run_pplm.py

#! /usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 The Uber AI Team Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# TODO: add code for training a custom discriminator

"""
Example command with bag of words:
python examples/run_pplm.py -B space --cond_text "The president" --length 100 --gamma 1.5 --num_iterations 3 --num_samples 10 --stepsize 0.01 --window_length 5 --kl_scale 0.01 --gm_scale 0.95

Example command with discriminator:
python examples/run_pplm.py -D sentiment --label_class 3 --cond_text "The lake" --length 10 --gamma 1.0 --num_iterations 30 --num_samples 10 --stepsize 0.01 --kl_scale 0.01 --gm_scale 0.95
"""

import argparse
from operator import add
from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.autograd import Variable
from tqdm import trange

from transformers import GPT2Tokenizer
from transformers.file_utils import cached_path
from transformers.modeling_gpt2 import GPT2LMHeadModel


PPLM_BOW = 1
PPLM_DISCRIM = 2
PPLM_BOW_DISCRIM = 3
SMALL_CONST = 1e-15
SmallConst = 1e-15
TOKENIZER = GPT2Tokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2-medium")

BAG_OF_WORDS_ARCHIVE_MAP = {
    'kitchen': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/kitchen.txt",
    'legal': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/legal.txt",
    'military': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/military.txt",
    'monsters': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/monsters.txt",
    'politics': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/politics.txt",
    'positive_words': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/positive_words.txt",
    'religion': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/religion.txt",
    'science': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/science.txt",
    'space': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/space.txt",
    'technology': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/bow/technology.txt",
}

DISCRIMINATOR_MODELS_PARAMS = {
    "clickbait": {
        "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/discriminators/clickbait_classifierhead.pt",
        "class_size": 2,
        "embed_size": 1024,
        "class_vocab": {"non_clickbait": 0, "clickbait": 1},
        "default_class": 1,
    },
    "sentiment": {
        "url": "http://s.yosinski.com/SST_classifier_head.pt",
        "class_size": 5,
        "embed_size": 1024,
        "class_vocab": {"very_positive": 2, "very_negative": 3},
        "default_class": 3,
    },
    "toxicity": {
        "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/pplm/discriminators/toxicity_classifierhead.pt",
        "class_size": 2,
        "embed_size": 1024,
        "class_vocab": {"non_toxic": 0, "toxic": 1},
        "default_class": 0,
    },
}


def to_var(x, requires_grad=False, volatile=False):
    if torch.cuda.is_available():
        x = x.cuda()
    return Variable(x, requires_grad=requires_grad, volatile=volatile)


def top_k_filter(logits, k, probs=False):
    """
    Masks everything but the k top entries as -infinity (1e10).
    Used to mask logits such that e^-infinity -> 0 won't contribute to the
    sum of the denominator.
    """
    if k == 0:
        return logits
    else:
        values = torch.topk(logits, k)[0]
        batch_mins = values[:, -1].view(-1, 1).expand_as(logits)
        if probs:
            return torch.where(logits < batch_mins,
                               torch.ones_like(logits) * 0.0, logits)
        return torch.where(logits < batch_mins, torch.ones_like(logits) * -1e10,
                           logits)


class ClassificationHead(torch.nn.Module):
    """ Classification Head for the transformer """

    def __init__(self, class_size=5, embed_size=2048):
        super(ClassificationHead, self).__init__()
        self.class_size = class_size
        self.embed_size = embed_size
        # self.mlp1 = torch.nn.Linear(embed_size, embed_size)
        # self.mlp2 = (torch.nn.Linear(embed_size, class_size))
        self.mlp = torch.nn.Linear(embed_size, class_size)

    def forward(self, hidden_state):
        # hidden_state = F.relu(self.mlp1(hidden_state))
        # hidden_state = self.mlp2(hidden_state)
        logits = self.mlp(hidden_state)
        return logits


def perturb_past(past, model, prev, args, classifier, good_index=None,
                 stepsize=0.01, vocab_size=50257,
                 original_probs=None, accumulated_hidden=None, true_past=None,
                 grad_norms=None):
    window_length = args.window_length
    gm_scale, kl_scale = args.gm_scale, args.kl_scale
    one_hot_vectors = []
    for good_list in good_index:
        good_list = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) <= 1, good_list))
        good_list = torch.tensor(good_list).cuda()
        num_good = good_list.shape[0]
        one_hot_good = torch.zeros(num_good, vocab_size).cuda()
        one_hot_good.scatter_(1, good_list, 1)
        one_hot_vectors.append(one_hot_good)

    # Generate inital perturbed past
    past_perturb_orig = [
        (np.random.uniform(0.0, 0.0, p.shape).astype('float32'))
        for p in past]

    if accumulated_hidden is None:
        accumulated_hidden = 0

    if args.decay:
        decay_mask = torch.arange(0., 1.0 + SmallConst, 1.0 / (window_length))[
                     1:]
    else:
        decay_mask = 1.0

    # Generate a mask is gradient perturbated is based on a past window
    _, _, _, current_length, _ = past[0].shape

    if current_length > window_length and window_length > 0:
        ones_key_val_shape = tuple(past[0].shape[:-2]) + tuple(
            [window_length]) + tuple(
            past[0].shape[-1:])

        zeros_key_val_shape = tuple(past[0].shape[:-2]) + tuple(
            [current_length - window_length]) + tuple(
            past[0].shape[-1:])

        ones_mask = torch.ones(ones_key_val_shape)
        ones_mask = decay_mask * ones_mask.permute(0, 1, 2, 4, 3)
        ones_mask = ones_mask.permute(0, 1, 2, 4, 3)

        window_mask = torch.cat((ones_mask, torch.zeros(zeros_key_val_shape)),
                                dim=-2).cuda()
    else:
        window_mask = torch.ones_like(past[0]).cuda()

    loss_per_iter = []
    for i in range(args.num_iterations):
        print("Iteration ", i + 1)
        past_perturb = [torch.from_numpy(p_) for p_ in past_perturb_orig]
        past_perturb = [to_var(p_, requires_grad=True) for p_ in past_perturb]

        perturbed_past = list(map(add, past, past_perturb))

        _, _, _, current_length, _ = past_perturb[0].shape

        # _, future_past = model(prev, past=perturbed_past)
        # hidden = model.hidden_states

        # Piero modified model call
        logits, _, all_hidden = model(prev, past=perturbed_past)
        hidden = all_hidden[-1]
        new_accumulated_hidden = accumulated_hidden + torch.sum(hidden,
                                                                dim=1).detach()

        # TODO: Check the layer-norm consistency of this with trained discriminator
        logits = logits[:, -1, :]
        probabs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1)
        loss = 0.0
        loss_list = []
        if args.loss_type == 1 or args.loss_type == 3:
            for one_hot_good in one_hot_vectors:
                good_logits = torch.mm(probabs, torch.t(one_hot_good))
                loss_word = good_logits
                loss_word = torch.sum(loss_word)
                loss_word = -torch.log(loss_word)
                # loss_word = torch.sum(loss_word) /torch.sum(one_hot_good)
                loss += loss_word
                loss_list.append(loss_word)
            print(" pplm_bow_loss:", loss.data.cpu().numpy())

        if args.loss_type == 2 or args.loss_type == 3:
            ce_loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
            new_true_past = true_past
            for i in range(args.horizon_length):
                future_probabs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1)  # Get softmax
                future_probabs = torch.unsqueeze(future_probabs, dim=1)

                # _, new_true_past = model(future_probabs, past=new_true_past)
                # future_hidden = model.hidden_states  # Get expected hidden states

                # Piero modified model call
                wte = model.resize_token_embeddings()
                inputs_embeds = torch.matmul(future_probabs, wte.weight.data)
                _, new_true_past, future_hidden = model(
                    past=new_true_past,
                    inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds
                )
                future_hidden = future_hidden[-1]

                new_accumulated_hidden = new_accumulated_hidden + torch.sum(
                    future_hidden, dim=1)

            predicted_sentiment = classifier(new_accumulated_hidden / (
                        current_length + 1 + args.horizon_length))

            label = torch.tensor([args.label_class], device='cuda',
                                 dtype=torch.long)
            discrim_loss = ce_loss(predicted_sentiment, label)
            print(" pplm_discrim_loss:", discrim_loss.data.cpu().numpy())
            loss += discrim_loss
            loss_list.append(discrim_loss)

        kl_loss = 0.0
        if kl_scale > 0.0:
            p = (F.softmax(original_probs[:, -1, :], dim=-1))
            p = p + SmallConst * (p <= SmallConst).type(
                torch.FloatTensor).cuda().detach()
            correction = SmallConst * (probabs <= SmallConst).type(
                torch.FloatTensor).cuda().detach()
            corrected_probabs = probabs + correction.detach()
            kl_loss = kl_scale * (
                (corrected_probabs * (corrected_probabs / p).log()).sum())
            print(' kl_loss', (kl_loss).data.cpu().numpy())
            loss += kl_loss  # + discrim_loss

        loss_per_iter.append(loss.data.cpu().numpy())

        print(' pplm_loss', (loss - kl_loss).data.cpu().numpy())

        loss.backward()
        if grad_norms is not None and args.loss_type == 1:
            grad_norms = [
                torch.max(grad_norms[index], torch.norm(p_.grad * window_mask))
                for index, p_ in
                enumerate(past_perturb)]
        else:
            grad_norms = [(torch.norm(p_.grad * window_mask) + SmallConst) for
                          index, p_ in enumerate(past_perturb)]

        grad = [
            -stepsize * (p_.grad * window_mask / grad_norms[
                index] ** args.gamma).data.cpu().numpy()
            for index, p_ in enumerate(past_perturb)]
        past_perturb_orig = list(map(add, grad, past_perturb_orig))

        for p_ in past_perturb:
            p_.grad.data.zero_()

        new_past = []
        for p in past:
            new_past.append(p.detach())

        past = new_past

    past_perturb = [torch.from_numpy(p_) for p_ in past_perturb_orig]
    past_perturb = [to_var(p_, requires_grad=True) for p_ in past_perturb]
    perturbed_past = list(map(add, past, past_perturb))

    return perturbed_past, new_accumulated_hidden, grad_norms, loss_per_iter


def get_classifier(
        name: Optional[str], label_class: Union[str, int],
        device: Union[str, torch.device]
) -> Tuple[Optional[ClassificationHead], Optional[int]]:
    if name is None:
        return None, None

    params = DISCRIMINATOR_MODELS_PARAMS[name]
    classifier = ClassificationHead(
        class_size=params['class_size'],
        embed_size=params['embed_size']
    ).to(device)
    resolved_archive_file = cached_path(params["url"])
    classifier.load_state_dict(
        torch.load(resolved_archive_file, map_location=device))
    classifier.eval()

    if isinstance(label_class, str):
        if label_class in params["class_vocab"]:
            label_id = params["class_vocab"][label_class]
        else:
            label_id = params["default_class"]
            print("label_class {} not in class_vocab".format(label_class))
            print("available values are: {}".format(params["class_vocab"]))
            print("using default class {}".format(label_id))

    elif isinstance(label_class, int):
        if label_class in set(params["class_vocab"].values()):
            label_id = label_class
        else:
            label_id = params["default_class"]
            print("label_class {} not in class_vocab".format(label_class))
            print("available values are: {}".format(params["class_vocab"]))
            print("using default class {}".format(label_id))

    else:
        label_id = params["default_class"]

    return classifier, label_id


def get_bag_of_words_indices(bag_of_words_ids_or_paths: List[str]) -> List[
    List[List[int]]]:
    bow_indices = []
    for id_or_path in bag_of_words_ids_or_paths:
        if id_or_path in BAG_OF_WORDS_ARCHIVE_MAP:
            filepath = cached_path(BAG_OF_WORDS_ARCHIVE_MAP[id_or_path])
        else:
            filepath = id_or_path
        with open(filepath, "r") as f:
            words = f.read().strip().split("\n")
        bow_indices.append(
            [TOKENIZER.encode(word.strip(), add_prefix_space=True) for word in
             words])
    return bow_indices


def build_bows_one_hot_vectors(bow_indices):
    if bow_indices is None:
        return None

    one_hot_bows_vectors = []
    for single_bow in bow_indices:
        single_bow = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) <= 1, single_bow))
        single_bow = torch.tensor(single_bow).cuda()
        num_words = single_bow.shape[0]
        one_hot_bow = torch.zeros(num_words, TOKENIZER.vocab_size).cuda()
        one_hot_bow.scatter_(1, single_bow, 1)
        one_hot_bows_vectors.append(one_hot_bow)
    return one_hot_bows_vectors


def latent_perturb(model, args, context=None, sample=True, device='cuda'):
    classifier, class_id = get_classifier(
        args.discrim,
        args.label_class,
        device
    )

    # if args.discrim == 'clickbait':
    #     classifier = ClassificationHead(class_size=2, embed_size=1024).to(device)
    #     classifier.load_state_dict(torch.load("discrim_models/clickbait_classifierhead.pt"))
    #     classifier.eval()
    #     args.label_class = 1 # clickbaity
    #
    # elif args.discrim == 'sentiment':
    #     classifier = ClassificationHead(class_size=5, embed_size=1024).to(device)
    #     #classifier.load_state_dict(torch.load("discrim_models/sentiment_classifierhead.pt"))
    #     classifier.load_state_dict(torch.load("discrim_models/SST_classifier_head_epoch_16.pt"))
    #     classifier.eval()
    #     if args.label_class < 0:
    #         raise Exception('Wrong class for sentiment, use --label-class 2 for *very positive*, 3 for *very negative*')
    #     #args.label_class = 2 # very pos
    #     #args.label_class = 3 # very neg
    #
    # elif args.discrim == 'toxicity':
    #     classifier = ClassificationHead(class_size=2, embed_size=1024).to(device)
    #     classifier.load_state_dict(torch.load("discrim_models/toxicity_classifierhead.pt"))
    #     classifier.eval()
    #     args.label_class = 0 # not toxic
    #
    # elif args.discrim == 'generic':
    #     if args.discrim_weights is None:
    #         raise ValueError('When using a generic discriminator, '
    #                          'discrim_weights need to be specified')
    #     if args.discrim_meta is None:
    #         raise ValueError('When using a generic discriminator, '
    #                          'discrim_meta need to be specified')
    #
    #     with open(args.discrim_meta, 'r') as discrim_meta_file:
    #         meta = json.load(discrim_meta_file)
    #
    #     classifier = ClassificationHead(
    #         class_size=meta['class_size'],
    #         embed_size=meta['embed_size'],
    #         # todo add tokenizer from meta
    #     ).to(device)
    #     classifier.load_state_dict(torch.load(args.discrim_weights))
    #     classifier.eval()
    #     if args.label_class == -1:
    #         args.label_class = meta['default_class']
    #
    # else:
    #     classifier = None

    # Get tokens for the list of positive words
    def list_tokens(word_list):
        token_list = [TOKENIZER.encode(word, add_prefix_space=True) for word in
                      word_list]
        # token_list = []
        # for word in word_list:
        #    token_list.append(TOKENIZER.encode(" " + word))
        return token_list

    # good_index = []
    # if args.bag_of_words:
    #     bags_of_words = args.bag_of_words.split(";")
    #     for wordlist in bags_of_words:
    #         with open(wordlist, "r") as f:
    #             words = f.read().strip()
    #             words = words.split('\n')
    #         good_index.append(list_tokens(words))
    #
    #     for good_list in good_index:
    #         good_list = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) <= 1, good_list))
    #         actual_words = [(TOKENIZER.decode(ww).strip(),ww) for ww in good_list]

    good_index = []
    actual_words = None
    if args.bag_of_words:
        good_index = get_bag_of_words_indices(args.bag_of_words.split(";"))

        for good_list in good_index:
            good_list = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) <= 1, good_list))
            actual_words = [(TOKENIZER.decode(ww).strip(), ww) for ww in
                            good_list]

    if args.bag_of_words and classifier:
        print("Both PPLM-BoW and PPLM-Discrim are on. This is not optimized.")
        args.loss_type = PPLM_BOW_DISCRIM

    elif args.bag_of_words:
        args.loss_type = PPLM_BOW
        print("Using PPLM-BoW")

    elif classifier is not None:
        args.loss_type = PPLM_DISCRIM
        print("Using PPLM-Discrim")

    else:
        raise Exception("Specify either --bag_of_words (-B) or --discrim (-D)")

    original, _, _ = sample_from_hidden(model=model, args=args, context=context,
                                        device=device,
                                        perturb=False, good_index=good_index,
                                        classifier=classifier)
    torch.cuda.empty_cache()

    perturbed_list = []
    discrim_loss_list = []
    loss_in_time_list = []

    for i in range(args.num_samples):
        perturbed, discrim_loss, loss_in_time = sample_from_hidden(model=model,
                                                                   args=args,
                                                                   context=context,
                                                                   device=device,
                                                                   perturb=True,
                                                                   good_index=good_index,
                                                                   classifier=classifier)
        perturbed_list.append(perturbed)
        if classifier is not None:
            discrim_loss_list.append(discrim_loss.data.cpu().numpy())
        loss_in_time_list.append(loss_in_time)

    torch.cuda.empty_cache()

    return original, perturbed_list, discrim_loss_list, loss_in_time_list, actual_words


def sample_from_hidden(model, args, classifier, context=None, past=None,
                       device='cuda',
                       sample=True, perturb=True, good_index=None):
    output = torch.tensor(context, device=device, dtype=torch.long).unsqueeze(
        0) if context else None

    grad_norms = None
    loss_in_time = []
    for i in trange(args.length, ascii=True):

        # Get past/probs for current output, except for last word
        # Note that GPT takes 2 inputs: past + current-token
        # Therefore, use everything from before current i/p token to generate relevant past

        if past is None and output is not None:
            prev = output[:, -1:]
            # _, past = model(output[:, :-1])
            # original_probs, true_past = model(output)
            # true_hidden = model.hidden_states

            # Piero modified model call
            _, past, _ = model(output[:, :-1])
            original_probs, true_past, unpert_all_hidden = model(output)
            true_hidden = unpert_all_hidden[-1]

        else:
            # original_probs, true_past = model(output)
            # true_hidden = model.hidden_states

            # Piero modified model call
            original_probs, true_past, unpert_all_hidden = model(output)
            true_hidden = unpert_all_hidden[-1]

        # Modify the past if necessary

        if i >= args.grad_length:
            current_stepsize = args.stepsize * 0
        else:
            current_stepsize = args.stepsize

        if not perturb or args.num_iterations == 0:
            perturbed_past = past

        else:
            # Piero modified model call
            # accumulated_hidden = model.hidden_states[:, :-1, :]
            accumulated_hidden = true_hidden[:, :-1, :]
            accumulated_hidden = torch.sum(accumulated_hidden, dim=1)

            perturbed_past, _, grad_norms, loss_per_iter = perturb_past(past,
                                                                        model,
                                                                        prev,
                                                                        args,
                                                                        good_index=good_index,
                                                                        stepsize=current_stepsize,
                                                                        original_probs=original_probs,
                                                                        true_past=true_past,
                                                                        accumulated_hidden=accumulated_hidden,
                                                                        classifier=classifier,
                                                                        grad_norms=grad_norms)
            loss_in_time.append(loss_per_iter)

        # Piero modified model call
        logits, past, pert_all_hidden = model(prev, past=perturbed_past)
        # test_logits = F.softmax(test_logits[:, -1, :], dim=-1)
        # likelywords = torch.topk(test_logits, k=10, dim=-1)
        # print(TOKENIZER.decode(likelywords[1].tolist()[0]))

        if classifier is not None:
            ce_loss = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
            predicted_sentiment = classifier(torch.mean(true_hidden, dim=1))
            label = torch.tensor([args.label_class], device='cuda',
                                 dtype=torch.long)
            true_discrim_loss = ce_loss(predicted_sentiment, label)
            print("true discrim loss", true_discrim_loss.data.cpu().numpy())
        else:
            true_discrim_loss = 0

        # Piero modified model call
        # hidden = model.hidden_states  # update hidden
        # logits = model.forward_hidden(hidden)
        logits = logits[:, -1, :] / args.temperature  # + SmallConst

        # logits = top_k_filter(logits, k=args.top_k)  # + SmallConst

        log_probs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1)

        # Fuse the modified model and original model
        if perturb:

            # original_probs = top_k_filter(original_probs[:, -1, :]) #+ SmallConst
            original_probs = F.softmax(original_probs[:, -1, :], dim=-1)
            # likelywords = torch.topk(original_probs, k=10, dim=-1)
            # print(TOKENIZER.decode(likelywords[1].tolist()[0]))

            gm_scale = args.gm_scale
            log_probs = ((log_probs ** gm_scale) * (
                        original_probs ** (1 - gm_scale)))  # + SmallConst

            log_probs = top_k_filter(log_probs, k=args.top_k,
                                     probs=True)  # + SmallConst

            if torch.sum(log_probs) <= 1:
                log_probs = log_probs / torch.sum(log_probs)

        else:
            logits = top_k_filter(logits, k=args.top_k)  # + SmallConst
            log_probs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1)

        if sample:
            # likelywords = torch.topk(log_probs, k=args.top_k, dim=-1)
            # print(TOKENIZER.decode(likelywords[1].tolist()[0]))
            # print(likelywords[0].tolist())
            prev = torch.multinomial(log_probs, num_samples=1)
        else:
            _, prev = torch.topk(log_probs, k=1, dim=-1)
        # if perturb:
        #     prev = future
        output = prev if output is None else torch.cat((output, prev),
                                                       dim=1)  # update output
        print(TOKENIZER.decode(output.tolist()[0]))

    return output, true_discrim_loss, loss_in_time


def run_model():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('--model_path', '-M', type=str, default='gpt2-medium',
                        help='pretrained model name or path to local checkpoint')
    parser.add_argument('--bag-of-words', '-B', type=str, default=None,
                        help='Bags of words used for PPLM-BoW. Multiple BoWs separated by ;')
    parser.add_argument('--discrim', '-D', type=str, default=None,
                        choices=(
                        'clickbait', 'sentiment', 'toxicity', 'generic'),
                        help='Discriminator to use for loss-type 2')
    parser.add_argument('--discrim_weights', type=str, default=None,
                        help='Weights for the generic discriminator')
    parser.add_argument('--discrim_meta', type=str, default=None,
                        help='Meta information for the generic discriminator')
    parser.add_argument('--label_class', type=int, default=-1,
                        help='Class label used for the discriminator')
    parser.add_argument('--stepsize', type=float, default=0.02)
    parser.add_argument("--length", type=int, default=100)
    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=0)
    parser.add_argument("--temperature", type=float, default=1.0)
    parser.add_argument("--top_k", type=int, default=10)
    parser.add_argument("--gm_scale", type=float, default=0.9)
    parser.add_argument("--kl_scale", type=float, default=0.01)
    parser.add_argument('--nocuda', action='store_true', help='no cuda')
    parser.add_argument('--uncond', action='store_true',
                        help='Generate from end-of-text as prefix')
    parser.add_argument("--cond_text", type=str, default='The lake',
                        help='Prefix texts to condition on')
    parser.add_argument('--num_iterations', type=int, default=3)
    parser.add_argument('--grad_length', type=int, default=10000)
    parser.add_argument('--num_samples', type=int, default=1,
                        help='Number of samples to generate from the modified latents')
    parser.add_argument('--horizon_length', type=int, default=1,
                        help='Length of future to optimize over')
    # parser.add_argument('--force-token', action='store_true', help='no cuda')
    parser.add_argument('--window_length', type=int, default=0,
                        help='Length of past which is being optimizer; 0 corresponds to infinite window length')
    parser.add_argument('--decay', action='store_true',
                        help='whether to decay or not')
    parser.add_argument('--gamma', type=float, default=1.5)
    parser.add_argument('--colorama', action='store_true', help='no cuda')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    torch.manual_seed(args.seed)
    np.random.seed(args.seed)

    device = 'cpu' if args.nocuda else 'cuda'

    model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained(
        args.model_path,
        output_hidden_states=True
    )
    model.to(device)
    model.eval()

    # Freeze GPT-2 weights
    for param in model.parameters():
        param.requires_grad = False
    pass

    if args.uncond:
        seq = [[50256, 50256]]

    else:
        raw_text = args.cond_text
        while not raw_text:
            print('Did you forget to add `--cond-text`? ')
            raw_text = input("Model prompt >>> ")
        seq = [[50256] + TOKENIZER.encode(raw_text)]

    collect_gen = dict()
    current_index = 0
    for out in seq:

        text = TOKENIZER.decode(out)
        print("=" * 40 + " Prefix of sentence " + "=" * 40)
        print(text)
        print("=" * 80)

        out1, out_perturb, discrim_loss_list, loss_in_time_list, actual_words = latent_perturb(
            model=model, args=args, context=out,
            device=device)

        text_whole = TOKENIZER.decode(out1.tolist()[0])

        print("=" * 80)
        print("=" * 40 + " Whole sentence (Original)" + "=" * 40)
        print(text_whole)
        print("=" * 80)

        out_perturb_copy = out_perturb

        for out_perturb in out_perturb_copy:
            # try:
            #    print("=" * 40 + " Whole sentence (Perturbed)" + "=" * 40)
            #    text_whole = TOKENIZER.decode(out_perturb.tolist()[0])
            #    print(text_whole)
            #    print("=" * 80)
            # except:
            #    pass
            # collect_gen[current_index] = [out, out_perturb, out1]
            ## Save the prefix, perturbed seq, original seq for each index
            print("=" * 40 + " Whole sentence (Perturbed)" + "=" * 40)
            keyword_tokens = [aa[-1][0] for aa in
                              actual_words] if actual_words else []
            output_tokens = out_perturb.tolist()[0]

            if args.colorama:
                import colorama

                text_whole = ''
                for out in output_tokens:
                    if out in keyword_tokens:
                        text_whole += '%s%s%s' % (
                        colorama.Fore.GREEN, TOKENIZER.decode([out]),
                        colorama.Style.RESET_ALL)
                    else:
                        text_whole += TOKENIZER.decode([out])
            else:
                text_whole = TOKENIZER.decode(out_perturb.tolist()[0])

            print(text_whole)
            print("=" * 80)

            collect_gen[current_index] = [out, out_perturb, out1]

            current_index = current_index + 1


    return


if __name__ == '__main__':
    run_model()