GitLab

* [Feature][Example] Support TMA reduce operation and update GQA bwd example

* move GQA bwd with TMA reduce to new example

* [Lint]: [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes [...]

---------
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* revert split+sum template for MHA backward

* lint

* Update example_mha_bwd.py

* Update example_mha_bwd_wgmma_pipelined.py

* Refactor attention sink examples to support bf16 and user-defined softmax scale

* fix typos

* Adding compile flags for fast math optimizations and enabling BF16 support in both GQA and MHA backward implementations.

* Update backward configuration for GQA and MHA examples to align with flash attention

* Refactor GQA backward implementation to improve atomic add performance

* Allow for slightly larger numerical error for bf16

* upd readme to show bf16 benchmark results

* lint

* fix ci and lint

* fix comments and lint

* refactor atomic add

---------
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>

* [Feature] Introduce WGMMA support and enhance GEMM layout handling

- Added support for the WGMMA intrinsic in the TileLang framework, enabling efficient matrix multiplication on newer architectures.
- Refactored GEMM layout functions to accept a boolean parameter for K dimension handling, improving flexibility in layout generation.
- Updated layout inference logic to accommodate new WGMMA configurations and ensure compatibility with existing GEMM operations.
- Enhanced Python bindings for layout functions, allowing for better integration and usability in user-defined operations.
- Improved documentation for layout functions and GEMM operations to clarify usage and parameters.

These changes enhance the performance and usability of GEMM operations, particularly for advanced architectures, while maintaining backward compatibility with existing implementations.

* [Refactor] Clean up code formatting and enhance layout function readability

- Improved code formatting across multiple files for better readability, including consistent indentation and line breaks.
- Updated layout function signatures to enhance clarity, particularly in `gemm_layouts.cc`, `layout.cc`, and `layout.h`.
- Refactored lambda functions in `builtin.cc` and `gemm_py.cc` for improved structure and maintainability.
- Enhanced comments and documentation in layout-related files to clarify usage and parameters.

These changes contribute to a cleaner codebase and improved maintainability of layout functions in the TileLang framework.

* [Feature] Add descriptor initialization and offset manipulation for WGMMA

- Introduced new TileLang builtins `initialize_descriptor` and `increase_descriptor_offset` to facilitate descriptor management for WGMMA operations.
- Updated `builtin.cc` and `builtin.h` to define and document the new builtins, enhancing the framework's capabilities for descriptor handling.
- Modified `codegen_cuda.cc` and `ptx.cc` to integrate the new builtins into the code generation process, ensuring proper assembly generation for WGMMA operations.
- Enhanced the `GemmWGMMA` class to utilize the new descriptor functionalities, improving the efficiency of matrix multiplication operations.
- Updated related tests and documentation to reflect the new features and ensure comprehensive coverage.

These changes enhance the TileLang framework's support for advanced matrix operations on newer architectures, improving performance and usability.

* [Refactor] Improve code formatting and readability in various files

- Enhanced code formatting across multiple files for better readability, including consistent indentation and line breaks.
- Updated function signatures and comments in `builtin.h`, `codegen_cuda.cc`, and `ptx.cc` to improve clarity.
- Refactored descriptor initialization and offset manipulation functions in `builtin.py` and `wgmma_macro_generator.py` for improved structure.
- Cleaned up unnecessary whitespace and improved alignment in `common.h` and `allocate.py`.

These changes contribute to a cleaner and more maintainable codebase in the TileLang framework.

* [Update] Update subproject commit and refactor layout function call

- Updated the subproject commit for `cutlass` to indicate a dirty state.
- Refactored the `UpdateAnalyzer` function in `layout.cc` to call `LayoutNode::getVarMap()` instead of `getVarMap()`, improving clarity and ensuring proper context for variable mapping.

These changes enhance the maintainability and clarity of the layout handling in the TileLang framework.

* support more data types

* gemm_rs support

* lint fix

* wgmma wrapper

* Remove debug logging for wgmma assembly code and refactor swizzle byte size calculations in wgmma macro generator. Enhanced handling of leading and stride byte offsets based on swizzle mode, improving clarity and performance in tensor core intrinsic emissions.

* Refactor GEMM layout functions to replace 'kfactor' with 'k_inner' for improved clarity and consistency. Update includes necessary changes in error messages for Hopper and Sm100 layouts. Additionally, include a new header for CUTE utilities in common.h.

* Comprehensively support WGMMA GEMM SS

* remove debug print

* lint fix

* remove debug print

* reduce bwd test shape

* lint fix

* clear cache for pytest

* lint fix

* Update sparse MLA examples to support SKV adjustment and correctness checks

- Changed SKV parameter from 32768 to 8192 in sparse MLA backward and forward tests.
- Added check_correctness parameter to test functions for validation of outputs.
- Updated test cases to reflect new SKV values and correctness checks.

* test fix

* adjust test case

* test fix

* skip some test currently

* revert split+sum template for MHA backward

* lint

* Update example_mha_bwd.py

* Update example_mha_bwd_wgmma_pipelined.py

---------
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>

[Example] Introduce split+sum template, and optimize `atomic_add` performance for bwd examples (#940)

* example fix

* lint fix

* bug fix

* reduce test size.

* [Enhancement] Enhance the GQA backward kernel by calculating `dq` and `dv` via copy&sum

* [Example] Implement GQA backward example for Hopper with customized tiling and pipeline

* [Example] Add relevant tests

* Fix all typos of wrong shape of `V_shared` in macros

* [Example] Add a new example to support attention sink for MHA

- Introduced a new example script for multi-head attention (MHA) with sliding window attention and sink tokens.
- Added a reference attention function to validate the implementation against PyTorch.
- Included argument parsing for command-line execution of the example.

* [Example] Replace MHA sink forward example with updated implementation

- Removed the old example script for multi-head attention (MHA) with sliding window attention and sink tokens.
- Introduced a new example script that modifies the attention mechanism to enhance performance and maintainability.
- Updated argument parsing and reference functions to align with the new implementation.

* Enhance MHA sink example with sliding window support

- Added a `window_size` parameter to the `flashattn` function to enable sliding window attention.
- Implemented assertions to ensure `window_size` is compatible with `block_N`.
- Updated the main function to include a `tune` option for performance tuning.
- Introduced a new test file to validate both full attention and sliding window scenarios.
- Adjusted FLOPS calculation to account for the sliding window configuration.

* lint

* [Fix] Add checkinf process to fix the bug of swa

* Migrate to BSHD layout to align with triton baselines

* lint

* fix typo

* Refactor MHA sink example to use seq_q and seq_kv parameters to accommodate the new sequence length parameters.

* Add GQA sink example for optimized attention mechanism & lint fix

* fix several typos and bugs

* lint

* fix speed issues of swa

* Add flash attention example with backward pass for BHSD layout and corresponding test cases

* Add backward pass implementation for flash attention with sinks and corresponding test case

* fix lint and typo

* Optimze the calculation of `dsinks`

* Add support for swa backward and update examples

* fix previous typos

* Add example for GQA sink backward pass and update tests for both MHA and GQA sinks

* fix lint

* fix previous typos

* typo

* fix flash attention examples  for `seqlen_q<seqlen_kv` cases

* lint

* [Enhancement] Enable fast math optimization in tilelang JIT configurations

- Updated multiple examples and kernel functions to include `pass_configs` for enabling fast math optimization.
- Added support for the `TL_ENABLE_FAST_MATH` configuration option in the built-in operations.
- Enhanced the `LibraryGenerator` to handle the new fast math configuration, ensuring compatibility with existing settings.
- Updated documentation to reflect the changes in fast math handling and deprecation of the `TL_DISABLE_FAST_MATH` option.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Introduce deprecated_warning utility for improved deprecation handling

- Added a new `deprecated_warning` function to streamline deprecation messages.
- Updated the `LibraryGenerator` to utilize the new function for warning about the deprecated `TL_DISABLE_FAST_MATH` configuration.
- Enhanced the `deprecated` decorator to support phaseout version messaging, improving clarity for users.

* [Refactor] Merge bulk copy into copy and refactor layout inference for bulk copy

* Deleted the `bulk_copy` operator implementation and its header file as it is no longer needed.
* Introduced a new function `cuTensorMapType()` to return the data type for CUDA tensor mapping.
* Updated related files to reflect these changes, ensuring that the codebase remains clean and maintainable.

* lint fix

* Fix typos in intrinsic names and remove unused print statement in block_sparse_attn_tilelang.py. Updated references from `ptx_ldmatirx` to `ptx_ldmatrix` across multiple files for consistency.

* remove bulk copy

* Refactor copy and atomic add operations to support TMA lower configuration

- Updated `GetCopyInst` to accept a `disable_tma_lower` parameter, allowing for conditional usage of TMA in bulk load/store operations.
- Modified `Lower` method in `Copy` to incorporate the new TMA configuration.
- Refactored `AtomicAdd::Lower` to streamline layout inference and vectorization logic.
- Removed unused `disable_tma_lower` field from `LowerArgs` structure for clarity.
- Enhanced atomic add vectorization by replacing the buggy implementation with a more robust loop vectorization approach.

* Enhance TMA bulk copy logic in `LowerBulkCopy` method

- Added a condition to set `desc.swizzle` to `CU_TENSOR_MAP_SWIZZLE_NONE` when `shared_layout` matches `linear_layout`, improving clarity in layout handling.
- Updated warning log to provide more detailed information about fallback scenarios, including source and destination buffer names and shapes, enhancing debugging capabilities.

* lint fix

* Remove fallback logging for non-swizzled global layout in `LowerBulkCopy` method to streamline the bulk copy logic. This change enhances code clarity by eliminating unnecessary warning messages related to inner box dimensions.

* Enhance reshape kernel compilation in `run_reshape` and `run_reshape_smem_1d_2_2d` functions

- Updated the `tl.compile` method to include `pass_configs` that disable TMA lower and warp specialization, addressing shared memory layout transformation limitations.
- Added TODO comments to indicate the need for further improvements in shared memory handling.

* Update `native_sparse_attention` function to include TMA configuration options

- Added `pass_configs` to the JIT decorator to disable TMA lower and warp specialization, addressing potential issues with shared memory layout transformations.
- Updated comments to clarify modifications in tensor shapes for inference, specifically setting `q` sequence length to 1.

* Refactor JIT decorator formatting in `native_sparse_attention` function

- Improved readability by reformatting the JIT decorator parameters for `native_sparse_attention`, ensuring consistent style across the codebase.
- No functional changes were made; this update focuses on code clarity and maintainability.

* Enhance thread management and logging in TileLang compilation

- Added a method to check if printing is enabled during compilation, improving control over logging behavior.
- Updated the JIT kernel class to utilize the new method for logging compilation status, ensuring consistent and clear output.
- Added comments to clarify the purpose of changes and improve code readability.

* Add warp specialization scope and refactor register management in TileLang

- Introduced a new constant `kWarpSpecializationScope` in `builtin.h` for better attribute management.
- Removed the `SetMaxNRegCollector` class and its related logic from `warp_specialized_rewriter.cc`, streamlining the warp specialization process.
- Added functions `annotate_producer_reg_dealloc` and `annotate_consumer_reg_alloc` in `builtin.py` to facilitate register management.
- Implemented `AnnotateWarpGroupRegAlloc` in `__init__.py` to inject register allocation calls into warp-specialized functions, enhancing the overall register handling in the compilation process.

* Refactor test for InjectSetMaxNReg pass in TileLang

- Improved readability by restructuring conditional checks and assertions in the test cases.
- Enhanced clarity in the collection of `set_max_nreg` calls by simplifying the logic.
- Ensured consistent formatting and spacing throughout the test functions for better maintainability.

* Enhance bulk copy and store checks in `Copy` class

- Updated scope validation for source and destination tensors in `CheckBulkLoad` and `CheckBulkStore` methods to include both `shared.dyn` and `shared` as valid options.
- Modified `CheckLDSMCopy` and `CheckSTSMCopy` methods to accommodate the new scope validation, ensuring compatibility with shared memory configurations.
- Improved logging in `LowerBulkCopy` to provide clearer warnings regarding unsupported swizzle layouts, including source and destination names for better debugging.

* lint fix

* Implement new free stage layout inference.

* Fix bug

* Make replication upcasting and unnormalizable iterators safe.

* Better handling of updating with more replica

* Remove unnecessary check.

* Fix compilation.

* Fix setup.py.

* Simplify development mode.

* Allow ParallelOp layout when there's already a compatible layout specified

* lint fix

* Add ProveFragmentContains function to validate thread access between small and large fragments

This function checks if the threads accessing elements of a smaller fragment are a subset of those accessing a larger fragment, ensuring valid access during updates. The implementation includes deriving thread indices, computing logical indices, and verifying thread mappings.

* Update dependencies in requirements files

* Remove 'thefuzz' from requirements-dev.txt
* Specify exact versions for 'torch' and add 'flash_attn' in requirements-test.txt

* Update CI workflow to use SHA256 hash for requirements file

* Update requirements and CI workflow for flash attention

* Removed specific version for 'torch' in requirements-test.txt
* Added installation of 'flash_attn==2.5.8' in CI workflow to ensure compatibility

* Refactor flash attention import handling in examples

* Removed availability checks for 'flash_attn' in multiple example scripts.
* Simplified import statements for 'flash_attn' to ensure consistent usage across examples.

---------
Co-authored-by: Huanqi Cao <caohuanqi@deepseek.com>

* Update flash-attn version in requirements-test.txt from <=2.2.0 to ==2.5.8

* lint fix

* Remove unused dependencies from requirements-test.txt

* Update import path for padding functions in example MHA forward variable length script

* Refactor code formatting in bert_padding.py for improved readability

[BugFix] Do not modify strict layout in common or relax level of layout inference. More conditions on layout checking (#653)

* [BugFix] Do not modify strict layout in common or relax level of layout inference. More conditions on layout checking

* Lint

* test fix

* Update CI workflow to install dependencies without user site packages

- Modified the installation commands in the CI workflow to include the `--no-user` flag for both `requirements-dev.txt` and `requirements-test.txt`, ensuring that packages are installed in the virtual environment rather than the user site directory.

* Update CI workflow to install pip without user site packages

- Added the `--no-user` flag to the pip installation command in the CI workflow for both development and testing dependencies, ensuring that packages are installed within the virtual environment.

* Update requirements-test.txt

* reduce ci problem size,

* Refactor example_mla_decode.py for consistent formatting and remove unused imports in test_example_mla_decode.py

---------
Co-authored-by: LeiWang1999 <leiwang1999@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix CI bugs in hopper

* lint fix

* Update bulk_copy.cc

* Refactor bulk copy logic in LowerBulkCopy function

- Removed unnecessary blank lines for improved code readability.
- Enhanced stride validation by checking for null pointers in global stride calculations, ensuring robustness against symbolic strides.
- Updated pass configuration handling in dynamic tile language tests to streamline dynamic alignment and TMA lower pass settings.

* test fix

* ci fix

* Update flash-attention dependencies and clean up example code

- Downgraded `flash-attn` dependency version in `requirements-test.txt` to `<=2.2.0`.
- Removed unused imports and commented-out code in various example files to enhance readability and maintainability.
- Updated the `flashattn` function signature to include default parameters for `block_M`, `block_N`, `num_stages`, and `threads`.
- Cleaned up the `example_mha_fwd_varlen.py` and `example_mha_bwd_wgmma_pipelined.py` files by removing unnecessary comments and improving code clarity.
- Deleted the `example_mha_inference.py` file as it is no longer needed.

* Update CI workflow to remove `--user` flag from pip install commands

- Removed the `--user` flag from the pip install commands in both the development and testing sections of the CI workflow to ensure proper installation of dependencies in the virtual environment.

* Update CI workflow to include `--no-user` flag in pip install commands

- Added the `--no-user` flag to the pip install commands in both the development and testing sections of the CI workflow to ensure dependencies are installed correctly within the virtual environment.

* Update CI workflow to include `--no-user` flag in pip install command for wheel mode

- Added the `--no-user` flag to the pip install command in the wheel mode section of the CI workflow to ensure dependencies are installed correctly within the virtual environment.

* test fix

* avoid conflict with system environments

* test fix

* add commnets

---------
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: LeiWang1999 <leiwang1999@outlook.com>

* [Refactor] Update tilelang kernel functions and remove unused imports

- Refactored the `flashattn_fwd`, `flashattn_bwd_preprocess`, and `flashattn_bwd_postprocess` functions to utilize direct kernel calls instead of cached versions, improving clarity and performance.
- Added `@tilelang.jit` decorators with specified output indices to enhance kernel compilation.
- Removed unused import of `cached` from `tilelang`, streamlining the code.
- Commented out the main testing function call in `test_tilelang_kernel_mha_bwd.py` for potential future use.

* [Refactor] Simplify configuration generation in benchmark and example scripts

- Refactored the `get_configs` functions in multiple benchmark and example scripts to utilize a dictionary-based approach for parameter configuration, improving readability and maintainability.
- Updated the `flashattn` and `chunk_scan_fwd` functions to directly accept configuration parameters, enhancing flexibility in kernel tuning.
- Removed redundant code and streamlined the configuration generation process across various files, ensuring consistency in how configurations are defined and utilized.

* [Refactor] Update configuration handling in benchmark scripts

- Refactored the `get_configs` functions in benchmark scripts to accept a variable argument list, improving flexibility in configuration management.
- Enhanced the `matmul` and `flashattn` functions to utilize the updated configuration approach, streamlining parameter handling for kernel tuning.
- Added `@autotune` decorators to relevant functions, ensuring consistent autotuning behavior across benchmarks.
- Cleaned up redundant code and improved overall readability in the affected files.

* [Refactor] Clean up formatting and update subproject commit

- Updated the subproject commit reference in the TVM directory to indicate a dirty state.
- Removed unnecessary blank lines and improved formatting in the `benchmark_matmul` and `benchmark_matmul_fp8` scripts for better readability.
- Streamlined the function definitions in the `flashattn` example script to enhance clarity and maintainability.

* [Refactor] Update AutoTuner configuration handling

- Modified the AutoTuner class to check if kernel parameters are set before processing tunable arguments, improving robustness in configuration handling.
- Enhanced the logic for skipping compilation when tunable parameters are already provided, ensuring efficient use of resources.
- Updated comments for clarity and maintainability.

* lint fix

* Update TVM subproject commit to indicate dirty state and modify MHA backward test cases

- Updated the subproject commit reference in the TVM directory to reflect a dirty state.
- Adjusted the `test_mha_bwd` function to use a new configuration for the MHA backward tests, changing the context size from 128 to 256.
- Uncommented the main testing function call for potential execution.

* [Example] Update kernel compilation in examples to use @tilelang.jit

- Refactored multiple examples to eliminate the use of `tilelang.compile` for kernel creation, directly invoking the functions instead.
- Added `@tilelang.jit` decorators with appropriate output indices to enhance performance and maintainability.
- Improved code clarity by simplifying the kernel invocation process across various examples, ensuring consistency in how kernels are defined and executed.

* format

* Update example_tilelang_sparse_gqa_decode_varlen_indice.py

* Update example_dequant_gemm_fine_grained.py

* Update example_gemm_autotune.py

---------
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>

Fix assertion in GQA backward example to ensure correct tensor comparison for gradient validation (#568)

* [CI] Add CI test for flash_attention examples

* Update example_gqa_fwd_bshd.py

* Update example_mha_fwd_bshd_wgmma_pipelined.py

* [CI] Added conditional annotations for tests in flash_attention

* [CI] Added conditional annotations for tests in flash_attention

---------
Co-authored-by: Lei Wang <34334180+LeiWang1999@users.noreply.github.com>

* [Enhancement] Add commit ID to versioning and improve logging initialization

* Updated `get_tilelang_version` to include an optional commit ID in the version string.
* Enhanced the `TileLangBuilPydCommand` to write the version with commit ID to the VERSION file during the build process.
* Introduced a new function `get_git_commit_id` in `version.py` to retrieve the current git commit hash.
* Refactored logger initialization in `autotuner/__init__.py` to ensure handlers are set up only once, improving performance and clarity.
* Minor fixes in `flatten_buffer.cc` and `kernel_cache.py` for better handling of versioning and logging.

* [Refactor] Enhance AutoTuner and JITKernel for improved performance and caching

* Refactored the AutoTuner class to include new methods for setting compilation and profiling arguments, enhancing configurability.
* Introduced caching mechanisms for tuning results, allowing for faster retrieval of previously computed configurations.
* Updated JITKernel to store tuning results, including latency and configuration details, improving the kernel's performance tracking.
* Added new methods for generating cache keys and saving/loading results to/from disk, streamlining the tuning process.
* Enhanced the overall structure and readability of the autotuning logic, ensuring better maintainability and clarity.
* Minor adjustments in related modules to support the new caching and profiling features.

* [Refactor] Clean up code formatting and improve readability in AutoTuner and related modules

* Consolidated import statements and removed unnecessary line breaks for better readability.
* Standardized function argument formatting across the AutoTuner and CompileArgs classes.
* Enhanced consistency in the use of whitespace and indentation throughout the codebase.
* Minor adjustments in the Profiler and JITKernel classes to improve clarity and maintainability.
* Ensured that all changes adhere to the project's coding style guidelines.

* [Refactor] Remove redundant type hints in AutoTuner modules

* Simplified import statements in `__init__.py` and `param.py` by removing unnecessary duplicate type hints for `Any`.
* Improved code readability and maintainability by streamlining type imports across the AutoTuner module.

* [Refactor] Update AutoTuner configuration for improved profiling and target detection

* Enhanced the AutoTuner configuration across multiple examples by adding `set_profile_args` to better manage profiling settings.
* Standardized the use of `target="auto"` in compile arguments to ensure automatic target detection.
* Removed redundant target specifications in certain instances to streamline the configuration process.
* Improved overall clarity and maintainability of the autotuning logic in various example scripts.

* [Refactor] Simplify code formatting and improve readability in example scripts

* Consolidated function argument formatting in `benchmark_mla_decode_amd_tilelang.py`, `example_elementwise_add.py`, and `performance.py` for better clarity.
* Removed unnecessary line breaks and standardized argument placement across multiple files.
* Enhanced overall code readability and maintainability in autotuning examples and performance scripts.

* [Refactor] Update JIT decorator usage across multiple files

* Removed redundant parameters from the JIT decorator in various benchmark and example scripts, simplifying the code.
* Standardized the import of the JIT decorator from `tilelang`, enhancing consistency across the codebase.
* Improved overall readability and maintainability by consolidating import statements and cleaning up function definitions.

* [Refactor] Standardize JIT decorator formatting across benchmark and example scripts

* Simplified the formatting of the JIT decorator in multiple files by removing unnecessary line breaks.
* Enhanced code readability and consistency in the usage of the JIT decorator across benchmark and example scripts.
* Improved overall maintainability by ensuring uniformity in function definitions and decorator usage.

[Refactor] Introduce quantize components of TileLang and add testing for dequant gemm exmaple (#494)

* Remove deprecated example_dequant_gemm.py and add DataType import in __init__.py

* lint fix

* lint fix

* Refactor dequantization examples to use tilelang imports and update data type handling in quantization utilities

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Update KernelLaunch to clarify CPU and GPU kernel launch logic

* Added comments to distinguish between CPU and GPU kernel launch sections for better code readability.
* Changed the creation of empty blocks to use a consistent "root" identifier, enhancing clarity in frame management.

* [Refactor] Rename operations for consistency in lower_hopper_intrin and related files

* Updated function names from CamelCase to snake_case for better consistency across the codebase.
* Refactored calls to `CreateTMADescriptorOp`, `CreateListofMBarrierOp`, and similar functions to their new names: `create_tma_descriptor`, `create_list_of_mbarrier`, etc.
* Adjusted corresponding test cases to reflect these changes, ensuring compatibility with the new naming conventions.

* [Refactor] Rename operations to snake_case for consistency

* Updated function names from CamelCase to snake_case across various files, including `CreateTMADescriptorOp` to `create_tma_descriptor`, `GetMBarrierOp` to `get_mbarrier`, and others.
* Adjusted corresponding calls and definitions in the codebase to reflect these naming changes, ensuring uniformity and improved readability.
* Enhanced layout inference and loop partitioning logic to accommodate the new naming conventions.

* [Feature] Introduce Warp Specialization and Eliminate Storage Sync for MBarrier

* Added a new example `gemm_ws.py` demonstrating matrix multiplication with warp specialization using TileLang.
* Implemented `WarpSpecializeFrame` and `WarpSpecialize` functionality to manage warp group indices in TIR frames.
* Introduced `EliminateStorageSyncForMBarrier` transformation to optimize storage synchronization in mbarrier regions.
* Enhanced the TileLang API with new methods for retrieving block and thread extents.
* Updated the `LowerAndLegalize` and `OptimizeForTarget` functions to incorporate the new transformation.
* Improved layout inference and kernel launch logic for better performance and clarity.

* [Refactor] Clean up code formatting and improve readability

* Added blank lines for better separation of code blocks in `gemm_ws.py`, `phase.py`, `kernel.py`, and `warpgroup.py`.
* Reformatted the `tilelang.compile` call in `gemm_ws.py` for improved clarity.
* Updated comments in `warpgroup.py` to clarify the availability of the `WarpSpecialize` function for NVIDIA GPUs.
* Ensured consistent spacing and formatting across multiple files to enhance overall code readability.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Update mbarrier functions for improved clarity and consistency

* Refactored `mbarrier_wait_parity` and `mbarrier_arrive` functions in `builtin.py` to accept explicit parameters for better readability.
* Updated calls in `gemm_ws.py` to use the new function signatures, enhancing code clarity.
* Adjusted `warpgroup.py` to remove unused thread extent variable, streamlining the code.
* Added detailed docstrings to clarify usage examples for memory barrier functions.

* Added blank lines in `mbarrier_wait_parity` and `mbarrier_arrive` functions in `builtin.py` for improved code readability and separation of logical sections.

* yes

* [Bugfix] fix the unexpected keyword error of autotune

* format

* test

* Update copyright notice in example_mha_bwd_wgmma_pipelined.py to reflect Tile-AI Corporation ownership.

* lint fix

* [Enhancement] Add support for CUDA architecture 8.9 in GEMM template

- Introduced conditional inclusion of "gemm_sm89.h" for CUDA architectures 8.9 and above, enhancing compatibility with newer hardware.
- This change ensures that the GEMM template can leverage optimizations specific to the 8.9 architecture, improving performance for users with compatible GPUs.

* lintfix

* [Refactor] Clean up includes in gemm_sm89.h

- Removed duplicate inclusion of "common.h" and added "cuda_fp8.h" for improved clarity and organization.
- This change enhances the maintainability of the code by ensuring that header files are included only once and in a logical order.

* [Enhancement] Improve KernelCache with in-memory caching and detailed docstrings

- Added an in-memory cache to the KernelCache class to enhance performance by reducing disk access.
- Updated the __new__ method to initialize the memory cache and added logic to check the cache before loading from disk.
- Enhanced docstrings across multiple methods to provide clearer explanations of parameters and return values, improving code readability and maintainability.
- Implemented a clear_cache method to clear both in-memory and disk caches, ensuring efficient cache management.

* lint fix

* typofix

* [Refactor] Update matmul and flashattn function calls to return structured results

- Modified the matmul and flashattn function calls to return a single object containing latency, configuration, and reference latency, improving code clarity and reducing the number of returned variables.
- Updated all relevant instances in benchmark and example scripts to accommodate the new return structure, ensuring consistent usage across the codebase.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Improve flash attention example and layout comparison logic

- Removed unnecessary annotation for `lse_local_split` in the flash attention example to streamline the code.
- Updated the handling of `lse_local_split` to utilize parallel processing for better performance.
- Refactored kernel compilation and profiling logic to enhance clarity and maintainability in the flash attention example.
- Added a condition in `FragmentNode::IsEqual` to handle broadcast cases, improving the robustness of layout comparisons.

* lint fix

* [Enhancement] Add support for shared memory scope in Fill operation

- Introduced handling for `shared.dyn` and `shared` memory scopes in the Fill operation.
- Implemented parallel operation and layout inference for improved performance in shared memory scenarios.
- Updated thread loop partitioning and vectorization logic to accommodate new memory scope handling.

* [Refactor] Remove deprecated decorator and enhance Cython kernel handling

- Removed the deprecated decorator from the main module and added a new implementation in the utils module for better organization.
- Introduced a pointer map in the Cython kernel adapter to manage pointer arguments, improving runtime shape resolution.
- Updated the Cython kernel wrapper to utilize the new pointer map for handling kernel arguments.
- Enhanced error checking in the tensor utility functions to ensure static shapes are enforced.
- Added a new proxy module for buffer and tensor handling, streamlining the interface for TIR programs.

* [Feature] Add matrix multiplication test and kernel implementation

- Introduced a new test file `test_tilelang_language_ptr.py` that implements a matrix multiplication function using TileLang's primitives.
- The `matmul_test` function defines a kernel for performing tile-level GEMM operations with customizable block sizes and data types.
- Added a `run_matmul` function to compile and execute the kernel, along with a test function to validate the implementation.
- Updated the `proxy.py` file to enhance type handling for buffer and tensor proxies, ensuring compatibility with TIR programs.
- Minor formatting improvements in `deprecated.py` for better readability.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Update tensor creation in matrix multiplication test

- Replaced `T.Tensor.from_ptr` with `T.make_tensor` in `matmul_test` for improved clarity and consistency.
- Updated imports in `__init__.py` to include `make_tensor`.
- Added `make_tensor` function in `proxy.py` to streamline tensor creation from pointers.

* [Refactor] Update tensor definitions across multiple files

- Replaced instances of `T.Tensor` with updated tensor definitions in various benchmark and example files to enhance consistency and clarity.
- Adjusted tensor shapes and types in functions related to matrix multiplication, attention mechanisms, and other operations.
- Improved documentation in README and example files to reflect changes in tensor usage.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Update tensor types in attention and matrix multiplication examples

- Replaced instances of `T.Tensor` with `T.SharedTensor` and `T.FragmentTensor` in various attention and matrix multiplication functions to improve consistency and clarity.
- Adjusted tensor definitions in benchmark and example files to align with the new tensor types.
- Enhanced the overall structure and readability of the code by standardizing tensor usage across multiple files.

* lint fix

* [Refactor] Update tensor types in GEMM example and test files

- Replaced instances of `T.Tensor` with `T.LocalTensor` and `T.Buffer` in the GEMM example and related test functions to improve consistency and clarity.
- Enhanced the overall structure of the code by standardizing tensor usage across multiple files, aligning with recent updates in tensor definitions.

* [Refactor] Update tensor usage in customize.py

- Replaced instances of `T.Tensor` with `T.Buffer` in the `reshape` and `view` functions to enhance consistency with recent tensor definitions.
- Improved code clarity by standardizing buffer usage across the file.

* [Refactor] Update tensor types in test_tilelang_transform_annotate_device_regions.py

- Replaced instances of `T.Tensor` with `T.Buffer` in the `before` and `expected` methods of the `TestAnnotateThreadExtent` and `TestAnnotateDeviceScope` classes to enhance consistency with recent tensor definitions.
- Improved code clarity by standardizing buffer usage across the test file.

* [Refactor] Update tensor types to SharedBuffer and FragmentBuffer

- Replaced instances of `T.SharedTensor` and `T.FragmentTensor` with `T.SharedBuffer` and `T.FragmentBuffer` across multiple benchmark, example, and test files to enhance consistency with recent tensor definitions.
- Improved code clarity and structure by standardizing buffer usage in attention and matrix multiplication functions.

* [Refactor] Introduce Tensor alias for Buffer in proxy.py

- Added a new alias `Tensor` for `Buffer` in `proxy.py` to facilitate JIT compilation, ensuring that inputs and outputs are mapped with `torch.Tensor`.
- This change enhances clarity and consistency in tensor usage across the codebase.

* fix tune args

* lint

* Refactor gemm example and autotuner logging

- Updated `ref_program` in `example_gemm.py` to return the result of matrix multiplication instead of modifying an input parameter.
- Changed logging filename in `__init__.py` from 'out.log' to 'autotuner.log' for better clarity.
- Modified JIT kernel compilation process to include `out_idx` directly in the adapter creation, enhancing flexibility.
- Improved validation of `result_idx` in `BaseKernelAdapter` to ensure it falls within valid bounds.

* Refactor `ref_program` in `benchmark_matmul_intrinsic.py` to use the `@` operator for matrix multiplication instead of `torch.matmul`, simplifying the implementation by removing the unused parameter `C`.

---------
Co-authored-by: LeiWang1999 <leiwang1999@outlook.com>

* Add GPU kernel for 2D continuous cumulative sum in TileLang example

- Introduced a new example script `example_tilelang_cumsum.py` that generates a GPU kernel for 2D continuous cumulative sum.
- Implemented functions to handle kernel configuration, memory allocation, and inclusive scan operations.
- Added a main execution block to demonstrate the kernel's functionality using PyTorch for tensor operations.
- Enhanced the example with error handling for power-of-two configurations and validation of results against PyTorch's built-in cumulative sum function.

* Refactor TileLang examples and enhance kernel compilation

- Updated `example_tilelang_cumsum.py` to improve GPU kernel generation for 2D continuous cumulative sum, including better parameter handling and error checking.
- Refactored `example_mha_bwd.py` to enhance kernel compilation readability and maintainability.
- Modified `kernel_cache.py` to prevent saving kernels to disk when using the DLPack backend, ensuring proper cache management.
- Added `get_block_bindings` function to `kernel.py` for improved access to block bindings in kernel launch frames.
- Cleaned up import statements in `__init__.py` for better organization and clarity.

* Enhance GPU kernel for 2D continuous cumulative sum in TileLang example

- Added additional spacing for improved readability in `example_tilelang_cumsum.py`.
- Refined kernel structure to enhance clarity and maintainability during GPU kernel generation for cumulative sum operations.

* remove llvm build

* [Refactor] Update kernel compilation and profiling in examples

- Replaced `tilelang.lower` with `tilelang.compile` in multiple example scripts to streamline kernel compilation.
- Updated profiling calls to utilize the new `get_profiler` method, enhancing performance measurement consistency.
- Adjusted assertions and benchmarking methods to align with the new profiling structure across various examples, ensuring correctness and clarity in performance evaluations.

* lint fix

* License Update

* [Refactor] Improve code formatting and documentation in CUDA header and HIP runtime files

- Adjusted formatting in `cuda.h` for better readability, including alignment of comments and struct fields.
- Cleaned up whitespace and improved comment clarity in `rt_mod_hip.cc` to enhance code maintainability.

* [Refactor] Enhance formatting and clarity in CUDA header and HIP runtime files

- Improved comment alignment and readability in `cuda.h`.
- Cleaned up whitespace and formatting in `rt_mod_hip.cc` to enhance maintainability.

* lint fix

* lint fix

* lint fix

* lint fix

* fix

* License update

* [Enhancement] Update JITKernel to use artifact for kernel source

- Assigned the generated artifact to `self.artifact` for better management.
- Updated kernel source references to use `artifact.kernel_source` for consistency in execution backend handling.

* lint fix

* Add @tilelang.testing.requires_llvm decorator to vectorization tests

* Enhance setup.py and env.py for library management

- Added functionality to remove original files after copying in CMakeBuild.
- Updated TVM_LIBRARY_PATH in env.py to include the PyPI build library path for better integration.

* Refactor TVM_LIBRARY_PATH assignment for improved readability in env.py

* Refactor CMakeBuild file handling in setup.py

- Added a check to ensure the target library directory exists before copying .so files.
- Improved the logic for creating the target directory and copying files to enhance robustness.

* bugfix

* Rename BuildTLDebug to BuildTileLangCUDAWithoutCompile and update registration. Add @tilelang.testing.requires_llvm decorator to multiple tests for LLVM requirement.

* lint fix

* Enhance TileLang code generation by adding support for device code generation without compilation. Updated `host_codegen` and `device_codegen` functions to include new transformations and registration for `tilelang_hip_without_compile`. Refactored JIT kernel adapters to accommodate host and device modules, improving overall integration and flexibility.

* lint fix

* Add support for C target in device code generation

- Updated `device_codegen_without_compile` to include handling for the C target by registering the `tilelang_cpp` function.

* [Enhancement] Implement auto-clear cache feature based on environment variable

* Added TILELANG_CLEAR_CACHE environment variable to control cache clearing.
* Updated CI workflow to set TILELANG_CLEAR_CACHE during testing.
* Modified cache initialization to clear cache if TILELANG_CLEAR_CACHE is set to true.

* [Refactor] Update kernel invocation and import paths in tests and cache

* Changed kernel invocation in `test_tilelang_kernel_dequantize_gemm.py` to return the result.
* Updated import statements in `test_tilelang_kernel_int4_gemm_mma.py` to use `bitblas` instead of `tilelang`.
* Refactored paths for artifact and parameters in `kernel_cache.py` for better maintainability.

* [Refactor] Clean up whitespace and improve code formatting in kernel_cache.py

* Removed unnecessary blank lines and adjusted spacing for better readability in the KernelCache class.
* Enhanced overall code formatting to align with project standards.

* [Enhancement] Add bfloat16 test case and improve kernel caching logic

* Introduced a new test case for bfloat16 matrix multiplication in `test_tilelang_kernel_gemm_mma_intrinsic.py`.
* Updated `KernelCache` to handle multiple kernel source files and improve error handling during saving and loading.
* Refactored `JITKernel` to support instantiation from a database, enhancing flexibility in kernel management.
* Adjusted `CtypesKernelAdapter` and `CythonKernelAdapter` to utilize the new kernel loading mechanism from the database.
* Improved code formatting and readability across several files.

* lint fix

* Update bfloat16 matrix multiplication test case to use larger dimensions for improved coverage

* [BugFix] Fix bug of missing MBarrierExpectTX

* [Dev] Implement FlashAttention3 Backward

- Added a new example for Flash Attention using pipelined WGMMA, including forward and backward pass implementations.
- Introduced functions for forward and backward processing, leveraging tilelang for optimized tensor operations.
- Enhanced the attention mechanism with support for both causal and non-causal configurations.
- Included command-line arguments for batch size, number of heads, context size, and head dimension for flexibility in testing.
- Updated GEMM operations to support a new `wg_wait` parameter for improved synchronization in kernel execution.

- Replaced instances of `tilelang.lower` and `tilelang.Profiler` with `tilelang.compile` and the new profiler interface in multiple example files.
- Enhanced the kernel compilation process to utilize the updated API, improving consistency and maintainability.
- Adjusted benchmarking logic to use the new profiler methods for better clarity and functionality in performance testing.
- Cleaned up whitespace and improved formatting for better readability across the modified files.

* [Example] Modify tuning configurations for FlashAttention example

* [Examples] formatting example_gqa_fwd_bshd.py

- Introduce `example_gqa_bwd.py` demonstrating the backward pass of FlashAttention with pipelined execution.
- Implement forward and backward functions for FlashAttention, including preprocessing and postprocessing steps.
- Enhance argument parsing for batch size, heads, context size, and dimensions.
- Include a reference implementation for validation and performance benchmarking.

- Introduce `example_gqa_fwd_bshd_wgmma_pipelined.py` demonstrating a pipelined implementation of FlashAttention.
- Update sequence length parameter in existing example to 8192 and adjust number of stages for improved performance.
- Enhance argument parsing to accommodate new configurations for batch size, heads, and groups.

* Optimize CMake build process with dynamic job count calculation

- Modify build_csrc function to use 90% of available CPU cores
- Ensure at least one job is used during compilation
- Improve build performance by dynamically adjusting parallel job count

* Optimize build_csrc function with multiprocessing module

- Replace os.cpu_count() with multiprocessing.cpu_count()
- Maintain existing 90% CPU utilization logic
- Improve CPU core count calculation for build process

* Add dynamic shape support with out_idx in Cython JIT kernel compilation

- Implement `run_cython_dynamic_shape_with_out_idx` function in test_tilelang_jit_gemm_cython.py
- Update Cython wrapper to handle dynamic symbolic shapes during tensor allocation
- Add support for resolving dynamic shape dimensions using input tensor references
- Enhance flexibility of JIT kernel compilation with symbolic shape handling

* Enhance error reporting for dynamic symbolic shape resolution in Cython JIT kernel

- Add detailed error message when a dynamic symbolic dimension is not found in dynamic_symbolic_map
- Improve debugging by providing context about missing symbolic dimensions
- Maintain existing dynamic shape resolution logic

* Fix Copy operation handling for scalar and multi-dimensional tensors

- Add special handling for scalar tensor copy operations
- Enhance error reporting in MakeIndices method with more detailed diagnostic information
- Improve SIMT loop generation to support zero-dimensional tensors
- Add explicit check and handling for scalar tensor scenarios

* Refactor Copy operation code formatting and improve readability

- Improve code formatting in MakeIndices and MakeSIMTLoop methods
- Add line breaks to enhance readability of complex ICHECK statements
- Simplify code structure in scalar tensor handling
- Remove unnecessary whitespace and improve code alignment

* Simplify GEMM example with direct kernel compilation

- Update copyright header to Tile-AI Corporation
- Remove Profiler import and usage
- Replace tilelang.lower() with tilelang.compile()
- Simplify kernel execution workflow
- Update kernel source retrieval method

* Enhance block sparse attention implementation

- Update `blocksparse_flashattn` to use 2 stages for improved performance.
- Change `block_mask_dtype` from `int8` to `bool` for better memory efficiency.
- Modify condition checks in the kernel to utilize boolean values.
- Introduce a new example for top-k sparse attention and a benchmark for native sparse attention.
- Add support for asynchronous copy in PTX and improve pipeline planning with condition handling.

* Refactor and clean up code formatting across multiple files

- Added whitespace for improved readability in `example_blocksparse_gemm.py`, `example_tilelang_nsa_fwd.py`, and `benchmark_nsa_fwd.py`.
- Enhanced code structure and alignment in `inject_ptx_async_copy.cc` and `pipeline_planning.cc`.
- Updated comments and documentation for clarity in `__init__.py` and `phase.py`.
- Ensured consistent formatting and style across the codebase.

* Add kernel caching mechanism to TileLang

- Implement a new `cached` function in `tilelang/cache/__init__.py` to cache and reuse compiled kernels
- Expose the `cached` function in the main `tilelang/__init__.py`
- Add a test case for cached matrix multiplication in `testing/python/cache/test_tilelang_cache_matmul.py`
- Provide a `clear_cache()` function to reset the kernel cache when needed

* Refactor kernel caching test and implementation

- Simplify the `cached` function in `tilelang/cache/__init__.py`
- Update test script `test_tilelang_cache_matmul.py` to use `tilelang.testing.main()`
- Remove unnecessary whitespace and improve code formatting

* Update import for `cached` function in MHA examples

- Modify import statement in `example_mha_bwd.py` and `test_tilelang_kernel_mha_bwd.py`
- Change import from `tilelang.profiler import cached` to `tilelang import cached`
- Align with recent refactoring of kernel caching mechanism

* Refactor `cached` function signature in kernel caching

- Update function signature to use keyword-only arguments for `target` and `target_host`
- Improve parameter order and readability of the `cached` decorator
- Maintain existing functionality while enhancing function definition

* Change default log level from WARNING to INFO in TileLang initialization

* Refactor Flash Attention Variable-Length MHA Example with Cython Backend Support

- Update `example_mha_fwd_varlen.py` to use Cython backend for kernel compilation
- Remove unused imports and simplify function signature
- Modify `flashattn` function to handle max sequence length as a separate argument
- Update kernel call to include max sequence length parameter
- Improve code readability and remove commented-out code
- Add print statement to confirm successful assertion

* Refactor code formatting in TileLang lowering and example files

- Improve line breaks and code formatting in `lower.py`, `wrapper.py`, and `tensor.py`
- Simplify line breaks and reduce unnecessary whitespace
- Enhance code readability by adjusting indentation and line breaks
- Update example MHA forward pass script with cleaner tensor initialization

* Update TileLang kernel test with import path changes for MMA layout and macro generator

- Modify import statements in test_tilelang_kernel_dequantize_gemm.py
- Replace bitblas imports with tilelang.intrinsics imports for MMA-related utilities
- Update main function to use tilelang.testing.main()

* Add Block Sparse Attention Examples for TileLang and Triton

- Implement block sparse attention kernels for both TileLang and Triton
- Add utility functions for generating sparse attention masks using top-k and threshold methods
- Support causal and variable-length attention scenarios
- Include test cases for different sequence length configurations
- Demonstrate block-level sparse attention with configurable parameters

* Refactor Block Sparse Attention Examples with Code Style Improvements

- Improve code formatting in block_sparse_attn_tilelang.py and block_sparse_attn_triton.py
- Enhance readability by adjusting line breaks and indentation
- Simplify kernel and function calls with better formatting
- Add whitespace and line break improvements for better code clarity

* Change default log level from WARNING to INFO in TileLang initialization

* Refactor Flash Attention Variable-Length MHA Example with Cython Backend Support

- Update `example_mha_fwd_varlen.py` to use Cython backend for kernel compilation
- Remove unused imports and simplify function signature
- Modify `flashattn` function to handle max sequence length as a separate argument
- Update kernel call to include max sequence length parameter
- Improve code readability and remove commented-out code
- Add print statement to confirm successful assertion

* Refactor code formatting in TileLang lowering and example files

- Improve line breaks and code formatting in `lower.py`, `wrapper.py`, and `tensor.py`
- Simplify line breaks and reduce unnecessary whitespace
- Enhance code readability by adjusting indentation and line breaks
- Update example MHA forward pass script with cleaner tensor initialization

* Add DeepSeek MLA decode example with Flash Attention implementation

* Add GEMM SplitK and StreamK example implementations

This commit introduces two new example scripts demonstrating advanced GEMM (matrix multiplication) techniques:
- `example_tilelang_gemm_splitk.py`: Implements a Split-K GEMM kernel using TileLang
- `example_tilelang_gemm_streamk.py`: Implements a Stream-K GEMM kernel using TileLang

Both examples showcase different parallel computation strategies for matrix multiplication, with comprehensive testing using PyTorch reference implementations.

* Refactor GEMM SplitK and StreamK example implementations

Clean up and improve code formatting for the SplitK and StreamK GEMM example scripts:
- Remove unused import (Profiler) in splitk example
- Simplify line breaks and improve code readability
- Standardize indentation and remove unnecessary whitespace
- Optimize atomic add and copy operations for better clarity

* Add block sparse attention benchmarks for multiple libraries

This commit introduces comprehensive block sparse attention benchmarks for different libraries:
- TileLang block sparse FMHA implementation
- Triton block sparse FMHA implementation
- PyTorch reference block sparse FMHA implementation
- FlashAttention dense FMHA reference implementation

The benchmarks include:
- Configurable benchmark parameters (batch size, heads, sequence length, etc.)
- Sparse mask generation using top-k and threshold methods
- Performance measurement for different sparse attention configurations
- Utility functions for mask generation and benchmarking

* Refactor block sparse attention benchmarks with code style improvements

- Add Ruff linter ignore comments to benchmark files
- Improve code formatting and line breaks
- Remove unused imports
- Standardize print statement formatting
- Enhance code readability across multiple library benchmarks

* lint fix

* Add CUDA atomic operations for BFLOAT16 and update function naming

- Implement AtomicAdd functions for BFLOAT16 and BFLOAT16x2 in CUDA common header
- Rename existing atomic add functions to use PascalCase (atomicAdd -> AtomicAdd)
- Add a new __pack_nv_bfloat162 function for packing BFLOAT16 values
- Update kernel and language customization to use new function names
- Add return type annotations in profiler module

* lint fix

* Add example for Group Query Attention (GQA) forward pass using Flash Attention in TileLang

This commit introduces a new example script `example_gqa_fwd_bshd.py` that demonstrates:
- Group Query Attention (GQA) implementation
- Flash Attention forward pass
- Performance benchmarking
- Configurable parameters for batch, heads, sequence length, and dimension
- Autotuning support
- Reference implementation comparison

* Refactor IR lowering pipeline into modular phases

This commit introduces a new module `phase.py` to modularize the IR lowering process by splitting the complex lowering pipeline into two distinct phases:
- `LowerAndLegalize`: Handles initial IR legalization and transformation
- `OptimizeForTarget`: Applies target-specific optimizations

The changes simplify the lowering logic in multiple files by extracting the transformation steps into reusable functions, improving code readability and maintainability.

* lintfix

* nas kernel

* Enhance Native Sparse Attention Examples with Code Improvements and Parameter Updates

- Updated example_tilelang_nsa.py and example_triton_nsa.py with code formatting and style improvements
- Increased default number of heads and selected blocks in TileLang NSA example
- Added Ruff linter ignore comments to reference.py
- Standardized function signatures and improved code readability across NSA implementations

* Add utility math functions for integer operations

- Implement `next_power_of_2()` to calculate the next power of 2 for an integer
- Add `cdiv()` function for ceiling division of integers

* Add utility math functions for integer operations

- Implement `next_power_of_2()` to calculate the next power of 2 for an integer
- Add `cdiv()` function for ceiling division of integers

* Refactor DeepSeek MLA Decode Example with Enhanced Flash Attention Implementation

- Update flash attention kernel to support positional embeddings (PE)
- Modify reference implementation to handle PE and group query attention
- Increase default batch size and adjust benchmarking parameters
- Improve kernel performance and readability
- Add einops and torch operations for more flexible tensor manipulation

* Update README.md with corrected Flash MLA Decoding example path

- Modify the example link for Flash MLA Decoding to point to the correct directory
- Ensure accurate navigation to the DeepSeek MLA decoding example

* Refactor Native Sparse Attention Kernel and Improve Utility Functions

This commit introduces several improvements:
- Simplified native sparse attention kernel by inlining macro functions in example_tilelang_nsa.py
- Enhanced error handling in loop_partition.cc with more informative error messages
- Updated print.py to support multi-dimensional buffer printing
- Improved torch_assert_close in testing/__init__.py with more detailed mismatch reporting
- Reduced default absolute tolerance in torch comparison from 1e-3 to 1e-2
- Added shape validation and detailed mismatch information in tensor comparison

* Refactor Code Formatting and Improve Utility Functions

This commit introduces several code formatting and utility improvements:
- Add Ruff linter ignore comment in example_tilelang_nsa.py
- Enhance code readability in loop_partition.cc and lower_tile_op.cc with improved line breaks
- Simplify print_flat_buffer_with_condition in print.py
- Refactor torch_assert_close in testing/__init__.py with improved line formatting

* Enhance Buffer Printing Support for Fragment and Shared Memory Buffers

This commit improves the print functionality in print.py by:
- Adding support for printing fragment memory buffers
- Implementing a new print_fragment_buffer_with_condition macro
- Extending print_shared_buffer_with_condition for shared memory buffers
- Updating the generic print function to handle different buffer scopes

* Resolve merge conflict in print.py

Remove merge conflict marker and clean up whitespace in the print module

* Add Variable-Length Multi-Head Attention (MHA) Example with Flash Attention Support

Introduce a new example script `example_mha_fwd_varlen.py` that demonstrates:
- Variable-length Multi-Head Attention (MHA) implementation
- Flash Attention forward pass with padding mask support
- Performance benchmarking for variable-length sequences
- Configurable parameters for batch, heads, sequence length, and dimension
- Reference implementation comparison with PyTorch and FlashAttention

* Refactor Flash Attention Variable-Length MHA Example

Improve code formatting and readability in the variable-length multi-head attention example:
- Add Ruff linter ignore comment
- Enhance code style with consistent formatting
- Remove unused imports
- Improve line breaks and indentation
- Simplify function signatures and lambda expressions