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Currently only implemented for a single process and expert.

authored-by: Naman Goyal <namangoyal@learnfair0755.h2.fair>

* Add unittest for checkpoint & DDP

- this change adds test cases to reproduce the error with checkpoint & DDP
- mandeep mentioned that there is also deadlock in this case, but this
  change doesn't cover that.
- we cover cases where weight sharing is OK
- however, same module multiple checkpoint or find_unused_parameters are
  both not OK

* added norm checks

Same bucketing strategy for OSS and SDP:
sort everything ahead of time, per rank and per size, smaller tensors first. Bucket the smallest elements in a fixed buffer, send async, then send all the others async, and get back to the bucket. Once done then scatter the contents if needed

support optimizer state sharding for megatron

* minor, but gives some memory back
* adjust CI and regression checks to 4 gpu

- adding the buffer broadcast option
- minor cleanup in shardedDDP

add badges and link to readthedoc

- small benchmark refactor, only one for all backends and ddp
- deterministic, enforce alignment with pytorch ddp

* various fixes, no more issues with `make html` and more API fields should be populated

* Broadcasting grad-enabled tensors is forbidden in Gloo, because this is not differentiable. Workaround

* Doc extensions to some APIs
* FIx the benchmark and tutorial

Adds support for distributing pipeline stages across multiple processes (and therefore multiple machines)
* Adds a style argument to the Pipe constructor, defaulting to PipelineStyle.SingleProcess, but also supporting PipelineStyle.MultiProcess
* Added support for lazy construction of modules (see lazy_construction for an example)
* Added two implementations of inter-process communication: one based on rpc with globally visible queues, one based on send/recv
* Copied all the relevant tests from tests/pipe to tests/pipe_process and modified them to exercise PipelineStyle.MultiProcess

- rename oss_ddp to ShardedDataParallel
- some refactoring
- ShardedDataParallel owns the sharded optimizer, exposed if need be
- some small perf bumps

Add a small tutorial, similar to the OSS README

skip python venv files, and coverage reports

Return either the local or global state when queried, depending on a prior consolidation

Make OSS compatible with optimizers which do not support the closure argument

Also updated canonical_url to be fairscale.
Also removed unnecessary htmi_theme_path.

Changes the broadcast calls in the OSS step() function to make them asynchronous

Changes the structure of the returned state dict with respect to the param_groups to make it closer to what a vanilla optimizer would return (un-shard them). Shard again when loading

Needed for working correctly with readthedocs.org