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# AGENTS.md Guide for Hugging Face Transformers
This AGENTS.md file provides guidance for code agents working with this codebase.
## Core Project Structure
- `/src/transformers`: This contains the core source code for the library
- `/models`: Code for individual models. Models inherit from base classes in the root `/src/transformers` directory.
- `/tests`: This contains the core test classes for the library. These are usually inherited rather than directly run.
- `/models`: Tests for individual models. Model tests inherit from common tests in the root `/tests` directory.
- `/docs`: This contains the documentation for the library, including guides, tutorials, and API references.
## Coding Conventions for Hugging Face Transformers
- PRs should be as brief as possible. Bugfix PRs in particular can often be only one or two lines long, and do not need large comments, docstrings or new functions in this case. Aim to minimize the size of the diff.
- When writing tests, they should be added to an existing file. The only exception is for PRs to add a new model, when a new test directory should be created for that model.
- Code style is enforced in the CI. You can install the style tools with `pip install -e .[quality]`. You can then run `make fixup` to apply style and consistency fixes to your code.
## Copying and inheritance
Many models in the codebase have similar code, but it is not shared by inheritance because we want each model file to be self-contained.
We use two mechanisms to keep this code in sync:
- "Copied from" syntax. Functions or entire classes can have a comment at the top like this: `# Copied from transformers.models.llama.modeling_llama.rotate_half` or `# Copied from transformers.models.t5.modeling_t5.T5LayerNorm with T5->MT5`
These comments are actively checked by the style tools, and copies will automatically be updated when the base code is updated. If you need to update a copied function, you should
either update the base function and use `make fixup` to propagate the change to all copies, or simply remove the `# Copied from` comment if that is inappropriate.
- "Modular" files. These files briefly define models by composing them using inheritance from other models. They are not meant to be used directly. Instead, the style tools
automatically generate a complete modeling file, like `modeling_bert.py`, from the modular file like `modular_bert.py`. If a model has a modular file, the modeling file
should never be edited directly! Instead, changes should be made in the modular file, and then you should run `make fixup` to update the modeling file automatically.
When adding new models, you should prefer `modular` style.
## Testing
After making changes, you should usually run `make fixup` to ensure any copies and modular files are updated, and then test all affected models. This includes both
the model you made the changes in and any other models that were updated by `make fixup`. Tests can be run with `pytest tests/models/[name]/test_modeling_[name].py`
If your changes affect code in other classes like tokenizers or processors, you should run those tests instead, like `test_processing_[name].py` or `test_tokenization_[name].py`.
In order to run tests, you may need to install dependencies. You can do this with `pip install -e .[testing]`. You will probably also need to `pip install torch accelerate` if your environment does not already have them.
\ No newline at end of file
cff-version: "1.2.0"
date-released: 2020-10
message: "If you use this software, please cite it using these metadata."
title: "Transformers: State-of-the-Art Natural Language Processing"
url: "https://github.com/huggingface/transformers"
authors:
- family-names: Wolf
given-names: Thomas
- family-names: Debut
given-names: Lysandre
- family-names: Sanh
given-names: Victor
- family-names: Chaumond
given-names: Julien
- family-names: Delangue
given-names: Clement
- family-names: Moi
given-names: Anthony
- family-names: Cistac
given-names: Perric
- family-names: Ma
given-names: Clara
- family-names: Jernite
given-names: Yacine
- family-names: Plu
given-names: Julien
- family-names: Xu
given-names: Canwen
- family-names: "Le Scao"
given-names: Teven
- family-names: Gugger
given-names: Sylvain
- family-names: Drame
given-names: Mariama
- family-names: Lhoest
given-names: Quentin
- family-names: Rush
given-names: "Alexander M."
preferred-citation:
type: conference-paper
authors:
- family-names: Wolf
given-names: Thomas
- family-names: Debut
given-names: Lysandre
- family-names: Sanh
given-names: Victor
- family-names: Chaumond
given-names: Julien
- family-names: Delangue
given-names: Clement
- family-names: Moi
given-names: Anthony
- family-names: Cistac
given-names: Perric
- family-names: Ma
given-names: Clara
- family-names: Jernite
given-names: Yacine
- family-names: Plu
given-names: Julien
- family-names: Xu
given-names: Canwen
- family-names: "Le Scao"
given-names: Teven
- family-names: Gugger
given-names: Sylvain
- family-names: Drame
given-names: Mariama
- family-names: Lhoest
given-names: Quentin
- family-names: Rush
given-names: "Alexander M."
booktitle: "Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations"
month: 10
start: 38
end: 45
title: "Transformers: State-of-the-Art Natural Language Processing"
year: 2020
publisher: "Association for Computational Linguistics"
url: "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.emnlp-demos.6"
address: "Online"
# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
## Our Pledge
We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our
community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
size, visible or invisible disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender
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identity and orientation.
We pledge to act and interact in ways that contribute to an open, welcoming,
diverse, inclusive, and healthy community.
## Our Standards
Examples of behavior that contributes to a positive environment for our
community include:
* Demonstrating empathy and kindness toward other people
* Being respectful of differing opinions, viewpoints, and experiences
* Giving and gracefully accepting constructive feedback
* Accepting responsibility and apologizing to those affected by our mistakes,
and learning from the experience
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Examples of unacceptable behavior include:
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Community leaders have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject
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## Scope
This Code of Conduct applies within all community spaces, and also applies when
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Examples of representing our community include using an official e-mail address,
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## Enforcement
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## Enforcement Guidelines
Community leaders will follow these Community Impact Guidelines in determining
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**Consequence**: A private, written warning from community leaders, providing
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### 2. Warning
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**Consequence**: A warning with consequences for continued behavior. No
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**Community Impact**: A serious violation of community standards, including
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**Consequence**: A temporary ban from any sort of interaction or public
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Violating these terms may lead to a permanent ban.
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**Community Impact**: Demonstrating a pattern of violation of community
standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior, harassment of an
individual, or aggression toward or disparagement of classes of individuals.
**Consequence**: A permanent ban from any sort of public interaction within the
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## Attribution
This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage],
version 2.1, available at
[https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/code_of_conduct.html][v2.1].
Community Impact Guidelines were inspired by
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For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see the FAQ at
[https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq][FAQ]. Translations are available at
[https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations][translations].
[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
[v2.1]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/code_of_conduct.html
[Mozilla CoC]: https://github.com/mozilla/diversity
[FAQ]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq
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<!---
Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# How To Request Support
This is an Open Source Project so please be mindful that like in any other project of this kind there is no obligation to answer all requests for help.
However, we want to encourage you to ask for help whenever you think it's needed! We are happy about every question we get because it allows us to better understand your needs, possible misunderstandings, and most importantly a way for you to help us make this library better. That being said, this document's main purpose is to provide guidelines at how you can formulate your requests to increase your chances to be understood and to get support.
There are two main venues to receive support: [the forums](https://discuss.huggingface.co/) and [the GitHub issues](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues).
## The Forums
[The user forums](https://discuss.huggingface.co/) are supported by the wide community of the library users and backed up by developers when needed.
If you have a difficulty with deploying this library or some questions, or you'd like to discuss a new feature, please first consider discussing those things at the forums. Only when you feel your subject matter has been crystallized and you still need support from the library developers do proceed to file an [issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues).
In particular all "Please explain" questions or objectively very user-specific feature requests belong to the forums. Here are some example of such questions:
* "I would like to use a BertModel within a RL-Agent for a customer support service. How can I use a BertForMaskedLM in my ChatBotModel?"
* "Could you please explain why T5 has no positional embedding matrix under T5Model?"
* "How should I set my generation parameters for translation?"
* "How to train T5 on De->En translation?"
## The GitHub Issues
Everything which hints at a bug should be opened as an [issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues).
You are not required to read the following guidelines before opening an issue. However, if you notice that your issue doesn't get any replies, chances are that the developers have one or several difficulties with its quality. In this case, reading the following points and adjusting your issue accordingly could help.
1. Before posting an issue, first search for already posted issues, since chances are someone has already asked a similar question before you.
If you use Google your search query should be:
```
"huggingface" "transformers" your query
```
The first two quoted words tell Google to limit the search to the context of the Huggingface Transformers. The remainder is your query - most commonly this would be the error message the software fails with. We will go deeper into details shortly.
The results of such a query will typically match GitHub issues, Hugging Face forums, StackExchange, and blogs.
If you find relevant hints, you may choose to continue the discussion there if you have follow up questions.
If what you found is similar but doesn't quite answer your problem, please, post a new issue and do include links to similar issues or forum discussions you may have found.
Let's look at some examples:
The error message, often referred to as an assertion, tells us what went wrong. Here is an example of an assertion:
```python
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/transformers/src/transformers/__init__.py", line 34, in <module>
from . import dependency_versions_check
File "/transformers/src/transformers/dependency_versions_check.py", line 34, in <module>
from .utils import is_tokenizers_available
File "/transformers/src/transformers/utils/import_utils.py", line 40, in <module>
from tqdm.auto import tqdm
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'
```
and it typically includes a traceback, so that we can see the full stack of calls the program made before it fails. This gives us the context to know why the program failed.
Going back to the above example. If you received this error search, look at the very last line of the error which is:
```python
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'
```
And now we can use it to do the searching on your favorite search engine:
1. first for `"huggingface" "transformers" "ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'"`
2. if you don't find relevant results, then search for just `"ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'"`
3. and finally if nothing still comes up, then remove the outside quotes: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'`
If the error includes any messages that include bits unique to your filesystem, always remove those in the search query since other users will not have the same filesystem as yours. For example:
```bash
python -c 'open("/tmp/wrong_path.txt", "r")'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/wrong_path.txt'
```
Here you'd search for just: `"FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory"`
If the local information that you removed were inside the error message and you removed them you may need to remove double quotes since your query is no longer exact. So if the error message was something like:
```bash
ValueError: '/tmp/wrong_path.txt' cannot be found
```
then you'd search for `"ValueError" "cannot be found"`
As you search you will notice that when you don't use quotes often the search engines will return a variety of unrelated hits, which may or may not be what you want.
Experiment with different ways and find which approach gives the most satisfactory results.
2. Keep the issue short, providing the information that you think will aid the developers to understand your situation. Put yourself in the shoes of the person who has never seen your code or knows anything about your custom setup. This mental exercise will help to develop an intuition to what/what not to share"
3. If there is a software failure, always provide the full traceback, for example:
```python
$ python -c 'import transformers'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/transformers/src/transformers/__init__.py", line 34, in <module>
from . import dependency_versions_check
File "/transformers/src/transformers/dependency_versions_check.py", line 34, in <module>
from .utils import is_tokenizers_available
File "/transformers/src/transformers/utils/import_utils.py", line 40, in <module>
from tqdm.auto import tqdm
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'
```
As compared to providing just the last line of the error message, e.g.:
```python
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tqdm.auto'
```
which is not sufficient.
If your application is running on more than one GPU (e.g. under `DistributedDataParallel`) and typically getting every log and traceback printed multiple times, please make sure that you paste only one copy of it. At times the traceback from parallel processes may get interleaved - so either disentangle these or change the loggers to log only for `local_rank==0` so that only one process logs things.
4. When quoting a traceback, command line instructions and any type of code always enclose it in triple backticks inside the editor window, that is:
````
```
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
cd transformers
pip install .
```
````
If it's a command line with a long argument list, please consider breaking it down using backslashes and new lines. Here is an example of a good command line quote:
```bash
cd examples/seq2seq
torchrun --nproc_per_node=2 ./finetune_trainer.py \
--model_name_or_path sshleifer/distill-mbart-en-ro-12-4 --data_dir wmt_en_ro \
--output_dir output_dir \
--do_train --n_train 500 --num_train_epochs 1 \
--per_device_train_batch_size 1 --freeze_embeds \
--src_lang en_XX --tgt_lang ro_RO --task translation \
--fp16
```
If you don't break it up, one has to scroll horizontally which often makes it quite difficult to quickly see what's happening.
The backslashes allow us to copy the command directly into the console to run it, without needing to edit it.
5. Include only the important information that you think will help the developer to quickly identify the problem.
For example applications often create huge amounts of logs. Ask yourself whether providing all or parts of the log is useful.
Pasting a 100-1000 lines of log into the issue is an immediate turn off, since it will take a lot of time to figure out where the pertinent parts of the log are.
Attaching a full log can be helpful if it's done as an attachment, if it's enclosed in the following html code in the comment editor window:
```
<details>
<summary>Full log</summary>
<pre>
many
lines
go
here
</pre>
</details>
```
which would result in the following entry, which can be opened if desired, but otherwise takes little space.
<details>
<summary>Full log</summary>
<pre>
many
lines
go
here
</pre>
</details>
You could also provide a link to a pastebin service, but this is less beneficial since those links tend to expire quickly and future readers of your issue might not be able to access that log file anymore and may lack some context.
6. If this is an issue in your code, do try to reduce that code to a minimal example that still demonstrates the problem. Please ask at the forums if you have a hard time figuring how to do that. Please realize that we don't have the luxury of having time to try and understand all of your custom code.
If you really tried to make a short reproducible code but couldn't figure it out, it might be that having a traceback will give the developer enough information to know what's going on. But if it is not enough and we can't reproduce the problem, we can't really solve it.
Do not despair if you can't figure it out from the beginning, just share what you can and perhaps someone else will be able to help you at the forums.
If your setup involves any custom datasets, the best way to help us reproduce the problem is to create a [Google Colab notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/) that demonstrates the issue and once you verify that the issue still exists, include a link to that notebook in the Issue. Just make sure that you don't copy and paste the location bar url of the open notebook - as this is private and we won't be able to open it. Instead, you need to click on `Share` in the right upper corner of the notebook, select `Get Link` and then copy and paste the public link it will give to you.
7. If you forked off some of this project's code or example applications, please, do not ask us to go into your code repository and figure out what you may have done. The code is already very complex and unless there is an easy way to do a diff and it's a small diff, it won't be possible to find someone with time on their hands to make a lengthy investigation. Albeit, you might find someone at the forums who will be generous to do this for you.
8. Before reporting an issue, first, always try to update your environment to the latest official version of this library. We have no resources to go and debug older revisions, which could easily have bugs that have been fixed in the latest released version.
We understand that this is not always possible, especially when APIs change, in which case file an issue against the highest library version your environment can support.
Of course, if you upgrade the library, always retest that the problem is still there.
9. Please do not ask us to reproduce an issue with your custom data, since we don't have it. So, either you should use some existing dataset supported by HF datasets or you need to supply a code that generates a small sample on the fly, or some another quick and simple way to get it.
Please do not send us any non-public domain data that may require a license or a permission to be used.
10. Do not tag multiple developers on the issue unless you know this is expected, either because you asked them and they gave you an explicit permission to tag them or the issue template instructs you to do so.
The "who to tag for what domain" part of the issue template is there to help users direct their questions to the right developers who are designated maintainers of project's specific domains. They can then decide at their own discretion to tag other developers if they feel it'd help move the issue forward.
We currently don't have a triage service and we trust your capacity to identify the right domain and thus the persons to tag in your issue. If you are not sure, please use the forums to ask for guidance.
When in doubt, err on the side of not tagging a given person. If you tag multiple people out of context or permission don't be surprised if you get no response at all. Please remember that every time you tag someone, they get a notification and you're taking their time without their permission. Please be sensitive to that.
If you got helped by one of the developers in the past please don't tag them in future issues, unless they are listed in the issue template for the domain you are asking about or that developer gave you an explicit permission to tag them in future issues.
If you see a certain developer doing multiple and/or recent commits into a specific area of the project that you feel is relevant to your issue, it is not a good reason to tag them. Various developers may be fixing things that prevent them from moving forward, but often their work is focused on a totally different domain. And while they may or may not know how to help you with the problem at hand, it would benefit the whole community much more if they focus on the domain of their unique expertise.
11. Use the Edit button. Take your time, and re-read and improve the wording and formatting to make your posts and comments as easy to understand as possible.
Avoid posting multiple comments in a row, as each comment generates a notification for the developers tagged in that issue. If you happened to post multiple comments in a row, and nobody followed up yet - consider merging those into one or a few comments while editing the combined content to be coherent.
If you choose to edit your older comments after others posted follow up comments you need to be aware that your modifications might not be noticed, so if it's not a typo fixing, try to write a new comment flagging that something has been changed in the previous comments.
For example, the very first comment is the most important one. If while the thread unfolds you realize that things aren't as they seemed to you originally you may want to edit the first post to reflect the up-to-date understanding of the issue at hand so that it helps those who read your issue in the future quickly understand what's going on and not need to sift through dozens of comments. It also helps to indicate that the post was edited. So, those reading the thread later can understand why there might be certain discontinuity in the information flow.
Use bullets and items if you have lists of items and the outcome improves overall readability.
Use backticks to refer to class and function names, e.g. `BartModel` and `generate` as these stand out and improve the speed of a reader's comprehension.
Try not use italics and bold text too much as these often make the text more difficult to read.
12. If you are cross-referencing a specific comment in a given thread or another issue, always link to that specific comment, rather than using the issue link. If you do the latter it could be quite impossible to find which specific comment you're referring to.
To get the link to the specific comment do not copy the url from the location bar of your browser, but instead, click the `...` icon in the upper right corner of the comment and then select "Copy Link".
For example the first link is a link to an issue, and the second to a specific comment in the same issue:
1. https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/9257
2. https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/9257#issuecomment-749945162
13. If you are replying to a last comment, it's totally fine to make your reply with just your comment in it. The readers can follow the information flow here.
But if you're replying to a comment that happened some comments back it's always a good practice to quote just the relevant lines you're replying it. The `>` is used for quoting, or you can always use the menu to do so. For example your editor box will look like:
```
> How big is your GPU cluster?
Our cluster is made of 256 GPUs.
```
If you are addressing multiple comments, quote the relevant parts of each before your answer. Some people use the same comment to do multiple replies, others separate them into separate comments. Either way works. The latter approach helps for linking to a specific comment.
In general the best way to figure out what works the best is learn from issues posted by other people - see which issues get great responses and which get little to no response - observe what the posters who received great responses did differently from those who did not.
Thank you for reading this somewhat lengthy document. We would like to conclude that these are not absolute rules, but a friendly advice that will help maximize the chances for us to understand what you are trying to communicate, reproduce the problem then resolve it to your satisfaction and the benefit of the whole community.
If after reading this document there are remaining questions on how and why or there is a need for further elucidation, please, don't hesitate to ask your question in [this thread](https://discuss.huggingface.co/t/how-to-request-support/3128).
Copyright 2018- The Hugging Face team. All rights reserved.
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.PHONY: deps_table_update modified_only_fixup extra_style_checks quality style fixup fix-copies test test-examples benchmark
# make sure to test the local checkout in scripts and not the pre-installed one (don't use quotes!)
export PYTHONPATH = src
check_dirs := examples tests src utils scripts benchmark benchmark_v2
exclude_folders := ""
modified_only_fixup:
@current_branch=$$(git branch --show-current); \
if [ "$$current_branch" = "main" ]; then \
echo "On main branch, running 'style' target instead..."; \
$(MAKE) style; \
else \
modified_py_files=$$(python utils/get_modified_files.py $(check_dirs)); \
if [ -n "$$modified_py_files" ]; then \
echo "Checking/fixing files: $${modified_py_files}"; \
ruff check $${modified_py_files} --fix --exclude $(exclude_folders); \
ruff format $${modified_py_files} --exclude $(exclude_folders); \
else \
echo "No library .py files were modified"; \
fi; \
fi
# Update src/transformers/dependency_versions_table.py
deps_table_update:
@python setup.py deps_table_update
deps_table_check_updated:
@md5sum src/transformers/dependency_versions_table.py > md5sum.saved
@python setup.py deps_table_update
@md5sum -c --quiet md5sum.saved || (printf "\nError: the version dependency table is outdated.\nPlease run 'make fixup' or 'make style' and commit the changes.\n\n" && exit 1)
@rm md5sum.saved
# autogenerating code
autogenerate_code: deps_table_update
# Check that the repo is in a good state
repo-consistency:
python utils/check_copies.py
python utils/check_modular_conversion.py
python utils/check_dummies.py
python utils/check_repo.py
python utils/check_inits.py
python utils/check_pipeline_typing.py
python utils/check_config_docstrings.py
python utils/check_config_attributes.py
python utils/check_doctest_list.py
python utils/update_metadata.py --check-only
python utils/check_docstrings.py
python utils/add_dates.py
# this target runs checks on all files
quality:
@python -c "from transformers import *" || (echo '🚨 import failed, this means you introduced unprotected imports! 🚨'; exit 1)
ruff check $(check_dirs) setup.py conftest.py
ruff format --check $(check_dirs) setup.py conftest.py
python utils/sort_auto_mappings.py --check_only
python utils/check_doc_toc.py
python utils/check_docstrings.py --check_all
# Format source code automatically and check is there are any problems left that need manual fixing
extra_style_checks:
python utils/sort_auto_mappings.py
python utils/check_doc_toc.py --fix_and_overwrite
# this target runs checks on all files and potentially modifies some of them
style:
ruff check $(check_dirs) setup.py conftest.py --fix --exclude $(exclude_folders)
ruff format $(check_dirs) setup.py conftest.py --exclude $(exclude_folders)
${MAKE} autogenerate_code
${MAKE} extra_style_checks
# Super fast fix and check target that only works on relevant modified files since the branch was made
fixup: modified_only_fixup extra_style_checks autogenerate_code repo-consistency
# Make marked copies of snippets of codes conform to the original
fix-copies:
python utils/check_copies.py --fix_and_overwrite
python utils/check_modular_conversion.py --fix_and_overwrite
python utils/check_dummies.py --fix_and_overwrite
python utils/check_pipeline_typing.py --fix_and_overwrite
python utils/check_doctest_list.py --fix_and_overwrite
python utils/check_docstrings.py --fix_and_overwrite
# Run tests for the library
test:
python -m pytest -n auto --dist=loadfile -s -v ./tests/
# Run tests for examples
test-examples:
python -m pytest -n auto --dist=loadfile -s -v ./examples/pytorch/
# Run benchmark
benchmark:
python3 benchmark/benchmark.py --config-dir benchmark/config --config-name generation --commit=diff backend.model=google/gemma-2b backend.cache_implementation=null,static backend.torch_compile=false,true --multirun
# Run tests for SageMaker DLC release
test-sagemaker: # install sagemaker dependencies in advance with pip install .[sagemaker]
TEST_SAGEMAKER=True python -m pytest -n auto -s -v ./tests/sagemaker
# Release stuff
pre-release:
python utils/release.py
pre-patch:
python utils/release.py --patch
post-release:
python utils/release.py --post_release
post-patch:
python utils/release.py --post_release --patch
build-release:
rm -rf dist
rm -rf build
python setup.py bdist_wheel
python setup.py sdist
python utils/check_build.py
# Bert-large infer
### Fine-tuning BERT on SQuAD1.0
The [`run_qa.py`](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/examples/pytorch/question-answering/run_qa.py) script
allows to fine-tune any model from our [hub](https://huggingface.co/models) (as long as its architecture has a `ForQuestionAnswering` version in the library) on a question-answering dataset (such as SQuAD, or any other QA dataset available in the `datasets` library, or your own csv/jsonlines files) as long as they are structured the same way as SQuAD. You might need to tweak the data processing inside the script if your data is structured differently.
**Note:** This script only works with models that have a fast tokenizer (backed by the 🤗 Tokenizers library) as it
uses special features of those tokenizers. You can check if your favorite model has a fast tokenizer in
[this table](https://huggingface.co/transformers/index.html#supported-frameworks), if it doesn't you can still use the old version of the script which can be found [here](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/legacy/question-answering).
Note that if your dataset contains samples with no possible answers (like SQuAD version 2), you need to pass along the flag `--version_2_with_negative`.
- [train-v1.1.json](https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/dataset/train-v1.1.json)
- [dev-v1.1.json](https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/dataset/dev-v1.1.json)
- [evaluate-v1.1.py](https://github.com/allenai/bi-att-flow/blob/master/squad/evaluate-v1.1.py)
- This fine-tuned model is available as a checkpoint under the reference [`bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad`](https://huggingface.co/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad).
This example code fine-tunes BERT on the SQuAD1.0 dataset.
```bash
python /nx/transformers/examples/pytorch/question-answering/run_qa.py \
--model_name_or_path /models/google-bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad \
--dataset_name squad \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--per_device_train_batch_size 12 \
--learning_rate 3e-5 \
--num_train_epochs 2 \
--max_seq_length 384 \
--doc_stride 128 \
--output_dir /nx/transformers/debug_squad/
```
Training with the previously defined hyper-parameters yields the following results:
```bash
f1 = 92.56
exact_match = 85.74
```
### 多卡推理
```
bash fine-tuning_SQuAD1.0.sh
```
### result
# Security Policy
## Hugging Face Hub, remote artefacts, and remote code
Transformers is open-source software that is tightly coupled to the Hugging Face Hub. While you have the ability to use it
offline with pre-downloaded model weights, it provides a very simple way to download, use, and manage models locally.
When downloading artefacts that have been uploaded by others on any platform, you expose yourself to risks. Please
read below for the security recommendations in order to keep your runtime and local environment safe.
### Remote artefacts
Models uploaded on the Hugging Face Hub come in different formats. We heavily recommend uploading and downloading
models in the [`safetensors`](https://github.com/huggingface/safetensors) format (which is the default prioritized
by the transformers library), as developed specifically to prevent arbitrary code execution on your system.
To avoid loading models from unsafe formats (e.g. [pickle](https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html), you should use the `use_safetensors` parameter. If doing so, in the event that no .safetensors file is present, transformers will error when loading the model.
### Remote code
#### Modeling
Transformers supports many model architectures, but is also the bridge between your Python runtime and models that
are stored in model repositories on the Hugging Face Hub.
These models require the `trust_remote_code=True` parameter to be set when using them; please **always** verify
the content of the modeling files when using this argument. We recommend setting a revision in order to ensure you
protect yourself from updates on the repository.
## Reporting a Vulnerability
Feel free to submit vulnerability reports to [security@huggingface.co](mailto:security@huggingface.co), where someone from the HF security team will review and recommend next steps. If reporting a vulnerability specific to open source, please note [Huntr](https://huntr.com) is a vulnerability disclosure program for open source software.
This diff is collapsed.
benchmark_results/
\ No newline at end of file
# Benchmarks
You might want to add new benchmarks.
You will need to define a python function named `run_benchmark` in your python file and the file must be located in this `benchmark/` directory.
The expected function signature is the following:
```py
def run_benchmark(logger: Logger, branch: str, commit_id: str, commit_msg: str, num_tokens_to_generate=100):
```
## Writing metrics to the database
`MetricsRecorder` is thread-safe, in the sense of the python [`Thread`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/threading.html#threading.Thread). This means you can start a background thread to do the readings on the device measurements while not blocking the main thread to execute the model measurements.
cf [`llama.py`](./llama.py) to see an example of this in practice.
```py
from benchmarks_entrypoint import MetricsRecorder
import psycopg2
def run_benchmark(logger: Logger, branch: str, commit_id: str, commit_msg: str, num_tokens_to_generate=100):
metrics_recorder = MetricsRecorder(psycopg2.connect("dbname=metrics"), logger, branch, commit_id, commit_msg)
benchmark_id = metrics_recorder.initialise_benchmark({"gpu_name": gpu_name, "model_id": model_id})
# To collect device measurements
metrics_recorder.collect_device_measurements(
benchmark_id, cpu_util, mem_megabytes, gpu_util, gpu_mem_megabytes
)
# To collect your model measurements
metrics_recorder.collect_model_measurements(
benchmark_id,
{
"model_load_time": model_load_time,
"first_eager_forward_pass_time_secs": first_eager_fwd_pass_time,
"second_eager_forward_pass_time_secs": second_eager_fwd_pass_time,
"first_eager_generate_time_secs": first_eager_generate_time,
"second_eager_generate_time_secs": second_eager_generate_time,
"time_to_first_token_secs": time_to_first_token,
"time_to_second_token_secs": time_to_second_token,
"time_to_third_token_secs": time_to_third_token,
"time_to_next_token_mean_secs": mean_time_to_next_token,
"first_compile_generate_time_secs": first_compile_generate_time,
"second_compile_generate_time_secs": second_compile_generate_time,
"third_compile_generate_time_secs": third_compile_generate_time,
"fourth_compile_generate_time_secs": fourth_compile_generate_time,
},
)
```
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
from logging import Logger
from threading import Event, Thread
from time import perf_counter, sleep
# Add the parent directory to Python path to import benchmarks_entrypoint
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
import gpustat
import psutil
import psycopg2
from benchmarks_entrypoint import MetricsRecorder
# Optional heavy ML dependencies - only required when actually running the benchmark
try:
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, GenerationConfig, StaticCache
TRANSFORMERS_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
TRANSFORMERS_AVAILABLE = False
torch = None
AutoModelForCausalLM = None
AutoTokenizer = None
GenerationConfig = None
StaticCache = None
os.environ["HF_XET_HIGH_PERFORMANCE"] = "1"
os.environ["TOKENIZERS_PARALLELISM"] = "1"
# Only set torch precision if torch is available
if TRANSFORMERS_AVAILABLE:
torch.set_float32_matmul_precision("high")
def collect_metrics(benchmark_id, continue_metric_collection, metrics_recorder):
p = psutil.Process(os.getpid())
while not continue_metric_collection.is_set():
with p.oneshot():
cpu_util = p.cpu_percent()
mem_megabytes = p.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
gpu_stats = gpustat.GPUStatCollection.new_query()
gpu_util = gpu_stats[0]["utilization.gpu"]
gpu_mem_megabytes = gpu_stats[0]["memory.used"]
metrics_recorder.collect_device_measurements(
benchmark_id, cpu_util, mem_megabytes, gpu_util, gpu_mem_megabytes
)
sleep(0.01)
def run_benchmark(
logger: Logger,
repository: str,
branch: str,
commit_id: str,
commit_msg: str,
metrics_recorder=None,
num_tokens_to_generate=100,
):
# Check if required ML dependencies are available
if not TRANSFORMERS_AVAILABLE:
logger.error("Transformers and torch are required to run the LLaMA benchmark. Please install them with:")
logger.error("pip install torch transformers")
logger.error("Skipping LLaMA benchmark due to missing dependencies.")
return
continue_metric_collection = Event()
metrics_thread = None
model_id = "meta-llama/Llama-2-7b-hf"
# If no metrics_recorder is provided, create one for backward compatibility
if metrics_recorder is None:
try:
metrics_recorder = MetricsRecorder(
psycopg2.connect("dbname=metrics"), logger, repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg, True
)
should_close_recorder = True
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Failed to create metrics recorder: {e}")
return
else:
should_close_recorder = False
try:
gpu_stats = gpustat.GPUStatCollection.new_query()
gpu_name = gpu_stats[0]["name"]
benchmark_id = metrics_recorder.initialise_benchmark({"gpu_name": gpu_name, "model_id": model_id})
logger.info(f"running benchmark #{benchmark_id} on {gpu_name} for {model_id}")
metrics_thread = Thread(
target=collect_metrics,
args=[benchmark_id, continue_metric_collection, metrics_recorder],
)
metrics_thread.start()
logger.info("started background thread to fetch device metrics")
os.environ["TOKENIZERS_PARALLELISM"] = "false" # silence warnings when compiling
device = "cuda"
logger.info("downloading weights")
# This is to avoid counting download in model load time measurement
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, dtype=torch.float16)
gen_config = GenerationConfig(do_sample=False, top_p=1, temperature=1)
logger.info("loading model")
start = perf_counter()
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
model_id, dtype=torch.float16, generation_config=gen_config
).eval()
model.to(device)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
model_load_time = end - start
logger.info(f"loaded model in: {model_load_time}s")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
prompt = "Why dogs are so cute?"
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(device)
# Specify the max length (including both the prompt and the response)
# When calling `generate` with `cache_implementation="static" later, this is also used to create a `StaticCache` object
# with sequence length = `max_length`. The longer the more you will re-use it
seq_length = inputs["input_ids"].shape[1]
model.generation_config.max_length = seq_length + num_tokens_to_generate
batch_size = inputs["input_ids"].shape[0]
# Copied from the gpt-fast repo
def multinomial_sample_one_no_sync(probs_sort): # Does multinomial sampling without a cuda synchronization
q = torch.empty_like(probs_sort).exponential_(1)
return torch.argmax(probs_sort / q, dim=-1, keepdim=True).to(dtype=torch.int)
def logits_to_probs(logits, temperature: float = 1.0, top_k: int | None = None):
logits = logits / max(temperature, 1e-5)
if top_k is not None:
v, _ = torch.topk(logits, min(top_k, logits.size(-1)))
pivot = v.select(-1, -1).unsqueeze(-1)
logits = torch.where(logits < pivot, -float("Inf"), logits)
probs = torch.nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=-1)
return probs
def sample(logits, temperature: float = 1.0, top_k: int | None = None):
probs = logits_to_probs(logits[0, -1], temperature, top_k)
idx_next = multinomial_sample_one_no_sync(probs)
return idx_next, probs
# First eager forward pass
logger.info("running first eager forward pass")
start = perf_counter()
_ = model(**inputs)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
first_eager_fwd_pass_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed first eager forward pass in: {first_eager_fwd_pass_time}s")
# Second eager forward pass (should be faster)
logger.info("running second eager forward pass")
start = perf_counter()
_ = model(**inputs)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
second_eager_fwd_pass_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed second eager forward pass in: {second_eager_fwd_pass_time}s")
# First eager generation
logger.info("running first eager generation")
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
first_eager_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed first eager generation in: {first_eager_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
# Second eager generation (should be faster)
logger.info("running second eager generation")
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
second_eager_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed second eager generation in: {second_eager_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
logger.info("running generation timing loop")
input_pos = torch.arange(0, seq_length, device=device)
inputs = inputs["input_ids"]
start = perf_counter()
with torch.nn.attention.sdpa_kernel(torch.nn.attention.SDPBackend.MATH):
logits = model(inputs, position_ids=input_pos).logits
next_token, probs = sample(logits, temperature=0.6, top_k=5)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
time_to_first_token = end - start
input_pos = torch.tensor([seq_length], device=device, dtype=torch.int)
next_token = next_token.clone()
start = perf_counter()
with torch.nn.attention.sdpa_kernel(torch.nn.attention.SDPBackend.MATH):
logits = model(next_token, position_ids=input_pos).logits
next_token, probs = sample(logits, temperature=0.6, top_k=5)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
time_to_second_token = end - start
input_pos = torch.tensor([seq_length + 1], device=device, dtype=torch.int)
next_token = next_token.clone()
start = perf_counter()
with torch.nn.attention.sdpa_kernel(torch.nn.attention.SDPBackend.MATH):
logits = model(next_token, position_ids=input_pos).logits
next_token, probs = sample(logits, temperature=0.6, top_k=5)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
time_to_third_token = end - start
logger.info("running longer generation timing loop")
total_time = 0
for i in range(20):
input_pos = torch.tensor([seq_length + 2 + i], device=device, dtype=torch.int)
next_token = next_token.clone()
start = perf_counter()
with torch.nn.attention.sdpa_kernel(torch.nn.attention.SDPBackend.MATH):
logits = model(next_token, position_ids=input_pos).logits
next_token, probs = sample(logits, temperature=0.6, top_k=5)
torch.cuda.synchronize()
end = perf_counter()
total_time += end - start
mean_time_to_next_token = total_time / 20
logger.info("running compilation benchmarks")
# Now compile the model
model = torch.compile(model, mode="max-autotune", fullgraph=True)
# StaticCache for generation
with torch.device(device):
model.setup_caches(max_batch_size=batch_size, max_seq_len=seq_length + num_tokens_to_generate)
input_pos = torch.arange(0, seq_length, device=device)
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(device)["input_ids"]
logger.info("compiling model")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, dtype=torch.float16, generation_config=gen_config)
model.to(device)
model = torch.compile(model, mode="max-autotune", fullgraph=True)
past_key_values = StaticCache(
model.config,
max_batch_size=batch_size,
device=device,
dtype=torch.float16,
max_cache_len=seq_length + 128,
)
# 1st call
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs, past_key_values=past_key_values)
end = perf_counter()
first_compile_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed first compile generation in: {first_compile_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
past_key_values = StaticCache(
model.config,
max_batch_size=batch_size,
device=device,
dtype=torch.float16,
max_cache_len=seq_length + 128,
)
# 2nd call
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs, past_key_values=past_key_values)
end = perf_counter()
second_compile_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed second compile generation in: {second_compile_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
past_key_values = StaticCache(
model.config,
max_batch_size=batch_size,
device=device,
dtype=torch.float16,
max_cache_len=seq_length + 128,
)
# 3rd call
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs, past_key_values=past_key_values)
end = perf_counter()
third_compile_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed third compile generation in: {third_compile_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
past_key_values = StaticCache(
model.config,
max_batch_size=batch_size,
device=device,
dtype=torch.float16,
max_cache_len=seq_length + 128,
)
# 4th call
start = perf_counter()
output = model.generate(**inputs, past_key_values=past_key_values)
end = perf_counter()
fourth_compile_generate_time = end - start
logger.info(f"completed fourth compile generation in: {fourth_compile_generate_time}s")
logger.info(f"generated: {tokenizer.batch_decode(output.cpu().tolist())}")
metrics_recorder.collect_model_measurements(
benchmark_id,
{
"model_load_time": model_load_time,
"first_eager_forward_pass_time_secs": first_eager_fwd_pass_time,
"second_eager_forward_pass_time_secs": second_eager_fwd_pass_time,
"first_eager_generate_time_secs": first_eager_generate_time,
"second_eager_generate_time_secs": second_eager_generate_time,
"time_to_first_token_secs": time_to_first_token,
"time_to_second_token_secs": time_to_second_token,
"time_to_third_token_secs": time_to_third_token,
"time_to_next_token_mean_secs": mean_time_to_next_token,
"first_compile_generate_time_secs": first_compile_generate_time,
"second_compile_generate_time_secs": second_compile_generate_time,
"third_compile_generate_time_secs": third_compile_generate_time,
"fourth_compile_generate_time_secs": fourth_compile_generate_time,
},
)
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Caught exception: {e}")
continue_metric_collection.set()
if metrics_thread is not None:
metrics_thread.join()
# Only close the recorder if we created it locally
if should_close_recorder:
metrics_recorder.close()
# Copyright 2024 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Run benchmark using the `optimum-benchmark` library with some customization in `transformers`.
Assume we are under `transformers` root directory: (make sure the commits are valid commits)
```bash
python benchmark/benchmark.py --config-dir benchmark/config --config-name generation --commit=9b9c7f03da625b13643e99205c691fe046461724 --metrics=decode.latency.mean,per_token.latency.mean,per_token.throughput.value backend.model=google/gemma-2b benchmark.input_shapes.sequence_length=5,7 benchmark.input_shapes.batch_size=1,2 --multirun
```
"""
import argparse
import glob
import json
import os.path
import re
import tempfile
from contextlib import contextmanager
from pathlib import Path
from git import Repo
from huggingface_hub import HfApi
from optimum_benchmark import Benchmark
from optimum_benchmark_wrapper import main
PATH_TO_REPO = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
@contextmanager
def checkout_commit(repo: Repo, commit_id: str):
"""
Context manager that checks out a given commit when entered, but gets back to the reference it was at on exit.
Args:
repo (`git.Repo`): A git repository (for instance the Transformers repo).
commit_id (`str`): The commit reference to checkout inside the context manager.
"""
current_head = repo.head.commit if repo.head.is_detached else repo.head.ref
try:
repo.git.checkout(commit_id)
yield
finally:
repo.git.checkout(current_head)
def summarize(run_dir, metrics, expand_metrics=False):
"""Produce a summary for each optimum-benchmark launched job's output directory found in `run_dir`.
Each summary's format is as follows (for `expand_metrics=False`):
```
{
"model": "google/gemma-2b",
"commit": "3cd6ed22e4d49219f300f5055e71e3929aba20d7",
"config": "benchmark.input_shapes.batch_size=1,benchmark.input_shapes.sequence_length=5",
"metrics": {
"decode.latency.mean": 1.624666809082031,
"per_token.latency.mean": 0.012843788806628804,
"per_token.throughput.value": 77.85864553330948
}
}
```
"""
reports = glob.glob(os.path.join(run_dir, "**/benchmark_report.json"), recursive=True)
report_dirs = [str(Path(report).parent) for report in reports]
summaries = []
for report_dir in report_dirs:
commit = re.search(r"/commit=([^/]+)", report_dir).groups()[0]
if not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(report_dir, "benchmark.json")):
continue
benchmark = Benchmark.from_json(os.path.join(report_dir, "benchmark.json"))
report = benchmark.report
model = benchmark.config.backend["model"]
# This looks like `benchmark.input_shapes.batch_size=1,benchmark.input_shapes.sequence_length=5`.
# (we rely on the usage of hydra's `${hydra.job.override_dirname}`.)
benchmark_name = re.sub(f"backend.model={model},*", "", report_dir)
benchmark_name = str(Path(benchmark_name).parts[-1])
if benchmark_name.startswith("commit="):
benchmark_name = benchmark.config.name
metrics_values = {}
# post-processing of report: show a few selected/important metric
for metric in metrics:
keys = metric.split(".")
value = report.to_dict()
current = metrics_values
for key in keys:
# Avoid KeyError when a user's specified metric has typo.
# TODO: Give warnings.
if key not in value:
continue
value = value[key]
if expand_metrics:
if isinstance(value, dict):
if key not in current:
current[key] = {}
current = current[key]
else:
current[key] = value
if not expand_metrics:
metrics_values[metric] = value
# show some config information
print(f"model: {model}")
print(f"commit: {commit}")
print(f"config: {benchmark_name}")
if len(metrics_values) > 0:
print("metrics:")
if expand_metrics:
print(metrics_values)
else:
for metric, value in metrics_values.items():
print(f" - {metric}: {value}")
print("-" * 80)
summary = {
"model": model,
"commit": commit,
"config": benchmark_name,
"metrics": metrics_values,
}
summaries.append(summary)
with open(os.path.join(report_dir, "summary.json"), "w") as fp:
json.dump(summary, fp, indent=4)
return summaries
def combine_summaries(summaries):
"""Combine a list of summary obtained from the function `summarize`.
The combined summary's format is as follows:
```
"google/gemma-2b": {
"benchmark.input_shapes.batch_size=1,benchmark.input_shapes.sequence_length=5": {
"3cd6ed22e4d49219f300f5055e71e3929aba20d7": {
"metrics": {"decode.latency.mean": 1.624666809082031}
},
"c97ee28b117c0abe8e08891f402065e4df6d72aa": {
"metrics": {"decode.latency.mean": 1.6278163452148438}
}
},
"benchmark.input_shapes.batch_size=2,benchmark.input_shapes.sequence_length=5": {
"3cd6ed22e4d49219f300f5055e71e3929aba20d7": {
"metrics": {"decode.latency.mean": 1.6947791748046876}
},
"c97ee28b117c0abe8e08891f402065e4df6d72aa": {
"metrics": {
"decode.latency.mean": 1.6980519409179688}
}
}
}
```
"""
combined = {}
for summary in summaries:
model = summary["model"]
config = summary["config"]
commit = summary["commit"]
if model not in combined:
combined[model] = {}
if config not in combined[model]:
combined[model][config] = {}
if commit not in combined[model][config]:
combined[model][config][commit] = {"metrics": summary["metrics"]}
with open(os.path.join(exp_run_dir, "summary.json"), "w") as fp:
json.dump(combined, fp, indent=4)
print(json.dumps(combined, indent=4))
return combined
if __name__ == "__main__":
def list_str(values):
return values.split(",")
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--config-dir", type=str, required=True, help="The path to the config directory.")
parser.add_argument("--config-name", type=str, required=True, help="The config name.")
# arguments specific to this wrapper for our own customization
parser.add_argument("--ensure_empty", type=bool, default=True, help="If to create a temporary directory.")
parser.add_argument(
"--commit",
type=list_str,
default="",
help="Comma-separated list of branch names and/or commit sha values on which the benchmark will run. If `diff` is specified, it will run on both the current head and the `main` branch.",
)
parser.add_argument("--metrics", type=str, help="The metrics to be included in the summary.")
parser.add_argument("--repo_id", type=str, default=None, help="The repository to which the file will be uploaded.")
parser.add_argument("--path_in_repo", type=str, default=None, help="Relative filepath in the repo.")
parser.add_argument("--token", type=str, default=None, help="A valid user access token (string).")
args, optimum_benchmark_args = parser.parse_known_args()
repo = Repo(PATH_TO_REPO)
metrics = [
"prefill.latency.mean",
"prefill.throughput.value",
"decode.latency.mean",
"decode.throughput.value",
"per_token.latency.mean",
"per_token.throughput.value",
]
if args.metrics is not None:
metrics = args.metrics.split(",")
# Get `backend.model` in a hacky way: We want to control the experiment flow manually.
models = [""]
for idx, arg in enumerate(optimum_benchmark_args):
if arg.startswith("backend.model="):
models = arg[len("backend.model=") :]
models = models.split(",")
break
optimum_benchmark_args = [arg for arg in optimum_benchmark_args if not arg.startswith("backend.model=")]
# Get the commit(s)
current_head = str(repo.head.commit) if repo.head.is_detached else str(repo.head.ref)
commits = [x for x in args.commit if x != ""]
if len(commits) == 0:
commits = [current_head]
elif len(commits) == 1 and commits[0] == "diff":
# compare to `main`
commits = ["main", current_head]
# Get the specified run directory
run_dir_arg_idx, run_dir = -1, None
sweep_dir_arg_idx, sweep_dir = -1, None
for idx, arg in enumerate(optimum_benchmark_args):
if arg.startswith("hydra.run.dir="):
run_dir = arg[len("hydra.run.dir=") :]
run_dir_arg_idx = idx
elif arg.startswith("hydra.sweep.dir="):
sweep_dir = arg[len("hydra.sweep.dir=") :]
sweep_dir_arg_idx = idx
exp_run_dir, arg_dix, arg_name = (
(sweep_dir, sweep_dir_arg_idx, "hydra.sweep.dir")
if "--multirun" in optimum_benchmark_args
else (run_dir, run_dir_arg_idx, "hydra.run.dir")
)
# TODO: not hardcoded
if exp_run_dir is None and args.ensure_empty:
exp_run_dir = "_benchmark"
if args.ensure_empty:
os.makedirs(exp_run_dir, exist_ok=True)
exp_run_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=exp_run_dir)
run_summaries = []
for commit in commits:
with checkout_commit(repo, commit):
commit = str(repo.head.commit)
commit_run_dir = exp_run_dir
if exp_run_dir is not None:
commit_run_dir = os.path.join(exp_run_dir, rf"commit\={commit}")
print(f"Run benchmark on commit: {commit}")
for model in models:
model_arg = [f"backend.model={model}"] if model != "" else []
dir_args = []
if commit_run_dir is not None:
if arg_dix > -1:
optimum_benchmark_args[arg_dix] = f"{arg_name}={commit_run_dir}"
else:
dir_args = [
f"hydra.sweep.dir={commit_run_dir}",
f"hydra.run.dir={commit_run_dir}/" + "${hydra.job.override_dirname}",
]
main(args.config_dir, args.config_name, model_arg + dir_args + optimum_benchmark_args)
if commit_run_dir is not None:
# Need to remove the `\` character
summaries = summarize(commit_run_dir.replace("\\", ""), metrics)
run_summaries.extend(summaries)
# aggregate the information across the commits
if exp_run_dir is not None:
with open(os.path.join(exp_run_dir, "summaries.json"), "w") as fp:
json.dump(run_summaries, fp, indent=4)
combined_summary = combine_summaries(run_summaries)
if args.repo_id is not None and args.path_in_repo is not None:
# Upload to Hub
api = HfApi()
api.upload_folder(
folder_path=exp_run_dir,
path_in_repo=args.path_in_repo,
repo_id=args.repo_id,
repo_type="dataset",
token=args.token,
)
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import argparse
import importlib.util
import json
import logging
import os
import sys
import uuid
from datetime import datetime
import pandas as pd
try:
from psycopg2.extensions import register_adapter
from psycopg2.extras import Json
register_adapter(dict, Json)
PSYCOPG2_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
PSYCOPG2_AVAILABLE = False
class ImportModuleException(Exception):
pass
class MetricsRecorder:
def __init__(
self,
connection,
logger: logging.Logger,
repository: str,
branch: str,
commit_id: str,
commit_msg: str,
collect_csv_data: bool = True,
):
self.conn = connection
self.use_database = connection is not None
if self.use_database:
self.conn.autocommit = True
self.logger = logger
self.repository = repository
self.branch = branch
self.commit_id = commit_id
self.commit_msg = commit_msg
self.collect_csv_data = collect_csv_data
# For CSV export - store all data in pandas DataFrames (only if CSV collection is enabled)
if self.collect_csv_data:
# Initialize empty DataFrames with proper schemas
self.benchmarks_df = pd.DataFrame(
columns=[
"benchmark_id",
"repository",
"branch",
"commit_id",
"commit_message",
"metadata",
"created_at",
]
)
self.device_measurements_df = pd.DataFrame(
columns=["benchmark_id", "cpu_util", "mem_megabytes", "gpu_util", "gpu_mem_megabytes", "time"]
)
self.model_measurements_df = pd.DataFrame(
columns=[
"benchmark_id",
"time",
"model_load_time",
"first_eager_forward_pass_time_secs",
"second_eager_forward_pass_time_secs",
"first_eager_generate_time_secs",
"second_eager_generate_time_secs",
"time_to_first_token_secs",
"time_to_second_token_secs",
"time_to_third_token_secs",
"time_to_next_token_mean_secs",
"first_compile_generate_time_secs",
"second_compile_generate_time_secs",
"third_compile_generate_time_secs",
"fourth_compile_generate_time_secs",
]
)
else:
self.benchmarks_df = None
self.device_measurements_df = None
self.model_measurements_df = None
def initialise_benchmark(self, metadata: dict[str, str]) -> str:
"""
Creates a new benchmark, returns the benchmark id (UUID)
"""
# Generate a unique UUID for this benchmark
benchmark_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
if self.use_database:
with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute(
"INSERT INTO benchmarks (benchmark_id, repository, branch, commit_id, commit_message, metadata) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",
(benchmark_id, self.repository, self.branch, self.commit_id, self.commit_msg, metadata),
)
self.logger.debug(f"initialised benchmark #{benchmark_id}")
# Store benchmark data for CSV export (if enabled)
if self.collect_csv_data:
# Add row to pandas DataFrame
new_row = pd.DataFrame(
[
{
"benchmark_id": benchmark_id,
"repository": self.repository,
"branch": self.branch,
"commit_id": self.commit_id,
"commit_message": self.commit_msg,
"metadata": json.dumps(metadata),
"created_at": datetime.utcnow().isoformat(),
}
]
)
self.benchmarks_df = pd.concat([self.benchmarks_df, new_row], ignore_index=True)
mode_info = []
if self.use_database:
mode_info.append("database")
if self.collect_csv_data:
mode_info.append("CSV")
mode_str = " + ".join(mode_info) if mode_info else "no storage"
self.logger.debug(f"initialised benchmark #{benchmark_id} ({mode_str} mode)")
return benchmark_id
def collect_device_measurements(self, benchmark_id: str, cpu_util, mem_megabytes, gpu_util, gpu_mem_megabytes):
"""
Collect device metrics, such as CPU & GPU usage. These are "static", as in you cannot pass arbitrary arguments to the function.
"""
# Store device measurements for CSV export (if enabled)
if self.collect_csv_data:
# Add row to pandas DataFrame
new_row = pd.DataFrame(
[
{
"benchmark_id": benchmark_id,
"cpu_util": cpu_util,
"mem_megabytes": mem_megabytes,
"gpu_util": gpu_util,
"gpu_mem_megabytes": gpu_mem_megabytes,
"time": datetime.utcnow().isoformat(),
}
]
)
self.device_measurements_df = pd.concat([self.device_measurements_df, new_row], ignore_index=True)
# Store in database if available
if self.use_database:
with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute(
"INSERT INTO device_measurements (benchmark_id, cpu_util, mem_megabytes, gpu_util, gpu_mem_megabytes) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",
(benchmark_id, cpu_util, mem_megabytes, gpu_util, gpu_mem_megabytes),
)
self.logger.debug(
f"collected device measurements for benchmark #{benchmark_id} [CPU util: {cpu_util}, mem MBs: {mem_megabytes}, GPU util: {gpu_util}, GPU mem MBs: {gpu_mem_megabytes}]"
)
def collect_model_measurements(self, benchmark_id: str, measurements: dict[str, float]):
# Store model measurements for CSV export (if enabled)
if self.collect_csv_data:
# Add row to pandas DataFrame with flattened measurements
row_data = {"benchmark_id": benchmark_id, "time": datetime.utcnow().isoformat()}
# Flatten the measurements dict into the row
row_data.update(measurements)
new_row = pd.DataFrame([row_data])
self.model_measurements_df = pd.concat([self.model_measurements_df, new_row], ignore_index=True)
# Store in database if available
if self.use_database:
with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute(
"""
INSERT INTO model_measurements (
benchmark_id,
measurements
) VALUES (%s, %s)
""",
(
benchmark_id,
measurements,
),
)
self.logger.debug(f"collected model measurements for benchmark #{benchmark_id}: {measurements}")
def export_to_csv(self, output_dir: str = "benchmark_results"):
"""
Export all collected data to CSV files using pandas DataFrames
"""
if not self.collect_csv_data:
self.logger.warning("CSV data collection is disabled - no CSV files will be generated")
return
if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
os.makedirs(output_dir)
self.logger.info(f"Created output directory: {output_dir}")
timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
files_created = []
# Export using pandas DataFrames
self._export_pandas_data(output_dir, timestamp, files_created)
self.logger.info(f"CSV export complete! Created {len(files_created)} files in {output_dir}")
def _export_pandas_data(self, output_dir: str, timestamp: str, files_created: list):
"""
Export CSV files using pandas DataFrames
"""
# Export benchmarks
benchmarks_file = os.path.join(output_dir, f"benchmarks_{timestamp}.csv")
self.benchmarks_df.to_csv(benchmarks_file, index=False)
files_created.append(benchmarks_file)
self.logger.info(f"Exported {len(self.benchmarks_df)} benchmark records to {benchmarks_file}")
# Export device measurements
device_file = os.path.join(output_dir, f"device_measurements_{timestamp}.csv")
self.device_measurements_df.to_csv(device_file, index=False)
files_created.append(device_file)
self.logger.info(f"Exported {len(self.device_measurements_df)} device measurement records to {device_file}")
# Export model measurements (already flattened)
model_file = os.path.join(output_dir, f"model_measurements_{timestamp}.csv")
self.model_measurements_df.to_csv(model_file, index=False)
files_created.append(model_file)
self.logger.info(f"Exported {len(self.model_measurements_df)} model measurement records to {model_file}")
# Create comprehensive summary using pandas operations
summary_file = os.path.join(output_dir, f"benchmark_summary_{timestamp}.csv")
self._create_summary(summary_file)
files_created.append(summary_file)
def _create_summary(self, summary_file: str):
"""
Create a comprehensive summary CSV using pandas operations
"""
if len(self.benchmarks_df) == 0:
# Create empty summary file
summary_df = pd.DataFrame()
summary_df.to_csv(summary_file, index=False)
self.logger.info(f"Created empty benchmark summary at {summary_file}")
return
# Start with benchmarks as the base
summary_df = self.benchmarks_df.copy()
# Add model measurements (join on benchmark_id)
if len(self.model_measurements_df) > 0:
# Drop 'time' column from model measurements to avoid conflicts
model_df = self.model_measurements_df.drop(columns=["time"], errors="ignore")
summary_df = summary_df.merge(model_df, on="benchmark_id", how="left")
# Calculate device measurement aggregates using pandas groupby
if len(self.device_measurements_df) > 0:
device_agg = (
self.device_measurements_df.groupby("benchmark_id")
.agg(
{
"cpu_util": ["mean", "max", "std", "count"],
"mem_megabytes": ["mean", "max", "std"],
"gpu_util": ["mean", "max", "std"],
"gpu_mem_megabytes": ["mean", "max", "std"],
}
)
.round(3)
)
# Flatten column names
device_agg.columns = [f"{col[0]}_{col[1]}" for col in device_agg.columns]
device_agg = device_agg.reset_index()
# Rename count column to be more descriptive
if "cpu_util_count" in device_agg.columns:
device_agg = device_agg.rename(columns={"cpu_util_count": "device_measurement_count"})
# Merge with summary
summary_df = summary_df.merge(device_agg, on="benchmark_id", how="left")
# Export the comprehensive summary
summary_df.to_csv(summary_file, index=False)
self.logger.info(f"Created comprehensive benchmark summary with {len(summary_df)} records at {summary_file}")
def close(self):
if self.use_database and self.conn:
self.conn.close()
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter("[%(levelname)s - %(asctime)s] %(message)s")
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
def parse_arguments() -> tuple[str, str, str, str, bool, str]:
"""
Parse command line arguments for the benchmarking CLI.
"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="CLI for benchmarking the huggingface/transformers.")
parser.add_argument(
"repository",
type=str,
help="The repository name on which the benchmarking is performed.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"branch",
type=str,
help="The branch name on which the benchmarking is performed.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"commit_id",
type=str,
help="The commit hash on which the benchmarking is performed.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"commit_msg",
type=str,
help="The commit message associated with the commit, truncated to 70 characters.",
)
parser.add_argument("--csv", action="store_true", default=False, help="Enable CSV output files generation.")
parser.add_argument(
"--csv-output-dir",
type=str,
default="benchmark_results",
help="Directory for CSV output files (default: benchmark_results).",
)
args = parser.parse_args()
# CSV is disabled by default, only enabled when --csv is used
generate_csv = args.csv
return args.repository, args.branch, args.commit_id, args.commit_msg, generate_csv, args.csv_output_dir
def import_from_path(module_name, file_path):
try:
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_name, file_path)
module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
sys.modules[module_name] = module
spec.loader.exec_module(module)
return module
except Exception as e:
raise ImportModuleException(f"failed to load python module: {e}")
def create_database_connection():
"""
Try to create a database connection. Returns None if connection fails.
"""
if not PSYCOPG2_AVAILABLE:
logger.warning("psycopg2 not available - running in CSV-only mode")
return None
try:
import psycopg2
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=metrics")
logger.info("Successfully connected to database")
return conn
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"Failed to connect to database: {e}. Running in CSV-only mode")
return None
def create_global_metrics_recorder(
repository: str, branch: str, commit_id: str, commit_msg: str, generate_csv: bool = False
) -> MetricsRecorder:
"""
Create a global metrics recorder that will be used across all benchmarks.
"""
connection = create_database_connection()
recorder = MetricsRecorder(connection, logger, repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg, generate_csv)
# Log the storage mode
storage_modes = []
if connection is not None:
storage_modes.append("database")
if generate_csv:
storage_modes.append("CSV")
if not storage_modes:
logger.warning("Running benchmarks with NO data storage (no database connection, CSV disabled)")
logger.warning("Use --csv flag to enable CSV output when database is unavailable")
else:
logger.info(f"Running benchmarks with: {' + '.join(storage_modes)} storage")
return recorder
if __name__ == "__main__":
benchmarks_folder_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
benches_folder_path = os.path.join(benchmarks_folder_path, "benches")
repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg, generate_csv, csv_output_dir = parse_arguments()
# Create a global metrics recorder
global_metrics_recorder = create_global_metrics_recorder(repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg, generate_csv)
successful_benchmarks = 0
failed_benchmarks = 0
# Automatically discover all benchmark modules in benches/ folder
benchmark_modules = []
if os.path.exists(benches_folder_path):
logger.debug(f"Scanning for benchmarks in: {benches_folder_path}")
for entry in os.scandir(benches_folder_path):
if not entry.name.endswith(".py"):
continue
if entry.name.startswith("__"): # Skip __init__.py, __pycache__, etc.
continue
# Check if the file has a run_benchmark function
try:
logger.debug(f"checking if benches/{entry.name} has run_benchmark function")
module = import_from_path(entry.name.split(".")[0], entry.path)
if hasattr(module, "run_benchmark"):
benchmark_modules.append(entry.name)
logger.debug(f"discovered benchmark: {entry.name}")
else:
logger.debug(f"skipping {entry.name} - no run_benchmark function found")
except Exception as e:
logger.debug(f"failed to check benches/{entry.name}: {e}")
else:
logger.warning(f"Benches directory not found: {benches_folder_path}")
if benchmark_modules:
logger.info(f"Discovered {len(benchmark_modules)} benchmark(s): {benchmark_modules}")
else:
logger.warning("No benchmark modules found in benches/ directory")
for module_name in benchmark_modules:
module_path = os.path.join(benches_folder_path, module_name)
try:
logger.debug(f"loading: {module_name}")
module = import_from_path(module_name.split(".")[0], module_path)
logger.info(f"running benchmarks in: {module_name}")
# Check if the module has an updated run_benchmark function that accepts metrics_recorder
try:
# Try the new signature first
module.run_benchmark(logger, repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg, global_metrics_recorder)
except TypeError:
# Fall back to the old signature for backward compatibility
logger.warning(
f"Module {module_name} using old run_benchmark signature - database connection will be created per module"
)
module.run_benchmark(logger, repository, branch, commit_id, commit_msg)
successful_benchmarks += 1
except ImportModuleException as e:
logger.error(e)
failed_benchmarks += 1
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"error running benchmarks for {module_name}: {e}")
failed_benchmarks += 1
# Export CSV results at the end (if enabled)
try:
if generate_csv:
global_metrics_recorder.export_to_csv(csv_output_dir)
logger.info(f"CSV reports have been generated and saved to the {csv_output_dir} directory")
else:
logger.info("CSV generation disabled - no CSV files created (use --csv to enable)")
logger.info(f"Benchmark run completed. Successful: {successful_benchmarks}, Failed: {failed_benchmarks}")
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Failed to export CSV results: {e}")
finally:
global_metrics_recorder.close()
defaults:
- benchmark # inheriting benchmark schema
- scenario: inference
- launcher: process
- backend: pytorch
- _self_ # for hydra 1.1 compatibility
name: pytorch_generate
launcher:
start_method: spawn
device_isolation: true
device_isolation_action: warn
backend:
device: cuda
device_ids: 0
no_weights: true
model: meta-llama/Llama-2-7b-hf
cache_implementation: static
torch_compile: true
dtype: float16
torch_compile_config:
backend: inductor
mode: reduce-overhead
fullgraph: true
scenario:
input_shapes:
batch_size: 1
sequence_length: 7
generate_kwargs:
max_new_tokens: 128
min_new_tokens: 128
do_sample: false
memory: true
latency: true
iterations: 2
duration: 0
# hydra/cli specific settings
hydra:
run:
# where to store run results
dir: runs/${name}
job:
# change working directory to the run directory
chdir: true
env_set:
# set environment variable OVERRIDE_BENCHMARKS to 1
# to not skip benchmarks that have been run before
OVERRIDE_BENCHMARKS: 1
LOG_LEVEL: WARN
sweep:
dir: multirun
subdir: ${hydra.job.override_dirname}
\ No newline at end of file
apiVersion: 1
providers:
- name: 'Transformers Benchmarks'
orgId: 1
type: file
updateIntervalSeconds: 10
allowUiUpdates: true
options:
path: /etc/grafana/dashboards
This diff is collapsed.
apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: grafana-postgresql-datasource
uid: be28nkzirtb0gd
type: postgres
url: $GRAFANA_POSTGRES_DATASOURCE_URL
user: $GRAFANA_POSTGRES_DATASOURCE_USER
secureJsonData:
password: $GRAFANA_POSTGRES_DATASOURCE_PWD
jsonData:
database: metrics
maxOpenConns: 100
maxIdleConns: 100
maxIdleConnsAuto: true
connMaxLifetime: 14400
postgresVersion: 1000
timescaledb: false
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