test_eagle.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project

from unittest import mock

import numpy as np
import pytest
import torch

from tests.utils import get_attn_backend_list_based_on_platform
from tests.v1.attention.utils import (
    BatchSpec,
    create_common_attn_metadata,
    create_standard_kv_cache_spec,
    try_get_attention_backend,
)
from vllm.config import (
    AttentionConfig,
    CacheConfig,
    DeviceConfig,
    ModelConfig,
    ParallelConfig,
    SchedulerConfig,
    SpeculativeConfig,
    VllmConfig,
)
from vllm.config.load import LoadConfig
from vllm.model_executor.models.llama import LlamaForCausalLM
from vllm.platforms import current_platform
from vllm.v1.attention.backends.registry import AttentionBackendEnum
from vllm.v1.spec_decode.dflash import DFlashProposer
from vllm.v1.spec_decode.draft_model import DraftModelProposer
from vllm.v1.spec_decode.eagle import EagleProposer
from vllm.v1.spec_decode.metadata import SpecDecodeMetadata
from vllm.v1.worker.gpu_input_batch import CachedRequestState, InputBatch

model_dir = "meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct"
eagle_dir = "yuhuili/EAGLE-LLaMA3.1-Instruct-8B"
eagle3_dir = "yuhuili/EAGLE3-LLaMA3.1-Instruct-8B"
ar_draft_model_dir = "amd/PARD-Llama-3.2-1B"  # Compatible with parallel and AR drafting
dflash_target_dir = "Qwen/Qwen3-8B"
dflash_dir = "z-lab/Qwen3-8B-DFlash-b16"

BLOCK_SIZE = 16


def _create_proposer(
    method: str,
    num_speculative_tokens: int,
    attention_backend: str | None = None,
    speculative_token_tree: list[tuple[int, ...]] | None = None,
    parallel_drafting: bool = False,
) -> EagleProposer:
    # Method-dependent setup
    if method == "eagle":
        target_model_dir = model_dir
        draft_model_dir = eagle_dir
    elif method == "eagle3":
        target_model_dir = model_dir
        draft_model_dir = eagle3_dir
    elif method == "draft_model":
        target_model_dir = model_dir
        draft_model_dir = ar_draft_model_dir
    elif method == "dflash":
        target_model_dir = dflash_target_dir
        draft_model_dir = dflash_dir
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unknown method: {method}")

    model_config = ModelConfig(
        model=target_model_dir,
        runner="generate",
        max_model_len=100,
        trust_remote_code=(method == "dflash"),
    )

    spec_token_tree_str = None
    if speculative_token_tree is not None:
        assert num_speculative_tokens == len(speculative_token_tree)
        spec_token_tree_str = str(speculative_token_tree)

    speculative_config = SpeculativeConfig(
        target_model_config=model_config,
        target_parallel_config=ParallelConfig(),
        model=draft_model_dir,
        method=method,
        num_speculative_tokens=num_speculative_tokens,
        speculative_token_tree=spec_token_tree_str,
        parallel_drafting=parallel_drafting,
    )
    if parallel_drafting:
        # Overwrite pard_token to avoid crash during init
        speculative_config.draft_model_config.hf_config.pard_token = 0

    device = current_platform.device_type
    vllm_config = VllmConfig(
        model_config=model_config,
        cache_config=CacheConfig(block_size=16),
        speculative_config=speculative_config,
        device_config=DeviceConfig(device=device),
        parallel_config=ParallelConfig(),
        load_config=LoadConfig(),
        scheduler_config=SchedulerConfig(
            max_model_len=model_config.max_model_len,
            is_encoder_decoder=model_config.is_encoder_decoder,
        ),
        attention_config=AttentionConfig(backend=attention_backend),
    )

    if method == "dflash":
        proposer = DFlashProposer(vllm_config=vllm_config, device=device)
    elif "eagle" in method:
        proposer = EagleProposer(vllm_config=vllm_config, device=device)
    else:
        proposer = DraftModelProposer(vllm_config=vllm_config, device=device)
    proposer.block_size = BLOCK_SIZE
    return proposer


def test_prepare_next_token_ids():
    """
    Test for prepare_next_token_ids_cpu and prepare_next_token_ids_padded.
    Each will produce a device tensor of next_token_ids, taking as input
    either the GPU tensor of sampled_token_ids with -1 for rejected tokens,
    or the CPU python list[list[int]] with the rejected tokens removed.
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    num_requests = 4
    num_speculative_tokens = 4
    req_ids = [f"req_{i + 1}" for i in range(num_requests)]
    mock_input_batch = mock.MagicMock(spec=InputBatch)
    mock_input_batch.req_ids = req_ids
    mock_input_batch.num_reqs = num_requests
    mock_input_batch.vocab_size = 100
    mock_input_batch.num_tokens_no_spec = np.array(
        [num_speculative_tokens + 1] * num_requests
    )

    mock_num_scheduled_tokens = {req_id: 0 for req_id in req_ids}
    mock_requests = {}
    for req_id in req_ids:
        mock_request = mock.MagicMock(spec=CachedRequestState)
        # Each request will have a backup next token id of 10, 20, 30, 40
        mock_request.get_token_id.return_value = int(req_id.split("_")[1]) * 10
        mock_request.num_computed_tokens = 0
        mock_requests[req_id] = mock_request

    # explicitly discard the last request
    discarded_req_mask = torch.tensor(
        [False, False, False, True], dtype=torch.bool, device=device
    )
    sampled_token_ids = [
        [0, 1, -1, -1, -1],  # 1 accepted, 3 rejected, "1" sampled
        [0, 1, 2, 3, 4],  # all accepted, "4" sampled
        [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1],  # sampling skipped, use backup token "30"
        [0, 1, 2, -1, -1],  # explicitly discarded, sampling should be ignored
    ]
    sampled_token_ids_tensor = torch.tensor(
        sampled_token_ids, dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    sampled_token_ids_cpu = [[i for i in seq if i != -1] for seq in sampled_token_ids]
    for i in range(len(sampled_token_ids_cpu)):
        if discarded_req_mask[i]:
            sampled_token_ids_cpu[i] = []

    expected_next_token_ids_cpu = [1, 4, 30, 40]
    expected_next_token_ids_tensor = torch.tensor(
        expected_next_token_ids_cpu, dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )

    proposer = _create_proposer("eagle", num_speculative_tokens)

    next_token_ids_from_cpu = proposer.prepare_next_token_ids_cpu(
        sampled_token_ids_cpu,
        mock_requests,
        mock_input_batch,
        mock_num_scheduled_tokens,
    )

    assert torch.equal(next_token_ids_from_cpu, expected_next_token_ids_tensor)

    expected_valid_sampled_tokens_count = torch.tensor(
        [2, 5, 0, 0], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )

    next_token_ids_from_padded, valid_sampled_tokens_count = (
        proposer.prepare_next_token_ids_padded(
            sampled_token_ids_tensor,
            mock_requests,
            mock_input_batch,
            discarded_req_mask,
        )
    )

    assert torch.equal(next_token_ids_from_padded, expected_next_token_ids_tensor)
    assert torch.equal(valid_sampled_tokens_count, expected_valid_sampled_tokens_count)


def test_prepare_inputs():
    """
    cu_target_query_lens: [0, a, a + b, a + b + c]
    num_rejected_tokens: [n1, n2, n3]
    num_tokens_per_req: [a - n1, b - n2, c - n3]
    cu_num_tokens: [0, a - n1, a + b - n1 - n2, a + b + c - n1 - n2 - n3]
    token_indices: [0, 1, ..., a - n1 - 1,
                    a, a + 1, ..., a + b - n2 - 1,
                    a + b, a + b + 1, ..., a + b + c - n3 - 1]
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    # q1 = 4, q2 = 7, q3 = 5
    # n1 = 1, n2 = 3, n3 = 2

    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[4, 7, 5],
        query_lens=[4, 7, 5],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
    )

    # If there are `k` sampled tokens, then `k-1` tokens are draft tokens
    # from the previous iteration, and the last token is the bonus token sampled
    # from the base model.
    num_draft_tokens = [3, 6, 4]  # one less than query_lens
    # num rejected tokens is [1, 3, 2]
    ACCEPT_TOKEN = 0
    BONUS_TOKEN = 1
    REJECT_TOKEN = -1
    sampled_token_ids = [
        [ACCEPT_TOKEN, ACCEPT_TOKEN, REJECT_TOKEN, BONUS_TOKEN],
        [
            ACCEPT_TOKEN,
            ACCEPT_TOKEN,
            ACCEPT_TOKEN,
            REJECT_TOKEN,
            REJECT_TOKEN,
            REJECT_TOKEN,
            BONUS_TOKEN,
        ],
        [ACCEPT_TOKEN, ACCEPT_TOKEN, REJECT_TOKEN, REJECT_TOKEN, BONUS_TOKEN],
    ]
    sampled_token_ids = [
        [i for i in seq if i != REJECT_TOKEN] for seq in sampled_token_ids
    ]

    # Expected calculations:
    # query_len_per_req = [4, 7, 5]
    # num_tokens_per_req = [3, 4, 3]  (after subtracting rejected tokens)
    # Expected cumulative counts: [0, 3, 7, 10]
    expected_cu_num_tokens = torch.tensor(
        [0, 3, 7, 10], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )

    # Expected token indices (mapped from original positions):
    # First request: indices 0, 1, 2      (keeping first 3 from positions 0-3)
    # Second request: indices 4, 5, 6, 7  (keeping first 4 from positions 4-10)
    # Third request: indices 11, 12, 13   (keeping first 3 from positions 11-15)
    expected_token_indices = torch.tensor(
        [
            0,
            1,
            2,  # First request: 3 tokens (4-1)
            4,
            5,
            6,
            7,  # Second request: 4 tokens (7-3)
            11,
            12,
            13,  # Third request: 3 tokens (5-2)
        ],
        dtype=torch.int32,
        device=device,
    )
    proposer = _create_proposer("eagle", 1)

    updated_metadata, token_indices = proposer.prepare_inputs(
        common_attn_metadata, sampled_token_ids, num_draft_tokens
    )

    assert torch.equal(updated_metadata.query_start_loc, expected_cu_num_tokens)
    assert token_indices.shape[0] == expected_cu_num_tokens[-1].item()
    assert torch.equal(token_indices, expected_token_indices)


def test_prepare_inputs_padded():
    """
    Input scenario is 3 requests with num_speculative_tokens == 2 and:
    - Request 1: query_len = 3, rejected = 1
    - Request 2: query_len = 3, rejected = 0
    - Request 3: query_len = 3, rejected = 2

    Expected outputs:
    token_indices_to_sample: [1, 5, 6]
    Reason: After accounting for rejections, these are the valid token positions
            from the original indices to sample from.
    """

    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    expected_token_indices_to_sample = torch.tensor(
        [1, 5, 6], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )

    num_speculative_tokens = 2
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[3, 3, 3],
        query_lens=[3, 3, 3],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
    )

    # Needed for cu_num_draft_tokens, which is expected to be [3, 6, 9]
    expected_query_start_loc = torch.tensor(
        [0, 3, 6, 9], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    spec_decode_metadata = SpecDecodeMetadata.make_dummy(
        draft_token_ids=[[0] * num_speculative_tokens] * 3,
        device=device,
    )

    # num_rejected_tokens = [1, 0, 2]
    # num_draft_tokens = [2, 2, 2]
    # valid_sampled_tokens_count = num_draft_tokens + 1 - num_rejected_tokens
    valid_sampled_tokens_count = torch.tensor(
        [2, 3, 1], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )

    proposer = _create_proposer("eagle", num_speculative_tokens)

    output_metadata, token_indices_to_sample, num_rejected_tokens_gpu = (
        proposer.prepare_inputs_padded(
            common_attn_metadata, spec_decode_metadata, valid_sampled_tokens_count
        )
    )

    # Verify num_rejected_tokens_gpu is calculated correctly
    expected_num_rejected = torch.tensor([1, 0, 2], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
    assert torch.equal(num_rejected_tokens_gpu, expected_num_rejected)

    assert output_metadata.max_query_len == 3
    assert torch.equal(output_metadata.query_start_loc, expected_query_start_loc)
    assert torch.equal(token_indices_to_sample, expected_token_indices_to_sample)


def test_set_inputs_first_pass_default_eagle():
    """
    Test for set_inputs_first_pass without extra input slots (default EAGLE).

    This tests the path where needs_extra_input_slots=False, which is the
    default EAGLE pathway. In this case:
    - Input IDs are rotated (shifted by one)
    - The next_token_ids are inserted at the last position of each request
    - Positions are copied as-is
    - Hidden states are copied as-is
    - The CommonAttentionMetadata is returned unchanged

    Setup:
    - 3 requests with query_lens [3, 2, 4]
    - Tokens: [a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, c1, c2, c3, c4]
    - After rotation: [a2, a3, -, b2, -, c2, c3, c4, -]
    - After inserting next_tokens [100, 200, 300]:
        [a2, a3, 100, b2, 200, c2, c3, c4, 300]
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    num_speculative_tokens = 3
    proposer = _create_proposer("eagle", num_speculative_tokens)

    # Setup batch with 3 requests
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[10, 8, 12],  # Arbitrary context lengths
        query_lens=[3, 2, 4],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
    )

    # Input tensors
    # Request 0: tokens [10, 11, 12] at positions [7, 8, 9]
    # Request 1: tokens [20, 21] at positions [6, 7]
    # Request 2: tokens [30, 31, 32, 33] at positions [8, 9, 10, 11]
    target_token_ids = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 12, 20, 21, 30, 31, 32, 33], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    target_positions = torch.tensor(
        [7, 8, 9, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11], dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )
    target_hidden_states = torch.randn(
        9, proposer.hidden_size, dtype=proposer.dtype, device=device
    )
    next_token_ids = torch.tensor([100, 200, 300], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_tokens, token_indices_to_sample, output_cad = proposer.set_inputs_first_pass(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        cad=common_attn_metadata,
        num_rejected_tokens_gpu=None,
    )

    assert num_tokens == 9  # Total tokens unchanged

    expected_token_indices_to_sample = torch.tensor(
        [2, 4, 8], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(token_indices_to_sample, expected_token_indices_to_sample)

    assert output_cad is common_attn_metadata

    # Verify input_ids are rotated and next_tokens inserted
    # Original: [10, 11, 12, 20, 21, 30, 31, 32, 33]
    # After shift by 1: [11, 12, 12, 21, 21, 31, 32, 33, 33]
    # After inserting at last indices [2, 4, 8]: [11, 12, 100, 21, 200, 31, 32, 33, 300]
    expected_input_ids = torch.tensor(
        [11, 12, 100, 21, 200, 31, 32, 33, 300], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(proposer.input_ids[:num_tokens], expected_input_ids)

    # Verify positions are copied as-is
    assert torch.equal(proposer.positions[:num_tokens], target_positions)

    # Verify hidden states are copied as-is
    assert torch.equal(proposer.hidden_states[:num_tokens], target_hidden_states)


def test_set_inputs_first_pass_draft_model():
    """
    Test for set_inputs_first_pass with a draft model (extra input slots,
    no shift).

    This tests the path where needs_extra_input_slots=True and
    shift_input_ids=False (draft model case). In this case:
    - Input IDs are NOT shifted
    - Each request gets extra_slots_per_request (1) new slots
    - The kernel handles copying tokens and inserting bonus/padding tokens
    - A new CommonAttentionMetadata is returned with updated query_start_loc

    Setup:
    - 2 requests
    - Request 0: tokens [10, 11, 12] at positions [0, 1, 2]
      - Only tokens [10, 11] are "valid" (query_end_loc=1),
        token 12 is a rejected token from previous speculation
    - Request 1: tokens [20, 21] at positions [0, 1], both valid.
      - Note: this is less than num_speculative_tokens (2) to ensure
        we handle variable lengths correctly.
    - next_token_ids: [100, 200] (bonus tokens)

    With extra_slots_per_request=1 and shift=False:
    Expected output layout:
    Request 0 (indices 0-3):
      - idx 0: token 10, pos 0
      - idx 1: token 11, pos 1
      - idx 2: token 100, pos 2 (bonus token)
      - idx 3: padding_token_id, is_rejected=True
    Request 1 (indices 4-6):
      - idx 4: token 20, pos 0
      - idx 5: token 21, pos 1
      - idx 6: token 200, pos 2 (bonus token)
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    num_speculative_tokens = 2
    block_size = BLOCK_SIZE

    # Create a proposer configured as a draft model (pass_hidden_states=False)
    # We need to mock this since _create_proposer defaults to EAGLE
    proposer = _create_proposer("draft_model", num_speculative_tokens)

    proposer.parallel_drafting_token_id = 0
    proposer.is_rejected_token_mask = torch.zeros(
        proposer.max_num_tokens, dtype=torch.bool, device=device
    )
    proposer.is_masked_token_mask = torch.zeros(
        proposer.max_num_tokens, dtype=torch.bool, device=device
    )

    # Mock draft_attn_groups to avoid needing the full model setup
    mock_kv_cache_spec = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_kv_cache_spec.block_size = block_size
    mock_attn_group = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group.kv_cache_spec = mock_kv_cache_spec
    proposer.draft_attn_groups = [mock_attn_group]

    # Request 0: query_len=3 (but 1 rejected), Request 1: query_len=2
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[3, 2],
        query_lens=[3, 2],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=block_size,
        device=device,
        arange_block_indices=True,  # Use predictable block indices
    )

    # Input tensors
    target_token_ids = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 12, 20, 21], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    target_positions = torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 0, 1], dtype=torch.int64, device=device)
    target_hidden_states = torch.randn(
        5, proposer.hidden_size, dtype=proposer.dtype, device=device
    )
    next_token_ids = torch.tensor([100, 200], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_rejected_tokens_gpu = torch.tensor([1, 0], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_tokens, token_indices_to_sample, output_cad = proposer.set_inputs_first_pass(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        cad=common_attn_metadata,
        num_rejected_tokens_gpu=num_rejected_tokens_gpu,
    )

    assert proposer.net_num_new_slots_per_request == 1
    assert proposer.needs_extra_input_slots

    # total_output_tokens = total_input_tokens + net_num_new_slots * batch_size
    assert num_tokens == 7

    # Request 0: [10, 11, 100, padding_token (0)]
    # Request 1: [20, 21, 200]
    # Combined: [10, 11, 100, 0, 20, 21, 200]
    expected_input_ids = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 100, 0, 20, 21, 200], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(proposer.input_ids[:num_tokens], expected_input_ids)

    # Verify positions
    # Request 0: [0, 1, 2, 0 (don't care)]
    # Request 1: [0, 1, 2]
    # Combined: [0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2]
    expected_positions = torch.tensor(
        [0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2], dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer.positions[:num_tokens],
        expected_positions,
    )

    # Verify rejection mask
    expected_is_rejected = torch.zeros(7, dtype=torch.bool, device=device)
    expected_is_rejected[3] = True  # padding token at index 3
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer.is_rejected_token_mask[:num_tokens], expected_is_rejected
    )

    # Verify masked token mask (should all be False for non-parallel drafting)
    expected_is_masked = torch.zeros(7, dtype=torch.bool, device=device)
    assert torch.equal(proposer.is_masked_token_mask[:num_tokens], expected_is_masked)

    # Verify token_indices_to_sample (bonus tokens at indices 2 and 6)
    expected_token_indices_to_sample = torch.tensor(
        [2, 6], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(token_indices_to_sample, expected_token_indices_to_sample)

    # Verify the new CAD has updated query_start_loc
    # Original: [0, 3, 5] -> New: [0, 4, 7] (each request gains 1 slot)
    expected_query_start_loc = torch.tensor([0, 4, 7], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
    assert torch.equal(output_cad.query_start_loc, expected_query_start_loc)


def test_set_inputs_first_pass_parallel_drafting():
    """
    Test for set_inputs_first_pass with parallel drafting (extra input slots,
    with shift).

    This tests the path where needs_extra_input_slots=True and
    shift_input_ids=True (parallel drafting case). In this case:
    - Input IDs ARE shifted (like default EAGLE)
    - Each request gets extra_slots_per_request (3) new slots
    - Parallel drafting tokens are inserted and marked as masked
    - Hidden states are mapped correctly

    Setup:
    - 2 requests with query_lens [4, 4] (1 bonus + 3 spec tokens each)
    - Request 0: tokens [10, 11, 12, 13] at positions [5, 6, 7, 8]
      - Only tokens [10, 11, 12] are "valid", token 13 is rejected
    - Request 1: tokens [20, 21, 22, 23] at positions [10, 11, 12, 13], all valid.
    - next_token_ids: [100, 200] (bonus tokens)

    With shift_input_ids=True, extra_slots_per_request=3:
    Expected output layout:
    Request 0 (6 output slots = 4 - 1 + 3):
      - idx 0-2: shifted tokens [11, 12, 100]
      - idx 3-4: parallel_drafting_tokens, is_masked=True
      - idx 5: padding_token, is_rejected=True
    Request 1 (6 output slots = 4 - 1 + 3):
      - idx 6-8: shifted tokens [21, 22, 23]
      - idx 9: bonus token 200
      - idx 10-11: parallel_drafting_tokens, is_masked=True
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    num_speculative_tokens = 3
    block_size = BLOCK_SIZE

    proposer = _create_proposer("eagle", num_speculative_tokens, parallel_drafting=True)

    # Override to simulate parallel drafting behavior
    proposer.parallel_drafting_token_id = -2
    proposer.parallel_drafting_hidden_state_tensor = torch.zeros(
        proposer.hidden_size, dtype=proposer.dtype, device=device
    )
    proposer.is_rejected_token_mask = torch.zeros(
        proposer.max_num_tokens, dtype=torch.bool, device=device
    )
    proposer.is_masked_token_mask = torch.zeros(
        proposer.max_num_tokens, dtype=torch.bool, device=device
    )

    # Mock draft_attn_groups
    mock_kv_cache_spec = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_kv_cache_spec.block_size = block_size
    mock_attn_group = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group.kv_cache_spec = mock_kv_cache_spec
    proposer.draft_attn_groups = [mock_attn_group]

    # Request 0: query_len=4 (1 rejected), Request 1: query_len=4 (all valid)
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[9, 14],
        query_lens=[4, 4],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=block_size,
        device=device,
        arange_block_indices=True,
    )

    # Input tensors
    target_token_ids = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 20, 21, 22, 23], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    target_positions = torch.tensor(
        [5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13], dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )
    target_hidden_states = torch.arange(
        8 * proposer.hidden_size, dtype=proposer.dtype, device=device
    ).view(8, proposer.hidden_size)
    next_token_ids = torch.tensor([100, 200], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_rejected_tokens_gpu = torch.tensor([1, 0], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_tokens, token_indices_to_sample, output_cad = proposer.set_inputs_first_pass(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        cad=common_attn_metadata,
        num_rejected_tokens_gpu=num_rejected_tokens_gpu,
    )

    # total_output_tokens = total_input_tokens + net_num_new_slots * batch_size
    # = 8 + 2 * 2 = 12
    assert num_tokens == 12

    # Request 0: [11, 12, 100, -2, -2, 0(padding)]
    # Request 1: [21, 22, 23, 200, -2, -2]
    expected_input_ids = torch.tensor(
        [11, 12, 100, -2, -2, 0, 21, 22, 23, 200, -2, -2],
        dtype=torch.int32,
        device=device,
    )
    assert torch.equal(proposer.input_ids[:num_tokens], expected_input_ids)

    # Verify positions
    # Request 0: [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 (don't care)]
    # Request 1: [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
    expected_positions = torch.tensor(
        [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer.positions[:num_tokens],
        expected_positions,
    )

    # Verify rejection mask
    expected_is_rejected = torch.zeros(12, dtype=torch.bool, device=device)
    expected_is_rejected[5] = True
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer.is_rejected_token_mask[:num_tokens], expected_is_rejected
    )

    # Verify masked token mask (parallel drafting slots should be masked)
    expected_is_masked = torch.zeros(12, dtype=torch.bool, device=device)
    expected_is_masked[3] = True
    expected_is_masked[4] = True
    expected_is_masked[10] = True
    expected_is_masked[11] = True
    assert torch.equal(proposer.is_masked_token_mask[:num_tokens], expected_is_masked)

    # Verify token_indices_to_sample (bonus + parallel drafting tokens)
    # Request 0: bonus at 2, parallel at 3, 4
    # Request 1: bonus at 9, parallel at 10, 11
    expected_token_indices_to_sample = torch.tensor(
        [2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(token_indices_to_sample, expected_token_indices_to_sample)

    # Verify the new CAD has updated query_start_loc
    # Original query_lens: [4, 4] -> Output: [6, 6]
    expected_query_start_loc = torch.tensor(
        [0, 6, 12], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(output_cad.query_start_loc, expected_query_start_loc)

    # Verify masked positions have the parallel drafting hidden state (zeros)
    parallel_drafting_hs = proposer.parallel_drafting_hidden_state_tensor
    for i in range(num_tokens):
        if expected_is_masked[i]:
            assert torch.equal(proposer.hidden_states[i], parallel_drafting_hs), (
                f"Masked position {i} should have parallel drafting hidden state"
            )


@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["eagle", "eagle3"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("attn_backend", get_attn_backend_list_based_on_platform())
@pytest.mark.parametrize("pp_size", [1, 2])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_distinct_embed_tokens", [True, False])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_distinct_lm_head", [True, False])
@mock.patch("vllm.v1.spec_decode.eagle.get_pp_group")
@mock.patch("vllm.v1.spec_decode.eagle.get_layers_from_vllm_config")
@mock.patch("vllm.v1.spec_decode.eagle.get_model")
def test_load_model(
    mock_get_model,
    mock_get_layers,
    mock_get_pp_group,
    method,
    attn_backend,
    pp_size,
    use_distinct_embed_tokens,
    use_distinct_lm_head,
    monkeypatch,
):
    if attn_backend == "TRITON_ATTN" and not current_platform.is_rocm():
        pytest.skip(
            "TRITON_ATTN does not support "
            "multi-token eagle spec decode on current platform"
        )

    if attn_backend == "ROCM_AITER_FA" and current_platform.is_rocm():
        monkeypatch.setenv("VLLM_ROCM_USE_AITER", "1")

    # Setup draft model mock
    mock_model = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_model.model = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_model.has_own_embed_tokens = use_distinct_embed_tokens
    if use_distinct_embed_tokens:
        mock_model.model.embed_tokens = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_model.has_own_lm_head = use_distinct_lm_head
    if use_distinct_lm_head:
        mock_model.lm_head = mock.MagicMock()

    mock_get_model.return_value = mock_model

    # Setup mocks for attention layers
    target_attn_layers = {
        "target_attn_1": mock.MagicMock(),
        "target_attn_2": mock.MagicMock(),
    }
    target_indx_layers: dict[str, mock.MagicMock] = {}
    # Draft model has one extra attention layer compared to target model
    all_attn_layers = {**target_attn_layers, "draft_extra_attn": mock.MagicMock()}

    all_indx_layers: dict[str, mock.MagicMock] = {}

    # Make mock_get_layers return different values for each call
    mock_get_layers.side_effect = [
        target_attn_layers,
        target_indx_layers,
        all_attn_layers,
        all_indx_layers,
    ]

    # Setup mock for pp group to return the appropriate value for world size
    mock_pp_group = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_pp_group.world_size = pp_size
    mock_get_pp_group.return_value = mock_pp_group

    # Set up the target model mock with a custom class so that
    # isinstance() checks match the expected type.
    class _TargetModelStub(LlamaForCausalLM):
        model: mock.MagicMock
        lm_head: mock.MagicMock

    target_model = mock.create_autospec(_TargetModelStub, instance=True)
    target_model.model = mock.MagicMock()
    target_model.lm_head = mock.MagicMock()
    target_model.model.embed_tokens = mock.MagicMock()

    from vllm.model_executor.models import SupportsMultiModal

    assert not isinstance(target_model, SupportsMultiModal)

    # Create proposer using the helper function
    proposer = _create_proposer(
        method, num_speculative_tokens=8, attention_backend=attn_backend
    )

    # Call the method under test
    proposer.load_model(target_model)

    # Verify common interactions
    mock_get_model.assert_called_once()

    # Verify that the lm head is set correctly
    if use_distinct_lm_head:
        assert proposer.model.lm_head is not target_model.lm_head
    else:
        assert proposer.model.lm_head is target_model.lm_head

    # Verify that the embed tokens are set correctly
    # If pp_size is > 1, the embed tokens should be distinct
    if pp_size > 1 or use_distinct_embed_tokens:
        assert proposer.model.model.embed_tokens is not target_model.model.embed_tokens
    else:
        assert proposer.model.model.embed_tokens is target_model.model.embed_tokens


@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["eagle", "eagle3"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("attn_backend", get_attn_backend_list_based_on_platform())
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_speculative_tokens", [1, 3, 8])
def test_propose(method, attn_backend, num_speculative_tokens, monkeypatch):
    if attn_backend == "TRITON_ATTN" and not current_platform.is_rocm():
        pytest.skip(
            "TRITON_ATTN does not support "
            "multi-token eagle spec decode on current platform"
        )

    if attn_backend == "TREE_ATTN":
        pytest.skip(
            "TREE_ATTN is tested separately in test_propose_tree"
            "because it requires special input mocking."
        )

    if attn_backend == "ROCM_AITER_FA" and current_platform.is_rocm():
        monkeypatch.setenv("VLLM_ROCM_USE_AITER", "1")

    # Use GPU device
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    # Setup test parameters
    batch_size = 2
    seq_len_1 = 5
    seq_len_2 = 3
    total_tokens = seq_len_1 + seq_len_2
    vocab_size = 100
    seq_lens = [seq_len_1, seq_len_2]

    # Create proposer first so we can use its actual hidden_size
    proposer = _create_proposer(
        "eagle", num_speculative_tokens, attention_backend=attn_backend
    )
    # Get the hidden_size from the proposer to ensure consistency
    hidden_size = proposer.hidden_size

    # Helper to create deterministic logits that will produce specific tokens
    def create_deterministic_logits(token_ids):
        logits = torch.full((batch_size, vocab_size), -100.0, device=device)
        for i, token_id in enumerate(token_ids):
            logits[i, token_id] = 100.0
        return logits

    # We mock a model that returns deterministic logits
    # Sequence 1: 42, 43, 44, ...
    # Sequence 2: 60, 61, 62, ...
    base_token_ids = [42, 60]

    # Skip loading the model and replace it with a mock directly
    # Create the mock model with deterministic outputs
    model_mock = mock.MagicMock()

    # Setup for model forward calls
    forward_returns = []
    for i in range(num_speculative_tokens):
        if i == 0:
            # First call uses all tokens
            h_logits = torch.zeros(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device)
            h_states = torch.zeros(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device)
        else:
            # Subsequent calls use batch_size tokens
            h_logits = torch.zeros(batch_size, hidden_size, device=device)
            h_states = torch.zeros(batch_size, hidden_size, device=device)
        forward_returns.append((h_logits, h_states))

    # For single token case, we only need the first item;
    # for multi-token, we need the sequence
    if num_speculative_tokens == 1:
        model_mock.return_value = forward_returns[0]
    else:
        model_mock.side_effect = forward_returns

    # Setup for compute_logits calls
    logits_returns = []
    for i in range(num_speculative_tokens):
        # For each call, increment the base token IDs
        current_tokens = [base_id + i for base_id in base_token_ids]
        logits_returns.append(create_deterministic_logits(current_tokens))

    if num_speculative_tokens == 1:
        model_mock.compute_logits.return_value = logits_returns[0]
    else:
        model_mock.compute_logits.side_effect = logits_returns

    # Assign the mock to the proposer
    proposer.model = model_mock

    # Assign draft attn_layer_names since load_model is not invoked
    proposer._draft_attn_layer_names = {"layer.0"}

    # Create input tensors
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=seq_lens,
        query_lens=seq_lens,
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
    )

    target_token_ids = torch.randint(0, vocab_size, (total_tokens,), device=device)
    target_positions = torch.cat(
        [torch.arange(seq_len_1, device=device), torch.arange(seq_len_2, device=device)]
    )
    target_hidden_states = torch.randn(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device)
    next_token_ids = torch.randint(
        0, vocab_size, (batch_size,), dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    sampling_metadata = mock.MagicMock()

    if attn_backend == "FLASH_ATTN":
        attn_metadata_builder_cls, _ = try_get_attention_backend(
            AttentionBackendEnum.FLASH_ATTN
        )
    elif attn_backend == "TRITON_ATTN":
        attn_metadata_builder_cls, _ = try_get_attention_backend(
            AttentionBackendEnum.TRITON_ATTN
        )
    elif attn_backend == "TREE_ATTN":
        attn_metadata_builder_cls, _ = try_get_attention_backend(
            AttentionBackendEnum.TREE_ATTN
        )
    elif attn_backend == "ROCM_AITER_FA":
        attn_metadata_builder_cls, _ = try_get_attention_backend(
            AttentionBackendEnum.ROCM_AITER_FA
        )
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported attention backend: {attn_backend}")

    attn_metadata_builder = attn_metadata_builder_cls(
        kv_cache_spec=create_standard_kv_cache_spec(proposer.vllm_config),
        layer_names=proposer._draft_attn_layer_names,
        vllm_config=proposer.vllm_config,
        device=device,
    )

    # Mock runner and draft_attn_groups for attention metadata building
    proposer.runner = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group.get_metadata_builder.return_value = attn_metadata_builder
    mock_attn_group.layer_names = list(proposer._draft_attn_layer_names)
    mock_attn_group.kv_cache_spec = attn_metadata_builder.kv_cache_spec
    proposer.draft_attn_groups = [mock_attn_group]

    result = proposer.propose(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        common_attn_metadata=common_attn_metadata,
        sampling_metadata=sampling_metadata,
    )

    assert result.shape == (batch_size, num_speculative_tokens)

    # Create expected tokens based on our token pattern
    if num_speculative_tokens == 1:
        # Example for num_speculative_tokens=1:
        # [[42], [60]]
        expected_tokens = torch.tensor(
            [[base_token_ids[0]], [base_token_ids[1]]], device=device
        )
    else:
        # Example for num_speculative_tokens=3:
        # [[42, 43, 44], [60, 61, 62]]
        expected_tokens = torch.zeros(
            (batch_size, num_speculative_tokens), dtype=torch.int64, device=device
        )
        for i in range(batch_size):
            for j in range(num_speculative_tokens):
                expected_tokens[i, j] = base_token_ids[i] + j

    # Verify all tokens match our expectations
    assert torch.equal(result, expected_tokens)


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "spec_token_tree",
    [
        [(0,)],  # A single token
        [(0,), (0, 0), (0, 0, 0)],  # Chain
        [(0,), (1,), (2,)],  # Parallel
        [(0,), (1,), (2,), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0), (2, 1)],  # Tree
    ],
)
def test_propose_tree(spec_token_tree):
    # Get GPU device.
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    # Setup test parameters.
    batch_size = 2
    seq_len_1 = 5
    seq_len_2 = 3
    total_tokens = seq_len_1 + seq_len_2
    vocab_size = 100
    seq_lens = [seq_len_1, seq_len_2]
    num_speculative_tokens = len(spec_token_tree)

    # Create proposer first so we can use its actual hidden_size.
    proposer = _create_proposer(
        "eagle",
        num_speculative_tokens,
        speculative_token_tree=spec_token_tree,
    )
    # Get the hidden_size from the proposer to ensure consistency.
    hidden_size = proposer.hidden_size

    # Helper to create deterministic logits that will produce specific tokens
    def create_deterministic_logits(token_ids, k: int):
        logits = torch.full((batch_size, vocab_size), -100.0, device=device)
        for i, token_id in enumerate(token_ids):
            # Assign decreasing values to the k, consecutive, tokens.
            for j in range(k):
                logits[i, token_id + j] = 100.0 - j
        return logits

    # Mock a model that returns deterministic logits.
    base_token_ids = torch.tensor([42, 60], dtype=torch.int64, device=device)

    # Skip loading the model and replace it with a mock that returns
    # deterministic outputs.
    model_mock = mock.MagicMock()

    # Mock the model forward calls.
    forward_returns = [
        (
            torch.zeros(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device),
            torch.zeros(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device),
        )
    ]
    for cu_num_drafts in proposer.cu_drafts_per_level:
        h_logits = torch.zeros(batch_size * cu_num_drafts, hidden_size, device=device)
        h_states = torch.zeros(batch_size * cu_num_drafts, hidden_size, device=device)
        forward_returns.append((h_logits, h_states))
    model_mock.side_effect = forward_returns

    # Mock the compute_logits calls.
    cu_num_drafts_tensor = torch.tensor(
        [0] + proposer.cu_drafts_per_level, dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    logits_returns = []
    for level, num_children in enumerate(proposer.child_drafts_per_level):
        token_ids = base_token_ids + cu_num_drafts_tensor[level]
        level_num_drafts = cu_num_drafts_tensor[level + 1] - cu_num_drafts_tensor[level]
        level_logits = []
        for i in range(level_num_drafts // num_children):
            level_logits.append(
                create_deterministic_logits(token_ids + i * num_children, num_children)
            )
        logits_returns.append(torch.stack(level_logits, dim=1))
    model_mock.compute_logits.side_effect = logits_returns

    # Assign the mock to the proposer
    proposer.model = model_mock

    # Assign draft attn_layer_names since load_model is not invoked
    proposer._draft_attn_layer_names = {"layer.0"}

    # Get the tree attention metadata builder.
    attn_metadata_builder_cls, _ = try_get_attention_backend(
        AttentionBackendEnum.TREE_ATTN
    )
    attn_metadata_builder = attn_metadata_builder_cls(
        kv_cache_spec=create_standard_kv_cache_spec(proposer.vllm_config),
        layer_names=proposer._draft_attn_layer_names,
        vllm_config=proposer.vllm_config,
        device=device,
    )

    # Mock runner and draft_attn_groups for attention metadata building.
    proposer.runner = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group = mock.MagicMock()
    mock_attn_group.get_metadata_builder.return_value = attn_metadata_builder
    mock_attn_group.layer_names = list(proposer._draft_attn_layer_names)
    mock_attn_group.kv_cache_spec = attn_metadata_builder.kv_cache_spec
    proposer.draft_attn_groups = [mock_attn_group]

    # Setup inputs for the proposer.
    target_token_ids = torch.randint(0, vocab_size, (total_tokens,), device=device)
    target_positions = torch.cat(
        [torch.arange(seq_len_1, device=device), torch.arange(seq_len_2, device=device)]
    )
    target_hidden_states = torch.randn(total_tokens, hidden_size, device=device)
    next_token_ids = torch.randint(
        0, vocab_size, (batch_size,), dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=seq_lens,
        query_lens=seq_lens,
    )
    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
    )
    sampling_metadata = mock.MagicMock()

    # Propose draft tokens.
    result = proposer.propose(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        common_attn_metadata=common_attn_metadata,
        sampling_metadata=sampling_metadata,
    )
    assert result.shape == (batch_size, num_speculative_tokens)

    # The tokens are expected to be consecutive integers starting
    # from the base token IDs.
    expected_tokens = base_token_ids[:, None] + torch.arange(
        num_speculative_tokens, dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )

    # Verify that the draft tokens match our expectations.
    assert torch.equal(result, expected_tokens)


def test_set_inputs_first_pass_dflash():
    """
    Test for DFlash set_inputs_first_pass.

    DFlash uses cross-attention: context tokens become K/V and only
    query tokens (bonus + mask) are Q. This tests the DFlash-specific
    input preparation where:
    - Context hidden states are stored by reference (no copy)
    - Query input_ids are [next_token, mask, mask, ...] per request
    - Context and query positions are written to separate buffers
    - token_indices_to_sample points to mask token positions only
    - A new CommonAttentionMetadata is returned with causal=False

    Setup:
    - 3 requests with query_lens [3, 2, 4]
    - num_speculative_tokens = 3
    - num_query_per_req = 4 (1 bonus + 3 mask tokens)
    - next_token_ids: [100, 200, 300]

    Expected output layout (query tokens only, 12 total):
    Request 0 (indices 0-3): [100, mask, mask, mask]
    Request 1 (indices 4-7): [200, mask, mask, mask]
    Request 2 (indices 8-11): [300, mask, mask, mask]

    Expected positions layout (separate buffers):
    Context (_context_positions_buffer, 9 tokens): copied from target_positions
    Query (positions, 12 tokens):
      Request 0: last_pos=9, query=[10, 11, 12, 13]
      Request 1: last_pos=7, query=[8, 9, 10, 11]
      Request 2: last_pos=11, query=[12, 13, 14, 15]
    """
    device = torch.device(current_platform.device_type)

    num_speculative_tokens = 3
    proposer = _create_proposer("dflash", num_speculative_tokens)
    mask_token_id = proposer.parallel_drafting_token_id

    # Setup batch with 3 requests
    batch_spec = BatchSpec(
        seq_lens=[10, 8, 12],
        query_lens=[3, 2, 4],
    )

    common_attn_metadata = create_common_attn_metadata(
        batch_spec,
        block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
        device=device,
        arange_block_indices=True,
    )

    # Input tensors
    # Request 0: tokens [10, 11, 12] at positions [7, 8, 9]
    # Request 1: tokens [20, 21] at positions [6, 7]
    # Request 2: tokens [30, 31, 32, 33] at positions [8, 9, 10, 11]
    target_token_ids = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 12, 20, 21, 30, 31, 32, 33], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    target_positions = torch.tensor(
        [7, 8, 9, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11], dtype=torch.int64, device=device
    )
    target_hidden_states = torch.randn(
        9, proposer.hidden_size, dtype=proposer.dtype, device=device
    )
    next_token_ids = torch.tensor([100, 200, 300], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)

    num_tokens, token_indices_to_sample, output_cad = proposer.set_inputs_first_pass(
        target_token_ids=target_token_ids,
        next_token_ids=next_token_ids,
        target_positions=target_positions,
        target_hidden_states=target_hidden_states,
        token_indices_to_sample=None,
        cad=common_attn_metadata,
        num_rejected_tokens_gpu=None,
    )

    num_query_per_req = 1 + num_speculative_tokens  # 4
    num_context = 9

    # num_tokens is the query-only count
    assert num_tokens == 3 * num_query_per_req  # 12

    # Verify input_ids (query tokens only)
    # Each request: [next_token, mask, mask, mask]
    M = mask_token_id
    expected_input_ids = torch.tensor(
        [100, M, M, M, 200, M, M, M, 300, M, M, M],
        dtype=torch.int32,
        device=device,
    )
    assert torch.equal(proposer.input_ids[:num_tokens], expected_input_ids)

    # Verify context positions (separate buffer): copied from target_positions
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer._context_positions_buffer[:num_context], target_positions
    )

    # Verify query positions (separate buffer, starts at index 0):
    # req0: last_pos=9,  query=[10, 11, 12, 13]
    # req1: last_pos=7,  query=[8, 9, 10, 11]
    # req2: last_pos=11, query=[12, 13, 14, 15]
    expected_query_positions = torch.tensor(
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
        dtype=torch.int64,
        device=device,
    )
    assert torch.equal(
        proposer.positions[:num_tokens],
        expected_query_positions,
    )

    # Verify token_indices_to_sample (mask tokens only, skip bonus at offset 0)
    # req0: query indices 0-3, mask at 1,2,3
    # req1: query indices 4-7, mask at 5,6,7
    # req2: query indices 8-11, mask at 9,10,11
    expected_token_indices_to_sample = torch.tensor(
        [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(token_indices_to_sample, expected_token_indices_to_sample)

    # Verify the new CAD has DFlash-specific properties
    assert output_cad.causal is False  # DFlash requires non-causal attention
    assert output_cad.num_actual_tokens == num_tokens  # query-only count
    assert output_cad.max_query_len == num_query_per_req

    expected_query_start_loc = torch.tensor(
        [0, 4, 8, 12], dtype=torch.int32, device=device
    )
    assert torch.equal(output_cad.query_start_loc, expected_query_start_loc)

    # Verify hidden states (stored by reference, not copied)
    assert proposer._dflash_hidden_states is target_hidden_states