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This PR improves the FP8 performance of linear layers, which had been lacking before (#4118 (comment) and #4118 (comment)).

We noticed that CUBLASLt can find a better algorithm if the first dimension of the matrix is greater than 16. So this PR enlarges matrices appropriately during quantization. This improves FP8 performance and removes the performance regression vs. FP16, in many cases exceeding FP16 performance.

Here are benchmarks on llama3 70b (ITL numbers for 1000 input and 50 output tokens at fixed qps and at TP 4), all FP8 measurements are for dynamic quantization:

qps = 1: 24 ms (FP8, this PR), 32 ms (FP8, previous main), 26 ms (FP16)
qps = 2: 26 ms (FP8, this PR), 34ms (FP8, previous main), 28 ms (FP16) 
qps = 4: 33 ms (FP8, this PR), 44 ms (FP8, previous main), 36 ms (FP16)
qps = 6: 46 ms (FP8, this PR), 56 ms (FP8, previous main), 54 ms (FP16)
qps = 8: 85 ms (FP8, this PR), 85 ms (FP8, previous main), 138 ms (FP16)

Co-authored-by: Dash Desai <1723932+iamontheinet@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Aurick Qiao <qiao@aurick.net>
Co-authored-by: Aurick Qiao <aurick.qiao@snowflake.com>
Co-authored-by: Aurick Qiao <aurickq@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Cody Yu <hao.yu.cody@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Cade Daniel <edacih@gmail.com>

This PR updates the tuning script for the fused_moe kernel to support FP8 and also adds configurations for TP4. Note that for the configuration I removed num_warps and num_stages for small batch sizes since that improved performance and brought the benchmarks on par with the numbers before in that regime to make sure this is a strict improvement over the status quo.

All the numbers below are for mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1, 1000 input and 50 output tokens.

Before this PR (with static activation scaling):

qps = 1: 9.8 ms ITL, 0.49s e2e latency
qps = 2: 9.7 ms ITL, 0.49s e2e latency 
qps = 4: 10.1 ms ITL, 0.52s e2e latency
qps = 6: 11.9 ms ITL, 0.59s e2e latency
qps = 8: 14.0 ms ITL, 0.70s e2e latency
qps = 10: 15.7 ms ITL, 0.79s e2e latency

After this PR (with static activation scaling):

qps = 1: 9.8 ms ITL, 0.49s e2e latency
qps = 2: 9.7 ms ITL, 0.49s e2e latency
qps = 4: 10.2 ms ITL, 0.53s e2e latency
qps = 6: 11.9 ms ITL, 0.59s e2e latency
qps = 8: 11.9 ms ITL, 0.59s e2e latency
qps = 10: 12.1 ms ITL, 0.61s e2e latency

Co-authored-by: Philipp Moritz <pcmoritz@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Woosuk Kwon <woosuk.kwon@berkeley.edu>
Co-authored-by: mgoin <michael@neuralmagic.com>
Co-authored-by: Tyler Michael Smith <tyler@neuralmagic.com>
Co-authored-by: Cody Yu <hao.yu.cody@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: alexm <alexm@neuralmagic.com>
Co-authored-by: mgoin <michael@neuralmagic.com>

Co-authored-by: DefTruth <31974251+deftruth@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Woosuk Kwon <woosuk.kwon@berkeley.edu>

Co-authored-by: Danny Guinther <dguinther@neuralmagic.com>

Fixes fp8 iterface which broke in AQLM merge.

This PR is the first step towards fixing https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/3208

It implements dynamic per-tensor scaling (see https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/4118), so users do not need to compute activation scales on a calibration dataset and they also don't need to convert their model checkpoints. It is enough to specify the `quantization="fp8"` argument. You can try out the PR like this:

```python
from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams

prompts = [
    "Hello, my name is",
    "The president of the United States is",
    "The capital of France is",
    "The future of AI is",
]
sampling_params = SamplingParams(temperature=0.8, top_p=0.95)

llm = LLM(model="mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1", tensor_parallel_size=2, quantization="fp8")

outputs = llm.generate(prompts, sampling_params)

# Print the outputs.
for output in outputs:
    prompt = output.prompt
    generated_text = output.outputs[0].text
    print(f"Prompt: {prompt!r}, Generated text: {generated_text!r}")
```

**Performance**: For this PR, the focus is on making the code clean (while still trying to get reasonable performance), there is a bunch of optimizations that we will submit as a follow up PR that significantly improve the performance (similar to the numbers in https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/3954). With this PR, the results are as follows:

<img width="725" alt="Screenshot 2024-04-21 at 1 31 50 PM" src="https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/assets/113316/d8fe1118-07a0-4d4e-8530-37a77d465a03">


**Accuracy**: The accuracy with this PR on MMLU on `mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1` is as follows:

```
|      Groups      |Version|Filter|n-shot|Metric|Value |   |Stderr|
|------------------|-------|------|-----:|------|-----:|---|-----:|
|mmlu              |N/A    |none  |     0|acc   |0.7018|±  |0.0036|
| - humanities     |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.6472|±  |0.0065|
| - other          |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.7673|±  |0.0072|
| - social_sciences|N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.8099|±  |0.0070|
| - stem           |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.6131|±  |0.0083|
```
this compares favorably with the fp16 results which are
```
|      Groups      |Version|Filter|n-shot|Metric|Value |   |Stderr|
|------------------|-------|------|-----:|------|-----:|---|-----:|
|mmlu              |N/A    |none  |     0|acc   |0.7020|±  |0.1313|
| - humanities     |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.6425|±  |0.1349|
| - other          |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.7744|±  |0.1038|
| - social_sciences|N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.8131|±  |0.0695|
| - stem           |N/A    |none  |     5|acc   |0.6108|±  |0.1383|
```

Happy hacking!

Co-authored-by: mgoin <michael@neuralmagic.com>

Provide an initial support to FP8 computation. This PR is inspired by HuggingFace TGI: huggingface/text-generation-inference#1726

This feature can be enabled with --quantization fp8 or -q fp8 when launching an engine.

Algorithm:
We still load a model checkpoint in FP16/BF16. After the weights are loaded, Fp8LinearMethod calculates the per-tensor scaling factor of weights and quantizes the weights accordingly. The scaling factor will then be stored for future use. Meanwhile, the per-tensor scaling factor for activations is calculated in every forward pass.

Initial Results:
Currently tested Mistral-7B on 1xH100. With prompt length ~5 and decoding length 128:

BF16: 1.47s
FP8: 1.66s
I'll try to use larger models and try to find more performance bottleneck. Meanwhile, you're welcome to try this code.

Co-authored-by: Roger Wang <136131678+ywang96@users.noreply.github.com>

[WIP][Core][Refactor] move vllm/model_executor/parallel_utils into vllm/distributed and vllm/device_communicators (#3950)

Signed-off-by: Travis Johnson <tsjohnso@us.ibm.com>

Co-authored-by: Gregory Shtrasberg <Gregory.Shtrasberg@amd.com>
Co-authored-by: HaiShaw <hixiao@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: AdrianAbeyta <Adrian.Abeyta@amd.com>
Co-authored-by: Matthew Wong <Matthew.Wong2@amd.com>
Co-authored-by: root <root@gt-pla-u18-08.pla.dcgpu>
Co-authored-by: mawong-amd <156021403+mawong-amd@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: ttbachyinsda <ttbachyinsda@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: guofangze <guofangze@kuaishou.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Goin <mgoin64@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: jacobthebanana <50071502+jacobthebanana@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Woosuk Kwon <woosuk.kwon@berkeley.edu>