGETS MATCHES "gfx941") AND (NOT GPU_TARGETS MATCHES "gfx942"))
+    add_example_executable(example_elementwise_permute_3d elementwise_permute_3d.cpp)
+endif()

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include "ck/ck.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_elementwise_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "ck/library/utility/algorithm.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/check_err.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/device_memory.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor_generator.hpp"
+
+using F16 = ck::half_t;
+using F32 = float;
+
+using ADataType = F16;
+using BDataType = F16;
+
+using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
+using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                        PassThrough,          // ElementwiseOp
+                                                        5,                    // NumDim
+                                                        8,                    // MPerThread
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
+
+template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename Functor>
+void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_ndhwc, const HostTensorA& A_ncdhw, Functor functor)
+{
+    for(std::size_t n = 0; n < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0]; ++n)
+        for(std::size_t c = 0; c < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+            for(std::size_t d = 0; d < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++d)
+                for(std::size_t h = 0; h < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++h)
+                    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[4]; ++w)
+                    {
+                        auto a_val = A_ncdhw(n, c, d, h, w);
+                        functor(B_ndhwc(n, d, h, w, c), a_val);
+                    }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    bool do_verification = true;
+    bool time_kernel     = true;
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> ncdhw = {16, 8, 8, 8, 8};
+    std::vector<std::size_t> ndhwc = {16, 8, 8, 8, 8};
+    Tensor<ADataType> a(ncdhw);
+    Tensor<BDataType> b(ndhwc);
+
+    a.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_3<ADataType>{0.0, 1.0});
+
+    DeviceMem a_device_buf(sizeof(ADataType) * a.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+    DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
+    a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
+
+    std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+    std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> ab_lengths;
+    /**std::array<ck::index_t, 5> a_strides = {
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[4]),
+        1};
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> b_strides = {
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[1] * ndhwc[2] * ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[2] * ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        1,
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[4])};**/
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> a_strides = {
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[4]),
+        1,
+        static_cast<int>(ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4])};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> b_strides = {
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[1] * ndhwc[2] * ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[2] * ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[3] * ndhwc[4]),
+        static_cast<int>(ndhwc[4]),
+        1};
+    ck::ranges::copy(ncdhw, ab_lengths.begin());
+
+    auto broadcastPermute = DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance{};
+    auto argument         = broadcastPermute.MakeArgumentPointer(
+        ab_lengths, {a_strides}, {b_strides}, input, output, PassThrough{});
+
+    if(!broadcastPermute.IsSupportedArgument(argument.get()))
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error(
+            "The runtime parameters seems not supported by the device instance, exiting!");
+    };
+
+    std::cout << "A (ncdhw): " << a.mDesc << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "B (ndhwc): " << b.mDesc << std::endl;
+
+    auto broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr = broadcastPermute.MakeInvokerPointer();
+    float ave_time =
+        broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr->Run(argument.get(), StreamConfig{nullptr, time_kernel});
+    std::size_t flop = std::size_t(2) * ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4];
+
+    std::size_t num_btype =
+        sizeof(ADataType) * (ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]) +
+        sizeof(BDataType) * (ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]);
+
+    float tflops = static_cast<float>(flop) / 1.E9 / ave_time;
+
+    float gb_per_sec = num_btype / 1.E6 / ave_time;
+
+    std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
+              << std::endl;
+
+    bool pass = true;
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+        b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
+        Tensor<BDataType> host_b(ndhwc);
+        host_elementwise4D(host_b, a, PassThrough{});
+
+        pass &=
+            ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
+    }
+
+    return pass ? 0 : 1;
+}

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_3d.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include "ck/ck.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_elementwise_3d_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "ck/library/utility/algorithm.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/check_err.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/device_memory.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor_generator.hpp"
+
+using F16 = ck::half_t;
+using F32 = float;
+
+using ADataType = F16;
+using BDataType = F16;
+
+using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
+using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwise3dImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                          ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                          PassThrough,          // ElementwiseOp
+                                                          2,                    // NumDim_m, {N, C}
+                                                          2,                    // NumDim_n, {H, W}
+                                                          1,                    // NumDim_k, {D}
+                                                          8,                    // MPerThread
+                                                          8,                    // NPerThread
+                                                          8,                    // KPerThread
+                                                          ck::Sequence<8>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                          ck::Sequence<4>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
+
+template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename Functor>
+void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_ndhwc, const HostTensorA& A_ncdhw, Functor functor)
+{
+    for(std::size_t n = 0; n < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0]; ++n)
+        for(std::size_t c = 0; c < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+            for(std::size_t d = 0; d < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++d)
+                for(std::size_t h = 0; h < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++h)
+                    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < A_ncdhw.mDesc.GetLengths()[4]; ++w)
+                    {
+                        auto a_val = A_ncdhw(n, c, d, h, w);
+                        functor(B_ndhwc(n, d, h, w, c), a_val);
+                    }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    bool do_verification = true;
+    bool time_kernel     = true;
+
+    const int N = 4;
+    const int C = 16;
+    const int H = 32;
+    const int W = 5;
+    const int D = 16;
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> ncdhw = {N, C, D, H, W};
+    std::vector<std::size_t> ndhwc = {N, D, H, W, C};
+    Tensor<ADataType> a(ncdhw);
+    Tensor<BDataType> b(ndhwc);
+
+    a.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_3<ADataType>{0.0, 1.0});
+
+    DeviceMem a_device_buf(sizeof(ADataType) * a.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+    DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
+    a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
+
+    std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+    std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> ab_lengths{N, C, H, W, D};
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> a_strides = {C * D * H * W, H * W, W, 1, D * H * W}; // N, C, D, H, W
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 5> b_strides = {C * H * W * D, H * W * D, W * D, D, 1}; // N, D, H, W, C
+
+    auto broadcastPermute = DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance{};
+    auto argument         = broadcastPermute.MakeArgumentPointer(
+        ab_lengths, {a_strides}, {b_strides}, input, output, PassThrough{});
+
+    if(!broadcastPermute.IsSupportedArgument(argument.get()))
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error(
+            "The runtime parameters seems not supported by the device instance, exiting!");
+    };
+
+    std::cout << "A (ncdhw): " << a.mDesc << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "B (ndhwc): " << b.mDesc << std::endl;
+
+    auto broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr = broadcastPermute.MakeInvokerPointer();
+    float ave_time =
+        broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr->Run(argument.get(), StreamConfig{nullptr, time_kernel});
+    std::size_t flop = std::size_t(2) * ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4];
+
+    std::size_t num_btype =
+        sizeof(ADataType) * (ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]) +
+        sizeof(BDataType) * (ncdhw[0] * ncdhw[1] * ncdhw[2] * ncdhw[3] * ncdhw[4]);
+
+    float tflops = static_cast<float>(flop) / 1.E9 / ave_time;
+
+    float gb_per_sec = num_btype / 1.E6 / ave_time;
+
+    std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
+              << std::endl;
+
+    bool pass = true;
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+        b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
+        Tensor<BDataType> host_b(ndhwc);
+        host_elementwise4D(host_b, a, PassThrough{});
+
+        pass &=
+            ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
+    }
+
+    return pass ? 0 : 1;
+}

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_4D_fp16.cpp

@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ using BDataType = F16;
 
 using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
 using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>,
-                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>,
-                                                        PassThrough,
-                                                        4,
-                                                        8,
-                                                        ck::Sequence<8>,
-                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>;
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                        PassThrough,          // Elementwise op
+                                                        4,                    // NumDim
+                                                        8,                    // MPerThread
+                                                        ck::Sequence<8>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
 
 template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename Functor>
 void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_nhwc, const HostTensorA& A_nchw, Functor functor)
@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ int main()
 
     std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
               << std::endl;
-
     bool pass = true;
 
     if(do_verification)

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_2d.cpp

@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ using BDataType = F16;
 
 using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
 using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
-    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwise2dImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>,
-                                                          ck::Tuple<BDataType>,
-                                                          PassThrough,
-                                                          3, // NumDim_M
-                                                          1, // NumDim_N
-                                                          8,
-                                                          8,
-                                                          ck::Sequence<8>,
-                                                          ck::Sequence<8>>;
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwise2dImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                          ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                          PassThrough,          // Elementwise op
+                                                          3,                    // NumDim_M
+                                                          1,                    // NumDim_N
+                                                          1,                    // MPerThread
+                                                          1,                    // NPerThread
+                                                          ck::Sequence<1>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                          ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
 
 template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename Functor>
 void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_nhwc,
@@ -53,12 +53,6 @@ int main()
     const int H = 32;
     const int W = 1024;
 
-    /**const int N = 120;
-    const int H = 32;
-    const int W = 64;
-
-    const int C = 128;**/
-
     std::vector<std::size_t> nchw = {N, C, H, W};
     std::vector<std::size_t> nhwc = {N, H, W, C};
 
@@ -71,7 +65,6 @@ int main()
     DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
 
     a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
-    // LogRangeAsType<float>(std::cout << "Tensor a  : ", a.mData, ",") << std::endl;
 
     std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
     std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
@@ -115,13 +108,10 @@ int main()
     if(do_verification)
     {
         b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
-        // LogRangeAsType<float>(std::cout << "Tensor b  : ", b.mData, ",") << std::endl;
 
         Tensor<BDataType> host_b(nhwc);
         host_elementwise4D<Tensor<ADataType>, Tensor<BDataType>, PassThrough>(
             host_b, a, nchw, PassThrough{});
-
-        // LogRangeAsType<float>(std::cout << "Host b  : ", host_b.mData, ",") << std::endl;
         pass &=
             ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
     }

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_col.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include "ck/ck.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_elementwise_scale_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "ck/library/utility/algorithm.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/check_err.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/device_memory.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor_generator.hpp"
+
+using F16 = ck::half_t;
+using F32 = float;
+
+using ADataType = F16;
+using BDataType = F16;
+
+using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
+using UnaryOp     = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::UnarySquare;
+using Scale       = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::Scale;
+using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                        PassThrough,          // ElementwiseOp
+                                                        UnaryOp,              // UnaryOp
+                                                        Scale,                // Scalar
+                                                        4,                    // NumDim
+                                                        8,                    // MPerThread
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
+
+template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename FunctorA, typename FunctorB>
+void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_nhwc,
+                        const HostTensorA& A_nchw,
+                        FunctorA functor_a,
+                        FunctorB functor_b,
+                        float scale)
+{
+    std::size_t N = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0];
+    std::size_t C = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1];
+    std::size_t H = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2];
+    std::size_t W = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3];
+    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < W; ++w)
+        for(std::size_t h = 0; h < H; ++h)
+            for(std::size_t c = 0; c < C; ++c)
+                for(std::size_t n = 0; n < N; ++n)
+                {
+                    ADataType tmp_val;
+                    // auto a_val = A_nchw(n, c, h, w);
+                    auto a_val = A_nchw.mData[(n) + (c * N) + (h * C * N) + (w * H * C * N)];
+                    functor_b(tmp_val, a_val);
+                    // functor_a(B_nhwc(n, h, w, c), scale * tmp_val);
+                    functor_a(B_nhwc.mData[(n) + (c * W * H * N) + (h * N) + (w * H * N)],
+                              scale * tmp_val);
+                }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    bool do_verification = true;
+    bool time_kernel     = true;
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nchw = {4, 2, 1, 8};
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nhwc = {4, 1, 8, 2};
+    Tensor<ADataType> a(nchw);
+    Tensor<BDataType> b(nhwc);
+    float scale = 1.f;
+    auto i      = 0;
+    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++w)
+        for(std::size_t h = 0; h < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++h)
+            for(std::size_t c = 0; c < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+                for(std::size_t n = 0; n < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[0]; ++n)
+                {
+                    a.mData[(n * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) + (c * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) +
+                            (h * nchw[3]) + w] = i;
+                    i++;
+                }
+
+    DeviceMem a_device_buf(sizeof(ADataType) * a.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+    DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
+    a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
+
+    std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+    std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> ab_lengths;
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> a_strides = {1,
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0] * nchw[1]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2])};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> b_strides = {1,
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0] * nhwc[1] * nhwc[2]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0] * nhwc[1])};
+    ck::ranges::copy(nchw, ab_lengths.begin());
+
+    auto broadcastPermute = DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance{};
+    auto argument         = broadcastPermute.MakeArgumentPointer(ab_lengths,
+                                                         {a_strides},
+                                                         {b_strides},
+                                                         input,
+                                                         output,
+                                                         PassThrough{},
+                                                         UnaryOp{},
+                                                         Scale{scale});
+
+    if(!broadcastPermute.IsSupportedArgument(argument.get()))
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error(
+            "The runtime parameters seems not supported by the device instance, exiting!");
+    };
+
+    std::cout << "A (nchw): " << a.mDesc << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "B (nhwc): " << b.mDesc << std::endl;
+
+    auto broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr = broadcastPermute.MakeInvokerPointer();
+    float ave_time =
+        broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr->Run(argument.get(), StreamConfig{nullptr, time_kernel});
+    std::size_t flop = std::size_t(2) * nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3];
+
+    std::size_t num_btype = sizeof(ADataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) +
+                            sizeof(BDataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]);
+
+    float tflops = static_cast<float>(flop) / 1.E9 / ave_time;
+
+    float gb_per_sec = num_btype / 1.E6 / ave_time;
+
+    std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
+              << std::endl;
+
+    bool pass = true;
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+        b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
+        Tensor<BDataType> host_b(nhwc);
+        host_elementwise4D(host_b, a, PassThrough{}, UnaryOp{}, scale);
+
+        pass &=
+            ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
+    }
+
+    return pass ? 0 : 1;
+}

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_4D_fp16_row.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include "ck/ck.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_elementwise_scale_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "ck/library/utility/algorithm.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/check_err.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/device_memory.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor_generator.hpp"
+
+using F16 = ck::half_t;
+using F32 = float;
+
+using ADataType = F16;
+using BDataType = F16;
+
+using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
+using UnaryOp     = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::UnarySquare;
+using Scale       = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::Scale;
+using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                        PassThrough,          // ElementwiseOp
+                                                        UnaryOp,              // UnaryOp
+                                                        Scale,                // Scalar
+                                                        4,                    // NumDim
+                                                        8,                    // MPerThread
+                                                        ck::Sequence<8>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
+
+template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename FunctorA, typename FunctorB>
+void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_nhwc,
+                        const HostTensorA& A_nchw,
+                        FunctorA functor_a,
+                        FunctorB functor_b,
+                        float scale)
+{
+    for(std::size_t n = 0; n < A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0]; ++n)
+        for(std::size_t c = 0; c < A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+            for(std::size_t h = 0; h < A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++h)
+                for(std::size_t w = 0; w < A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++w)
+                {
+                    ADataType tmp_val;
+                    auto a_val = A_nchw(n, c, h, w);
+                    functor_b(tmp_val, a_val);
+                    functor_a(B_nhwc(n, h, w, c), scale * tmp_val);
+                }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    bool do_verification = true;
+    bool time_kernel     = true;
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nchw = {16, 128, 32, 64};
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nhwc = {16, 32, 64, 128};
+    Tensor<ADataType> a(nchw);
+    Tensor<BDataType> b(nhwc);
+    float scale = 2.f;
+    a.GenerateTensorValue(GeneratorTensor_3<ADataType>{0.0, 1.0});
+
+    DeviceMem a_device_buf(sizeof(ADataType) * a.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+    DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
+    a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
+
+    std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+    std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> ab_lengths;
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> a_strides = {static_cast<int>(nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[2] * nchw[3]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[3]),
+                                            1};
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> b_strides = {static_cast<int>(nhwc[1] * nhwc[2] * nhwc[3]),
+                                            1,
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[2] * nhwc[3]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[3])};
+
+    ck::ranges::copy(nchw, ab_lengths.begin());
+
+    auto broadcastPermute = DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance{};
+    auto argument         = broadcastPermute.MakeArgumentPointer(ab_lengths,
+                                                         {a_strides},
+                                                         {b_strides},
+                                                         input,
+                                                         output,
+                                                         PassThrough{},
+                                                         UnaryOp{},
+                                                         Scale{scale});
+
+    if(!broadcastPermute.IsSupportedArgument(argument.get()))
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error(
+            "The runtime parameters seems not supported by the device instance, exiting!");
+    };
+
+    std::cout << "A (nchw): " << a.mDesc << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "B (nhwc): " << b.mDesc << std::endl;
+
+    auto broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr = broadcastPermute.MakeInvokerPointer();
+    float ave_time =
+        broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr->Run(argument.get(), StreamConfig{nullptr, time_kernel});
+    std::size_t flop = std::size_t(2) * nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3];
+
+    std::size_t num_btype = sizeof(ADataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) +
+                            sizeof(BDataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]);
+
+    float tflops = static_cast<float>(flop) / 1.E9 / ave_time;
+
+    float gb_per_sec = num_btype / 1.E6 / ave_time;
+
+    std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
+              << std::endl;
+
+    bool pass = true;
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+        b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
+        Tensor<BDataType> host_b(nhwc);
+        host_elementwise4D(host_b, a, PassThrough{}, UnaryOp{}, scale);
+
+        pass &=
+            ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
+    }
+
+    return pass ? 0 : 1;
+}

example/44_elementwise_permute/elementwise_permute_4D_fp32_col.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include "ck/ck.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/impl/device_elementwise_scale_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "ck/library/utility/algorithm.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/check_err.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/device_memory.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor.hpp"
+#include "ck/library/utility/host_tensor_generator.hpp"
+
+using F16 = ck::half_t;
+using F32 = float;
+
+using ADataType = F32;
+using BDataType = F32;
+
+using PassThrough = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
+using UnaryOp     = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::UnarySquare;
+using Scale       = ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::Scale;
+using DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance =
+    ck::tensor_operation::device::DeviceElementwiseImpl<ck::Tuple<ADataType>, // InDataTypeTuple
+                                                        ck::Tuple<BDataType>, // OutDataTypeTuple
+                                                        PassThrough,          // ElementwiseOp
+                                                        UnaryOp,              // UnaryOp
+                                                        Scale,                // Scalar
+                                                        4,                    // NumDim
+                                                        1,                    // MPerThread
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>,  // InScalarPerVectorSeq
+                                                        ck::Sequence<1>>; // OutScalarPerVectorSeq
+
+template <typename HostTensorA, typename HostTensorB, typename FunctorA, typename FunctorB>
+void host_elementwise4D(HostTensorB& B_nhwc,
+                        const HostTensorA& A_nchw,
+                        FunctorA functor_a,
+                        FunctorB functor_b,
+                        float scale)
+{
+    std::size_t N = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[0];
+    std::size_t C = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[1];
+    std::size_t H = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[2];
+    std::size_t W = A_nchw.mDesc.GetLengths()[3];
+    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < W; ++w)
+        for(std::size_t h = 0; h < H; ++h)
+            for(std::size_t c = 0; c < C; ++c)
+                for(std::size_t n = 0; n < N; ++n)
+                {
+                    ADataType tmp_val;
+                    auto a_val = A_nchw.mData[(n) + (c * N) + (h * C * N) + (w * H * C * N)];
+                    functor_b(tmp_val, a_val);
+                    functor_a(B_nhwc.mData[(n) + (c * W * H * N) + (h * N) + (w * H * N)],
+                              scale * tmp_val);
+                }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    bool do_verification = true;
+    bool time_kernel     = true;
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nchw = {5, 4, 2, 3};
+    std::vector<std::size_t> nhwc = {5, 2, 3, 4};
+    Tensor<ADataType> a(nchw);
+    Tensor<BDataType> b(nhwc);
+
+    float scale = 1.f;
+    auto i      = 0;
+    for(std::size_t w = 0; w < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[3]; ++w)
+        for(std::size_t h = 0; h < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[2]; ++h)
+            for(std::size_t c = 0; c < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[1]; ++c)
+                for(std::size_t n = 0; n < a.mDesc.GetLengths()[0]; ++n)
+                {
+                    a.mData[(n * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) + (c * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) +
+                            (h * nchw[3]) + w] = i;
+                    i++;
+                }
+
+    DeviceMem a_device_buf(sizeof(ADataType) * a.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+    DeviceMem b_device_buf(sizeof(BDataType) * b.mDesc.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
+    a_device_buf.ToDevice(a.mData.data());
+
+    std::array<const void*, 1> input = {a_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+    std::array<void*, 1> output      = {b_device_buf.GetDeviceBuffer()};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> ab_lengths;
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> a_strides = {1,
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0] * nchw[1]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2])};
+
+    std::array<ck::index_t, 4> b_strides = {1,
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0] * nhwc[1] * nhwc[2]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0]),
+                                            static_cast<int>(nhwc[0] * nhwc[1])};
+    ck::ranges::copy(nchw, ab_lengths.begin());
+
+    auto broadcastPermute = DeviceElementwisePermuteInstance{};
+    auto argument         = broadcastPermute.MakeArgumentPointer(ab_lengths,
+                                                         {a_strides},
+                                                         {b_strides},
+                                                         input,
+                                                         output,
+                                                         PassThrough{},
+                                                         UnaryOp{},
+                                                         Scale{scale});
+
+    if(!broadcastPermute.IsSupportedArgument(argument.get()))
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error(
+            "The runtime parameters seems not supported by the device instance, exiting!");
+    };
+
+    std::cout << "A (nchw): " << a.mDesc << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "B (nhwc): " << b.mDesc << std::endl;
+
+    auto broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr = broadcastPermute.MakeInvokerPointer();
+    float ave_time =
+        broadcastPermute_invoker_ptr->Run(argument.get(), StreamConfig{nullptr, time_kernel});
+    std::size_t flop = std::size_t(2) * nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3];
+
+    std::size_t num_btype = sizeof(ADataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]) +
+                            sizeof(BDataType) * (nchw[0] * nchw[1] * nchw[2] * nchw[3]);
+
+    float tflops = static_cast<float>(flop) / 1.E9 / ave_time;
+
+    float gb_per_sec = num_btype / 1.E6 / ave_time;
+
+    std::cout << "Perf: " << ave_time << " ms, " << tflops << " TFlops, " << gb_per_sec << " GB/s"
+              << std::endl;
+
+    bool pass = true;
+
+    if(do_verification)
+    {
+        b_device_buf.FromDevice(b.mData.data());
+        Tensor<BDataType> host_b(nhwc);
+        host_elementwise4D(host_b, a, PassThrough{}, UnaryOp{}, scale);
+
+        pass &=
+            ck::utils::check_err(b.mData, host_b.mData, "Error: Incorrect results b", 1e-3, 1e-3);
+    }
+
+    return pass ? 0 : 1;
+}