internvl.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project

# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-4B/blob/main/modeling_internvl_chat.py
# --------------------------------------------------------
# InternVL
# Copyright (c) 2023 OpenGVLab
# Licensed under The MIT License [see LICENSE for details]
# --------------------------------------------------------
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
from typing import Annotated, Any, Literal, TypeAlias, TypeVar

import numpy.typing as npt
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision.transforms as T
from PIL import Image
from transformers import BatchFeature, PretrainedConfig, TensorType

from vllm.config import VllmConfig
from vllm.config.multimodal import BaseDummyOptions
from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization import QuantizationConfig
from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization.awq import AWQConfig
from vllm.model_executor.models.intern_vit import (
    InternVisionModel,
    InternVisionPatchModel,
)
from vllm.model_executor.models.module_mapping import MultiModelKeys
from vllm.multimodal import MULTIMODAL_REGISTRY
from vllm.multimodal.image import convert_image_mode
from vllm.multimodal.inputs import (
    MultiModalDataDict,
    MultiModalFieldConfig,
    MultiModalKwargsItems,
)
from vllm.multimodal.parse import (
    ImageEmbeddingItems,
    ImageProcessorItems,
    ImageSize,
    MultiModalDataItems,
)
from vllm.multimodal.processing import (
    BaseDummyInputsBuilder,
    BaseMultiModalProcessor,
    BaseProcessingInfo,
    PromptReplacement,
    PromptUpdate,
    PromptUpdateDetails,
)
from vllm.sequence import IntermediateTensors
from vllm.tokenizers import TokenizerLike
from vllm.utils.tensor_schema import TensorSchema, TensorShape

from .interfaces import (
    MultiModalEmbeddings,
    SupportsLoRA,
    SupportsMultiModal,
    SupportsPP,
)
from .utils import AutoWeightsLoader, init_vllm_registered_model, maybe_prefix

IMG_START = "<img>"
IMG_END = "</img>"
IMG_CONTEXT = "<IMG_CONTEXT>"

IMAGENET_MEAN = (0.485, 0.456, 0.406)
IMAGENET_STD = (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)


class InternVLImagePixelInputs(TensorSchema):
    """
    Dimensions:
        - bn: Batch size * number of images
        - bnp: Batch size * number of images * (1 + num_patches)
        - c: Number of channels (3)
        - h: Height of each image patch
        - w: Width of each image patch
    """

    type: Literal["pixel_values"]
    pixel_values_flat: Annotated[torch.Tensor, TensorShape("bnp", 3, "h", "w")]
    num_patches: Annotated[torch.Tensor, TensorShape("bn")]


class InternVLImageEmbeddingInputs(TensorSchema):
    """
    Dimensions:
        - n: Number of images
        - f: Total image feature size
        - h: Hidden size (must match the hidden size of language model backbone)
    """

    type: Literal["image_embeds"]
    data: Annotated[torch.Tensor | list[torch.Tensor], TensorShape("n", "f", "h")]


InternVLImageInputs: TypeAlias = InternVLImagePixelInputs | InternVLImageEmbeddingInputs


class InternVLVideoPixelInputs(TensorSchema):
    """
    Dimensions:
        - bvf: Batch size * number of videos * num_frames
        - bn: Batch size * number of images
        - c: Number of channels (3)
        - h: Height of each video frame
        - w: Width of each video frame
    """

    type: Literal["pixel_values_videos"]
    pixel_values_flat: Annotated[torch.Tensor, TensorShape("bvf", 3, "h", "w")]
    num_patches: Annotated[torch.Tensor, TensorShape("bn")]


class InternVLVideoEmbeddingInputs(TensorSchema):
    """
    Dimensions:
        - n: Number of videos
        - f: Total video feature size
        - h: Hidden size (must match the hidden size of language model backbone)
    """

    type: Literal["video_embeds"]
    data: Annotated[torch.Tensor | list[torch.Tensor], TensorShape("n", "f", "h")]


InternVLVideoInputs: TypeAlias = InternVLVideoPixelInputs | InternVLVideoEmbeddingInputs


# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B
def build_transform(input_size: int):
    MEAN, STD = IMAGENET_MEAN, IMAGENET_STD
    transform = T.Compose(
        [
            T.Lambda(lambda img: convert_image_mode(img, "RGB")),
            T.Resize(
                (input_size, input_size), interpolation=T.InterpolationMode.BICUBIC
            ),
            T.ToTensor(),
            T.Normalize(mean=MEAN, std=STD),
        ]
    )
    return transform


# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B
def find_closest_aspect_ratio(
    aspect_ratio: float,
    target_ratios: list[tuple[int, int]],
    *,
    width: int,
    height: int,
    image_size: int,
) -> tuple[int, int]:
    best_ratio_diff = float("inf")
    best_ratio = (1, 1)
    area = width * height
    for ratio in target_ratios:
        target_aspect_ratio = ratio[0] / ratio[1]
        ratio_diff = abs(aspect_ratio - target_aspect_ratio)
        if ratio_diff < best_ratio_diff:
            best_ratio_diff = ratio_diff
            best_ratio = ratio
        elif ratio_diff == best_ratio_diff:
            if area > 0.5 * image_size * image_size * ratio[0] * ratio[1]:
                best_ratio = ratio
    return best_ratio


def resolve_internvl_min_max_num(
    *,
    min_dynamic_patch: int,
    max_dynamic_patch: int,
    dynamic_image_size: bool,
    use_thumbnail: bool,
) -> tuple[int, int]:
    min_dynamic_patch = min_dynamic_patch if dynamic_image_size else 1
    max_dynamic_patch = max_dynamic_patch if dynamic_image_size else 1

    if use_thumbnail and max_dynamic_patch != 1:
        max_dynamic_patch += 1

    return min_dynamic_patch, max_dynamic_patch


def get_internvl_target_ratios(
    min_num: int,
    max_num: int,
) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
    target_ratios = {
        (i, j)
        for n in range(min_num, max_num + 1)
        for i in range(1, n + 1)
        for j in range(1, n + 1)
        if min_num <= i * j <= max_num
    }
    return sorted(target_ratios, key=lambda x: x[0] * x[1])


def calculate_internvl_targets(
    *,
    orig_width: int,
    orig_height: int,
    target_ratios: list[tuple[int, int]],
    image_size: int,
    use_thumbnail: bool,
) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
    aspect_ratio = orig_width / orig_height

    # find the closest aspect ratio to the target
    target_aspect_ratio = find_closest_aspect_ratio(
        aspect_ratio,
        target_ratios,
        width=orig_width,
        height=orig_height,
        image_size=image_size,
    )

    # calculate the target width and height
    target_width = image_size * target_aspect_ratio[0]
    target_height = image_size * target_aspect_ratio[1]
    blocks = target_aspect_ratio[0] * target_aspect_ratio[1]

    # add thumbnail image if num_blocks != 1
    if use_thumbnail and blocks != 1:
        blocks += 1

    return blocks, target_width, target_height


# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B
def dynamic_preprocess_internvl(
    image: Image.Image,
    *,
    target_ratios: list[tuple[int, int]],
    image_size: int,
    use_thumbnail: bool,
) -> list[Image.Image]:
    orig_width, orig_height = image.size

    # calculate the number of blocks without thumbnail
    blocks, target_width, target_height = calculate_internvl_targets(
        orig_width=orig_width,
        orig_height=orig_height,
        target_ratios=target_ratios,
        image_size=image_size,
        use_thumbnail=False,
    )

    # resize the image
    resized_img = image.resize((target_width, target_height))
    processed_images = []
    for i in range(blocks):
        box = (
            (i % (target_width // image_size)) * image_size,
            (i // (target_width // image_size)) * image_size,
            ((i % (target_width // image_size)) + 1) * image_size,
            ((i // (target_width // image_size)) + 1) * image_size,
        )
        # split the image
        split_img = resized_img.crop(box)
        processed_images.append(split_img)

    assert len(processed_images) == blocks

    if use_thumbnail and len(processed_images) != 1:
        thumbnail_img = image.resize((image_size, image_size))
        processed_images.append(thumbnail_img)

    return processed_images


# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B
def image_to_pixel_values_internvl(
    image: Image.Image,
    *,
    input_size: int,
    min_num: int,
    max_num: int,
    use_thumbnail: bool,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    target_ratios = get_internvl_target_ratios(min_num, max_num)

    transform = build_transform(input_size=input_size)
    images = dynamic_preprocess_internvl(
        image,
        target_ratios=target_ratios,
        image_size=input_size,
        use_thumbnail=use_thumbnail,
    )

    pixel_values = torch.stack([transform(image) for image in images])
    return pixel_values


# adapted from https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B
def video_to_pixel_values_internvl(
    video: npt.NDArray,
    *,
    input_size: int,
    min_num: int,
    max_num: int,
    use_thumbnail: bool,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    target_ratios = get_internvl_target_ratios(min_num, max_num)

    transform = build_transform(input_size=input_size)
    frames_list = list[Image.Image]()
    for frame in video:
        pil_frame = dynamic_preprocess_internvl(
            Image.fromarray(frame, mode="RGB"),
            target_ratios=target_ratios,
            image_size=input_size,
            use_thumbnail=use_thumbnail,
        )
        assert len(pil_frame) == 1
        frames_list.extend(pil_frame)

    pixel_values = torch.stack([transform(image) for image in frames_list])
    return pixel_values


class BaseInternVLProcessor(ABC):
    """
    This model doesn't define its own HF processor,
    so we implement our own one here.

    The code to insert image tokens is based on:
    https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL2-1B/blob/main/modeling_internvl_chat.py#L252
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        config: PretrainedConfig,
        tokenizer: TokenizerLike,
        *,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        self.config = config
        self.tokenizer = tokenizer

        image_size: int = config.vision_config.image_size
        patch_size: int = config.vision_config.patch_size

        if min_dynamic_patch is None:
            min_dynamic_patch = config.min_dynamic_patch
        assert isinstance(min_dynamic_patch, int)

        if max_dynamic_patch is None:
            max_dynamic_patch = config.max_dynamic_patch
        assert isinstance(max_dynamic_patch, int)

        if dynamic_image_size is None:
            dynamic_image_size = config.dynamic_image_size
        assert isinstance(dynamic_image_size, bool)

        self.num_image_token = int(
            (image_size // patch_size) ** 2 * (config.downsample_ratio**2)
        )
        self.image_size = image_size
        self.min_dynamic_patch = min_dynamic_patch
        self.max_dynamic_patch = max_dynamic_patch
        self.dynamic_image_size = dynamic_image_size
        self.use_thumbnail: bool = config.use_thumbnail

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def image_token_id(self) -> int:
        raise NotImplementedError

    @abstractmethod
    def get_image_repl(
        self,
        feature_size: int,
        num_patches: int | None,
    ) -> PromptUpdateDetails[str]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def resolve_min_max_num(
        self,
        *,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
        use_thumbnail: bool | None = None,
    ) -> tuple[int, int]:
        min_dynamic_patch = (
            self.min_dynamic_patch if min_dynamic_patch is None else min_dynamic_patch
        )
        max_dynamic_patch = (
            self.max_dynamic_patch if max_dynamic_patch is None else max_dynamic_patch
        )
        dynamic_image_size = (
            self.dynamic_image_size
            if dynamic_image_size is None
            else dynamic_image_size
        )
        use_thumbnail = self.use_thumbnail if use_thumbnail is None else use_thumbnail

        return resolve_internvl_min_max_num(
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            use_thumbnail=use_thumbnail,
        )

    def resolve_target_ratios(
        self,
        *,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
        use_thumbnail: bool | None = None,
    ) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
        min_num, max_num = self.resolve_min_max_num(
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            use_thumbnail=use_thumbnail,
        )

        return get_internvl_target_ratios(min_num, max_num)

    def get_num_image_tokens(
        self,
        *,
        image_width: int,
        image_height: int,
    ) -> int:
        target_ratios = self.resolve_target_ratios(
            use_thumbnail=False,  # Applied in calculate_targets
        )

        num_patches, _, _ = calculate_internvl_targets(
            orig_width=image_width,
            orig_height=image_height,
            image_size=self.image_size,
            target_ratios=target_ratios,
            use_thumbnail=self.use_thumbnail,
        )

        return num_patches * self.num_image_token

    def _images_to_pixel_values_lst(
        self,
        images: list[Image.Image],
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
    ) -> list[torch.Tensor]:
        min_num, max_num = self.resolve_min_max_num(
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            use_thumbnail=False,  # Applied in image_to_pixel_values
        )

        return [
            image_to_pixel_values_internvl(
                image,
                input_size=self.image_size,
                min_num=min_num,
                max_num=max_num,
                use_thumbnail=self.use_thumbnail,
            )
            for image in images
        ]

    def _preprocess_image(
        self,
        text: list[str],
        images: list[Image.Image],
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
    ) -> tuple[list[str], dict[str, torch.Tensor]]:
        if len(images) == 0:
            image_inputs = {}
        else:
            pixel_values_lst = self._images_to_pixel_values_lst(
                images,
                min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
                max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
                dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            )
            image_inputs = {
                "pixel_values_flat": torch.cat(pixel_values_lst),
                "image_num_patches": torch.tensor(
                    [len(item) for item in pixel_values_lst]
                ),
            }

            for pixel_values in pixel_values_lst:
                num_patches = pixel_values.shape[0]
                feature_size = num_patches * self.num_image_token

                image_repl = self.get_image_repl(feature_size, num_patches)
                text = [t.replace("<image>", image_repl.full, 1) for t in text]
        return text, image_inputs

    def _make_batch_input(self, input_item: Any | list[Any] | None = None):
        if input_item is None:
            input_item = []
        if not isinstance(input_item, list):
            input_item = [input_item]
        return input_item

    def __call__(
        self,
        text: str | list[str] | None = None,
        images: Image.Image | list[Image.Image] | None = None,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
        return_tensors: str | TensorType | None = None,
    ) -> BatchFeature:
        text, images = [self._make_batch_input(x) for x in (text, images)]

        text, image_inputs = self._preprocess_image(
            text=text,
            images=images,
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
        )

        text_inputs = self.tokenizer(text)

        combined_outputs = {**text_inputs, **image_inputs}

        return BatchFeature(combined_outputs, tensor_type=return_tensors)


class InternVLProcessor(BaseInternVLProcessor):
    """
    HF Processor for InternVLChatModel with extended video processing logic.

    Code for video processing is adapted from video example:
    https://huggingface.co/OpenGVLab/InternVL3-1B#inference-with-transformers
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        config: PretrainedConfig,
        tokenizer: TokenizerLike,
        *,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
        video_token: str | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__(
            config=config,
            tokenizer=tokenizer,
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
        )
        # add extra video token for video processing
        self.video_token = video_token

    @property
    def image_token_id(self) -> int:
        return self.tokenizer.get_vocab()[IMG_CONTEXT]

    @property
    def video_token_id(self) -> int | None:
        if self.video_token is None:
            return None
        return self.tokenizer.get_vocab().get(self.video_token, None)

    @property
    def supports_video(self) -> bool:
        return self.video_token_id is not None

    def _videos_to_pixel_values_lst(
        self,
        videos: list[npt.NDArray],
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
    ) -> list[torch.Tensor]:
        min_num, max_num = self.resolve_min_max_num(
            min_dynamic_patch=1,
            max_dynamic_patch=1,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            use_thumbnail=False,  # Applied in image_to_pixel_values
        )

        return [
            video_to_pixel_values_internvl(
                video,
                input_size=self.image_size,
                min_num=min_num,
                max_num=max_num,
                use_thumbnail=False,
            )
            for video in videos
        ]

    def _preprocess_video(
        self,
        text: list[str],
        videos: list[npt.NDArray],
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
    ):
        if len(videos) == 0 or not self.supports_video:
            video_inputs = {}
        else:
            pixel_values_lst_video = self._videos_to_pixel_values_lst(
                videos,
                dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
            )
            video_inputs = {
                "pixel_values_flat_video": torch.cat(pixel_values_lst_video),
                "video_num_patches": torch.tensor(
                    [len(item) for item in pixel_values_lst_video]
                ),
            }

            for pixel_values in pixel_values_lst_video:
                num_patches = pixel_values.shape[0]

                video_repl = self.get_video_repl(
                    self.num_image_token, num_patches, self.video_token
                )
                text = [t.replace("<video>", video_repl.full, 1) for t in text]
        return text, video_inputs

    def __call__(
        self,
        text: str | list[str] | None = None,
        images: Image.Image | list[Image.Image] | None = None,
        videos: npt.NDArray | list[npt.NDArray] | None = None,
        min_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        max_dynamic_patch: int | None = None,
        dynamic_image_size: bool | None = None,
        return_tensors: str | TensorType | None = None,
    ) -> BatchFeature:
        text, images, videos = [
            self._make_batch_input(x) for x in (text, images, videos)
        ]

        text, image_inputs = self._preprocess_image(
            text=text,
            images=images,
            min_dynamic_patch=min_dynamic_patch,
            max_dynamic_patch=max_dynamic_patch,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
        )

        text, video_inputs = self._preprocess_video(
            text=text,
            videos=videos,
            dynamic_image_size=dynamic_image_size,
        )

        text_inputs = self.tokenizer(text)

        combined_outputs = {**text_inputs, **image_inputs, **video_inputs}

        return BatchFeature(combined_outputs, tensor_type=return_tensors)

    def get_image_repl(
        self,
        feature_size: int,
        num_patches: int | None,
    ) -> PromptUpdateDetails[str]:
        repl_features = IMG_CONTEXT * feature_size
        repl_full = IMG_START + repl_features + IMG_END

        return PromptUpdateDetails.select_text(repl_full, IMG_CONTEXT)

    def get_video_repl(
        self,
        feature_size: int,
        num_patches: int | None = None,
        video_context_token: str = IMG_CONTEXT,
    ) -> PromptUpdateDetails[str]:
        repl_features = video_context_token * self.num_image_token
        repl_features_with_sep = IMG_START + repl_features + IMG_END
        # num_patches is equal to num_frames
        repl_full = "".join(
            [f"Frame{i + 1}: {repl_features_with_sep}" for i in range(num_patches)]
        )

        return PromptUpdateDetails.select_text(repl_full, video_context_token)


class BaseInternVLProcessingInfo(BaseProcessingInfo):
    """Basic image-only ProcessingInfo for InternVL-style models."""

    @abstractmethod
    def get_hf_processor(self, **kwargs: object) -> BaseInternVLProcessor:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def get_supported_mm_limits(self) -> Mapping[str, int | None]:
        return {"image": None}

    def get_num_image_tokens(
        self,
        *,
        image_width: int,
        image_height: int,
        processor: BaseInternVLProcessor,
    ) -> int:
        return processor.get_num_image_tokens(
            image_width=image_width,
            image_height=image_height,
        )

    def get_image_size_with_most_features(self) -> ImageSize:
        processor = self.get_hf_processor()

        base_size = processor.image_size
        target_ratios = processor.resolve_target_ratios()

        largest_feature_size, largest_feature_pinpoint = 0, None
        for wr, hr in target_ratios:
            width, height = base_size * wr, base_size * hr

            feat_size = self.get_num_image_tokens(
                image_width=width,
                image_height=height,
                processor=processor,
            )
            if feat_size > largest_feature_size:
                largest_feature_size = feat_size
                largest_feature_pinpoint = ImageSize(width=width, height=height)

        if largest_feature_size == 0 or largest_feature_pinpoint is None:
            raise ValueError("Cannot have a largest feature size of 0!")

        return largest_feature_pinpoint

    def get_max_image_tokens(self) -> int:
        processor = self.get_hf_processor()
        target_width, target_height = self.get_image_size_with_most_features()

        return self.get_num_image_tokens(
            image_width=target_width,
            image_height=target_height,
            processor=processor,
        )


_I = TypeVar("_I", bound=BaseInternVLProcessingInfo)


class BaseInternVLDummyInputsBuilder(BaseDummyInputsBuilder[_I]):
    """Basic image-only DummyInputsBuilder for InternVL-style models."""

    def get_dummy_text(self, mm_counts: Mapping[str, int]) -> str:
        num_images = mm_counts.get("image", 0)

        return "<image>" * num_images

    def get_dummy_mm_data(
        self,
        seq_len: int,
        mm_counts: Mapping[str, int],
        mm_options: Mapping[str, BaseDummyOptions],
    ) -> MultiModalDataDict:
        target_width, target_height = self.info.get_image_size_with_most_features()
        num_images = mm_counts.get("image", 0)

        image_overrides = mm_options.get("image")

        return {
            "image": self._get_dummy_images(
                width=target_width,
                height=target_height,
                num_images=num_images,
                overrides=image_overrides,
            )
        }


class BaseInternVLMultiModalProcessor(BaseMultiModalProcessor[_I]):
    """Basic image-only MultiModalProcessor for InternVL-style models."""

    def _call_hf_processor(
        self,
        prompt: str,
        mm_data: Mapping[str, object],
        mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
        tok_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
    ) -> BatchFeature:
        processed_outputs = super()._call_hf_processor(
            prompt=prompt,
            mm_data=mm_data,
            mm_kwargs=mm_kwargs,
            tok_kwargs=tok_kwargs,
        )

        hf_processor = self.info.get_hf_processor(**mm_kwargs)
        image_token_id = hf_processor.image_token_id

        # Since there may be extra tokens in the feature placeholders,
        # we need to pass the image token ID to the model to select the
        # tokens to merge from the vision encoder outputs
        processed_outputs["image_token_id"] = torch.tensor(image_token_id)

        return processed_outputs

    def _get_mm_fields_config(
        self,
        hf_inputs: BatchFeature,
        hf_processor_mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
    ) -> Mapping[str, MultiModalFieldConfig]:
        image_num_patches = hf_inputs.get("image_num_patches", torch.empty(0))
        num_images = len(image_num_patches)

        return dict(
            pixel_values_flat=MultiModalFieldConfig.flat_from_sizes(
                "image", image_num_patches
            ),
            image_num_patches=MultiModalFieldConfig.batched("image"),
            image_embeds=MultiModalFieldConfig.batched("image"),
            image_token_id=MultiModalFieldConfig.shared("image", num_images),
        )

    def _get_prompt_updates(
        self,
        mm_items: MultiModalDataItems,
        hf_processor_mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
        out_mm_kwargs: MultiModalKwargsItems,
    ) -> Sequence[PromptUpdate]:
        hf_processor = self.info.get_hf_processor(**hf_processor_mm_kwargs)

        out_mm_data = out_mm_kwargs.get_data()
        if "image_num_patches" in out_mm_data:
            image_num_patches = out_mm_data["image_num_patches"]
            assert isinstance(image_num_patches, torch.Tensor)
            image_num_patches = image_num_patches.tolist()
        elif "image_embeds" in out_mm_data:
            # TODO: Use image size information in dictionary embedding inputs
            # to compute num_patches (similar to Qwen2-VL)
            image_num_patches = [None] * len(out_mm_data["image_embeds"])
        else:
            image_num_patches = []

        def get_replacement_internvl(item_idx: int):
            images = mm_items.get_items(
                "image", (ImageEmbeddingItems, ImageProcessorItems)
            )

            if isinstance(images, ImageEmbeddingItems):
                feature_size = images.get_feature_size(item_idx)
            else:
                image_size = images.get_image_size(item_idx)
                feature_size = self.info.get_num_image_tokens(
                    image_width=image_size.width,
                    image_height=image_size.height,
                    processor=hf_processor,
                )

            num_patches = image_num_patches[item_idx]
            if num_patches is not None:
                assert isinstance(num_patches, int)

            return hf_processor.get_image_repl(feature_size, num_patches)

        return [
            PromptReplacement(
                modality="image",
                target="<image>",
                replacement=get_replacement_internvl,
            )
        ]


class InternVLProcessingInfo(BaseInternVLProcessingInfo):
    """InternVL ProcessingInfo extended for video processing"""

    @property
    def supports_video(self):
        return self.get_hf_processor().supports_video

    def get_supported_mm_limits(self):
        video_limit = {"video": None} if self.supports_video else {}
        return {**super().get_supported_mm_limits(), **video_limit}

    def get_video_token(self) -> str | None:
        text_model_type = self.get_hf_config().get_text_config().model_type
        video_token_map = {
            "qwen2": "<|video_pad|>",
            "qwen3": "<|video_pad|>",
            "qwen3_moe": "<|video_pad|>",
            "gpt_oss": "<|reserved_200000|>",
        }
        return video_token_map.get(text_model_type)

    def get_num_frames_with_most_features(
        self,
        seq_len: int,
        mm_counts: Mapping[str, int],
    ) -> int:
        max_images = mm_counts.get("image", 0)
        max_videos = mm_counts.get("video", 0)

        processor = self.get_hf_processor()

        max_image_tokens = self.get_max_image_tokens() * max_images
        max_total_frames = (seq_len - max_image_tokens) // processor.num_image_token
        max_frames_per_video = max_total_frames // max(max_videos, 1)

        return max(max_frames_per_video, 1)

    def get_hf_processor(self, **kwargs: object) -> InternVLProcessor:
        return self.ctx.init_processor(
            InternVLProcessor,
            config=self.get_hf_config(),
            tokenizer=self.get_tokenizer(),
            video_token=self.get_video_token(),
            **kwargs,
        )


class InternVLDummyInputsBuilder(
    BaseInternVLDummyInputsBuilder[InternVLProcessingInfo]
):
    """InternVL DummyInputsBuilder extended for video support"""

    def get_dummy_text(self, mm_counts: Mapping[str, int]) -> str:
        num_videos = mm_counts.get("video", 0)

        return super().get_dummy_text(mm_counts) + "<video>" * num_videos

    def get_dummy_mm_data(
        self,
        seq_len: int,
        mm_counts: Mapping[str, int],
        mm_options: Mapping[str, BaseDummyOptions],
    ) -> MultiModalDataDict:
        dummy_image = super().get_dummy_mm_data(seq_len, mm_counts, mm_options)
        if self.info.supports_video:
            config = self.info.get_hf_config()
            image_size: int = config.vision_config.image_size
            target_num_frames = self.info.get_num_frames_with_most_features(
                seq_len, mm_counts
            )
            num_videos = mm_counts.get("video", 0)
            video_overrides = mm_options.get("video")
            dummy_video = {
                "video": self._get_dummy_videos(
                    width=image_size,
                    height=image_size,
                    num_frames=target_num_frames,
                    num_videos=num_videos,
                    overrides=video_overrides,
                )
            }
        else:
            dummy_video = {}
        return {**dummy_image, **dummy_video}


class InternVLMultiModalProcessor(
    BaseInternVLMultiModalProcessor[InternVLProcessingInfo]
):
    """InternVL MultiModalProcessor extended for video support"""

    def _call_hf_processor(
        self,
        prompt: str,
        mm_data: Mapping[str, object],
        mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
        tok_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
    ) -> BatchFeature:
        processed_outputs = super()._call_hf_processor(
            prompt, mm_data, mm_kwargs, tok_kwargs
        )

        hf_processor = self.info.get_hf_processor(**mm_kwargs)
        if (
            self.info.supports_video
            and (video_token_id := hf_processor.video_token_id) is not None
        ):
            processed_outputs["video_token_id"] = torch.tensor(video_token_id)
        return processed_outputs

    def _get_mm_fields_config(
        self,
        hf_inputs: BatchFeature,
        hf_processor_mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
    ) -> Mapping[str, MultiModalFieldConfig]:
        image_fields = super()._get_mm_fields_config(hf_inputs, hf_processor_mm_kwargs)
        if self.info.supports_video:
            video_num_patches = hf_inputs.get("video_num_patches", torch.empty(0))
            num_videos = len(video_num_patches)
            video_fields = dict(
                pixel_values_flat_video=MultiModalFieldConfig.flat_from_sizes(
                    "video", video_num_patches
                ),
                video_num_patches=MultiModalFieldConfig.batched("video"),
                video_token_id=MultiModalFieldConfig.shared("video", num_videos),
            )
        else:
            video_fields = {}

        return image_fields | video_fields

    def _get_prompt_updates(
        self,
        mm_items: MultiModalDataItems,
        hf_processor_mm_kwargs: Mapping[str, object],
        out_mm_kwargs: MultiModalKwargsItems,
    ) -> Sequence[PromptUpdate]:
        prompt_repl = super()._get_prompt_updates(
            mm_items=mm_items,
            hf_processor_mm_kwargs=hf_processor_mm_kwargs,
            out_mm_kwargs=out_mm_kwargs,
        )

        hf_processor = self.info.get_hf_processor(**hf_processor_mm_kwargs)

        out_mm_data = out_mm_kwargs.get_data()
        if "video_num_patches" in out_mm_data:
            video_num_patches = out_mm_data["video_num_patches"]
            assert isinstance(video_num_patches, torch.Tensor)
            video_num_patches = video_num_patches.tolist()
        else:
            video_num_patches = []

        def get_video_replacement_internvl(item_idx: int):
            feature_size = hf_processor.num_image_token
            num_patches = video_num_patches[item_idx]
            if num_patches is not None:
                assert isinstance(num_patches, int)

            return hf_processor.get_video_repl(
                feature_size, num_patches, video_context_token=hf_processor.video_token
            )

        if self.info.supports_video:
            prompt_repl = [
                *prompt_repl,
                PromptReplacement(
                    modality="video",
                    target="<video>",
                    replacement=get_video_replacement_internvl,
                ),
            ]

        return prompt_repl


@MULTIMODAL_REGISTRY.register_processor(
    InternVLMultiModalProcessor,
    info=InternVLProcessingInfo,
    dummy_inputs=InternVLDummyInputsBuilder,
)
class InternVLChatModel(nn.Module, SupportsMultiModal, SupportsPP, SupportsLoRA):
    supports_encoder_tp_data = True

    @classmethod
    def get_placeholder_str(cls, modality: str, i: int) -> str | None:
        if modality.startswith("image"):
            return "<image>"
        if modality.startswith("video"):
            return "<video>"

        raise ValueError("Only image or video modality is supported")

    def __init__(self, *, vllm_config: VllmConfig, prefix: str = "") -> None:
        super().__init__()

        config = vllm_config.model_config.hf_config
        quant_config = vllm_config.quant_config
        multimodal_config = vllm_config.model_config.multimodal_config

        self.config = config
        self.multimodal_config = multimodal_config
        self.use_data_parallel = multimodal_config.mm_encoder_tp_mode == "data"
        self._patch_quant_config(config, quant_config)

        image_size = config.force_image_size or config.vision_config.image_size
        patch_size = config.vision_config.patch_size
        self.patch_size = patch_size
        self.patch_tokens = (image_size // patch_size) ** 2
        self.num_image_token = int(self.patch_tokens * (config.downsample_ratio**2))
        self.downsample_ratio = config.downsample_ratio
        self.ps_version = config.ps_version

        llm_arch_name = config.text_config.architectures[0]
        self.is_mono = llm_arch_name == "InternLM2VEForCausalLM"

        with self._mark_tower_model(vllm_config, {"image", "video"}):
            self.vision_model = self._init_vision_model(
                config,
                quant_config=quant_config,
                is_mono=self.is_mono,
                prefix=maybe_prefix(prefix, "vision_model"),
            )
            self.mlp1 = self._init_mlp1(config)

        with self._mark_language_model(vllm_config):
            self.language_model = init_vllm_registered_model(
                vllm_config=vllm_config,
                hf_config=config.text_config,
                prefix=maybe_prefix(prefix, "language_model"),
            )

        self.img_context_token_id = None
        self.video_context_token_id = None

        self.visual_token_mask = None
        self.make_empty_intermediate_tensors = (
            self.language_model.make_empty_intermediate_tensors
        )

    def _patch_quant_config(
        self, config: PretrainedConfig, quant_config: QuantizationConfig
    ):
        # the awq models from OpenGVLab missing `modules_to_not_convert`
        # patch the quant_config to add `modules_to_not_convert` back
        if isinstance(quant_config, AWQConfig):
            text_config = config.text_config
            llm_quant_config = getattr(text_config, "quantization_config", None)
            if (not quant_config.modules_to_not_convert) and (
                llm_quant_config is not None
            ):
                quant_config.modules_to_not_convert.append("vision_model")

    def _init_vision_model(
        self,
        config: PretrainedConfig,
        quant_config: QuantizationConfig | None,
        *,
        is_mono: bool,
        prefix: str,
    ):
        if not is_mono:
            vision_feature_layer = config.select_layer
            if vision_feature_layer < 0:
                num_hidden_layers = (
                    config.vision_config.num_hidden_layers + vision_feature_layer + 1
                )
            else:
                num_hidden_layers = vision_feature_layer + 1

            return InternVisionModel(
                config.vision_config,
                quant_config=quant_config,
                num_hidden_layers_override=num_hidden_layers,
                prefix=prefix,
            )
        else:
            return InternVisionPatchModel(config.vision_config)

    def _init_mlp1(self, config: PretrainedConfig) -> nn.Module:
        vit_hidden_size = config.vision_config.hidden_size
        llm_hidden_size = config.text_config.hidden_size

        return nn.Sequential(
            nn.LayerNorm(vit_hidden_size * int(1 / self.downsample_ratio) ** 2),
            nn.Linear(
                vit_hidden_size * int(1 / self.downsample_ratio) ** 2, llm_hidden_size
            ),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Linear(llm_hidden_size, llm_hidden_size),
        )

    def pixel_shuffle(self, x, scale_factor=0.5):
        n, w, h, c = x.size()
        # N, W, H, C --> N, W, H * scale, C // scale
        x = x.view(n, w, int(h * scale_factor), int(c / scale_factor))
        # N, W, H * scale, C // scale --> N, H * scale, W, C // scale
        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1, 3).contiguous()
        x = x.view(
            n,
            int(h * scale_factor),
            int(w * scale_factor),
            int(c / (scale_factor * scale_factor)),
        )
        if self.ps_version == "v1":
            pass
        else:
            x = x.permute(0, 2, 1, 3).contiguous()
        return x

    def extract_feature(self, pixel_values: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        vit_embeds = self.vision_model(pixel_values=pixel_values)
        vit_embeds = vit_embeds[:, 1:, :]

        h = w = int(vit_embeds.shape[1] ** 0.5)
        vit_embeds = vit_embeds.reshape(vit_embeds.shape[0], h, w, -1)
        vit_embeds = self.pixel_shuffle(vit_embeds, scale_factor=self.downsample_ratio)
        vit_embeds = vit_embeds.reshape(vit_embeds.shape[0], -1, vit_embeds.shape[-1])
        vit_embeds = self.mlp1(vit_embeds)
        return vit_embeds

    def _parse_and_validate_image_input(
        self, **kwargs: object
    ) -> InternVLImageInputs | None:
        pixel_values_flat = kwargs.pop("pixel_values_flat", None)
        image_num_patches = kwargs.pop("image_num_patches", None)
        image_embeds = kwargs.pop("image_embeds", None)

        if pixel_values_flat is None and image_embeds is None:
            return None

        if image_embeds is not None:
            return InternVLImageEmbeddingInputs(
                type="image_embeds",
                data=image_embeds,
            )

        image_token_id = kwargs["image_token_id"]
        if isinstance(image_token_id, torch.Tensor):
            image_token_id = image_token_id.flatten().unique().item()

        assert isinstance(image_token_id, int)
        self.img_context_token_id = image_token_id

        if pixel_values_flat is not None:
            expected_h = expected_w = self.config.vision_config.image_size
            resolve_bindings = {"h": expected_h, "w": expected_w}

            return InternVLImagePixelInputs(
                type="pixel_values",
                pixel_values_flat=pixel_values_flat,
                num_patches=image_num_patches,
                resolve_bindings=resolve_bindings,
            )

        raise AssertionError("This line should be unreachable.")

    def _parse_and_validate_video_input(
        self, **kwargs: object
    ) -> InternVLVideoPixelInputs | None:
        pixel_values_flat_video = kwargs.pop("pixel_values_flat_video", None)
        video_num_patches = kwargs.pop("video_num_patches", None)
        video_embeds = kwargs.pop("image_embeds", None)

        if pixel_values_flat_video is None and video_embeds is None:
            return None

        if video_embeds is not None:
            return InternVLVideoEmbeddingInputs(
                type="video_embeds",
                data=video_embeds,
            )

        video_token_id = kwargs["video_token_id"]
        if isinstance(video_token_id, torch.Tensor):
            video_token_id = video_token_id.flatten().unique().item()

        assert isinstance(video_token_id, int)
        self.video_context_token_id = video_token_id

        if pixel_values_flat_video is not None:
            expected_h = expected_w = self.config.vision_config.image_size
            resolve_bindings = {"h": expected_h, "w": expected_w}

            return InternVLVideoPixelInputs(
                type="pixel_values_videos",
                pixel_values_flat=pixel_values_flat_video,
                num_patches=video_num_patches,
                resolve_bindings=resolve_bindings,
            )

        raise AssertionError("This line should be unreachable.")

    def _process_vision_input(
        self,
        image_input: InternVLImageInputs | InternVLVideoInputs,
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, ...]:
        if (
            image_input["type"] == "image_embeds"
            or image_input["type"] == "video_embeds"
        ):
            return image_input["data"]

        image_embeds = self.extract_feature(image_input["pixel_values_flat"])

        num_patches = image_input["num_patches"]

        # Only one image in the current batch
        if len(num_patches) == 1:
            return (image_embeds.view(-1, self.config.text_config.hidden_size),)

        # NOTE: Image embeddings are split into separate tensors for each image
        # by the size of each embedding.
        feature_size = image_embeds.shape[1]
        image_embeds = image_embeds.view(-1, self.config.text_config.hidden_size)
        image_feature_sizes = [
            num_patches * feature_size for num_patches in num_patches
        ]
        return image_embeds.split(image_feature_sizes)

    def _parse_and_validate_multimodal_inputs(self, **kwargs: object) -> dict:
        modalities = {}

        # Preserve the order of modalities if there are multiple of them
        # from the order of kwargs.
        for input_key in kwargs:
            if (
                input_key in ("pixel_values_flat", "image_embeds")
                and "images" not in modalities
            ):
                modalities["images"] = self._parse_and_validate_image_input(**kwargs)
            if input_key in ("pixel_values_flat_video",) and "videos" not in modalities:
                modalities["videos"] = self._parse_and_validate_video_input(**kwargs)

        return modalities

    def _set_visual_token_mask(self, input_ids: torch.Tensor) -> None:
        if self.is_mono:
            assert self.img_context_token_id is not None
            self.visual_token_mask = (input_ids == self.img_context_token_id).reshape(
                -1, 1
            )
        else:
            self.visual_token_mask = None

    def embed_multimodal(self, **kwargs: object) -> MultiModalEmbeddings:
        modalities = self._parse_and_validate_multimodal_inputs(**kwargs)
        if not modalities:
            return []

        # The result multimodal_embeddings is tuple of tensors, with each
        # tensor correspoending to a multimodal data item (image or video).
        multimodal_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, ...] = ()

        # NOTE: It is important to iterate over the keys in this dictionary
        # to preserve the order of the modalities.
        for modality in modalities:
            if modality == "images":
                image_input = modalities["images"]
                image_embeddings = self._process_vision_input(image_input)
                multimodal_embeddings += tuple(image_embeddings)
            if modality == "videos":
                video_input = modalities["videos"]
                video_embeddings = self._process_vision_input(video_input)
                multimodal_embeddings += tuple(video_embeddings)

        return multimodal_embeddings

    def embed_input_ids(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.Tensor,
        multimodal_embeddings: MultiModalEmbeddings | None = None,
        *,
        is_multimodal: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        handle_oov_mm_token: bool = False,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        if multimodal_embeddings is not None and len(multimodal_embeddings) > 0:
            self._set_visual_token_mask(input_ids)

        # This is to satisfy the type checker for each overload
        if multimodal_embeddings is None or is_multimodal is None:
            return super().embed_input_ids(input_ids)

        return super().embed_input_ids(
            input_ids,
            multimodal_embeddings=multimodal_embeddings,
            is_multimodal=is_multimodal,
            handle_oov_mm_token=handle_oov_mm_token,
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.Tensor | None,
        positions: torch.Tensor,
        intermediate_tensors: IntermediateTensors | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: object,
    ) -> IntermediateTensors:
        if intermediate_tensors is not None:
            inputs_embeds = None

        forward_kwargs = {
            "input_ids": input_ids,
            "positions": positions,
            "intermediate_tensors": intermediate_tensors,
            "inputs_embeds": inputs_embeds,
        }

        # Only required if the model is mono-architecture
        if self.visual_token_mask is not None:
            forward_kwargs.update({"visual_token_mask": self.visual_token_mask})
            self.visual_token_mask = None

        hidden_states = self.language_model.model(**forward_kwargs)
        return hidden_states

    def compute_logits(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | None:
        return self.language_model.compute_logits(hidden_states)

    def load_weights(self, weights: Iterable[tuple[str, torch.Tensor]]) -> set[str]:
        # unused modules appear in OpenGVLab/InternVideo2_5_Chat_8B
        skip_prefixes = [
            "action_embed",
            "temporal_embed",
            "track_embed",
            "track_embed_decoder",
            "box_token",
            "cg_criterion",
            "cg_model",
            "loc_encoder",
            "loc_decoder",
            "sam",
            "temporal_token",
            "track_token",
        ]
        loader = AutoWeightsLoader(self, skip_prefixes=skip_prefixes)
        return loader.load_weights(weights)

    def get_mm_mapping(self) -> MultiModelKeys:
        """
        Get the module prefix in multimodal models
        """
        return MultiModelKeys.from_string_field(
            language_model="language_model",
            connector="mlp1",
            tower_model="vision_model",
        )

    def get_num_mm_encoder_tokens(self, num_image_tokens: int) -> int:
        if num_image_tokens <= 0 or self.num_image_token <= 0:
            return 0

        num_patches = num_image_tokens // self.num_image_token
        return num_patches * (self.patch_tokens + 1)

    def get_num_mm_connector_tokens(self, num_vision_tokens: int) -> int:
        if num_vision_tokens <= 0 or self.num_image_token <= 0:
            return 0

        num_patches = num_vision_tokens // (self.patch_tokens + 1)
        return num_patches * self.num_image_token