# Copied and adapted from: https://github.com/hao-ai-lab/FastVideo

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# copied from https://pypi.org/project/nvidia-ml-py
# version 12.570.86

#####
# Copyright (c) 2011-2023, NVIDIA Corporation.  All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
#    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
#      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
#      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
#      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#    * Neither the name of the NVIDIA Corporation nor the names of its
#      contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
#      this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
# THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#####

import os
import string
import sys
import threading

##
# Python bindings for the NVML library
##
from ctypes import *
from functools import wraps

## C Type mappings ##
## Enums
_nvmlEnableState_t = c_uint
NVML_FEATURE_DISABLED = 0
NVML_FEATURE_ENABLED = 1

_nvmlBrandType_t = c_uint
NVML_BRAND_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_BRAND_QUADRO = 1
NVML_BRAND_TESLA = 2
NVML_BRAND_NVS = 3
NVML_BRAND_GRID = (
    4  # Deprecated from API reporting. Keeping definition for backward compatibility.
)
NVML_BRAND_GEFORCE = 5
NVML_BRAND_TITAN = 6
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VAPPS = 7  # NVIDIA Virtual Applications
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VPC = 8  # NVIDIA Virtual PC
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VCS = 9  # NVIDIA Virtual Compute Server
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VWS = 10  # NVIDIA RTX Virtual Workstation
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_CLOUD_GAMING = 11  # NVIDIA Cloud Gaming
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_VGAMING = NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_CLOUD_GAMING  # Deprecated from API reporting. Keeping definition for backward compatibility.
NVML_BRAND_QUADRO_RTX = 12
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA_RTX = 13
NVML_BRAND_NVIDIA = 14
NVML_BRAND_GEFORCE_RTX = 15  # Unused
NVML_BRAND_TITAN_RTX = 16  # Unused
NVML_BRAND_COUNT = 17

_nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t = c_uint
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_SHUTDOWN = 0
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_SLOWDOWN = 1
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_MEM_MAX = 2
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_GPU_MAX = 3
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_MIN = 4
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_CURR = 5
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_ACOUSTIC_MAX = 6
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_GPS_CURR = 7
NVML_TEMPERATURE_THRESHOLD_COUNT = 8

_nvmlTemperatureSensors_t = c_uint
NVML_TEMPERATURE_GPU = 0
NVML_TEMPERATURE_COUNT = 1


_nvmlComputeMode_t = c_uint
NVML_COMPUTEMODE_DEFAULT = 0
NVML_COMPUTEMODE_EXCLUSIVE_THREAD = 1  ## Support Removed
NVML_COMPUTEMODE_PROHIBITED = 2
NVML_COMPUTEMODE_EXCLUSIVE_PROCESS = 3
NVML_COMPUTEMODE_COUNT = 4

_nvmlMemoryLocation_t = c_uint
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_L1_CACHE = 0
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_L2_CACHE = 1
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_DEVICE_MEMORY = 2
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_DRAM = 2
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_REGISTER_FILE = 3
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_TEXTURE_MEMORY = 4
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_TEXTURE_SHM = 5
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_CBU = 6
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_SRAM = 7
NVML_MEMORY_LOCATION_COUNT = 8

NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LINKS = 18

# For backwards compatibility, maintain the incorrectly-named "LANES" define
NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LANES = NVML_NVLINK_MAX_LINKS

_nvmlNvLinkErrorCounter_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_REPLAY = 0
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_RECOVERY = 1
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_CRC_FLIT = 2
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_CRC_DATA = 3
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_DATA = 4
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_COUNT = 5

_nvmlNvLinkEccLaneErrorCounter_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE0 = 0
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE1 = 1
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE2 = 2
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_LANE3 = 3
NVML_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_ECC_COUNT = 5

_nvmlNvLinkCapability_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_P2P_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SYSMEM_ACCESS = 1
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_P2P_ATOMICS = 2
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SYSMEM_ATOMICS = 3
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_SLI_BRIDGE = 4
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_VALID = 5
NVML_NVLINK_CAP_COUNT = 6

_nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountPktTypes_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_NOP = 0x1
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_READ = 0x2
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_WRITE = 0x4
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RATOM = 0x8
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_NRATOM = 0x10
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_FLUSH = 0x20
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RESPDATA = 0x40
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_RESPNODATA = 0x80
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_PKTFILTER_ALL = 0xFF

_nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountUnits_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_CYCLES = 0
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_PACKETS = 1
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_BYTES = 2
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_RESERVED = 3
NVML_NVLINK_COUNTER_UNIT_COUNT = 4

_nvmlNvLinkDeviceType_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU = 0x00
NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_IBMNPU = 0x01
NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_SWITCH = 0x02
NVML_NVLINK_DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0xFF

# These are deprecated, instead use _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t
_nvmlEccBitType_t = c_uint
NVML_SINGLE_BIT_ECC = 0
NVML_DOUBLE_BIT_ECC = 1
NVML_ECC_ERROR_TYPE_COUNT = 2

_nvmlEccCounterType_t = c_uint
NVML_VOLATILE_ECC = 0
NVML_AGGREGATE_ECC = 1
NVML_ECC_COUNTER_TYPE_COUNT = 2

_nvmlMemoryErrorType_t = c_uint
NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_CORRECTED = 0
NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_UNCORRECTED = 1
NVML_MEMORY_ERROR_TYPE_COUNT = 2

_nvmlClockType_t = c_uint
NVML_CLOCK_GRAPHICS = 0
NVML_CLOCK_SM = 1
NVML_CLOCK_MEM = 2
NVML_CLOCK_VIDEO = 3
NVML_CLOCK_COUNT = 4

_nvmlClockId_t = c_uint
NVML_CLOCK_ID_CURRENT = 0
NVML_CLOCK_ID_APP_CLOCK_TARGET = 1
NVML_CLOCK_ID_APP_CLOCK_DEFAULT = 2
NVML_CLOCK_ID_CUSTOMER_BOOST_MAX = 3
NVML_CLOCK_ID_COUNT = 4

_nvmlDriverModel_t = c_uint
NVML_DRIVER_WDDM = 0
NVML_DRIVER_WDM = 1
NVML_DRIVER_MCDM = 2

NVML_MAX_GPU_PERF_PSTATES = 16

_nvmlPstates_t = c_uint
NVML_PSTATE_0 = 0
NVML_PSTATE_1 = 1
NVML_PSTATE_2 = 2
NVML_PSTATE_3 = 3
NVML_PSTATE_4 = 4
NVML_PSTATE_5 = 5
NVML_PSTATE_6 = 6
NVML_PSTATE_7 = 7
NVML_PSTATE_8 = 8
NVML_PSTATE_9 = 9
NVML_PSTATE_10 = 10
NVML_PSTATE_11 = 11
NVML_PSTATE_12 = 12
NVML_PSTATE_13 = 13
NVML_PSTATE_14 = 14
NVML_PSTATE_15 = 15
NVML_PSTATE_UNKNOWN = 32

_nvmlInforomObject_t = c_uint
NVML_INFOROM_OEM = 0
NVML_INFOROM_ECC = 1
NVML_INFOROM_POWER = 2
NVML_INFOROM_DEN = 3
NVML_INFOROM_COUNT = 4

_nvmlReturn_t = c_uint
NVML_SUCCESS = 0
NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED = 1
NVML_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT = 2
NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED = 3
NVML_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION = 4
NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED = 5
NVML_ERROR_NOT_FOUND = 6
NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE = 7
NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_POWER = 8
NVML_ERROR_DRIVER_NOT_LOADED = 9
NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT = 10
NVML_ERROR_IRQ_ISSUE = 11
NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND = 12
NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND = 13
NVML_ERROR_CORRUPTED_INFOROM = 14
NVML_ERROR_GPU_IS_LOST = 15
NVML_ERROR_RESET_REQUIRED = 16
NVML_ERROR_OPERATING_SYSTEM = 17
NVML_ERROR_LIB_RM_VERSION_MISMATCH = 18
NVML_ERROR_IN_USE = 19
NVML_ERROR_MEMORY = 20
NVML_ERROR_NO_DATA = 21
NVML_ERROR_VGPU_ECC_NOT_SUPPORTED = 22
NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 23
NVML_ERROR_FREQ_NOT_SUPPORTED = 24
NVML_ERROR_ARGUMENT_VERSION_MISMATCH = 25
NVML_ERROR_DEPRECATED = 26
NVML_ERROR_NOT_READY = 27
NVML_ERROR_GPU_NOT_FOUND = 28
NVML_ERROR_INVALID_STATE = 29
NVML_ERROR_UNKNOWN = 999

_nvmlFanState_t = c_uint
NVML_FAN_NORMAL = 0
NVML_FAN_FAILED = 1

_nvmlFanControlPolicy_t = c_uint
NVML_FAN_POLICY_TEMPERATURE_CONTINOUS_SW = 0
NVML_FAN_POLICY_MANUAL = 1

_nvmlLedColor_t = c_uint
NVML_LED_COLOR_GREEN = 0
NVML_LED_COLOR_AMBER = 1

_nvmlGpuOperationMode_t = c_uint
NVML_GOM_ALL_ON = 0
NVML_GOM_COMPUTE = 1
NVML_GOM_LOW_DP = 2

_nvmlPageRetirementCause_t = c_uint
NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_MULTIPLE_SINGLE_BIT_ECC_ERRORS = 0
NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_DOUBLE_BIT_ECC_ERROR = 1
NVML_PAGE_RETIREMENT_CAUSE_COUNT = 2

_nvmlRestrictedAPI_t = c_uint
NVML_RESTRICTED_API_SET_APPLICATION_CLOCKS = 0
NVML_RESTRICTED_API_SET_AUTO_BOOSTED_CLOCKS = 1
NVML_RESTRICTED_API_COUNT = 2

_nvmlBridgeChipType_t = c_uint
NVML_BRIDGE_CHIP_PLX = 0
NVML_BRIDGE_CHIP_BRO4 = 1
NVML_MAX_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE = 128

_nvmlValueType_t = c_uint
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_DOUBLE = 0
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT = 1
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG = 2
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG = 3
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_SIGNED_LONG_LONG = 4
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_SIGNED_INT = 5
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_SHORT = 6
NVML_VALUE_TYPE_COUNT = 7

_nvmlNvlinkVersion_t = c_uint
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_INVALID = 0
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_1_0 = 1
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_2_0 = 2
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_2_2 = 3
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_3_0 = 4
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_3_1 = 5
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_4_0 = 6
NVML_NVLINK_VERSION_5_0 = 7

_nvmlPerfPolicyType_t = c_uint
NVML_PERF_POLICY_POWER = 0
NVML_PERF_POLICY_THERMAL = 1
NVML_PERF_POLICY_SYNC_BOOST = 2
NVML_PERF_POLICY_BOARD_LIMIT = 3
NVML_PERF_POLICY_LOW_UTILIZATION = 4
NVML_PERF_POLICY_RELIABILITY = 5
NVML_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_APP_CLOCKS = 10
NVML_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_BASE_CLOCKS = 11
NVML_PERF_POLICY_COUNT = 12

_nvmlEncoderQueryType_t = c_uint
NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_H264 = 0
NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_HEVC = 1
NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_AV1 = 2
NVML_ENCODER_QUERY_UNKNOWN = 255

_nvmlFBCSessionType_t = c_uint
NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_TOSYS = 1
NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_CUDA = 2
NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_VID = 3
NVML_FBC_SESSION_TYPE_HWENC = 4

_nvmlDetachGpuState_t = c_uint
NVML_DETACH_GPU_KEEP = 0
NVML_DETACH_GPU_REMOVE = 1

_nvmlPcieLinkState_t = c_uint
NVML_PCIE_LINK_KEEP = 0
NVML_PCIE_LINK_SHUT_DOWN = 1

_nvmlSamplingType_t = c_uint
NVML_TOTAL_POWER_SAMPLES = 0
NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 1
NVML_MEMORY_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 2
NVML_ENC_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 3
NVML_DEC_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 4
NVML_PROCESSOR_CLK_SAMPLES = 5
NVML_MEMORY_CLK_SAMPLES = 6
NVML_MODULE_POWER_SAMPLES = 7
NVML_JPG_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 8
NVML_OFA_UTILIZATION_SAMPLES = 9
NVML_SAMPLINGTYPE_COUNT = 10

_nvmlPcieUtilCounter_t = c_uint
NVML_PCIE_UTIL_TX_BYTES = 0
NVML_PCIE_UTIL_RX_BYTES = 1
NVML_PCIE_UTIL_COUNT = 2

_nvmlGpuTopologyLevel_t = c_uint
NVML_TOPOLOGY_INTERNAL = 0
NVML_TOPOLOGY_SINGLE = 10
NVML_TOPOLOGY_MULTIPLE = 20
NVML_TOPOLOGY_HOSTBRIDGE = 30
NVML_TOPOLOGY_NODE = 40
NVML_TOPOLOGY_CPU = NVML_TOPOLOGY_NODE
NVML_TOPOLOGY_SYSTEM = 50

_nvmlGpuP2PCapsIndex_t = c_uint
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_READ = (0,)
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_WRITE = 1
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_NVLINK = 2
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_ATOMICS = 3
#
# NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_PROP is deprecated.
# Use NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_PCI instead.
#
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_PROP = 4
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_PCI = 4
NVML_P2P_CAPS_INDEX_UNKNOWN = 5

_nvmlGpuP2PStatus_t = c_uint
NVML_P2P_STATUS_OK = 0
NVML_P2P_STATUS_CHIPSET_NOT_SUPPORED = 1
NVML_P2P_STATUS_CHIPSET_NOT_SUPPORTED = NVML_P2P_STATUS_CHIPSET_NOT_SUPPORED
NVML_P2P_STATUS_GPU_NOT_SUPPORTED = 2
NVML_P2P_STATUS_IOH_TOPOLOGY_NOT_SUPPORTED = 3
NVML_P2P_STATUS_DISABLED_BY_REGKEY = 4
NVML_P2P_STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED = 5
NVML_P2P_STATUS_UNKNOWN = 6

_nvmlDeviceArchitecture_t = c_uint
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_KEPLER = 2
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_MAXWELL = 3
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_PASCAL = 4
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_VOLTA = 5
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_TURING = 6
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_AMPERE = 7
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_ADA = 8
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_HOPPER = 9
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_BLACKWELL = 10
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_T23X = 11
NVML_DEVICE_ARCH_UNKNOWN = 0xFFFFFFFF

# PCI bus Types
_nvmlBusType_t = c_uint
NVML_BUS_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_BUS_TYPE_PCI = 1
NVML_BUS_TYPE_PCIE = 2
NVML_BUS_TYPE_FPCI = 3
NVML_BUS_TYPE_AGP = 4

_nvmlPowerSource_t = c_uint
NVML_POWER_SOURCE_AC = 0x00000000
NVML_POWER_SOURCE_BATTERY = 0x00000001
NVML_POWER_SOURCE_UNDERSIZED = 0x00000002

_nvmlAdaptiveClockInfoStatus_t = c_uint
NVML_ADAPTIVE_CLOCKING_INFO_STATUS_DISABLED = 0x00000000
NVML_ADAPTIVE_CLOCKING_INFO_STATUS_ENABLED = 0x00000001

_nvmlClockLimitId_t = c_uint
NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_RANGE_START = 0xFFFFFF00
NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_TDP = 0xFFFFFF01
NVML_CLOCK_LIMIT_ID_UNLIMITED = 0xFFFFFF02

_nvmlPcieLinkMaxSpeed_t = c_uint
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_INVALID = 0x00000000
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_2500MBPS = 0x00000001
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_5000MBPS = 0x00000002
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_8000MBPS = 0x00000003
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_16000MBPS = 0x00000004
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_32000MBPS = 0x00000005
NVML_PCIE_LINK_MAX_SPEED_64000MBPS = 0x00000006

_nvmlPcieAtomicsCapability_t = c_uint
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_FETCHADD32 = 0x01
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_FETCHADD64 = 0x02
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_SWAP32 = 0x04
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_SWAP64 = 0x08
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_CAS32 = 0x10
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_CAS64 = 0x20
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_CAP_CAS128 = 0x40
NVML_PCIE_ATOMICS_OPS_MAX = 7

_nvmlAffinityScope_t = c_uint
NVML_AFFINITY_SCOPE_NODE = 0
NVML_AFFINITY_SCOPE_SOCKET = 1

_nvmlDeviceGpuRecoveryAction_t = c_uint
NVML_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION_NONE = 0
NVML_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION_GPU_RESET = 1
NVML_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION_NODE_REBOOT = 2
NVML_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION_DRAIN_P2P = 3
NVML_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION_DRAIN_AND_RESET = 4

# C preprocessor defined values
nvmlFlagDefault = 0
nvmlFlagForce = 1
NVML_INIT_FLAG_NO_GPUS = 1
NVML_INIT_FLAG_NO_ATTACH = 2

NVML_MAX_GPC_COUNT = 32

# buffer size
NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 16
NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE = 96
NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE = 64
NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE = 96
NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE = 30
NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
NVML_DEVICE_GPU_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE = 80
NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 32
NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE = 32
NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE = 16
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE = 128
NVML_VGPU_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE = 64
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT = 3
NVML_VGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE = sizeof(c_uint) + 256
NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE = 256
NVML_DEVICE_GPU_FRU_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE = (
    0x14  # NV2080_GPU_MAX_PRODUCT_PART_NUMBER_LENGTH
)
NVML_PERF_MODES_BUFFER_SIZE = 2048

# Format strings
NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_LEGACY_FMT = "%04X:%02X:%02X.0"
NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_FMT = "%08X:%02X:%02X.0"

NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong = c_ulonglong(-1)
NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_uint = c_uint(-1)

"""
 Field Identifiers.

 All Identifiers pertain to a device. Each ID is only used once and is guaranteed never to change.
"""
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_CURRENT = 1  # Current ECC mode. 1=Active. 0=Inactive
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_PENDING = 2  # Pending ECC mode. 1=Active. 0=Inactive

# ECC Count Totals
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_TOTAL = 3  # Total single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_TOTAL = 4  # Total double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_TOTAL = 5  # Total single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_TOTAL = 6  # Total double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
# Individual ECC locations
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_L1 = 7  # L1 cache single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_L1 = 8  # L1 cache double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_L2 = 9  # L2 cache single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_L2 = 10  # L2 cache double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_DEV = 11  # Device memory single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_DEV = 12  # Device memory double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_REG = 13  # Register file single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_REG = 14  # Register file double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_VOL_TEX = 15  # Texture memory single bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_TEX = 16  # Texture memory double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_VOL_CBU = 17  # CBU double bit volatile ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_L1 = 18  # L1 cache single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_L1 = 19  # L1 cache double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_L2 = 20  # L2 cache single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_L2 = 21  # L2 cache double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_DEV = (
    22  # Device memory single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_DEV = (
    23  # Device memory double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_REG = (
    24  # Register File single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_REG = (
    25  # Register File double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_SBE_AGG_TEX = (
    26  # Texture memory single bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_TEX = (
    27  # Texture memory double bit aggregate (persistent) ECC errors
)
NVML_FI_DEV_ECC_DBE_AGG_CBU = 28  # CBU double bit aggregate ECC errors

# Page Retirement
NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_SBE = 29  # Number of retired pages because of single bit errors
NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_DBE = 30  # Number of retired pages because of double bit errors
NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING = 31  # If any pages are pending retirement. 1=yes. 0=no.

# NvLink Flit Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
    32  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
    33  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
    34  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
    35  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
    36  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
    37  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
    38  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter total for all Lanes
)

# NvLink CRC Data Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
    39  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
    40  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
    41  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
    42  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
    43  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
    44  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
    45  # NvLink data CRC Error Counter total for all Lanes
)

# NvLink Replay Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = 46  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 0
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = 47  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 1
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = 48  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 2
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = 49  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 3
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = 50  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 4
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = 51  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 5
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
    52  # NVLink Replay Error Counter total for all Lanes
)

# NvLink Recovery Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
    53  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
    54  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
    55  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
    56  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
    57  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
    58  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
    59  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter total for all Lanes
)

# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L0 = (
    60  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L1 = (
    61  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L2 = (
    62  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L3 = (
    63  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L4 = (
    64  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L5 = (
    65  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_TOTAL = (
    66  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter Total for Counter Set 0, All Lanes
)

# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L0 = (
    67  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L1 = (
    68  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L2 = (
    69  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L3 = (
    70  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L4 = (
    71  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L5 = (
    72  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_TOTAL = (
    73  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter Total for Counter Set 1, All Lanes
)

# Perf Policy Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_POWER = 74  # Perf Policy Counter for Power Policy
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_THERMAL = 75  # Perf Policy Counter for Thermal Policy
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_SYNC_BOOST = 76  # Perf Policy Counter for Sync boost Policy
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_BOARD_LIMIT = 77  # Perf Policy Counter for Board Limit
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_LOW_UTILIZATION = (
    78  # Perf Policy Counter for Low GPU Utilization Policy
)
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_RELIABILITY = 79  # Perf Policy Counter for Reliability Policy
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_APP_CLOCKS = (
    80  # Perf Policy Counter for Total App Clock Policy
)
NVML_FI_DEV_PERF_POLICY_TOTAL_BASE_CLOCKS = (
    81  # Perf Policy Counter for Total Base Clocks Policy
)

# Memory temperatures
NVML_FI_DEV_MEMORY_TEMP = 82  # Memory temperature for the device

# Energy Counter
NVML_FI_DEV_TOTAL_ENERGY_CONSUMPTION = (
    83  # Total energy consumption for the GPU in mJ since the driver was last reloaded
)

# NVLink Speed
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L0 = 84
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L1 = 85
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L2 = 86
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L3 = 87
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L4 = 88
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L5 = 89
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_COMMON = 90

# NVLink Link Count
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_LINK_COUNT = 91

# Page Retirement pending fields
NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING_SBE = 92
NVML_FI_DEV_RETIRED_PENDING_DBE = 93

# PCIe replay and replay rollover counters
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_REPLAY_COUNTER = 94
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_REPLAY_ROLLOVER_COUNTER = 95

# NvLink Flit Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
    96  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
    97  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
    98  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
    99  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
    100  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_FLIT_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
    101  # NVLink flow control CRC  Error Counter for Lane 11
)

# NvLink CRC Data Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
    102  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
    103  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
    104  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
    105  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
    106  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_CRC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
    107  # NVLink data CRC Error Counter for Lane 11
)

# NvLink Replay Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = 108  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 6
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = 109  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 7
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = 110  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 8
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = 111  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 9
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
    112  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REPLAY_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
    113  # NVLink Replay Error Counter for Lane 11
)

# NvLink Recovery Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
    114  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
    115  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
    116  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
    117  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
    118  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_RECOVERY_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
    119  # NVLink Recovery Error Counter for Lane 11
)

# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L6 = (
    120  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L7 = (
    121  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L8 = (
    122  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L9 = (
    123  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L10 = (
    124  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C0_L11 = (
    125  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 0, Lane 11
)

# NvLink Bandwidth Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L6 = (
    126  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L7 = (
    127  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L8 = (
    128  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L9 = (
    129  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L10 = (
    130  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_BANDWIDTH_C1_L11 = (
    131  # NVLink Bandwidth Counter for Counter Set 1, Lane 11
)

# NVLink Speed
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L6 = 132
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L7 = 133
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L8 = 134
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L9 = 135
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L10 = 136
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_SPEED_MBPS_L11 = 137

# NVLink Throughput Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_DATA_TX = 138  # NVLink TX Data throughput in KiB
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_DATA_RX = 139  # NVLink RX Data throughput in KiB
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_RAW_TX = 140  # NVLink TX Data + protocol overhead in KiB
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_THROUGHPUT_RAW_RX = 141  # NVLink RX Data + protocol overhead in KiB

# Row Remapper
NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_COR = 142
NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_UNC = 143
NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_PENDING = 144
NVML_FI_DEV_REMAPPED_FAILURE = 145

# Remote device NVLink ID
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_REMOTE_NVLINK_ID = 146

# Number of NVLinks connected to NVSwitch
NVML_FI_DEV_NVSWITCH_CONNECTED_LINK_COUNT = 147

# NvLink ECC Data Error Counters
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L0 = (
    148  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 0
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L1 = (
    149  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 1
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L2 = (
    150  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 2
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L3 = (
    151  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 3
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L4 = (
    152  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 4
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L5 = (
    153  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 5
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L6 = (
    154  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 6
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L7 = (
    155  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 7
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L8 = (
    156  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 8
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L9 = (
    157  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 9
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L10 = (
    158  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 10
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_L11 = (
    159  # < NVLink data ECC Error Counter for Link 11
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ECC_DATA_ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL = (
    160  # < NvLink data ECC Error Counter total for all Links
)

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_REPLAY = 161
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_RECOVERY = 162
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_ERROR_DL_CRC = 163
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_SPEED = 164
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_STATE = 165
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_VERSION = 166

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_STATE = 167
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD = 168

NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_L0_TO_RECOVERY_COUNTER = 169

NVML_FI_DEV_C2C_LINK_COUNT = 170
NVML_FI_DEV_C2C_LINK_GET_STATUS = 171
NVML_FI_DEV_C2C_LINK_GET_MAX_BW = 172

NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_CORRECTABLE_ERRORS = 173
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_NAKS_RECEIVED = 174
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_RECEIVER_ERROR = 175
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_BAD_TLP = 176
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_NAKS_SENT = 177
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_BAD_DLLP = 178
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_NON_FATAL_ERROR = 179
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_FATAL_ERROR = 180
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_UNSUPPORTED_REQ = 181
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_LCRC_ERROR = 182
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_LANE_ERROR = 183

NVML_FI_DEV_IS_RESETLESS_MIG_SUPPORTED = 184

NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_AVERAGE = 185
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_INSTANT = 186
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_MIN_LIMIT = 187
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_MAX_LIMIT = 188
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_DEFAULT_LIMIT = 189
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_CURRENT_LIMIT = 190
NVML_FI_DEV_ENERGY = 191
NVML_FI_DEV_POWER_REQUESTED_LIMIT = 192

NVML_FI_DEV_TEMPERATURE_SHUTDOWN_TLIMIT = 193
NVML_FI_DEV_TEMPERATURE_SLOWDOWN_TLIMIT = 194
NVML_FI_DEV_TEMPERATURE_MEM_MAX_TLIMIT = 195
NVML_FI_DEV_TEMPERATURE_GPU_MAX_TLIMIT = 196

NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_TX_BYTES = 197
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_COUNT_RX_BYTES = 198

NVML_FI_DEV_IS_MIG_MODE_INDEPENDENT_MIG_QUERY_CAPABLE = 199

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_MAX = 200

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_XMIT_PACKETS = 201
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_XMIT_BYTES = 202
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RCV_PACKETS = 203
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RCV_BYTES = 204
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_VL15_DROPPED = 205  # Deprecated, do not use
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_MALFORMED_PACKET_ERRORS = 206
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_BUFFER_OVERRUN_ERRORS = 207
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RCV_ERRORS = 208
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RCV_REMOTE_ERRORS = 209
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RCV_GENERAL_ERRORS = 210
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_LOCAL_LINK_INTEGRITY_ERRORS = 211
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_XMIT_DISCARDS = 212

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_LINK_RECOVERY_SUCCESSFUL_EVENTS = 213
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_LINK_RECOVERY_FAILED_EVENTS = 214
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_LINK_RECOVERY_EVENTS = 215

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RAW_BER_LANE0 = 216  # Deprecated, do not use
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RAW_BER_LANE1 = 217  # Deprecated, do not use
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_RAW_BER = 218  # Deprecated, do not use
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_EFFECTIVE_ERRORS = 219
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_EFFECTIVE_BER = 220
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_SYMBOL_ERRORS = 221
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_SYMBOL_BER = 222

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_MIN = 223
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNITS = (
    224  # Values are in the form NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNIT_*
)
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_SUPPORTED = 225

NVML_FI_DEV_RESET_STATUS = (
    226  # Deprecated use NVML_FI_DEV_GET_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION instead
)
NVML_FI_DEV_DRAIN_AND_RESET_STATUS = (
    227  # Deprecated use NVML_FI_DEV_GET_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION instead
)
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_OUTBOUND_ATOMICS_MASK = 228
NVML_FI_DEV_PCIE_INBOUND_ATOMICS_MASK = 229
NVML_FI_DEV_GET_GPU_RECOVERY_ACTION = 230

NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_0 = 235
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_1 = 236
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_2 = 237
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_3 = 238
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_4 = 239
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_5 = 240
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_6 = 241
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_7 = 242
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_8 = 243
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_9 = 244
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_10 = 245
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_11 = 246
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_12 = 247
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_13 = 248
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_14 = 249
NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_COUNT_FEC_HISTORY_15 = 250
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ENABLED = 251  # Enablement (0/DISABLED or 1/ENABLED)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_PRIV_LVL = 252  # Current privilege level
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_IMM_RAMP_DOWN_ENABLED = (
    253  # Immediate ramp down enablement (0/DISABLED or 1/ENABLED)
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_APPLIED_TMP_CEIL = 254  # Applied TMP ceiling value
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_APPLIED_TMP_FLOOR = 255  # Applied TMP floor value
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_MAX_PERCENT_TMP_FLOOR_SETTING = 256  # Max % TMP Floor value
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_MIN_PERCENT_TMP_FLOOR_SETTING = 257  # Min % TMP Floor value
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_HW_CIRCUITRY_PERCENT_LIFETIME_REMAINING = (
    258  # HW Circuitry % lifetime remaining
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_MAX_NUM_PRESET_PROFILES = 259  # Max number of preset profiles
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_PERCENT_TMP_FLOOR = 260  # % TMP floor for a given profile
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_RAMP_UP_RATE = (
    261  # Ramp up rate in mW/s for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_RAMP_DOWN_RATE = (
    262  # Ramp down rate in mW/s for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_RAMP_DOWN_HYST_VAL = (
    263  # Ramp down hysteresis value in ms for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ACTIVE_PRESET_PROFILE = 264  # Active preset profile number
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ADMIN_OVERRIDE_PERCENT_TMP_FLOOR = (
    265  # % TMP floor for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ADMIN_OVERRIDE_RAMP_UP_RATE = (
    266  # Ramp up rate in mW/s for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ADMIN_OVERRIDE_RAMP_DOWN_RATE = (
    267  # Ramp down rate in mW/s for a given profile
)
NVML_FI_PWR_SMOOTHING_ADMIN_OVERRIDE_RAMP_DOWN_HYST_VAL = (
    268  # Ramp down hysteresis value in ms for a given profile
)

NVML_FI_MAX = 269  # One greater than the largest field ID defined above

# NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_STATE state enums
NVML_NVLINK_STATE_INACTIVE = 0x0
NVML_NVLINK_STATE_ACTIVE = 0x1
NVML_NVLINK_STATE_SLEEP = 0x2

NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNIT_100US = (
    0  # NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNITS
)
NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNIT_50US = (
    1  # NVML_FI_DEV_NVLINK_GET_POWER_THRESHOLD_UNITS
)

## Enums needed for the method nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode and nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode
NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_NONE = 0  # Represents Bare Metal GPU
NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_PASSTHROUGH = (
    1  # Device is associated with GPU-Passthorugh
)
NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_VGPU = (
    2  # Device is associated with vGPU inside virtual machine.
)
NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_HOST_VGPU = (
    3  # Device is associated with VGX hypervisor in vGPU mode
)
NVML_GPU_VIRTUALIZATION_MODE_HOST_VSGA = (
    4  # Device is associated with VGX hypervisor in vSGA mode
)

## Lib loading ##
nvmlLib = None
libLoadLock = threading.Lock()
_nvmlLib_refcount = 0  # Incremented on each nvmlInit and decremented on nvmlShutdown

## vGPU Management
_nvmlVgpuTypeId_t = c_uint
_nvmlVgpuInstance_t = c_uint

_nvmlVgpuVmIdType_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_VM_ID_DOMAIN_ID = 0
NVML_VGPU_VM_ID_UUID = 1

_nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t = c_uint
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_VGPU = 1
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_NVIDIA_RTX = 2
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_VWORKSTATION = (
    2  # deprecated, use NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_NVIDIA_RTX.
)
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_GAMING = 3
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_CODE_COMPUTE = 4

_nvmlGridLicenseExpiryStatus_t = c_uint8
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_NOT_AVAILABLE = (0,)  # Expiry information not available
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_INVALID = (1,)  # Invalid expiry or error fetching expiry
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_VALID = (2,)  # Valid expiry
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_NOT_APPLICABLE = (3,)  # Expiry not applicable
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_EXPIRY_PERMANENT = (4,)  # Permanent expiry

_nvmlVgpuCapability_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_CAP_NVLINK_P2P = 0  # vGPU P2P over NVLink is supported
NVML_VGPU_CAP_GPUDIRECT = 1  # GPUDirect capability is supported
NVML_VGPU_CAP_MULTI_VGPU_EXCLUSIVE = (
    2  # vGPU profile cannot be mixed with other vGPU profiles in same VM
)
NVML_VGPU_CAP_EXCLUSIVE_TYPE = (
    3  # vGPU profile cannot run on a GPU alongside other profiles of different type
)
NVML_VGPU_CAP_EXCLUSIVE_SIZE = (
    4  # vGPU profile cannot run on a GPU alongside other profiles of different size
)
NVML_VGPU_CAP_COUNT = 5

_nvmlVgpuDriverCapability_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_DRIVER_CAP_HETEROGENEOUS_MULTI_VGPU = (
    0  # Supports mixing of different vGPU profiles within one guest VM
)
NVML_VGPU_DRIVER_CAP_WARM_UPDATE = 1  # Supports FSR and warm update of vGPU host driver without terminating the running guest VM
NVML_VGPU_DRIVER_CAP_COUNT = 2

_nvmlDeviceVgpuCapability_t = c_uint
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_FRACTIONAL_MULTI_VGPU = 0  # Query whether the fractional vGPU profiles on this GPU can be used in multi-vGPU configurations
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_HETEROGENEOUS_TIMESLICE_PROFILES = 1  # Query whether the GPU supports concurrent execution of timesliced vGPU profiles of differing types
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_HETEROGENEOUS_TIMESLICE_SIZES = 2  # Query whether the GPU supports concurrent execution of timesliced vGPU profiles of differing framebuffer sizes
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_READ_DEVICE_BUFFER_BW = 3  # Query the GPU's read_device_buffer expected bandwidth capacity in megabytes per second
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_WRITE_DEVICE_BUFFER_BW = 4  # Query the GPU's write_device_buffer expected bandwidth capacity in megabytes per second
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_DEVICE_STREAMING = (
    5  # Query whether the vGPU profiles on the GPU supports migration data streaming
)
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_MINI_QUARTER_GPU = (
    6  # Set/Get support of mini-quarter vGPU profiles
)
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_COMPUTE_MEDIA_ENGINE_GPU = (
    7  # Set/Get support for compute media engine vGPU profiles
)
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_WARM_UPDATE = (
    8  # Query whether the GPU supports FSR and warm update
)
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_HOMOGENEOUS_PLACEMENTS = 9  # Query whether the GPU supports reporting of placements of timesliced vGPU profiles with identical framebuffer sizes
NVML_DEVICE_VGPU_CAP_COUNT = 10

_nvmlVgpuGuestInfoState_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_INSTANCE_GUEST_INFO_STATE_UNINITIALIZED = 0
NVML_VGPU_INSTANCE_GUEST_INFO_STATE_INITIALIZED = 1

_nvmlVgpuVmCompatibility_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_NONE = 0x0
NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_COLD = 0x1
NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_HIBERNATE = 0x2
NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_SLEEP = 0x4
NVML_VGPU_VM_COMPATIBILITY_LIVE = 0x8

_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibilityLimitCode_t = c_uint
NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_NONE = 0x0
NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_HOST_DRIVER = 0x1
NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_GUEST_DRIVER = 0x2
NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_GPU = 0x4
NVML_VGPU_COMPATIBILITY_LIMIT_OTHER = 0x80000000

_nvmlHostVgpuMode_t = c_uint
NVML_HOST_VGPU_MODE_NON_SRIOV = 0
NVML_HOST_VGPU_MODE_SRIOV = 1

_nvmlConfComputeGpusReadyState_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_ACCEPTING_CLIENT_REQUESTS_FALSE = 0
NVML_CC_ACCEPTING_CLIENT_REQUESTS_TRUE = 1

_nvmlConfComputeGpuCaps_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_GPUS_CC_NOT_CAPABLE = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_GPUS_CC_CAPABLE = 1

_nvmlConfComputeCpuCaps_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_CPU_CAPS_NONE = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_CPU_CAPS_AMD_SEV = 1
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_CPU_CAPS_INTEL_TDX = 2
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_CPU_CAPS_AMD_SEV_SNP = 3
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_CPU_CAPS_AMD_SNP_VTOM = 4

_nvmlConfComputeDevToolsMode_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_DEVTOOLS_MODE_OFF = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_DEVTOOLS_MODE_ON = 1

NVML_CC_SYSTEM_MULTIGPU_NONE = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_MULTIGPU_PROTECTED_PCIE = 1

NVML_CC_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_UNAVAILABLE = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_SIM = 1
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PROD = 2

_nvmlConfComputeCcFeature_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_FEATURE_DISABLED = 0
NVML_CC_SYSTEM_FEATURE_ENABLED = 1

_nvmlConfComputeCcKeyRotationThreshAttackerAdv_t = c_uint
NVML_CC_KEY_ROTATION_THRESH_ATTACKER_ADVANTAGE_MIN = 50
NVML_CC_KEY_ROTATION_THRESH_ATTACKER_ADVANTAGE_MAX = 65

# GSP firmware
NVML_GSP_FIRMWARE_VERSION_BUF_SIZE = 0x40


class NVMLLibraryMismatchError(Exception):
    pass


## Error Checking ##
class NVMLError(Exception):
    _valClassMapping = dict()
    # List of currently known error codes
    _errcode_to_string = {
        NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED: "Uninitialized",
        NVML_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT: "Invalid Argument",
        NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED: "Not Supported",
        NVML_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION: "Insufficient Permissions",
        NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED: "Already Initialized",
        NVML_ERROR_NOT_FOUND: "Not Found",
        NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE: "Insufficient Size",
        NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_POWER: "Insufficient External Power",
        NVML_ERROR_DRIVER_NOT_LOADED: "Driver Not Loaded",
        NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT: "Timeout",
        NVML_ERROR_IRQ_ISSUE: "Interrupt Request Issue",
        NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND: "NVML Shared Library Not Found",
        NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND: "Function Not Found",
        NVML_ERROR_CORRUPTED_INFOROM: "Corrupted infoROM",
        NVML_ERROR_GPU_IS_LOST: "GPU is lost",
        NVML_ERROR_RESET_REQUIRED: "GPU requires restart",
        NVML_ERROR_OPERATING_SYSTEM: "The operating system has blocked the request.",
        NVML_ERROR_LIB_RM_VERSION_MISMATCH: "RM has detected an NVML/RM version mismatch.",
        NVML_ERROR_MEMORY: "Insufficient Memory",
        NVML_ERROR_UNKNOWN: "Unknown Error",
    }

    def __new__(typ, value):
        """
        Maps value to a proper subclass of NVMLError.
        See _extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses function for more details
        """
        if typ == NVMLError:
            typ = NVMLError._valClassMapping.get(value, typ)
        obj = Exception.__new__(typ)
        obj.value = value
        return obj

    def __str__(self):
        try:
            if self.value not in NVMLError._errcode_to_string:
                NVMLError._errcode_to_string[self.value] = str(
                    nvmlErrorString(self.value)
                )
            return NVMLError._errcode_to_string[self.value]
        except NVMLError:
            return "NVML Error with code %d" % self.value

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return self.value == other.value


def nvmlExceptionClass(nvmlErrorCode):
    if nvmlErrorCode not in NVMLError._valClassMapping:
        raise ValueError("nvmlErrorCode %s is not valid" % nvmlErrorCode)
    return NVMLError._valClassMapping[nvmlErrorCode]


def _extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses():
    """
    Generates a hierarchy of classes on top of NVMLError class.

    Each NVML Error gets a new NVMLError subclass. This way try,except blocks can filter appropriate
    exceptions more easily.

    NVMLError is a parent class. Each NVML_ERROR_* gets it's own subclass.
    e.g. NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED will be turned into NVMLError_AlreadyInitialized
    """
    this_module = sys.modules[__name__]
    nvmlErrorsNames = [x for x in dir(this_module) if x.startswith("NVML_ERROR_")]
    for err_name in nvmlErrorsNames:
        # e.g. Turn NVML_ERROR_ALREADY_INITIALIZED into NVMLError_AlreadyInitialized
        class_name = "NVMLError_" + string.capwords(
            err_name.replace("NVML_ERROR_", ""), "_"
        ).replace("_", "")
        err_val = getattr(this_module, err_name)

        def gen_new(val):
            def new(typ):
                obj = NVMLError.__new__(typ, val)
                return obj

            return new

        new_error_class = type(class_name, (NVMLError,), {"__new__": gen_new(err_val)})
        new_error_class.__module__ = __name__
        setattr(this_module, class_name, new_error_class)
        NVMLError._valClassMapping[err_val] = new_error_class


_extractNVMLErrorsAsClasses()


def _nvmlCheckReturn(ret):
    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    return ret


## Function access ##
_nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache = (
    dict()
)  # function pointers are cached to prevent unnecessary libLoadLock locking


def _nvmlGetFunctionPointer(name):
    global nvmlLib

    if name in _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache:
        return _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name]

    libLoadLock.acquire()
    try:
        # ensure library was loaded
        if nvmlLib == None:
            raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_UNINITIALIZED)
        try:
            _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name] = getattr(nvmlLib, name)
            return _nvmlGetFunctionPointer_cache[name]
        except AttributeError:
            raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
    finally:
        # lock is always freed
        libLoadLock.release()


## Alternative object
# Allows the object to be printed
# Allows mismatched types to be assigned
#  - like None when the Structure variant requires c_uint
class nvmlFriendlyObject(object):
    def __init__(self, dictionary):
        for x in dictionary:
            setattr(self, x, dictionary[x])

    def __str__(self):
        return self.__dict__.__str__()


def nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(struct):
    d = {}
    for x in struct._fields_:
        key = x[0]
        value = getattr(struct, key)
        # only need to convert from bytes if bytes, no need to check python version.
        d[key] = value.decode() if isinstance(value, bytes) else value
    obj = nvmlFriendlyObject(d)
    return obj


# pack the object so it can be passed to the NVML library
def nvmlFriendlyObjectToStruct(obj, model):
    for x in model._fields_:
        key = x[0]
        value = obj.__dict__[key]
        # any c_char_p in python3 needs to be bytes, default encoding works fine.
        if sys.version_info >= (3,):
            setattr(model, key, value.encode())
        else:
            setattr(model, key, value)
    return model


## Unit structures
class struct_c_nvmlUnit_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlUnit_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlUnit_t)


class _PrintableStructure(Structure):
    """
    Abstract class that produces nicer __str__ output than ctypes.Structure.
    e.g. instead of:
      >>> print str(obj)
      <class_name object at 0x7fdf82fef9e0>
    this class will print
      class_name(field_name: formatted_value, field_name: formatted_value)

    _fmt_ dictionary of <str _field_ name> -> <str format>
    e.g. class that has _field_ 'hex_value', c_uint could be formatted with
      _fmt_ = {"hex_value" : "%08X"}
    to produce nicer output.
    Default formatting string for all fields can be set with key "<default>" like:
      _fmt_ = {"<default>" : "%d MHz"} # e.g all values are numbers in MHz.
    If not set it's assumed to be just "%s"

    Exact format of returned str from this class is subject to change in the future.
    """

    _fmt_ = {}

    def __str__(self):
        result = []
        for x in self._fields_:
            key = x[0]
            value = getattr(self, key)
            fmt = "%s"
            if key in self._fmt_:
                fmt = self._fmt_[key]
            elif "<default>" in self._fmt_:
                fmt = self._fmt_["<default>"]
            result.append(("%s: " + fmt) % (key, value))
        return self.__class__.__name__ + "(" + ", ".join(result) + ")"

    def __getattribute__(self, name):
        res = super(_PrintableStructure, self).__getattribute__(name)
        # need to convert bytes to unicode for python3 don't need to for python2
        # Python 2 strings are of both str and bytes
        # Python 3 strings are not of type bytes
        # ctypes should convert everything to the correct values otherwise
        if isinstance(res, bytes):
            if isinstance(res, str):
                return res
            return res.decode()
        return res

    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
        if isinstance(value, str):
            # encoding a python2 string returns the same value, since python2 strings are bytes already
            # bytes passed in python3 will be ignored.
            value = value.encode()
        super(_PrintableStructure, self).__setattr__(name, value)


class c_nvmlUnitInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("name", c_char * 96),
        ("id", c_char * 96),
        ("serial", c_char * 96),
        ("firmwareVersion", c_char * 96),
    ]


class c_nvmlC2cModeInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [("isC2cEnabled", c_uint)]


nvmlC2cModeInfo_v1 = 0x1000008


class c_nvmlLedState_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("cause", c_char * 256),
        ("color", _nvmlLedColor_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlPSUInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("state", c_char * 256),
        ("current", c_uint),
        ("voltage", c_uint),
        ("power", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlUnitFanInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("speed", c_uint),
        ("state", _nvmlFanState_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlUnitFanSpeeds_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [("fans", c_nvmlUnitFanInfo_t * 24), ("count", c_uint)]


## Device structures
class struct_c_nvmlDevice_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlDevice_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlDevice_t)


class nvmlPciInfoExt_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("domain", c_uint),
        ("bus", c_uint),
        ("device", c_uint),
        ("pciDeviceId", c_uint),
        ("pciSubSystemId", c_uint),
        ("baseClass", c_uint),
        ("subClass", c_uint),
        ("busId", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {
        "version": "0x%04X",
        "domain": "0x%04X",
        "bus": "0x%02X",
        "device": "0x%02X",
        "pciDeviceId": "0x%08X",
        "pciSubSystemId": "0x%08X",
        "baseClass": "0x%01X",
        "subClass": "0x%01X",
    }


nvmlPciInfoExt_v1 = 0x1000040


# Legacy pciInfo used for _v1 and _v2
class nvmlPciInfo_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("busId", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE),
        ("domain", c_uint),
        ("bus", c_uint),
        ("device", c_uint),
        ("pciDeviceId", c_uint),
        # Added in 2.285
        ("pciSubSystemId", c_uint),
        ("reserved0", c_uint),
        ("reserved1", c_uint),
        ("reserved2", c_uint),
        ("reserved3", c_uint),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {
        "domain": "0x%04X",
        "bus": "0x%02X",
        "device": "0x%02X",
        "pciDeviceId": "0x%08X",
        "pciSubSystemId": "0x%08X",
    }


class nvmlPciInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        # Moved to the new busId location below
        ("busIdLegacy", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_V2_SIZE),
        ("domain", c_uint),
        ("bus", c_uint),
        ("device", c_uint),
        ("pciDeviceId", c_uint),
        # Added in 2.285
        ("pciSubSystemId", c_uint),
        # New busId replaced the long deprecated and reserved fields with a
        # field of the same size in 9.0
        ("busId", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {
        "domain": "0x%08X",
        "bus": "0x%02X",
        "device": "0x%02X",
        "pciDeviceId": "0x%08X",
        "pciSubSystemId": "0x%08X",
    }


class c_nvmlSystemDriverBranchInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("branch", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]


SystemDriverBranchInfo_v1 = 0x1000054


class c_nvmlExcludedDeviceInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [("pci", nvmlPciInfo_t), ("uuid", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)]


class nvmlNvLinkUtilizationControl_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("units", _nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountUnits_t),
        ("pktfilter", _nvmlNvLinkUtilizationCountPktTypes_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlMemory_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("total", c_ulonglong),
        ("free", c_ulonglong),
        ("used", c_ulonglong),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}


class c_nvmlMemory_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("total", c_ulonglong),
        ("reserved", c_ulonglong),
        ("free", c_ulonglong),
        ("used", c_ulonglong),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}


nvmlMemory_v2 = 0x02000028


class c_nvmlBAR1Memory_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("bar1Total", c_ulonglong),
        ("bar1Free", c_ulonglong),
        ("bar1Used", c_ulonglong),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}


class nvmlClkMonFaultInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("clkApiDomain", c_uint), ("clkDomainFaultMask", c_uint)]


MAX_CLK_DOMAINS = 32


class nvmlClkMonStatus_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("bGlobalStatus", c_uint),
        ("clkMonListSize", c_uint),
        ("clkMonList", nvmlClkMonFaultInfo_t * MAX_CLK_DOMAINS),
    ]


# On Windows with the WDDM driver, usedGpuMemory is reported as None
# Code that processes this structure should check for None, I.E.
#
# if (info.usedGpuMemory == None):
#     # TODO handle the error
#     pass
# else:
#    print("Using %d MiB of memory" % (info.usedGpuMemory / 1024 / 1024))
# endif
#
# See NVML documentation for more information
class c_nvmlProcessInfo_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("usedGpuMemory", c_ulonglong),
        ("gpuInstanceId", c_uint),
        ("computeInstanceId", c_uint),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"usedGpuMemory": "%d B"}


c_nvmlProcessInfo_v3_t = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v2_t

c_nvmlProcessInfo_t = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v3_t

_nvmlProcessMode_t = c_uint
NVML_PROCESS_MODE_COMPUTE = 0
NVML_PROCESS_MODE_GRAPHICS = 1
NVML_PROCESS_MODE_MPS = 2


class c_nvmlProcessDetail_v1_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("usedGpuMemory", c_ulonglong),
        ("gpuInstanceId", c_uint),
        ("computeInstanceId", c_uint),
        ("usedGpuCcProtectedMemory", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlProcessDetailList_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("mode", _nvmlProcessMode_t),
        ("numProcArrayEntries", c_uint),
        ("procArray", POINTER(c_nvmlProcessDetail_v1_t)),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"numProcArrayEntries": "%d B"}


c_nvmlProcessDetailList_t = c_nvmlProcessDetailList_v1_t

nvmlProcessDetailList_v1 = 0x1000018


class c_nvmlBridgeChipInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("type", _nvmlBridgeChipType_t),
        ("fwVersion", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlBridgeChipHierarchy_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("bridgeCount", c_uint),
        ("bridgeChipInfo", c_nvmlBridgeChipInfo_t * 128),
    ]


class c_nvmlEccErrorCounts_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("l1Cache", c_ulonglong),
        ("l2Cache", c_ulonglong),
        ("deviceMemory", c_ulonglong),
        ("registerFile", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlUtilization_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("gpu", c_uint),
        ("memory", c_uint),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d %%"}


# Added in 2.285
class c_nvmlHwbcEntry_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("hwbcId", c_uint),
        ("firmwareVersion", c_char * 32),
    ]


class c_nvmlValue_t(Union):
    _fields_ = [
        ("dVal", c_double),
        ("uiVal", c_uint),
        ("ulVal", c_ulong),
        ("ullVal", c_ulonglong),
        ("sllVal", c_longlong),
        ("siVal", c_int),
        ("usVal", c_ushort),
    ]


class c_nvmlSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("sampleValue", c_nvmlValue_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlViolationTime_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("referenceTime", c_ulonglong),
        ("violationTime", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlFieldValue_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("fieldId", c_uint32),
        ("scopeId", c_uint32),
        ("timestamp", c_int64),
        ("latencyUsec", c_int64),
        ("valueType", _nvmlValueType_t),
        ("nvmlReturn", _nvmlReturn_t),
        ("value", c_nvmlValue_t),
    ]


NVML_NVLINK_TOTAL_SUPPORTED_BW_MODES = 23

nvmlNvlinkSupportedBwModes_v1 = 0x100001C


class c_nvmlNvlinkSupportedBwModes_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("bwModes", c_uint8 * NVML_NVLINK_TOTAL_SUPPORTED_BW_MODES),
        ("totalBwModes", c_uint8),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlNvlinkSupportedBwModes_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlNvlinkSupportedBwModes_v1
        )


nvmlNvlinkGetBwMode_v1 = 0x100000C


class c_nvmlNvlinkGetBwMode_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [("version", c_uint), ("bIsBest", c_uint), ("bwMode", c_uint8)]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlNvlinkGetBwMode_v1_t, self).__init__(version=nvmlNvlinkGetBwMode_v1)


nvmlNvlinkSetBwMode_v1 = 0x100000C


class c_nvmlNvlinkSetBwMode_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [("version", c_uint), ("bSetBest", c_uint), ("bwMode", c_uint8)]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlNvlinkSetBwMode_v1_t, self).__init__(version=nvmlNvlinkSetBwMode_v1)


class c_nvmlVgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("mode", c_uint),
    ]


VgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1 = 0x1000008


class c_nvmlVgpuPlacementId_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("placementId", c_uint),
    ]


VgpuPlacementId_v1 = 0x1000008


class c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("count", c_uint),
        ("placementSize", c_uint),
        ("placementIds", POINTER(c_uint)),
    ]


VgpuPlacementList_v1 = 0x1000018

NVML_VGPU_PGPU_HETEROGENEOUS_MODE = 0
NVML_VGPU_PGPU_HOMOGENEOUS_MODE = 1


class c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("placementSize", c_uint),
        ("count", c_uint),
        ("placementIds", POINTER(c_uint)),
        ("mode", c_uint),
    ]


VgpuPlacementList_v2 = 0x2000020


class c_nvmlVgpuTypeBar1Info_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("bar1Size", c_ulonglong),
    ]


VgpuTypeBar1Info_v1 = 0x1000010


class c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("smUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("memUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("encUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("decUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("smUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("memUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("encUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("decUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("jpgUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
        ("ofaUtil", c_nvmlValue_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("sampleValType", _nvmlValueType_t),
        ("vgpuInstanceCount", c_uint),
        ("lastSeenTimeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("vgpuUtilArray", POINTER(c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationInfo_v1_t)),
    ]


VgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo_v1 = 0x01000020


class c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("processName", c_char * NVML_VGPU_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("smUtil", c_uint),
        ("memUtil", c_uint),
        ("encUtil", c_uint),
        ("decUtil", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("processName", c_char * NVML_VGPU_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("smUtil", c_uint),
        ("memUtil", c_uint),
        ("encUtil", c_uint),
        ("decUtil", c_uint),
        ("jpgUtil", c_uint),
        ("ofaUtil", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("vgpuProcessCount", c_uint),
        ("lastSeenTimeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("vgpuProcUtilArray", POINTER(c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t)),
    ]


VgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1 = 0x01000018


class nvmlVgpuRuntimeState_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("size", c_ulonglong),
    ]


VgpuRuntimeState_v1 = 0x1000010


class c_nvmlVgpuLicenseExpiry_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("year", c_uint32),
        ("month", c_uint16),
        ("day", c_uint16),
        ("hour", c_uint16),
        ("min", c_uint16),
        ("sec", c_uint16),
        ("status", c_uint8),
    ]


NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNINITIALIZED = 1
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED_UNRESTRICTED = 2
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED_RESTRICTED = 3
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_UNLICENSED = 4
NVML_GRID_LICENSE_STATE_LICENSED = 5


class c_nvmlVgpuLicenseInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isLicensed", c_uint8),
        ("licenseExpiry", c_nvmlVgpuLicenseExpiry_t),
        ("currentState", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlEncoderSession_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("sessionId", c_uint),
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("codecType", c_uint),
        ("hResolution", c_uint),
        ("vResolution", c_uint),
        ("averageFps", c_uint),
        ("encodeLatency", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlProcessUtilizationSample_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("smUtil", c_uint),
        ("memUtil", c_uint),
        ("encUtil", c_uint),
        ("decUtil", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("smUtil", c_uint),
        ("memUtil", c_uint),
        ("encUtil", c_uint),
        ("decUtil", c_uint),
        ("jpgUtil", c_uint),
        ("ofaUtil", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("processSamplesCount", c_uint),
        ("lastSeenTimeStamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("procUtilArray", POINTER(c_nvmlProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t)),
    ]


ProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1 = 0x01000018


class c_nvmlGridLicenseExpiry_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("year", c_uint32),
        ("month", c_uint16),
        ("day", c_uint16),
        ("hour", c_uint16),
        ("min", c_uint16),
        ("sec", c_uint16),
        ("status", c_uint8),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v4_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
        ("featureState", c_uint),
        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("featureEnabled", c_uint),
        ("licenseExpiry", c_nvmlGridLicenseExpiry_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v4_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
        (
            "gridLicensableFeatures",
            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v4_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
        ),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v3_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
        ("featureState", c_uint),
        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("featureEnabled", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v3_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
        (
            "gridLicensableFeatures",
            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v3_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
        ),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
        ("featureState", c_uint),
        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("productName", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
        (
            "gridLicensableFeatures",
            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_v2_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
        ),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("featureCode", _nvmlGridLicenseFeatureCode_t),
        ("featureState", c_uint),
        ("licenseInfo", c_char * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isGridLicenseSupported", c_int),
        ("licensableFeaturesCount", c_uint),
        (
            "gridLicensableFeatures",
            c_nvmlGridLicensableFeature_t * NVML_GRID_LICENSE_FEATURE_MAX_COUNT,
        ),
    ]


class c_nvmlMarginTemperature_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("marginTemperature", c_int),
    ]


nvmlMarginTemperature_v1 = 0x1000008


## Event structures
class struct_c_nvmlEventSet_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlEventSet_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlEventSet_t)

nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccError = 0x0000000000000001
nvmlEventTypeDoubleBitEccError = 0x0000000000000002
nvmlEventTypePState = 0x0000000000000004
nvmlEventTypeXidCriticalError = 0x0000000000000008
nvmlEventTypeClock = 0x0000000000000010
nvmlEventTypePowerSourceChange = 0x0000000000000080
nvmlEventMigConfigChange = 0x0000000000000100
nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccErrorStorm = 0x0000000000000200
nvmlEventTypeDramRetirementEvent = 0x0000000000000400
nvmlEventTypeDramRetirementFailure = 0x0000000000000800
nvmlEventTypeNonFatalPoisonError = 0x0000000000001000
nvmlEventTypeFatalPoisonError = 0x0000000000002000
nvmlEventTypeGpuUnavailableError = 0x0000000000004000
nvmlEventTypeGpuRecoveryAction = 0x0000000000008000
nvmlEventTypeNone = 0x0000000000000000
nvmlEventTypeAll = (
    nvmlEventTypeNone
    | nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccError
    | nvmlEventTypeDoubleBitEccError
    | nvmlEventTypePState
    | nvmlEventTypeClock
    | nvmlEventTypePowerSourceChange
    | nvmlEventTypeXidCriticalError
    | nvmlEventMigConfigChange
    | nvmlEventTypeSingleBitEccErrorStorm
    | nvmlEventTypeDramRetirementEvent
    | nvmlEventTypeDramRetirementFailure
    | nvmlEventTypeNonFatalPoisonError
    | nvmlEventTypeFatalPoisonError
    | nvmlEventTypeGpuUnavailableError
    | nvmlEventTypeGpuRecoveryAction
)

## Clock Event Reasons defines
nvmlClocksEventReasonGpuIdle = 0x0000000000000001
nvmlClocksEventReasonApplicationsClocksSetting = 0x0000000000000002
nvmlClocksEventReasonUserDefinedClocks = nvmlClocksEventReasonApplicationsClocksSetting  # deprecated, use nvmlClocksEventReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
nvmlClocksEventReasonSwPowerCap = 0x0000000000000004
nvmlClocksEventReasonHwSlowdown = 0x0000000000000008
nvmlClocksEventReasonSyncBoost = 0x0000000000000010
nvmlClocksEventReasonSwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000020
nvmlClocksEventReasonHwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000040
nvmlClocksEventReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown = 0x0000000000000080
nvmlClocksEventReasonDisplayClockSetting = 0x0000000000000100
nvmlClocksEventReasonNone = 0x0000000000000000
nvmlClocksEventReasonAll = (
    nvmlClocksEventReasonNone
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonGpuIdle
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonSwPowerCap
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonHwSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonSyncBoost
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonSwThermalSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonHwThermalSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksEventReasonDisplayClockSetting
)

## Following have been deprecated
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonGpuIdle = 0x0000000000000001
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting = 0x0000000000000002
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonUserDefinedClocks = nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting  # deprecated, use nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwPowerCap = 0x0000000000000004
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwSlowdown = 0x0000000000000008
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSyncBoost = 0x0000000000000010
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000020
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwThermalSlowdown = 0x0000000000000040
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown = 0x0000000000000080
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonDisplayClockSetting = 0x0000000000000100
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonNone = 0x0000000000000000
nvmlClocksThrottleReasonAll = (
    nvmlClocksThrottleReasonNone
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonGpuIdle
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonApplicationsClocksSetting
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwPowerCap
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSyncBoost
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonSwThermalSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwThermalSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonHwPowerBrakeSlowdown
    | nvmlClocksThrottleReasonDisplayClockSetting
)


class c_nvmlEventData_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
        ("eventType", c_ulonglong),
        ("eventData", c_ulonglong),
        ("gpuInstanceId", c_uint),
        ("computeInstanceId", c_uint),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"eventType": "0x%08X"}


class c_nvmlAccountingStats_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("gpuUtilization", c_uint),
        ("memoryUtilization", c_uint),
        ("maxMemoryUsage", c_ulonglong),
        ("time", c_ulonglong),
        ("startTime", c_ulonglong),
        ("isRunning", c_uint),
        ("reserved", c_uint * 5),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("minVersion", c_uint), ("maxVersion", c_uint)]


class c_nvmlVgpuMetadata_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("revision", c_uint),
        ("guestInfoState", _nvmlVgpuGuestInfoState_t),
        ("guestDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("hostDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("reserved", c_uint * 6),
        ("vgpuVirtualizationCaps", c_uint),
        ("guestVgpuVersion", c_uint),
        ("opaqueDataSize", c_uint),
        ("opaqueData", c_char * NVML_VGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuPgpuMetadata_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("revision", c_uint),
        ("hostDriverVersion", c_char * NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("pgpuVirtualizationCaps", c_uint),
        ("reserved", c_uint * 5),
        ("hostSupportedVgpuRange", c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t),
        ("opaqueDataSize", c_uint),
        ("opaqueData", c_char * NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibility_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("vgpuVmCompatibility", _nvmlVgpuVmCompatibility_t),
        ("compatibilityLimitCode", _nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibilityLimitCode_t),
    ]


## vGPU scheduler policy defines
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_UNKNOWN = 0
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_BEST_EFFORT = 1
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_EQUAL_SHARE = 2
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_FIXED_SHARE = 3

## Supported vGPU scheduler policy count
NVML_SUPPORTED_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_COUNT = 3

NVML_SCHEDULER_SW_MAX_LOG_ENTRIES = 200

NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_ARR_DEFAULT = 0
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_ARR_DISABLE = 1
NVML_VGPU_SCHEDULER_ARR_ENABLE = 2


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedDataWithARR_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("avgFactor", c_uint),
        ("timeslice", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedData_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timeslice", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerParams_t(Union):
    _fields_ = [
        ("vgpuSchedDataWithARR", c_nvmlVgpuSchedDataWithARR_t),
        ("vgpuSchedData", c_nvmlVgpuSchedData_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerLogEntry_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timestamp", c_ulonglong),
        ("timeRunTotal", c_ulonglong),
        ("timeRun", c_ulonglong),
        ("swRunlistId", c_uint),
        ("targetTimeSlice", c_ulonglong),
        ("cumulativePreemptionTime", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerLog_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("engineId", c_uint),
        ("schedulerPolicy", c_uint),
        ("arrMode", c_uint),
        ("schedulerParams", c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerParams_t),
        ("entriesCount", c_uint),
        (
            "logEntries",
            c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerLogEntry_t * NVML_SCHEDULER_SW_MAX_LOG_ENTRIES,
        ),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerGetState_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("schedulerPolicy", c_uint),
        ("arrMode", c_uint),
        ("schedulerParams", c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerParams_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedSetDataWithARR_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("avgFactor", c_uint),
        ("frequency", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedSetData_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("timeslice", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerSetParams_t(Union):
    _fields_ = [
        ("vgpuSchedDataWithARR", c_nvmlVgpuSchedSetDataWithARR_t),
        ("vgpuSchedData", c_nvmlVgpuSchedSetData_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerSetState_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("schedulerPolicy", c_uint),
        ("enableARRMode", c_uint),
        ("schedulerParams", c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerSetParams_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerCapabilities_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("supportedSchedulers", c_uint * NVML_SUPPORTED_VGPU_SCHEDULER_POLICY_COUNT),
        ("maxTimeslice", c_uint),
        ("minTimeslice", c_uint),
        ("isArrModeSupported", c_uint),
        ("maxFrequencyForARR", c_uint),
        ("minFrequencyForARR", c_uint),
        ("maxAvgFactorForARR", c_uint),
        ("minAvgFactorForARR", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlFBCStats_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("sessionsCount", c_uint),
        ("averageFPS", c_uint),
        ("averageLatency", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlFBCSession_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("sessionId", c_uint),
        ("pid", c_uint),
        ("vgpuInstance", _nvmlVgpuInstance_t),
        ("displayOrdinal", c_uint),
        ("sessionType", c_uint),
        ("sessionFlags", c_uint),
        ("hMaxResolution", c_uint),
        ("vMaxResolution", c_uint),
        ("hResolution", c_uint),
        ("vResolution", c_uint),
        ("averageFPS", c_uint),
        ("averageLatency", c_uint),
    ]


NVML_DEVICE_MIG_DISABLE = 0x0
NVML_DEVICE_MIG_ENABLE = 0x1

NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE = 0x0
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE = 0x1
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_3_SLICE = 0x2
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_4_SLICE = 0x3
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_7_SLICE = 0x4
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_8_SLICE = 0x5
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_6_SLICE = 0x6
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE_REV1 = 0x7
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE_REV1 = 0x8
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE_REV2 = 0x9
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE_GFX = 0xA
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE_GFX = 0xB
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_4_SLICE_GFX = 0xC
NVML_GPU_INSTANCE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0xD


class c_nvmlGpuInstancePlacement_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("start", c_uint), ("size", c_uint)]


class c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("isP2pSupported", c_uint),
        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
        ("copyEngineCount", c_uint),
        ("decoderCount", c_uint),
        ("encoderCount", c_uint),
        ("jpegCount", c_uint),
        ("ofaCount", c_uint),
        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
    ]


nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2 = 0x02000098


class c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("isP2pSupported", c_uint),
        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
        ("copyEngineCount", c_uint),
        ("decoderCount", c_uint),
        ("encoderCount", c_uint),
        ("jpegCount", c_uint),
        ("ofaCount", c_uint),
        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
        ("name", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2
        )


class c_nvmlGpuInstanceInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("profileId", c_uint),
        ("placement", c_nvmlGpuInstancePlacement_t),
    ]


class struct_c_nvmlGpuInstance_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlGpuInstance_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlGpuInstance_t)

NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE = 0x0
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_2_SLICE = 0x1
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_3_SLICE = 0x2
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_4_SLICE = 0x3
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_7_SLICE = 0x4
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_8_SLICE = 0x5
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_6_SLICE = 0x6
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_1_SLICE_REV1 = 0x7
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0x8

NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ENGINE_PROFILE_SHARED = 0x0
NVML_COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ENGINE_PROFILE_COUNT = 0x1


class c_nvmlComputeInstancePlacement_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("start", c_uint), ("size", c_uint)]


class c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
    ]


nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2 = 0x02000088


class c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("sliceCount", c_uint),
        ("instanceCount", c_uint),
        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
        ("name", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2
        )


class c_nvmlComputeInstanceInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("device", c_nvmlDevice_t),
        ("gpuInstance", c_nvmlGpuInstance_t),
        ("id", c_uint),
        ("profileId", c_uint),
        ("placement", c_nvmlComputeInstancePlacement_t),
    ]


NVML_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS = 8
NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_GPU = 0
NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_FB = 1
NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_VID = 2
NVML_GPU_UTILIZATION_DOMAIN_BUS = 3


class c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesUtilization_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("bIsPresent", c_uint, 1),
        ("percentage", c_uint),
        ("incThreshold", c_uint),
        ("decThreshold", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("flags", c_uint),
        (
            "utilization",
            c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesUtilization_t * NVML_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS,
        ),
    ]


NVML_MAX_THERMAL_SENSORS_PER_GPU = 3

NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_NONE = 0
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_GPU = 1
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_MEMORY = 2
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_POWER_SUPPLY = 4
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_BOARD = 8
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_BOARD = 9
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_INLET = 10
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_VCD_OUTLET = 11
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_ALL = 15
NVML_THERMAL_TARGET_UNKNOWN = -1

NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NONE = 0
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_GPU_INTERNAL = 1
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADM1032 = 2
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7461 = 3
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX6649 = 4
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX1617 = 5
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM99 = 6
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM89 = 7
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_LM64 = 8
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_G781 = 9
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7473 = 10
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_SBMAX6649 = 11
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_VBIOSEVT = 12
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_OS = 13
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NVSYSCON_CANOAS = 14
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_NVSYSCON_E551 = 15
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_MAX6649R = 16
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_ADT7473S = 17
NVML_THERMAL_CONTROLLER_UNKNOWN = -1


class c_nvmlGpuThermalSensor_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("controller", c_int),
        ("defaultMinTemp", c_int),
        ("defaultMaxTemp", c_int),
        ("currentTemp", c_int),
        ("target", c_int),
    ]


class c_nvmlGpuThermalSettings_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("count", c_uint),
        ("sensor", c_nvmlGpuThermalSensor_t * NVML_MAX_THERMAL_SENSORS_PER_GPU),
    ]


_nvmlCoolerControl_t = c_uint
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_SIGNAL_NONE = 0
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_SIGNAL_TOGGLE = 1
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_SIGNAL_VARIABLE = 2
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_SIGNAL_COUNT = 3

_nvmlCoolerTarget_t = c_uint
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_NONE = 1 << 0
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_GPU = 1 << 1
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_MEMORY = 1 << 2
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_POWER_SUPPLY = 1 << 3
NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_GPU_RELATED = (
    NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_GPU
    | NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_MEMORY
    | NVML_THERMAL_COOLER_TARGET_POWER_SUPPLY
)


class c_nvmlCoolerInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("index", c_uint),
        ("coolerControlType", _nvmlCoolerControl_t),
        ("coolerTarget", _nvmlCoolerTarget_t),
    ]


nvmlCoolerInfo_v1 = 0x1000010


def nvmlDeviceGetCoolerInfo(handle):
    c_coolerInfo = c_nvmlCoolerInfo_t()
    c_coolerInfo.version = nvmlCoolerInfo_v1
    c_coolerInfo.index = 0
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCoolerInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_coolerInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_coolerInfo.coolerControlType, c_coolerInfo.coolerTarget]


class struct_c_nvmlComputeInstance_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlComputeInstance_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlComputeInstance_t)


class c_nvmlDeviceAttributes(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("multiprocessorCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedCopyEngineCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedDecoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedEncoderCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedJpegCount", c_uint),
        ("sharedOfaCount", c_uint),
        ("gpuInstanceSliceCount", c_uint),
        ("computeInstanceSliceCount", c_uint),
        ("memorySizeMB", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlRowRemapperHistogramValues(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("max", c_uint),
        ("high", c_uint),
        ("partial", c_uint),
        ("low", c_uint),
        ("none", c_uint),
    ]


NVML_GPU_CERT_CHAIN_SIZE = 0x1000
NVML_GPU_ATTESTATION_CERT_CHAIN_SIZE = 0x1400
NVML_CC_GPU_CEC_NONCE_SIZE = 0x20
NVML_CC_GPU_ATTESTATION_REPORT_SIZE = 0x2000
NVML_CC_GPU_CEC_ATTESTATION_REPORT_SIZE = 0x1000
NVML_CC_CEC_ATTESTATION_REPORT_NOT_PRESENT = 0
NVML_CC_CEC_ATTESTATION_REPORT_PRESENT = 1


class c_nvmlConfComputeSystemState_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("environment", c_uint),
        ("ccFeature", c_uint),
        ("devToolsMode", c_uint),
    ]


nvmlSystemConfComputeSettings_v1 = 0x1000014


class c_nvmlSystemConfComputeSettings_v1_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("environment", c_uint),
        ("ccFeature", c_uint),
        ("devToolsMode", c_uint),
        ("multiGpuMode", c_uint),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlSystemConfComputeSettings_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlSystemConfComputeSettings_v1
        )


class c_nvmlConfComputeSystemCaps_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("cpuCaps", c_uint),
        ("gpusCaps", c_uint),
    ]


class c_nvmlConfComputeMemSizeInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("protectedMemSizeKib", c_ulonglong),
        ("unprotectedMemSizeKib", c_ulonglong),
    ]


class c_nvmlConfComputeGpuCertificate_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("certChainSize", c_uint),
        ("attestationCertChainSize", c_uint),
        ("certChain", c_uint8 * NVML_GPU_CERT_CHAIN_SIZE),
        ("attestationCertChain", c_uint8 * NVML_GPU_ATTESTATION_CERT_CHAIN_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlConfComputeGpuAttestationReport_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("isCecAttestationReportPresent", c_uint),
        ("attestationReportSize", c_uint),
        ("cecAttestationReportSize", c_uint),
        ("nonce", c_uint8 * NVML_CC_GPU_CEC_NONCE_SIZE),
        ("attestationReport", c_uint8 * NVML_CC_GPU_ATTESTATION_REPORT_SIZE),
        ("cecAttestationReport", c_uint8 * NVML_CC_GPU_CEC_ATTESTATION_REPORT_SIZE),
    ]


class c_nvmlConfComputeSetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("maxAttackerAdvantage", c_ulong),
    ]


ConfComputeSetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_v1 = 0x1000010


class c_nvmlConfComputeGetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("attackerAdvantage", c_ulong),
    ]


ConfComputeGetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_v1 = 0x1000010


## string/bytes conversion for ease of use
def convertStrBytes(func):
    """
    In python 3, strings are unicode instead of bytes, and need to be converted for ctypes
    Args from caller: (1, 'string', <__main__.c_nvmlDevice_t at 0xFFFFFFFF>)
    Args passed to function: (1, b'string', <__main__.c_nvmlDevice_t at 0xFFFFFFFF)>
    ----
    Returned from function: b'returned string'
    Returned to caller: 'returned string'
    """

    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        # encoding a str returns bytes in python 2 and 3
        args = [arg.encode() if isinstance(arg, str) else arg for arg in args]
        res = func(*args, **kwargs)
        # In python 2, str and bytes are the same
        # In python 3, str is unicode and should be decoded.
        # Ctypes handles most conversions, this only effects c_char and char arrays.
        if isinstance(res, bytes):
            if isinstance(res, str):
                return res
            return res.decode()
        return res

    if sys.version_info >= (3,):
        return wrapper
    return func


def throwOnVersionMismatch(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        except NVMLError_FunctionNotFound:
            raise NVMLLibraryMismatchError(
                "Unversioned function called and the "
                "pyNVML version does not match the NVML lib version. "
                "Either use matching pyNVML and NVML lib versions or "
                "use a versioned function such as " + func.__name__ + "_v2"
            )

    return wrapper


## C function wrappers ##
def nvmlInitWithFlags(flags):
    _LoadNvmlLibrary()

    #
    # Initialize the library
    #
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlInitWithFlags")
    ret = fn(flags)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    # Atomically update refcount
    global _nvmlLib_refcount
    libLoadLock.acquire()
    _nvmlLib_refcount += 1
    libLoadLock.release()
    return None


def nvmlInit():
    nvmlInitWithFlags(0)
    return None


def _LoadNvmlLibrary():
    """
    Load the library if it isn't loaded already
    """
    global nvmlLib

    if nvmlLib == None:
        # lock to ensure only one caller loads the library
        libLoadLock.acquire()

        try:
            # ensure the library still isn't loaded
            if nvmlLib == None:
                try:
                    if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
                        # cdecl calling convention
                        try:
                            # Check for nvml.dll in System32 first for DCH drivers
                            nvmlLib = CDLL(
                                os.path.join(
                                    os.getenv("WINDIR", "C:/Windows"),
                                    "System32/nvml.dll",
                                )
                            )
                        except OSError as ose:
                            # If nvml.dll is not found in System32, it should be in ProgramFiles
                            # load nvml.dll from %ProgramFiles%/NVIDIA Corporation/NVSMI/nvml.dll
                            nvmlLib = CDLL(
                                os.path.join(
                                    os.getenv("ProgramFiles", "C:/Program Files"),
                                    "NVIDIA Corporation/NVSMI/nvml.dll",
                                )
                            )
                    else:
                        # assume linux
                        nvmlLib = CDLL("libnvidia-ml.so.1")
                except OSError as ose:
                    _nvmlCheckReturn(NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND)
                if nvmlLib == None:
                    _nvmlCheckReturn(NVML_ERROR_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND)
        finally:
            # lock is always freed
            libLoadLock.release()


def nvmlShutdown():
    #
    # Leave the library loaded, but shutdown the interface
    #
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlShutdown")
    ret = fn()
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    # Atomically update refcount
    global _nvmlLib_refcount
    libLoadLock.acquire()
    if 0 < _nvmlLib_refcount:
        _nvmlLib_refcount -= 1
    libLoadLock.release()
    return None


# Added in 2.285
@convertStrBytes
def nvmlErrorString(result):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlErrorString")
    fn.restype = c_char_p  # otherwise return is an int
    ret = fn(result)
    return ret


# Added in 2.285
@convertStrBytes
def nvmlSystemGetNVMLVersion():
    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetNVMLVersion")
    ret = fn(c_version, c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_NVML_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


def nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion():
    c_cuda_version = c_int()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion")
    ret = fn(byref(c_cuda_version))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_cuda_version.value


def nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion_v2():
    c_cuda_version = c_int()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetCudaDriverVersion_v2")
    ret = fn(byref(c_cuda_version))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_cuda_version.value


# Added in 2.285
@convertStrBytes
def nvmlSystemGetProcessName(pid):
    c_name = create_string_buffer(1024)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetProcessName")
    ret = fn(c_uint(pid), c_name, c_uint(1024))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_name.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlSystemGetDriverVersion():
    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetDriverVersion")
    ret = fn(c_version, c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlSystemGetHicVersion():
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    hics = None
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetHicVersion")

    # get the count
    ret = fn(byref(c_count), None)

    # this should only fail with insufficient size
    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
        raise NVMLError(ret)

    # If there are no hics
    if c_count.value == 0:
        return []

    hic_array = c_nvmlHwbcEntry_t * c_count.value
    hics = hic_array()
    ret = fn(byref(c_count), hics)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return hics


def nvmlSystemGetDriverBranch():
    c_branchInfo = c_nvmlSystemDriverBranchInfo_v1_t(0)
    c_branchInfo.version = SystemDriverBranchInfo_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetDriverBranch")
    ret = fn(byref(c_branchInfo), c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_branchInfo


## Unit get functions
def nvmlUnitGetCount():
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetCount")
    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlUnitGetHandleByIndex(index):
    c_index = c_uint(index)
    unit = c_nvmlUnit_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetHandleByIndex")
    ret = fn(c_index, byref(unit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return unit


def nvmlUnitGetUnitInfo(unit):
    c_info = c_nvmlUnitInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetUnitInfo")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlUnitGetLedState(unit):
    c_state = c_nvmlLedState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetLedState")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_state


def nvmlUnitGetPsuInfo(unit):
    c_info = c_nvmlPSUInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetPsuInfo")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlUnitGetTemperature(unit, type):
    c_temp = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetTemperature")
    ret = fn(unit, c_uint(type), byref(c_temp))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_temp.value


def nvmlUnitGetFanSpeedInfo(unit):
    c_speeds = c_nvmlUnitFanSpeeds_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetFanSpeedInfo")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_speeds))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speeds


# added to API
def nvmlUnitGetDeviceCount(unit):
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    # query the unit to determine device count
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetDevices")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_count), None)
    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        ret = NVML_SUCCESS
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlUnitGetDevices(unit):
    c_count = c_uint(nvmlUnitGetDeviceCount(unit))
    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
    c_devices = device_array()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitGetDevices")
    ret = fn(unit, byref(c_count), c_devices)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_devices


## Device get functions
def nvmlDeviceGetCount():
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCount_v2")
    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex(index):
    c_index = c_uint(index)
    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex_v2")
    ret = fn(c_index, byref(device))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return device


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetHandleBySerial(serial):
    c_serial = c_char_p(serial)
    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleBySerial")
    ret = fn(c_serial, byref(device))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return device


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByUUID(uuid):
    c_uuid = c_char_p(uuid)
    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByUUID")
    ret = fn(c_uuid, byref(device))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return device


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetHandleByPciBusId(pciBusId):
    c_busId = c_char_p(pciBusId)
    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHandleByPciBusId_v2")
    ret = fn(c_busId, byref(device))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return device


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetName(handle):
    c_name = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetName")
    ret = fn(handle, c_name, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_V2_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_name.value


class c_nvmlDevicePerfModes_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("str", c_char * NVML_PERF_MODES_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]


nvmlDevicePerfModes_v1 = 0x1000804


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceModes(handle):
    perfModes = c_nvmlDevicePerfModes_v1_t()
    perfModes.version = nvmlDevicePerfModes_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceModes")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(perfModes))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return perfModes.str


class c_nvmlDeviceCurrentClockFreqs_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("str", c_char * NVML_PERF_MODES_BUFFER_SIZE),
    ]


nvmlDeviceCurrentClockFreqs_v1 = 0x1000804


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClockFreqs(handle):
    currentClockFreqs = c_nvmlDeviceCurrentClockFreqs_v1_t()
    currentClockFreqs.version = nvmlDeviceCurrentClockFreqs_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClockFreqs")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(currentClockFreqs))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return currentClockFreqs.str


def nvmlDeviceGetBoardId(handle):
    c_id = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBoardId")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_id))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_id.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMultiGpuBoard(handle):
    c_multiGpu = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMultiGpuBoard")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_multiGpu))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_multiGpu.value


def nvmlDeviceGetBrand(handle):
    c_type = _nvmlBrandType_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBrand")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_type))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_type.value


def nvmlDeviceGetC2cModeInfoV1(handle):
    c_info = c_nvmlC2cModeInfo_v1_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetC2cModeInfoV")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlDeviceGetC2cModeInfoV(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetC2cModeInfoV1(handle)


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetBoardPartNumber(handle):
    c_part_number = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBoardPartNumber")
    ret = fn(handle, c_part_number, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_PART_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_part_number.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetSerial(handle):
    c_serial = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSerial")
    ret = fn(handle, c_serial, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_serial.value


def nvmlDeviceGetModuleId(handle, moduleId=c_uint()):
    isReference = type(moduleId) is not c_uint
    moduleIdRef = moduleId if isReference else byref(moduleId)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetModuleId")
    ret = fn(handle, moduleIdRef)
    if isReference:
        return ret
    else:
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        return moduleId.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryAffinity(handle, nodeSetSize, scope):
    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * nodeSetSize
    c_affinity = affinity_array()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryAffinity")
    ret = fn(handle, nodeSetSize, byref(c_affinity), _nvmlAffinityScope_t(scope))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_affinity


def nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinityWithinScope(handle, cpuSetSize, scope):
    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * cpuSetSize
    c_affinity = affinity_array()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinityWithinScope")
    ret = fn(handle, cpuSetSize, byref(c_affinity), _nvmlAffinityScope_t(scope))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_affinity


def nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinity(handle, cpuSetSize):
    affinity_array = c_ulonglong * cpuSetSize
    c_affinity = affinity_array()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCpuAffinity")
    ret = fn(handle, cpuSetSize, byref(c_affinity))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_affinity


def nvmlDeviceSetCpuAffinity(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetCpuAffinity")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceClearCpuAffinity(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearCpuAffinity")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetNumaNodeId(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNumaNodeId")
    node = c_int()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(node))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return node.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMinorNumber(handle):
    c_minor_number = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinorNumber")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_minor_number))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_minor_number.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetUUID(handle):
    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetUUID")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uuid, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_V2_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_uuid.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetInforomVersion(handle, infoRomObject):
    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomVersion")
    ret = fn(
        handle,
        _nvmlInforomObject_t(infoRomObject),
        c_version,
        c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE),
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


# Added in 4.304
@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetInforomImageVersion(handle):
    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomImageVersion")
    ret = fn(handle, c_version, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_INFOROM_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetInforomConfigurationChecksum(handle):
    c_checksum = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetInforomConfigurationChecksum")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_checksum))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_checksum.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceValidateInforom(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceValidateInforom")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetLastBBXFlushTime(handle):
    c_timestamp = c_ulonglong()
    c_durationUs = c_ulong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetLastBBXFlushTime")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_timestamp), byref(c_durationUs))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_timestamp.value, c_durationUs.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetDisplayMode(handle):
    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDisplayMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceGetDisplayActive(handle):
    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDisplayActive")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPersistenceMode(handle):
    c_state = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPersistenceMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_state.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPciInfoExt(handle, c_info):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPciInfoExt")
    ret = fn(handle, c_info)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3(handle):
    c_info = nvmlPciInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetPciInfo_v3(handle)


def nvmlDeviceGetClockInfo(handle, type):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClockInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlDeviceGetMaxClockInfo(handle, type):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxClockInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetApplicationsClock(handle, type):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetApplicationsClock")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMaxCustomerBoostClock(handle, type):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxCustomerBoostClock")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


def nvmlDeviceGetClock(handle, type, id):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClock")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), _nvmlClockId_t(id), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


# Added in 5.319
def nvmlDeviceGetDefaultApplicationsClock(handle, type):
    c_clock = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDefaultApplicationsClock")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlClockType_t(type), byref(c_clock))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_clock.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedMemoryClocks(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedMemoryClocks")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no clocks
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        clocks_array = c_uint * c_count.value
        c_clocks = clocks_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_clocks)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            procs.append(c_clocks[i])

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedGraphicsClocks(handle, memoryClockMHz):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedGraphicsClocks")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(memoryClockMHz), byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no clocks
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        clocks_array = c_uint * c_count.value
        c_clocks = clocks_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, c_uint(memoryClockMHz), byref(c_count), c_clocks)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            procs.append(c_clocks[i])

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed(handle):
    c_speed = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_speed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speed.value


def nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed_v2(handle, fan):
    c_speed = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, fan, byref(c_speed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speed.value


class c_nvmlFanSpeedInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("fan", c_uint),
        ("speed", c_uint),
    ]


nvmlFanSpeedInfo_v1 = 0x100000C


def nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeedRPM(handle):
    c_fanSpeed = c_nvmlFanSpeedInfo_t()
    c_fanSpeed.fan = 0
    c_fanSpeed.version = nvmlFanSpeedInfo_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeedRPM")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_fanSpeed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fanSpeed.speed


def nvmlDeviceGetTargetFanSpeed(handle, fan):
    c_speed = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTargetFanSpeed")
    ret = fn(handle, fan, byref(c_speed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speed.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNumFans(device):
    c_numFans = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNumFans")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_numFans))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_numFans.value


def nvmlDeviceSetDefaultFanSpeed_v2(handle, index):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDefaultFanSpeed_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, index)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxFanSpeed(handle, minSpeed=c_uint(), maxSpeed=c_uint()):
    isReference = (type(minSpeed) is not c_uint) or (type(maxSpeed) is not c_uint)
    minSpeedRef = minSpeed if isReference else byref(minSpeed)
    maxSpeedRef = maxSpeed if isReference else byref(maxSpeed)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxFanSpeed")
    ret = fn(handle, minSpeedRef, maxSpeedRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else [minSpeed.value, maxSpeed.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetFanControlPolicy_v2(handle, fan, fanControlPolicy=c_uint()):
    isReference = type(fanControlPolicy) is not c_uint
    fanControlPolicyRef = fanControlPolicy if isReference else byref(fanControlPolicy)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFanControlPolicy_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, fan, fanControlPolicyRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else fanControlPolicy.value


def nvmlDeviceSetFanControlPolicy(handle, fan, fanControlPolicy):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetFanControlPolicy")
    ret = fn(handle, fan, _nvmlFanControlPolicy_t(fanControlPolicy))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


class c_nvmlTemperature_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("sensorType", _nvmlTemperatureSensors_t),
        ("temperature", c_int),
    ]


nvmlTemperature_v1 = 0x100000C


def nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureV1(handle, sensor):
    c_temp = c_nvmlTemperature_v1_t()
    c_temp.version = nvmlTemperature_v1
    c_temp.sensorType = _nvmlTemperatureSensors_t(sensor)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureV")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_temp))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_temp.temperature


def nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureV(handle, sensor, version=nvmlTemperature_v1):
    if version == nvmlTemperature_v1:
        return nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureV1(handle, sensor)
    else:
        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_ARGUMENT_VERSION_MISMATCH)


# DEPRECATED use nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureV instead
def nvmlDeviceGetTemperature(handle, sensor):
    c_temp = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTemperature")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureSensors_t(sensor), byref(c_temp))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_temp.value


def nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureThreshold(handle, threshold):
    c_temp = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTemperatureThreshold")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t(threshold), byref(c_temp))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_temp.value


def nvmlDeviceSetTemperatureThreshold(handle, threshold, temp):
    c_temp = c_uint()
    c_temp.value = temp
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetTemperatureThreshold")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlTemperatureThresholds_t(threshold), byref(c_temp))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetMarginTemperature(handle):
    c_marginTempInfo = c_nvmlMarginTemperature_v1_t()
    c_marginTempInfo.version = nvmlMarginTemperature_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMarginTemperature")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_marginTempInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_marginTempInfo.marginTemperature


# DEPRECATED use nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState
def nvmlDeviceGetPowerState(handle):
    c_pstate = _nvmlPstates_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerState")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pstate))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_pstate.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState(handle):
    c_pstate = _nvmlPstates_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPerformanceState")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pstate))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_pstate.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementMode(handle):
    c_pcapMode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pcapMode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_pcapMode.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimit(handle):
    c_limit = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimit")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_limit.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimitConstraints(handle):
    c_minLimit = c_uint()
    c_maxLimit = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementLimitConstraints")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_minLimit), byref(c_maxLimit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_minLimit.value, c_maxLimit.value]


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementDefaultLimit(handle):
    c_limit = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerManagementDefaultLimit")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_limit.value


# Added in 331
def nvmlDeviceGetEnforcedPowerLimit(handle):
    c_limit = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEnforcedPowerLimit")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_limit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_limit.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPowerUsage(handle):
    c_watts = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerUsage")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_watts))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_watts.value


def nvmlDeviceGetTotalEnergyConsumption(handle):
    c_millijoules = c_uint64()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTotalEnergyConsumption")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_millijoules))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_millijoules.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle):
    c_currState = _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t()
    c_pendingState = _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currState), byref(c_pendingState))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_currState.value, c_pendingState.value]


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentGpuOperationMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle)[0]


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetPendingGpuOperationMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetGpuOperationMode(handle)[1]


def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo(handle, version=None):
    if not version:
        c_memory = c_nvmlMemory_t()
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo")
    else:
        c_memory = c_nvmlMemory_v2_t()
        c_memory.version = version
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_memory))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_memory


def nvmlDeviceGetBAR1MemoryInfo(handle):
    c_bar1_memory = c_nvmlBAR1Memory_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBAR1MemoryInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_bar1_memory))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_bar1_memory


def nvmlDeviceGetComputeMode(handle):
    c_mode = _nvmlComputeMode_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceGetCudaComputeCapability(handle):
    c_major = c_int()
    c_minor = c_int()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCudaComputeCapability")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_major), byref(c_minor))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_major.value, c_minor.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle):
    c_currState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    c_pendingState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEccMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currState), byref(c_pendingState))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_currState.value, c_pendingState.value]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentEccMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle)[0]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetPendingEccMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetEccMode(handle)[1]


def nvmlDeviceGetDefaultEccMode(handle):
    c_defaultState = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDefaultEccMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_defaultState))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_defaultState.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetTotalEccErrors(handle, errorType, counterType):
    c_count = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTotalEccErrors")
    ret = fn(
        handle,
        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
        byref(c_count),
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


# This is deprecated, instead use nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter
def nvmlDeviceGetDetailedEccErrors(handle, errorType, counterType):
    c_counts = c_nvmlEccErrorCounts_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDetailedEccErrors")
    ret = fn(
        handle,
        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
        byref(c_counts),
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_counts


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter(handle, errorType, counterType, locationType):
    c_count = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryErrorCounter")
    ret = fn(
        handle,
        _nvmlMemoryErrorType_t(errorType),
        _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType),
        _nvmlMemoryLocation_t(locationType),
        byref(c_count),
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlDeviceGetUtilizationRates(handle):
    c_util = c_nvmlUtilization_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetUtilizationRates")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_util


def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderUtilization(handle):
    c_util = c_uint()
    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetDecoderUtilization(handle):
    c_util = c_uint()
    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDecoderUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetJpgUtilization(handle):
    c_util = c_uint()
    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetJpgUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetOfaUtilization(handle):
    c_util = c_uint()
    c_samplingPeriod = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetOfaUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_util), byref(c_samplingPeriod))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_util.value, c_samplingPeriod.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetPcieReplayCounter(handle):
    c_replay = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieReplayCounter")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_replay))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_replay.value


def nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle):
    c_currModel = _nvmlDriverModel_t()
    c_pendingModel = _nvmlDriverModel_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currModel), byref(c_pendingModel))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_currModel.value, c_pendingModel.value]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentDriverModel(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle)[0]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetPendingDriverModel(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetDriverModel(handle)[1]


# Added in 2.285
@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetVbiosVersion(handle):
    c_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVbiosVersion")
    ret = fn(handle, c_version, c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_VBIOS_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v2(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v2_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()
        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)
        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v3")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v3_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


@throwOnVersionMismatch
def nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle)


def nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v2(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)
    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v2_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()
        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)
        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v3")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v3_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


@throwOnVersionMismatch
def nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetGraphicsRunningProcesses_v3(handle)


@throwOnVersionMismatch
def nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle)


def nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v2(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v2_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v3(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMPSComputeRunningProcesses_v3")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        # oversize the array in case more processes are created
        c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
        proc_array = c_nvmlProcessInfo_v3_t * c_count.value
        c_procs = proc_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_count), c_procs)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_count.value):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = nvmlStructToFriendlyObject(c_procs[i])
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetRunningProcessDetailList(handle, version, mode):
    c_processDetailList = c_nvmlProcessDetailList_t()
    c_processDetailList.version = version
    c_processDetailList.mode = mode

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRunningProcessDetailList")

    # first call to get the size
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_processDetailList))
    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no running processes
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        c_procs = c_nvmlProcessDetail_v1_t * c_processDetailList.numProcArrayEntries
        c_processDetailList.procArray = cast(
            (c_procs)(), POINTER(c_nvmlProcessDetail_v1_t)
        )

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_processDetailList))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        procs = []
        for i in range(c_processDetailList.numProcArrayEntries):
            # use an alternative struct for this object
            obj = c_processDetailList.procArray[i]
            if obj.usedGpuMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                obj.usedGpuMemory = None
            if obj.usedGpuCcProtectedMemory == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
                obj.usedGpuCcProtectedMemory = None
            procs.append(obj)

        return procs
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle):
    c_isEnabled = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    c_defaultIsEnabled = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_isEnabled), byref(c_defaultIsEnabled))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_isEnabled.value, c_defaultIsEnabled.value]
    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks


## Set functions
def nvmlUnitSetLedState(unit, color):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlUnitSetLedState")
    ret = fn(unit, _nvmlLedColor_t(color))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetPersistenceMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetPersistenceMode")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetComputeMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetComputeMode")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlComputeMode_t(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetEccMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetEccMode")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceClearEccErrorCounts(handle, counterType):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearEccErrorCounts")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEccCounterType_t(counterType))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetDriverModel(handle, model):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDriverModel")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlDriverModel_t(model))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle, enabled):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(enabled))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None
    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks


def nvmlDeviceSetDefaultAutoBoostedClocksEnabled(handle, enabled, flags):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDefaultAutoBoostedClocksEnabled")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(enabled), c_uint(flags))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None
    # Throws NVML_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED if hardware doesn't support setting auto boosted clocks


def nvmlDeviceSetGpuLockedClocks(handle, minGpuClockMHz, maxGpuClockMHz):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpuLockedClocks")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(minGpuClockMHz), c_uint(maxGpuClockMHz))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceResetGpuLockedClocks(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetGpuLockedClocks")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetMemoryLockedClocks(handle, minMemClockMHz, maxMemClockMHz):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetMemoryLockedClocks")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(minMemClockMHz), c_uint(maxMemClockMHz))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceResetMemoryLockedClocks(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetMemoryLockedClocks")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetClkMonStatus(handle, c_clkMonInfo=nvmlClkMonStatus_t()):
    isReference = type(c_clkMonInfo) is not nvmlClkMonStatus_t
    c_clkMonInfoRef = c_clkMonInfo if isReference else byref(c_clkMonInfo)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClkMonStatus")
    ret = fn(handle, c_clkMonInfoRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else c_clkMonInfo


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceSetApplicationsClocks(handle, maxMemClockMHz, maxGraphicsClockMHz):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetApplicationsClocks")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(maxMemClockMHz), c_uint(maxGraphicsClockMHz))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceResetApplicationsClocks(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetApplicationsClocks")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit(handle, limit):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(limit))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceSetGpuOperationMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpuOperationMode")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlGpuOperationMode_t(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlEventSetCreate():
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetCreate")
    eventSet = c_nvmlEventSet_t()
    ret = fn(byref(eventSet))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return eventSet


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlDeviceRegisterEvents(handle, eventTypes, eventSet):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceRegisterEvents")
    ret = fn(handle, c_ulonglong(eventTypes), eventSet)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedEventTypes(handle):
    c_eventTypes = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedEventTypes")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_eventTypes))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_eventTypes.value


# raises NVML_ERROR_TIMEOUT exception on timeout
def nvmlEventSetWait_v2(eventSet, timeoutms):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetWait_v2")
    data = c_nvmlEventData_t()
    ret = fn(eventSet, byref(data), c_uint(timeoutms))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return data


def nvmlEventSetWait(eventSet, timeoutms):
    return nvmlEventSetWait_v2(eventSet, timeoutms)


# Added in 2.285
def nvmlEventSetFree(eventSet):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlEventSetFree")
    ret = fn(eventSet)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Added in 3.295
def nvmlDeviceOnSameBoard(handle1, handle2):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceOnSameBoard")
    onSameBoard = c_int()
    ret = fn(handle1, handle2, byref(onSameBoard))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return onSameBoard.value != 0


# Added in 3.295
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkGeneration(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkGeneration")
    gen = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(gen))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gen.value


# Added in 3.295
def nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkGeneration(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkGeneration")
    gen = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(gen))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gen.value


# Added in 3.295
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkWidth(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrPcieLinkWidth")
    width = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(width))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return width.value


# Added in 3.295
def nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkWidth(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxPcieLinkWidth")
    width = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(width))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return width.value


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuMaxPcieLinkGeneration(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuMaxPcieLinkGeneration")
    gen = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(gen))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gen.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksThrottleReasons(handle):
    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksThrottleReasons")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_reasons.value


def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksEventReasons(handle):
    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedClocksEventReasons")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_reasons.value


# Added in 4.304
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksThrottleReasons(handle):
    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksThrottleReasons")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_reasons.value


def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksEventReasons(handle):
    c_reasons = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCurrentClocksEventReasons")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_reasons))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_reasons.value


# Added in 5.319
def nvmlDeviceGetIndex(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetIndex")
    c_index = c_uint()
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_index))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_index.value


# Added in 5.319
def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingMode(handle):
    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceSetAccountingMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAccountingMode")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlEnableState_t(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceClearAccountingPids(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearAccountingPids")
    ret = fn(handle)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingStats(handle, pid):
    stats = c_nvmlAccountingStats_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingStats")
    ret = fn(handle, c_uint(pid), byref(stats))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    if stats.maxMemoryUsage == NVML_VALUE_NOT_AVAILABLE_ulonglong.value:
        # special case for WDDM on Windows, see comment above
        stats.maxMemoryUsage = None
    return stats


def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingPids(handle):
    count = c_uint(nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize(handle))
    pids = (c_uint * count.value)()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingPids")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(count), pids)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return list(map(int, pids[0 : count.value]))


def nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize(handle):
    bufferSize = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAccountingBufferSize")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(bufferSize))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return int(bufferSize.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages(device, sourceFilter):
    c_source = _nvmlPageRetirementCause_t(sourceFilter)
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages")

    # First call will get the size
    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), None)

    # this should only fail with insufficient size
    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
        raise NVMLError(ret)

    # call again with a buffer
    # oversize the array for the rare cases where additional pages
    # are retired between NVML calls
    c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
    page_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
    c_pages = page_array()
    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), c_pages)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return list(map(int, c_pages[0 : c_count.value]))


def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages_v2(device, sourceFilter):
    c_source = _nvmlPageRetirementCause_t(sourceFilter)
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPages_v2")

    # First call will get the size
    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), None)

    # this should only fail with insufficient size
    if (ret != NVML_SUCCESS) and (ret != NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE):
        raise NVMLError(ret)

    # call again with a buffer
    # oversize the array for the rare cases where additional pages
    # are retired between NVML calls
    c_count.value = c_count.value * 2 + 5
    page_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
    c_pages = page_array()
    times_array = c_ulonglong * c_count.value
    c_times = times_array()
    ret = fn(device, c_source, byref(c_count), c_pages, c_times)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [
        {"address": int(c_pages[i]), "timestamp": int(c_times[i])}
        for i in range(c_count.value)
    ]


def nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPagesPendingStatus(device):
    c_pending = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRetiredPagesPendingStatus")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_pending))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return int(c_pending.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetAPIRestriction(device, apiType):
    c_permission = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAPIRestriction")
    ret = fn(device, _nvmlRestrictedAPI_t(apiType), byref(c_permission))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return int(c_permission.value)


def nvmlDeviceSetAPIRestriction(handle, apiType, isRestricted):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetAPIRestriction")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlRestrictedAPI_t(apiType), _nvmlEnableState_t(isRestricted))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetBridgeChipInfo(handle):
    bridgeHierarchy = c_nvmlBridgeChipHierarchy_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBridgeChipInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(bridgeHierarchy))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return bridgeHierarchy


def nvmlDeviceGetSamples(device, sampling_type, timeStamp):
    c_sampling_type = _nvmlSamplingType_t(sampling_type)
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
    c_sample_count = c_uint(0)
    c_sample_value_type = _nvmlValueType_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSamples")

    ## First Call gets the size
    ret = fn(
        device,
        c_sampling_type,
        c_time_stamp,
        byref(c_sample_value_type),
        byref(c_sample_count),
        None,
    )

    # Stop if this fails
    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
        raise NVMLError(ret)

    sampleArray = c_sample_count.value * c_nvmlSample_t
    c_samples = sampleArray()
    ret = fn(
        device,
        c_sampling_type,
        c_time_stamp,
        byref(c_sample_value_type),
        byref(c_sample_count),
        c_samples,
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_sample_value_type.value, c_samples[0 : c_sample_count.value])


def nvmlDeviceGetViolationStatus(device, perfPolicyType):
    c_perfPolicy_type = _nvmlPerfPolicyType_t(perfPolicyType)
    c_violTime = c_nvmlViolationTime_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetViolationStatus")

    ## Invoke the method to get violation time
    ret = fn(device, c_perfPolicy_type, byref(c_violTime))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_violTime


def nvmlDeviceGetPcieThroughput(device, counter):
    c_util = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieThroughput")
    ret = fn(device, _nvmlPcieUtilCounter_t(counter), byref(c_util))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_util.value


def nvmlSystemGetTopologyGpuSet(cpuNumber):
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetTopologyGpuSet")

    # First call will get the size
    ret = fn(cpuNumber, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    # call again with a buffer
    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
    c_devices = device_array()
    ret = fn(cpuNumber, byref(c_count), c_devices)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return list(c_devices[0 : c_count.value])


def nvmlDeviceGetTopologyNearestGpus(device, level):
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTopologyNearestGpus")

    # First call will get the size
    ret = fn(device, level, byref(c_count), None)

    if ret != NVML_SUCCESS:
        raise NVMLError(ret)

    # call again with a buffer
    device_array = c_nvmlDevice_t * c_count.value
    c_devices = device_array()
    ret = fn(device, level, byref(c_count), c_devices)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return list(c_devices[0 : c_count.value])


def nvmlDeviceGetTopologyCommonAncestor(device1, device2):
    c_level = _nvmlGpuTopologyLevel_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetTopologyCommonAncestor")
    ret = fn(device1, device2, byref(c_level))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_level.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter):
    c_rxcounter = c_ulonglong()
    c_txcounter = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_rxcounter), byref(c_txcounter))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_rxcounter.value, c_txcounter.value)


def nvmlDeviceFreezeNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter, freeze):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceFreezeNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter, freeze)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkUtilizationCounter(device, link, counter):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkUtilizationCounter")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkUtilizationControl(device, link, counter, control, reset):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkUtilizationControl")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(control), reset)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationControl(device, link, counter):
    c_control = nvmlNvLinkUtilizationControl_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkUtilizationControl")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_control))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_control


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkCapability(device, link, capability):
    c_capResult = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkCapability")
    ret = fn(device, link, capability, byref(c_capResult))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_capResult.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkErrorCounter(device, link, counter):
    c_result = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkErrorCounter")
    ret = fn(device, link, counter, byref(c_result))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_result.value


def nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkErrorCounters(device, link):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceResetNvLinkErrorCounters")
    ret = fn(device, link)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemotePciInfo(device, link):
    c_pci = nvmlPciInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemotePciInfo_v2")
    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_pci))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_pci


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemoteDeviceType(handle, link):
    c_type = _nvmlNvLinkDeviceType_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkRemoteDeviceType")
    ret = fn(handle, link, byref(c_type))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_type.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkState(device, link):
    c_isActive = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkState")
    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_isActive))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_isActive.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkVersion(device, link):
    c_version = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvLinkVersion")
    ret = fn(device, link, byref(c_version))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_version.value


def nvmlDeviceModifyDrainState(pciInfo, newState):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceModifyDrainState")
    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo), newState)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceQueryDrainState(pciInfo):
    c_newState = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceQueryDrainState")
    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo), byref(c_newState))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_newState.value


def nvmlDeviceRemoveGpu(pciInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceRemoveGpu")
    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceDiscoverGpus(pciInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceDiscoverGpus")
    ret = fn(pointer(pciInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


def nvmlDeviceGetFieldValues(handle, fieldIds):
    values_arr = c_nvmlFieldValue_t * len(fieldIds)
    values = values_arr()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFieldValues")

    for i, fieldId in enumerate(fieldIds):
        try:
            (values[i].fieldId, values[i].scopeId) = fieldId
        except TypeError:
            values[i].fieldId = fieldId

    ret = fn(handle, c_int32(len(fieldIds)), byref(values))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return values


def nvmlDeviceClearFieldValues(handle, fieldIds):
    values_arr = c_nvmlFieldValue_t * len(fieldIds)
    values = values_arr()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceClearFieldValues")

    for i, fieldId in enumerate(fieldIds):
        try:
            (values[i].fieldId, values[i].scopeId) = fieldId
        except TypeError:
            values[i].fieldId = fieldId

    ret = fn(handle, c_int32(len(fieldIds)), byref(values))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return values


def nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode(handle):
    c_virtualization_mode = c_ulonglong()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVirtualizationMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_virtualization_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_virtualization_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode(handle, virtualization_mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetVirtualizationMode")
    return fn(handle, virtualization_mode)


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuHeterogeneousMode(handle):
    c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode = c_nvmlVgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1_t(0)
    c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode.version = VgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuHeterogeneousMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode.mode


def nvmlDeviceSetVgpuHeterogeneousMode(handle, heterogeneous_mode):
    c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode = c_nvmlVgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1_t(0)
    c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode.version = VgpuHeterogeneousMode_v1
    c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode.mode = heterogeneous_mode
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetVgpuHeterogeneousMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuHeterogeneousMode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetPlacementId(vgpuInstance):
    c_placement = c_nvmlVgpuPlacementId_v1_t(0)
    c_placement.version = VgpuPlacementId_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetPlacementId")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_placement))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_placement.placementId


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuTypeSupportedPlacements(handle, vgpuTypeId, mode=0, version=1):
    c_max_instances = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances")
    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    if version == 2:
        c_vgpu_placements = c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v2_t()
        c_vgpu_placements.version = VgpuPlacementList_v2
        c_vgpu_placements.count = c_max_instances.value
        c_vgpu_placements.mode = mode
    elif version == 1:
        c_vgpu_placements = c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v1_t()
        c_vgpu_placements.version = VgpuPlacementList_v1
    else:
        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_ARGUMENT_VERSION_MISMATCH)

    c_placements = c_uint * c_max_instances.value
    c_vgpu_placements.placementIds = c_placements()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuTypeSupportedPlacements")
    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_vgpu_placements))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_placements


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuTypeCreatablePlacements(handle, vgpuTypeId, version=1):
    c_max_instances = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances")
    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    if version == 2:
        c_vgpu_placements = c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v2_t()
        c_vgpu_placements.version = VgpuPlacementList_v2
        c_vgpu_placements.count = c_max_instances.value
    elif version == 1:
        c_vgpu_placements = c_nvmlVgpuPlacementList_v1_t()
        c_vgpu_placements.version = VgpuPlacementList_v1

    c_placements = c_uint * c_max_instances.value
    c_vgpu_placements.placementIds = c_placements()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuTypeCreatablePlacements")
    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_vgpu_placements))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_placements


def nvmlGetVgpuDriverCapabilities(capability):
    c_capResult = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetVgpuDriverCapabilities")
    ret = fn(_nvmlVgpuDriverCapability_t(capability), byref(c_capResult))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_capResult.value


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuCapabilities(handle, capability):
    c_capResult = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuCapabilities")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlDeviceVgpuCapability_t(capability), byref(c_capResult))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_capResult.value


def nvmlDeviceSetVgpuCapabilities(handle, capability, state):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetVgpuCapabilities")
    ret = fn(handle, _nvmlDeviceVgpuCapability_t(capability), state)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedVgpus(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedVgpus")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no supported vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        vgpu_type_ids_array = _nvmlVgpuTypeId_t * c_vgpu_count.value
        c_vgpu_type_ids = vgpu_type_ids_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_type_ids)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        vgpus = []
        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_type_ids[i])
        return vgpus
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetCreatableVgpus(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCreatableVgpus")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no supported vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        vgpu_type_ids_array = _nvmlVgpuTypeId_t * c_vgpu_count.value
        c_vgpu_type_ids = vgpu_type_ids_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_type_ids)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        vgpus = []
        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_type_ids[i])
        return vgpus
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetGpuInstanceProfileId(vgpuTypeId):
    c_profile_id = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetGpuInstanceProfileId")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_profile_id))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_profile_id.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuTypeGetClass(vgpuTypeId):
    c_class = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetClass")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_class, byref(c_buffer_size))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_class.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuTypeGetName(vgpuTypeId):
    c_name = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_NAME_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetName")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_name, byref(c_buffer_size))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_name.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetDeviceID(vgpuTypeId):
    c_device_id = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_subsystem_id = c_ulonglong(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetDeviceID")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_device_id), byref(c_subsystem_id))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_device_id.value, c_subsystem_id.value)


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetFramebufferSize(vgpuTypeId):
    c_fb_size = c_ulonglong(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetFramebufferSize")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_fb_size))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fb_size.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetNumDisplayHeads(vgpuTypeId):
    c_num_heads = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetNumDisplayHeads")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_num_heads))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_num_heads.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetResolution(vgpuTypeId):
    c_xdim = c_uint(0)
    c_ydim = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetResolution")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, 0, byref(c_xdim), byref(c_ydim))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_xdim.value, c_ydim.value)


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuTypeGetLicense(vgpuTypeId):
    c_license = create_string_buffer(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetLicense")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, c_license, c_buffer_size)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_license.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetFrameRateLimit(vgpuTypeId):
    c_frl_config = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetFrameRateLimit")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_frl_config))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_frl_config.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetGspHeapSize(vgpuTypeId):
    c_gsp_heap = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetGspHeapSize")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_gsp_heap))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_gsp_heap.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetFbReservation(vgpuTypeId):
    c_fb_reservation = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetFbReservation")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_fb_reservation))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fb_reservation.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetRuntimeStateSize(vgpuInstance):
    c_runtime_state = nvmlVgpuRuntimeState_v1_t()
    c_runtime_state.version = VgpuRuntimeState_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetRuntimeStateSize")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_runtime_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_runtime_state


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances(handle, vgpuTypeId):
    c_max_instances = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstances")
    ret = fn(handle, vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_max_instances.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstancesPerVm(vgpuTypeId):
    c_max_instances_per_vm = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetMaxInstancesPerVm")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_max_instances_per_vm))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_max_instances_per_vm.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetBAR1Info(vgpuTypeId):
    c_bar1Info = c_nvmlVgpuTypeBar1Info_v1_t(0)
    c_bar1Info.version = VgpuTypeBar1Info_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetBAR1Info")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, byref(c_bar1Info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_bar1Info


def nvmlDeviceGetActiveVgpus(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetActiveVgpus")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no active vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        vgpu_instance_array = _nvmlVgpuInstance_t * c_vgpu_count.value
        c_vgpu_instances = vgpu_instance_array()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_vgpu_instances)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
        vgpus = []
        for i in range(c_vgpu_count.value):
            vgpus.append(c_vgpu_instances[i])
        return vgpus
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmID(vgpuInstance):
    c_vm_id = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_GRID_LICENSE_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_vm_id_type = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmID")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vm_id), c_buffer_size, byref(c_vm_id_type))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_vm_id.value, c_vm_id_type.value)


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetUUID(vgpuInstance):
    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetUUID")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_uuid), c_buffer_size)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_uuid.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMdevUUID(vgpuInstance):
    c_uuid = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMdevUUID")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_uuid), c_buffer_size)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_uuid.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmDriverVersion(vgpuInstance):
    c_driver_version = create_string_buffer(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    c_buffer_size = c_uint(NVML_SYSTEM_DRIVER_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetVmDriverVersion")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_driver_version), c_buffer_size)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_driver_version.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseStatus(vgpuInstance):
    c_license_status = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseStatus")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_license_status))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_license_status.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2(vgpuInstance):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2")
    c_license_info = c_nvmlVgpuLicenseInfo_t()
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_license_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_license_info


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo(vgpuInstance):
    return nvmlVgpuInstanceGetLicenseInfo_v2(vgpuInstance)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFrameRateLimit(vgpuInstance):
    c_frl = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFrameRateLimit")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_frl))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_frl.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEccMode(vgpuInstance):
    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEccMode")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetType(vgpuInstance):
    c_vgpu_type = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetType")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpu_type))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_type.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderCapacity(vgpuInstance):
    c_encoder_capacity = c_ulonglong(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderCapacity")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_encoder_capacity))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_encoder_capacity.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceSetEncoderCapacity(vgpuInstance, encoder_capacity):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceSetEncoderCapacity")
    return fn(vgpuInstance, encoder_capacity)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFbUsage(vgpuInstance):
    c_fb_usage = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFbUsage")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_fb_usage))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fb_usage.value


def nvmlVgpuTypeGetCapabilities(vgpuTypeId, capability):
    c_cap_result = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuTypeGetCapabilities")
    ret = fn(vgpuTypeId, _nvmlVgpuCapability_t(capability), byref(c_cap_result))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_cap_result.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuInstanceId(vgpuInstance):
    c_id = c_uint(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuInstanceId")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_id))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_id.value


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuPciId(vgpuInstance):
    c_vgpuPciId = create_string_buffer(NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetGpuPciId")
    ret = fn(
        vgpuInstance, c_vgpuPciId, byref(c_uint(NVML_DEVICE_PCI_BUS_ID_BUFFER_SIZE))
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpuPciId.value


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
    c_sample_value_type = _nvmlValueType_t()

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuUtilization")
    ret = fn(
        handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_sample_value_type), byref(c_vgpu_count), None
    )

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no active vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = c_vgpu_count.value * c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationSample_t
        c_samples = sampleArray()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(
            handle,
            c_time_stamp,
            byref(c_sample_value_type),
            byref(c_vgpu_count),
            c_samples,
        )
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpu_count.value]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
    c_vgpuUtilInfo = c_nvmlVgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(0)
    c_vgpuUtilInfo.version = VgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo_v1
    c_vgpuUtilInfo.sampleValType = _nvmlValueType_t()
    c_vgpuUtilInfo.vgpuInstanceCount = c_uint(0)
    c_vgpuUtilInfo.lastSeenTimeStamp = c_time_stamp

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuInstancesUtilizationInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuUtilInfo))

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no active vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = (
            c_vgpuUtilInfo.vgpuInstanceCount * c_nvmlVgpuInstanceUtilizationInfo_v1_t
        )
        c_samples = sampleArray()
        c_vgpuUtilInfo.vgpuUtilArray = c_samples

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuUtilInfo))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpuUtilInfo.vgpuInstanceCount]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetP2PStatus(device1, device2, p2pIndex):
    c_p2pstatus = _nvmlGpuP2PStatus_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetP2PStatus")
    ret = fn(device1, device2, p2pIndex, byref(c_p2pstatus))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_p2pstatus.value


def nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4(handle):
    c_get_grid_licensable_features = c_nvmlGridLicensableFeatures_v4_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_get_grid_licensable_features))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    return c_get_grid_licensable_features


def nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetGridLicensableFeatures_v4(handle)


def nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareVersion(handle, version=None):
    isUserDefined = version is not None
    if not isUserDefined:
        version = (c_char * NVML_GSP_FIRMWARE_VERSION_BUF_SIZE)()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareVersion")
    ret = fn(handle, version)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isUserDefined else version.value


def nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareMode(handle, isEnabled=c_uint(), defaultMode=c_uint()):
    isReference = type(isEnabled) is not c_uint
    isEnabledRef = isEnabled if isReference else byref(isEnabled)
    defaultModeRef = defaultMode if isReference else byref(defaultMode)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGspFirmwareMode")
    ret = fn(handle, isEnabledRef, defaultModeRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else [isEnabled.value, defaultMode.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderCapacity(handle, encoderQueryType):
    c_encoder_capacity = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_encoderQuery_type = _nvmlEncoderQueryType_t(encoderQueryType)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderCapacity")
    ret = fn(handle, c_encoderQuery_type, byref(c_encoder_capacity))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_encoder_capacity.value


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_vgpu_count = c_uint(0)
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_vgpu_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no active vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = c_vgpu_count.value * c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationSample_t
        c_samples = sampleArray()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, c_time_stamp, byref(c_vgpu_count), c_samples)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpu_count.value]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
    c_vgpuProcUtilInfo = c_nvmlVgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(0)
    c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.version = VgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1
    c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.vgpuProcessCount = c_uint(0)
    c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.lastSeenTimeStamp = c_time_stamp

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuProcessesUtilizationInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuProcUtilInfo))

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        # special case, no active vGPUs
        return []
    elif ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = (
            c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.vgpuProcessCount * c_nvmlVgpuProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t
        )
        c_samples = sampleArray()
        c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.vgpuProcUtilArray = c_samples

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuProcUtilInfo))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_vgpuProcUtilInfo.vgpuProcessCount]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderStats(handle):
    c_encoderCount = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_encodeFps = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_encoderLatency = c_ulonglong(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderStats")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_encoderCount), byref(c_encodeFps), byref(c_encoderLatency))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_encoderCount.value, c_encodeFps.value, c_encoderLatency.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetEncoderSessions(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_session_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetEncoderSessions")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        if c_session_count.value != 0:
            # typical case
            session_array = c_nvmlEncoderSession_t * c_session_count.value
            c_sessions = session_array()

            # make the call again
            ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
            sessions = []
            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
            return sessions
        else:
            return []  # no active sessions
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetFBCStats(handle):
    c_fbcStats = c_nvmlFBCStats_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFBCStats")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_fbcStats))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fbcStats


def nvmlDeviceGetFBCSessions(handle):
    # first call to get the size
    c_session_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetFBCSessions")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        if c_session_count.value != 0:
            # typical case
            session_array = c_nvmlFBCSession_t * c_session_count.value
            c_sessions = session_array()

            # make the call again
            ret = fn(handle, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
            sessions = []
            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
            return sessions
        else:
            return []  # no active sessions
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderStats(vgpuInstance):
    c_encoderCount = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_encodeFps = c_ulonglong(0)
    c_encoderLatency = c_ulonglong(0)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderStats")
    ret = fn(
        vgpuInstance, byref(c_encoderCount), byref(c_encodeFps), byref(c_encoderLatency)
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_encoderCount.value, c_encodeFps.value, c_encoderLatency.value)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderSessions(vgpuInstance):
    # first call to get the size
    c_session_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetEncoderSessions")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        if c_session_count.value != 0:
            # typical case
            session_array = c_nvmlEncoderSession_t * c_session_count.value
            c_sessions = session_array()

            # make the call again
            ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
            sessions = []
            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
            return sessions
        else:
            return []  # no active sessions
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCStats(vgpuInstance):
    c_fbcStats = c_nvmlFBCStats_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCStats")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_fbcStats))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_fbcStats


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCSessions(vgpuInstance):
    # first call to get the size
    c_session_count = c_uint(0)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetFBCSessions")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), None)

    if ret == NVML_SUCCESS:
        if c_session_count.value != 0:
            # typical case
            session_array = c_nvmlFBCSession_t * c_session_count.value
            c_sessions = session_array()

            # make the call again
            ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_session_count), c_sessions)
            _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
            sessions = []
            for i in range(c_session_count.value):
                sessions.append(c_sessions[i])
            return sessions
        else:
            return []  # no active sessions
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetProcessUtilization(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_count = c_uint(0)
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetProcessUtilization")
    ret = fn(handle, None, byref(c_count), c_time_stamp)

    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = c_count.value * c_nvmlProcessUtilizationSample_t
        c_samples = sampleArray()

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, c_samples, byref(c_count), c_time_stamp)
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_count.value]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlDeviceGetProcessesUtilizationInfo(handle, timeStamp):
    # first call to get the size
    c_time_stamp = c_ulonglong(timeStamp)
    c_processesUtilInfo = c_nvmlProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1_t(0)
    c_processesUtilInfo.version = ProcessesUtilizationInfo_v1
    c_processesUtilInfo.processSamplesCount = c_uint(0)
    c_processesUtilInfo.lastSeenTimeStamp = c_time_stamp

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetProcessesUtilizationInfo")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_processesUtilInfo))

    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        # typical case
        sampleArray = (
            c_processesUtilInfo.processSamplesCount * c_nvmlProcessUtilizationInfo_v1_t
        )
        c_samples = sampleArray()
        c_processesUtilInfo.procUtilArray = c_samples

        # make the call again
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_processesUtilInfo))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

        return c_samples[0 : c_processesUtilInfo.processSamplesCount]
    else:
        # error case
        raise NVMLError(ret)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMetadata(vgpuInstance):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetMetadata")
    c_vgpuMetadata = c_nvmlVgpuMetadata_t()
    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_vgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    else:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    return c_vgpuMetadata


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuMetadata(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuMetadata")
    c_vgpuPgpuMetadata = c_nvmlVgpuPgpuMetadata_t()
    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuPgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpuPgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    else:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    return c_vgpuPgpuMetadata


def nvmlGetVgpuCompatibility(vgpuMetadata, pgpuMetadata):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetVgpuCompatibility")
    c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility = c_nvmlVgpuPgpuCompatibility_t()
    ret = fn(byref(vgpuMetadata), byref(pgpuMetadata), byref(c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpuPgpuCompatibility


@convertStrBytes
def nvmlDeviceGetPgpuMetadataString(handle):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPgpuMetadataString")
    c_pgpuMetadata = create_string_buffer(NVML_VGPU_PGPU_METADATA_OPAQUE_DATA_SIZE)
    c_bufferSize = c_uint(0)
    # Make the first NVML API call to get the c_bufferSize value.
    # We have already allocated required buffer above.
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        ret = fn(handle, byref(c_pgpuMetadata), byref(c_bufferSize))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    else:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    return (c_pgpuMetadata.value, c_bufferSize.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerLog(handle):
    c_vgpu_sched_log = c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerLog_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerLog")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_sched_log))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_sched_log


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerState(handle):
    c_vgpu_sched_state = c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerGetState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerState")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_sched_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_sched_state


def nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerCapabilities(handle):
    c_vgpu_sched_caps = c_nvmlVgpuSchedulerCapabilities_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetVgpuSchedulerCapabilities")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_vgpu_sched_caps))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vgpu_sched_caps


def nvmlDeviceSetVgpuSchedulerState(handle, sched_state):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetVgpuSchedulerState")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(sched_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlSetVgpuVersion(vgpuVersion):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSetVgpuVersion")
    ret = fn(byref(vgpuVersion))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGetVgpuVersion(supported=None, current=None):
    isUserDefined = (supported is not None) or (current is not None)
    if not isUserDefined:
        supported = c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t()
        current = c_nvmlVgpuVersion_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetVgpuVersion")
    ret = fn(byref(supported), byref(current))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (
        NVML_SUCCESS
        if isUserDefined
        else [
            (supported.minVersion, supported.maxVersion),
            (current.minVersion, current.maxVersion),
        ]
    )


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingMode(vgpuInstance):
    c_mode = _nvmlEnableState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingMode")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_mode.value


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingPids(vgpuInstance):
    c_pidCount = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingPids")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_pidCount), None)
    if ret == NVML_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE:
        sampleArray = c_pidCount.value * c_uint
        c_pidArray = sampleArray()
        ret = fn(vgpuInstance, byref(c_pidCount), byref(c_pidArray))
        _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    else:
        raise NVMLError(ret)
    return (c_pidCount, c_pidArray)


def nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingStats(vgpuInstance, pid):
    c_accountingStats = c_nvmlAccountingStats_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceGetAccountingStats")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance, pid, byref(c_accountingStats))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_accountingStats


def nvmlVgpuInstanceClearAccountingPids(vgpuInstance):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlVgpuInstanceClearAccountingPids")
    ret = fn(vgpuInstance)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGetExcludedDeviceCount():
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetExcludedDeviceCount")
    ret = fn(byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlGetExcludedDeviceInfoByIndex(index):
    c_index = c_uint(index)
    info = c_nvmlExcludedDeviceInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGetExcludedDeviceInfoByIndex")
    ret = fn(c_index, byref(info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return info


def nvmlDeviceGetHostVgpuMode(handle):
    c_host_vgpu_mode = _nvmlHostVgpuMode_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetHostVgpuMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_host_vgpu_mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_host_vgpu_mode.value


def nvmlDeviceSetMigMode(device, mode):
    c_activationStatus = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetMigMode")
    ret = fn(device, mode, byref(c_activationStatus))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_activationStatus.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMigMode(device):
    c_currentMode = c_uint()
    c_pendingMode = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMigMode")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_currentMode), byref(c_pendingMode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_currentMode.value, c_pendingMode.value]


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo(device, profile, version=2):
    if version == 2:
        c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t()
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfoV")
    elif version == 1:
        c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceProfileInfo_t()
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo")
    else:
        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
    ret = fn(device, profile, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


# Define function alias for the API exposed by NVML
nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfoV = nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceProfileInfo


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceRemainingCapacity(device, profileId):
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceRemainingCapacity")
    ret = fn(device, profileId, byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstancePossiblePlacements(
    device, profileId, placementsRef, countRef
):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstancePossiblePlacements_v2")
    ret = fn(device, profileId, placementsRef, countRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstance(device, profileId):
    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstance")
    ret = fn(device, profileId, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstanceWithPlacement(device, profileId, placement):
    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceCreateGpuInstanceWithPlacement")
    ret = fn(device, profileId, placement, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlGpuInstanceDestroy(gpuInstance):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceDestroy")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstances(device, profileId, gpuInstancesRef, countRef):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstances")
    ret = fn(device, profileId, gpuInstancesRef, countRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceById(device, gpuInstanceId):
    c_instance = c_nvmlGpuInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceById")
    ret = fn(device, gpuInstanceId, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetInfo(gpuInstance):
    c_info = c_nvmlGpuInstanceInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetInfo")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo(
    device, profile, engProfile, version=2
):
    if version == 2:
        c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_v2_t()
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfoV")
    elif version == 1:
        c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceProfileInfo_t()
        fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo")
    else:
        raise NVMLError(NVML_ERROR_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND)
    ret = fn(device, profile, engProfile, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


# Define function alias for the API exposed by NVML
nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfoV = (
    nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceProfileInfo
)


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceRemainingCapacity(gpuInstance, profileId):
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceRemainingCapacity")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstancePossiblePlacements(
    gpuInstance, profileId, placementsRef, countRef
):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstancePossiblePlacements")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, placementsRef, countRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstance(gpuInstance, profileId):
    c_instance = c_nvmlComputeInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstance")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstanceWithPlacement(
    gpuInstance, profileId, placement
):
    c_instance = c_nvmlComputeInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceCreateComputeInstanceWithPlacement")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, placement, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlComputeInstanceDestroy(computeInstance):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlComputeInstanceDestroy")
    ret = fn(computeInstance)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstances(
    gpuInstance, profileId, computeInstancesRef, countRef
):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstances")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, profileId, computeInstancesRef, countRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceById(gpuInstance, computeInstanceId):
    c_instance = c_nvmlComputeInstance_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpuInstanceGetComputeInstanceById")
    ret = fn(gpuInstance, computeInstanceId, byref(c_instance))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_instance


def nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2(computeInstance):
    c_info = c_nvmlComputeInstanceInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2")
    ret = fn(computeInstance, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_info


def nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo(computeInstance):
    return nvmlComputeInstanceGetInfo_v2(computeInstance)


def nvmlDeviceIsMigDeviceHandle(device):
    c_isMigDevice = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceIsMigDeviceHandle")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_isMigDevice))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_isMigDevice


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceId(device):
    c_gpuInstanceId = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuInstanceId")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_gpuInstanceId))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_gpuInstanceId.value


def nvmlDeviceGetComputeInstanceId(device):
    c_computeInstanceId = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetComputeInstanceId")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_computeInstanceId))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_computeInstanceId.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMaxMigDeviceCount(device):
    c_count = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMaxMigDeviceCount")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_count))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_count.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMigDeviceHandleByIndex(device, index):
    c_index = c_uint(index)
    migDevice = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMigDeviceHandleByIndex")
    ret = fn(device, c_index, byref(migDevice))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return migDevice


def nvmlDeviceGetDeviceHandleFromMigDeviceHandle(migDevice):
    device = c_nvmlDevice_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDeviceHandleFromMigDeviceHandle")
    ret = fn(migDevice, byref(device))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return device


def nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2(device):
    c_attrs = c_nvmlDeviceAttributes()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_attrs))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_attrs


def nvmlDeviceGetAttributes(device):
    return nvmlDeviceGetAttributes_v2(device)


def nvmlDeviceGetRemappedRows(device):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRemappedRows")
    c_corr = c_uint()
    c_unc = c_uint()
    c_bpending = c_uint()
    c_bfailure = c_uint()
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_corr), byref(c_unc), byref(c_bpending), byref(c_bfailure))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return (c_corr.value, c_unc.value, c_bpending.value, c_bfailure.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetRowRemapperHistogram(device):
    c_vals = c_nvmlRowRemapperHistogramValues()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetRowRemapperHistogram")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_vals))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_vals


def nvmlDeviceGetArchitecture(device):
    arch = _nvmlDeviceArchitecture_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetArchitecture")
    ret = fn(device, byref(arch))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return arch.value


def nvmlDeviceGetBusType(device):
    c_busType = _nvmlBusType_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetBusType")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_busType))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_busType.value


def nvmlDeviceGetIrqNum(device):
    c_irqNum = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetIrqNum")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_irqNum))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_irqNum.value


def nvmlDeviceGetNumGpuCores(device):
    c_numCores = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNumGpuCores")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_numCores))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_numCores.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPowerSource(device):
    c_powerSource = _nvmlPowerSource_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPowerSource")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_powerSource))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_powerSource.value


def nvmlDeviceGetMemoryBusWidth(device):
    c_memBusWidth = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemoryBusWidth")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_memBusWidth))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_memBusWidth.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPcieLinkMaxSpeed(device):
    c_speed = _nvmlPcieLinkMaxSpeed_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieLinkMaxSpeed")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_speed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speed.value


def nvmlDeviceGetAdaptiveClockInfoStatus(device):
    c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus = _nvmlAdaptiveClockInfoStatus_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetAdaptiveClockInfoStatus")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_adaptiveClockInfoStatus.value


def nvmlDeviceGetPcieSpeed(device):
    c_speed = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPcieSpeed")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_speed))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_speed.value


def nvmlDeviceGetDynamicPstatesInfo(
    device, c_dynamicpstatesinfo=c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesInfo_t()
):
    isReference = type(c_dynamicpstatesinfo) is not c_nvmlGpuDynamicPstatesInfo_t
    dynamicpstatesinfoRef = (
        c_dynamicpstatesinfo if isReference else byref(c_dynamicpstatesinfo)
    )

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDynamicPstatesInfo")
    ret = fn(device, dynamicpstatesinfoRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else c_dynamicpstatesinfo


def nvmlDeviceSetFanSpeed_v2(handle, index, speed):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetFanSpeed_v2")
    ret = fn(handle, index, speed)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetThermalSettings(
    device, sensorindex, c_thermalsettings=c_nvmlGpuThermalSettings_t()
):
    isReference = type(c_thermalsettings) is not c_nvmlGpuThermalSettings_t
    thermalsettingsRef = c_thermalsettings if isReference else byref(c_thermalsettings)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetThermalSettings")
    ret = fn(device, sensorindex, thermalsettingsRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else c_thermalsettings.sensor[:]


def nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxClockOfPState(
    device, clockType, pstate, minClockMHz=c_uint(), maxClockMHz=c_uint()
):
    isReference = (type(minClockMHz) is not c_uint) or (type(maxClockMHz) is not c_uint)
    minClockMHzRef = minClockMHz if isReference else byref(minClockMHz)
    maxClockMHzRef = maxClockMHz if isReference else byref(maxClockMHz)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMinMaxClockOfPState")
    ret = fn(
        device,
        _nvmlClockType_t(clockType),
        _nvmlClockType_t(pstate),
        minClockMHzRef,
        maxClockMHzRef,
    )
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else (minClockMHz.value, maxClockMHz.value)


class c_nvmlClockOffset_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("type", _nvmlClockType_t),
        ("pstate", _nvmlPstates_t),
        ("clockOffsetMHz", c_int),
        ("minClockOffsetMHz", c_int),
        ("maxClockOffsetMHz", c_int),
    ]


nvmlClockOffset_v1 = 0x1000018


def nvmlDeviceGetClockOffsets(device, info):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetClockOffsets")
    ret = fn(device, info)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceSetClockOffsets(device, info):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetClockOffsets")
    ret = fn(device, info)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetSupportedPerformanceStates(device):
    pstates = []
    c_count = c_uint(NVML_MAX_GPU_PERF_PSTATES)
    c_size = sizeof(c_uint) * c_count.value

    # NOTE: use 'c_uint' to represent the size of the nvmlPstate_t enumeration.
    pstates_array = _nvmlPstates_t * c_count.value
    c_pstates = pstates_array()

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSupportedPerformanceStates")
    ret = fn(device, c_pstates, c_size)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)

    for value in c_pstates:
        if value != NVML_PSTATE_UNKNOWN:
            pstates.append(value)

    return pstates


def nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkVfOffset(device):
    offset = c_int32()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, byref(offset))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return offset.value


def nvmlDeviceSetGpcClkVfOffset(device, offset):
    c_offset = c_int32(offset)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetGpcClkVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, c_offset)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkMinMaxVfOffset(device, minOffset=c_int(), maxOffset=c_int()):
    isReference = (type(minOffset) is not c_int) or (type(maxOffset) is not c_int)
    minOffsetRef = minOffset if isReference else byref(minOffset)
    maxOffsetRef = maxOffset if isReference else byref(maxOffset)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpcClkMinMaxVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, minOffsetRef, maxOffsetRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else (minOffset.value, maxOffset.value)


def nvmlDeviceGetMemClkVfOffset(device):
    offset = c_int32()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemClkVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, byref(offset))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return offset.value


def nvmlDeviceSetMemClkVfOffset(device, offset):
    c_offset = c_int32(offset)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetMemClkVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, c_offset)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetMemClkMinMaxVfOffset(device, minOffset=c_int(), maxOffset=c_int()):
    isReference = (type(minOffset) is not c_int) or (type(maxOffset) is not c_int)
    minOffsetRef = minOffset if isReference else byref(minOffset)
    maxOffsetRef = maxOffset if isReference else byref(maxOffset)

    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetMemClkMinMaxVfOffset")
    ret = fn(device, minOffsetRef, maxOffsetRef)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS if isReference else (minOffset.value, maxOffset.value)


def nvmlSystemSetConfComputeGpusReadyState(state):
    c_state = c_uint(state)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemSetConfComputeGpusReadyState")
    ret = fn(c_state)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlSystemGetConfComputeGpusReadyState():
    c_state = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetConfComputeGpusReadyState")
    ret = fn(byref(c_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_state.value


def nvmlSystemGetConfComputeCapabilities():
    c_ccSysCaps = c_nvmlConfComputeSystemCaps_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetConfComputeCapabilities")
    ret = fn(byref(c_ccSysCaps))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_ccSysCaps


def nvmlSystemGetConfComputeState():
    c_state = c_nvmlConfComputeSystemState_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetConfComputeState")
    ret = fn(byref(c_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_state


def nvmlSystemGetConfComputeSettings(settings):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetConfComputeSettings")
    return fn(settings)


def nvmlDeviceSetConfComputeUnprotectedMemSize(device, c_ccMemSize):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetConfComputeUnprotectedMemSize")
    ret = fn(device, c_ccMemSize)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeMemSizeInfo(device):
    c_ccMemSize = c_nvmlConfComputeMemSizeInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeMemSizeInfo")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_ccMemSize))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_ccMemSize


def nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeProtectedMemoryUsage(device):
    c_memory = c_nvmlMemory_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeProtectedMemoryUsage")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_memory))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_memory


def nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeGpuCertificate(device):
    c_cert = c_nvmlConfComputeGpuCertificate_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeGpuCertificate")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_cert))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_cert


def nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeGpuAttestationReport(device, c_nonce):
    c_attestReport = c_nvmlConfComputeGpuAttestationReport_t()
    c_nonce_arr = (c_uint8 * len(c_nonce))(*(c_nonce))
    setattr(c_attestReport, "nonce", c_nonce_arr)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetConfComputeGpuAttestationReport")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_attestReport))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_attestReport


def nvmlSystemSetConfComputeKeyRotationThresholdInfo(max_atk_adv):
    c_keyRotationThrInfo = c_nvmlConfComputeSetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_t(0)
    c_keyRotationThrInfo.version = ConfComputeSetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_v1
    c_keyRotationThrInfo.maxAttackerAdvantage = max_atk_adv
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemSetConfComputeKeyRotationThresholdInfo")
    ret = fn(byref(c_keyRotationThrInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlSystemGetConfComputeKeyRotationThresholdInfo():
    c_keyRotationThrInfo = c_nvmlConfComputeGetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_t(0)
    c_keyRotationThrInfo.version = ConfComputeGetKeyRotationThresholdInfo_v1
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetConfComputeKeyRotationThresholdInfo")
    ret = fn(byref(c_keyRotationThrInfo))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_keyRotationThrInfo


## GPM ##
#########

## Enums/defines

#### GPM Metric Identifiers
NVML_GPM_METRIC_GRAPHICS_UTIL = (
    1  # Percentage of time any compute/graphics app was active on the GPU. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_SM_UTIL = 2  # Percentage of SMs that were busy. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_SM_OCCUPANCY = (
    3  # Percentage of warps that were active vs theoretical maximum. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_INTEGER_UTIL = (
    4  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing integer operations. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_ANY_TENSOR_UTIL = (
    5  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing ANY tensor operations. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_DFMA_TENSOR_UTIL = (
    6  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing DFMA tensor operations. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_HMMA_TENSOR_UTIL = (
    7  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing HMMA tensor operations. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_IMMA_TENSOR_UTIL = (
    9  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing IMMA tensor operations. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_DRAM_BW_UTIL = (
    10  # Percentage of DRAM bw used vs theoretical maximum. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_FP64_UTIL = (
    11  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing non-tensor FP64 math. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_FP32_UTIL = (
    12  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing non-tensor FP32 math. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_FP16_UTIL = (
    13  # Percentage of time the GPU's SMs were doing non-tensor FP16 math. 0.0 - 100.0
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_PCIE_TX_PER_SEC = 20  # PCIe traffic from this GPU in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_PCIE_RX_PER_SEC = 21  # PCIe traffic to this GPU in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_0_UTIL = 30  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 0. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_1_UTIL = 31  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 1. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_2_UTIL = 32  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 2. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_3_UTIL = 33  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 3. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_4_UTIL = 34  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 4. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_5_UTIL = 35  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 5. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_6_UTIL = 36  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 6. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVDEC_7_UTIL = 37  # Percent utilization of NVDEC 7. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_0_UTIL = 40  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 0. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_1_UTIL = 41  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 1. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_2_UTIL = 42  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 2. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_3_UTIL = 43  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 3. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_4_UTIL = 44  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 4. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_5_UTIL = 45  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 5. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_6_UTIL = 46  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 6. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVJPG_7_UTIL = 47  # Percent utilization of NVJPG 7. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVOFA_0_UTIL = 50  # Percent utilization of NVOFA 0. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVOFA_1_UTIL = 51  # Percent utilization of NVOFA 1. 0.0 - 100.0
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_TOTAL_RX_PER_SEC = (
    60  # NvLink read bandwidth for all links in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_TOTAL_TX_PER_SEC = (
    61  # NvLink write bandwidth for all links in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L0_RX_PER_SEC = 62  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 0 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L0_TX_PER_SEC = (
    63  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 0 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L1_RX_PER_SEC = 64  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 1 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L1_TX_PER_SEC = (
    65  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 1 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L2_RX_PER_SEC = 66  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 2 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L2_TX_PER_SEC = (
    67  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 2 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L3_RX_PER_SEC = 68  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 3 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L3_TX_PER_SEC = (
    69  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 3 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L4_RX_PER_SEC = 70  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 4 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L4_TX_PER_SEC = (
    71  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 4 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L5_RX_PER_SEC = 72  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 5 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L5_TX_PER_SEC = (
    73  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 5 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L6_RX_PER_SEC = 74  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 6 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L6_TX_PER_SEC = (
    75  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 6 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L7_RX_PER_SEC = 76  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 7 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L7_TX_PER_SEC = (
    77  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 7 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L8_RX_PER_SEC = 78  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 8 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L8_TX_PER_SEC = (
    79  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 8 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L9_RX_PER_SEC = 80  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 9 in MiB/sec
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L9_TX_PER_SEC = (
    81  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 9 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L10_RX_PER_SEC = (
    82  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 10 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L10_TX_PER_SEC = (
    83  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 10 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L11_RX_PER_SEC = (
    84  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 11 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L11_TX_PER_SEC = (
    85  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 11 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L12_RX_PER_SEC = (
    86  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 12 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L12_TX_PER_SEC = (
    87  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 12 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L13_RX_PER_SEC = (
    88  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 13 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L13_TX_PER_SEC = (
    89  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 13 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L14_RX_PER_SEC = (
    90  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 14 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L14_TX_PER_SEC = (
    91  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 14 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L15_RX_PER_SEC = (
    92  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 15 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L15_TX_PER_SEC = (
    93  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 15 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L16_RX_PER_SEC = (
    94  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 16 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L16_TX_PER_SEC = (
    95  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 16 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L17_RX_PER_SEC = (
    96  # NvLink read bandwidth for link 17 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_NVLINK_L17_TX_PER_SEC = (
    97  # NvLink write bandwidth for link 17 in MiB/sec
)
NVML_GPM_METRIC_MAX = 98

## Structs


class c_nvmlUnitInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("name", c_char * 96),
        ("id", c_char * 96),
        ("serial", c_char * 96),
        ("firmwareVersion", c_char * 96),
    ]


class struct_c_nvmlGpmSample_t(Structure):
    pass  # opaque handle


c_nvmlGpmSample_t = POINTER(struct_c_nvmlGpmSample_t)


class c_metricInfo_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("shortName", c_char_p),
        ("longName", c_char_p),
        ("unit", c_char_p),
    ]


class c_nvmlGpmMetric_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("metricId", c_uint),
        ("nvmlReturn", _nvmlReturn_t),
        ("value", c_double),
        ("metricInfo", c_metricInfo_t),
    ]


class c_nvmlGpmMetricsGet_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("numMetrics", c_uint),
        ("sample1", c_nvmlGpmSample_t),
        ("sample2", c_nvmlGpmSample_t),
        ("metrics", c_nvmlGpmMetric_t * NVML_GPM_METRIC_MAX),
    ]


NVML_GPM_METRICS_GET_VERSION = 1


class c_nvmlGpmSupport_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("isSupportedDevice", c_uint),
    ]


NVML_GPM_SUPPORT_VERSION = 1

## Functions


def nvmlGpmMetricsGet(metricsGet):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmMetricsGet")
    ret = fn(byref(metricsGet))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return metricsGet


def nvmlGpmSampleFree(gpmSample):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmSampleFree")
    ret = fn(gpmSample)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return


def nvmlGpmSampleAlloc():
    gpmSample = c_nvmlGpmSample_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmSampleAlloc")
    ret = fn(byref(gpmSample))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gpmSample


def nvmlGpmSampleGet(device, gpmSample):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmSampleGet")
    ret = fn(device, gpmSample)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gpmSample


def nvmlGpmMigSampleGet(device, gpuInstanceId, gpmSample):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmMigSampleGet")
    ret = fn(device, gpuInstanceId, gpmSample)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gpmSample


def nvmlGpmQueryDeviceSupport(device):
    gpmSupport = c_nvmlGpmSupport_t()
    gpmSupport.version = NVML_GPM_SUPPORT_VERSION
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmQueryDeviceSupport")
    ret = fn(device, byref(gpmSupport))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return gpmSupport


def nvmlGpmSetStreamingEnabled(device, state):
    c_state = c_uint(state)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmSetStreamingEnabled")
    ret = fn(device, c_state)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlGpmQueryIfStreamingEnabled(device):
    c_state = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlGpmQueryIfStreamingEnabled")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_state))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return c_state.value


# Low Power Structure and Function

NVML_NVLINK_POWER_STATE_HIGH_SPEED = 0x0
NVML_NVLINK_POWER_STATE_LOW = 0x1

NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_MIN = 0x1
NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_MAX = 0x1FFF
NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_RESET = 0xFFFFFFFF
NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_DEFAULT = NVML_NVLINK_LOW_POWER_THRESHOLD_RESET


class c_nvmlNvLinkPowerThres_t(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("lowPwrThreshold", c_uint),
    ]


def nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkDeviceLowPowerThreshold(device, l1threshold):
    c_info = c_nvmlNvLinkPowerThres_t()
    c_info.lowPwrThreshold = l1threshold
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetNvLinkDeviceLowPowerThreshold")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_info))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


NVML_GPU_FABRIC_UUID_LEN = 16

_nvmlGpuFabricState_t = c_uint
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_STATE_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_STATE_NOT_STARTED = 1
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_STATE_IN_PROGRESS = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_STATE_COMPLETED = 3


class c_nvmlGpuFabricInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("clusterUuid", c_char * NVML_DEVICE_UUID_BUFFER_SIZE),
        ("status", _nvmlReturn_t),
        ("cliqueId", c_uint32),
        ("state", _nvmlGpuFabricState_t),
    ]


NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_DEGRADED_BW_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_DEGRADED_BW_TRUE = 1
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_DEGRADED_BW_FALSE = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_SHIFT_DEGRADED_BW = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_WIDTH_DEGRADED_BW = 0x11

NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_RECOVERY_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_RECOVERY_TRUE = 1
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_RECOVERY_FALSE = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_SHIFT_ROUTE_RECOVERY = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_WIDTH_ROUTE_RECOVERY = 0x11

NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_UNHEALTHY_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_UNHEALTHY_TRUE = 1
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ROUTE_UNHEALTHY_FALSE = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_SHIFT_ROUTE_UNHEALTHY = 4
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_WIDTH_ROUTE_UNHEALTHY = 0x11

NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ACCESS_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ACCESS_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY_TRUE = 1
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_ACCESS_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY_FALSE = 2
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_SHIFT_ACCESS_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY = 6
NVML_GPU_FABRIC_HEALTH_MASK_WIDTH_ACCESS_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY = 0x11

nvmlGpuFabricInfo_v2 = 0x02000024


class c_nvmlGpuFabricInfoV_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("clusterUuid", c_char * NVML_GPU_FABRIC_UUID_LEN),
        ("status", _nvmlReturn_t),
        ("cliqueId", c_uint32),
        ("state", _nvmlGpuFabricState_t),
        ("healthMask", c_uint32),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlGpuFabricInfoV_t, self).__init__(version=nvmlGpuFabricInfo_v2)


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuFabricInfo(device, gpuFabricInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuFabricInfo")
    ret = fn(device, gpuFabricInfo)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetGpuFabricInfoV(device, gpuFabricInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetGpuFabricInfoV")
    ret = fn(device, gpuFabricInfo)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


######################
## Enums/defines
#### NVML GPU NVLINK BW MODE
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_FULL = 0x0
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_OFF = 0x1
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_MIN = 0x2
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_HALF = 0x3
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_3QUARTER = 0x4
NVML_GPU_NVLINK_BW_MODE_COUNT = 0x5


def nvmlSystemSetNvlinkBwMode(mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemSetNvlinkBwMode")
    ret = fn(mode)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlSystemGetNvlinkBwMode():
    mode = c_uint()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlSystemGetNvlinkBwMode")
    ret = fn(byref(mode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return mode.value


_nvmlPowerScopeType_t = c_uint
NVML_POWER_SCOPE_GPU = 0
NVML_POWER_SCOPE_MODULE = 1
NVML_POWER_SCOPE_MEMORY = 2


class c_nvmlPowerValue_v2_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("powerScope", _nvmlPowerScopeType_t),
        ("powerValueMw", c_uint),
    ]
    _fmt_ = {"<default>": "%d B"}


nvmlPowerValue_v2 = 0x0200000C


def nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit_v2(
    device, powerScope, powerLimit, version=nvmlPowerValue_v2
):
    c_powerScope = _nvmlPowerScopeType_t(powerScope)
    c_powerValue = c_nvmlPowerValue_v2_t()
    c_powerValue.version = c_uint(version)
    c_powerValue.powerScope = c_powerScope
    c_powerValue.powerValueMw = c_uint(powerLimit)
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetPowerManagementLimit_v2")
    ret = fn(device, byref(c_powerValue))
    return NVML_SUCCESS


class c_nvmlEccSramErrorStatus_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("aggregateUncParity", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncSecDed", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateCor", c_ulonglong),
        ("volatileUncParity", c_ulonglong),
        ("volatileUncSecDed", c_ulonglong),
        ("volatileCor", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncBucketL2", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncBucketSm", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncBucketPcie", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncBucketMcu", c_ulonglong),
        ("aggregateUncBucketOther", c_ulonglong),
        ("bThresholdExceeded", c_uint),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlEccSramErrorStatus_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlEccSramErrorStatus_v1
        )


nvmlEccSramErrorStatus_v1 = 0x1000068


def nvmlDeviceGetSramEccErrorStatus(device, status):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetSramEccErrorStatus")
    ret = fn(device, status)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


NVML_DEV_CAP_EGM = 1 << 0
nvmlDeviceCapabilities_v1 = 0x1000008


class c_nvmlDeviceCapabilities_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("capMask", c_uint),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlDeviceCapabilities_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlDeviceCapabilities_v1
        )


def nvmlDeviceGetCapabilities(device, caps):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetCapabilities")
    return fn(device, caps)


class c_nvmlPlatformInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("ibGuid", c_char * 16),
        ("rackGuid", c_char * 16),
        ("chassisPhysicalSlotNumber", c_char),
        ("computeSlotIndex", c_char),
        ("nodeIndex", c_char),
        ("peerType", c_char),
        ("moduleId", c_char),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlPlatformInfo_v1_t, self).__init__(version=nvmlPlatformInfo_v1)


nvmlPlatformInfo_v1 = 0x100002C


def nvmlDeviceGetPlatformInfo(device, platformInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetPlatformInfo")
    ret = fn(device, platformInfo)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


class c_nvmlMask255_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("mask", c_uint * 8),
    ]


NVML_WORKLOAD_POWER_MAX_PROFILES = 255
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_MAX_P = 0
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_MAX_Q = 1
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_COMPUTE = 2
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_MEMORY_BOUND = 3
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_NETWORK = 4
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_BALANCED = 5
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_LLM_INFERENCE = 6
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_LLM_TRAINING = 7
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_RBM = 8
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_DCPCIE = 9
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_HMMA_SPARSE = 10
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_HMMA_DENSE = 11
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_SYNC_BALANCED = 12
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_HPC = 13
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_MIG = 14
NVML_POWER_PROFILE_MAX = 15

nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileInfo_v1 = 0x100002C


class c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("profileId", c_uint),
        ("priority", c_uint),
        ("conflictingmask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileInfo_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileInfo_v1
        )


nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileProfilesInfo_v1 = 0x1002BF8


class c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileProfilesInfo_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("perfProfilesMask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
        (
            "perfProfile",
            c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileInfo_v1_t * NVML_WORKLOAD_POWER_MAX_PROFILES,
        ),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileProfilesInfo_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileProfilesInfo_v1
        )


nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileCurrentProfiles_v1 = 0x1000064


class c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileCurrentProfiles_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("perfProfilesMask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
        ("requestedProfilesMask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
        ("enforcedProfilesMask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileCurrentProfiles_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileCurrentProfiles_v1
        )


nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileRequestedProfiles_v1 = 0x1000024


class c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileRequestedProfiles_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("requestedProfilesMask", c_nvmlMask255_t),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileRequestedProfiles_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlWorkloadPowerProfileRequestedProfiles_v1
        )


def nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileGetProfilesInfo(device, profilesInfo):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileGetProfilesInfo")
    ret = fn(device, profilesInfo)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileGetCurrentProfiles(device, currentProfiles):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileGetCurrentProfiles")
    ret = fn(device, currentProfiles)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileSetRequestedProfiles(device, requestedProfiles):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileSetRequestedProfiles")
    ret = fn(device, requestedProfiles)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileClearRequestedProfiles(device, requestedProfiles):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceWorkloadPowerProfileClearRequestedProfiles")
    ret = fn(device, requestedProfiles)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetNvlinkSupportedBwModes(device, supportedBwModes):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvlinkSupportedBwModes")
    ret = fn(device, supportedBwModes)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceGetNvlinkBwMode(device, getBwMode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetNvlinkBwMode")
    ret = fn(device, getBwMode)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


def nvmlDeviceSetNvlinkBwMode(device, setBwMode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetNvlinkBwMode")
    ret = fn(device, setBwMode)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return NVML_SUCCESS


nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_v1 = 0x01000008


class c_nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("encryptionState", _nvmlEnableState_t),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_v1
        )


def nvmlDeviceGetDramEncryptionMode(handle):
    c_currState = c_nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_t()
    c_pendingState = c_nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_t()
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceGetDramEncryptionMode")
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_currState), byref(c_pendingState))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return [c_currState.encryptionState, c_pendingState.encryptionState]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetCurrentDramEncryptionMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetDramEncryptionMode(handle)[0]


# added to API
def nvmlDeviceGetPendingDramEncryptionMode(handle):
    return nvmlDeviceGetDramEncryptionMode(handle)[1]


def nvmlDeviceSetDramEncryptionMode(handle, mode):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDeviceSetDramEncryptionMode")
    c_dramEncryptionMode = c_nvmlDramEncryptionInfo_t()
    c_dramEncryptionMode.encryptionState = mode
    ret = fn(handle, byref(c_dramEncryptionMode))
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
    return None


# Power Smoothing defines
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_MAX_NUM_PROFILES = 5
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_ADMIN_OVERRIDE_NOT_SET = 0xFFFFFFFF
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_PARAM_PERCENT_TMP_FLOOR = 0
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_PARAM_RAMP_UP_RATE = 1
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_PARAM_RAMP_DOWN_RATE = 2
NVML_POWER_SMOOTHING_PROFILE_PARAM_RAMP_DOWN_HYSTERESIS = 3

nvmlPowerSmoothingState_v1 = 0x1000008


class c_nvmlPowerSmoothingState_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("state", c_uint),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlPowerSmoothingState_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlPowerSmoothingState_v1
        )


nvmlPowerSmoothingProfile_v1 = 0x1000018


class c_nvmlPowerSmoothingProfile_v1_t(_PrintableStructure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("version", c_uint),
        ("profileId", c_uint),
        ("paramId", c_uint),
        ("value", c_double),
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        super(c_nvmlPowerSmoothingProfile_v1_t, self).__init__(
            version=nvmlPowerSmoothingProfile_v1
        )


def nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingActivatePresetProfile(device, profile):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingActivatePresetProfile")
    ret = fn(device, profile)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)


def nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingUpdatePresetProfileParam(device, profile):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingUpdatePresetProfileParam")
    ret = fn(device, profile)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)


def nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingSetState(device, state):
    fn = _nvmlGetFunctionPointer("nvmlDevicePowerSmoothingSetState")
    ret = fn(device, state)
    _nvmlCheckReturn(ret)
