flash_attn.py

"""Attention layer with FlashAttention."""
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Type

import torch
from vllm_flash_attn import flash_attn_varlen_func, flash_attn_with_kvcache

from vllm._C import cache_ops
from vllm.attention.backends.abstract import (AttentionBackend, AttentionImpl,
                                              AttentionMetadata,
                                              AttentionMetadataPerStage)

_SUPPORTED_HEAD_SIZES = [32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256]


class FlashAttentionBackend(AttentionBackend):

    @staticmethod
    def get_name() -> str:
        return "flash-attn"

    @staticmethod
    def get_impl_cls() -> Type["FlashAttentionImpl"]:
        return FlashAttentionImpl

    @staticmethod
    def make_metadata(*args, **kwargs) -> "FlashAttentionMetadata":
        return FlashAttentionMetadata(*args, **kwargs)

    @staticmethod
    def get_kv_cache_shape(
        num_blocks: int,
        block_size: int,
        num_kv_heads: int,
        head_size: int,
    ) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
        if block_size % 16 != 0:
            raise ValueError("Block size must be a multiple of 16.")
        return (2, num_blocks, block_size, num_kv_heads, head_size)

    @staticmethod
    def swap_blocks(
        src_kv_cache: torch.Tensor,
        dst_kv_cache: torch.Tensor,
        src_to_dst: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> None:
        src_key_cache = src_kv_cache[0]
        dst_key_cache = dst_kv_cache[0]
        cache_ops.swap_blocks(src_key_cache, dst_key_cache, src_to_dst)

        src_value_cache = src_kv_cache[1]
        dst_value_cache = dst_kv_cache[1]
        cache_ops.swap_blocks(src_value_cache, dst_value_cache, src_to_dst)

    @staticmethod
    def copy_blocks(
        kv_caches: List[torch.Tensor],
        src_to_dists: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> None:
        key_caches = [kv_cache[0] for kv_cache in kv_caches]
        value_caches = [kv_cache[1] for kv_cache in kv_caches]
        cache_ops.copy_blocks(key_caches, value_caches, src_to_dists)


@dataclass
class FlashAttentionMetadata(AttentionMetadataPerStage):
    """Metadata for FlashAttentionBackend.

    NOTE: Any python object stored here is not updated when it is
    cuda-graph replayed. If you have values that need to be changed
    dynamically, it should be stored in tensor. The tensor has to be
    updated from `CUDAGraphRunner.forward` API.
    """
    # Currently, input sequences can only contain all prompts
    # or all decoding. True if all sequences are prompts.
    is_prompt: bool
    # (batch_size,). The sequence length per sequence. Sequence length means
    # the computed tokens + new tokens None if it is a decoding.
    seq_lens: Optional[List[int]]
    # seq_lens stored as a tensor.
    seq_lens_tensor: Optional[torch.Tensor]

    # NOTE(sang): Definition of context_len, query_len, and seq_len.
    # |---------- N-1 iteration --------|
    # |---------------- N iteration ---------------------|
    # |- tokenA -|......................|-- newTokens ---|
    # |---------- context_len ----------|
    # |-------------------- seq_len ----------------------|
    #                                   |-- query_len ---|

    # Maximum query length in the batch.
    max_query_len: Optional[int]
    # Maximum sequence length in the batch.
    max_seq_len: Optional[int]
    # (batch_size + 1,). The cumulative subquery lengths of the sequences in
    # the batch, used to index into subquery. E.g., if the subquery length
    # is [4, 6], it is [0, 4, 10].
    subquery_start_loc: Optional[torch.Tensor]
    # (batch_size + 1,). The cumulative sequence lengths of the sequences in
    # the batch, used to index into sequence. E.g., if the sequence length is
    # [4, 6], it is [0, 4, 10].
    seq_start_loc: Optional[torch.Tensor]
    # (batch_size,) A tensor of context lengths (tokens that are computed
    # so far).
    context_lens_tensor: Optional[torch.Tensor]

    # Whether or not if cuda graph is enabled.
    # Cuda-graph is currently enabled for decoding only.
    # TODO(woosuk): Move `use_cuda_graph` out since it's unrelated to attention.
    use_cuda_graph: bool

    # (batch_size, max_blocks_per_seq).
    # Block addresses per sequence. (Seq id -> list of physical block)
    # E.g., [0, 1, 2] means tokens are stored in 0th, 1st, and 2nd blocks
    # in the kv cache. Each block can contain up to block_size tokens.
    # 2nd dimensions are padded up to max_blocks_per_seq if it is cuda-graph
    # captured.
    block_tables: Optional[torch.Tensor]


class FlashAttentionImpl(AttentionImpl):
    """
    If the input tensors contain prompt tokens, the layout is as follows:
    |<--------------- num_prefill_tokens ----------------->|	
    |<--prefill_0-->|<--prefill_1-->|...|<--prefill_N-1--->|

    Otherwise, the layout is as follows:	
    |<----------------- num_decode_tokens ------------------>|	
    |<--decode_0-->|..........|<--decode_M-1-->|<--padding-->|

    Generation tokens can contain padding when cuda-graph is used.
    Currently, prompt tokens don't contain any padding.

    The prompts might have different lengths, while the generation tokens
    always have length 1.

    If chunked prefill is enabled, prefill tokens and decode tokens can be
    batched together in a flattened 1D query.

    |<----- num_prefill_tokens ---->|<------- num_decode_tokens --------->|
    |<-prefill_0->|...|<-prefill_N-1->|<--decode_0-->|...|<--decode_M-1-->|

    Currently, cuda graph is disabled for chunked prefill, meaning there's no
    padding between prefill and decode tokens.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        num_heads: int,
        head_size: int,
        scale: float,
        num_kv_heads: Optional[int] = None,
        alibi_slopes: Optional[List[float]] = None,
        sliding_window: Optional[int] = None,
        kv_cache_dtype: str = "auto",
    ) -> None:
        self.num_heads = num_heads
        self.head_size = head_size
        self.scale = float(scale)
        self.num_kv_heads = num_heads if num_kv_heads is None else num_kv_heads
        if alibi_slopes is not None:
            alibi_slopes = torch.tensor(alibi_slopes, dtype=torch.float32)
        self.alibi_slopes = alibi_slopes
        self.sliding_window = ((sliding_window, sliding_window)
                               if sliding_window is not None else (-1, -1))
        self.kv_cache_dtype = kv_cache_dtype

        assert self.num_heads % self.num_kv_heads == 0
        self.num_queries_per_kv = self.num_heads // self.num_kv_heads

        if sliding_window is not None:
            # NOTE(woosuk): flash-attn's sliding window does not work with
            # paged KV cache.
            raise ValueError(
                "Sliding window is not supported in FlashAttention.")
        if head_size not in _SUPPORTED_HEAD_SIZES:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Head size {head_size} is not supported by FlashAttention. "
                f"Supported head sizes are: {_SUPPORTED_HEAD_SIZES}.")

    def forward(
        self,
        query: torch.Tensor,
        key: torch.Tensor,
        value: torch.Tensor,
        kv_cache: torch.Tensor,
        attn_metadata: AttentionMetadata[FlashAttentionMetadata],
        kv_scale: float = 1.0,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """Forward pass with FlashAttention.

        Args:
            query: shape = [num_tokens, num_heads * head_size]
            key: shape = [num_tokens, num_kv_heads * head_size]
            value: shape = [num_tokens, num_kv_heads * head_size]
            kv_cache = [2, num_blocks, block_size, num_kv_heads, head_size]
            attn_metadata: Metadata for attention.
        Returns:
            shape = [num_tokens, num_heads * head_size]
        """
        # NOTE(woosuk): FlashAttention does not support FP8 KV cache.
        assert kv_scale == 1.0, "kv_scale is not supported in FlashAttention."

        num_tokens, hidden_size = query.shape
        # Reshape the query, key, and value tensors.
        query = query.view(-1, self.num_heads, self.head_size)
        key = key.view(-1, self.num_kv_heads, self.head_size)
        value = value.view(-1, self.num_kv_heads, self.head_size)

        if kv_cache is not None:
            key_cache = kv_cache[0]
            value_cache = kv_cache[1]

            # Reshape the input keys and values and store them in the cache.
            # If kv_cache is not provided, the new key and value tensors are
            # not cached. This happens during the initial memory profiling run.
            cache_ops.reshape_and_cache_flash(
                key,
                value,
                key_cache,
                value_cache,
                attn_metadata.slot_mapping.flatten(),
                self.kv_cache_dtype,
            )

        num_prefill_tokens = attn_metadata.num_prefill_tokens
        num_decode_tokens = attn_metadata.num_decode_tokens
        assert key.shape[0] == num_prefill_tokens + num_decode_tokens
        assert value.shape[0] == num_prefill_tokens + num_decode_tokens

        output = torch.empty_like(query)
        # Query for decode. KV is not needed because it is already cached.
        decode_query = query[num_prefill_tokens:]
        # QKV for prefill.
        query = query[:num_prefill_tokens]
        key = key[:num_prefill_tokens]
        value = value[:num_prefill_tokens]

        assert query.shape[0] == num_prefill_tokens
        assert decode_query.shape[0] == num_decode_tokens

        if prefill_meta := attn_metadata.prefill_metadata:
            # Prompt run.
            if (kv_cache is None or prefill_meta.block_tables is None
                    or prefill_meta.block_tables.numel() == 0):
                # normal attention
                # When block_tables are not filled, it means q and k are the
                # prompt, and they have the same length.
                out = flash_attn_varlen_func(
                    q=query,
                    k=key,
                    v=value,
                    cu_seqlens_q=prefill_meta.seq_start_loc,
                    cu_seqlens_k=prefill_meta.seq_start_loc,
                    max_seqlen_q=prefill_meta.max_seq_len,
                    max_seqlen_k=prefill_meta.max_seq_len,
                    softmax_scale=self.scale,
                    causal=True,
                    window_size=self.sliding_window,
                    alibi_slopes=self.alibi_slopes,
                )
                assert output[:num_prefill_tokens].shape == out.shape
                output[:num_prefill_tokens] = out
            else:
                # prefix-enabled attention
                output[:num_prefill_tokens] = flash_attn_varlen_func(
                    q=query,
                    k=key_cache,
                    v=value_cache,
                    cu_seqlens_q=prefill_meta.subquery_start_loc,
                    max_seqlen_q=prefill_meta.max_query_len,
                    cu_seqlens_k=prefill_meta.seq_start_loc,
                    max_seqlen_k=prefill_meta.max_seq_len,
                    softmax_scale=self.scale,
                    causal=True,
                    alibi_slopes=self.alibi_slopes,
                    block_table=prefill_meta.block_tables,
                )

        if decode_meta := attn_metadata.decode_metadata:
            # Decoding run.
            output[num_prefill_tokens:] = flash_attn_with_kvcache(
                decode_query.unsqueeze(1),
                key_cache,
                value_cache,
                block_table=decode_meta.block_tables,
                cache_seqlens=decode_meta.seq_lens_tensor,
                softmax_scale=self.scale,
                causal=True,
                alibi_slopes=self.alibi_slopes,
            ).squeeze(1)

        # Reshape the output tensor.
        return output.view(num_tokens, hidden_size)