[Docs] Propose a deprecation policy for the project (#17063)

Signed-off-by: Russell Bryant <rbryant@redhat.com>
Co-authored-by: Cyrus Leung <cyrus.tl.leung@gmail.com>

docs/source/contributing/deprecation_policy.md

+# Deprecation Policy
+
+This document outlines the official policy and process for deprecating features
+in the vLLM project.
+
+## Overview
+
+vLLM uses a structured "deprecation pipeline" to guide the lifecycle of
+deprecated features. This policy ensures that users are given clear and
+sufficient notice when a feature is deprecated and that deprecations proceed in
+a consistent and predictable manner.
+
+We aim to strike a balance between continued innovation and respecting users’
+reliance on existing functionality. Deprecations are tied to our **minor (Y)
+releases** following semantic versioning (X.Y.Z), where:
+
+- **X** is a major version (rare)
+- **Y** is a minor version (used for significant changes, including deprecations/removals)
+- **Z** is a patch version (used for fixes and safer enhancements)
+
+Features that fall under this policy include (at a minimum) the following:
+
+- CLI flags
+- Environment variables
+- Configuration files
+- APIs in the OpenAI-compatible API server
+- Public Python APIs for the `vllm` library
+
+## Deprecation Pipeline
+
+The deprecation process consists of several clearly defined stages that span
+multiple Y releases:
+
+**1. Deprecated (Still On By Default)**
+
+- **Action**: Feature is marked as deprecated.
+- **Timeline**: A removal version is explicitly stated in the deprecation
+warning (e.g., "This will be removed in v0.10.0").
+- **Communication**: Deprecation is noted in the following, as applicable:
+  - Help strings
+  - Log output
+  - API responses
+  - `/metrics` output (for metrics features)
+  - User-facing documentation
+  - Release notes
+  - GitHub Issue (RFC) for feedback
+  - Documentation and use of the `@typing_extensions.deprecated` decorator for Python APIs
+
+**2.Deprecated (Off By Default)**
+
+- **Action**: Feature is disabled by default, but can still be re-enabled via a
+CLI flag or environment variable. Feature throws an error when used without
+re-enabling.
+- **Purpose**: Allows users who missed earlier warnings a temporary escape hatch
+while signaling imminent removal. Ensures any remaining usage is clearly
+surfaced and blocks silent breakage before full removal.
+
+**3. Removed**
+
+- **Action**: Feature is completely removed from the codebase.
+- **Note**: Only features that have passed through the previous deprecation
+stages will be removed.
+
+## Example Timeline
+
+Assume a feature is deprecated in `v0.9.0`.
+
+| Release       | Status                                                                                          |
+|---------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `v0.9.0`      | Feature is deprecated with clear removal version listed.                                        |
+| `v0.10.0`     | Feature is now off by default, throws an error when used, and can be re-enabled for legacy use. |
+| `v0.11.0`     | Feature is removed.                                                                             |
+
+## Important Guidelines
+
+- **No Removals in Patch Releases**: Removing deprecated features in patch
+(`.Z`) releases is disallowed to avoid surprising users.
+- **Grace Period for Existing Deprecations**: Any feature deprecated **before
+this policy** will have its grace period start **now**, not retroactively.
+- **Documentation is Critical**: Ensure every stage of the pipeline is
+documented clearly for users.
+
+## Final Notes
+
+This policy is a living document and may evolve as the needs of the project and
+its users change. Community feedback is welcome and encouraged as we refine the
+process.

docs/source/design/v1/metrics.md

@@ -467,6 +467,9 @@ In general:
    hatch](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/system-metrics/#show-hidden-metrics)
    for some time before deleting them.
 
+See the [deprecation policy](project:../../contributing/deprecation_policy.md) for
+the project-wide deprecation policy.
+
 ### Unimplemented - `vllm:tokens_total`
 
 Added by <gh-pr:4464>, but apparently never implemented. This can just be

docs/source/index.md

@@ -181,6 +181,7 @@ design/v1/metrics
 :maxdepth: 2
 
 contributing/overview
+contributing/deprecation_policy
 contributing/profiling/profiling_index
 contributing/dockerfile/dockerfile
 contributing/model/index