Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/dev' into feat/oauth

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 - [ ] **Dependencies:** Are there any new dependencies? Have you updated the dependency versions in the documentation?
 - [ ] **Testing:** Have you written and run sufficient tests for validating the changes?
 - [ ] **Code review:** Have you performed a self-review of your code, addressing any coding standard issues and ensuring adherence to the project's coding standards?
-- [ ] **Label:** To cleary categorize this pull request, assign a relevant label to the pull request title, using one of the following:
+- [ ] **Prefix:** To cleary categorize this pull request, prefix the pull request title, using one of the following:
   - **BREAKING CHANGE**: Significant changes that may affect compatibility
   - **build**: Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies
   - **ci**: Changes to our continuous integration processes or workflows

.github/workflows/docker-build.yaml

@@ -70,8 +70,10 @@ jobs:
           images: ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}
           tags: |
             type=ref,event=branch
+            ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'type=raw,value=main' || '' }}
           flavor: |
             prefix=cache-${{ matrix.platform }}-
+            latest=false
 
       - name: Build Docker image (latest)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
@@ -158,8 +160,10 @@ jobs:
           images: ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}
           tags: |
             type=ref,event=branch
+            ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'type=raw,value=main' || '' }}
           flavor: |
             prefix=cache-cuda-${{ matrix.platform }}-
+            latest=false
 
       - name: Build Docker image (cuda)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
@@ -247,8 +251,10 @@ jobs:
           images: ${{ env.FULL_IMAGE_NAME }}
           tags: |
             type=ref,event=branch
+            ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && 'type=raw,value=main' || '' }}
           flavor: |
             prefix=cache-ollama-${{ matrix.platform }}-
+            latest=false
 
       - name: Build Docker image (ollama)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v5

.github/workflows/release-pypi.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - main # or whatever branch you want to use
-      - dev
 
 jobs:
   release:

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,115 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [0.2.5] - 2024-06-05
+
+### Added
+
+- **👥 Active Users Indicator**: Now you can see how many people are currently active and what they are running. This helps you gauge when performance might slow down due to a high number of users.
+- **🗂️ Create Ollama Modelfile**: The option to create a modelfile for Ollama has been reintroduced in the Settings > Models section, making it easier to manage your models.
+- **⚙️ Default Model Setting**: Added an option to set the default model from Settings > Interface. This feature is now easily accessible, especially convenient for mobile users as it was previously hidden.
+- **🌐 Enhanced Translations**: We've improved the Chinese translations and added support for Turkmen and Norwegian languages to make the interface more accessible globally.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **📱 Mobile View Improvements**: The UI now uses dvh (dynamic viewport height) instead of vh (viewport height), providing a better and more responsive experience for mobile users.
+
+## [0.2.4] - 2024-06-03
+
+### Added
+
+- **👤 Improved Account Pending Page**: The account pending page now displays admin details by default to avoid confusion. You can disable this feature in the admin settings if needed.
+- **🌐 HTTP Proxy Support**: We have enabled the use of the 'http_proxy' environment variable in OpenAI and Ollama API calls, making it easier to configure network settings.
+- **❓ Quick Access to Documentation**: You can now easily access Open WebUI documents via a question mark button located at the bottom right corner of the screen (available on larger screens like PCs).
+- **🌍 Enhanced Translation**: Improvements have been made to translations.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **🔍 SearxNG Web Search**: Fixed the issue where the SearxNG web search functionality was not working properly.
+
+## [0.2.3] - 2024-06-03
+
+### Added
+
+- **📁 Export Chat as JSON**: You can now export individual chats as JSON files from the navbar menu by navigating to 'Download > Export Chat'. This makes sharing specific conversations easier.
+- **✏️ Edit Titles with Double Click**: Double-click on titles to rename them quickly and efficiently.
+- **🧩 Batch Multiple Embeddings**: Introduced 'RAG_EMBEDDING_OPENAI_BATCH_SIZE' to process multiple embeddings in a batch, enhancing performance for large datasets.
+- **🌍 Improved Translations**: Enhanced the translation quality across various languages for a better user experience.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **🛠️ Modelfile Migration Script**: Fixed an issue where the modelfile migration script would fail if an invalid modelfile was encountered.
+- **💬 Zhuyin Input Method on Mac**: Resolved an issue where using the Zhuyin input method in the Web UI on a Mac caused text to send immediately upon pressing the enter key, leading to incorrect input.
+- **🔊 Local TTS Voice Selection**: Fixed the issue where the selected local Text-to-Speech (TTS) voice was not being displayed in settings.
+
+## [0.2.2] - 2024-06-02
+
+### Added
+
+- **🌊 Mermaid Rendering Support**: We've included support for Mermaid rendering. This allows you to create beautiful diagrams and flowcharts directly within Open WebUI.
+- **🔄 New Environment Variable 'RESET_CONFIG_ON_START'**: Introducing a new environment variable: 'RESET_CONFIG_ON_START'. Set this variable to reset your configuration settings upon starting the application, making it easier to revert to default settings.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **🔧 Pipelines Filter Issue**: We've addressed an issue with the pipelines where filters were not functioning as expected.
+
+## [0.2.1] - 2024-06-02
+
+### Added
+
+- **🖱️ Single Model Export Button**: Easily export models with just one click using the new single model export button.
+- **🖥️ Advanced Parameters Support**: Added support for 'num_thread', 'use_mmap', and 'use_mlock' parameters for Ollama.
+- **🌐 Improved Vietnamese Translation**: Enhanced Vietnamese language support for a better user experience for our Vietnamese-speaking community.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **🔧 OpenAI URL API Save Issue**: Corrected a problem preventing the saving of OpenAI URL API settings.
+- **🚫 Display Issue with Disabled Ollama API**: Fixed the display bug causing models to appear in settings when the Ollama API was disabled.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **💡 Versioning Update**: As a reminder from our previous update, version 0.2.y will focus primarily on bug fixes, while major updates will be designated as 0.x from now on for better version tracking.
+
+## [0.2.0] - 2024-06-01
+
+### Added
+
+- **🔧 Pipelines Support**: Open WebUI now includes a plugin framework for enhanced customization and functionality (https://github.com/open-webui/pipelines). Easily add custom logic and integrate Python libraries, from AI agents to home automation APIs.
+- **🔗 Function Calling via Pipelines**: Integrate function calling seamlessly through Pipelines.
+- **⚖️ User Rate Limiting via Pipelines**: Implement user-specific rate limits to manage API usage efficiently.
+- **📊 Usage Monitoring with Langfuse**: Track and analyze usage statistics with Langfuse integration through Pipelines.
+- **🕒 Conversation Turn Limits**: Set limits on conversation turns to manage interactions better through Pipelines.
+- **🛡️ Toxic Message Filtering**: Automatically filter out toxic messages to maintain a safe environment using Pipelines.
+- **🔍 Web Search Support**: Introducing built-in web search capabilities via RAG API, allowing users to search using SearXNG, Google Programmatic Search Engine, Brave Search, serpstack, and serper. Activate it effortlessly by adding necessary variables from Document settings > Web Params.
+- **🗂️ Models Workspace**: Create and manage model presets for both Ollama/OpenAI API. Note: The old Modelfiles workspace is deprecated.
+- **🛠️ Model Builder Feature**: Build and edit all models with persistent builder mode.
+- **🏷️ Model Tagging Support**: Organize models with tagging features in the models workspace.
+- **📋 Model Ordering Support**: Effortlessly organize models by dragging and dropping them into the desired positions within the models workspace.
+- **📈 OpenAI Generation Stats**: Access detailed generation statistics for OpenAI models.
+- **📅 System Prompt Variables**: New variables added: '{{CURRENT_DATE}}' and '{{USER_NAME}}' for dynamic prompts.
+- **📢 Global Banner Support**: Manage global banners from admin settings > banners.
+- **🗃️ Enhanced Archived Chats Modal**: Search and export archived chats easily.
+- **📂 Archive All Button**: Quickly archive all chats from settings > chats.
+- **🌐 Improved Translations**: Added and improved translations for French, Croatian, Cebuano, and Vietnamese.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **🔍 Archived Chats Visibility**: Resolved issue with archived chats not showing in the admin panel.
+- **💬 Message Styling**: Fixed styling issues affecting message appearance.
+- **🔗 Shared Chat Responses**: Corrected the issue where shared chat response messages were not readonly.
+- **🖥️ UI Enhancement**: Fixed the scrollbar overlapping issue with the message box in the user interface.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **💾 User Settings Storage**: User settings are now saved on the backend, ensuring consistency across all devices.
+- **📡 Unified API Requests**: The API request for getting models is now unified to '/api/models' for easier usage.
+- **🔄 Versioning Update**: Our versioning will now follow the format 0.x for major updates and 0.x.y for patches.
+- **📦 Export All Chats (All Users)**: Moved this functionality to the Admin Panel settings for better organization and accessibility.
+
+### Removed
+
+- **🚫 Bundled LiteLLM Support Deprecated**: Migrate your LiteLLM config.yaml to a self-hosted LiteLLM instance. LiteLLM can still be added via OpenAI Connections. Download the LiteLLM config.yaml from admin settings > database > export LiteLLM config.yaml.
+
 ## [0.1.125] - 2024-05-19
 
 ### Added

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

+# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
+
+## Our Pledge
+
+We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our
+community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
+size, visible or invisible disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender
+identity and expression, level of experience, education, socio-economic status,
+nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity
+and orientation.
+
+We pledge to act and interact in ways that contribute to an open, welcoming, diverse, inclusive, and healthy community.
+
+## Our Standards
+
+Examples of behavior that contribute to a positive environment for our community include:
+
+- Demonstrating empathy and kindness toward other people
+- Being respectful of differing opinions, viewpoints, and experiences
+- Giving and gracefully accepting constructive feedback
+- Accepting responsibility and apologizing to those affected by our mistakes, and learning from the experience
+- Focusing on what is best not just for us as individuals, but for the overall community
+
+Examples of unacceptable behavior include:
+
+- The use of sexualized language or imagery, and sexual attention or advances of any kind
+- Trolling, insulting or derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+- Public or private harassment
+- Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or email address, without their explicit permission
+- **Spamming of any kind**
+- Aggressive sales tactics targeting our community members are strictly prohibited. You can mention your product if it's relevant to the discussion, but under no circumstances should you push it forcefully
+- Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting
+
+## Enforcement Responsibilities
+
+Community leaders are responsible for clarifying and enforcing our standards of acceptable behavior and will take appropriate and fair corrective action in response to any behavior that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful.
+
+## Scope
+
+This Code of Conduct applies within all community spaces and also applies when an individual is officially representing the community in public spaces. Examples of representing our community include using an official e-mail address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed representative at an online or offline event.
+
+## Enforcement
+
+Instances of abusive, harassing, spamming, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement at hello@openwebui.com. All complaints will be reviewed and investigated promptly and fairly.
+
+All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the reporter of any incident.
+
+## Enforcement Guidelines
+
+Community leaders will follow these Community Impact Guidelines in determining the consequences for any action they deem in violation of this Code of Conduct:
+
+### 1. Temporary Ban
+
+**Community Impact**: Any violation of community standards, including but not limited to inappropriate language, unprofessional behavior, harassment, or spamming.
+
+**Consequence**: A temporary ban from any sort of interaction or public communication with the community for a specified period of time. No public or private interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction with those enforcing the Code of Conduct, is allowed during this period. Violating these terms may lead to a permanent ban.
+
+### 2. Permanent Ban
+
+**Community Impact**: Repeated or severe violations of community standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior, harassment of an individual, or aggression toward or disparagement of classes of individuals.
+
+**Consequence**: A permanent ban from any sort of public interaction within the community.
+
+## Attribution
+
+This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage],
+version 2.0, available at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/0/code_of_conduct.html.
+
+Community Impact Guidelines were inspired by [Mozilla's code of conduct
+enforcement ladder](https://github.com/mozilla/diversity).
+
+[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
+
+For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see the FAQ at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq. Translations are available at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations.

Dockerfile

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ ARG USE_OLLAMA
 ARG USE_CUDA_VER
 ARG USE_EMBEDDING_MODEL
 ARG USE_RERANKING_MODEL
-ARG BUILD_HASH
 ARG UID
 ARG GID
 
@@ -154,6 +153,7 @@ HEALTHCHECK CMD curl --silent --fail http://localhost:8080/health | jq -e '.stat
 
 USER $UID:$GID
 
+ARG BUILD_HASH
 ENV WEBUI_BUILD_VERSION=${BUILD_HASH}
 
 CMD [ "bash", "start.sh"]

README.md

@@ -11,97 +11,43 @@
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/badge/Discord-Open_WebUI-blue?logo=discord&logoColor=white)](https://discord.gg/5rJgQTnV4s)
 [![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=Sponsor&message=%E2%9D%A4&logo=GitHub&color=%23fe8e86)](https://github.com/sponsors/tjbck)
 
-Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted WebUI designed to operate entirely offline. It supports various LLM runners, including Ollama and OpenAI-compatible APIs. For more information, be sure to check out our [Open WebUI Documentation](https://docs.openwebui.com/).
+Open WebUI is an [extensible](https://github.com/open-webui/pipelines), feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted WebUI designed to operate entirely offline. It supports various LLM runners, including Ollama and OpenAI-compatible APIs. For more information, be sure to check out our [Open WebUI Documentation](https://docs.openwebui.com/).
 
 ![Open WebUI Demo](./demo.gif)
 
-## Features ⭐
+## Key Features of Open WebUI ⭐
 
-- 🖥️ **Intuitive Interface**: Our chat interface takes inspiration from ChatGPT, ensuring a user-friendly experience.
+- 🚀 **Effortless Setup**: Install seamlessly using Docker or Kubernetes (kubectl, kustomize or helm) for a hassle-free experience with support for both `:ollama` and `:cuda` tagged images.
 
-- 📱 **Responsive Design**: Enjoy a seamless experience on both desktop and mobile devices.
+- 🤝 **Ollama/OpenAI API Integration**: Effortlessly integrate OpenAI-compatible APIs for versatile conversations alongside Ollama models. Customize the OpenAI API URL to link with **LMStudio, GroqCloud, Mistral, OpenRouter, and more**.
 
-- ⚡ **Swift Responsiveness**: Enjoy fast and responsive performance.
+- 🧩 **Pipelines, Open WebUI Plugin Support**: Seamlessly integrate custom logic and Python libraries into Open WebUI using [Pipelines Plugin Framework](https://github.com/open-webui/pipelines). Launch your Pipelines instance, set the OpenAI URL to the Pipelines URL, and explore endless possibilities. [Examples](https://github.com/open-webui/pipelines/tree/main/examples) include **Function Calling**, User **Rate Limiting** to control access, **Usage Monitoring** with tools like Langfuse, **Live Translation with LibreTranslate** for multilingual support, **Toxic Message Filtering** and much more.
 
-- 🚀 **Effortless Setup**: Install seamlessly using Docker or Kubernetes (kubectl, kustomize or helm) for a hassle-free experience.
+- 📱 **Responsive Design**: Enjoy a seamless experience across Desktop PC, Laptop, and Mobile devices.
 
-- 🌈 **Theme Customization**: Choose from a variety of themes to personalize your Open WebUI experience.
-
-- 💻 **Code Syntax Highlighting**: Enjoy enhanced code readability with our syntax highlighting feature.
+- 📱 **Progressive Web App (PWA) for Mobile**: Enjoy a native app-like experience on your mobile device with our PWA, providing offline access on localhost and a seamless user interface.
 
 - ✒️🔢 **Full Markdown and LaTeX Support**: Elevate your LLM experience with comprehensive Markdown and LaTeX capabilities for enriched interaction.
 
-- 📚 **Local RAG Integration**: Dive into the future of chat interactions with the groundbreaking Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) support. This feature seamlessly integrates document interactions into your chat experience. You can load documents directly into the chat or add files to your document library, effortlessly accessing them using `#` command in the prompt. In its alpha phase, occasional issues may arise as we actively refine and enhance this feature to ensure optimal performance and reliability.
-
-- 🔍 **RAG Embedding Support**: Change the RAG embedding model directly in document settings, enhancing document processing. This feature supports Ollama and OpenAI models.
-
-- 🌐 **Web Browsing Capability**: Seamlessly integrate websites into your chat experience using the `#` command followed by the URL. This feature allows you to incorporate web content directly into your conversations, enhancing the richness and depth of your interactions.
-
-- 📜 **Prompt Preset Support**: Instantly access preset prompts using the `/` command in the chat input. Load predefined conversation starters effortlessly and expedite your interactions. Effortlessly import prompts through [Open WebUI Community](https://openwebui.com/) integration.
-
-- 👍👎 **RLHF Annotation**: Empower your messages by rating them with thumbs up and thumbs down, followed by the option to provide textual feedback, facilitating the creation of datasets for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). Utilize your messages to train or fine-tune models, all while ensuring the confidentiality of locally saved data.
-
-- 🏷️ **Conversation Tagging**: Effortlessly categorize and locate specific chats for quick reference and streamlined data collection.
-
-- 📥🗑️ **Download/Delete Models**: Easily download or remove models directly from the web UI.
-
-- 🔄 **Update All Ollama Models**: Easily update locally installed models all at once with a convenient button, streamlining model management.
+- 🛠️ **Model Builder**: Easily create Ollama models via the Web UI. Create and add custom characters/agents, customize chat elements, and import models effortlessly through [Open WebUI Community](https://openwebui.com/) integration.
 
-- ⬆️ **GGUF File Model Creation**: Effortlessly create Ollama models by uploading GGUF files directly from the web UI. Streamlined process with options to upload from your machine or download GGUF files from Hugging Face.
+- 📚 **Local RAG Integration**: Dive into the future of chat interactions with groundbreaking Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) support. This feature seamlessly integrates document interactions into your chat experience. You can load documents directly into the chat or add files to your document library, effortlessly accessing them using the `#` command before a query.
 
-- 🤖 **Multiple Model Support**: Seamlessly switch between different chat models for diverse interactions.
+- 🔍 **Web Search for RAG**: Perform web searches using providers like `SearXNG`, `Google PSE`, `Brave Search`, `serpstack`, and `serper`, and inject the results directly into your chat experience.
 
-- 🔄 **Multi-Modal Support**: Seamlessly engage with models that support multimodal interactions, including images (e.g., LLava).
+- 🌐 **Web Browsing Capability**: Seamlessly integrate websites into your chat experience using the `#` command followed by a URL. This feature allows you to incorporate web content directly into your conversations, enhancing the richness and depth of your interactions.
 
-- 🧩 **Modelfile Builder**: Easily create Ollama modelfiles via the web UI. Create and add characters/agents, customize chat elements, and import modelfiles effortlessly through [Open WebUI Community](https://openwebui.com/) integration.
+- 🎨 **Image Generation Integration**: Seamlessly incorporate image generation capabilities using options such as AUTOMATIC1111 API or ComfyUI (local), and OpenAI's DALL-E (external), enriching your chat experience with dynamic visual content.
 
 - ⚙️ **Many Models Conversations**: Effortlessly engage with various models simultaneously, harnessing their unique strengths for optimal responses. Enhance your experience by leveraging a diverse set of models in parallel.
 
-- 💬 **Collaborative Chat**: Harness the collective intelligence of multiple models by seamlessly orchestrating group conversations. Use the `@` command to specify the model, enabling dynamic and diverse dialogues within your chat interface. Immerse yourself in the collective intelligence woven into your chat environment.
-
-- 🗨️ **Local Chat Sharing**: Generate and share chat links seamlessly between users, enhancing collaboration and communication.
-
-- 🔄 **Regeneration History Access**: Easily revisit and explore your entire regeneration history.
-
-- 📜 **Chat History**: Effortlessly access and manage your conversation history.
-
-- 📬 **Archive Chats**: Effortlessly store away completed conversations with LLMs for future reference, maintaining a tidy and clutter-free chat interface while allowing for easy retrieval and reference.
-
-- 📤📥 **Import/Export Chat History**: Seamlessly move your chat data in and out of the platform.
-
-- 🗣️ **Voice Input Support**: Engage with your model through voice interactions; enjoy the convenience of talking to your model directly. Additionally, explore the option for sending voice input automatically after 3 seconds of silence for a streamlined experience.
-
-- 🔊 **Configurable Text-to-Speech Endpoint**: Customize your Text-to-Speech experience with configurable OpenAI endpoints.
-
-- ⚙️ **Fine-Tuned Control with Advanced Parameters**: Gain a deeper level of control by adjusting parameters such as temperature and defining your system prompts to tailor the conversation to your specific preferences and needs.
-
-- 🎨🤖 **Image Generation Integration**: Seamlessly incorporate image generation capabilities using options such as AUTOMATIC1111 API (local), ComfyUI (local), and DALL-E, enriching your chat experience with dynamic visual content.
-
-- 🤝 **OpenAI API Integration**: Effortlessly integrate OpenAI-compatible API for versatile conversations alongside Ollama models. Customize the API Base URL to link with **LMStudio, Mistral, OpenRouter, and more**.
-
-- ✨ **Multiple OpenAI-Compatible API Support**: Seamlessly integrate and customize various OpenAI-compatible APIs, enhancing the versatility of your chat interactions.
-
-- 🔑 **API Key Generation Support**: Generate secret keys to leverage Open WebUI with OpenAI libraries, simplifying integration and development.
-
-- 🔗 **External Ollama Server Connection**: Seamlessly link to an external Ollama server hosted on a different address by configuring the environment variable.
-
-- 🔀 **Multiple Ollama Instance Load Balancing**: Effortlessly distribute chat requests across multiple Ollama instances for enhanced performance and reliability.
-
-- 👥 **Multi-User Management**: Easily oversee and administer users via our intuitive admin panel, streamlining user management processes.
-
-- 🔗 **Webhook Integration**: Subscribe to new user sign-up events via webhook (compatible with Google Chat and Microsoft Teams), providing real-time notifications and automation capabilities.
-
-- 🛡️ **Model Whitelisting**: Admins can whitelist models for users with the 'user' role, enhancing security and access control.
-
-- 📧 **Trusted Email Authentication**: Authenticate using a trusted email header, adding an additional layer of security and authentication.
-
 - 🔐 **Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)**: Ensure secure access with restricted permissions; only authorized individuals can access your Ollama, and exclusive model creation/pulling rights are reserved for administrators.
 
-- 🔒 **Backend Reverse Proxy Support**: Bolster security through direct communication between Open WebUI backend and Ollama. This key feature eliminates the need to expose Ollama over LAN. Requests made to the '/ollama/api' route from the web UI are seamlessly redirected to Ollama from the backend, enhancing overall system security.
-
 - 🌐🌍 **Multilingual Support**: Experience Open WebUI in your preferred language with our internationalization (i18n) support. Join us in expanding our supported languages! We're actively seeking contributors!
 
-- 🌟 **Continuous Updates**: We are committed to improving Open WebUI with regular updates and new features.
+- 🌟 **Continuous Updates**: We are committed to improving Open WebUI with regular updates, fixes, and new features.
+
+Want to learn more about Open WebUI's features? Check out our [Open WebUI documentation](https://docs.openwebui.com/features) for a comprehensive overview!
 
 ## 🔗 Also Check Out Open WebUI Community!
 

backend/apps/openai/main.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import json
 import logging
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel
+from starlette.background import BackgroundTask
 
 from apps.webui.models.models import Models
 from apps.webui.models.users import Users
@@ -184,19 +185,26 @@ async def speech(request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
 async def fetch_url(url, key):
     timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=5)
     try:
-        if key != "":
-            headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {key}"}
-            async with aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=timeout) as session:
-                async with session.get(url, headers=headers) as response:
-                    return await response.json()
-        else:
-            return None
+        headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {key}"}
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=timeout, trust_env=True) as session:
+            async with session.get(url, headers=headers) as response:
+                return await response.json()
     except Exception as e:
         # Handle connection error here
         log.error(f"Connection error: {e}")
         return None
 
 
+async def cleanup_response(
+    response: Optional[aiohttp.ClientResponse],
+    session: Optional[aiohttp.ClientSession],
+):
+    if response:
+        response.close()
+    if session:
+        await session.close()
+
+
 def merge_models_lists(model_lists):
     log.debug(f"merge_models_lists {model_lists}")
     merged_list = []
@@ -222,7 +230,7 @@ def merge_models_lists(model_lists):
     return merged_list
 
 
-async def get_all_models():
+async def get_all_models(raw: bool = False):
     log.info("get_all_models()")
 
     if (
@@ -231,6 +239,27 @@ async def get_all_models():
     ) or not app.state.config.ENABLE_OPENAI_API:
         models = {"data": []}
     else:
+        # Check if API KEYS length is same than API URLS length
+        if len(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS) != len(
+            app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS
+        ):
+            # if there are more keys than urls, remove the extra keys
+            if len(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS) > len(
+                app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS
+            ):
+                app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS = app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS[
+                    : len(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS)
+                ]
+            # if there are more urls than keys, add empty keys
+            else:
+                app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS += [
+                    ""
+                    for _ in range(
+                        len(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS)
+                        - len(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS)
+                    )
+                ]
+
         tasks = [
             fetch_url(f"{url}/models", app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS[idx])
             for idx, url in enumerate(app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS)
@@ -239,6 +268,9 @@ async def get_all_models():
         responses = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
         log.debug(f"get_all_models:responses() {responses}")
 
+        if raw:
+            return responses
+
         models = {
             "data": merge_models_lists(
                 list(
@@ -277,11 +309,16 @@ async def get_models(url_idx: Optional[int] = None, user=Depends(get_current_use
         return models
     else:
         url = app.state.config.OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS[url_idx]
+        key = app.state.config.OPENAI_API_KEYS[url_idx]
+
+        headers = {}
+        headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {key}"
+        headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
 
         r = None
 
         try:
-            r = requests.request(method="GET", url=f"{url}/models")
+            r = requests.request(method="GET", url=f"{url}/models", headers=headers)
             r.raise_for_status()
 
             response_data = r.json()
@@ -336,21 +373,36 @@ async def proxy(path: str, request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
                 model_info.params = model_info.params.model_dump()
 
                 if model_info.params:
-                    payload["temperature"] = model_info.params.get("temperature", None)
-                    payload["top_p"] = model_info.params.get("top_p", None)
-                    payload["max_tokens"] = model_info.params.get("max_tokens", None)
-                    payload["frequency_penalty"] = model_info.params.get(
-                        "frequency_penalty", None
-                    )
-                    payload["seed"] = model_info.params.get("seed", None)
-                    payload["stop"] = (
-                        [
-                            bytes(stop, "utf-8").decode("unicode_escape")
-                            for stop in model_info.params["stop"]
-                        ]
-                        if model_info.params.get("stop", None)
-                        else None
-                    )
+                    if model_info.params.get("temperature", None):
+                        payload["temperature"] = int(
+                            model_info.params.get("temperature")
+                        )
+
+                    if model_info.params.get("top_p", None):
+                        payload["top_p"] = int(model_info.params.get("top_p", None))
+
+                    if model_info.params.get("max_tokens", None):
+                        payload["max_tokens"] = int(
+                            model_info.params.get("max_tokens", None)
+                        )
+
+                    if model_info.params.get("frequency_penalty", None):
+                        payload["frequency_penalty"] = int(
+                            model_info.params.get("frequency_penalty", None)
+                        )
+
+                    if model_info.params.get("seed", None):
+                        payload["seed"] = model_info.params.get("seed", None)
+
+                    if model_info.params.get("stop", None):
+                        payload["stop"] = (
+                            [
+                                bytes(stop, "utf-8").decode("unicode_escape")
+                                for stop in model_info.params["stop"]
+                            ]
+                            if model_info.params.get("stop", None)
+                            else None
+                        )
 
                 if model_info.params.get("system", None):
                     # Check if the payload already has a system message
@@ -374,18 +426,12 @@ async def proxy(path: str, request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
             else:
                 pass
 
-            print(app.state.MODELS)
             model = app.state.MODELS[payload.get("model")]
 
             idx = model["urlIdx"]
 
             if "pipeline" in model and model.get("pipeline"):
                 payload["user"] = {"name": user.name, "id": user.id}
-                payload["title"] = (
-                    True
-                    if payload["stream"] == False and payload["max_tokens"] == 50
-                    else False
-                )
 
             # Check if the model is "gpt-4-vision-preview" and set "max_tokens" to 4000
             # This is a workaround until OpenAI fixes the issue with this model
@@ -407,47 +453,53 @@ async def proxy(path: str, request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
 
     target_url = f"{url}/{path}"
 
-    if key == "":
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.API_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
-
     headers = {}
     headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {key}"
     headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
 
     r = None
+    session = None
+    streaming = False
 
     try:
-        r = requests.request(
+        session = aiohttp.ClientSession(trust_env=True)
+        r = await session.request(
             method=request.method,
             url=target_url,
             data=payload if payload else body,
             headers=headers,
-            stream=True,
         )
 
         r.raise_for_status()
 
         # Check if response is SSE
         if "text/event-stream" in r.headers.get("Content-Type", ""):
+            streaming = True
             return StreamingResponse(
-                r.iter_content(chunk_size=8192),
-                status_code=r.status_code,
+                r.content,
+                status_code=r.status,
                 headers=dict(r.headers),
+                background=BackgroundTask(
+                    cleanup_response, response=r, session=session
+                ),
             )
         else:
-            response_data = r.json()
+            response_data = await r.json()
             return response_data
     except Exception as e:
         log.exception(e)
         error_detail = "Open WebUI: Server Connection Error"
         if r is not None:
             try:
-                res = r.json()
+                res = await r.json()
+                print(res)
                 if "error" in res:
                     error_detail = f"External: {res['error']['message'] if 'message' in res['error'] else res['error']}"
             except:
                 error_detail = f"External: {e}"
-
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=r.status_code if r else 500, detail=error_detail
-        )
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=r.status if r else 500, detail=error_detail)
+    finally:
+        if not streaming and session:
+            if r:
+                r.close()
+            await session.close()

backend/apps/rag/search/brave.py

+import logging
+
+import requests
+
+from apps.rag.search.main import SearchResult
+from config import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+log.setLevel(SRC_LOG_LEVELS["RAG"])
+
+
+def search_brave(api_key: str, query: str, count: int) -> list[SearchResult]:
+    """Search using Brave's Search API and return the results as a list of SearchResult objects.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): A Brave Search API key
+        query (str): The query to search for
+    """
+    url = "https://api.search.brave.com/res/v1/web/search"
+    headers = {
+        "Accept": "application/json",
+        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
+        "X-Subscription-Token": api_key,
+    }
+    params = {"q": query, "count": count}
+
+    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    json_response = response.json()
+    results = json_response.get("web", {}).get("results", [])
+    return [
+        SearchResult(
+            link=result["url"], title=result.get("title"), snippet=result.get("snippet")
+        )
+        for result in results[:count]
+    ]

backend/apps/rag/search/google_pse.py

+import json
+import logging
+
+import requests
+
+from apps.rag.search.main import SearchResult
+from config import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+log.setLevel(SRC_LOG_LEVELS["RAG"])
+
+
+def search_google_pse(
+    api_key: str, search_engine_id: str, query: str, count: int
+) -> list[SearchResult]:
+    """Search using Google's Programmable Search Engine API and return the results as a list of SearchResult objects.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): A Programmable Search Engine API key
+        search_engine_id (str): A Programmable Search Engine ID
+        query (str): The query to search for
+    """
+    url = "https://www.googleapis.com/customsearch/v1"
+
+    headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
+    params = {
+        "cx": search_engine_id,
+        "q": query,
+        "key": api_key,
+        "num": count,
+    }
+
+    response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, params=params)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    json_response = response.json()
+    results = json_response.get("items", [])
+    return [
+        SearchResult(
+            link=result["link"],
+            title=result.get("title"),
+            snippet=result.get("snippet"),
+        )
+        for result in results
+    ]

backend/apps/rag/search/main.py

+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class SearchResult(BaseModel):
+    link: str
+    title: Optional[str]
+    snippet: Optional[str]

backend/apps/rag/search/searxng.py

+import logging
+import requests
+
+from typing import List
+
+from apps.rag.search.main import SearchResult
+from config import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+log.setLevel(SRC_LOG_LEVELS["RAG"])
+
+
+def search_searxng(
+    query_url: str, query: str, count: int, **kwargs
+) -> List[SearchResult]:
+    """
+    Search a SearXNG instance for a given query and return the results as a list of SearchResult objects.
+
+    The function allows passing additional parameters such as language or time_range to tailor the search result.
+
+    Args:
+        query_url (str): The base URL of the SearXNG server.
+        query (str): The search term or question to find in the SearXNG database.
+        count (int): The maximum number of results to retrieve from the search.
+
+    Keyword Args:
+        language (str): Language filter for the search results; e.g., "en-US". Defaults to an empty string.
+        time_range (str): Time range for filtering results by date; e.g., "2023-04-05..today" or "all-time". Defaults to ''.
+        categories: (Optional[List[str]]): Specific categories within which the search should be performed, defaulting to an empty string if not provided.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[SearchResult]: A list of SearchResults sorted by relevance score in descending order.
+
+    Raise:
+        requests.exceptions.RequestException: If a request error occurs during the search process.
+    """
+
+    # Default values for optional parameters are provided as empty strings or None when not specified.
+    language = kwargs.get("language", "en-US")
+    time_range = kwargs.get("time_range", "")
+    categories = "".join(kwargs.get("categories", []))
+
+    params = {
+        "q": query,
+        "format": "json",
+        "pageno": 1,
+        "language": language,
+        "time_range": time_range,
+        "categories": categories,
+        "theme": "simple",
+        "image_proxy": 0,
+    }
+
+    # Legacy query format
+    if "<query>" in query_url:
+        # Strip all query parameters from the URL
+        query_url = query_url.split("?")[0]
+
+    log.debug(f"searching {query_url}")
+
+    response = requests.get(
+        query_url,
+        headers={
+            "User-Agent": "Open WebUI (https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui) RAG Bot",
+            "Accept": "text/html",
+            "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
+            "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
+            "Connection": "keep-alive",
+        },
+        params=params,
+    )
+
+    response.raise_for_status()  # Raise an exception for HTTP errors.
+
+    json_response = response.json()
+    results = json_response.get("results", [])
+    sorted_results = sorted(results, key=lambda x: x.get("score", 0), reverse=True)
+    return [
+        SearchResult(
+            link=result["url"], title=result.get("title"), snippet=result.get("content")
+        )
+        for result in sorted_results[:count]
+    ]

backend/apps/rag/search/serper.py

+import json
+import logging
+
+import requests
+
+from apps.rag.search.main import SearchResult
+from config import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+log.setLevel(SRC_LOG_LEVELS["RAG"])
+
+
+def search_serper(api_key: str, query: str, count: int) -> list[SearchResult]:
+    """Search using serper.dev's API and return the results as a list of SearchResult objects.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): A serper.dev API key
+        query (str): The query to search for
+    """
+    url = "https://google.serper.dev/search"
+
+    payload = json.dumps({"q": query})
+    headers = {"X-API-KEY": api_key, "Content-Type": "application/json"}
+
+    response = requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, data=payload)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    json_response = response.json()
+    results = sorted(
+        json_response.get("organic", []), key=lambda x: x.get("position", 0)
+    )
+    return [
+        SearchResult(
+            link=result["link"],
+            title=result.get("title"),
+            snippet=result.get("description"),
+        )
+        for result in results[:count]
+    ]

backend/apps/rag/search/serpstack.py

+import json
+import logging
+
+import requests
+
+from apps.rag.search.main import SearchResult
+from config import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+log.setLevel(SRC_LOG_LEVELS["RAG"])
+
+
+def search_serpstack(
+    api_key: str, query: str, count: int, https_enabled: bool = True
+) -> list[SearchResult]:
+    """Search using serpstack.com's and return the results as a list of SearchResult objects.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): A serpstack.com API key
+        query (str): The query to search for
+        https_enabled (bool): Whether to use HTTPS or HTTP for the API request
+    """
+    url = f"{'https' if https_enabled else 'http'}://api.serpstack.com/search"
+
+    headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
+    params = {
+        "access_key": api_key,
+        "query": query,
+    }
+
+    response = requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, params=params)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+
+    json_response = response.json()
+    results = sorted(
+        json_response.get("organic_results", []), key=lambda x: x.get("position", 0)
+    )
+    return [
+        SearchResult(
+            link=result["url"], title=result.get("title"), snippet=result.get("snippet")
+        )
+        for result in results[:count]
+    ]

backend/apps/rag/search/testdata/searxng.json

+{
+	"query": "python",
+	"number_of_results": 116000000,
+	"results": [
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.python.org/",
+			"title": "Welcome to Python.org",
+			"content": "Python is a versatile and powerful language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more effectively. Learn how to get started, download the latest version, access documentation, find jobs, and join the Python community.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.python.org", "/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [1, 1, 1],
+			"score": 9.0,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://wiki.nerdvpn.de/wiki/Python_(programming_language)",
+			"title": "Python (programming language) - Wikipedia",
+			"content": "Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional programming.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "wiki.nerdvpn.de", "/wiki/Python_(programming_language)", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [4, 3, 2],
+			"score": 3.25,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/index.html",
+			"title": "The Python Tutorial \u2014 Python 3.12.3 documentation",
+			"content": "3 days ago \u00b7 Python is an easy to learn, powerful programming language. It has efficient high-level data structures and a simple but effective approach to object-oriented programming. Python\u2019s elegant syntax and dynamic typing, together with its interpreted nature, make it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application development in many \u2026",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "docs.python.org", "/3/tutorial/index.html", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [5, 5, 3],
+			"score": 2.2,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.python.org/downloads/",
+			"title": "Download Python | Python.org",
+			"content": "Python is a popular programming language for various purposes. Find the latest version of Python for different operating systems, download release notes, and learn about the development process.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.python.org", "/downloads/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [2, 2],
+			"score": 2.0,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.python.org/about/gettingstarted/",
+			"title": "Python For Beginners | Python.org",
+			"content": "Learn the basics of Python, a popular and easy-to-use programming language, from installing it to using it for various purposes. Find out how to access online documentation, tutorials, books, code samples, and more resources to help you get started with Python.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.python.org", "/about/gettingstarted/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [9, 4, 4],
+			"score": 1.8333333333333333,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.python.org/shell/",
+			"title": "Welcome to Python.org",
+			"content": "Python is a versatile and easy-to-use programming language that lets you work quickly. Learn more about Python, download the latest version, access documentation, find jobs, and join the community.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.python.org", "/shell/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [3, 10, 8],
+			"score": 1.675,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://realpython.com/",
+			"title": "Python Tutorials \u2013 Real Python",
+			"content": "Real Python offers comprehensive and up-to-date tutorials, books, and courses for Python developers of all skill levels. Whether you want to learn Python basics, web development, data science, machine learning, or more, you can find clear and practical guides and code examples here.",
+			"engine": "bing",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "realpython.com", "/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["bing", "qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [6, 6, 5],
+			"score": 1.6,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://wiki.nerdvpn.de/wiki/Python",
+			"title": "Python",
+			"content": "Topics referred to by the same term",
+			"engine": "wikipedia",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "wiki.nerdvpn.de", "/wiki/Python", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["wikipedia"],
+			"positions": [1],
+			"score": 1.0,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"title": "Online Python - IDE, Editor, Compiler, Interpreter",
+			"content": "Online Python IDE is a free online tool that lets you write, execute, and share Python code in the web browser. Learn about Python, its features, and its popularity as a general-purpose programming language for web development, data science, and more.",
+			"url": "https://www.online-python.com/",
+			"engine": "duckduckgo",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.online-python.com", "/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["qwant", "duckduckgo"],
+			"positions": [8, 6],
+			"score": 0.5833333333333333,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://micropython.org/",
+			"title": "MicroPython - Python for microcontrollers",
+			"content": "MicroPython is a full Python compiler and runtime that runs on the bare-metal. You get an interactive prompt (the REPL) to execute commands immediately, along ...",
+			"img_src": null,
+			"engine": "google",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "micropython.org", "/", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["google"],
+			"positions": [1],
+			"score": 1.0,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/uk/dictionary/english/python",
+			"title": "PYTHON | \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456 - Cambridge Dictionary",
+			"content": "Apr 17, 2024 \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f PYTHON: 1. a very large snake that kills animals for food by wrapping itself around them and crushing them\u2026. \u0414\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435.",
+			"img_src": null,
+			"engine": "google",
+			"parsed_url": [
+				"https",
+				"dictionary.cambridge.org",
+				"/uk/dictionary/english/python",
+				"",
+				"",
+				""
+			],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["google"],
+			"positions": [2],
+			"score": 0.5,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.codetoday.co.uk/code",
+			"title": "Web-based Python Editor (with Turtle graphics)",
+			"content": "Quick way of starting to write Python code, including drawing with Turtle, provided by CodeToday using Trinket.io Ideal for young children to start ...",
+			"img_src": null,
+			"engine": "google",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "www.codetoday.co.uk", "/code", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["google"],
+			"positions": [3],
+			"score": 0.3333333333333333,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://snapcraft.io/docs/python-plugin",
+			"title": "The python plugin | Snapcraft documentation",
+			"content": "The python plugin can be used by either Python 2 or Python 3 based parts using a setup.py script for building the project, or using a package published to ...",
+			"img_src": null,
+			"engine": "google",
+			"parsed_url": ["https", "snapcraft.io", "/docs/python-plugin", "", "", ""],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["google"],
+			"positions": [4],
+			"score": 0.25,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://www.developer-tech.com/categories/developer-languages/developer-languages-python/",
+			"title": "Latest Python Developer News",
+			"content": "Python's status as the primary language for AI and machine learning projects, from its extensive data-handling capabilities to its flexibility and ...",
+			"img_src": null,
+			"engine": "google",
+			"parsed_url": [
+				"https",
+				"www.developer-tech.com",
+				"/categories/developer-languages/developer-languages-python/",
+				"",
+				"",
+				""
+			],
+			"template": "default.html",
+			"engines": ["google"],
+			"positions": [5],
+			"score": 0.2,
+			"category": "general"
+		},
+		{
+			"url": "https://subjectguides.york.ac.uk/coding/python",
+			"title": "Coding: a Practical Guide - Python - Subject Guides",
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