test_router_e2e_with_vllm.py

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2025-2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

# Timing notes (measured locally):
# - GPU-1 subset (`-m "gpu_1 and not gpu_2"`): 130.43s total for 3 tests.
# These tests load a real model and can be slow/flaky when GPU resources are contended,
# so we set explicit pytest timeouts to fail fast on hangs (see per-test markers below).
import logging
import os
import time
from typing import Any, Dict, Optional

import pytest

from tests.router.common import (  # utilities
    _test_router_basic,
    _test_router_decisions,
    _test_router_indexers_sync,
    generate_random_suffix,
    get_runtime,
)
from tests.utils.constants import DefaultPort
from tests.utils.managed_process import ManagedProcess
from tests.utils.port_utils import allocate_ports, deallocate_ports

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

MODEL_NAME = "TinyLlama/TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat-v1.0"

pytestmark = [
    pytest.mark.e2e,
    pytest.mark.router,
    pytest.mark.vllm,
    pytest.mark.model(MODEL_NAME),
]
SPEEDUP_RATIO = 10.0
NUM_REQUESTS = 10
BLOCK_SIZE = 16


def allocate_frontend_ports(request, count: int) -> list[int]:
    """Allocate random free frontend ports for xdist-safe execution."""
    ports = allocate_ports(count, DefaultPort.FRONTEND.value)
    request.addfinalizer(lambda: deallocate_ports(ports))
    return ports


# Shared test payload for all tests
TEST_PAYLOAD: Dict[str, Any] = {
    "model": MODEL_NAME,
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "In a quiet meadow tucked between rolling hills, a plump gray rabbit nibbled on clover beneath the shade of a gnarled oak tree. Its ears twitched at the faint rustle of leaves, but it remained calm, confident in the safety of its burrow just a few hops away. The late afternoon sun warmed its fur, and tiny dust motes danced in the golden light as bees hummed lazily nearby. Though the rabbit lived a simple life, every day was an adventure of scents, shadows, and snacks—an endless search for the tastiest patch of greens and the softest spot to nap.",
        }
    ],
    "stream": True,
    "max_tokens": 10,
}

# Shared vLLM configuration for all tests
# gpu_memory_utilization limits actual VRAM allocation (required for multi-worker on same GPU)
VLLM_ARGS: Dict[str, Any] = {
    "block_size": BLOCK_SIZE,
    "model": MODEL_NAME,
    "gpu_memory_utilization": 0.4,  # Limit VRAM allocation per worker
    "max_model_len": 1024,  # Limit context length to reduce KV cache size
    "enforce_eager": True,  # Disable CUDA graphs for faster startup & lower memory
}


class VLLMProcess:
    """Manages vLLM workers using dynamo.vllm (HTTP API + KV events).

    This is a drop-in replacement for MockerProcess that uses real vLLM workers.
    The key difference: dynamo.vllm automatically handles:
    - HTTP API serving
    - KV cache event publishing (ZMQ → NATS bridge)
    - Integration with dynamo.frontend router
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        request,
        vllm_args: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        num_workers: int = 2,
        single_gpu: bool = False,
        data_parallel_size: Optional[int] = None,
        request_plane: str = "tcp",
        store_backend: str = "etcd",
        durable_kv_events: bool = False,
    ):
        """Initialize vLLM workers with dynamo integration.

        Args:
            request: pytest request fixture for log directory
            vllm_args: Configuration dict with keys:
                - block_size: KV cache block size (default: 16)
                - model: Model name/path (default: TinyLlama-1.1B)
                - gpu_memory_utilization: Fraction of GPU memory to allocate (optional)
                - num_gpu_blocks_override: Cap on number of KV cache blocks (optional)
                - max_model_len: Maximum sequence length (optional)
                - enforce_eager: Disable CUDA graphs (default: False)
            num_workers: Number of vLLM worker processes
            single_gpu: If True, all workers share GPU 0
            data_parallel_size: If set, enables data parallelism with this many ranks (num_workers must equal data_parallel_size)
            request_plane: Request plane to use ("nats", "tcp", or "http"). Defaults to "tcp".
            store_backend: Storage backend to use ("etcd" or "file"). Defaults to "etcd".
            durable_kv_events: If True, use JetStream for durable KV events. Defaults to False (NATS Core mode).
        """
        # Generate unique namespace for isolation
        namespace_suffix = generate_random_suffix()
        self.namespace = f"test-namespace-{namespace_suffix}"
        self.component_name = "backend"
        self.endpoint = f"dyn://{self.namespace}.{self.component_name}.generate"
        self.num_workers = num_workers
        self.data_parallel_size = data_parallel_size
        self.worker_processes = []
        self.store_backend = store_backend

        # Dynamically allocate unique system, KV event, and NIXL side-channel
        # ports (one of each per worker) to avoid conflicts in parallel test runs.
        self._system_ports = allocate_ports(num_workers, DefaultPort.SYSTEM1.value)
        self._kv_event_ports = allocate_ports(num_workers, DefaultPort.SYSTEM1.value)
        self._nixl_ports = allocate_ports(num_workers, DefaultPort.SYSTEM1.value)
        request.addfinalizer(
            lambda: deallocate_ports(
                self._system_ports + self._kv_event_ports + self._nixl_ports
            )
        )

        if vllm_args is None:
            vllm_args = {}

        block_size = vllm_args.get("block_size", BLOCK_SIZE)
        model = vllm_args.get("model", MODEL_NAME)
        gpu_memory_utilization = vllm_args.get("gpu_memory_utilization")
        num_gpu_blocks_override = vllm_args.get("num_gpu_blocks_override")
        max_model_len = vllm_args.get("max_model_len")
        enforce_eager = vllm_args.get("enforce_eager", False)

        self.model_name = model

        # Create vLLM worker processes
        # Matches test.sh behavior:
        # - When data_parallel_size is set, launch one process per DP rank
        # - Each process gets --data-parallel-rank and --data-parallel-size
        # - Each process runs on its own GPU via CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES
        # - --connector nixl enables KV cache transfer between ranks

        for worker_idx in range(num_workers):
            # Calculate GPU device for this process
            if single_gpu:
                # Force all processes to GPU 0 (for single-GPU testing)
                gpu_device = "0"
            elif data_parallel_size is not None:
                # Worker sees dp_rank GPUs (each DP rank gets its own GPU)
                worker_start_gpu = worker_idx * data_parallel_size
                gpu_device = ",".join(
                    str(i)
                    for i in range(
                        worker_start_gpu, worker_start_gpu + data_parallel_size
                    )
                )
            else:
                # No DP; worker sees one GPU
                gpu_device = str(worker_idx)

            command = [
                "python3",
                "-m",
                "dynamo.vllm",
                "--model",
                model,
                "--block-size",
                str(block_size),
            ]

            # Disable CUDA graphs for faster startup & lower memory
            if enforce_eager:
                command.append("--enforce-eager")

            # Limit VRAM allocation (required for multi-worker on same GPU)
            if gpu_memory_utilization is not None:
                command.extend(
                    ["--gpu-memory-utilization", str(gpu_memory_utilization)]
                )

            # Add optional max_model_len if specified
            if max_model_len is not None:
                command.extend(["--max-model-len", str(max_model_len)])

            # Cap block count for predictable KV cache behavior
            if num_gpu_blocks_override is not None:
                command.extend(
                    ["--num-gpu-blocks-override", str(num_gpu_blocks_override)]
                )

            if data_parallel_size is not None:
                # Add DP configuration for external load balancing
                # See: https://docs.vllm.ai/en/v0.10.0/serving/data_parallel_deployment.html#external-load-balancing
                command.extend(
                    [
                        "--data-parallel-size",
                        str(data_parallel_size),
                        # "--data-parallel-address", "127.0.0.1",  # Required for DP coordination
                        # "--data-parallel-rpc-port", "13345",  # RPC port for DP coordination
                        # "--connector", "nixl",  # Required for KV transfer between DP ranks
                    ]
                )

            # Use --durable-kv-events to enable JetStream mode (local indexer disabled)
            if durable_kv_events:
                command.append("--durable-kv-events")

            # Ports are dynamically allocated for xdist-safe parallel execution.
            system_port = self._system_ports[worker_idx]
            kv_event_port = self._kv_event_ports[worker_idx]
            nixl_port = self._nixl_ports[worker_idx]

            env = os.environ.copy()  # Copy parent environment
            env_vars = {
                "CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES": gpu_device,
                "DYN_NAMESPACE": self.namespace,
                "DYN_REQUEST_PLANE": request_plane,
                "DYN_SYSTEM_PORT": str(system_port),
                "DYN_VLLM_KV_EVENT_PORT": str(kv_event_port),
                "VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT": str(nixl_port),
                "PYTHONHASHSEED": "0",  # for deterministic event id's
            }

            # Add DYN_FILE_KV if using file storage backend
            if self.store_backend == "file" and "DYN_FILE_KV" in os.environ:
                env_vars["DYN_FILE_KV"] = os.environ["DYN_FILE_KV"]

            env.update(env_vars)

            # Create managed process for the worker
            process = ManagedProcess(
                command=command,
                env=env,
                timeout=120,  # Allow time for model loading
                display_output=True,
                health_check_ports=[],
                health_check_urls=[],
                log_dir=request.node.name,
                terminate_all_matching_process_names=False,
            )
            self.worker_processes.append(process)
            if data_parallel_size is not None:
                logger.info(
                    f"Created {data_parallel_size} DP ranks per worker on GPU(s) {gpu_device} "
                    f"(gpu_mem={gpu_memory_utilization}, system_port={system_port}) "
                    f"with endpoint: {self.endpoint}"
                )
            else:
                logger.info(
                    f"Created vLLM worker {worker_idx} on GPU {gpu_device} "
                    f"(gpu_mem={gpu_memory_utilization}, system_port={system_port}) "
                    f"with endpoint: {self.endpoint}"
                )

    def __enter__(self):
        """Start all vLLM worker processes with sequential initialization.

        Workers are started sequentially with a delay between each to avoid
        NIXL/UCX resource contention during initialization. This prevents
        UCX shared memory handle allocation failures when multiple workers
        try to initialize simultaneously on the same GPU.
        """
        logger.info(
            f"[VLLMProcess] Starting {len(self.worker_processes)} worker processes sequentially..."
        )

        # Start each process sequentially, waiting for NIXL initialization before next
        for i, process in enumerate(self.worker_processes):
            logger.info(f"[VLLMProcess] Starting vLLM worker {i}...")
            try:
                # Manually initialize the process without blocking on health checks
                process._logger = logging.getLogger(process.__class__.__name__)
                process._command_name = process.command[0]
                os.makedirs(process.log_dir, exist_ok=True)
                log_name = f"{process._command_name}.log.txt"
                process._log_path = os.path.join(process.log_dir, log_name)

                if process.data_dir:
                    process._remove_directory(process.data_dir)

                process._terminate_all_matching_process_names()
                logger.info(
                    f"[VLLMProcess] Launching process {i} (pid will be assigned)..."
                )
                process._start_process()  # Start the process but don't wait
                logger.info(
                    f"[VLLMProcess] Worker {i} launched with PID: {process.proc.pid if process.proc else 'unknown'}"
                )
                time.sleep(process.delayed_start)

                # Wait for NIXL initialization before starting next worker
                # This prevents UCX shared memory contention
                if i < len(self.worker_processes) - 1:
                    nixl_init_delay = 5  # seconds
                    logger.info(
                        f"[VLLMProcess] Waiting {nixl_init_delay}s for worker {i} to initialize NIXL before starting next worker..."
                    )
                    time.sleep(nixl_init_delay)

            except Exception:
                logger.exception(f"[VLLMProcess] Failed to start worker {i}")
                # Clean up on failure
                try:
                    process.__exit__(None, None, None)
                except Exception as cleanup_err:
                    logger.warning(f"[VLLMProcess] Error during cleanup: {cleanup_err}")
                raise

        logger.info(
            f"[VLLMProcess] All {len(self.worker_processes)} workers launched with sequential initialization."
        )
        logger.info("[VLLMProcess] Waiting for health checks to complete...")

        # Now wait for health checks for all processes
        for i, process in enumerate(self.worker_processes):
            logger.info(f"[VLLMProcess] Checking health for worker {i}...")
            try:
                elapsed = process._check_ports(process.timeout)
                process._check_urls(process.timeout - elapsed)
                process._check_funcs(process.timeout - elapsed)
                logger.info(f"[VLLMProcess] Worker {i} health checks passed")
            except Exception:
                logger.error(f"[VLLMProcess] Worker {i} health check failed")
                # Clean up all processes on failure
                self.__exit__(None, None, None)
                raise

        logger.info(
            "[VLLMProcess] All workers started successfully and passed health checks!"
        )
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        """Stop all vLLM worker processes gracefully."""
        for i, process in enumerate(self.worker_processes):
            logger.info(f"Stopping vLLM worker {i}")
            process.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)

        # Add delay to ensure full cleanup of NATS/ETCD/ZMQ resources
        # This prevents test isolation issues when running multiple tests
        logger.info("Waiting for vLLM worker resources to fully clean up...")
        time.sleep(2)


@pytest.mark.pre_merge
@pytest.mark.gpu_1
@pytest.mark.timeout(150)  # ~3x average (~43s/test), rounded up
@pytest.mark.parametrize("request_plane", ["tcp"], indirect=True)
def test_vllm_kv_router_basic(
    request,
    runtime_services_dynamic_ports,
    predownload_models,
    set_ucx_tls_no_mm,
    request_plane,
):
    """
    Quick e2e sanity test for KV router with vLLM engine instances.
    Tests both NATS and TCP request planes.
    """

    # runtime_services starts etcd and nats
    N_VLLM_WORKERS = 2
    logger.info(
        f"Starting vLLM KV router test with {N_VLLM_WORKERS} workers using request_plane={request_plane}"
    )

    with VLLMProcess(
        request,
        vllm_args=VLLM_ARGS,
        num_workers=N_VLLM_WORKERS,
        single_gpu=True,  # fit workers into one GPU
        request_plane=request_plane,
    ) as vllm_workers:
        # Start vLLM workers
        logger.info(f"Starting {N_VLLM_WORKERS} vLLM workers")
        logger.info(f"All vLLM workers using namespace: {vllm_workers.namespace}")

        # Run basic router test (starts router internally and waits for workers to be ready)
        frontend_port = allocate_frontend_ports(request, 1)[0]
        _test_router_basic(
            engine_workers=vllm_workers,
            block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
            request=request,
            frontend_port=frontend_port,
            test_payload=TEST_PAYLOAD,
            num_requests=NUM_REQUESTS,
            frontend_timeout=180,  # 3 minutes should be plenty for TinyLlama
            store_backend="etcd",  # Explicit for clarity
            request_plane=request_plane,
        )


@pytest.mark.pre_merge
@pytest.mark.gpu_1
@pytest.mark.timeout(150)  # ~3x average (~43s/test), rounded up
@pytest.mark.parametrize("request_plane", ["tcp"], indirect=True)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "router_event_threads",
    [1, 2],
    ids=["single_thread", "multi_thread"],
)
def test_router_decisions_vllm_multiple_workers(
    request,
    runtime_services_dynamic_ports,
    predownload_models,
    set_ucx_tls_no_mm,
    request_plane,
    router_event_threads,
):
    # runtime_services starts etcd and nats
    logger.info("Starting vLLM router prefix reuse test with two workers")
    N_WORKERS = 2

    with VLLMProcess(
        request,
        vllm_args=VLLM_ARGS,
        num_workers=N_WORKERS,
        single_gpu=True,  # Worker uses GPU 0
        request_plane=request_plane,
    ) as vllm_workers:
        # Start 2 worker processes on the same GPU
        logger.info("Starting 2 vLLM worker processes on single GPU (gpu_mem=0.4)")
        logger.info(f"All vLLM workers using namespace: {vllm_workers.namespace}")

        # Get runtime and create endpoint
        runtime = get_runtime(request_plane=request_plane)
        namespace = runtime.namespace(vllm_workers.namespace)
        component = namespace.component("backend")
        endpoint = component.endpoint("generate")

        _test_router_decisions(
            vllm_workers,
            endpoint,
            MODEL_NAME,
            request,
            test_dp_rank=False,
            router_event_threads=router_event_threads,
        )


@pytest.mark.gpu_2
@pytest.mark.nightly
@pytest.mark.parametrize("request_plane", ["tcp"], indirect=True)
@pytest.mark.timeout(600)  # 10 min max (multi-GPU + DP startup variance)
def test_router_decisions_vllm_dp(
    request,
    runtime_services_dynamic_ports,
    predownload_models,
    set_ucx_tls_no_mm,
    request_plane,
):
    """Validate KV cache prefix reuse with vLLM by sending progressive requests with overlapping prefixes.
    Same flow as test_router_decisions_vllm_multiple_workers; force first request to (worker_id, dp_rank=1).
    Dump events from router and verify:
        * All but one (worker_id, dp_rank) should have no events (due to prefix reuse)
        * The (worker_id, dp_rank) with events should have exactly 4 events (one per request)
        * All events should be on the forced (worker_id, dp_rank=1) (verifying forced routing and prefix reuse)
    """
    N_WORKERS = 1
    DP_SIZE = 2

    with VLLMProcess(
        request,
        vllm_args=VLLM_ARGS,
        num_workers=N_WORKERS,  # Ignored when data_parallel_size is set
        single_gpu=False,
        data_parallel_size=DP_SIZE,  # Creates DP_SIZE processes (one per rank)
        request_plane=request_plane,
    ) as vllm_workers:
        logger.info("Starting 2 vLLM DP ranks (dp_size=2) (gpu_mem=0.4)")
        logger.info(f"All vLLM workers using namespace: {vllm_workers.namespace}")

        # Get runtime and create endpoint
        runtime = get_runtime(request_plane=request_plane)
        # Use the namespace from the vLLM workers
        namespace = runtime.namespace(vllm_workers.namespace)
        component = namespace.component("backend")  # endpoint is backend.generate
        endpoint = component.endpoint("generate")

        _test_router_decisions(
            vllm_workers, endpoint, MODEL_NAME, request, test_dp_rank=True
        )


@pytest.mark.pre_merge
@pytest.mark.gpu_1
@pytest.mark.timeout(150)  # ~3x average (~43s/test), rounded up
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "store_backend,durable_kv_events,request_plane",
    [
        ("etcd", False, "tcp"),
    ],
    ids=["nats_core"],
    indirect=["durable_kv_events", "request_plane"],
)
def test_vllm_indexers_sync(
    request,
    runtime_services_dynamic_ports,
    predownload_models,
    file_storage_backend,
    set_ucx_tls_no_mm,
    store_backend,
    durable_kv_events,
    request_plane,
):
    """
    Test that two KV routers have synchronized indexer states after processing requests
    with vLLM workers. This test verifies that both routers converge to the same internal state.

    Tests with configuration:
    - nats_core: etcd backend, local indexer with NATS Core, TCP request plane
                 (includes NATS interruption/recovery testing)
    """
    # runtime_services_dynamic_ports handles NATS and etcd startup
    nats_process, _etcd_process = runtime_services_dynamic_ports

    logger.info(
        f"Starting vLLM indexers sync test: store_backend={store_backend}, "
        f"durable_kv_events={durable_kv_events}, request_plane={request_plane}"
    )

    N_VLLM_WORKERS = 2

    with VLLMProcess(
        request,
        vllm_args=VLLM_ARGS,
        num_workers=N_VLLM_WORKERS,
        single_gpu=True,  # fit workers into one GPU
        request_plane=request_plane,
        store_backend=store_backend,
        durable_kv_events=durable_kv_events,
    ) as vllm_workers:
        # Start vLLM workers
        logger.info(f"Starting {N_VLLM_WORKERS} vLLM workers")
        logger.info(f"All vLLM workers using namespace: {vllm_workers.namespace}")

        # Use the common test implementation (creates its own runtimes for each router)
        # Note: Consumer verification is done inside _test_router_indexers_sync while routers are alive
        # When using durable_kv_events=True, use JetStream mode for the router
        _test_router_indexers_sync(
            engine_workers=vllm_workers,
            block_size=BLOCK_SIZE,
            model_name=MODEL_NAME,
            num_workers=N_VLLM_WORKERS,
            store_backend=store_backend,
            request_plane=request_plane,
            test_nats_interruption=not durable_kv_events,
            nats_server=nats_process if not durable_kv_events else None,
            durable_kv_events=durable_kv_events,
        )

        logger.info("vLLM indexers sync test completed successfully")