model.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project

import warnings
from collections.abc import Callable
from dataclasses import InitVar, field
from functools import cached_property
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, cast, get_args

import torch
from pydantic import ConfigDict, Field, field_validator, model_validator

import vllm.envs as envs
from vllm.config.model_arch import (
    ModelArchitectureConfig,
)
from vllm.config.multimodal import (
    MMCacheType,
    MMEncoderTPMode,
    MMTensorIPC,
    MultiModalConfig,
)
from vllm.config.pooler import PoolerConfig
from vllm.config.scheduler import RunnerType
from vllm.config.utils import config, getattr_iter
from vllm.logger import init_logger
from vllm.platforms import current_platform
from vllm.tasks import PoolingTask, ScoreType, SupportedTask
from vllm.transformers_utils.config import (
    ConfigFormat,
    get_config,
    get_hf_image_processor_config,
    get_hf_text_config,
    get_pooling_config,
    get_sentence_transformer_tokenizer_config,
    is_encoder_decoder,
    is_rope_parameters_nested,
    try_get_dense_modules,
    try_get_generation_config,
    try_get_tokenizer_config,
    uses_mrope,
    uses_xdrope_dim,
)
from vllm.transformers_utils.gguf_utils import (
    is_gguf,
    is_remote_gguf,
    maybe_patch_hf_config_from_gguf,
    split_remote_gguf,
)
from vllm.transformers_utils.model_arch_config_convertor import (
    MODEL_ARCH_CONFIG_CONVERTORS,
    ModelArchConfigConvertorBase,
)
from vllm.transformers_utils.runai_utils import ObjectStorageModel, is_runai_obj_uri
from vllm.transformers_utils.utils import maybe_model_redirect
from vllm.utils.import_utils import LazyLoader
from vllm.v1.attention.backends.registry import AttentionBackendEnum

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from transformers import PretrainedConfig

    import vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization as me_quant
    import vllm.model_executor.models as me_models
    from vllm.config.load import LoadConfig
    from vllm.config.parallel import ParallelConfig
    from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization import QuantizationMethods
    from vllm.v1.sample.logits_processor import LogitsProcessor
else:
    PretrainedConfig = Any

    me_quant = LazyLoader(
        "model_executor", globals(), "vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization"
    )
    me_models = LazyLoader("model_executor", globals(), "vllm.model_executor.models")
    LoadConfig = Any
    ParallelConfig = Any
    QuantizationMethods = Any
    LogitsProcessor = Any

logger = init_logger(__name__)

RunnerOption = Literal["auto", RunnerType]
ConvertType = Literal["none", "embed", "classify"]
ConvertOption = Literal["auto", ConvertType]
TokenizerMode = Literal["auto", "hf", "slow", "mistral", "deepseek_v32"]
ModelDType = Literal["auto", "half", "float16", "bfloat16", "float", "float32"]
LogprobsMode = Literal[
    "raw_logits", "raw_logprobs", "processed_logits", "processed_logprobs"
]
HfOverrides = dict[str, Any] | Callable[[PretrainedConfig], PretrainedConfig]
ModelImpl = Literal["auto", "vllm", "transformers", "terratorch"]
LayerBlockType = Literal["attention", "linear_attention", "mamba"]

_RUNNER_CONVERTS: dict[RunnerType, list[ConvertType]] = {
    "generate": [],
    "pooling": ["embed", "classify"],
    "draft": [],
}

AttnTypeStr = Literal[
    "decoder", "encoder", "encoder_only", "encoder_decoder", "attention_free", "hybrid"
]


@config(config=ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True))
class ModelConfig:
    """Configuration for the model."""

    model: str = "Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B"
    """Name or path of the Hugging Face model to use. It is also used as the
    content for `model_name` tag in metrics output when `served_model_name` is
    not specified."""
    model_weights: str = ""
    """Original model weights path. Used when the model is pulled from object
    storage (e.g., RunAI) to preserve the original URI while `model` points to
    the local directory."""
    runner: RunnerOption = "auto"
    """The type of model runner to use. Each vLLM instance only supports one
    model runner, even if the same model can be used for multiple types."""
    convert: ConvertOption = "auto"
    """Convert the model using adapters defined in
    [vllm.model_executor.models.adapters][]. The most common use case is to
    adapt a text generation model to be used for pooling tasks."""
    tokenizer: str = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
    """Name or path of the Hugging Face tokenizer to use. If unspecified, model
    name or path will be used."""
    tokenizer_mode: TokenizerMode | str = "auto"
    """Tokenizer mode:

    - "auto" will use the tokenizer from `mistral_common` for Mistral models
      if available, otherwise it will use the "hf" tokenizer.
    - "hf" will use the fast tokenizer if available.
    - "slow" will always use the slow tokenizer.
    - "mistral" will always use the tokenizer from `mistral_common`.
    - "deepseek_v32" will always use the tokenizer from `deepseek_v32`.
    - "qwen_vl" will always use the tokenizer from `qwen_vl`.
    - Other custom values can be supported via plugins."""
    trust_remote_code: bool = False
    """Trust remote code (e.g., from HuggingFace) when downloading the model
    and tokenizer."""
    dtype: ModelDType | torch.dtype = "auto"
    """Data type for model weights and activations:

    - "auto" will use FP16 precision for FP32 and FP16 models, and BF16
      precision for BF16 models.
    - "half" for FP16. Recommended for AWQ quantization.
    - "float16" is the same as "half".
    - "bfloat16" for a balance between precision and range.
    - "float" is shorthand for FP32 precision.
    - "float32" for FP32 precision."""
    seed: int = 0
    """Random seed for reproducibility.

    We must set the global seed because otherwise,
    different tensor parallel workers would sample different tokens,
    leading to inconsistent results."""
    hf_config: PretrainedConfig = field(init=False)
    """The Hugging Face config of the model."""
    hf_text_config: PretrainedConfig = field(init=False)
    """The Hugging Face config of the text model (same as hf_config for text models)."""
    hf_config_path: str | None = None
    """Name or path of the Hugging Face config to use. If unspecified, model
    name or path will be used."""
    allowed_local_media_path: str = ""
    """Allowing API requests to read local images or videos from directories
    specified by the server file system. This is a security risk. Should only
    be enabled in trusted environments."""
    allowed_media_domains: list[str] | None = None
    """If set, only media URLs that belong to this domain can be used for
    multi-modal inputs. """
    revision: str | None = None
    """The specific model version to use. It can be a branch name, a tag name,
    or a commit id. If unspecified, will use the default version."""
    code_revision: str | None = None
    """The specific revision to use for the model code on the Hugging Face Hub.
    It can be a branch name, a tag name, or a commit id. If unspecified, will
    use the default version."""
    tokenizer_revision: str | None = None
    """The specific revision to use for the tokenizer on the Hugging Face Hub.
    It can be a branch name, a tag name, or a commit id. If unspecified, will
    use the default version."""
    max_model_len: int = Field(default=None, ge=-1)  # type: ignore[assignment]
    """Model context length (prompt and output). If unspecified, will be
    automatically derived from the model config.

    When passing via `--max-model-len`, supports k/m/g/K/M/G in human-readable
    format. Examples:

    - 1k -> 1000
    - 1K -> 1024
    - 25.6k -> 25,600
    - -1 or 'auto' -> Automatically choose the maximum model length that fits in
      GPU memory. This will use the model's maximum context length if it fits,
      otherwise it will find the largest length that can be accommodated."""
    spec_target_max_model_len: int | None = None
    """Specify the maximum length for spec decoding draft models."""
    quantization: QuantizationMethods | str | None = None
    """Method used to quantize the weights. If `None`, we first check the
    `quantization_config` attribute in the model config file. If that is
    `None`, we assume the model weights are not quantized and use `dtype` to
    determine the data type of the weights."""
    allow_deprecated_quantization: bool = False
    """Whether to allow deprecated quantization methods."""
    enforce_eager: bool = False
    """Whether to always use eager-mode PyTorch. If True, we will disable CUDA
    graph and always execute the model in eager mode. If False, we will use
    CUDA graph and eager execution in hybrid for maximal performance and
    flexibility."""
    enable_return_routed_experts: bool = False
    """Whether to return routed experts."""
    max_logprobs: int = 20
    """Maximum number of log probabilities to return when `logprobs` is
    specified in `SamplingParams`. The default value comes the default for the
    OpenAI Chat Completions API. -1 means no cap, i.e. all (output_length *
    vocab_size) logprobs are allowed to be returned and it may cause OOM."""
    logprobs_mode: LogprobsMode = "raw_logprobs"
    """Indicates the content returned in the logprobs and prompt_logprobs.
    Supported mode:
    1) raw_logprobs, 2) processed_logprobs, 3) raw_logits, 4) processed_logits.
    Raw means the values before applying any logit processors, like bad words.
    Processed means the values after applying all processors, including
    temperature and top_k/top_p.
    """
    disable_sliding_window: bool = False
    """Whether to disable sliding window. If True, we will disable the sliding
    window functionality of the model, capping to sliding window size. If the
    model does not support sliding window, this argument is ignored."""
    disable_cascade_attn: bool = True
    """Disable cascade attention for V1. While cascade attention does not
    change the mathematical correctness, disabling it could be useful for
    preventing potential numerical issues. This defaults to True, so users
    must opt in to cascade attention by setting this to False. Even when this
    is set to False, cascade attention will only be used when the heuristic
    tells that it's beneficial."""
    skip_tokenizer_init: bool = False
    """Skip initialization of tokenizer and detokenizer. Expects valid
    `prompt_token_ids` and `None` for prompt from the input. The generated
    output will contain token ids."""
    enable_prompt_embeds: bool = False
    """If `True`, enables passing text embeddings as inputs via the
    `prompt_embeds` key.

    WARNING: The vLLM engine may crash if incorrect shape of embeddings is passed.
    Only enable this flag for trusted users!"""
    served_model_name: str | list[str] | None = None
    """The model name(s) used in the API. If multiple names are provided, the
    server will respond to any of the provided names. The model name in the
    model field of a response will be the first name in this list. If not
    specified, the model name will be the same as the `--model` argument. Noted
    that this name(s) will also be used in `model_name` tag content of
    prometheus metrics, if multiple names provided, metrics tag will take the
    first one."""
    config_format: str | ConfigFormat = "auto"
    """The format of the model config to load:

    - "auto" will try to load the config in hf format if available after trying
      to load in mistral format.
    - "hf" will load the config in hf format.
    - "mistral" will load the config in mistral format."""
    hf_token: bool | str | None = None
    """The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files . If
    `True`, will use the token generated when running `hf auth login`
    (stored in `~/.cache/huggingface/token`)."""
    hf_overrides: HfOverrides = field(default_factory=dict)
    """If a dictionary, contains arguments to be forwarded to the Hugging Face
    config. If a callable, it is called to update the HuggingFace config."""
    generation_config: str = "auto"
    """The folder path to the generation config. Defaults to `"auto"`, the
    generation config will be loaded from model path. If set to `"vllm"`, no
    generation config is loaded, vLLM defaults will be used. If set to a folder
    path, the generation config will be loaded from the specified folder path.
    If `max_new_tokens` is specified in generation config, then it sets a
    server-wide limit on the number of output tokens for all requests."""
    override_generation_config: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
    """Overrides or sets generation config. e.g. `{"temperature": 0.5}`. If
    used with `--generation-config auto`, the override parameters will be
    merged with the default config from the model. If used with
    `--generation-config vllm`, only the override parameters are used."""
    enable_sleep_mode: bool = False
    """Enable sleep mode for the engine (only cuda and
    hip platforms are supported)."""
    model_impl: str | ModelImpl = "auto"
    """Which implementation of the model to use:

    - "auto" will try to use the vLLM implementation, if it exists, and fall back to the
      Transformers implementation if no vLLM implementation is available.
    - "vllm" will use the vLLM model implementation.
    - "transformers" will use the Transformers model implementation.
    - "terratorch" will use the TerraTorch model implementation.
    """
    override_attention_dtype: str | None = None
    """Override dtype for attention"""
    logits_processors: list[str | type[LogitsProcessor]] | None = None
    """One or more logits processors' fully-qualified class names or class
    definitions"""
    io_processor_plugin: str | None = None
    """IOProcessor plugin name to load at model startup"""
    renderer_num_workers: int = 1
    """Number of worker threads in the renderer thread pool. This pool
    handles async tokenization, chat template rendering, and multimodal
    preprocessing."""

    # Pooler config
    pooler_config: PoolerConfig | None = None
    """Pooler config which controls the behaviour of output pooling in pooling
    models."""

    # Multimodal config and init vars
    multimodal_config: MultiModalConfig | None = None
    """Configuration for multimodal model. If `None`, this will be inferred
    from the architecture of `self.model`."""
    language_model_only: InitVar[bool] = False
    limit_mm_per_prompt: InitVar[dict[str, int | dict[str, int]] | None] = None
    enable_mm_embeds: InitVar[bool | None] = None
    media_io_kwargs: InitVar[dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None] = None
    mm_processor_kwargs: InitVar[dict[str, Any] | None] = None
    mm_processor_cache_gb: InitVar[float | None] = None
    mm_processor_cache_type: InitVar[MMCacheType | None] = None
    mm_shm_cache_max_object_size_mb: InitVar[int | None] = None
    mm_encoder_only: InitVar[bool | None] = None
    mm_encoder_tp_mode: InitVar[MMEncoderTPMode | None] = None
    mm_encoder_attn_backend: InitVar[AttentionBackendEnum | str | None] = None
    interleave_mm_strings: InitVar[bool | None] = None
    skip_mm_profiling: InitVar[bool | None] = None
    video_pruning_rate: InitVar[float | None] = None
    mm_tensor_ipc: InitVar[MMTensorIPC] = None

    def compute_hash(self) -> str:
        """
        WARNING: Whenever a new field is added to this config,
        ensure that it is included in the factors list if
        it affects the computation graph.

        Provide a hash that uniquely identifies all the configs
        that affect the structure of the computation
        graph from input ids/embeddings to the final hidden states,
        excluding anything before input ids/embeddings and after
        the final hidden states.
        """
        ignored_factors = {
            "convert",
            "tokenizer",
            "tokenizer_mode",
            "seed",
            "hf_config_path",
            "allowed_local_media_path",
            "allowed_media_domains",
            "tokenizer_revision",
            "spec_target_max_model_len",
            "enforce_eager",
            "logprobs_mode",
            "disable_cascade_attn",
            "skip_tokenizer_init",
            "served_model_name",
            "config_format",
            "hf_token",
            "hf_overrides",
            "override_attention_dtype",
            "logits_processors",
            "io_processor_plugin",
            "pooler_config",
            "multimodal_config",
            "limit_mm_per_prompt",
            "media_io_kwargs",
            "mm_processor_kwargs",
            "mm_processor_cache_gb",
            "mm_processor_cache_type",
            "mm_shm_cache_max_object_size_mb",
            "mm_encoder_tp_mode",
            "interleave_mm_strings",
            "skip_mm_profiling",
        }

        from vllm.config.utils import get_hash_factors, hash_factors

        factors = get_hash_factors(self, ignored_factors)

        # NOTE: For some models (e.g, Qwen3-VL), whether the MM code path is enabled
        # affects the computation graph of the language model, therefore we add it
        # here early.
        if self.multimodal_config:
            factors["language_model_only"] = self.multimodal_config.language_model_only
        return hash_factors(factors)

    def _update_nested(
        self,
        target: PretrainedConfig | dict[str, Any],
        updates: dict[str, Any],
    ) -> None:
        """Recursively updates a config or dict with nested updates."""
        for key, value in updates.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                # Get the nested target
                if isinstance(target, dict):
                    nested_target = target.get(key)
                else:
                    nested_target = getattr(target, key, None)

                # If nested target exists and can be updated recursively
                if nested_target is not None and (
                    isinstance(nested_target, dict)
                    or hasattr(nested_target, "__dict__")
                ):
                    self._update_nested(nested_target, value)
                    continue

            # Set the value (base case)
            if isinstance(target, dict):
                target[key] = value
            else:
                setattr(target, key, value)

    def _apply_dict_overrides(
        self,
        config: PretrainedConfig,
        overrides: dict[str, Any],
    ) -> None:
        """Apply dict overrides, handling both nested configs and dict values."""
        from transformers import PretrainedConfig

        for key, value in overrides.items():
            attr = getattr(config, key, None)
            if attr is not None and isinstance(attr, PretrainedConfig):
                # It's a nested config - recursively update it
                self._update_nested(attr, value)
            else:
                # It's a dict-valued parameter - set it directly
                setattr(config, key, value)

    def __post_init__(
        self,
        # Multimodal config init vars
        language_model_only: bool,
        limit_mm_per_prompt: dict[str, int | dict[str, int]] | None,
        enable_mm_embeds: bool | None,
        media_io_kwargs: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None,
        mm_processor_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None,
        mm_processor_cache_gb: float | None,
        mm_processor_cache_type: MMCacheType | None,
        mm_shm_cache_max_object_size_mb: int | None,
        mm_encoder_only: bool | None,
        mm_encoder_tp_mode: MMEncoderTPMode | None,
        mm_encoder_attn_backend: AttentionBackendEnum | str | None,
        interleave_mm_strings: bool | None,
        skip_mm_profiling: bool | None,
        video_pruning_rate: float | None,
        mm_tensor_ipc: MMTensorIPC,
    ) -> None:
        # Keep set served_model_name before maybe_model_redirect(self.model)
        self.served_model_name = get_served_model_name(
            self.model, self.served_model_name
        )
        self.model = maybe_model_redirect(self.model)
        # The tokenizer is consistent with the model by default.
        if self.tokenizer is None:
            self.tokenizer = self.model
        if self.tokenizer_revision is None:
            self.tokenizer_revision = self.revision
        self.tokenizer = maybe_model_redirect(self.tokenizer)

        if isinstance(self.hf_config_path, str):
            self.hf_config_path = maybe_model_redirect(self.hf_config_path)

        if callable(self.hf_overrides):
            hf_overrides_kw: dict[str, Any] = {}
            hf_overrides_fn = self.hf_overrides
            dict_overrides: dict[str, Any] = {}
        else:
            # Separate dict overrides from flat ones
            # We'll determine how to apply dict overrides after loading the config
            hf_overrides_kw = {}
            dict_overrides = {}
            for key, value in self.hf_overrides.items():
                if isinstance(value, dict):
                    dict_overrides[key] = value
                else:
                    hf_overrides_kw[key] = value
            hf_overrides_fn = None

        self.maybe_pull_model_tokenizer_for_runai(self.model, self.tokenizer)

        if self.override_attention_dtype is not None and not current_platform.is_rocm():
            warnings.warn(
                "override-attention-dtype is set but not using ROCm platform",
                stacklevel=2,
            )

        if self.enable_sleep_mode and not current_platform.is_sleep_mode_available():
            raise ValueError("Sleep mode is not supported on current platform.")

        hf_config = get_config(
            self.hf_config_path or self.model,
            self.trust_remote_code,
            self.revision,
            self.code_revision,
            self.config_format,
            hf_overrides_kw=hf_overrides_kw,
            hf_overrides_fn=hf_overrides_fn,
            token=self.hf_token,
        )
        hf_config = maybe_patch_hf_config_from_gguf(
            self.model,
            hf_config,
        )

        self.hf_config = hf_config
        if dict_overrides:
            self._apply_dict_overrides(hf_config, dict_overrides)
        self.hf_text_config = get_hf_text_config(self.hf_config)
        self.attention_chunk_size = getattr(
            self.hf_text_config, "attention_chunk_size", None
        )
        self.encoder_config = self._get_encoder_config()
        self.hf_image_processor_config = get_hf_image_processor_config(
            self.model, hf_token=self.hf_token, revision=self.revision
        )
        self.model_arch_config = self.get_model_arch_config()

        architectures = self.architectures
        registry = self.registry
        is_generative_model = registry.is_text_generation_model(architectures, self)
        is_pooling_model = registry.is_pooling_model(architectures, self)

        self.runner_type = self._get_runner_type(architectures, self.runner)
        self.convert_type = self._get_convert_type(
            architectures, self.runner_type, self.convert
        )

        if self.runner_type == "generate" and not is_generative_model:
            generate_converts = _RUNNER_CONVERTS["generate"]
            if self.convert_type not in generate_converts:
                # Currently we don't have any converters for generative models
                raise ValueError("This model does not support `--runner generate`.")
        if self.runner_type == "pooling" and not is_pooling_model:
            pooling_converts = _RUNNER_CONVERTS["pooling"]
            if self.convert_type not in pooling_converts:
                convert_option = "<" + "|".join(pooling_converts) + ">"
                raise ValueError(
                    "This model does not support `--runner pooling`. "
                    f"You can pass `--convert {convert_option} to adapt "
                    "it into a pooling model."
                )

        # Note: Initialize these attributes early because transformers fallback
        # may fail to load dynamic modules in child processes
        model_info, arch = registry.inspect_model_cls(architectures, self)
        self._model_info = model_info
        self._architecture = arch
        logger.info("Resolved architecture: %s", arch)

        # Set default tokenizer modes based on model architecture
        if self.tokenizer_mode == "auto":
            if self.model_impl == "terratorch":
                self.tokenizer_mode = "terratorch"
            elif arch == "Grok1ForCausalLM":
                self.tokenizer_mode = "grok2"
            elif arch == "MoonshotKimiaForCausalLM":
                self.tokenizer_mode = "kimi_audio"
            elif arch == "QwenVLForConditionalGeneration":
                self.tokenizer_mode = "qwen_vl"
            elif arch == "DeepseekV32ForCausalLM":
                self.tokenizer_mode = "deepseek_v32"

            if self.tokenizer_mode != "auto":
                logger.info(
                    "Defaulting to tokenizer_mode=%r for %s",
                    self.tokenizer_mode,
                    arch,
                )

        # Init pooler config if needed
        if self.runner_type == "pooling":
            if self.pooler_config is None:
                self.pooler_config = PoolerConfig()

            base_config = get_pooling_config(self.model, self.revision)
            if base_config is not None:
                # Only set values that are not overridden by the user
                for k, v in base_config.items():
                    if getattr(self.pooler_config, k) is None:
                        setattr(self.pooler_config, k, v)

            default_seq_pooling_type = self._model_info.default_seq_pooling_type
            if self.pooler_config.seq_pooling_type is None:
                self.pooler_config.seq_pooling_type = default_seq_pooling_type
            default_tok_pooling_type = self._model_info.default_tok_pooling_type
            if self.pooler_config.tok_pooling_type is None:
                self.pooler_config.tok_pooling_type = default_tok_pooling_type

        self.dtype: torch.dtype = _get_and_verify_dtype(
            self.model,
            self.hf_config,
            self.dtype,
            is_pooling_model=self.runner_type == "pooling",
            revision=self.revision,
            config_format=self.config_format,
        )

        # Some checkpoints set sliding_window to 0 to indicate that sliding window is
        # disabled, but vLLM uses None for that. Convert 0 to None to avoid errors.
        # Set before get_and_verify_max_len to ensure that max_model_len does not get
        # capped to 0.
        if self.get_sliding_window() == 0:
            self.disable_sliding_window = True
            self.hf_text_config.sliding_window = None

        self.original_max_model_len = self.max_model_len
        self.max_model_len = self.get_and_verify_max_len(self.max_model_len)

        if self.is_encoder_decoder:
            mm_processor_cache_gb = 0
            logger.info("Encoder-decoder model detected, disabling mm processor cache.")

        # Init multimodal config if needed
        if self._model_info.supports_multimodal:
            if (
                mm_encoder_tp_mode == "data"
                and not self._model_info.supports_multimodal_encoder_tp_data
            ):
                logger.warning_once(
                    "This model does not support `--mm-encoder-tp-mode data`. "
                    "Falling back to `--mm-encoder-tp-mode weights`."
                )
                mm_encoder_tp_mode = "weights"

            mm_config_kwargs = dict(
                language_model_only=language_model_only,
                limit_per_prompt=limit_mm_per_prompt,
                enable_mm_embeds=enable_mm_embeds,
                media_io_kwargs=media_io_kwargs,
                mm_processor_kwargs=mm_processor_kwargs,
                mm_processor_cache_gb=mm_processor_cache_gb,
                mm_processor_cache_type=mm_processor_cache_type,
                mm_shm_cache_max_object_size_mb=mm_shm_cache_max_object_size_mb,
                mm_encoder_only=mm_encoder_only,
                mm_encoder_tp_mode=mm_encoder_tp_mode,
                mm_encoder_attn_backend=mm_encoder_attn_backend,
                interleave_mm_strings=interleave_mm_strings,
                skip_mm_profiling=skip_mm_profiling,
                video_pruning_rate=video_pruning_rate,
                mm_tensor_ipc=mm_tensor_ipc,
            )

            mm_config_kwargs = {
                k: v for k, v in mm_config_kwargs.items() if v is not None
            }

            self.multimodal_config = MultiModalConfig(**mm_config_kwargs)  # type: ignore[arg-type]

            if (
                self.renderer_num_workers > 1
                and self.multimodal_config.mm_processor_cache_gb > 0
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    "Cannot use --renderer-num-workers > 1 with the "
                    "multimodal processor cache enabled. The cache is "
                    "not thread-safe and does not support concurrent "
                    "renderer workers. Please set "
                    "--renderer-num-workers 1 (the default), or "
                    "disable the cache with --mm-processor-cache-gb 0."
                )

        # Multimodal GGUF models must use original repo for mm processing
        if is_gguf(self.tokenizer) and self.is_multimodal_model:
            raise ValueError(
                "Loading a multimodal GGUF model needs to use original "
                "tokenizer. Please specify the unquantized hf model's "
                "repo name or path using the --tokenizer argument."
            )

        if self.disable_sliding_window:
            # Set after get_and_verify_max_len to ensure that max_model_len
            # can be correctly capped to sliding window size
            self.hf_text_config.sliding_window = None

        # Avoid running try_verify_and_update_config multiple times
        self.config_updated = False
        self._try_verify_and_update_model_config()
        self._verify_quantization()
        self._verify_cuda_graph()
        self._verify_bnb_config()

    def get_model_arch_config(
        self,
    ) -> ModelArchitectureConfig:
        convertor_cls = MODEL_ARCH_CONFIG_CONVERTORS.get(
            self.hf_config.model_type, ModelArchConfigConvertorBase
        )
        convertor = convertor_cls(self.hf_config, self.hf_text_config)
        return convertor.convert()

    @field_validator("tokenizer", "max_model_len", mode="wrap")
    @classmethod
    def _skip_none_validation(cls, value: Any, handler: Callable) -> Any:
        """Skip validation if the value is `None` when initialisation is delayed."""
        if value is None:
            return value
        return handler(value)

    @field_validator("tokenizer_mode", mode="after")
    def _lowercase_tokenizer_mode(cls, tokenizer_mode: str) -> str:
        return tokenizer_mode.lower()

    @field_validator("quantization", mode="before")
    @classmethod
    def validate_quantization_before(cls, value: Any) -> Any:
        if isinstance(value, str):
            return value.lower()
        return value

    @model_validator(mode="after")
    def validate_model_config_after(self: "ModelConfig") -> "ModelConfig":
        """Called after __post_init__"""
        if not isinstance(self.tokenizer, str):
            raise ValueError(
                f"tokenizer must be a string, got "
                f"{type(self.tokenizer).__name__}: {self.tokenizer!r}. "
                "Please provide a valid tokenizer path or HuggingFace model ID."
            )
        if not isinstance(self.max_model_len, int):
            raise ValueError(
                f"max_model_len must be a positive integer, "
                f"got {type(self.max_model_len).__name__}: {self.max_model_len!r}. "
                "Example: max_model_len=2048"
            )
        return self

    def _get_transformers_backend_cls(self) -> str:
        """Determine which Transformers modeling backend class will be used if
        `model_impl` is set to `transformers` or `auto`."""
        cls = "Transformers"
        # If 'hf_config != hf_text_config' it's a nested config, i.e. multimodal
        cls += "MultiModal" if self.hf_config != self.hf_text_config else ""
        cls += "MoE" if self.is_moe else ""
        # Check if the architecture we're wrapping has defaults
        runner = None
        task = None
        if defaults := try_match_architecture_defaults(self.architectures[0]):
            _, (runner, task) = defaults
        # User specified value take precedence
        if self.runner != "auto":
            runner = self.runner
        # Only consider Transformers modeling backend pooling classes if we're wrapping
        # an architecture that defaults to pooling. Otherwise, we return the LM class
        # and use adapters.
        if runner == "pooling" and task in {"embed", "classify"}:
            if task == "embed":
                cls += "EmbeddingModel"
            elif task == "classify":
                cls += "ForSequenceClassification"
        else:
            cls += "ForCausalLM"
        return cls

    def using_transformers_backend(self) -> bool:
        """Check if the model is using the Transformers modeling backend class."""
        used_cls = self._model_info.architecture
        transformers_backend_cls = self._get_transformers_backend_cls()
        return used_cls == transformers_backend_cls

    @property
    def registry(self):
        return me_models.ModelRegistry

    @property
    def architectures(self) -> list[str]:
        return self.model_arch_config.architectures

    @property
    def architecture(self) -> str:
        """The architecture vllm actually used."""
        return self._architecture

    def maybe_pull_model_tokenizer_for_runai(self, model: str, tokenizer: str) -> None:
        """Pull model/tokenizer from Object Storage to temporary
        directory when needed.

        Args:
            model: Model name or path
            tokenizer: Tokenizer name or path
        """

        # Skip if model_weights is already set (model already pulled)
        if self.model_weights:
            return

        if not (is_runai_obj_uri(model) or is_runai_obj_uri(tokenizer)):
            return

        if is_runai_obj_uri(model):
            object_storage_model = ObjectStorageModel(url=model)
            object_storage_model.pull_files(
                model, allow_pattern=["*.model", "*.py", "*.json"]
            )
            self.model_weights = model
            self.model = object_storage_model.dir

            # If tokenizer is same as model, download to same directory
            if model == tokenizer:
                object_storage_model.pull_files(
                    model,
                    ignore_pattern=[
                        "*.pt",
                        "*.safetensors",
                        "*.bin",
                        "*.tensors",
                        "*.pth",
                    ],
                )
                self.tokenizer = object_storage_model.dir
                return

        # Only download tokenizer if needed and not already handled
        if is_runai_obj_uri(tokenizer):
            object_storage_tokenizer = ObjectStorageModel(url=tokenizer)
            object_storage_tokenizer.pull_files(
                model,
                ignore_pattern=["*.pt", "*.safetensors", "*.bin", "*.tensors", "*.pth"],
            )
            self.tokenizer = object_storage_tokenizer.dir

    def _get_encoder_config(self) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
        model = self.model
        if is_remote_gguf(model):
            model, _ = split_remote_gguf(model)
        return get_sentence_transformer_tokenizer_config(model, self.revision)

    def _get_default_runner_type(
        self,
        architectures: list[str],
    ) -> RunnerType:
        registry = self.registry

        # Some Sentence Transformers models use *ForCausalLM archs
        if get_pooling_config(self.model, self.revision):
            return "pooling"

        for arch in architectures:
            if arch in registry.get_supported_archs():
                if registry.is_pooling_model(architectures, self):
                    return "pooling"
                if registry.is_text_generation_model(architectures, self):
                    return "generate"

            match = try_match_architecture_defaults(arch)
            if match:
                _, (runner_type, _) = match
                return runner_type

        return "generate"

    def _get_runner_type(
        self,
        architectures: list[str],
        runner: RunnerOption,
    ) -> RunnerType:
        if runner != "auto":
            return runner

        runner_type = self._get_default_runner_type(architectures)

        # Don't log the most common case
        if runner_type != "generate":
            logger.info(
                "Resolved `--runner auto` to `--runner %s`. "
                "Pass the value explicitly to silence this message.",
                runner_type,
            )

        return runner_type

    def _get_default_convert_type(
        self,
        architectures: list[str],
        runner_type: RunnerType,
    ) -> ConvertType:
        registry = self.registry

        for arch in architectures:
            if arch in registry.get_supported_archs():
                if runner_type == "generate" and registry.is_text_generation_model(
                    architectures, self
                ):
                    return "none"
                if runner_type == "pooling" and registry.is_pooling_model(
                    architectures, self
                ):
                    return "none"

            match = try_match_architecture_defaults(arch, runner_type=runner_type)
            if match:
                _, (_, convert_type) = match
                return convert_type

        # This is to handle Sentence Transformers models that use *ForCausalLM
        # and also multi-modal pooling models which are not defined as
        # Sentence Transformers models
        if runner_type == "pooling":
            return "embed"

        return "none"

    def _get_convert_type(
        self,
        architectures: list[str],
        runner_type: RunnerType,
        convert: ConvertOption,
    ) -> ConvertType:
        if convert != "auto":
            return convert

        convert_type = self._get_default_convert_type(architectures, runner_type)

        # Don't log the most common case
        if convert_type != "none":
            logger.info(
                "Resolved `--convert auto` to `--convert %s`. "
                "Pass the value explicitly to silence this message.",
                convert_type,
            )

        return convert_type

    def _verify_quantization(self) -> None:
        supported_quantization = me_quant.QUANTIZATION_METHODS
        if self.quantization is not None:
            self.quantization = cast(me_quant.QuantizationMethods, self.quantization)

        # Parse quantization method from the HF model config, if available.
        quant_cfg = self.model_arch_config.quantization_config

        if quant_cfg is not None:
            quant_method = quant_cfg["quant_method"]
            # Quantization methods which are overrides (i.e. they have a
            # `override_quantization_method` method) must be checked in order
            # of preference (this is particularly important for GPTQ).
            overrides = [
                "gptq_marlin",
                "awq_marlin",
                "inc",
                "moe_wna16",
                "modelopt",
                "modelopt_fp4",
                "modelopt_mxfp8",
                "modelopt_mixed",
                "petit_nvfp4",
                # Ensure heavy backends are probed last to avoid unnecessary
                # imports during override detection (e.g., MXFP4 imports Triton)
                "mxfp4",
                "cpu_awq",
                "gguf",
            ]
            quantization_methods = [
                q for q in supported_quantization if q not in overrides
            ]
            # Any custom overrides will be in quantization_methods so we place
            # them at the start of the list so custom overrides have preference
            # over the built-in ones.
            quantization_methods = quantization_methods + overrides

            # Detect which checkpoint is it
            for name in quantization_methods:
                method = me_quant.get_quantization_config(name)
                quantization_override = method.override_quantization_method(
                    quant_cfg, self.quantization
                )
                if quantization_override is not None:
                    # Raise error if the override is not custom (custom would
                    # be in QUANTIZATION_METHODS but not QuantizationMethods)
                    # and hasn't been added to the overrides list.
                    if (
                        name in get_args(me_quant.QuantizationMethods)
                        and name not in overrides
                    ):
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"Quantization method {name} is an override but "
                            "is has not been added to the `overrides` list "
                            "above. This is necessary to ensure that the "
                            "overrides are checked in order of preference."
                        )
                    quant_method = quantization_override
                    self.quantization = quantization_override
                    break

            quant_method = quant_method if quant_method != "" else None
            # Verify quantization configurations.
            if self.quantization is None:
                self.quantization = quant_method
            elif self.quantization != quant_method:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Quantization method specified in the model config "
                    f"({quant_method}) does not match the quantization "
                    f"method specified in the `quantization` argument "
                    f"({self.quantization})."
                )

        if self.quantization is not None:
            if self.quantization not in supported_quantization:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"Unknown quantization method: {self.quantization}. Must "
                    f"be one of {supported_quantization}."
                )
            current_platform.verify_quantization(self.quantization)

        if self.quantization in me_quant.DEPRECATED_QUANTIZATION_METHODS:
            if self.allow_deprecated_quantization:
                logger.warning(
                    "The quantization method %s is deprecated "
                    "and will be removed in future versions of vLLM.",
                    self.quantization,
                )
            else:
                raise ValueError(
                    "The quantization method %s is deprecated "
                    "and will be removed in future versions of vLLM. To bypass, "
                    "set `--allow-deprecated-quantization`.",
                    self.quantization,
                )

    def _verify_cuda_graph(self) -> None:
        # CUDAGraph capture not supported for encoder-decoder models on ROCm
        unsupported_rocm = self.is_encoder_decoder
        if unsupported_rocm and not self.enforce_eager and current_platform.is_rocm():
            logger.warning(
                "CUDA graph is not supported for %s on ROCm yet, fallback "
                "to eager mode.",
                self.model_arch_config.model_type,
            )
            self.enforce_eager = True

    def _verify_bnb_config(self) -> None:
        """
        The current version of bitsandbytes (0.46.1) with 8-bit models does not
        yet support CUDA graph.
        # TODO Remove this when bitsandbytes supports.
        """
        is_bitsandbytes = self.quantization == "bitsandbytes"
        has_quantization_config = self.model_arch_config.quantization_config is not None
        is_8bit = (
            self.model_arch_config.quantization_config.get("load_in_8bit", False)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
            if has_quantization_config
            else False
        )
        if all(
            [
                is_bitsandbytes,
                has_quantization_config,
                is_8bit,
                not self.enforce_eager,
            ]
        ):
            logger.warning(
                "CUDA graph is not supported on BitsAndBytes 8bit yet, "
                "fallback to the eager mode."
            )

            self.enforce_eager = True

    def _verify_with_expert_parallelism(self) -> None:
        if not self.is_moe:
            raise ValueError(
                "Number of experts in the model must be greater than 0 "
                "when expert parallelism is enabled."
            )

    def _try_verify_and_update_model_config(self):
        # Avoid running try_verify_and_update_config multiple times
        if getattr(self, "config_updated", False):
            return

        architecture = self.architecture
        if architecture is None:
            return

        from vllm.model_executor.models.config import (
            MODELS_CONFIG_MAP,
        )

        cls = MODELS_CONFIG_MAP.get(architecture, None)
        if cls is not None:
            cls.verify_and_update_model_config(self)

    def verify_dual_chunk_attention_config(
        self,
        load_config: LoadConfig,
    ) -> None:
        if hasattr(self.hf_config, "dual_chunk_attention_config"):
            # Try loading the sparse attention config
            from vllm.model_executor.model_loader.weight_utils import (
                get_sparse_attention_config,
            )

            sparse_attn_config = get_sparse_attention_config(self, load_config)
            if sparse_attn_config:
                self.hf_config.dual_chunk_attention_config[
                    "sparse_attention_config"
                ] = sparse_attn_config
                if (
                    "sparse_attention_enabled"
                    not in self.hf_config.dual_chunk_attention_config
                ):
                    self.hf_config.dual_chunk_attention_config[
                        "sparse_attention_enabled"
                    ] = True

    def verify_with_parallel_config(
        self,
        parallel_config: ParallelConfig,
    ) -> None:
        total_num_attention_heads = self.model_arch_config.total_num_attention_heads
        tensor_parallel_size = parallel_config.tensor_parallel_size
        if total_num_attention_heads % tensor_parallel_size != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Total number of attention heads ({total_num_attention_heads})"
                " must be divisible by tensor parallel size "
                f"({tensor_parallel_size})."
            )

        if parallel_config.enable_expert_parallel:
            self._verify_with_expert_parallelism()

        pipeline_parallel_size = parallel_config.pipeline_parallel_size
        if pipeline_parallel_size > 1 and not self.registry.is_pp_supported_model(
            self.architectures, self
        ):
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "Pipeline parallelism is not supported for this model. "
                "Supported models implement the `SupportsPP` interface."
            )

        decode_context_parallel_size = parallel_config.decode_context_parallel_size
        if decode_context_parallel_size > 1 and not self.use_mla:
            total_num_kv_heads = self.get_total_num_kv_heads()
            assert tensor_parallel_size > total_num_kv_heads, (
                f"tensor parallel size {tensor_parallel_size} must be greater "
                f"than total num kv heads {total_num_kv_heads} when enable "
                f"decode context parallel for GQA/MQA"
            )

            max_dcp_size = tensor_parallel_size // total_num_kv_heads
            assert decode_context_parallel_size <= max_dcp_size, (
                f"decode context parallel size must less than or equal to "
                f"(tensor parallel size {tensor_parallel_size} // total "
                f"num kv heads {total_num_kv_heads}) = {max_dcp_size}, "
                f"but got {decode_context_parallel_size}"
            )

            num_q_per_kv = total_num_attention_heads // total_num_kv_heads
            assert num_q_per_kv % decode_context_parallel_size == 0, (
                f"Total number of q per kv attn heads ({num_q_per_kv})"
                " must be divisible by dcp world size when enable "
                "decode context parallel for GQA "
                f"({parallel_config.decode_context_parallel_size})."
            )

        # torch_shm uses a single IPC queue to rank 0; DP>1 is
        # incompatible because API servers can't know which
        # CoreEngine the scheduler will assign work to. TP>1 is
        # also not supported because this requires broadcasting
        # MM tensors between all TP ranks.
        if (
            self.multimodal_config is not None
            and self.multimodal_config.mm_tensor_ipc == "torch_shm"
            and parallel_config.world_size_across_dp > 1
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                "mm_tensor_ipc='torch_shm' is not supported with "
                "data_parallel_size > 1 or tensor_parallel_size > 1 "
                "or pipeline_parallel_size > 1."
            )

    def get_sliding_window(self) -> int | None:
        """Get the sliding window size from the HF text config if present."""
        return getattr(self.hf_text_config, "sliding_window", None)

    def get_vocab_size(self) -> int:
        return self.model_arch_config.vocab_size

    def get_hidden_size(self) -> int:
        return self.model_arch_config.hidden_size

    def get_inputs_embeds_size(self) -> int:
        # The size of inputs_embeds is usually identical to the size
        # of the hidden states, however there are exceptions, such as
        # embedding models like CLIP and SigLIP
        names = ("projection_dim", "projection_size")
        return getattr_iter(
            self.hf_text_config, names, default_factory=self.get_hidden_size
        )

    @property
    def is_deepseek_mla(self) -> bool:
        return self.model_arch_config.is_deepseek_mla

    @cached_property
    def is_mm_prefix_lm(self) -> bool:
        """Whether to use bidirectional attention for mm positions."""
        if hasattr(self.hf_config, "is_mm_prefix_lm"):
            return bool(self.hf_config.is_mm_prefix_lm)
        # fallback to list of known models
        MM_PREFIX_LM_MODELS = (
            "bagel",
            "gemma3",
            "molmo2",
            "paligemma",
            "umm",
        )
        if not hasattr(self.hf_config, "model_type"):
            return False
        return self.hf_config.model_type in MM_PREFIX_LM_MODELS

    def get_head_size(self) -> int:
        return self.model_arch_config.head_size

    def get_total_num_kv_heads(self) -> int:
        """Returns the total number of KV heads."""
        return self.model_arch_config.total_num_kv_heads

    def get_num_kv_heads(self, parallel_config: ParallelConfig) -> int:
        """Returns the number of KV heads per GPU."""
        if self.use_mla:
            # When using MLA during decode it becomes MQA
            return 1

        total_num_kv_heads = self.get_total_num_kv_heads()
        # If tensor parallelism is used, we divide the number of KV heads by
        # the tensor parallel size. We will replicate the KV heads in the
        # case where the number of KV heads is smaller than the tensor
        # parallel size so each GPU has at least one KV head.
        return max(1, total_num_kv_heads // parallel_config.tensor_parallel_size)

    def get_num_attention_heads(self, parallel_config: ParallelConfig) -> int:
        num_heads = self.model_arch_config.total_num_attention_heads
        return num_heads // parallel_config.tensor_parallel_size

    def get_num_experts(self) -> int:
        return self.model_arch_config.num_experts

    def get_total_num_hidden_layers(self) -> int:
        return self.model_arch_config.total_num_hidden_layers

    def get_layers_start_end_indices(
        self, parallel_config: ParallelConfig
    ) -> tuple[int, int]:
        from vllm.distributed.utils import get_pp_indices

        total_num_hidden_layers = self.get_total_num_hidden_layers()

        # the layout order is: DP x PP x TP
        pp_rank = (
            parallel_config.rank // parallel_config.tensor_parallel_size
        ) % parallel_config.pipeline_parallel_size
        pp_size = parallel_config.pipeline_parallel_size
        start, end = get_pp_indices(total_num_hidden_layers, pp_rank, pp_size)
        return start, end

    def get_num_layers(self, parallel_config: ParallelConfig) -> int:
        start, end = self.get_layers_start_end_indices(parallel_config)
        return end - start

    def get_num_layers_by_block_type(
        self,
        parallel_config: ParallelConfig,
        block_type: LayerBlockType = "attention",
    ) -> int:
        # This function relies on 'layers_block_type' in hf_config,
        # for w/o this attribute, we will need to have workarounds like so
        attn_block_type = block_type == "attention"
        is_transformer = (
            not self.is_hybrid and not self.has_noops and not self.is_attention_free
        )
        start, end = self.get_layers_start_end_indices(parallel_config)

        if is_transformer:
            # Handle the basic case first
            return end - start if attn_block_type else 0
        elif self.is_attention_free:
            # Attention free
            # Note that this code assumes there
            # is only one type of attention-free block type.
            return 0 if attn_block_type else end - start
        elif self.has_noops:
            block_configs = self.hf_config.block_configs
            return sum(not bc.attention.no_op for bc in block_configs[start:end])
        else:
            # Hybrid model Jamba
            layers_block_type_value = getattr(
                self.hf_text_config, "layers_block_type", None
            )
            if layers_block_type_value is not None:
                if self.model_arch_config.text_model_type == "zamba2":
                    if attn_block_type:
                        return sum(
                            t == "hybrid" for t in layers_block_type_value[start:end]
                        )
                    else:
                        return self.get_num_layers(parallel_config)
                return sum(t == block_type for t in layers_block_type_value[start:end])

            # Hybrid model Minimax
            attn_type_list = getattr(self.hf_config, "attn_type_list", None)
            if attn_type_list:
                return sum(t == 1 for t in attn_type_list[start:end])

            # Hybrid model Qwen3Next Qwen3.5 Series
            layer_types_value = getattr(self.hf_text_config, "layer_types", None)
            if layer_types_value is not None:
                if block_type == "attention":
                    return sum(
                        t == "full_attention" for t in layer_types_value[start:end]
                    )
                elif block_type == "linear_attention":
                    return sum(
                        t == "linear_attention" for t in layer_types_value[start:end]
                    )
                else:
                    return sum(t == block_type for t in layer_types_value[start:end])

            if (
                layers_block_type_value is None
                and attn_type_list is None
                and layer_types_value is None
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    "The model is an hybrid without a layers_block_type or an "
                    "attn_type_list, or a layer_types in the hf_config, "
                    f"cannot determine the num of {block_type} layers"
                )
            raise AssertionError(f"Unsupported block type: {block_type}")

    def get_mamba_chunk_size(self) -> int | None:
        """
        Returns the mamba chunk size if it exists
        """
        # used by e.g. Bamba, FalconH1, Granite, PLaMo2
        chunk_size = getattr(self.hf_text_config, "mamba_chunk_size", None)
        if chunk_size is None:
            # used by e.g. Mamba2, NemotronH, Zamba
            chunk_size = getattr(self.hf_text_config, "chunk_size", None)

        # Since Mamba1 does not have a chunk notion
        # we use a default chunk size of 1024.
        if chunk_size is None:
            chunk_size = 2048

        return chunk_size

    def get_multimodal_config(self) -> MultiModalConfig:
        """
        Get the multimodal configuration of the model.

        Raises:
            ValueError: If the model is not multimodal.
        """
        if self.multimodal_config is None:
            raise ValueError("The model is not multimodal.")

        return self.multimodal_config

    def try_get_generation_config(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """
        This method attempts to retrieve the non-default values of the
        generation config for this model.

        The generation config can contain information about special tokens, as
        well as sampling parameters. Which is why this method exists separately
        to `get_diff_sampling_param`.

        Returns:
            A dictionary containing the non-default generation config.
        """
        if self.generation_config in {"auto", "vllm"}:
            config = try_get_generation_config(
                self.hf_config_path or self.model,
                trust_remote_code=self.trust_remote_code,
                revision=self.revision,
                config_format=self.config_format,
                hf_token=self.hf_token,
            )
        else:
            config = try_get_generation_config(
                self.generation_config,
                trust_remote_code=self.trust_remote_code,
                config_format=self.config_format,
                hf_token=self.hf_token,
            )

        if config is None:
            return {}

        return config.to_diff_dict()

    def get_diff_sampling_param(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """
        This method returns a dictionary containing the non-default sampling
        parameters with `override_generation_config` applied.

        The default sampling parameters are:

        - vLLM's neutral defaults if `self.generation_config="vllm"`
        - the model's defaults if `self.generation_config="auto"`
        - as defined in `generation_config.json` if
            `self.generation_config="path/to/generation_config/dir"`

        Returns:
            A dictionary containing the non-default sampling parameters.
        """
        src = self.generation_config

        config = {} if src == "vllm" else self.try_get_generation_config()

        # Overriding with given generation config
        config.update(self.override_generation_config)

        available_params = [
            "repetition_penalty",
            "temperature",
            "top_k",
            "top_p",
            "min_p",
            "max_new_tokens",
        ]
        if any(p in config for p in available_params):
            diff_sampling_param = {
                p: config.get(p) for p in available_params if config.get(p) is not None
            }
            # Huggingface definition of max_new_tokens is equivalent
            # to vLLM's max_tokens
            if "max_new_tokens" in diff_sampling_param:
                diff_sampling_param["max_tokens"] = diff_sampling_param.pop(
                    "max_new_tokens"
                )
        else:
            diff_sampling_param = {}

        if diff_sampling_param and src != "vllm":
            logger.warning_once(
                "Default vLLM sampling parameters have been overridden by %s: `%s`. "
                "If this is not intended, please relaunch vLLM instance "
                "with `--generation-config vllm`.",
                "the model's `generation_config.json`" if src == "auto" else src,
                str(diff_sampling_param),
                scope="local",
            )

        return diff_sampling_param

    def get_pooling_task(
        self, supported_tasks: tuple[SupportedTask, ...]
    ) -> PoolingTask | None:
        if self.pooler_config is None:
            return None

        pooling_task = self.pooler_config.task

        if pooling_task is not None:
            if self.pooler_config.task in supported_tasks:
                return self.pooler_config.task
            else:
                raise RuntimeError(
                    f"Unsupported task: {pooling_task!r} "
                    f"Supported tasks: {supported_tasks}"
                )

        if "token_classify" in supported_tasks:
            for architecture in self.architectures:
                if "ForTokenClassification" in architecture:
                    return "token_classify"

        priority: list[PoolingTask] = [
            "embed&token_classify",
            "embed",
            "classify",
            "token_embed",
            "token_classify",
            "plugin",
        ]
        for task in priority:
            if task in supported_tasks:
                return task
        return None

    @cached_property
    def is_encoder_decoder(self) -> bool:
        """Extract the HF encoder/decoder model flag."""
        return is_encoder_decoder(self.hf_config)

    @property
    def uses_alibi(self) -> bool:
        cfg = self.hf_text_config

        return (
            getattr(cfg, "alibi", False)  # Falcon
            or "BloomForCausalLM" in self.architectures  # Bloom
            or getattr(cfg, "position_encoding_type", "") == "alibi"  # codellm_1b_alibi
            or (
                hasattr(cfg, "attn_config")  # MPT
                and (
                    (
                        isinstance(cfg.attn_config, dict)
                        and cfg.attn_config.get("alibi", False)
                    )
                    or (
                        not isinstance(cfg.attn_config, dict)
                        and getattr(cfg.attn_config, "alibi", False)
                    )
                )
            )
        )

    @property
    def uses_mrope(self) -> bool:
        return uses_mrope(self.hf_config)

    @property
    def uses_xdrope_dim(self) -> int:
        return uses_xdrope_dim(self.hf_config)

    @property
    def is_multimodal_model(self) -> bool:
        return self.multimodal_config is not None

    @property
    def is_multimodal_raw_input_only_model(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.supports_multimodal_raw_input_only

    @property
    def requires_raw_input_tokens(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.requires_raw_input_tokens

    @property
    def score_type(self) -> ScoreType:
        """
        Scoring API handles score/rerank for:

        - "classify" task (score_type: cross-encoder models)
        - "embed" task (score_type: bi-encoder models)
        - "token_embed" task (score_type: late interaction models)
        """
        # fixme: self._model_info.score_type is the score type before
        #  as_seq_cls_model, which is "bi-encoder", rather than the
        #  score type after as_seq_cls_model, which is "cross-encoder".
        #  Therefore, the following logic is required.
        return (
            "cross-encoder"
            if self.convert_type == "classify"
            else self._model_info.score_type
        )

    @property
    def is_pp_supported(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.supports_pp

    @property
    def is_attention_free(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.is_attention_free

    @property
    def is_hybrid(self) -> bool:
        if not self._model_info.is_hybrid:
            return False
        # Handle granite-4.0-micro case which uses hybrid config but does not
        # actually contain any non-attention layers.
        layer_types = getattr(self.hf_config, "layer_types", None)
        return layer_types is None or not all(
            layer == "attention" for layer in layer_types
        )

    @property
    def has_noops(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.has_noops

    @property
    def has_inner_state(self):
        return self._model_info.has_inner_state

    @property
    def supports_mamba_prefix_caching(self) -> bool:
        return self._model_info.supports_mamba_prefix_caching

    @property
    def use_mla(self) -> bool:
        return self.is_deepseek_mla and not envs.VLLM_MLA_DISABLE

    @property
    def is_matryoshka(self) -> bool:
        return bool(getattr(self.hf_config, "matryoshka_dimensions", None)) or getattr(
            self.hf_config, "is_matryoshka", False
        )

    @property
    def matryoshka_dimensions(self):
        return getattr(self.hf_config, "matryoshka_dimensions", None)

    @property
    def use_sep_token(self) -> bool:
        # cross_encoder models defaults to using separating token.
        # `llm as reranker` defaults to not using separating token.

        use_pad_token = getattr(self.hf_config, "use_pad_token", None)
        if use_pad_token is not None:
            logger.warning_once(
                "use_pad_token has been deprecated; please use use_sep_token instead."
            )
            return use_pad_token

        return getattr(self.hf_config, "use_sep_token", True)

    @property
    def head_dtype(self) -> torch.dtype:
        """
        "head" refers to the last Linear layer(s) of an LLM,
        such as the lm_head in a generation model,
        or the score or classifier in a classification model.

        `head_dtype` currently only supports pooling models.

        - The pooling model defaults to using fp32 head, you can use
          --hf-overrides '{"head_dtype": "model"}' to disable it.
        """

        head_dtype = _get_head_dtype(
            config=self.hf_config, dtype=self.dtype, runner_type=self.runner_type
        )

        if self.runner_type != "pooling" and head_dtype != self.dtype:
            logger.warning_once(
                "`head_dtype` currently only supports pooling models, "
                "fallback to model dtype [%s].",
                self.dtype,
            )
            return self.dtype

        if head_dtype not in current_platform.supported_dtypes:
            logger.warning_once(
                "The current platform does not support [%s] head dtype, "
                "fallback to model dtype [%s].",
                head_dtype,
                self.dtype,
            )
            return self.dtype

        logger.debug_once("head dtype: %s", head_dtype)
        return head_dtype

    @property
    def embedding_size(self):
        # Check for embedding_size set by model config (e.g., Voyage models)
        override = getattr(self.hf_config, "embedding_size", None)
        if override is not None:
            return override
        dense_modules = try_get_dense_modules(self.model, revision=self.revision)
        if dense_modules is not None:
            return dense_modules[-1]["out_features"]
        return self.get_hidden_size()

    def get_and_verify_max_len(self, max_model_len: int):
        # Consider max_model_len in tokenizer_config only when
        # pooling models use absolute position_embedding.
        tokenizer_config = None
        if (
            self.runner_type == "pooling"
            and getattr(self.hf_config, "position_embedding_type", "") == "absolute"
        ):
            tokenizer_config = try_get_tokenizer_config(
                self.tokenizer,
                trust_remote_code=self.trust_remote_code,
                revision=self.tokenizer_revision,
            )
        max_model_len = _get_and_verify_max_len(
            hf_config=self.hf_text_config,
            model_arch_config=self.model_arch_config,
            tokenizer_config=tokenizer_config,
            max_model_len=max_model_len,
            disable_sliding_window=self.disable_sliding_window,
            sliding_window=self.get_sliding_window(),
            spec_target_max_model_len=self.spec_target_max_model_len,
            encoder_config=self.encoder_config,
        )
        logger.info("Using max model len %s", max_model_len)
        return max_model_len

    @property
    def attn_type(self) -> AttnTypeStr:
        """Determine the attention type based on model configuration."""
        if self.pooler_config is not None:
            seq_pooling_type = self._model_info.default_seq_pooling_type
            if seq_pooling_type == "CLS":
                return "encoder_only"
            else:
                is_causal = getattr(self.hf_config, "is_causal", True)
                return "encoder_only" if not is_causal else self._model_info.attn_type
        elif self.is_hybrid:
            return "hybrid"
        elif self.is_attention_free:
            return "attention_free"
        elif self.is_encoder_decoder:
            return "encoder_decoder"
        else:
            return "decoder"

    @property
    def is_chunked_prefill_supported(self) -> bool:
        attn_type = self.attn_type

        if pooler_config := self.pooler_config:
            # for pooling models
            if attn_type == "encoder_only":
                logger.debug(
                    "Pooling models with bidirectional attn "
                    "do not support chunked prefill."
                )
                return False

            if attn_type == "decoder":
                if (
                    pooler_config.seq_pooling_type in ("MEAN", "CLS")
                    or pooler_config.tok_pooling_type == "STEP"
                ):
                    logger.debug(
                        "Pooling models with causal attn and %s/%s pooling "
                        "do not support chunked prefill.",
                        pooler_config.seq_pooling_type,
                        pooler_config.tok_pooling_type,
                    )
                    return False
                else:
                    logger.debug(
                        "Pooling models with causal attn and %s/%s pooling "
                        "support chunked prefill.",
                        pooler_config.seq_pooling_type,
                        pooler_config.tok_pooling_type,
                    )
                    return True

            # vllm currently does not have pooling models using hybrid,
            # attention_free or encoder_decoder attn types.
            return attn_type != "encoder_decoder"
        else:
            # for generative models
            if attn_type == "encoder_decoder":
                logger.debug("Encoder decoder models do not support chunked prefill.")
                return False

            logger.debug("Generative models support chunked prefill.")
            return True

    @property
    def is_prefix_caching_supported(self) -> bool:
        attn_type = self.attn_type

        if pooler_config := self.pooler_config:
            # for pooling models
            if attn_type == "encoder_only":
                logger.debug(
                    "Pooling models with bidirectional attn "
                    "do not support prefix caching."
                )
                return False

            if attn_type == "decoder":
                if (
                    pooler_config.seq_pooling_type in ("MEAN", "CLS")
                    or pooler_config.tok_pooling_type == "STEP"
                ):
                    logger.debug(
                        "Pooling models with causal attn and %s/%s pooling "
                        "do not support prefix caching.",
                        pooler_config.seq_pooling_type,
                        pooler_config.tok_pooling_type,
                    )
                    return False
                else:
                    logger.debug(
                        "Pooling models with causal attn and %s/%s pooling "
                        "support prefix caching.",
                        pooler_config.seq_pooling_type,
                        pooler_config.tok_pooling_type,
                    )
                    return True

            # vllm currently does not have pooling models using hybrid,
            # attention_free or encoder_decoder attn types.
            return False
        else:
            # for generative models
            if attn_type == "hybrid":
                logger.debug(
                    "Hybrid models do not support prefix caching since the feature "
                    "is still experimental."
                )
                return False
            elif attn_type == "attention_free":
                logger.debug(
                    "Attention free models do not support prefix caching since the "
                    "feature is still experimental."
                )
                return False
            elif attn_type == "encoder_decoder":
                logger.debug("Encoder decoder models do not support prefix caching.")
                return False
            else:  # attn_type == "decoder"
                logger.debug("Generative models support prefix caching.")
                return True

    @property
    def is_moe(self) -> bool:
        return self.get_num_experts() > 0

    @property
    def is_quantized(self) -> bool:
        return getattr(self.hf_config, "quantization_config", None) is not None

    def is_nvfp4_quantized(self) -> bool:
        # ModelOpt NVFP4 checkpoints resolve to modelopt_fp4 quantization method
        if self.quantization in ("modelopt_fp4",):
            return True

        # For Compressed Tensors we look for `"format": "nvfp4-pack-quantized"`
        # in the quantization config
        quant_config = self.model_arch_config.quantization_config
        return (
            self.quantization == "compressed-tensors"
            and quant_config is not None
            and "nvfp4" in quant_config.get("format", "").lower()
        )


def get_served_model_name(model: str, served_model_name: str | list[str] | None):
    """
    If the input is a non-empty list, the first model_name in
    `served_model_name` is taken.
    If the input is a non-empty string, it is used directly.
    For cases where the input is either an empty string or an
    empty list, the fallback is to use `self.model`.
    """
    if not served_model_name:
        return model
    if isinstance(served_model_name, list):
        return served_model_name[0]
    return served_model_name


# Some model suffixes are based on auto classes from Transformers:
# https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/auto
# NOTE: Items higher on this list priority over lower ones
_SUFFIX_TO_DEFAULTS: list[tuple[str, tuple[RunnerType, ConvertType]]] = [
    ("ForCausalLM", ("generate", "none")),
    ("ForConditionalGeneration", ("generate", "none")),
    ("ChatModel", ("generate", "none")),
    ("LMHeadModel", ("generate", "none")),
    ("ForTextEncoding", ("pooling", "embed")),
    ("EmbeddingModel", ("pooling", "embed")),
    ("ForSequenceClassification", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ForTokenClassification", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ForAudioClassification", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ForImageClassification", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ForVideoClassification", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ClassificationModel", ("pooling", "classify")),
    ("ForRewardModeling", ("pooling", "embed")),
    ("RewardModel", ("pooling", "embed")),
    # Let other `*Model`s take priority
    ("Model", ("pooling", "embed")),
]


def iter_architecture_defaults():
    yield from _SUFFIX_TO_DEFAULTS


def try_match_architecture_defaults(
    architecture: str,
    *,
    runner_type: RunnerType | None = None,
    convert_type: ConvertType | None = None,
) -> tuple[str, tuple[RunnerType, ConvertType]] | None:
    for suffix, (
        default_runner_type,
        default_convert_type,
    ) in iter_architecture_defaults():
        if (
            (runner_type is None or runner_type == default_runner_type)
            and (convert_type is None or convert_type == default_convert_type)
            and architecture.endswith(suffix)
        ):
            return suffix, (default_runner_type, default_convert_type)

    return None


_STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE = {
    "half": torch.float16,
    "float16": torch.float16,
    "float": torch.float32,
    "float32": torch.float32,
    "bfloat16": torch.bfloat16,
}


def str_dtype_to_torch_dtype(type: str):
    return _STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE.get(type)


# model_type -> reason
_FLOAT16_NOT_SUPPORTED_MODELS = {
    "gemma2": "Numerical instability. Please use bfloat16 or float32 instead.",
    "gemma3": "Numerical instability. Please use bfloat16 or float32 instead.",
    "gemma3_text": "Numerical instability. Please use bfloat16 or float32 instead.",
    "plamo2": "Numerical instability. Please use bfloat16 or float32 instead.",
    "glm4": "Numerical instability. Please use bfloat16 or float32 instead.",
}


def _is_valid_dtype(model_type: str, dtype: torch.dtype):
    if model_type in _FLOAT16_NOT_SUPPORTED_MODELS and dtype == torch.float16:  # noqa: E501, SIM103
        return False

    return True


def _check_valid_dtype(model_type: str, dtype: torch.dtype):
    if model_type in _FLOAT16_NOT_SUPPORTED_MODELS and dtype == torch.float16:
        reason = _FLOAT16_NOT_SUPPORTED_MODELS[model_type]
        raise ValueError(
            f"The model type {model_type!r} does not support float16. Reason: {reason}"
        )

    return True


def _resolve_auto_dtype(
    model_type: str,
    config_dtype: torch.dtype,
    *,
    is_pooling_model: bool,
):
    supported_dtypes = [
        dtype
        for dtype in current_platform.supported_dtypes
        if _is_valid_dtype(model_type, dtype)
    ]

    if is_pooling_model and torch.float16 in supported_dtypes:
        preferred_dtype = torch.float16
    else:
        preferred_dtype = supported_dtypes[0]

    # Downcast for float32 models
    if config_dtype == torch.float32:
        config_dtype = preferred_dtype

    if config_dtype in supported_dtypes:
        return config_dtype

    # Ensure device compatibility
    device_name = current_platform.get_device_name()
    device_capability = current_platform.get_device_capability()

    if device_capability is None:
        device_str = f"{device_name!r}"
    else:
        version_str = device_capability.as_version_str()
        device_str = f"{device_name!r} (with compute capability {version_str})"

    logger.warning(
        "Your device %s doesn't support %s. Falling back to %s for compatibility.",
        device_str,
        config_dtype,
        preferred_dtype,
    )

    return preferred_dtype


def _get_and_verify_dtype(
    model_id: str,
    config: PretrainedConfig,
    dtype: str | torch.dtype,
    *,
    is_pooling_model: bool,
    revision: str | None = None,
    config_format: str | ConfigFormat = "hf",
) -> torch.dtype:
    config_dtype = ModelArchConfigConvertorBase.get_torch_dtype(
        config, model_id, revision=revision, config_format=config_format
    )
    model_type = config.model_type

    if isinstance(dtype, str):
        dtype = dtype.lower()
        if dtype == "auto":
            # Set default dtype from model config
            torch_dtype = _resolve_auto_dtype(
                model_type,
                config_dtype,
                is_pooling_model=is_pooling_model,
            )
        else:
            if dtype not in _STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE:
                raise ValueError(f"Unknown dtype: {dtype!r}")
            torch_dtype = _STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE[dtype]
    elif isinstance(dtype, torch.dtype):
        torch_dtype = dtype
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unknown dtype: {dtype}")

    _check_valid_dtype(model_type, torch_dtype)

    if torch_dtype != config_dtype:
        if torch_dtype == torch.float32:
            # Upcasting to float32 is allowed.
            logger.info("Upcasting %s to %s.", config_dtype, torch_dtype)
        elif config_dtype == torch.float32:
            # Downcasting from float32 to float16 or bfloat16 is allowed.
            logger.info("Downcasting %s to %s.", config_dtype, torch_dtype)
        else:
            # Casting between float16 and bfloat16 is allowed with a warning.
            logger.warning("Casting %s to %s.", config_dtype, torch_dtype)

    return torch_dtype


def _get_head_dtype(
    config: PretrainedConfig, dtype: torch.dtype, runner_type: str
) -> torch.dtype:
    head_dtype: str | torch.dtype | None = getattr(config, "head_dtype", None)

    if head_dtype == "model":
        return dtype
    elif isinstance(head_dtype, str):
        head_dtype = head_dtype.lower()
        if head_dtype not in _STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown dtype: {head_dtype!r}")
        return _STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE[head_dtype]
    elif isinstance(head_dtype, torch.dtype):
        return head_dtype
    elif head_dtype is None:
        if torch.float32 not in current_platform.supported_dtypes:
            return dtype
        if runner_type == "pooling":
            return torch.float32
        return dtype
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unknown dtype: {head_dtype}")


def _get_and_verify_max_len(
    hf_config: PretrainedConfig,
    model_arch_config: ModelArchitectureConfig,
    tokenizer_config: dict | None,
    max_model_len: int | None,
    disable_sliding_window: bool,
    sliding_window: int | None,
    spec_target_max_model_len: int | None = None,
    encoder_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
) -> int:
    """Get and verify the model's maximum length."""
    (derived_max_model_len, max_len_key) = (
        model_arch_config.derived_max_model_len_and_key
    )

    # If sliding window is manually disabled, max_length should be less
    # than the sliding window length in the model config.
    if (
        disable_sliding_window
        and sliding_window is not None
        and sliding_window < derived_max_model_len
    ):
        max_len_key = "sliding_window"
        derived_max_model_len = sliding_window

    # Consider model_max_length in tokenizer_config
    if tokenizer_config:
        tokenizer_model_max_length = tokenizer_config.get(
            "model_max_length", derived_max_model_len
        )
        derived_max_model_len = min(derived_max_model_len, tokenizer_model_max_length)

    # If none of the keys were found in the config, use a default and
    # log a warning.
    if derived_max_model_len == float("inf"):
        if max_model_len is not None:
            # If max_model_len is specified, we use it.
            return max_model_len

        if spec_target_max_model_len is not None:
            # If this is a speculative draft model, we use the max model len
            # from the target model.
            return spec_target_max_model_len

        default_max_len = 2048
        logger.warning(
            "The model's config.json does not contain any of the keys "
            "to determine the original maximum length of the model. "
            "Assuming the model's maximum length is %d.",
            default_max_len,
        )
        derived_max_model_len = default_max_len

    # In Transformers v5 rope_parameters could be TypedDict or dict[str, TypedDict].
    # To simplify the verification, we convert it to dict[str, TypedDict].
    rope_parameters = getattr(hf_config, "rope_parameters", None)
    if rope_parameters and not is_rope_parameters_nested(rope_parameters):
        rope_parameters = {"": rope_parameters}

    # NOTE(woosuk): Gemma3's max_model_len (128K) is already scaled by RoPE
    # scaling, so we skip applying the scaling factor again.
    if rope_parameters is not None and "gemma3" not in hf_config.model_type:
        scaling_factor = 1.0
        for rp in rope_parameters.values():
            # No need to consider "type" key because of patch_rope_parameters when
            # loading HF config
            rope_type = rp["rope_type"]

            if rope_type not in ("su", "longrope", "llama3"):
                # NOTE: rope_type == "default" does not define factor https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v4.45.2/src/transformers/modeling_rope_utils.py
                # NOTE: This assumes all layer types have the same scaling factor.
                scaling_factor = rp.get("factor", scaling_factor)

                if rope_type == "yarn":
                    derived_max_model_len = rp["original_max_position_embeddings"]
        if scaling_factor is None:
            # Fallback the factor to 1.0 if a user assigned `null`
            logger.warning_once(
                "The model's RoPE configuration has a null scaling "
                "factor which is unexpected. This likely indicates a bug "
                "in the model's HuggingFace config.json. Please notify the "
                "model vendor. Falling back the value to 1.0. "
            )
            scaling_factor = 1.0
        # Do this outside loop since all layer types should have the same scaling
        derived_max_model_len *= scaling_factor

    if encoder_config and "max_seq_length" in encoder_config:
        derived_max_model_len = encoder_config["max_seq_length"]

    # If the user didn't specify `max_model_len` or specified -1 (auto-fit),
    # then use that derived from the model config as a default value.
    # When -1 is specified, the engine will later auto-fit to available memory.
    if max_model_len is None or max_model_len == -1:
        # For LongRoPE, default to original_max_position_embeddings to avoid
        # performance degradation for shorter sequences
        if rope_parameters is not None and any(
            rp["rope_type"] == "longrope" for rp in rope_parameters.values()
        ):
            max_model_len = int(
                getattr(
                    hf_config, "original_max_position_embeddings", derived_max_model_len
                )
            )
        else:
            max_model_len = int(derived_max_model_len)
        max_model_len = current_platform.check_max_model_len(max_model_len)

    # If the user specified a max length, make sure it is smaller than the
    # derived length from the HF model config.
    elif max_model_len > derived_max_model_len:
        # Some models might have a separate key for specifying model_max_length
        # that will be bigger than derived_max_model_len. We compare user input
        # with model_max_length and allow this override when it's smaller.
        model_max_length = getattr(hf_config, "model_max_length", None)
        if model_max_length is None or max_model_len > model_max_length:
            msg = (
                f"User-specified max_model_len ({max_model_len}) is greater "
                f"than the derived max_model_len ({max_len_key}="
                f"{derived_max_model_len} or model_max_length="
                f"{model_max_length} in model's config.json)."
            )
            warning = (
                "VLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN must be used with extreme "
                "caution. If the model uses relative position encoding (RoPE), "
                "positions exceeding derived_max_model_len lead to nan. If the "
                "model uses absolute position encoding, positions exceeding "
                "derived_max_model_len will cause a CUDA array out-of-bounds "
                "error."
            )
            if envs.VLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN:
                logger.warning_once("%s %s", msg, warning)
            else:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"{msg} To allow overriding this maximum, set "
                    f"the env var VLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN=1. {warning}"
                )
    return int(max_model_len)