modeling_tf_bert.py

# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 The Google AI Language Team Authors and The HuggingFace Inc. team.
# Copyright (c) 2018, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
""" TF 2.0 BERT model. """


import logging

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf

from .configuration_bert import BertConfig
from .file_utils import MULTIPLE_CHOICE_DUMMY_INPUTS, add_start_docstrings, add_start_docstrings_to_callable
from .modeling_tf_utils import (
    TFMultipleChoiceLoss,
    TFPreTrainedModel,
    TFQuestionAnsweringLoss,
    TFSequenceClassificationLoss,
    TFTokenClassificationLoss,
    get_initializer,
    keras_serializable,
    shape_list,
)
from .tokenization_utils import BatchEncoding


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


TF_BERT_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST = [
    "bert-base-uncased",
    "bert-large-uncased",
    "bert-base-cased",
    "bert-large-cased",
    "bert-base-multilingual-uncased",
    "bert-base-multilingual-cased",
    "bert-base-chinese",
    "bert-base-german-cased",
    "bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking",
    "bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking",
    "bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad",
    "bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad",
    "bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc",
    "cl-tohoku/bert-base-japanese",
    "cl-tohoku/bert-base-japanese-whole-word-masking",
    "cl-tohoku/bert-base-japanese-char",
    "cl-tohoku/bert-base-japanese-char-whole-word-masking",
    "TurkuNLP/bert-base-finnish-cased-v1",
    "TurkuNLP/bert-base-finnish-uncased-v1",
    "wietsedv/bert-base-dutch-cased",
    # See all BERT models at https://huggingface.co/models?filter=bert
]


def gelu(x):
    """ Gaussian Error Linear Unit.
    Original Implementation of the gelu activation function in Google Bert repo when initially created.
        For information: OpenAI GPT's gelu is slightly different (and gives slightly different results):
        0.5 * x * (1 + torch.tanh(math.sqrt(2 / math.pi) * (x + 0.044715 * torch.pow(x, 3))))
        Also see https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.08415
    """
    cdf = 0.5 * (1.0 + tf.math.erf(x / tf.math.sqrt(2.0)))
    return x * cdf


def gelu_new(x):
    """Gaussian Error Linear Unit.
    This is a smoother version of the RELU.
    Original paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.08415
    Args:
        x: float Tensor to perform activation.
    Returns:
        `x` with the GELU activation applied.
    """
    cdf = 0.5 * (1.0 + tf.tanh((np.sqrt(2 / np.pi) * (x + 0.044715 * tf.pow(x, 3)))))
    return x * cdf


def swish(x):
    return x * tf.sigmoid(x)


ACT2FN = {
    "gelu": tf.keras.layers.Activation(gelu),
    "relu": tf.keras.activations.relu,
    "swish": tf.keras.layers.Activation(swish),
    "gelu_new": tf.keras.layers.Activation(gelu_new),
}


class TFBertEmbeddings(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    """Construct the embeddings from word, position and token_type embeddings.
    """

    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.vocab_size = config.vocab_size
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.initializer_range = config.initializer_range

        self.position_embeddings = tf.keras.layers.Embedding(
            config.max_position_embeddings,
            config.hidden_size,
            embeddings_initializer=get_initializer(self.initializer_range),
            name="position_embeddings",
        )
        self.token_type_embeddings = tf.keras.layers.Embedding(
            config.type_vocab_size,
            config.hidden_size,
            embeddings_initializer=get_initializer(self.initializer_range),
            name="token_type_embeddings",
        )

        # self.LayerNorm is not snake-cased to stick with TensorFlow model variable name and be able to load
        # any TensorFlow checkpoint file
        self.LayerNorm = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=config.layer_norm_eps, name="LayerNorm")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def build(self, input_shape):
        """Build shared word embedding layer """
        with tf.name_scope("word_embeddings"):
            # Create and initialize weights. The random normal initializer was chosen
            # arbitrarily, and works well.
            self.word_embeddings = self.add_weight(
                "weight",
                shape=[self.vocab_size, self.hidden_size],
                initializer=get_initializer(self.initializer_range),
            )
        super().build(input_shape)

    def call(self, inputs, mode="embedding", training=False):
        """Get token embeddings of inputs.
        Args:
            inputs: list of three int64 tensors with shape [batch_size, length]: (input_ids, position_ids, token_type_ids)
            mode: string, a valid value is one of "embedding" and "linear".
        Returns:
            outputs: (1) If mode == "embedding", output embedding tensor, float32 with
                shape [batch_size, length, embedding_size]; (2) mode == "linear", output
                linear tensor, float32 with shape [batch_size, length, vocab_size].
        Raises:
            ValueError: if mode is not valid.

        Shared weights logic adapted from
            https://github.com/tensorflow/models/blob/a009f4fb9d2fc4949e32192a944688925ef78659/official/transformer/v2/embedding_layer.py#L24
        """
        if mode == "embedding":
            return self._embedding(inputs, training=training)
        elif mode == "linear":
            return self._linear(inputs)
        else:
            raise ValueError("mode {} is not valid.".format(mode))

    def _embedding(self, inputs, training=False):
        """Applies embedding based on inputs tensor."""
        input_ids, position_ids, token_type_ids, inputs_embeds = inputs

        if input_ids is not None:
            input_shape = shape_list(input_ids)
        else:
            input_shape = shape_list(inputs_embeds)[:-1]

        seq_length = input_shape[1]
        if position_ids is None:
            position_ids = tf.range(seq_length, dtype=tf.int32)[tf.newaxis, :]
        if token_type_ids is None:
            token_type_ids = tf.fill(input_shape, 0)

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = tf.gather(self.word_embeddings, input_ids)
        position_embeddings = self.position_embeddings(position_ids)
        token_type_embeddings = self.token_type_embeddings(token_type_ids)

        embeddings = inputs_embeds + position_embeddings + token_type_embeddings
        embeddings = self.LayerNorm(embeddings)
        embeddings = self.dropout(embeddings, training=training)
        return embeddings

    def _linear(self, inputs):
        """Computes logits by running inputs through a linear layer.
            Args:
                inputs: A float32 tensor with shape [batch_size, length, hidden_size]
            Returns:
                float32 tensor with shape [batch_size, length, vocab_size].
        """
        batch_size = shape_list(inputs)[0]
        length = shape_list(inputs)[1]

        x = tf.reshape(inputs, [-1, self.hidden_size])
        logits = tf.matmul(x, self.word_embeddings, transpose_b=True)

        return tf.reshape(logits, [batch_size, length, self.vocab_size])


class TFBertSelfAttention(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        if config.hidden_size % config.num_attention_heads != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                "The hidden size (%d) is not a multiple of the number of attention "
                "heads (%d)" % (config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads)
            )
        self.output_attentions = config.output_attentions

        self.num_attention_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        assert config.hidden_size % config.num_attention_heads == 0
        self.attention_head_size = int(config.hidden_size / config.num_attention_heads)
        self.all_head_size = self.num_attention_heads * self.attention_head_size

        self.query = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            self.all_head_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="query"
        )
        self.key = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            self.all_head_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="key"
        )
        self.value = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            self.all_head_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="value"
        )

        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.attention_probs_dropout_prob)

    def transpose_for_scores(self, x, batch_size):
        x = tf.reshape(x, (batch_size, -1, self.num_attention_heads, self.attention_head_size))
        return tf.transpose(x, perm=[0, 2, 1, 3])

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        hidden_states, attention_mask, head_mask = inputs

        batch_size = shape_list(hidden_states)[0]
        mixed_query_layer = self.query(hidden_states)
        mixed_key_layer = self.key(hidden_states)
        mixed_value_layer = self.value(hidden_states)

        query_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(mixed_query_layer, batch_size)
        key_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(mixed_key_layer, batch_size)
        value_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(mixed_value_layer, batch_size)

        # Take the dot product between "query" and "key" to get the raw attention scores.
        attention_scores = tf.matmul(
            query_layer, key_layer, transpose_b=True
        )  # (batch size, num_heads, seq_len_q, seq_len_k)
        dk = tf.cast(shape_list(key_layer)[-1], tf.float32)  # scale attention_scores
        attention_scores = attention_scores / tf.math.sqrt(dk)

        if attention_mask is not None:
            # Apply the attention mask is (precomputed for all layers in TFBertModel call() function)
            attention_scores = attention_scores + attention_mask

        # Normalize the attention scores to probabilities.
        attention_probs = tf.nn.softmax(attention_scores, axis=-1)

        # This is actually dropping out entire tokens to attend to, which might
        # seem a bit unusual, but is taken from the original Transformer paper.
        attention_probs = self.dropout(attention_probs, training=training)

        # Mask heads if we want to
        if head_mask is not None:
            attention_probs = attention_probs * head_mask

        context_layer = tf.matmul(attention_probs, value_layer)

        context_layer = tf.transpose(context_layer, perm=[0, 2, 1, 3])
        context_layer = tf.reshape(
            context_layer, (batch_size, -1, self.all_head_size)
        )  # (batch_size, seq_len_q, all_head_size)

        outputs = (context_layer, attention_probs) if self.output_attentions else (context_layer,)
        return outputs


class TFBertSelfOutput(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.hidden_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="dense"
        )
        self.LayerNorm = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=config.layer_norm_eps, name="LayerNorm")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        hidden_states, input_tensor = inputs

        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states, training=training)
        hidden_states = self.LayerNorm(hidden_states + input_tensor)
        return hidden_states


class TFBertAttention(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.self_attention = TFBertSelfAttention(config, name="self")
        self.dense_output = TFBertSelfOutput(config, name="output")

    def prune_heads(self, heads):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        input_tensor, attention_mask, head_mask = inputs

        self_outputs = self.self_attention([input_tensor, attention_mask, head_mask], training=training)
        attention_output = self.dense_output([self_outputs[0], input_tensor], training=training)
        outputs = (attention_output,) + self_outputs[1:]  # add attentions if we output them
        return outputs


class TFBertIntermediate(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.intermediate_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="dense"
        )
        if isinstance(config.hidden_act, str):
            self.intermediate_act_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        else:
            self.intermediate_act_fn = config.hidden_act

    def call(self, hidden_states):
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.intermediate_act_fn(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


class TFBertOutput(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.hidden_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="dense"
        )
        self.LayerNorm = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=config.layer_norm_eps, name="LayerNorm")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        hidden_states, input_tensor = inputs

        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states, training=training)
        hidden_states = self.LayerNorm(hidden_states + input_tensor)
        return hidden_states


class TFBertLayer(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.attention = TFBertAttention(config, name="attention")
        self.intermediate = TFBertIntermediate(config, name="intermediate")
        self.bert_output = TFBertOutput(config, name="output")

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        hidden_states, attention_mask, head_mask = inputs

        attention_outputs = self.attention([hidden_states, attention_mask, head_mask], training=training)
        attention_output = attention_outputs[0]
        intermediate_output = self.intermediate(attention_output)
        layer_output = self.bert_output([intermediate_output, attention_output], training=training)
        outputs = (layer_output,) + attention_outputs[1:]  # add attentions if we output them
        return outputs


class TFBertEncoder(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.output_attentions = config.output_attentions
        self.output_hidden_states = config.output_hidden_states
        self.layer = [TFBertLayer(config, name="layer_._{}".format(i)) for i in range(config.num_hidden_layers)]

    def call(self, inputs, training=False):
        hidden_states, attention_mask, head_mask = inputs

        all_hidden_states = ()
        all_attentions = ()
        for i, layer_module in enumerate(self.layer):
            if self.output_hidden_states:
                all_hidden_states = all_hidden_states + (hidden_states,)

            layer_outputs = layer_module([hidden_states, attention_mask, head_mask[i]], training=training)
            hidden_states = layer_outputs[0]

            if self.output_attentions:
                all_attentions = all_attentions + (layer_outputs[1],)

        # Add last layer
        if self.output_hidden_states:
            all_hidden_states = all_hidden_states + (hidden_states,)

        outputs = (hidden_states,)
        if self.output_hidden_states:
            outputs = outputs + (all_hidden_states,)
        if self.output_attentions:
            outputs = outputs + (all_attentions,)
        return outputs  # outputs, (hidden states), (attentions)


class TFBertPooler(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.hidden_size,
            kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range),
            activation="tanh",
            name="dense",
        )

    def call(self, hidden_states):
        # We "pool" the model by simply taking the hidden state corresponding
        # to the first token.
        first_token_tensor = hidden_states[:, 0]
        pooled_output = self.dense(first_token_tensor)
        return pooled_output


class TFBertPredictionHeadTransform(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.hidden_size, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="dense"
        )
        if isinstance(config.hidden_act, str):
            self.transform_act_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        else:
            self.transform_act_fn = config.hidden_act
        self.LayerNorm = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=config.layer_norm_eps, name="LayerNorm")

    def call(self, hidden_states):
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.transform_act_fn(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.LayerNorm(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


class TFBertLMPredictionHead(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, input_embeddings, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.vocab_size = config.vocab_size
        self.transform = TFBertPredictionHeadTransform(config, name="transform")

        # The output weights are the same as the input embeddings, but there is
        # an output-only bias for each token.
        self.input_embeddings = input_embeddings

    def build(self, input_shape):
        self.bias = self.add_weight(shape=(self.vocab_size,), initializer="zeros", trainable=True, name="bias")
        super().build(input_shape)

    def call(self, hidden_states):
        hidden_states = self.transform(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.input_embeddings(hidden_states, mode="linear")
        hidden_states = hidden_states + self.bias
        return hidden_states


class TFBertMLMHead(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, input_embeddings, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.predictions = TFBertLMPredictionHead(config, input_embeddings, name="predictions")

    def call(self, sequence_output):
        prediction_scores = self.predictions(sequence_output)
        return prediction_scores


class TFBertNSPHead(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.seq_relationship = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            2, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="seq_relationship"
        )

    def call(self, pooled_output):
        seq_relationship_score = self.seq_relationship(pooled_output)
        return seq_relationship_score


@keras_serializable
class TFBertMainLayer(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
    config_class = BertConfig

    def __init__(self, config, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.num_hidden_layers = config.num_hidden_layers

        self.embeddings = TFBertEmbeddings(config, name="embeddings")
        self.encoder = TFBertEncoder(config, name="encoder")
        self.pooler = TFBertPooler(config, name="pooler")

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.embeddings

    def _resize_token_embeddings(self, new_num_tokens):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def _prune_heads(self, heads_to_prune):
        """ Prunes heads of the model.
            heads_to_prune: dict of {layer_num: list of heads to prune in this layer}
            See base class PreTrainedModel
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def call(
        self,
        inputs,
        attention_mask=None,
        token_type_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        head_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        training=False,
    ):
        if isinstance(inputs, (tuple, list)):
            input_ids = inputs[0]
            attention_mask = inputs[1] if len(inputs) > 1 else attention_mask
            token_type_ids = inputs[2] if len(inputs) > 2 else token_type_ids
            position_ids = inputs[3] if len(inputs) > 3 else position_ids
            head_mask = inputs[4] if len(inputs) > 4 else head_mask
            inputs_embeds = inputs[5] if len(inputs) > 5 else inputs_embeds
            assert len(inputs) <= 6, "Too many inputs."
        elif isinstance(inputs, (dict, BatchEncoding)):
            input_ids = inputs.get("input_ids")
            attention_mask = inputs.get("attention_mask", attention_mask)
            token_type_ids = inputs.get("token_type_ids", token_type_ids)
            position_ids = inputs.get("position_ids", position_ids)
            head_mask = inputs.get("head_mask", head_mask)
            inputs_embeds = inputs.get("inputs_embeds", inputs_embeds)
            assert len(inputs) <= 6, "Too many inputs."
        else:
            input_ids = inputs

        if input_ids is not None and inputs_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError("You cannot specify both input_ids and inputs_embeds at the same time")
        elif input_ids is not None:
            input_shape = shape_list(input_ids)
        elif inputs_embeds is not None:
            input_shape = shape_list(inputs_embeds)[:-1]
        else:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify either input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        if attention_mask is None:
            attention_mask = tf.fill(input_shape, 1)
        if token_type_ids is None:
            token_type_ids = tf.fill(input_shape, 0)

        # We create a 3D attention mask from a 2D tensor mask.
        # Sizes are [batch_size, 1, 1, to_seq_length]
        # So we can broadcast to [batch_size, num_heads, from_seq_length, to_seq_length]
        # this attention mask is more simple than the triangular masking of causal attention
        # used in OpenAI GPT, we just need to prepare the broadcast dimension here.
        extended_attention_mask = attention_mask[:, tf.newaxis, tf.newaxis, :]

        # Since attention_mask is 1.0 for positions we want to attend and 0.0 for
        # masked positions, this operation will create a tensor which is 0.0 for
        # positions we want to attend and -10000.0 for masked positions.
        # Since we are adding it to the raw scores before the softmax, this is
        # effectively the same as removing these entirely.

        extended_attention_mask = tf.cast(extended_attention_mask, tf.float32)
        extended_attention_mask = (1.0 - extended_attention_mask) * -10000.0

        # Prepare head mask if needed
        # 1.0 in head_mask indicate we keep the head
        # attention_probs has shape bsz x n_heads x N x N
        # input head_mask has shape [num_heads] or [num_hidden_layers x num_heads]
        # and head_mask is converted to shape [num_hidden_layers x batch x num_heads x seq_length x seq_length]
        if head_mask is not None:
            raise NotImplementedError
        else:
            head_mask = [None] * self.num_hidden_layers
            # head_mask = tf.constant([0] * self.num_hidden_layers)

        embedding_output = self.embeddings([input_ids, position_ids, token_type_ids, inputs_embeds], training=training)
        encoder_outputs = self.encoder([embedding_output, extended_attention_mask, head_mask], training=training)

        sequence_output = encoder_outputs[0]
        pooled_output = self.pooler(sequence_output)

        outputs = (sequence_output, pooled_output,) + encoder_outputs[
            1:
        ]  # add hidden_states and attentions if they are here
        return outputs  # sequence_output, pooled_output, (hidden_states), (attentions)


class TFBertPreTrainedModel(TFPreTrainedModel):
    """ An abstract class to handle weights initialization and
        a simple interface for downloading and loading pretrained models.
    """

    config_class = BertConfig
    base_model_prefix = "bert"


BERT_START_DOCSTRING = r"""
    This model is a `tf.keras.Model <https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/Model>`__ sub-class.
    Use it as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and
    refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

    .. note::

        TF 2.0 models accepts two formats as inputs:

            - having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or
            - having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional arguments.

        This second option is useful when using :obj:`tf.keras.Model.fit()` method which currently requires having
        all the tensors in the first argument of the model call function: :obj:`model(inputs)`.

        If you choose this second option, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors
        in the first positional argument :

        - a single Tensor with input_ids only and nothing else: :obj:`model(inputs_ids)`
        - a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
          :obj:`model([input_ids, attention_mask])` or :obj:`model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids])`
        - a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
          :obj:`model({'input_ids': input_ids, 'token_type_ids': token_type_ids})`

    Parameters:
        config (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
            Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration.
            Check out the :meth:`~transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained` method to load the model weights.
"""

BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING = r"""
    Args:
        input_ids (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`{0}`):
            Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.

            Indices can be obtained using :class:`transformers.BertTokenizer`.
            See :func:`transformers.PreTrainedTokenizer.encode` and
            :func:`transformers.PreTrainedTokenizer.encode_plus` for details.

            `What are input IDs? <../glossary.html#input-ids>`__
        attention_mask (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`{0}`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices.
            Mask values selected in ``[0, 1]``:
            ``1`` for tokens that are NOT MASKED, ``0`` for MASKED tokens.

            `What are attention masks? <../glossary.html#attention-mask>`__
        token_type_ids (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`{0}`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs.
            Indices are selected in ``[0, 1]``: ``0`` corresponds to a `sentence A` token, ``1``
            corresponds to a `sentence B` token

            `What are token type IDs? <../glossary.html#token-type-ids>`__
        position_ids (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`{0}`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings.
            Selected in the range ``[0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1]``.

            `What are position IDs? <../glossary.html#position-ids>`__
        head_mask (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(num_heads,)` or :obj:`(num_layers, num_heads)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules.
            Mask values selected in ``[0, 1]``:
            :obj:`1` indicates the head is **not masked**, :obj:`0` indicates the head is **masked**.
        inputs_embeds (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, embedding_dim)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Optionally, instead of passing :obj:`input_ids` you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation.
            This is useful if you want more control over how to convert `input_ids` indices into associated vectors
            than the model's internal embedding lookup matrix.
        training (:obj:`boolean`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`False`):
            Whether to activate dropout modules (if set to :obj:`True`) during training or to de-activate them
            (if set to :obj:`False`) for evaluation.
"""


@add_start_docstrings(
    "The bare Bert Model transformer outputing raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.",
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertModel(TFBertPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)
        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING.format("(batch_size, sequence_length)"))
    def call(self, inputs, **kwargs):
        r"""
    Returns:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        last_hidden_state (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
            Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
        pooler_output (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, hidden_size)`):
            Last layer hidden-state of the first token of the sequence (classification token)
            further processed by a Linear layer and a Tanh activation function. The Linear
            layer weights are trained from the next sentence prediction (classification)
            objective during Bert pretraining. This output is usually *not* a good summary
            of the semantic content of the input, you're often better with averaging or pooling
            the sequence of hidden-states for the whole input sequence.
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`.

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.


    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertModel

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        input_ids = tf.constant(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True))[None, :]  # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        last_hidden_states = outputs[0]  # The last hidden-state is the first element of the output tuple
        """
        outputs = self.bert(inputs, **kwargs)
        return outputs


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model with two heads on top as done during the pre-training:
    a `masked language modeling` head and a `next sentence prediction (classification)` head. """,
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForPreTraining(TFBertPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.nsp = TFBertNSPHead(config, name="nsp___cls")
        self.mlm = TFBertMLMHead(config, self.bert.embeddings, name="mlm___cls")

    def get_output_embeddings(self):
        return self.bert.embeddings

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING.format("(batch_size, sequence_length)"))
    def call(self, inputs, **kwargs):
        r"""
    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        prediction_scores (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)`):
            Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
        seq_relationship_scores (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, 2)`):
            Prediction scores of the next sequence prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForPreTraining

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForPreTraining.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        input_ids = tf.constant(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True))[None, :]  # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        prediction_scores, seq_relationship_scores = outputs[:2]

        """
        outputs = self.bert(inputs, **kwargs)

        sequence_output, pooled_output = outputs[:2]
        prediction_scores = self.mlm(sequence_output, training=kwargs.get("training", False))
        seq_relationship_score = self.nsp(pooled_output)

        outputs = (prediction_scores, seq_relationship_score,) + outputs[
            2:
        ]  # add hidden states and attention if they are here

        return outputs  # prediction_scores, seq_relationship_score, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings("""Bert Model with a `language modeling` head on top. """, BERT_START_DOCSTRING)
class TFBertForMaskedLM(TFBertPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.mlm = TFBertMLMHead(config, self.bert.embeddings, name="mlm___cls")

    def get_output_embeddings(self):
        return self.bert.embeddings

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING.format("(batch_size, sequence_length)"))
    def call(self, inputs, **kwargs):
        r"""
    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        prediction_scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)`):
            Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForMaskedLM

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForMaskedLM.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        input_ids = tf.constant(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True))[None, :]  # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        prediction_scores = outputs[0]

        """
        outputs = self.bert(inputs, **kwargs)

        sequence_output = outputs[0]
        prediction_scores = self.mlm(sequence_output, training=kwargs.get("training", False))

        outputs = (prediction_scores,) + outputs[2:]  # Add hidden states and attention if they are here

        return outputs  # prediction_scores, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model with a `next sentence prediction (classification)` head on top. """, BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForNextSentencePrediction(TFBertPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.nsp = TFBertNSPHead(config, name="nsp___cls")

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING.format("(batch_size, sequence_length)"))
    def call(self, inputs, **kwargs):
        r"""
    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        seq_relationship_scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, 2)`)
            Prediction scores of the next sequence prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForNextSentencePrediction

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForNextSentencePrediction.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')

        prompt = "In Italy, pizza served in formal settings, such as at a restaurant, is presented unsliced."
        next_sentence = "The sky is blue due to the shorter wavelength of blue light."
        encoding = tokenizer.encode_plus(prompt, next_sentence, return_tensors='tf')

        logits = model(encoding['input_ids'], token_type_ids=encoding['token_type_ids'])[0]
        assert logits[0][0] < logits[0][1] # the next sentence was random
        """
        outputs = self.bert(inputs, **kwargs)

        pooled_output = outputs[1]
        seq_relationship_score = self.nsp(pooled_output)

        outputs = (seq_relationship_score,) + outputs[2:]  # add hidden states and attention if they are here

        return outputs  # seq_relationship_score, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model transformer with a sequence classification/regression head on top (a linear layer on top of
    the pooled output) e.g. for GLUE tasks. """,
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForSequenceClassification(TFBertPreTrainedModel, TFSequenceClassificationLoss):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)
        self.num_labels = config.num_labels

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)
        self.classifier = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.num_labels, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="classifier"
        )

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING)
    def call(
        self,
        input_ids=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        token_type_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        head_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        labels=None,
        training=False,
    ):
        r"""
        labels (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size,)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for computing the sequence classification/regression loss.
            Indices should be in :obj:`[0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]`.
            If :obj:`config.num_labels == 1` a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss),
            If :obj:`config.num_labels > 1` a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy).

    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        logits (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, config.num_labels)`):
            Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForSequenceClassification

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        input_ids = tf.constant(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute"))[None, :]  # Batch size 1
        labels = tf.reshape(tf.constant(1), (-1, 1)) # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids, labels=labels)
        loss, logits = outputs[:2]

        """

        outputs = self.bert(
            input_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            head_mask=head_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            training=training,
        )

        pooled_output = outputs[1]

        pooled_output = self.dropout(pooled_output, training=training)
        logits = self.classifier(pooled_output)

        outputs = (logits,) + outputs[2:]  # add hidden states and attention if they are here

        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.compute_loss(labels, logits)
            outputs = (loss,) + outputs

        return outputs  # (loss), logits, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model with a multiple choice classification head on top (a linear layer on top of
    the pooled output and a softmax) e.g. for RocStories/SWAG tasks. """,
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForMultipleChoice(TFBertPreTrainedModel, TFMultipleChoiceLoss):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)
        self.classifier = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            1, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="classifier"
        )

    @property
    def dummy_inputs(self):
        """ Dummy inputs to build the network.

        Returns:
            tf.Tensor with dummy inputs
        """
        return {"input_ids": tf.constant(MULTIPLE_CHOICE_DUMMY_INPUTS)}

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING.format("(batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length)"))
    def call(
        self,
        inputs,
        attention_mask=None,
        token_type_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        head_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        labels=None,
        training=False,
    ):
        r"""
        labels (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size,)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for computing the multiple choice classification loss.
            Indices should be in ``[0, ..., num_choices]`` where `num_choices` is the size of the second dimension
            of the input tensors. (see `input_ids` above)

    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        classification_scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, num_choices)`:
            `num_choices` is the size of the second dimension of the input tensors. (see `input_ids` above).

            Classification scores (before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForMultipleChoice

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForMultipleChoice.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        choices = ["Hello, my dog is cute", "Hello, my cat is amazing"]

        input_ids = tf.constant([tokenizer.encode(s, add_special_tokens=True) for s in choices])[None, :] # Batch size 1, 2 choices
        labels = tf.reshape(tf.constant(1), (-1, 1))
        outputs = model(input_ids, labels=labels)

        loss, classification_scores = outputs[:2]

        """
        if isinstance(inputs, (tuple, list)):
            input_ids = inputs[0]
            attention_mask = inputs[1] if len(inputs) > 1 else attention_mask
            token_type_ids = inputs[2] if len(inputs) > 2 else token_type_ids
            position_ids = inputs[3] if len(inputs) > 3 else position_ids
            head_mask = inputs[4] if len(inputs) > 4 else head_mask
            inputs_embeds = inputs[5] if len(inputs) > 5 else inputs_embeds
            assert len(inputs) <= 6, "Too many inputs."
        elif isinstance(inputs, (dict, BatchEncoding)):
            input_ids = inputs.get("input_ids")
            attention_mask = inputs.get("attention_mask", attention_mask)
            token_type_ids = inputs.get("token_type_ids", token_type_ids)
            position_ids = inputs.get("position_ids", position_ids)
            head_mask = inputs.get("head_mask", head_mask)
            inputs_embeds = inputs.get("inputs_embeds", inputs_embeds)
            assert len(inputs) <= 6, "Too many inputs."
        else:
            input_ids = inputs

        if input_ids is not None:
            num_choices = shape_list(input_ids)[1]
            seq_length = shape_list(input_ids)[2]
        else:
            num_choices = shape_list(inputs_embeds)[1]
            seq_length = shape_list(inputs_embeds)[2]

        flat_input_ids = tf.reshape(input_ids, (-1, seq_length)) if input_ids is not None else None
        flat_attention_mask = tf.reshape(attention_mask, (-1, seq_length)) if attention_mask is not None else None
        flat_token_type_ids = tf.reshape(token_type_ids, (-1, seq_length)) if token_type_ids is not None else None
        flat_position_ids = tf.reshape(position_ids, (-1, seq_length)) if position_ids is not None else None

        flat_inputs = [
            flat_input_ids,
            flat_attention_mask,
            flat_token_type_ids,
            flat_position_ids,
            head_mask,
            inputs_embeds,
        ]

        outputs = self.bert(flat_inputs, training=training)

        pooled_output = outputs[1]

        pooled_output = self.dropout(pooled_output, training=training)
        logits = self.classifier(pooled_output)
        reshaped_logits = tf.reshape(logits, (-1, num_choices))

        outputs = (reshaped_logits,) + outputs[2:]  # add hidden states and attention if they are here

        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.compute_loss(labels, reshaped_logits)
            outputs = (loss,) + outputs

        return outputs  # (loss), reshaped_logits, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model with a token classification head on top (a linear layer on top of
    the hidden-states output) e.g. for Named-Entity-Recognition (NER) tasks. """,
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForTokenClassification(TFBertPreTrainedModel, TFTokenClassificationLoss):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)
        self.num_labels = config.num_labels

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.dropout = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)
        self.classifier = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.num_labels, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="classifier"
        )

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING)
    def call(
        self,
        input_ids=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        token_type_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        head_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        labels=None,
        training=False,
    ):
        r"""
        labels (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for computing the token classification loss.
            Indices should be in ``[0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]``.

    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, config.num_labels)`):
            Classification scores (before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForTokenClassification

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForTokenClassification.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        input_ids = tf.constant(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True))[None, :]  # Batch size 1
        labels = tf.reshape(tf.constant([1] * tf.size(input_ids).numpy()), (-1, tf.size(input_ids))) # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids, labels=labels)
        loss, scores = outputs[:2]

        """
        outputs = self.bert(
            input_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            head_mask=head_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            training=training,
        )

        sequence_output = outputs[0]

        sequence_output = self.dropout(sequence_output, training=training)
        logits = self.classifier(sequence_output)

        outputs = (logits,) + outputs[2:]  # add hidden states and attention if they are here

        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.compute_loss(labels, logits)
            outputs = (loss,) + outputs

        return outputs  # (loss), logits, (hidden_states), (attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """Bert Model with a span classification head on top for extractive question-answering tasks like SQuAD (a linear layers on top of
    the hidden-states output to compute `span start logits` and `span end logits`). """,
    BERT_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TFBertForQuestionAnswering(TFBertPreTrainedModel, TFQuestionAnsweringLoss):
    def __init__(self, config, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)
        self.num_labels = config.num_labels

        self.bert = TFBertMainLayer(config, name="bert")
        self.qa_outputs = tf.keras.layers.Dense(
            config.num_labels, kernel_initializer=get_initializer(config.initializer_range), name="qa_outputs"
        )

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(BERT_INPUTS_DOCSTRING)
    def call(
        self,
        input_ids=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        token_type_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        head_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        start_positions=None,
        end_positions=None,
        cls_index=None,
        p_mask=None,
        is_impossible=None,
        training=False,
    ):
        r"""
        start_positions (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size,)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for position (index) of the start of the labelled span for computing the token classification loss.
            Positions are clamped to the length of the sequence (`sequence_length`).
            Position outside of the sequence are not taken into account for computing the loss.
        end_positions (:obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size,)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for position (index) of the end of the labelled span for computing the token classification loss.
            Positions are clamped to the length of the sequence (`sequence_length`).
            Position outside of the sequence are not taken into account for computing the loss.

    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.BertConfig`) and inputs:
        start_scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length,)`):
            Span-start scores (before SoftMax).
        end_scores (:obj:`Numpy array` or :obj:`tf.Tensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length,)`):
            Span-end scores (before SoftMax).
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when :obj:`config.output_hidden_states=True`):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(tf.Tensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            tuple of :obj:`tf.Tensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`:

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.

    Examples::

        import tensorflow as tf
        from transformers import BertTokenizer, TFBertForQuestionAnswering

        tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
        model = TFBertForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained('bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad')
        question, text = "Who was Jim Henson?", "Jim Henson was a nice puppet"
        input_dict = tokenizer.encode_plus(question, text, return_tensors='tf')
        start_scores, end_scores = model(input_dict)

        all_tokens = tokenizer.convert_ids_to_tokens(input_dict["input_ids"].numpy()[0])
        answer = ' '.join(all_tokens[tf.math.argmax(start_scores, 1)[0] : tf.math.argmax(end_scores, 1)[0]+1])
        assert answer == "a nice puppet"

        """
        outputs = self.bert(
            input_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            head_mask=head_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            training=training,
        )

        sequence_output = outputs[0]

        logits = self.qa_outputs(sequence_output)
        start_logits, end_logits = tf.split(logits, 2, axis=-1)
        start_logits = tf.squeeze(start_logits, axis=-1)
        end_logits = tf.squeeze(end_logits, axis=-1)

        outputs = (start_logits, end_logits,) + outputs[2:]

        if start_positions is not None and end_positions is not None:
            labels = {"start_position": start_positions}
            labels["end_position"] = end_positions
            loss = self.compute_loss(labels, outputs[:2])
            outputs = (loss,) + outputs

        return outputs  # (loss), start_logits, end_logits, (hidden_states), (attentions)