layernorm.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
"""Custom normalization layers."""

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

import vllm.envs as envs
from vllm.model_executor.custom_op import CustomOp
from vllm.model_executor.layers.batch_invariant import (
    rms_norm_batch_invariant,
    vllm_is_batch_invariant,
)
from vllm.platforms import current_platform
from vllm.utils import direct_register_custom_op


def is_rocm_aiter_rmsnorm_enabled() -> bool:
    return envs.VLLM_ROCM_USE_AITER_RMSNORM and envs.VLLM_ROCM_USE_AITER


def rms_norm(
    x: torch.Tensor, weight: torch.Tensor, variance_epsilon: float
) -> torch.Tensor:
    from vllm import _custom_ops as ops

    if vllm_is_batch_invariant():
        return rms_norm_batch_invariant(x, weight, variance_epsilon)
    out = torch.empty_like(x)
    ops.rms_norm(
        out,
        x,
        weight,
        variance_epsilon,
    )
    return out


def fused_add_rms_norm(
    x: torch.Tensor,
    residual: torch.Tensor,
    weight: torch.Tensor,
    variance_epsilon: float,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    from vllm import _custom_ops as ops

    if vllm_is_batch_invariant():
        return rms_norm_batch_invariant(
            x + residual, weight, variance_epsilon
        ), x + residual
    ops.fused_add_rms_norm(
        x,
        residual,
        weight,
        variance_epsilon,
    )
    return x, residual


def poly_norm(
    x: torch.Tensor, weight: torch.Tensor, bias: torch.Tensor, variance_epsilon: float
) -> torch.Tensor:
    from vllm import _custom_ops as ops

    out = torch.empty_like(x)
    ops.poly_norm(
        out,
        x,
        weight,
        bias,
        variance_epsilon,
    )
    return out


def rocm_aiter_rms_norm_impl(
    x: torch.Tensor, weight: torch.Tensor, variance_epsilon: float
) -> torch.Tensor:
    import aiter as rocm_aiter

    if x.dim() > 2:
        x_original_shape = x.shape
        x = x.reshape(-1, x_original_shape[-1])
        x = rocm_aiter.rms_norm(x, weight, variance_epsilon)
        return x.reshape(x_original_shape)

    return rocm_aiter.rms_norm(x, weight, variance_epsilon)


def rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add_impl(
    x: torch.Tensor,
    residual: torch.Tensor,
    weight: torch.Tensor,
    variance_epsilon: float,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    import aiter as rocm_aiter

    residual_out = torch.empty_like(residual)
    output = torch.empty_like(x)
    rocm_aiter.rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add(
        output,  # output
        x,  # input
        residual,  # residual input
        residual_out,  # residual output
        weight,
        variance_epsilon,
    )
    return output, residual_out


def rocm_aiter_rms_norm_fake(
    x: torch.Tensor, weight: torch.Tensor, variance_epsilon: float
) -> torch.Tensor:
    return torch.empty_like(x)


def rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add_fake(
    x: torch.Tensor,
    residual: torch.Tensor,
    weight: torch.Tensor,
    variance_epsilon: float,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    return torch.empty_like(x), torch.empty_like(residual)


if current_platform.is_rocm():
    direct_register_custom_op(
        op_name="rocm_aiter_rms_norm",
        op_func=rocm_aiter_rms_norm_impl,
        fake_impl=rocm_aiter_rms_norm_fake,
    )

    direct_register_custom_op(
        op_name="rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add",
        op_func=rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add_impl,
        fake_impl=rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add_fake,
    )


def dispatch_rocm_rmsnorm_func(with_fused_add: bool, dtype: torch.dtype):
    use_aiter = is_rocm_aiter_rmsnorm_enabled() and dtype in [
        torch.float16,
        torch.bfloat16,
    ]

    if use_aiter and with_fused_add:
        return torch.ops.vllm.rocm_aiter_rmsnorm2d_fwd_with_add
    if use_aiter:
        return torch.ops.vllm.rocm_aiter_rms_norm

    # fall back to CUDA implementation
    if with_fused_add:
        return fused_add_rms_norm
    return rms_norm


@CustomOp.register("rms_norm")
class RMSNorm(CustomOp):
    """Root mean square normalization.

    Computes x -> w * x / sqrt(E[x^2] + eps) where w is the learned weight.
    Refer to https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.07467
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        hidden_size: int,
        eps: float = 1e-6,
        var_hidden_size: int | None = None,
        has_weight: bool = True,
        dtype: torch.dtype | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.variance_epsilon = eps
        self.variance_size_override = (
            None if var_hidden_size == hidden_size else var_hidden_size
        )
        weight_dtype = dtype or torch.get_default_dtype()
        self.has_weight = has_weight
        self.weight = torch.ones(hidden_size, dtype=weight_dtype)
        if self.has_weight:
            self.weight = nn.Parameter(self.weight)

        if current_platform.is_rocm():
            self.rocm_norm_func = dispatch_rocm_rmsnorm_func(
                with_fused_add=False, dtype=weight_dtype
            )
            self.rocm_norm_func_with_add = dispatch_rocm_rmsnorm_func(
                with_fused_add=True, dtype=weight_dtype
            )

    @staticmethod
    def forward_static(
        x: torch.Tensor,
        variance_epsilon: float,
        hidden_size: int,
        orig_dtype: torch.dtype,
        weight: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        variance_size_override: int | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """PyTorch-native implementation equivalent to forward()."""
        x = x.to(torch.float32)
        if residual is not None:
            # residual promoted f16->f32 automatically,
            # otherwise Inductor eliminates the casts to and from f16,
            # increasing memory usage (and complicating pattern matching)
            x = x + residual
            residual = x.to(orig_dtype)

        if x.shape[-1] != hidden_size:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Expected hidden_size to be {hidden_size}, but found: {x.shape[-1]}"
            )

        if variance_size_override is None:
            x_var = x
        else:
            if hidden_size < variance_size_override:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Expected hidden_size to be at least "
                    f"{variance_size_override}, but found: {hidden_size}"
                )

            x_var = x[:, :, :variance_size_override]

        variance = x_var.pow(2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True)

        x = x * torch.rsqrt(variance + variance_epsilon)
        x = x.to(orig_dtype)
        if weight is not None:
            x = x * weight
        if residual is None:
            return x
        else:
            return x, residual

    def forward_native(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """PyTorch-native implementation equivalent to forward()."""

        return self.forward_static(
            x,
            self.variance_epsilon,
            self.hidden_size,
            x.dtype,
            self.weight.data if self.has_weight else None,
            residual,
            self.variance_size_override,
        )

    def forward_cuda(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        if self.variance_size_override is not None:
            return self.forward_native(x, residual)

        add_residual = residual is not None
        if add_residual:
            return fused_add_rms_norm(
                x, residual, self.weight.data, self.variance_epsilon
            )
        else:
            return rms_norm(x, self.weight.data, self.variance_epsilon)

    def forward_hip(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        if self.variance_size_override is not None:
            return self.forward_native(x, residual)

        add_residual = residual is not None
        if add_residual:
            return self.rocm_norm_func_with_add(
                x, residual, self.weight.data, self.variance_epsilon
            )
        else:
            return self.rocm_norm_func(x, self.weight.data, self.variance_epsilon)

    def forward_xpu(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        if self.variance_size_override is not None:
            return self.forward_native(x, residual)

        from vllm._ipex_ops import ipex_ops as ops

        if residual is not None:
            ops.fused_add_rms_norm(
                x,
                residual,
                self.weight.data,
                self.variance_epsilon,
            )
            return x, residual
        return ops.rms_norm(
            x,
            self.weight.data,
            self.variance_epsilon,
        )

    def extra_repr(self) -> str:
        s = f"hidden_size={self.weight.data.size(0)}"
        s += f", eps={self.variance_epsilon}"
        return s


@CustomOp.register("gemma_rms_norm")
class GemmaRMSNorm(CustomOp):
    """RMS normalization for Gemma.

    Two differences from the above RMSNorm:
        1. x * (1 + w) instead of x * w.
        2. (x * w).to(orig_dtype) instead of x.to(orig_dtype) * w.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        hidden_size: int,
        eps: float = 1e-6,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(hidden_size))
        self.variance_epsilon = eps

    @staticmethod
    def forward_static(
        weight: torch.Tensor,
        variance_epsilon: float,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """PyTorch-native implementation equivalent to forward()."""
        orig_dtype = x.dtype
        if residual is not None:
            x = (
                x.float() + residual.float()
                if orig_dtype == torch.float16
                else x + residual
            )
            residual = x

        x = x.float()
        variance = x.pow(2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
        x = x * torch.rsqrt(variance + variance_epsilon)
        # Llama does x.to(float16) * w whilst Gemma is (x * w).to(float16)
        # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/29402
        x = x * (1.0 + weight.float())
        x = x.to(orig_dtype)
        return x if residual is None else (x, residual)

    def forward_native(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """PyTorch-native implementation equivalent to forward()."""
        return self.forward_static(self.weight.data, self.variance_epsilon, x, residual)

    def forward_cuda(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        if torch.compiler.is_compiling():
            return self.forward_native(x, residual)

        if not getattr(self, "_is_compiled", False):
            self.forward_static = torch.compile(  # type: ignore
                self.forward_static
            )
            self._is_compiled = True
        return self.forward_native(x, residual)


@CustomOp.register("poly_norm")
class PolyNorm(CustomOp):
    """Polynomial normalization.

    Computes x -> w_0 * RMSNorm(x^3) + w_1 * RMSNorm(x^2) + w_2 * RMSNorm(x) + b
    where w_n is the learned weight and b is the bias.
    Refer to https://arxiv.org/html/2411.03884v1
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        eps: float = 1e-6,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.ones(3) / 3)
        self.bias = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))
        self.variance_epsilon = eps

    def _norm(self, x):
        return x / torch.sqrt(x.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True) + self.variance_epsilon)

    def forward_native(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """PyTorch-native implementation equivalent to forward().

        Refer to https://github.com/BryceZhuo/PolyCom?tab=readme-ov-file/README.md
        """

        orig_dtype = x.dtype
        x_float = x.to(torch.float32)
        output = (
            self.weight[0] * self._norm(x_float**3)
            + self.weight[1] * self._norm(x_float**2)
            + self.weight[2] * self._norm(x_float)
            + self.bias
        )
        return output.to(orig_dtype)

    def forward_cuda(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        return poly_norm(x, self.weight, self.bias, self.variance_epsilon)


class LayerNorm(nn.Module):
    """
    Layer Normalization.
    """

    def __init__(self, dim: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.dim = dim
        self.eps = eps
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(dim, dtype=torch.float32))
        self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(dim, dtype=torch.float32))

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor):
        return F.layer_norm(
            x.float(), (self.dim,), self.weight, self.bias, self.eps
        ).type_as(x)