sequence.py

"""Sequence and its related classes."""
import copy
import enum
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from array import array
from collections import defaultdict
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import (TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, List, Mapping,
                    Optional, Set, Tuple, Union, cast)

import msgspec
import torch

from vllm.inputs.parse import is_valid_encoder_decoder_llm_inputs
from vllm.lora.request import LoRARequest
from vllm.pooling_params import PoolingParams
from vllm.prompt_adapter.request import PromptAdapterRequest
from vllm.sampling_params import SamplingParams
from vllm.spec_decode.metrics import SpecDecodeWorkerMetrics

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from vllm.inputs import LLMInputs
    from vllm.multimodal.base import MultiModalDataDict

VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE = "l"


# We use dataclass for now because it is used for
# openai server output, and msgspec is not serializable.
# TODO(sang): Fix it.
@dataclass
class Logprob:
    """Infos for supporting OpenAI compatible logprobs and token ranks.

    Attributes:
        logprob: The logprob of chosen token
        rank: The vocab rank of chosen token (>=1)
        decoded_token: The decoded chosen token index
    """
    logprob: float
    rank: Optional[int] = None
    decoded_token: Optional[str] = None


# {token_id -> logprob} per each sequence group. None if the corresponding
# sequence group doesn't require prompt logprob.
PromptLogprobs = List[Optional[Dict[int, Logprob]]]
# {token_id -> logprob} for each sequence group.
SampleLogprobs = List[Dict[int, Logprob]]


class SequenceStatus(enum.IntEnum):
    """Status of a sequence."""
    WAITING = 0
    RUNNING = 1
    SWAPPED = 2
    # Note: anything after SWAPPED (2) will be considered
    # as a finished status.
    FINISHED_STOPPED = 3
    FINISHED_LENGTH_CAPPED = 4
    FINISHED_ABORTED = 5
    FINISHED_IGNORED = 6

    @staticmethod
    def is_finished(status: "SequenceStatus") -> bool:
        return status > SequenceStatus.SWAPPED

    @staticmethod
    def get_finished_reason(status: "SequenceStatus") -> Union[str, None]:
        if status == SequenceStatus.FINISHED_STOPPED:
            finish_reason = "stop"
        elif status == SequenceStatus.FINISHED_LENGTH_CAPPED:
            finish_reason = "length"
        elif status == SequenceStatus.FINISHED_ABORTED:
            finish_reason = "abort"
        elif status == SequenceStatus.FINISHED_IGNORED:
            # The ignored sequences are the sequences whose prompt lengths
            # are longer than the model's length cap. Therefore, the stop
            # reason should also be "length" as in OpenAI API.
            finish_reason = "length"
        else:
            finish_reason = None
        return finish_reason


class SequenceStage(enum.Enum):
    PREFILL = enum.auto()
    DECODE = enum.auto()


@dataclass
class RequestMetrics:
    """Metrics associated with a request.

    Attributes:
        arrival_time: The time when the request arrived.
        first_scheduled_time: The time when the request was first scheduled.
        first_token_time: The time when the first token was generated.
        time_in_queue: The time the request spent in the queue.
        finished_time: The time when the request was finished.
        scheduler_time: The time spent in the scheduler when this request was
                        being considered by the scheduler.
        model_forward_time: The time spent in the model forward pass when this
                            request was in the batch.
        model_execute_time: The time spent in the model execute function. This
                            will include model forward, block/sync across
                            workers, cpu-gpu sync time and sampling time.
    """
    arrival_time: float
    last_token_time: float
    first_scheduled_time: Optional[float]
    first_token_time: Optional[float]
    time_in_queue: Optional[float]
    finished_time: Optional[float] = None
    scheduler_time: Optional[float] = None
    model_forward_time: Optional[float] = None
    model_execute_time: Optional[float] = None


class SequenceDataDelta(
        msgspec.Struct,
        array_like=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Delta SequenceData to send to workers per step."""
    # A new token to be appended to existing SequenceData.
    new_output_token_ids: List[int]
    # Overwriting existing `cumulative_logprob`
    new_cumulative_logprob: float
    # Overwriting existing `num_computed_tokens`.
    new_num_computed_tokens: int
    # Overwriting existing `stage`.
    new_stage: SequenceStage


class SequenceData(msgspec.Struct,
                   omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Data associated with a sequence.

    Args:
        prompt_token_ids: The token IDs of the prompt.
        output_token_ids: The token IDs of the output. Set to an empty list if
            None.

    Attributes:
        prompt_token_ids: The token IDs of the prompt.
        output_token_ids: The token IDs of the output.
        cumulative_logprob: The cumulative log probability of the output.
    """
    # NOTE: we cannot use Union[List, array] because msgspec cannot support
    # union of 2 list types.
    _prompt_token_ids: array
    _output_token_ids: array = msgspec.field(
        default_factory=lambda: array(VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE, []))

    ### The below fields should not be passed as an argument ###
    _cumulative_logprob: float = 0.0
    _prompt_token_ids_tuple: Tuple[int,
                                   ...] = msgspec.field(default_factory=tuple)
    # The number of tokens that are computed (that run against the model).
    _num_computed_tokens: int = 0
    _stage: SequenceStage = SequenceStage.PREFILL
    _cached_all_token_ids: List[int] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)

    # It is used to get delta input. It is reset when `get_delta_and_reset`
    # is called.
    _new_appended_tokens: List[int] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)

    # It is used to compute mrope_position_ids.
    _mrope_position_delta: Optional[int] = None

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        assert self._prompt_token_ids.typecode == "l"
        assert self._output_token_ids.typecode == "l"
        self._prompt_token_ids_tuple: Tuple[int, ...] = tuple(
            self._prompt_token_ids)
        self._update_cached_all_tokens()

    def _update_cached_all_tokens(self):
        assert isinstance(self._prompt_token_ids, array)
        assert isinstance(self._output_token_ids, array)
        self._cached_all_token_ids: List[int] = list(self._prompt_token_ids +
                                                     self._output_token_ids)

    @property
    def cumulative_logprob(self) -> float:
        return self._cumulative_logprob

    @property
    def prompt_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return self._prompt_token_ids_tuple

    @prompt_token_ids.setter
    def prompt_token_ids(self, new_prompt_token_ids) -> None:
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def prompt_token_ids_array(self) -> array:
        """Return the prompt token ids in array type.

        Note that the array is in "I" type, and it is not compatible
        with torch.long (2 bytes vs 4 bytes). So beware of the usage.
        """
        return self._prompt_token_ids

    @property
    def output_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return tuple(self._output_token_ids)

    @output_token_ids.setter
    def output_token_ids(self, new_output_token_ids: List[int]) -> None:
        self._output_token_ids = array(VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE,
                                       new_output_token_ids)
        self._update_cached_all_tokens()

    @property
    def output_token_ids_array(self) -> array:
        """Return the prompt token ids in array type.

        Note that the array is in "I" type, and it is not compatible
        with torch.long (2 bytes vs 4 bytes). So beware of the usage.
        """
        assert isinstance(self._output_token_ids, array)
        return self._output_token_ids

    @property
    def mrope_position_delta(self) -> Optional[int]:
        return self._mrope_position_delta

    @mrope_position_delta.setter
    def mrope_position_delta(self, new_mrope_position_delta):
        self._mrope_position_delta = new_mrope_position_delta

    def append_token_id(self, token_id: int, logprob: float) -> None:
        self._output_token_ids.append(token_id)
        self._new_appended_tokens.append(token_id)
        self._cached_all_token_ids.append(token_id)
        self._cumulative_logprob += logprob

    def get_len(self) -> int:
        return len(self._output_token_ids) + len(self._prompt_token_ids)

    def get_prompt_len(self) -> int:
        return len(self._prompt_token_ids)

    def get_output_len(self) -> int:
        return len(self._output_token_ids)

    def get_token_ids(self) -> List[int]:
        return self._cached_all_token_ids

    def get_prefix_token_ids(
            self, num_tokens: int
    ) -> Tuple[Tuple[int, ...], Optional[Tuple[int, ...]]]:
        """Get prefix tokens, and make the return value hashable"""
        prompt_length = self.get_prompt_len()
        if num_tokens > prompt_length:
            return (self._prompt_token_ids_tuple,
                    tuple(self._output_token_ids[:num_tokens - prompt_length]))
        else:
            return (self._prompt_token_ids_tuple[:num_tokens], None)

    def get_num_computed_tokens(self) -> int:
        """Return the number of prefill tokens that are already computed."""
        return self._num_computed_tokens

    def update_num_computed_tokens(self, num_new_computed_tokens: int):
        """Update number of tokens computed so far."""
        self._num_computed_tokens += num_new_computed_tokens
        assert self._num_computed_tokens <= self.get_len(), (
            self._num_computed_tokens, self.get_len())
        # If all tokens are computed, it means it is in decoding phase.
        if self.get_num_uncomputed_tokens() == 0:
            self._stage = SequenceStage.DECODE

    def reset_state_for_recompute(self) -> None:
        """Reset the number of computed tokens from this sequence. It is
        supposed to be called when a sequence needs to be started from
        the beginning again (e.g., sequence is preempted).
        """
        self._num_computed_tokens = 0
        self._stage = SequenceStage.PREFILL
        self._new_appended_tokens = []

    def get_num_uncomputed_tokens(self) -> int:
        """Return the number of prefill tokens that are not computed."""
        # we use `get_len()` which includes prompt_len + output_len instead
        # of prompt_len here. This is because during recompute we need to
        # prefill for both prompt and output.
        return self.get_len() - self.get_num_computed_tokens()

    def get_last_token_id(self) -> int:
        if not self._output_token_ids:
            return self._prompt_token_ids[-1]
        return self._output_token_ids[-1]

    def get_prompt_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return self.prompt_token_ids

    def get_output_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return self.output_token_ids

    def get_delta_and_reset(self) -> SequenceDataDelta:
        delta = SequenceDataDelta(self._new_appended_tokens,
                                  self._cumulative_logprob,
                                  self.get_num_computed_tokens(), self.stage)
        # Reset delta state.
        self._new_appended_tokens = []
        return delta

    def apply_delta(self, delta: SequenceDataDelta):
        self._num_computed_tokens = delta.new_num_computed_tokens
        self._cumulative_logprob = delta.new_cumulative_logprob
        self._stage = delta.new_stage
        self._output_token_ids.extend(delta.new_output_token_ids)
        self._cached_all_token_ids.extend(delta.new_output_token_ids)

    @property
    def stage(self) -> SequenceStage:
        return self._stage

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"SequenceData("
                f"prompt_token_ids={self._prompt_token_ids}, "
                f"output_token_ids={self.output_token_ids}, "
                f"cumulative_logprob={self.cumulative_logprob}, "
                f"get_num_computed_tokens={self.get_num_computed_tokens()}")


class Sequence:
    """Stores the data, status, and block information of a sequence.

    The sequence is constructed from the LLMInputs instance passed
    in through the `inputs` constructor argument.

    For encoder/decoder models, LLMInputs encapsulates both a
    decoder and encoder prompt, creating an ambiguity about which
    prompt to construct the sequence from. The `from_decoder_prompt`
    constructor argument signals whether to construct the Sequence
    from the LLMInputs decoder prompt, or encoder prompt.

    Args:
        seq_id: The ID of the sequence.
        inputs: The inputs of the sequence.
        block_size: The block size of the sequence. Should be the same as the
            block size used by the block manager and cache engine.
        eos_token_id: The end-of-sequence (EOS) token id recognized by this LLM.
        lora_request: LoRA request.
        prompt_adapter_request: Prompt Adapter request.
        from_decoder_prompt: Construct Sequence from LLMInputs decoder prompt
                             (True) or encoder prompt (False.) Must be True
                             for decoder-only model.

    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        seq_id: int,
        inputs: "LLMInputs",
        block_size: int,
        eos_token_id: Optional[int] = None,
        lora_request: Optional[LoRARequest] = None,
        prompt_adapter_request: Optional[PromptAdapterRequest] = None,
        from_decoder_prompt: bool = True,
    ) -> None:
        self.seq_id = seq_id
        self.inputs = inputs
        self.block_size = block_size
        self.eos_token_id = eos_token_id
        self.lora_request = lora_request
        self.prompt_adapter_request = prompt_adapter_request
        self.from_decoder_prompt = from_decoder_prompt
        self._prompt: Optional[str] = None
        self._prompt_token_ids: Optional[List[int]] = None

        # For decoder-only models, a Sequence is constructed
        # from an LLMInputs instance (the `inputs` arg.)
        #
        # For encoder/decoder models the same `inputs`
        # instance could be utilized to construct either an
        # encoder sequence or a decoder sequence, because
        # `LLMInputs` has both decoder- and encoder-oriented
        # member variables (i.e. it encapsulates both an encoder
        # and a decoder prompt.) The decision of which type of sequence
        # to generate is determined by the `from_decoder_prompt` argument.
        #
        # When constructing a encoder sequence
        # (`from_decoder_prompt` False) it matters that
        # the `LLMInputs` instance stored in `inputs` is valid
        # in the sense that its encoder-related member variables are
        # populated; below, an exception is raised if this is
        # not the case.
        #
        # When constructing a decoder sequence (`from_decoder_prompt` True)
        # it does not matter whether `inputs` has its encoder-related
        # member variables populated.
        if not (from_decoder_prompt
                or is_valid_encoder_decoder_llm_inputs(inputs)):
            raise ValueError("Cannot extract encoder input prompt from "
                             f"invalid input {inputs}; did you forget the "
                             "encoder input prompt fields?")

        self.data = SequenceData(
            array(VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE, self.prompt_token_ids))
        self.output_logprobs: SampleLogprobs = []
        self.output_text = ""

        self.status = SequenceStatus.WAITING
        self.stop_reason: Union[int, str, None] = None

        # Used for incremental detokenization
        self.prefix_offset = 0
        self.read_offset = 0
        # Input + output tokens
        self.tokens: Optional[List[str]] = None

    @property
    def n_blocks(self) -> int:
        return (self.get_len() + self.block_size - 1) // self.block_size

    @property
    def prompt(self) -> Optional[str]:
        if self._prompt is not None:
            # Reuse precomputed prompt string
            return self._prompt

        # Select decoder or encoder input prompt str,
        # as appropriate
        prompt_key: str = ("prompt"
                           if self.from_decoder_prompt else "encoder_prompt")

        # Cache prompt
        self._prompt = cast(Optional[str], self.inputs.get(prompt_key))
        return self._prompt

    @property
    def prompt_token_ids(self) -> List[int]:
        if self._prompt_token_ids is not None:
            # Reuse precomputed prompt token ids
            return self._prompt_token_ids

        # Select decoder or encoder input prompt
        # token ids, as appropriate
        prompt_token_ids_key: str = ("prompt_token_ids"
                                     if self.from_decoder_prompt else
                                     "encoder_prompt_token_ids")

        # Cache computed prompt token ids
        self._prompt_token_ids = cast(List[int],
                                      self.inputs.get(prompt_token_ids_key))
        return self._prompt_token_ids

    @property
    def multi_modal_data(self) -> "MultiModalDataDict":
        return self.inputs.get("multi_modal_data") or {}

    @property
    def lora_int_id(self) -> int:
        return self.lora_request.lora_int_id if self.lora_request else 0

    @property
    def prompt_adapter_id(self) -> int:
        return self.prompt_adapter_request.prompt_adapter_id \
                        if self.prompt_adapter_request else 0

    def get_output_text_to_return(self, buffer_length: int):
        # We return the full output text if the sequence is finished.
        truncate = buffer_length and not self.is_finished()
        return self.output_text[:-buffer_length] if truncate else (
            self.output_text)

    def hash_of_block(self, logical_idx: int) -> int:
        # TODO This can produce incorrect hash when block size > prompt size

        # Compute the number of tokens in the sequence
        # TODO: The current hashing function is O(L^2). We should optimize
        # this in the future.
        num_tokens = self.num_hashed_tokens_of_block(logical_idx)
        hashed_tokens = self.data.get_prefix_token_ids(num_tokens)
        return hash((hashed_tokens, self.lora_int_id))

    def num_hashed_tokens_of_block(self, logical_idx: int):
        return logical_idx * self.block_size + self.block_size

    def reset_state_for_recompute(self):
        """Reset the sequence states for recomputation."""
        self.data.reset_state_for_recompute()

    def append_token_id(self, token_id: int, logprobs: Dict[int,
                                                            Logprob]) -> None:
        assert token_id in logprobs
        self.output_logprobs.append(logprobs)
        self.data.append_token_id(token_id, logprobs[token_id].logprob)

    def get_len(self) -> int:
        return self.data.get_len()

    def get_prompt_len(self) -> int:
        return self.data.get_prompt_len()

    def get_output_len(self) -> int:
        return self.data.get_output_len()

    def get_token_ids(self) -> List[int]:
        return self.data.get_token_ids()

    def get_prompt_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return self.data.get_prompt_token_ids()

    def get_last_token_id(self) -> int:
        return self.data.get_last_token_id()

    def get_output_token_ids(self) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        return self.data.get_output_token_ids()

    def get_cumulative_logprob(self) -> float:
        return self.data.cumulative_logprob

    def get_beam_search_score(self,
                              length_penalty: float = 1.0,
                              seq_len: Optional[int] = None,
                              eos_token_id: Optional[int] = None) -> float:
        """Calculate the beam search score with length penalty.

        Adapted from

        https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/ccb92be23def445f2afdea94c31286f84b89eb5b/src/transformers/generation/beam_search.py#L938
        """
        if seq_len is None:
            seq_len = self.get_len()
            # NOTE: HF implementation does not count the EOS token
            # towards the length, we align with that here for testing.
            if (eos_token_id is not None
                    and self.get_last_token_id() == eos_token_id):
                seq_len -= 1
        return self.get_cumulative_logprob() / (seq_len**length_penalty)

    def is_finished(self) -> bool:
        return SequenceStatus.is_finished(self.status)

    def fork(self, new_seq_id: int) -> "Sequence":
        new_seq = copy.deepcopy(self)
        new_seq.seq_id = new_seq_id
        return new_seq

    def get_num_new_tokens(self) -> int:
        """Get the number of new tokens to be computed.

        Returns:
            The new number of tokens to be computed. I.e., 1 for decode, or
            the remaining prompt size for prefill.
        """
        if self.data.stage == SequenceStage.DECODE:
            return 1
        return self.data.get_num_uncomputed_tokens()

    def is_prefill(self) -> bool:
        return self.data.stage == SequenceStage.PREFILL

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"Sequence(seq_id={self.seq_id}, "
                f"status={self.status.name}, "
                f"num_blocks={self.n_blocks}, ")


class SequenceGroupState(msgspec.Struct,
                         omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Mutable state tied to a specific sequence group"""

    # for multi-step decoding
    num_steps: int = 1
    current_step: int = 0

    @property
    def remaining_steps(self) -> int:
        return self.num_steps - self.current_step


class SequenceGroup:
    """A group of sequences that are generated from the same prompt.

    Args:
        request_id: The ID of the request.
        seqs: The list of sequences.
        sampling_params: The sampling parameters used to generate the outputs.
        arrival_time: The arrival time of the request.
        lora_request: LoRA request.
        embeddings: The embeddings vectors of the prompt of the sequence group
            for an embedding model.
        pooling_params: The pooling parameters used to generate the pooling
            for an embedding model.
        encoder_seq: Optional, the single encoder sequence. Should be None
                     unless you are working with an encoder/decoder model.
        trace_headers: OpenTelemetry trace headers.
        prompt_adapter_request: Prompt Adapter request.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        request_id: str,
        seqs: List[Sequence],
        arrival_time: float,
        sampling_params: Optional[SamplingParams] = None,
        lora_request: Optional[LoRARequest] = None,
        embeddings: Optional[List[float]] = None,
        pooling_params: Optional[PoolingParams] = None,
        encoder_seq: Optional[Sequence] = None,
        trace_headers: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
        prompt_adapter_request: Optional[PromptAdapterRequest] = None,
    ) -> None:
        self.request_id = request_id
        self.seqs = seqs
        self.is_single_seq = len(seqs) == 1
        self.seqs_dict = {seq.seq_id: seq for seq in seqs}

        self.sampling_params = sampling_params
        self.metrics = RequestMetrics(arrival_time=arrival_time,
                                      last_token_time=arrival_time,
                                      first_scheduled_time=None,
                                      first_token_time=None,
                                      time_in_queue=None)
        self.lora_request = lora_request
        self.prompt_logprobs: Optional[PromptLogprobs] = None
        self.state = SequenceGroupState()
        self.embeddings = embeddings
        self.pooling_params = pooling_params
        self.prompt_adapter_request = prompt_adapter_request
        self.encoder_seq = encoder_seq
        self.trace_headers = trace_headers

    @property
    def prompt(self) -> Optional[str]:
        # All sequences in the group should have the same prompt.
        # We use the prompt of an arbitrary sequence.
        return self.seqs[0].prompt

    @property
    def prompt_token_ids(self) -> List[int]:
        # All sequences in the group should have the same prompt.
        # We use the prompt of an arbitrary sequence.
        return self.seqs[0].prompt_token_ids

    @property
    def encoder_prompt(self) -> Optional[str]:
        # There are either 0 or 1 encoder sequences
        # If one is present, its prompt is distinct
        # from the decoder's.
        return (self.encoder_seq.prompt
                if self.encoder_seq is not None else None)

    @property
    def encoder_prompt_token_ids(self) -> Optional[List[int]]:
        # There are either 0 or 1 encoder sequences
        # If one is present, its prompt token ids are
        # distinct from the decoder's.
        return (self.encoder_seq.prompt_token_ids
                if self.encoder_seq is not None else None)

    @property
    def multi_modal_data(self) -> "MultiModalDataDict":
        # All sequences in the group should have the same multi-modal data.
        # We use the multi-modal data of an arbitrary sequence.
        return self.seqs[0].multi_modal_data

    @property
    def lora_int_id(self) -> int:
        return self.lora_request.lora_int_id if self.lora_request else 0

    @property
    def prompt_adapter_id(self) -> int:
        return self.prompt_adapter_request.prompt_adapter_id \
                        if self.prompt_adapter_request else 0

    @property
    def prompt_adapter_num_virtual_tokens(self) -> int:
        return self.prompt_adapter_request.prompt_adapter_num_virtual_tokens\
                         if self.prompt_adapter_request else 0

    def init_multi_step(self, num_scheduler_steps: int) -> None:
        self.state.num_steps = num_scheduler_steps
        self.state.current_step = 0

    def get_last_latency(self, now: float) -> Optional[float]:
        """Sets the last token time for Request level timings."""
        # If still in prefill phase, raise Error.
        if self.is_prefill():
            raise ValueError(
                "seq_group.get_last_latency() should not be called "
                "if the seq_group is in prefill phase.")

        # Otherwise return token latency.
        latency = now - self.metrics.last_token_time
        self.metrics.last_token_time = now
        return latency

    def maybe_set_first_token_time(self, time: float) -> None:
        """Sets the first token time for Request level timings."""
        # Note: in a case where a sequence_group is swapped and
        #   recomputed, the time between iterations is counted
        #   in TPOT, rather than recalculating TTFT (since from the )
        #   POV of the user, there is simply a long generation delay.
        if (self.metrics.first_token_time is None
                and self.seqs[0].get_output_len() == 1):
            self.metrics.first_token_time = time

    def maybe_set_first_scheduled_time(self, time: float) -> None:
        """Sets the first scheduled time and time in queue for Request
        level timings."""
        if self.metrics.first_scheduled_time is None:
            self.metrics.first_scheduled_time = time
            self.metrics.time_in_queue = time - self.metrics.arrival_time

    def set_finished_time(self, time: Optional[float]) -> None:
        """Sets the finished time for Request level timings."""
        self.metrics.finished_time = time

    def get_max_num_running_seqs(self) -> int:
        """The maximum number of sequences running in parallel in the remaining
        lifetime of the request."""
        if self.sampling_params and self.sampling_params.use_beam_search:
            # For beam search, maximally there will always be `best_of` beam
            # candidates running in the future.
            best_of = self.sampling_params.best_of
            assert isinstance(best_of, int)
            return best_of
        else:
            if self.sampling_params:
                best_of = self.sampling_params.best_of
                assert isinstance(best_of, int)
                if best_of > self.num_seqs():
                    # At prompt stage, the sequence group is not yet filled up
                    # and only have one sequence running. However, in the
                    # generation stage, we will have `best_of` sequences
                    # running.
                    return best_of
            # At sampling stages, return the number of actual sequences
            # that are not finished yet.
            return self.num_unfinished_seqs()

    def get_seqs(
        self,
        status: Optional[SequenceStatus] = None,
    ) -> List[Sequence]:
        if status is None:
            return self.seqs

        if self.is_single_seq:
            return self.seqs if self.seqs[0].status == status else []

        return [seq for seq in self.seqs if seq.status == status]

    def is_encoder_decoder(self) -> bool:
        return self.encoder_seq is not None

    def get_encoder_seq(self) -> Optional[Sequence]:
        return self.encoder_seq

    def get_unfinished_seqs(self) -> List[Sequence]:
        if self.is_single_seq:
            return self.seqs if not self.seqs[0].is_finished() else []

        return [seq for seq in self.seqs if not seq.is_finished()]

    def get_finished_seqs(self) -> List[Sequence]:
        if self.is_single_seq:
            return self.seqs if self.seqs[0].is_finished() else []

        return [seq for seq in self.seqs if seq.is_finished()]

    def update_num_computed_tokens(self, num_new_computed_tokens: int):
        """Update number of tokens computed so far."""
        for seq in self.seqs:
            if not seq.is_finished():
                seq.data.update_num_computed_tokens(num_new_computed_tokens)

    def get_num_uncomputed_tokens(self) -> int:
        num_uncomputed_tokens = 0
        for seq in self.seqs:
            if not seq.is_finished():
                num_uncomputed_tokens += seq.data.get_num_uncomputed_tokens()
        return num_uncomputed_tokens

    def num_seqs(self, status: Optional[SequenceStatus] = None) -> int:
        # Optimization. We don't need to call get_seqs if we don't need to
        # filter by states.
        if status is None:
            return len(self.seqs)

        if self.is_single_seq:
            return 1 if self.seqs[0].status == status else 0

        return len(self.get_seqs(status))

    def num_unfinished_seqs(self) -> int:
        if self.is_single_seq:
            return 1 if not self.seqs[0].is_finished() else 0

        return len(self.get_unfinished_seqs())

    def num_finished_seqs(self) -> int:
        if self.is_single_seq:
            return 1 if self.seqs[0].is_finished() else 0

        return len(self.get_finished_seqs())

    def find(self, seq_id: int) -> Sequence:
        if seq_id not in self.seqs_dict:
            raise ValueError(f"Sequence {seq_id} not found.")
        return self.seqs_dict[seq_id]

    def add(self, seq: Sequence) -> None:
        if seq.seq_id in self.seqs_dict:
            raise ValueError(f"Sequence {seq.seq_id} already exists.")
        self.seqs_dict[seq.seq_id] = seq
        self.seqs.append(seq)
        self.is_single_seq = len(self.seqs) == 1

    def remove(self, seq_id: int) -> None:
        seq = self.seqs_dict.pop(seq_id, None)
        if seq is None:
            raise ValueError(f"Sequence {seq_id} not found.")
        self.seqs.remove(seq)
        self.is_single_seq = len(self.seqs) == 1

    def is_finished(self) -> bool:
        if self.is_single_seq:
            return self.seqs[0].is_finished()

        return all(seq.is_finished() for seq in self.seqs)

    def is_prefill(self) -> bool:
        # Every sequence should be in the same stage.
        return self.seqs[0].is_prefill()

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"SequenceGroup(request_id={self.request_id}, "
                f"sampling_params={self.sampling_params}, "
                f"num_seqs={len(self.seqs)})")


class SequenceGroupMetadataDelta(
        msgspec.Struct,
        tag=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Delta of SequenceGroupMetadata.

    After sending the first SequenceGroupMetadata, vLLM scheduler
    only sends delta to reduce the data payload size.
    """
    seq_data_delta: Dict[int, SequenceDataDelta]
    request_id: str
    block_tables: Dict[int, List[int]]
    is_prompt: bool
    do_sample: bool = True
    token_chunk_size: Optional[int] = None
    computed_block_nums: Optional[List[int]] = None
    state: Optional[SequenceGroupState] = msgspec.field(
        default_factory=lambda: SequenceGroupState())


class SequenceGroupMetadata(
        msgspec.Struct,
        tag=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Metadata for a sequence group. Used to create `AttentionMetadata`.

    Args:
        request_id: The ID of the request.
        is_prompt: Whether the request is at prompt stage.
        seq_data: The sequence data. (Seq id -> sequence data)
        sampling_params: The sampling parameters used to generate the outputs.
        block_tables: The block tables. (Seq id -> list of physical block
            numbers)
        do_sample: True if sampling is required. Sampling is not required when
            e.g., prefill is chunked, and the current iteration only computes
            query tokens for prefill, we don't need sampling.
        token_chunk_size: The number of tokens to be processed (per sequence).
            None if chunking is not required.
        lora_request: LoRA request.
        computed_block_nums: The block numbers that are already computed,
            used in prefix caching.
        state: Internal state tied to this sequence group.
        multi_modal_data: Multi modal data.
        encoder_seq_data: Optional sequence data for encoder prompt
                          (SequenceGroup.encoder_seq). Should be None 
                          unless you are working with an encoder/decoder
                          model.
        cross_block_table: Optional cross-attention block table associated
                           with the encoder prompt
                           (SequenceGroup.encoder_seq). Should be None
                           unless you are working with an encoder/decoder
                           model.
        prompt_adapter_request: Prompt Adapter request.
    """

    request_id: str
    is_prompt: bool
    seq_data: Dict[int, SequenceData]
    sampling_params: Optional[SamplingParams]
    block_tables: Dict[int, List[int]]
    do_sample: bool = True
    pooling_params: Optional[PoolingParams] = None
    lora_request: Optional[LoRARequest] = None
    computed_block_nums: Optional[List[int]] = None
    state: Optional[SequenceGroupState] = msgspec.field(
        default_factory=lambda: SequenceGroupState())
    # "MultiModalDataDict" types. We have to use Any due to msgspec
    # doesn't allow to have union of 2 different dicts.
    multi_modal_data: Optional[Any] = None
    encoder_seq_data: Optional[SequenceData] = None
    cross_block_table: Optional[List[int]] = None
    prompt_adapter_request: Optional[PromptAdapterRequest] = None
    token_chunk_size: Optional[int] = None

    ### Stateful fields that are lazily defined. ###
    # The number of speculative tokens adopted in this request.
    # None means specuative decoding is not used.
    # Zero means speculative decoding is disabled for some reasons.
    # TODO: We should maintain this states out of the sequence group.
    num_speculative_tokens: Optional[int] = None

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.seq_data is not None and self.token_chunk_size is None:
            if self.is_prompt:
                self.token_chunk_size = next(iter(
                    self.seq_data.values())).get_len()
            else:
                self.token_chunk_size = 1

    @property
    def lora_int_id(self) -> int:
        return self.lora_request.lora_int_id if self.lora_request else 0

    @property
    def prompt_adapter_id(self) -> int:
        return self.prompt_adapter_request.prompt_adapter_id \
                        if self.prompt_adapter_request else 0

    @property
    def prompt_adapter_num_virtual_tokens(self) -> int:
        return self.prompt_adapter_request.prompt_adapter_num_virtual_tokens \
                        if self.prompt_adapter_request else 0

    def apply_delta(self,
                    sequence_group_metadata_delta: SequenceGroupMetadataDelta):
        for id, delta in sequence_group_metadata_delta.seq_data_delta.items():
            self.seq_data[id].apply_delta(delta)
        assert self.request_id == sequence_group_metadata_delta.request_id
        self.block_tables = sequence_group_metadata_delta.block_tables
        self.token_chunk_size = sequence_group_metadata_delta.token_chunk_size
        self.do_sample = sequence_group_metadata_delta.do_sample
        self.is_prompt = sequence_group_metadata_delta.is_prompt

    def finish_step(self) -> None:
        assert self.state is not None
        assert self.state.current_step < self.state.num_steps
        self.state.current_step += 1


class SequenceOutput(
        msgspec.Struct,
        omit_defaults=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """The model output associated with a sequence.

    Args:
        parent_seq_id: The ID of the parent sequence (for forking in beam
            search).
        output_token: The output token ID.
        logprobs: The logprobs of the output token.
            (Token id -> logP(x_i+1 | x_0, ..., x_i))
    """
    parent_seq_id: int
    output_token: int
    logprobs: Dict[int, Logprob]

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"SequenceOutput(parent_seq_id={self.parent_seq_id}, "
                f"output_token={self.output_token}, "
                f"logprobs={self.logprobs})")

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, SequenceOutput):
            raise NotImplementedError()
        equal = (self.parent_seq_id == other.parent_seq_id
                 and self.output_token == other.output_token)
        log_probs_equal = other.logprobs == self.logprobs
        return equal and log_probs_equal


class SequenceGroupOutput(ABC):
    """The base class for model outputs associated with a sequence group."""

    @abstractmethod
    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        pass


class CompletionSequenceGroupOutput(
        msgspec.Struct,
        omit_defaults=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    __metaclass__ = SequenceGroupOutput
    """The model output associated with a completion sequence group."""
    samples: List[SequenceOutput]
    # Prompt logprob for each prompt query token.
    prompt_logprobs: Optional[PromptLogprobs]

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"CompletionSequenceGroupOutput(samples={self.samples}, "
                f"prompt_logprobs={self.prompt_logprobs})")

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, CompletionSequenceGroupOutput):
            raise NotImplementedError()
        return (self.samples == other.samples
                and self.prompt_logprobs == other.prompt_logprobs)


class EmbeddingSequenceGroupOutput(
        msgspec.Struct,
        omit_defaults=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
):
    """The model output associated with an embedding sequence group."""
    __metaclass__ = SequenceGroupOutput
    embeddings: List[int]

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (f"EmbeddingSequenceGroupOutput("
                f"embeddings_shape={len(self.embeddings)})")

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, EmbeddingSequenceGroupOutput):
            raise NotImplementedError()
        return self.embeddings == other.embeddings


class IntermediateTensors(
        msgspec.Struct,
        omit_defaults=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """For all pipeline stages except the last, we need to return the hidden
    states and residuals to be sent to the next stage. This data structure
    contains the hidden states and residuals for a request.
    """

    tensors: Dict[str, torch.Tensor]

    def __getitem__(self, key: Union[str, slice]):
        if isinstance(key, str):
            return self.tensors[key]
        elif isinstance(key, slice):
            return self.__class__({k: v[key] for k, v in self.tensors.items()})

    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value):
        self.tensors[key] = value

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.tensors)

    def __eq__(self, other: object):
        return isinstance(other, self.__class__) and self

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"IntermediateTensors(tensors={self.tensors})"


class PoolerOutput(
        msgspec.Struct,
        omit_defaults=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        array_like=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """The output from a pooling operation in the embedding model."""
    outputs: List[EmbeddingSequenceGroupOutput]

    spec_decode_worker_metrics: Optional[SpecDecodeWorkerMetrics] = None

    def __getitem__(self, idx: int):
        return self.outputs[idx]

    def __setitem__(self, idx: int, value):
        self.outputs[idx] = value

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.outputs)

    def __eq__(self, other: object):
        return isinstance(other,
                          self.__class__) and self.outputs == other.outputs


def get_all_seq_ids(
        seq_group_metadata_list: List[SequenceGroupMetadata]) -> List[int]:
    """Given a list of SequenceGroupMetadata, create a list of all
    sequence ids.
    """
    return [seq_id for sg in seq_group_metadata_list for seq_id in sg.seq_data]


def get_all_seq_ids_and_request_ids(
    seq_group_metadata_list: List[SequenceGroupMetadata]
) -> Tuple[List[int], Dict[str, Set[int]]]:
    """Given a list of SequenceGroupMetadata, create a list of all
    sequence ids.
    """
    seq_ids: List[int] = []
    request_id_seq_ids_mapping: Dict[str, Set[int]] = defaultdict(set)
    for sg in seq_group_metadata_list:
        for seq_id in sg.seq_data:
            seq_ids.append(seq_id)
            request_id_seq_ids_mapping[sg.request_id].add(seq_id)
    return seq_ids, request_id_seq_ids_mapping


class HiddenStates(msgspec.Struct, array_like=True,
                   omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """Hidden states corresponding to in-progress sequences.
    Used in speculative decoding to pass hidden states from
    the target model to the proposer model.

    seq_ids are the sequence ids of each entry of the batch
    dimension of the hidden_states tensor"""
    # Scorer hidden states. For prefill step, it is used for hidden states of
    # all tokens, whereas for decode step, it use used for last accepted tokens.
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor
    # The sequence group metadata list. Only needed for decode step.
    seq_group_metadata_list: Optional[List[SequenceGroupMetadata]] = None
    # Scorer hidden states of the 2nd last token proposed by the proposer (
    # irrespective of whether it was accepted or not). Only used for cases when
    # last proposed token is accepted (i.e., in case of bonus tokens). For the
    # case of no bonus tokens, these are ignored.
    second_last_token_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None

    _seq_ids: List[int] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.seq_group_metadata_list is not None:
            assert len(self.seq_group_metadata_list) == len(self.hidden_states)
            self._seq_ids = get_all_seq_ids(self.seq_group_metadata_list)

    @property
    def seq_ids(self) -> List[int]:
        return self._seq_ids

    def update(self,
               hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
               seq_group_metadata_list: List[SequenceGroupMetadata],
               second_last_token_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None):
        """Update hidden states from target model invocation. Only used for
        decode steps"""
        assert len(seq_group_metadata_list) == len(hidden_states)
        self._seq_ids.extend(get_all_seq_ids(seq_group_metadata_list))
        self.hidden_states = torch.cat([self.hidden_states, hidden_states])

        if self.second_last_token_hidden_states is not None:
            # Adding dummy hidden_states to this to maintain same shape
            self.second_last_token_hidden_states = torch.cat([
                self.second_last_token_hidden_states,
                torch.zeros_like(hidden_states)
                if second_last_token_hidden_states is None else
                second_last_token_hidden_states
            ])

    def prune(self,
              seq_group_metadata_list: List[SequenceGroupMetadata]) -> None:
        """Prune to provided list of sequence ids. Only used for decode steps.
        """
        # Currently this prunes all seq_ids not present in
        # seq_group_metadata_list which might cause problems where a sequence
        # may be "paused" then "resumed" later. This should only prune sequences
        # which are confirmed to be aborted.
        seq_ids = get_all_seq_ids(seq_group_metadata_list)
        if seq_ids != self._seq_ids:
            # Batch contents changed - prune removed sequences.
            index = [self._seq_ids.index(seq_id) for seq_id in seq_ids]
            self.hidden_states = self.hidden_states[index]
            if self.second_last_token_hidden_states is not None:
                self.second_last_token_hidden_states = self\
                    .second_last_token_hidden_states[index]
            self._seq_ids = seq_ids

    def expand_with_bonus_tokens(
            self, seq_with_bonus_token_in_last_step: set) -> None:
        """Expand hidden states for sequences with bonus tokens. This is in
        alignment with `MultiStepWorker._expand_execute_model_request`."""
        if self.second_last_token_hidden_states is None \
            or not seq_with_bonus_token_in_last_step:
            return

        index = []
        for seq_id in self._seq_ids:
            i = self._seq_ids.index(seq_id)
            if seq_id in seq_with_bonus_token_in_last_step:
                index.append(i + len(self._seq_ids))
            index.append(i)

        self.hidden_states = torch.cat(
            [self.hidden_states, self.second_last_token_hidden_states])[index]


class ExecuteModelRequest(
        msgspec.Struct,
        array_like=True,  # type: ignore[call-arg]
        omit_defaults=True):  # type: ignore[call-arg]
    """The model execution request, containing CPU metadata only. The LLM
    engine should create an instance of this class for each request batch."""
    # The sequence group metadata list.
    seq_group_metadata_list: List[Union[SequenceGroupMetadata,
                                        SequenceGroupMetadataDelta]]
    # Blocks to swap in. List of CPU -> GPU block number.
    blocks_to_swap_in: List[Tuple[int,
                                  int]] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)
    # Blocks to swap out. List of GPU -> CPU block number.
    blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int,
                                   int]] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)
    # Blocks to copy. Source to dest block.
    blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)
    # Virtual engine ID for pipeline parallel.
    virtual_engine: int = 0
    # The number of slots for lookahead decoding.
    num_lookahead_slots: int = 0
    # The number of requests in the running queue.
    running_queue_size: int = 0
    # Optional hidden states from prior step.
    previous_hidden_states: Optional[HiddenStates] = None
    # The number of forward steps to run.
    num_steps: int = 1
    # Finished request ids since last step.
    finished_requests_ids: List[str] = msgspec.field(default_factory=list)
    # The last sampled token ids for multi step decoding.
    last_sampled_token_ids: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
    # Async callback
    async_callback: Optional[Callable] = None

    @property
    def is_first_multi_step(self) -> bool:
        # TODO(will) make this be able to handle batches with variable number of
        # steps
        assert len(self.seq_group_metadata_list) > 0
        first_seq_group = self.seq_group_metadata_list[0]
        assert first_seq_group.state is not None
        return first_seq_group.state.current_step == 0

    @property
    def is_last_step(self) -> bool:
        # TODO(will) make this be able to handle batches with variable number of
        # steps
        assert len(self.seq_group_metadata_list) > 0
        first_seq_group = self.seq_group_metadata_list[0]
        assert first_seq_group.state is not None
        return first_seq_group.state.remaining_steps == 1

    @property
    def current_step(self) -> int:
        # TODO(will) make this be able to handle batches with variable number of
        # steps
        assert len(self.seq_group_metadata_list) > 0
        state = self.seq_group_metadata_list[0].state
        assert state is not None
        return state.current_step

    def clone(
        self, seq_group_metadata_list: List[Union[SequenceGroupMetadata,
                                                  SequenceGroupMetadataDelta]]
    ) -> "ExecuteModelRequest":
        """Clone the request with a new sequence group metadata list."""
        return ExecuteModelRequest(
            seq_group_metadata_list=seq_group_metadata_list,
            blocks_to_swap_in=self.blocks_to_swap_in.copy(),
            blocks_to_swap_out=self.blocks_to_swap_out.copy(),
            blocks_to_copy=self.blocks_to_copy.copy(),
            virtual_engine=self.virtual_engine,
            num_lookahead_slots=self.num_lookahead_slots,
            running_queue_size=self.running_queue_size,
            previous_hidden_states=self.previous_hidden_states,
            num_steps=self.num_steps,
            finished_requests_ids=self.finished_requests_ids,
            last_sampled_token_ids=self.last_sampled_token_ids.clone()
            if self.last_sampled_token_ids is not None else None,
            async_callback=self.async_callback)