cpp_extensions.py

# Copyright (c) 2022-2024, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
#
# See LICENSE for license information.
"""TE FP8 extensions and GEMMs"""

import math
from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
import paddle
import transformer_engine_paddle as tex
from .constants import TE_DType, FusedAttnBackend, FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors
from .fp8 import FP8TensorMeta

BACKEND_F16m512_THREADS_PER_CTA = 128
BACKEND_F16arb_ELTS_PER_THREADS = 16


def gemm(
    A: paddle.Tensor,
    B: paddle.Tensor,
    dtype: paddle.dtype,
    workspace: paddle.Tensor,
    gelu: bool = False,
    gelu_input: Optional[paddle.Tensor] = None,
    grad: bool = False,
    accumulate: bool = False,
    layout: str = "TN",
    out: Optional[paddle.Tensor] = None,
    bias: Optional[paddle.Tensor] = None,
    use_bias: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[Union[paddle.Tensor, None], ...]:
    """Non FP8 GEMM."""

    assert layout in ("TN", "NN", "NT"), f"GEMM layout {layout} not supported."
    transa = layout[0] == "T"
    transb = layout[1] == "T"

    return_output = False
    if out is None:
        out = paddle.empty(
            shape=[
                B.shape[1] if transb else B.shape[0],
                A.shape[0] if transa else A.shape[1],
            ],
            dtype=dtype,
        )
        return_output = True

    if gelu and not grad:
        gelu_input = paddle.empty_like(out, dtype=dtype)
    elif not gelu:
        gelu_input = None

    if grad and use_bias:
        grad_bias = paddle.empty(shape=[B.shape[1]], dtype=out.dtype)
    else:
        grad_bias = None

    bias = bias if use_bias else None

    assert A.dtype == dtype and B.dtype == dtype, \
        f'Expected dtype={dtype}, but found A.dtype={A.dtype} and B.dtype={B.dtype}'
    input_dtype = TE_DType[dtype]
    output_dtype = TE_DType[out.dtype]
    if use_bias:
        bias_dtype = TE_DType[grad_bias.dtype] if grad else TE_DType[bias.dtype]
    else:
        bias_dtype = output_dtype

    tex.te_gemm(
        A,
        None,
        B,
        None,
        grad_bias if grad else bias,
        out,
        None,    # out_scale
        None,    # out_amax
        gelu_input,
        workspace,
        0,    # A_index
        0,    # B_index
        0,    # D_index
        int(input_dtype),
        int(input_dtype),
        int(output_dtype),
        int(bias_dtype),
        transa,
        transb,
        grad,
        workspace.shape[0],
        accumulate,
        False,    # use_split_accumulator
        0,    # math_sm_count
    )

    if return_output:
        return out, grad_bias, gelu_input
    return None, grad_bias, gelu_input


def fp8_gemm(
    A: paddle.Tensor,
    A_scale_inv: paddle.Tensor,
    A_fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    A_dtype: tex.DType,
    B: paddle.Tensor,
    B_scale_inv: paddle.Tensor,
    B_fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    B_dtype: tex.DType,
    out_dtype: paddle.dtype,
    workspace: paddle.Tensor,
    gelu: bool = False,
    accumulate: bool = False,
    out: Optional[paddle.Tensor] = None,
    out_index=None,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta = None,
    bias: Optional[paddle.Tensor] = None,
    use_bias: bool = False,
    use_split_accumulator: bool = False,
    D_dtype: Optional[tex.DType] = None,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """TN layout GEMM with fp8 inputs."""

    if D_dtype is not None and D_dtype in [tex.DType.kFloat8E4M3, tex.DType.kFloat8E5M2]:
        assert fp8_meta_tensor is not None and out_index is not None

    return_output = False
    if out is None:
        out = paddle.empty(
            shape=[
                B.shape[0],
                A.shape[0],
            ],
            dtype=out_dtype,
        )
        return_output = True
    # Use bfloat16 as default bias_dtype
    bias_dtype = paddle.bfloat16 if bias is None else bias.dtype
    if gelu:
        gelu_input = paddle.empty_like(out, dtype=bias_dtype)
    else:
        gelu_input = None
    bias_dtype = TE_DType[bias_dtype]

    out_dtype = TE_DType[out.dtype] if D_dtype is None else D_dtype

    tex.te_gemm(
        A,
        A_scale_inv,
        B,
        B_scale_inv,
        bias if use_bias else None,
        out,
        None if out_index is None else fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        None if out_index is None else fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        gelu_input,    # this is pre_gelu_out
        workspace,
        A_fp8_tensor.value,
        B_fp8_tensor.value,
        0 if out_index is None else out_index,
        int(A_dtype),
        int(B_dtype),
        int(out_dtype),
        int(bias_dtype),
        True,    # transa
        False,    # transb
        False,    # grad
        workspace.shape[0],
        accumulate,
        use_split_accumulator,
        0,    # math_sm_count
    )

    if return_output:
        if gelu:
            return out, gelu_input
        return out
    if gelu:
        return gelu_input
    return None


def cast_to_fp8(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """Cast input to FP8"""
    out, _, _ = tex.cast_to_fp8(
        inp,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(otype),
    )
    return out


def cast_from_fp8(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    itype: tex.DType,
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """Cast input from FP8"""
    return tex.cast_from_fp8(
        inp,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(itype),
        int(otype),
    )


def transpose(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """Transpose input"""
    return tex.te_transpose(
        inp,
        int(otype),
    )


def cast_transpose(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> Union[Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor], None]:
    """Cast + Transpose with FP8 output"""
    cast_out, transpose_out, _, _ = tex.te_cast_transpose(
        inp,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(otype),
    )

    return cast_out, transpose_out


def cast_transpose_bgrad(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> Union[Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor], None]:
    """Fused Cast + Transpose + Bias Grad"""
    grad_bias, cast_out, transpose_out, _, _ = tex.te_cast_transpose_bgrad(
        inp,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(otype),
    )

    return grad_bias, cast_out, transpose_out


def te_gelu(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """Non FP8 GELU"""
    return tex.te_gelu(
        inp,
        int(otype),
    )


def gelu_fp8(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """GELU + FP8 cast"""
    out, _, _ = tex.te_gelu_fp8(
        inp,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(otype),
    )

    return out


def dgelu_cast_transpose_bgrad_fp8(
    grad_output: paddle.Tensor,
    gelu_input: paddle.Tensor,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """
    Fused dgelu + cast / transpose / reduce the result of
    the GELU backward along the first dimension
    """
    cast_dgelu, transpose_dgelu, dbias, _, _ = tex.te_cast_transpose_bgrad_dgelu(
        grad_output,
        gelu_input,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
        fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
        fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv,
        fp8_tensor.value,
        int(otype),
    )

    return cast_dgelu, transpose_dgelu, dbias


def layernorm_fwd_fp8(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    weight: paddle.Tensor,
    bias: paddle.Tensor,
    eps: float,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
    zero_centered_gamma: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """LayerNorm with FP8 output"""
    out, mu, rsigma, _, _ = tex.te_layernorm_fwd_fp8(inp, weight, bias, fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
                                                     fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
                                                     fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv, eps,
                                                     fp8_tensor.value, int(otype), sm_margin,
                                                     zero_centered_gamma)
    return out, mu, rsigma


def layernorm_fwd(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    weight: paddle.Tensor,
    bias: paddle.Tensor,
    eps: float,
    otype: tex.DType,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
    zero_centered_gamma: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Non-FP8 LayerNorm forward"""
    return tex.te_layernorm_fwd(inp, weight, bias, eps, int(otype), sm_margin, zero_centered_gamma)


def layernorm_bwd(
    dz: paddle.Tensor,
    x: paddle.Tensor,
    mu: paddle.Tensor,
    rsigma: paddle.Tensor,
    gamma: paddle.Tensor,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
    zero_centered_gamma: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Non-FP8 LayerNorm backward"""
    return tex.te_layernorm_bwd(dz, x, mu, rsigma, gamma, sm_margin, zero_centered_gamma)


def rmsnorm_fwd(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    weight: paddle.Tensor,
    eps: float,
    otype: tex.DType,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Non-FP8 RMSNorm forward"""
    return tex.te_rmsnorm_fwd(inp, weight, eps, int(otype), sm_margin)


def rmsnorm_fwd_fp8(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    weight: paddle.Tensor,
    eps: float,
    fp8_meta_tensor: FP8TensorMeta,
    fp8_tensor: Union[FP8FwdTensors, FP8BwdTensors],
    otype: tex.DType,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """RMSNorm with FP8 output"""
    out, rsigma, _, _ = tex.te_rmsnorm_fwd_fp8(inp, weight, fp8_meta_tensor.scale,
                                               fp8_meta_tensor.amax_history,
                                               fp8_meta_tensor.scale_inv, eps, fp8_tensor.value,
                                               int(otype), sm_margin)
    return out, rsigma


def rmsnorm_bwd(
    dz: paddle.Tensor,
    x: paddle.Tensor,
    rsigma: paddle.Tensor,
    gamma: paddle.Tensor,
    sm_margin: int = 0,
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Non-FP8 RMSNorm backward"""
    return tex.te_rmsnorm_bwd(dz, x, rsigma, gamma, sm_margin)


def mask_to_cu_seqlens(
    mask: paddle.Tensor,
    need_kv: bool = False,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """Convert mask to cu_seqlens"""
    # mask shape: [b, 1, s_q, s_kv]
    q_seqlen, kv_seqlen = mask.shape[2], mask.shape[3]
    q_cu_seqlens = paddle.empty(shape=[mask.shape[0] + 1], dtype=paddle.int32)
    q_cu_seqlens[0] = 0
    kv_cu_seqlens = None
    if need_kv:
        kv_cu_seqlens = paddle.empty(shape=[mask.shape[0] + 1], dtype=paddle.int32)
        kv_cu_seqlens[0] = 0
    tex.mask_to_cu_seqlens(mask, q_cu_seqlens, kv_cu_seqlens, q_seqlen, kv_seqlen, need_kv)
    return q_cu_seqlens, kv_cu_seqlens


def fused_attn_fwd_qkvpacked(
    qkv: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens: paddle.Tensor,
    is_training: bool,
    max_seqlen: int,
    qkv_dtype: tex.DType,
    fused_attention_backend: tex.NVTE_Fused_Attn_Backend,
    Bias: paddle.Tensor = None,
    attn_scale: float = None,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    set_zero: bool = True,
    qkv_layout: str = "bs3hd",
    bias_type: str = "no_bias",
    attn_mask_type: str = "padding",
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Fused Attention FWD for packed QKV input"""

    assert (qkv_dtype in (tex.DType.kBFloat16,
                          tex.DType.kFloat16)), "Only support bf16/fp16 for fused attention."

    b = cu_seqlens.shape[0] - 1
    total_seqs = qkv.shape[0] * qkv.shape[1]
    h = qkv.shape[3]
    d = qkv.shape[4]

    if attn_scale is None:
        attn_scale = 1.0 / math.sqrt(d)

    if bias_type != "no_bias":
        assert Bias is not None, "bias tensor cannot be None when bias_type is not no_bias."
        assert (Bias.shape == [1, h, max_seqlen, max_seqlen
                              ]), "bias tensor must be in [1, h, max_seqlen, max_seqlen] shape."
        assert (Bias.dtype == qkv.dtype), "bias tensor must be in the same dtype as qkv."

    assert (fused_attention_backend != FusedAttnBackend["No_Backend"]
           ), "Fused attention does not support this input combination."

    # BF16/FP16 fused attention API from fmha_v1 apex
    if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_max512_seqlen"]:
        rng_elts_per_thread = (max_seqlen * max_seqlen + BACKEND_F16m512_THREADS_PER_CTA -
                               1) // BACKEND_F16m512_THREADS_PER_CTA

    # BF16/FP16 fused attention API from fmha_v2
    if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_arbitrary_seqlen"]:
        rng_elts_per_thread = BACKEND_F16arb_ELTS_PER_THREADS

    if set_zero:
        out = paddle.full(shape=[b, max_seqlen, h, d], fill_value=0, dtype=qkv.dtype)
    else:
        out = paddle.empty(shape=[b, max_seqlen, h, d], dtype=qkv.dtype)

    if is_training:
        if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_max512_seqlen"]:
            softmax_aux = paddle.empty(shape=[b, h, max_seqlen, max_seqlen], dtype=qkv.dtype)
        elif fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_arbitrary_seqlen"]:
            softmax_aux = paddle.empty(shape=[b, h, max_seqlen, 1], dtype='float32')
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported fused attention backend.")
    else:
        softmax_aux = None

    rng_state = paddle.empty(shape=[
        2,
    ], dtype=paddle.int64)

    # execute kernel
    tex.te_fused_attn_fwd_qkvpacked(
        qkv,
        cu_seqlens,
        Bias,
        out,
        softmax_aux,
        rng_state,
        b,
        h,
        d,
        total_seqs,
        max_seqlen,
        is_training,
        attn_scale,
        dropout,
        qkv_layout,
        bias_type,
        attn_mask_type,
        int(qkv_dtype),
        rng_elts_per_thread,
    )
    return out, softmax_aux, rng_state


def fused_attn_bwd_qkvpacked(
    qkv: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens: paddle.Tensor,
    rng_state: paddle.Tensor,
    o: paddle.Tensor,
    d_o: paddle.Tensor,
    softmax_aux: paddle.Tensor,
    fused_attention_backend: tex.NVTE_Fused_Attn_Backend,
    max_seqlen: int,
    qkv_dtype: tex.DType,
    attn_scale: float = None,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    set_zero: bool = True,
    qkv_layout: str = "bs3hd",
    bias_type: str = "no_bias",
    attn_mask_type: str = "padding",
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Fused Attention BWD for packed QKV input"""

    assert (qkv_dtype in (tex.DType.kBFloat16,
                          tex.DType.kFloat16)), "Only support bf16/fp16 for fused attention."

    b = cu_seqlens.shape[0] - 1
    total_seqs = qkv.shape[0] * qkv.shape[1]
    h = qkv.shape[3]
    d = qkv.shape[4]

    if attn_scale is None:
        attn_scale = 1.0 / math.sqrt(d)

    assert (fused_attention_backend != FusedAttnBackend["No_Backend"]
           ), "Fused attention does not support this input combination."

    if set_zero:
        dqkv = paddle.full(shape=qkv.shape, fill_value=0, dtype=qkv.dtype)
    else:
        dqkv = paddle.empty(shape=qkv.shape, dtype=qkv.dtype)

    if bias_type != "no_bias":
        dbias = paddle.empty(shape=[1, h, max_seqlen, max_seqlen], dtype=qkv.dtype)
    else:
        dbias = None
    # execute kernel
    dqkv, dbias = tex.te_fused_attn_bwd_qkvpacked(
        qkv,
        cu_seqlens,
        o,
        d_o,
        softmax_aux,
        dqkv,
        dbias,
        rng_state,
        b,
        h,
        d,
        total_seqs,
        max_seqlen,
        attn_scale,
        dropout,
        qkv_layout,
        bias_type,
        attn_mask_type,
        int(qkv_dtype),
    )

    return dqkv, dbias


def fused_attn_fwd_kvpacked(
    q: paddle.Tensor,
    kv: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens_q: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens_kv: paddle.Tensor,
    is_training: bool,
    max_seqlen_q: int,
    max_seqlen_kv: int,
    qkv_dtype: tex.DType,
    fused_attention_backend: tex.NVTE_Fused_Attn_Backend,
    Bias: paddle.Tensor = None,
    attn_scale: float = None,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    set_zero: bool = True,
    qkv_layout: str = "bshd_bs2hd",
    bias_type: str = "no_bias",
    attn_mask_type: str = "padding",
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Fused Attention FWD for packed KV input"""

    assert (qkv_dtype in (tex.DType.kBFloat16,
                          tex.DType.kFloat16)), "Only support bf16/fp16 for fused attention."
    assert (cu_seqlens_q.shape == cu_seqlens_kv.shape
           ), "cu_seqlens_q and cu_seqlens_kv must have the same shape"

    b = cu_seqlens_q.shape[0] - 1
    total_seqs_q = q.shape[0] * q.shape[1]
    total_seqs_kv = kv.shape[0] * kv.shape[1]
    h = q.shape[2]
    d = q.shape[3]

    if attn_scale is None:
        attn_scale = 1.0 / math.sqrt(d)

    if bias_type != "no_bias":
        assert Bias is not None, "bias tensor cannot be None when bias_type is not no_bias."
        assert (Bias.shape == [1, h, max_seqlen_q, max_seqlen_kv
                              ]), "bias tensor must be in [1, h, max_seqlen, max_seqlen] shape."
        assert (Bias.dtype == q.dtype), "bias tensor must be in the same dtype as q and kv."

    assert (fused_attention_backend != FusedAttnBackend["No_Backend"]
           ), "Fused attention does not support this input combination."

    # BF16/FP16 fused attention API from fmha_v1 apex
    if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_max512_seqlen"]:
        rng_elts_per_thread = (max_seqlen_q * max_seqlen_kv + BACKEND_F16m512_THREADS_PER_CTA -
                               1) // BACKEND_F16m512_THREADS_PER_CTA

    # BF16/FP16 fused attention API from fmha_v2
    if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_arbitrary_seqlen"]:
        rng_elts_per_thread = BACKEND_F16arb_ELTS_PER_THREADS

    if set_zero:
        out = paddle.full(shape=[b, max_seqlen_q, h, d], fill_value=0, dtype=q.dtype)
    else:
        out = paddle.empty(shape=[b, max_seqlen_q, h, d], dtype=q.dtype)

    if is_training:
        if fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_max512_seqlen"]:
            softmax_aux = paddle.empty(shape=[b, h, max_seqlen_q, max_seqlen_kv], dtype=q.dtype)
        elif fused_attention_backend == FusedAttnBackend["F16_arbitrary_seqlen"]:
            softmax_aux = paddle.empty(shape=[b, h, max_seqlen_q, 1], dtype='float32')
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported fused attention backend.")
    else:
        softmax_aux = None

    rng_state = paddle.empty(shape=[
        2,
    ], dtype=paddle.int64)

    # execute kernel
    tex.te_fused_attn_fwd_kvpacked(
        q,
        kv,
        cu_seqlens_q,
        cu_seqlens_kv,
        Bias,
        out,
        softmax_aux,
        rng_state,
        b,
        h,
        d,
        total_seqs_q,
        total_seqs_kv,
        max_seqlen_q,
        max_seqlen_kv,
        is_training,
        attn_scale,
        dropout,
        qkv_layout,
        bias_type,
        attn_mask_type,
        int(qkv_dtype),
        rng_elts_per_thread,
    )

    return out, softmax_aux, rng_state


def fused_attn_bwd_kvpacked(
    q: paddle.Tensor,
    kv: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens_q: paddle.Tensor,
    cu_seqlens_kv: paddle.Tensor,
    rng_state: paddle.Tensor,
    o: paddle.Tensor,
    d_o: paddle.Tensor,
    softmax_aux: paddle.Tensor,
    fused_attention_backend: tex.NVTE_Fused_Attn_Backend,
    max_seqlen_q: int,
    max_seqlen_kv: int,
    qkv_dtype: tex.DType,
    attn_scale: float = None,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    set_zero: bool = True,
    qkv_layout: str = "bshd_bs2hd",
    bias_type: str = "no_bias",
    attn_mask_type: str = "padding",
) -> Tuple[paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor, paddle.Tensor]:
    """Fused Attention BWD for packed KV input"""

    assert (qkv_dtype in (tex.DType.kBFloat16,
                          tex.DType.kFloat16)), "Only support bf16/fp16 for fused attention."
    assert (cu_seqlens_q.shape == cu_seqlens_kv.shape
           ), "cu_seqlens_q and cu_seqlens_kv must have the same shape"

    b = cu_seqlens_q.shape[0] - 1
    total_seqs_q = q.shape[0] * q.shape[1]
    total_seqs_kv = kv.shape[0] * kv.shape[1]
    h = q.shape[2]
    d = q.shape[3]

    if attn_scale is None:
        attn_scale = 1.0 / math.sqrt(d)

    assert (fused_attention_backend != FusedAttnBackend["No_Backend"]
           ), "Fused attention does not support this input combination."

    if set_zero:
        dq = paddle.full(shape=q.shape, fill_value=0, dtype=q.dtype)
        dkv = paddle.full(shape=kv.shape, fill_value=0, dtype=kv.dtype)
    else:
        dq = paddle.empty(shape=q.shape, dtype=q.dtype)
        dkv = paddle.empty(shape=kv.shape, dtype=kv.dtype)
    if bias_type != "no_bias":
        dbias = paddle.empty(shape=[1, h, max_seqlen_q, max_seqlen_kv], dtype=q.dtype)
    else:
        dbias = None
    # execute kernel
    tex.te_fused_attn_bwd_kvpacked(
        q,
        kv,
        cu_seqlens_q,
        cu_seqlens_kv,
        o,
        d_o,
        softmax_aux,
        dq,
        dkv,
        dbias,
        rng_state,
        b,
        h,
        d,
        total_seqs_q,
        total_seqs_kv,
        max_seqlen_q,
        max_seqlen_kv,
        attn_scale,
        dropout,
        qkv_layout,
        bias_type,
        attn_mask_type,
        int(qkv_dtype),
    )
    return dq, dkv, dbias


def scaled_softmax_forward(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled softmax forward"""
    return tex.te_scaled_softmax_forward(inp, scale_factor)


def scaled_softmax_backward(
    out_grad: paddle.Tensor,
    softmax_results: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled softmax backward"""
    tex.te_scaled_softmax_backward(out_grad, softmax_results, scale_factor)
    return out_grad


def scaled_masked_softmax_forward(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    mask: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled masked softmax forward"""

    return tex.te_scaled_masked_softmax_forward(inp, mask, scale_factor)


def scaled_masked_softmax_backward(
    out_grad: paddle.Tensor,
    softmax_results: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled masked softmax backward"""
    tex.te_scaled_softmax_backward(out_grad, softmax_results, scale_factor)
    return out_grad


def scaled_upper_triang_masked_softmax_forward(
    inp: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled upper triang masked softmax forward"""
    return tex.te_scaled_upper_triang_masked_softmax_forward(inp, scale_factor)


def scaled_upper_triang_masked_softmax_backward(
    out_grad: paddle.Tensor,
    softmax_results: paddle.Tensor,
    scale_factor: float,
) -> paddle.Tensor:
    """ scaled upper triang masked softmax backward"""
    tex.te_scaled_upper_triang_masked_softmax_backward(out_grad, softmax_results, scale_factor)
    return out_grad