modeling_transfo_xl.py

# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 Google AI, Google Brain and Carnegie Mellon University Authors and the HuggingFace Inc. team.
# Copyright (c) 2018, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
""" PyTorch Transformer XL model.
    Adapted from https://github.com/kimiyoung/transformer-xl.
    In particular https://github.com/kimiyoung/transformer-xl/blob/master/pytorch/mem_transformer.py
"""


import logging

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

from .configuration_transfo_xl import TransfoXLConfig
from .file_utils import add_start_docstrings, add_start_docstrings_to_callable
from .modeling_transfo_xl_utilities import ProjectedAdaptiveLogSoftmax
from .modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

TRANSFO_XL_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_MAP = {
    "transfo-xl-wt103": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/transfo-xl-wt103-pytorch_model.bin",
}


def build_tf_to_pytorch_map(model, config):
    """ A map of modules from TF to PyTorch.
        This time I use a map to keep the PyTorch model as identical to the original PyTorch model as possible.
    """
    tf_to_pt_map = {}

    if hasattr(model, "transformer"):
        # We are loading in a TransfoXLLMHeadModel => we will load also the Adaptive Softmax
        tf_to_pt_map.update(
            {
                "transformer/adaptive_softmax/cutoff_0/cluster_W": model.crit.cluster_weight,
                "transformer/adaptive_softmax/cutoff_0/cluster_b": model.crit.cluster_bias,
            }
        )
        for i, (out_l, proj_l, tie_proj) in enumerate(
            zip(model.crit.out_layers, model.crit.out_projs, config.tie_projs)
        ):
            layer_str = "transformer/adaptive_softmax/cutoff_%d/" % i
            if config.tie_weight:
                tf_to_pt_map.update({layer_str + "b": out_l.bias})
            else:
                raise NotImplementedError
                # I don't think this is implemented in the TF code
                tf_to_pt_map.update({layer_str + "lookup_table": out_l.weight, layer_str + "b": out_l.bias})
            if not tie_proj:
                tf_to_pt_map.update({layer_str + "proj": proj_l})
        # Now load the rest of the transformer
        model = model.transformer

    # Embeddings
    for i, (embed_l, proj_l) in enumerate(zip(model.word_emb.emb_layers, model.word_emb.emb_projs)):
        layer_str = "transformer/adaptive_embed/cutoff_%d/" % i
        tf_to_pt_map.update({layer_str + "lookup_table": embed_l.weight, layer_str + "proj_W": proj_l})

    # Transformer blocks
    for i, b in enumerate(model.layers):
        layer_str = "transformer/layer_%d/" % i
        tf_to_pt_map.update(
            {
                layer_str + "rel_attn/LayerNorm/gamma": b.dec_attn.layer_norm.weight,
                layer_str + "rel_attn/LayerNorm/beta": b.dec_attn.layer_norm.bias,
                layer_str + "rel_attn/o/kernel": b.dec_attn.o_net.weight,
                layer_str + "rel_attn/qkv/kernel": b.dec_attn.qkv_net.weight,
                layer_str + "rel_attn/r/kernel": b.dec_attn.r_net.weight,
                layer_str + "ff/LayerNorm/gamma": b.pos_ff.layer_norm.weight,
                layer_str + "ff/LayerNorm/beta": b.pos_ff.layer_norm.bias,
                layer_str + "ff/layer_1/kernel": b.pos_ff.CoreNet[0].weight,
                layer_str + "ff/layer_1/bias": b.pos_ff.CoreNet[0].bias,
                layer_str + "ff/layer_2/kernel": b.pos_ff.CoreNet[3].weight,
                layer_str + "ff/layer_2/bias": b.pos_ff.CoreNet[3].bias,
            }
        )

    # Relative positioning biases
    if config.untie_r:
        r_r_list = []
        r_w_list = []
        for b in model.layers:
            r_r_list.append(b.dec_attn.r_r_bias)
            r_w_list.append(b.dec_attn.r_w_bias)
    else:
        r_r_list = [model.r_r_bias]
        r_w_list = [model.r_w_bias]
    tf_to_pt_map.update({"transformer/r_r_bias": r_r_list, "transformer/r_w_bias": r_w_list})
    return tf_to_pt_map


def load_tf_weights_in_transfo_xl(model, config, tf_path):
    """ Load tf checkpoints in a pytorch model
    """
    try:
        import numpy as np
        import tensorflow as tf
    except ImportError:
        logger.error(
            "Loading a TensorFlow models in PyTorch, requires TensorFlow to be installed. Please see "
            "https://www.tensorflow.org/install/ for installation instructions."
        )
        raise
    # Build TF to PyTorch weights loading map
    tf_to_pt_map = build_tf_to_pytorch_map(model, config)

    # Load weights from TF model
    init_vars = tf.train.list_variables(tf_path)
    tf_weights = {}
    for name, shape in init_vars:
        logger.info("Loading TF weight {} with shape {}".format(name, shape))
        array = tf.train.load_variable(tf_path, name)
        tf_weights[name] = array

    for name, pointer in tf_to_pt_map.items():
        assert name in tf_weights
        array = tf_weights[name]
        # adam_v and adam_m are variables used in AdamWeightDecayOptimizer to calculated m and v
        # which are not required for using pretrained model
        if "kernel" in name or "proj" in name:
            array = np.transpose(array)
        if ("r_r_bias" in name or "r_w_bias" in name) and len(pointer) > 1:
            # Here we will split the TF weigths
            assert len(pointer) == array.shape[0]
            for i, p_i in enumerate(pointer):
                arr_i = array[i, ...]
                try:
                    assert p_i.shape == arr_i.shape
                except AssertionError as e:
                    e.args += (p_i.shape, arr_i.shape)
                    raise
                logger.info("Initialize PyTorch weight {} for layer {}".format(name, i))
                p_i.data = torch.from_numpy(arr_i)
        else:
            try:
                assert pointer.shape == array.shape
            except AssertionError as e:
                e.args += (pointer.shape, array.shape)
                raise
            logger.info("Initialize PyTorch weight {}".format(name))
            pointer.data = torch.from_numpy(array)
        tf_weights.pop(name, None)
        tf_weights.pop(name + "/Adam", None)
        tf_weights.pop(name + "/Adam_1", None)

    logger.info("Weights not copied to PyTorch model: {}".format(", ".join(tf_weights.keys())))
    return model


class PositionalEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, demb):
        super().__init__()

        self.demb = demb

        inv_freq = 1 / (10000 ** (torch.arange(0.0, demb, 2.0) / demb))
        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq)

    def forward(self, pos_seq, bsz=None):
        sinusoid_inp = torch.ger(pos_seq, self.inv_freq)
        pos_emb = torch.cat([sinusoid_inp.sin(), sinusoid_inp.cos()], dim=-1)

        if bsz is not None:
            return pos_emb[:, None, :].expand(-1, bsz, -1)
        else:
            return pos_emb[:, None, :]


class PositionwiseFF(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, d_inner, dropout, pre_lnorm=False, layer_norm_epsilon=1e-5):
        super().__init__()

        self.d_model = d_model
        self.d_inner = d_inner
        self.dropout = dropout

        self.CoreNet = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(d_model, d_inner),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Dropout(dropout),
            nn.Linear(d_inner, d_model),
            nn.Dropout(dropout),
        )

        self.layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(d_model, eps=layer_norm_epsilon)

        self.pre_lnorm = pre_lnorm

    def forward(self, inp):
        if self.pre_lnorm:
            # layer normalization + positionwise feed-forward
            core_out = self.CoreNet(self.layer_norm(inp))

            # residual connection
            output = core_out + inp
        else:
            # positionwise feed-forward
            core_out = self.CoreNet(inp)

            # residual connection + layer normalization
            output = self.layer_norm(inp + core_out)

        return output


class RelPartialLearnableMultiHeadAttn(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        n_head,
        d_model,
        d_head,
        dropout,
        dropatt=0,
        tgt_len=None,
        ext_len=None,
        mem_len=None,
        pre_lnorm=False,
        r_r_bias=None,
        r_w_bias=None,
        output_attentions=False,
        layer_norm_epsilon=1e-5,
    ):
        super().__init__()

        self.output_attentions = output_attentions
        self.n_head = n_head
        self.d_model = d_model
        self.d_head = d_head
        self.dropout = dropout

        self.qkv_net = nn.Linear(d_model, 3 * n_head * d_head, bias=False)

        self.drop = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        self.dropatt = nn.Dropout(dropatt)
        self.o_net = nn.Linear(n_head * d_head, d_model, bias=False)

        self.layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(d_model, eps=layer_norm_epsilon)

        self.scale = 1 / (d_head ** 0.5)

        self.pre_lnorm = pre_lnorm

        if r_r_bias is None or r_w_bias is None:  # Biases are not shared
            self.r_r_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(self.n_head, self.d_head))
            self.r_w_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(self.n_head, self.d_head))
        else:
            self.r_r_bias = r_r_bias
            self.r_w_bias = r_w_bias

        self.r_net = nn.Linear(self.d_model, self.n_head * self.d_head, bias=False)

    def _rel_shift(self, x):
        zero_pad_shape = (x.size(0), 1) + x.size()[2:]
        zero_pad = torch.zeros(zero_pad_shape, device=x.device, dtype=x.dtype)
        x_padded = torch.cat([zero_pad, x], dim=1)

        x_padded_shape = (x.size(1) + 1, x.size(0)) + x.size()[2:]
        x_padded = x_padded.view(*x_padded_shape)

        x = x_padded[1:].view_as(x)

        return x

    def forward(self, w, r, attn_mask=None, mems=None, head_mask=None):
        qlen, rlen, bsz = w.size(0), r.size(0), w.size(1)

        if mems is not None:
            cat = torch.cat([mems, w], 0)
            if self.pre_lnorm:
                w_heads = self.qkv_net(self.layer_norm(cat))
            else:
                w_heads = self.qkv_net(cat)
            r_head_k = self.r_net(r)

            w_head_q, w_head_k, w_head_v = torch.chunk(w_heads, 3, dim=-1)
            w_head_q = w_head_q[-qlen:]
        else:
            if self.pre_lnorm:
                w_heads = self.qkv_net(self.layer_norm(w))
            else:
                w_heads = self.qkv_net(w)
            r_head_k = self.r_net(r)

            w_head_q, w_head_k, w_head_v = torch.chunk(w_heads, 3, dim=-1)

        klen = w_head_k.size(0)

        w_head_q = w_head_q.view(qlen, bsz, self.n_head, self.d_head)  # qlen x bsz x n_head x d_head
        w_head_k = w_head_k.view(klen, bsz, self.n_head, self.d_head)  # qlen x bsz x n_head x d_head
        w_head_v = w_head_v.view(klen, bsz, self.n_head, self.d_head)  # qlen x bsz x n_head x d_head

        r_head_k = r_head_k.view(rlen, self.n_head, self.d_head)  # qlen x n_head x d_head

        # compute attention score
        rw_head_q = w_head_q + self.r_w_bias  # qlen x bsz x n_head x d_head
        AC = torch.einsum("ibnd,jbnd->ijbn", (rw_head_q, w_head_k))  # qlen x klen x bsz x n_head

        rr_head_q = w_head_q + self.r_r_bias
        BD = torch.einsum("ibnd,jnd->ijbn", (rr_head_q, r_head_k))  # qlen x klen x bsz x n_head
        BD = self._rel_shift(BD)

        # [qlen x klen x bsz x n_head]
        attn_score = AC + BD
        attn_score.mul_(self.scale)

        # compute attention probability
        if attn_mask is not None and torch.sum(attn_mask).item():
            attn_mask = attn_mask == 1  # Switch to bool
            if attn_mask.dim() == 2:
                if next(self.parameters()).dtype == torch.float16:
                    attn_score = (
                        attn_score.float().masked_fill(attn_mask[None, :, :, None], -65000).type_as(attn_score)
                    )
                else:
                    attn_score = attn_score.float().masked_fill(attn_mask[None, :, :, None], -1e30).type_as(attn_score)
            elif attn_mask.dim() == 3:
                if next(self.parameters()).dtype == torch.float16:
                    attn_score = attn_score.float().masked_fill(attn_mask[:, :, :, None], -65000).type_as(attn_score)
                else:
                    attn_score = attn_score.float().masked_fill(attn_mask[:, :, :, None], -1e30).type_as(attn_score)

        # [qlen x klen x bsz x n_head]
        attn_prob = F.softmax(attn_score, dim=1)
        attn_prob = self.dropatt(attn_prob)

        # Mask heads if we want to
        if head_mask is not None:
            attn_prob = attn_prob * head_mask

        # compute attention vector
        attn_vec = torch.einsum("ijbn,jbnd->ibnd", (attn_prob, w_head_v))

        # [qlen x bsz x n_head x d_head]
        attn_vec = attn_vec.contiguous().view(attn_vec.size(0), attn_vec.size(1), self.n_head * self.d_head)

        # linear projection
        attn_out = self.o_net(attn_vec)
        attn_out = self.drop(attn_out)

        if self.pre_lnorm:
            # residual connection
            outputs = [w + attn_out]
        else:
            # residual connection + layer normalization
            outputs = [self.layer_norm(w + attn_out)]

        if self.output_attentions:
            outputs.append(attn_prob)

        return outputs


class RelPartialLearnableDecoderLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, n_head, d_model, d_head, d_inner, dropout, layer_norm_epsilon=1e-5, **kwargs):
        super().__init__()

        self.dec_attn = RelPartialLearnableMultiHeadAttn(
            n_head, d_model, d_head, dropout, layer_norm_epsilon=layer_norm_epsilon, **kwargs
        )
        self.pos_ff = PositionwiseFF(
            d_model, d_inner, dropout, pre_lnorm=kwargs.get("pre_lnorm"), layer_norm_epsilon=layer_norm_epsilon
        )

    def forward(self, dec_inp, r, dec_attn_mask=None, mems=None, head_mask=None):

        attn_outputs = self.dec_attn(dec_inp, r, attn_mask=dec_attn_mask, mems=mems, head_mask=head_mask)
        ff_output = self.pos_ff(attn_outputs[0])

        outputs = [ff_output] + attn_outputs[1:]

        return outputs


class AdaptiveEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, n_token, d_embed, d_proj, cutoffs, div_val=1, sample_softmax=False):
        super().__init__()

        self.n_token = n_token
        self.d_embed = d_embed

        self.cutoffs = cutoffs + [n_token]
        self.div_val = div_val
        self.d_proj = d_proj

        self.emb_scale = d_proj ** 0.5

        self.cutoff_ends = [0] + self.cutoffs

        self.emb_layers = nn.ModuleList()
        self.emb_projs = nn.ParameterList()
        if div_val == 1:
            self.emb_layers.append(nn.Embedding(n_token, d_embed, sparse=sample_softmax > 0))
            if d_proj != d_embed:
                self.emb_projs.append(nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(d_proj, d_embed)))
        else:
            for i in range(len(self.cutoffs)):
                l_idx, r_idx = self.cutoff_ends[i], self.cutoff_ends[i + 1]
                d_emb_i = d_embed // (div_val ** i)
                self.emb_layers.append(nn.Embedding(r_idx - l_idx, d_emb_i))
                self.emb_projs.append(nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(d_proj, d_emb_i)))

    def forward(self, inp):
        if self.div_val == 1:
            embed = self.emb_layers[0](inp)
            if self.d_proj != self.d_embed:
                embed = F.linear(embed, self.emb_projs[0])
        else:
            param = next(self.parameters())
            inp_flat = inp.view(-1)
            emb_flat = torch.zeros([inp_flat.size(0), self.d_proj], dtype=param.dtype, device=param.device)
            for i in range(len(self.cutoffs)):
                l_idx, r_idx = self.cutoff_ends[i], self.cutoff_ends[i + 1]

                mask_i = (inp_flat >= l_idx) & (inp_flat < r_idx)
                indices_i = mask_i.nonzero().squeeze()

                if indices_i.numel() == 0:
                    continue

                inp_i = inp_flat.index_select(0, indices_i) - l_idx
                emb_i = self.emb_layers[i](inp_i)
                emb_i = F.linear(emb_i, self.emb_projs[i])

                emb_flat.index_copy_(0, indices_i, emb_i)

            embed_shape = inp.size() + (self.d_proj,)
            embed = emb_flat.view(embed_shape)

        embed.mul_(self.emb_scale)

        return embed


class TransfoXLPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    """ An abstract class to handle weights initialization and
        a simple interface for downloading and loading pretrained models.
    """

    config_class = TransfoXLConfig
    pretrained_model_archive_map = TRANSFO_XL_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_MAP
    load_tf_weights = load_tf_weights_in_transfo_xl
    base_model_prefix = "transformer"

    def _init_weight(self, weight):
        if self.config.init == "uniform":
            nn.init.uniform_(weight, -self.config.init_range, self.config.init_range)
        elif self.config.init == "normal":
            nn.init.normal_(weight, 0.0, self.config.init_std)

    def _init_bias(self, bias):
        nn.init.constant_(bias, 0.0)

    def _init_weights(self, m):
        """ Initialize the weights.
        """
        classname = m.__class__.__name__
        if classname.find("Linear") != -1:
            if hasattr(m, "weight") and m.weight is not None:
                self._init_weight(m.weight)
            if hasattr(m, "bias") and m.bias is not None:
                self._init_bias(m.bias)
        elif classname.find("AdaptiveEmbedding") != -1:
            if hasattr(m, "emb_projs"):
                for i in range(len(m.emb_projs)):
                    if m.emb_projs[i] is not None:
                        nn.init.normal_(m.emb_projs[i], 0.0, self.config.proj_init_std)
        elif classname.find("Embedding") != -1:
            if hasattr(m, "weight"):
                self._init_weight(m.weight)
        elif classname.find("ProjectedAdaptiveLogSoftmax") != -1:
            if hasattr(m, "cluster_weight") and m.cluster_weight is not None:
                self._init_weight(m.cluster_weight)
            if hasattr(m, "cluster_bias") and m.cluster_bias is not None:
                self._init_bias(m.cluster_bias)
            if hasattr(m, "out_projs"):
                for i in range(len(m.out_projs)):
                    if m.out_projs[i] is not None:
                        nn.init.normal_(m.out_projs[i], 0.0, self.config.proj_init_std)
        elif classname.find("LayerNorm") != -1:
            if hasattr(m, "weight"):
                nn.init.normal_(m.weight, 1.0, self.config.init_std)
            if hasattr(m, "bias") and m.bias is not None:
                self._init_bias(m.bias)
        else:
            if hasattr(m, "r_emb"):
                self._init_weight(m.r_emb)
            if hasattr(m, "r_w_bias"):
                self._init_weight(m.r_w_bias)
            if hasattr(m, "r_r_bias"):
                self._init_weight(m.r_r_bias)
            if hasattr(m, "r_bias"):
                self._init_bias(m.r_bias)


TRANSFO_XL_START_DOCSTRING = r"""

    This model is a PyTorch `torch.nn.Module <https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module>`_ sub-class.
    Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general
    usage and behavior.

    Parameters:
        config (:class:`~transformers.TransfoXLConfig`): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
            Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration.
            Check out the :meth:`~transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained` method to load the model weights.
"""

TRANSFO_XL_INPUTS_DOCSTRING = r"""
    Args:
        input_ids (:obj:`torch.LongTensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length)`):
            Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.

            Indices can be obtained using :class:`transformers.TransfoXLTokenizer`.
            See :func:`transformers.PreTrainedTokenizer.encode` and
            :func:`transformers.PreTrainedTokenizer.encode_plus` for details.

            `What are input IDs? <../glossary.html#input-ids>`__
        mems (:obj:`List[torch.FloatTensor]` of length :obj:`config.n_layers`):
            Contains pre-computed hidden-states (key and values in the attention blocks) as computed by the model
            (see `mems` output below). Can be used to speed up sequential decoding. The token ids which have their mems
            given to this model should not be passed as input ids as they have already been computed.
        head_mask (:obj:`torch.FloatTensor` of shape :obj:`(num_heads,)` or :obj:`(num_layers, num_heads)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules.
            Mask values selected in ``[0, 1]``:
            :obj:`1` indicates the head is **not masked**, :obj:`0` indicates the head is **masked**.
        input_embeds (:obj:`torch.FloatTensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Optionally, instead of passing :obj:`input_ids` you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation.
            This is useful if you want more control over how to convert `input_ids` indices into associated vectors
            than the model's internal embedding lookup matrix.
"""


@add_start_docstrings(
    "The bare Bert Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.",
    TRANSFO_XL_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TransfoXLModel(TransfoXLPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.output_attentions = config.output_attentions
        self.output_hidden_states = config.output_hidden_states

        self.n_token = config.vocab_size

        self.d_embed = config.d_embed
        self.d_model = config.d_model
        self.n_head = config.n_head
        self.d_head = config.d_head

        self.word_emb = AdaptiveEmbedding(
            config.vocab_size, config.d_embed, config.d_model, config.cutoffs, div_val=config.div_val
        )

        self.drop = nn.Dropout(config.dropout)

        self.n_layer = config.n_layer

        self.tgt_len = config.tgt_len
        self.mem_len = config.mem_len
        self.ext_len = config.ext_len
        self.max_klen = config.tgt_len + config.ext_len + config.mem_len

        self.attn_type = config.attn_type

        if not config.untie_r:
            self.r_w_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(self.n_head, self.d_head))
            self.r_r_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(self.n_head, self.d_head))

        self.layers = nn.ModuleList()
        if config.attn_type == 0:  # the default attention
            for i in range(config.n_layer):
                self.layers.append(
                    RelPartialLearnableDecoderLayer(
                        config.n_head,
                        config.d_model,
                        config.d_head,
                        config.d_inner,
                        config.dropout,
                        tgt_len=config.tgt_len,
                        ext_len=config.ext_len,
                        mem_len=config.mem_len,
                        dropatt=config.dropatt,
                        pre_lnorm=config.pre_lnorm,
                        r_w_bias=None if config.untie_r else self.r_w_bias,
                        r_r_bias=None if config.untie_r else self.r_r_bias,
                        output_attentions=self.output_attentions,
                        layer_norm_epsilon=config.layer_norm_epsilon,
                    )
                )
        else:  # learnable embeddings and absolute embeddings are not used in our pretrained checkpoints
            raise NotImplementedError  # Removed them to avoid maintaining dead code

        self.same_length = config.same_length
        self.clamp_len = config.clamp_len

        if self.attn_type == 0:  # default attention
            self.pos_emb = PositionalEmbedding(self.d_model)
        else:  # learnable embeddings and absolute embeddings
            raise NotImplementedError  # Removed these to avoid maintaining dead code - They are not used in our pretrained checkpoint

        self.init_weights()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.word_emb

    def set_input_embeddings(self, new_embeddings):
        self.word_emb = new_embeddings

    def backward_compatible(self):
        self.sample_softmax = -1

    def reset_length(self, tgt_len, ext_len, mem_len):
        self.tgt_len = tgt_len
        self.mem_len = mem_len
        self.ext_len = ext_len

    def _prune_heads(self, heads):
        logger.info("Head pruning is not implemented for Transformer-XL model")
        pass

    def init_mems(self, bsz):
        if self.mem_len > 0:
            mems = []
            param = next(self.parameters())
            for i in range(self.n_layer):
                empty = torch.zeros(self.mem_len, bsz, self.config.d_model, dtype=param.dtype, device=param.device)
                mems.append(empty)

            return mems
        else:
            return None

    def _update_mems(self, hids, mems, mlen, qlen):
        # does not deal with None
        if mems is None:
            return None

        # mems is not None
        assert len(hids) == len(mems), "len(hids) != len(mems)"

        # There are `mlen + qlen` steps that can be cached into mems
        # For the next step, the last `ext_len` of the `qlen` tokens
        # will be used as the extended context. Hence, we only cache
        # the tokens from `mlen + qlen - self.ext_len - self.mem_len`
        # to `mlen + qlen - self.ext_len`.
        with torch.no_grad():
            new_mems = []
            end_idx = mlen + max(0, qlen - 0 - self.ext_len)
            beg_idx = max(0, end_idx - self.mem_len)
            for i in range(len(hids)):

                cat = torch.cat([mems[i], hids[i]], dim=0)
                new_mems.append(cat[beg_idx:end_idx].detach())

        return new_mems

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(TRANSFO_XL_INPUTS_DOCSTRING)
    def forward(self, input_ids=None, mems=None, head_mask=None, inputs_embeds=None):
        r"""
    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.TransfoXLConfig`) and inputs:
        last_hidden_state (:obj:`torch.FloatTensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
            Sequence of hidden-states at the last layer of the model.
        mems (:obj:`List[torch.FloatTensor]` of length :obj:`config.n_layers`):
            Contains pre-computed hidden-states (key and values in the attention blocks).
            Can be used (see `mems` input) to speed up sequential decoding. The token ids which have their past given to this model
            should not be passed as input ids as they have already been computed.
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_hidden_states=True``):
            Tuple of :obj:`torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            Tuple of :obj:`torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`.

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
            heads.

    Examples::

        from transformers import TransfoXLTokenizer, TransfoXLModel
        import torch

        tokenizer = TransfoXLTokenizer.from_pretrained('transfo-xl-wt103')
        model = TransfoXLModel.from_pretrained('transfo-xl-wt103')
        input_ids = torch.tensor(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True)).unsqueeze(0)  # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        last_hidden_states, mems = outputs[:2]

        """
        # the original code for Transformer-XL used shapes [len, bsz] but we want a unified interface in the library
        # so we transpose here from shape [bsz, len] to shape [len, bsz]
        if input_ids is not None and inputs_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError("You cannot specify both input_ids and inputs_embeds at the same time")
        elif input_ids is not None:
            input_ids = input_ids.transpose(0, 1).contiguous()
            qlen, bsz = input_ids.size()
        elif inputs_embeds is not None:
            inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.transpose(0, 1).contiguous()
            qlen, bsz = inputs_embeds.shape[0], inputs_embeds.shape[1]
        else:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify either input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        if mems is None:
            mems = self.init_mems(bsz)

        # Prepare head mask if needed
        # 1.0 in head_mask indicate we keep the head
        # attention_probs has shape bsz x n_heads x N x N
        # input head_mask has shape [num_heads] or [num_hidden_layers x num_heads] (a head_mask for each layer)
        # and head_mask is converted to shape [num_hidden_layers x qlen x klen x bsz x n_head]
        if head_mask is not None:
            if head_mask.dim() == 1:
                head_mask = head_mask.unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0)
                head_mask = head_mask.expand(self.n_layer, -1, -1, -1, -1)
            elif head_mask.dim() == 2:
                head_mask = head_mask.unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1)
            head_mask = head_mask.to(
                dtype=next(self.parameters()).dtype
            )  # switch to fload if need + fp16 compatibility
        else:
            head_mask = [None] * self.n_layer

        if inputs_embeds is not None:
            word_emb = inputs_embeds
        else:
            word_emb = self.word_emb(input_ids)

        mlen = mems[0].size(0) if mems is not None else 0
        klen = mlen + qlen
        if self.same_length:
            all_ones = word_emb.new_ones((qlen, klen), dtype=torch.uint8)
            mask_len = klen - self.mem_len
            if mask_len > 0:
                mask_shift_len = qlen - mask_len
            else:
                mask_shift_len = qlen
            dec_attn_mask = (torch.triu(all_ones, 1 + mlen) + torch.tril(all_ones, -mask_shift_len))[:, :, None]  # -1
        else:
            dec_attn_mask = torch.triu(word_emb.new_ones((qlen, klen), dtype=torch.uint8), diagonal=1 + mlen)[
                :, :, None
            ]

        hids = []
        attentions = []
        if self.attn_type == 0:  # default
            pos_seq = torch.arange(klen - 1, -1, -1.0, device=word_emb.device, dtype=word_emb.dtype)
            if self.clamp_len > 0:
                pos_seq.clamp_(max=self.clamp_len)
            pos_emb = self.pos_emb(pos_seq)

            core_out = self.drop(word_emb)
            pos_emb = self.drop(pos_emb)

            for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
                hids.append(core_out)
                mems_i = None if mems is None else mems[i]
                layer_outputs = layer(
                    core_out, pos_emb, dec_attn_mask=dec_attn_mask, mems=mems_i, head_mask=head_mask[i]
                )
                core_out = layer_outputs[0]
                if self.output_attentions:
                    attentions.append(layer_outputs[1])
        else:  # learnable embeddings and absolute embeddings
            raise NotImplementedError  # Removed these to avoid maintaining dead code - They are not used in our pretrained checkpoint

        core_out = self.drop(core_out)

        new_mems = self._update_mems(hids, mems, mlen, qlen)

        # We transpose back here to shape [bsz, len, hidden_dim]
        outputs = [core_out.transpose(0, 1).contiguous(), new_mems]
        if self.output_hidden_states:
            # Add last layer and transpose to library standard shape [bsz, len, hidden_dim]
            hids.append(core_out)
            hids = list(t.transpose(0, 1).contiguous() for t in hids)
            outputs.append(hids)
        if self.output_attentions:
            # Transpose to library standard shape [bsz, n_heads, query_seq_len, key_seq_len]
            attentions = list(t.permute(2, 3, 0, 1).contiguous() for t in attentions)
            outputs.append(attentions)

        return outputs  # last hidden state, new_mems, (all hidden states), (all attentions)


@add_start_docstrings(
    """The Transformer-XL Model with a language modeling head on top
    (adaptive softmax with weights tied to the adaptive input embeddings)""",
    TRANSFO_XL_START_DOCSTRING,
)
class TransfoXLLMHeadModel(TransfoXLPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.transformer = TransfoXLModel(config)
        self.sample_softmax = config.sample_softmax

        assert (
            self.sample_softmax <= 0
        ), "Sampling from the softmax is not implemented yet. Please look at issue: #3310: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/3310"

        self.crit = ProjectedAdaptiveLogSoftmax(
            config.vocab_size, config.d_embed, config.d_model, config.cutoffs, div_val=config.div_val
        )

        self.init_weights()

    def tie_weights(self):
        """
        Run this to be sure output and input (adaptive) softmax weights are tied
        """

        if self.config.tie_weight:
            for i in range(len(self.crit.out_layers)):
                self._tie_or_clone_weights(self.crit.out_layers[i], self.transformer.word_emb.emb_layers[i])
        if self.config.tie_projs:
            for i, tie_proj in enumerate(self.config.tie_projs):
                if tie_proj and self.config.div_val == 1 and self.config.d_model != self.config.d_embed:
                    if self.config.torchscript:
                        self.crit.out_projs[i] = nn.Parameter(self.transformer.word_emb.emb_projs[0].clone())
                    else:
                        self.crit.out_projs[i] = self.transformer.word_emb.emb_projs[0]
                elif tie_proj and self.config.div_val != 1:
                    if self.config.torchscript:
                        self.crit.out_projs[i] = nn.Parameter(self.transformer.word_emb.emb_projs[i].clone())
                    else:
                        self.crit.out_projs[i] = self.transformer.word_emb.emb_projs[i]

    def reset_length(self, tgt_len, ext_len, mem_len):
        self.transformer.reset_length(tgt_len, ext_len, mem_len)

    def init_mems(self, bsz):
        return self.transformer.init_mems(bsz)

    @add_start_docstrings_to_callable(TRANSFO_XL_INPUTS_DOCSTRING)
    def forward(self, input_ids=None, mems=None, head_mask=None, inputs_embeds=None, labels=None):
        r"""
        labels (:obj:`torch.LongTensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length)`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`None`):
            Labels for language modeling.
            Note that the labels **are shifted** inside the model, i.e. you can set ``lm_labels = input_ids``
            Indices are selected in ``[-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size]``
            All labels set to ``-100`` are ignored (masked), the loss is only
            computed for labels in ``[0, ..., config.vocab_size]``

    Return:
        :obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration (:class:`~transformers.TransfoXLConfig`) and inputs:
        loss (:obj:`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, `optional`, returned when ``labels`` is provided)
            Language modeling loss.
        prediction_scores (:obj:`torch.FloatTensor` of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)`):
            Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
        mems (:obj:`List[torch.FloatTensor]` of length :obj:`config.n_layers`):
            Contains pre-computed hidden-states (key and values in the attention blocks).
            Can be used (see `past` input) to speed up sequential decoding. The token ids which have their past given to this model
            should not be passed as input ids as they have already been computed.
        hidden_states (:obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_hidden_states=True``):
            Tuple of :obj:`torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer)
            of shape :obj:`(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`.

            Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
        attentions (:obj:`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, `optional`, returned when ``config.output_attentions=True``):
            Tuple of :obj:`torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape
            :obj:`(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`.

            Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
            heads.

    Examples::

        from transformers import TransfoXLTokenizer, TransfoXLLMHeadModel
        import torch

        tokenizer = TransfoXLTokenizer.from_pretrained('transfo-xl-wt103')
        model = TransfoXLLMHeadModel.from_pretrained('transfo-xl-wt103')
        input_ids = torch.tensor(tokenizer.encode("Hello, my dog is cute", add_special_tokens=True)).unsqueeze(0)  # Batch size 1
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        prediction_scores, mems = outputs[:2]

        """
        if input_ids is not None:
            bsz, tgt_len = input_ids.size(0), input_ids.size(1)
        elif inputs_embeds is not None:
            bsz, tgt_len = inputs_embeds.size(0), inputs_embeds.size(1)
        else:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify either input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        transformer_outputs = self.transformer(input_ids, mems=mems, head_mask=head_mask, inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds)

        last_hidden = transformer_outputs[0]
        pred_hid = last_hidden[:, -tgt_len:]
        outputs = transformer_outputs[1:]

        softmax_output = self.crit(pred_hid.view(-1, pred_hid.size(-1)), labels)
        if labels is None:
            softmax_output = softmax_output.view(bsz, tgt_len, -1)
            outputs = [softmax_output] + outputs
        else:
            softmax_output = softmax_output.view(bsz, tgt_len)
            outputs = [softmax_output, None] + outputs

        return outputs  # (loss), logits or None if labels is not None (speed up adaptive softmax), new_mems, (all hidden states), (all attentions)

    def get_output_embeddings(self):
        """ Double-check if you are using adaptive softmax.
        """
        if self.sample_softmax > 0:
            return self.out_layer
        else:
            return self.crit.out_layers[-1]

    def prepare_inputs_for_generation(self, input_ids, past, **model_kwargs):
        inputs = {"input_ids": input_ids}

        # if past is defined in model kwargs then use it for faster decoding
        if past:
            inputs["mems"] = past

        return inputs