Commit 4ab6f4d7 authored by Gennadiy Civil's avatar Gennadiy Civil
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Preparation for including docs in round-trip with OSS. Manual review and merge docs internal-OSS

parent 3d9cdd58
...@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ ...@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/4o38plt0xbo1ubc8/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/GoogleTestAppVeyor/googletest/branch/master) [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/4o38plt0xbo1ubc8/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/GoogleTestAppVeyor/googletest/branch/master)
### Summer Vacation ### Summer Vacation
June 26, 2019 - July 20 2019 due to summer vacations there will be much reduced activity on Pull Requests and issues from the maintainers.
June 26, 2019 - July 20 2019 due to summer vacations there will be much reduced
activity on Pull Requests and issues from the maintainers.
### Future Plans ### Future Plans
......
## Google Mock ## # Googletest Mocking (gMock) Framework
The Google C++ mocking framework. ### Overview
### Overview ### Google's framework for writing and using C++ mock classes. It can help you
derive better designs of your system and write better tests.
Google's framework for writing and using C++ mock classes.
It can help you derive better designs of your system and write better tests.
It is inspired by: It is inspired by:
* [jMock](http://www.jmock.org/), * [jMock](http://www.jmock.org/),
* [EasyMock](http://www.easymock.org/), and * [EasyMock](http://www.easymock.org/), and
* [Hamcrest](http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/), * [Hamcrest](http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/),
and designed with C++'s specifics in mind. and designed with C++'s specifics in mind.
Google mock: gMock:
* lets you create mock classes trivially using simple macros. - provides a declarative syntax for defining mocks,
* supports a rich set of matchers and actions. - can define partial (hybrid) mocks, which are a cross of real and mock
* handles unordered, partially ordered, or completely ordered expectations. objects,
* is extensible by users. - handles functions of arbitrary types and overloaded functions,
- comes with a rich set of matchers for validating function arguments,
We hope you find it useful! - uses an intuitive syntax for controlling the behavior of a mock,
- does automatic verification of expectations (no record-and-replay needed),
### Features ### - allows arbitrary (partial) ordering constraints on function calls to be
expressed,
* Provides a declarative syntax for defining mocks. - lets a user extend it by defining new matchers and actions.
* Can easily define partial (hybrid) mocks, which are a cross of real - does not use exceptions, and
and mock objects. - is easy to learn and use.
* Handles functions of arbitrary types and overloaded functions.
* Comes with a rich set of matchers for validating function arguments. Please note that code under scripts/generator/ is from the [cppclean
* Uses an intuitive syntax for controlling the behavior of a mock. project](http://code.google.com/p/cppclean/) and under the Apache
* Does automatic verification of expectations (no record-and-replay needed). License, which is different from Google Mock's license.
* Allows arbitrary (partial) ordering constraints on
function calls to be expressed,. Google Mock is a part of
* Lets a user extend it by defining new matchers and actions. [Google Test C++ testing framework](http://github.com/google/googletest/) and a
* Does not use exceptions. subject to the same requirements.
* Is easy to learn and use.
Please see the project page above for more information as well as the
mailing list for questions, discussions, and development. There is
also an IRC channel on OFTC (irc.oftc.net) #gtest available. Please
join us!
Please note that code under [scripts/generator](scripts/generator/) is
from [cppclean](http://code.google.com/p/cppclean/) and released under
the Apache License, which is different from Google Mock's license.
## Getting Started ##
If you are new to the project, we suggest that you read the user
documentation in the following order:
* Learn the [basics](../googletest/docs/primer.md) of
Google Test, if you choose to use Google Mock with it (recommended).
* Read [Google Mock for Dummies](../googlemock/docs/for_dummies.md).
* Read the instructions below on how to build Google Mock.
You can also watch Zhanyong's [talk](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYpCyLI47rM) on Google Mock's usage and implementation.
Once you understand the basics, check out the rest of the docs:
* [CheatSheet](../googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md) - all the commonly used stuff
at a glance.
* [CookBook](../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md) - recipes for getting things done,
including advanced techniques.
If you need help, please check the
[KnownIssues](docs/known_issues.md) and
[FrequentlyAskedQuestions](docs/frequently_asked_questions.md) before
posting a question on the
[discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googlemock).
### Using Google Mock Without Google Test ###
Google Mock is not a testing framework itself. Instead, it needs a
testing framework for writing tests. Google Mock works seamlessly
with [Google Test](https://github.com/google/googletest), but
you can also use it with [any C++ testing framework](../googlemock/docs/for_dummies.md#using-google-mock-with-any-testing-framework).
### Requirements for End Users ###
Google Mock is implemented on top of [Google Test](
http://github.com/google/googletest/), and depends on it.
You must use the bundled version of Google Test when using Google Mock.
You can also easily configure Google Mock to work with another testing
framework, although it will still need Google Test. Please read
["Using_Google_Mock_with_Any_Testing_Framework"](
../googlemock/docs/for_dummies.md#using-google-mock-with-any-testing-framework)
for instructions.
Google Mock depends on advanced C++ features and thus requires a more
modern compiler. The following are needed to use Google Mock:
#### Linux Requirements ####
* GNU-compatible Make or "gmake"
* POSIX-standard shell
* POSIX(-2) Regular Expressions (regex.h)
* C++98-standard-compliant compiler (e.g. GCC 3.4 or newer)
#### Windows Requirements ####
* Microsoft Visual C++ 8.0 SP1 or newer
#### Mac OS X Requirements ####
* Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger or newer
* Developer Tools Installed
### Requirements for Contributors ###
We welcome patches. If you plan to contribute a patch, you need to
build Google Mock and its tests, which has further requirements:
* Automake version 1.9 or newer
* Autoconf version 2.59 or newer
* Libtool / Libtoolize
* Python version 2.3 or newer (for running some of the tests and
re-generating certain source files from templates)
### Building Google Mock ###
#### Using CMake ####
If you have CMake available, it is recommended that you follow the
[build instructions][gtest_cmakebuild]
as described for Google Test.
If are using Google Mock with an
existing CMake project, the section
[Incorporating Into An Existing CMake Project][gtest_incorpcmake]
may be of particular interest.
To make it work for Google Mock you will need to change
target_link_libraries(example gtest_main)
to
target_link_libraries(example gmock_main)
This works because `gmock_main` library is compiled with Google Test.
### Tweaking Google Mock ###
Google Mock can be used in diverse environments. The default
configuration may not work (or may not work well) out of the box in
some environments. However, you can easily tweak Google Mock by
defining control macros on the compiler command line. Generally,
these macros are named like `GTEST_XYZ` and you define them to either 1
or 0 to enable or disable a certain feature.
We list the most frequently used macros below. For a complete list,
see file [${GTEST\_DIR}/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h](
../googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h).
### As a Shared Library (DLL) ###
Google Mock is compact, so most users can build and link it as a static
library for the simplicity. Google Mock can be used as a DLL, but the
same DLL must contain Google Test as well. See
[Google Test's README][gtest_readme]
for instructions on how to set up necessary compiler settings.
### Tweaking Google Mock ###
Most of Google Test's control macros apply to Google Mock as well.
Please see [Google Test's README][gtest_readme] for how to tweak them.
### Upgrading from an Earlier Version ###
We strive to keep Google Mock releases backward compatible.
Sometimes, though, we have to make some breaking changes for the
users' long-term benefits. This section describes what you'll need to
do if you are upgrading from an earlier version of Google Mock.
#### Upgrading from 1.1.0 or Earlier ####
You may need to explicitly enable or disable Google Test's own TR1
tuple library. See the instructions in section "[Choosing a TR1 Tuple
Library](#choosing-a-tr1-tuple-library)".
#### Upgrading from 1.4.0 or Earlier ####
On platforms where the pthread library is available, Google Test and
Google Mock use it in order to be thread-safe. For this to work, you
may need to tweak your compiler and/or linker flags. Please see the
"[Multi-threaded Tests](../googletest/README.md#multi-threaded-tests)" section in file Google Test's README for what you may need to do.
If you have custom matchers defined using `MatcherInterface` or
`MakePolymorphicMatcher()`, you'll need to update their definitions to
use the new matcher API (
[monomorphic](./docs/cook_book.md#writing-new-monomorphic-matchers),
[polymorphic](./docs/cook_book.md#writing-new-polymorphic-matchers)).
Matchers defined using `MATCHER()` or `MATCHER_P*()` aren't affected.
Happy testing!
[gtest_readme]: ../googletest/README.md "googletest"
[gtest_cmakebuild]: ../googletest/README.md#using-cmake "Using CMake"
[gtest_incorpcmake]: ../googletest/README.md#incorporating-into-an-existing-cmake-project "Incorporating Into An Existing CMake Project"
...@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ line number to jump right to the failed expectation. ...@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ line number to jump right to the failed expectation.
**Tip 2:** If your mock objects are never deleted, the final verification won't **Tip 2:** If your mock objects are never deleted, the final verification won't
happen. Therefore it's a good idea to turn on the heap checker in your tests happen. Therefore it's a good idea to turn on the heap checker in your tests
when you allocate mocks on the heap. You get that automatically if you use the when you allocate mocks on the heap. You get that automatically if you use the
`gunit_main` library already. `gtest_main` library already.
**Important note:** gMock requires expectations to be set **before** the mock **Important note:** gMock requires expectations to be set **before** the mock
functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. In particular, functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. In particular,
......
...@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ switch(expression) { ...@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ switch(expression) {
NOTE: you can only use `FAIL()` in functions that return `void`. See the NOTE: you can only use `FAIL()` in functions that return `void`. See the
[Assertion Placement section](#assertion-placement) for more information. [Assertion Placement section](#assertion-placement) for more information.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Exception Assertions ### Exception Assertions
...@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ EXPECT_NO_THROW({ ...@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ EXPECT_NO_THROW({
}); });
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac; requires exceptions to be enabled in the **Availability**: requires exceptions to be enabled in the
build environment (note that `google3` **disables** exceptions). build environment
### Predicate Assertions for Better Error Messages ### Predicate Assertions for Better Error Messages
...@@ -153,11 +153,10 @@ c is 10 ...@@ -153,11 +153,10 @@ c is 10
> >
> 1. If you see a compiler error "no matching function to call" when using > 1. If you see a compiler error "no matching function to call" when using
> `ASSERT_PRED*` or `EXPECT_PRED*`, please see > `ASSERT_PRED*` or `EXPECT_PRED*`, please see
> [this](faq.md#the-compiler-complains-no-matching-function-to-call-when-i-use-assert_pred-how-do-i-fix-it) for how to resolve it. > [this](faq.md#the-compiler-complains-no-matching-function-to-call-when-i-use-assert-pred-how-do-i-fix-it)
> 1. Currently we only provide predicate assertions of arity <= 5. If you need > for how to resolve it.
> a higher-arity assertion, let [us](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues) know.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Using a Function That Returns an AssertionResult #### Using a Function That Returns an AssertionResult
...@@ -246,7 +245,7 @@ Then the statement `EXPECT_FALSE(IsEven(Fib(6)))` will print ...@@ -246,7 +245,7 @@ Then the statement `EXPECT_FALSE(IsEven(Fib(6)))` will print
Expected: false Expected: false
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Using a Predicate-Formatter #### Using a Predicate-Formatter
...@@ -320,7 +319,7 @@ As you may have realized, many of the built-in assertions we introduced earlier ...@@ -320,7 +319,7 @@ As you may have realized, many of the built-in assertions we introduced earlier
are special cases of `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`. In fact, most of them are are special cases of `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`. In fact, most of them are
indeed defined using `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`. indeed defined using `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Floating-Point Comparison ### Floating-Point Comparison
...@@ -358,7 +357,7 @@ The following assertions allow you to choose the acceptable error bound: ...@@ -358,7 +357,7 @@ The following assertions allow you to choose the acceptable error bound:
: : : exceed the given absolute : : : : exceed the given absolute :
: : : error : : : : error :
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Floating-Point Predicate-Format Functions #### Floating-Point Predicate-Format Functions
...@@ -375,18 +374,18 @@ EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::DoubleLE, val1, val2); ...@@ -375,18 +374,18 @@ EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::DoubleLE, val1, val2);
Verifies that `val1` is less than, or almost equal to, `val2`. You can replace Verifies that `val1` is less than, or almost equal to, `val2`. You can replace
`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2` in the above table with `ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2`. `EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2` in the above table with `ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Asserting Using gMock Matchers ### Asserting Using gMock Matchers
Google-developed C++ mocking framework [gMock](../../googlemock) comes with a [gMock](../../googlemock) comes with a library of matchers for validating
library of matchers for validating arguments passed to mock objects. A gMock arguments passed to mock objects. A gMock *matcher* is basically a predicate
*matcher* is basically a predicate that knows how to describe itself. It can be that knows how to describe itself. It can be used in these assertion macros:
used in these assertion macros:
| Fatal assertion | Nonfatal assertion | Verifies | | Fatal assertion | Nonfatal assertion | Verifies |
| ------------------------------ | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | | ------------------- | ------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| `ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher);` | `EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher);` | value matches matcher | | `ASSERT_THAT(value, | `EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher);` | value matches matcher |
: matcher);` : : :
For example, `StartsWith(prefix)` is a matcher that matches a string starting For example, `StartsWith(prefix)` is a matcher that matches a string starting
with `prefix`, and you can write: with `prefix`, and you can write:
...@@ -398,39 +397,26 @@ using ::testing::StartsWith; ...@@ -398,39 +397,26 @@ using ::testing::StartsWith;
EXPECT_THAT(Foo(), StartsWith("Hello")); EXPECT_THAT(Foo(), StartsWith("Hello"));
``` ```
Read this [recipe](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#using-matchers-in-google-test-assertions) in Read this
the gMock Cookbook for more details. [recipe](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#using-matchers-in-googletest-assertions)
in the gMock Cookbook for more details.
gMock has a rich set of matchers. You can do many things googletest cannot do gMock has a rich set of matchers. You can do many things googletest cannot do
alone with them. For a list of matchers gMock provides, read alone with them. For a list of matchers gMock provides, read
[this](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#using-matchers). Especially useful among them are [this](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md##using-matchers). It's easy to write
some [protocol buffer matchers](https://github.com/google/nucleus/blob/master/nucleus/testing/protocol-buffer-matchers.h). It's easy to write your [own matchers](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#NewMatchers) too.
your [own matchers](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#writing-new-matchers-quickly) too.
For example, you can use gMock's
[EqualsProto](https://github.com/google/nucleus/blob/master/nucleus/testing/protocol-buffer-matchers.h)
to compare protos in your tests:
```c++
#include "testing/base/public/gmock.h"
using ::testing::EqualsProto;
...
EXPECT_THAT(actual_proto, EqualsProto("foo: 123 bar: 'xyz'"));
EXPECT_THAT(*actual_proto_ptr, EqualsProto(expected_proto));
```
gMock is bundled with googletest, so you don't need to add any build dependency gMock is bundled with googletest, so you don't need to add any build dependency
in order to take advantage of this. Just include `"testing/base/public/gmock.h"` in order to take advantage of this. Just include `"testing/base/public/gmock.h"`
and you're ready to go. and you're ready to go.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, and Mac.
### More String Assertions ### More String Assertions
(Please read the [previous](#asserting-using-gmock-matchers) section first if you haven't.) (Please read the [previous](#AssertThat) section first if you haven't.)
You can use the gMock [string matchers](../../googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md#string-matchers) You can use the gMock
with `EXPECT_THAT()` or `ASSERT_THAT()` to do more string comparison tricks [string matchers](../../googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md#string-matchers) with
`EXPECT_THAT()` or `ASSERT_THAT()` to do more string comparison tricks
(sub-string, prefix, suffix, regular expression, and etc). For example, (sub-string, prefix, suffix, regular expression, and etc). For example,
```c++ ```c++
...@@ -441,11 +427,11 @@ using ::testing::MatchesRegex; ...@@ -441,11 +427,11 @@ using ::testing::MatchesRegex;
EXPECT_THAT(bar_string, MatchesRegex("\\w*\\d+")); EXPECT_THAT(bar_string, MatchesRegex("\\w*\\d+"));
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
If the string contains a well-formed HTML or XML document, you can check whether If the string contains a well-formed HTML or XML document, you can check whether
its DOM tree matches an [XPath its DOM tree matches an
expression](http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#contents): [XPath expression](http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#contents):
```c++ ```c++
// Currently still in //template/prototemplate/testing:xpath_matcher // Currently still in //template/prototemplate/testing:xpath_matcher
...@@ -454,8 +440,6 @@ using prototemplate::testing::MatchesXPath; ...@@ -454,8 +440,6 @@ using prototemplate::testing::MatchesXPath;
EXPECT_THAT(html_string, MatchesXPath("//a[text()='click here']")); EXPECT_THAT(html_string, MatchesXPath("//a[text()='click here']"));
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux.
### Windows HRESULT assertions ### Windows HRESULT assertions
These assertions test for `HRESULT` success or failure. These assertions test for `HRESULT` success or failure.
...@@ -477,8 +461,6 @@ CComVariant empty; ...@@ -477,8 +461,6 @@ CComVariant empty;
ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell->ShellExecute(CComBSTR(url), empty, empty, empty, empty)); ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell->ShellExecute(CComBSTR(url), empty, empty, empty, empty));
``` ```
**Availability**: Windows.
### Type Assertions ### Type Assertions
You can call the function You can call the function
...@@ -519,7 +501,7 @@ void Test2() { Foo<bool> foo; foo.Bar(); } ...@@ -519,7 +501,7 @@ void Test2() { Foo<bool> foo; foo.Bar(); }
to cause a compiler error. to cause a compiler error.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Assertion Placement ### Assertion Placement
...@@ -544,14 +526,17 @@ that generate non-fatal failures, such as `ADD_FAILURE*` and `EXPECT_*`. ...@@ -544,14 +526,17 @@ that generate non-fatal failures, such as `ADD_FAILURE*` and `EXPECT_*`.
NOTE: Constructors and destructors are not considered void-returning functions, NOTE: Constructors and destructors are not considered void-returning functions,
according to the C++ language specification, and so you may not use fatal according to the C++ language specification, and so you may not use fatal
assertions in them. You'll get a compilation error if you try. A simple assertions in them; you'll get a compilation error if you try. Instead, either
workaround is to transfer the entire body of the constructor or destructor to a call `abort` and crash the entire test executable, or put the fatal assertion in
private void-returning method. However, you should be aware that a fatal a `SetUp`/`TearDown` function; see
assertion failure in a constructor does not terminate the current test, as your [constructor/destructor vs. `SetUp`/`TearDown`](faq.md#CtorVsSetUp)
intuition might suggest; it merely returns from the constructor early, possibly
leaving your object in a partially-constructed state. Likewise, a fatal WARNING: A fatal assertion in a helper function (private void-returning method)
assertion failure in a destructor may leave your object in a called from a constructor or destructor does not does not terminate the current
partially-destructed state. Use assertions carefully in these situations! test, as your intuition might suggest: it merely returns from the constructor or
destructor early, possibly leaving your object in a partially-constructed or
partially-destructed state! You almost certainly want to `abort` or use
`SetUp`/`TearDown` instead.
## Teaching googletest How to Print Your Values ## Teaching googletest How to Print Your Values
...@@ -649,11 +634,10 @@ Since these precondition checks cause the processes to die, we call such tests ...@@ -649,11 +634,10 @@ Since these precondition checks cause the processes to die, we call such tests
_death tests_. More generally, any test that checks that a program terminates _death tests_. More generally, any test that checks that a program terminates
(except by throwing an exception) in an expected fashion is also a death test. (except by throwing an exception) in an expected fashion is also a death test.
Note that if a piece of code throws an exception, we don't consider it "death" Note that if a piece of code throws an exception, we don't consider it "death"
for the purpose of death tests, as the caller of the code could catch the for the purpose of death tests, as the caller of the code could catch the
exception and avoid the crash. If you want to verify exceptions thrown by your exception and avoid the crash. If you want to verify exceptions thrown by your
code, see [Exception Assertions](#exception-assertions). code, see [Exception Assertions](#ExceptionAssertions).
If you want to test `EXPECT_*()/ASSERT_*()` failures in your test code, see If you want to test `EXPECT_*()/ASSERT_*()` failures in your test code, see
Catching Failures Catching Failures
...@@ -662,19 +646,20 @@ Catching Failures ...@@ -662,19 +646,20 @@ Catching Failures
googletest has the following macros to support death tests: googletest has the following macros to support death tests:
Fatal assertion | Nonfatal assertion | Verifies Fatal assertion | Nonfatal assertion | Verifies
---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | -------- ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | --------
`ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex);` | `EXPECT_DEATH(statement, regex);` | `statement` crashes with the given error `ASSERT_DEATH(statement, matcher);` | `EXPECT_DEATH(statement, matcher);` | `statement` crashes with the given error
`ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex);` | `EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex);` | if death tests are supported, verifies that `statement` crashes with the given error; otherwise verifies nothing `ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, matcher);` | `EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, matcher);` | if death tests are supported, verifies that `statement` crashes with the given error; otherwise verifies nothing
`ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, regex);` | `EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, regex);` | `statement` exits with the given error, and its exit code matches `predicate` `ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher);` | `EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher);` | `statement` exits with the given error, and its exit code matches `predicate`
where `statement` is a statement that is expected to cause the process to die, where `statement` is a statement that is expected to cause the process to die,
`predicate` is a function or function object that evaluates an integer exit `predicate` is a function or function object that evaluates an integer exit
status, and `regex` is a (Perl) regular expression that the stderr output of status, and `matcher` is either a GMock matcher matching a `const std::string&`
`statement` is expected to match. Note that `statement` can be *any valid or a (Perl) regular expression - either of which is matched against the stderr
statement* (including *compound statement*) and doesn't have to be an output of `statement`. For legacy reasons, a bare string (i.e. with no matcher)
expression. is interpreted as `ContainsRegex(str)`, **not** `Eq(str)`. Note that `statement`
can be *any valid statement* (including *compound statement*) and doesn't have
to be an expression.
As usual, the `ASSERT` variants abort the current test function, while the As usual, the `ASSERT` variants abort the current test function, while the
`EXPECT` variants do not. `EXPECT` variants do not.
...@@ -756,8 +741,8 @@ necessary. ...@@ -756,8 +741,8 @@ necessary.
IMPORTANT: We strongly recommend you to follow the convention of naming your IMPORTANT: We strongly recommend you to follow the convention of naming your
**test suite** (not test) `*DeathTest` when it contains a death test, as **test suite** (not test) `*DeathTest` when it contains a death test, as
demonstrated in the above example. The [Death Tests And demonstrated in the above example. The
Threads](#death-tests-and-threads) section below explains why. [Death Tests And Threads](#death-tests-and-threads) section below explains why.
If a test fixture class is shared by normal tests and death tests, you can use If a test fixture class is shared by normal tests and death tests, you can use
`using` or `typedef` to introduce an alias for the fixture class and avoid `using` or `typedef` to introduce an alias for the fixture class and avoid
...@@ -777,11 +762,8 @@ TEST_F(FooDeathTest, DoesThat) { ...@@ -777,11 +762,8 @@ TEST_F(FooDeathTest, DoesThat) {
} }
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Cygwin, and Mac
### Regular Expression Syntax ### Regular Expression Syntax
On POSIX systems (e.g. Linux, Cygwin, and Mac), googletest uses the On POSIX systems (e.g. Linux, Cygwin, and Mac), googletest uses the
[POSIX extended regular expression](http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap09.html#tag_09_04) [POSIX extended regular expression](http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap09.html#tag_09_04)
syntax. To learn about this syntax, you may want to read this syntax. To learn about this syntax, you may want to read this
...@@ -819,10 +801,9 @@ Expression | Meaning ...@@ -819,10 +801,9 @@ Expression | Meaning
To help you determine which capability is available on your system, googletest To help you determine which capability is available on your system, googletest
defines macros to govern which regular expression it is using. The macros are: defines macros to govern which regular expression it is using. The macros are:
<!--absl:google3-begin(google3-only)-->`GTEST_USES_PCRE=1`, or `GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE=1` or `GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE=1`. If you want your death
<!--absl:google3-end--> `GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE=1` or `GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE=1`. If tests to work in all cases, you can either `#if` on these macros or use the more
you want your death tests to work in all cases, you can either `#if` on these limited syntax only.
macros or use the more limited syntax only.
### How It Works ### How It Works
...@@ -844,11 +825,7 @@ initialized from the command-line flag `--gtest_death_test_style`). ...@@ -844,11 +825,7 @@ initialized from the command-line flag `--gtest_death_test_style`).
consideration to be run - much like the `threadsafe` mode on POSIX. consideration to be run - much like the `threadsafe` mode on POSIX.
Other values for the variable are illegal and will cause the death test to fail. Other values for the variable are illegal and will cause the death test to fail.
Currently, the flag's default value is Currently, the flag's default value is **"fast"**
"fast". However, we reserve
the right to change it in the future. Therefore, your tests should not depend on
this. In either case, the parent process waits for the child process to
complete, and checks that
1. the child's exit status satisfies the predicate, and 1. the child's exit status satisfies the predicate, and
2. the child's stderr matches the regular expression. 2. the child's stderr matches the regular expression.
...@@ -869,7 +846,8 @@ googletest has three features intended to raise awareness of threading issues. ...@@ -869,7 +846,8 @@ googletest has three features intended to raise awareness of threading issues.
1. A warning is emitted if multiple threads are running when a death test is 1. A warning is emitted if multiple threads are running when a death test is
encountered. encountered.
2. Test suites with a name ending in "DeathTest" are run before all other tests. 2. Test suites with a name ending in "DeathTest" are run before all other
tests.
3. It uses `clone()` instead of `fork()` to spawn the child process on Linux 3. It uses `clone()` instead of `fork()` to spawn the child process on Linux
(`clone()` is not available on Cygwin and Mac), as `fork()` is more likely (`clone()` is not available on Cygwin and Mac), as `fork()` is more likely
to cause the child to hang when the parent process has multiple threads. to cause the child to hang when the parent process has multiple threads.
...@@ -879,7 +857,6 @@ executed in a separate process and cannot affect the parent. ...@@ -879,7 +857,6 @@ executed in a separate process and cannot affect the parent.
### Death Test Styles ### Death Test Styles
The "threadsafe" death test style was introduced in order to help mitigate the The "threadsafe" death test style was introduced in order to help mitigate the
risks of testing in a possibly multithreaded environment. It trades increased risks of testing in a possibly multithreaded environment. It trades increased
test execution time (potentially dramatically so) for improved thread safety. test execution time (potentially dramatically so) for improved thread safety.
...@@ -914,7 +891,6 @@ TEST(MyDeathTest, TestTwo) { ...@@ -914,7 +891,6 @@ TEST(MyDeathTest, TestTwo) {
} }
``` ```
### Caveats ### Caveats
The `statement` argument of `ASSERT_EXIT()` can be any valid C++ statement. If The `statement` argument of `ASSERT_EXIT()` can be any valid C++ statement. If
...@@ -948,10 +924,9 @@ handlers registered with `pthread_atfork(3)`. ...@@ -948,10 +924,9 @@ handlers registered with `pthread_atfork(3)`.
If a test sub-routine is called from several places, when an assertion inside it If a test sub-routine is called from several places, when an assertion inside it
fails, it can be hard to tell which invocation of the sub-routine the failure is fails, it can be hard to tell which invocation of the sub-routine the failure is
from. from. You can alleviate this problem using extra logging or custom failure
You can alleviate this problem using extra logging or custom failure messages, messages, but that usually clutters up your tests. A better solution is to use
but that usually clutters up your tests. A better solution is to use the the `SCOPED_TRACE` macro or the `ScopedTrace` utility:
`SCOPED_TRACE` macro or the `ScopedTrace` utility:
```c++ ```c++
SCOPED_TRACE(message); SCOPED_TRACE(message);
...@@ -968,8 +943,8 @@ For example, ...@@ -968,8 +943,8 @@ For example,
```c++ ```c++
10: void Sub1(int n) { 10: void Sub1(int n) {
11: EXPECT_EQ(1, Bar(n)); 11: EXPECT_EQ(Bar(n), 1);
12: EXPECT_EQ(2, Bar(n + 1)); 12: EXPECT_EQ(Bar(n + 1), 2);
13: } 13: }
14: 14:
15: TEST(FooTest, Bar) { 15: TEST(FooTest, Bar) {
...@@ -1000,10 +975,9 @@ Expected: 2 ...@@ -1000,10 +975,9 @@ Expected: 2
``` ```
Without the trace, it would've been difficult to know which invocation of Without the trace, it would've been difficult to know which invocation of
`Sub1()` the two failures come from respectively. (You could add `Sub1()` the two failures come from respectively. (You could add an extra
message to each assertion in `Sub1()` to indicate the value of `n`, but that's
an extra message to each assertion in `Sub1()` to indicate the value of `n`, but tedious.)
that's tedious.)
Some tips on using `SCOPED_TRACE`: Some tips on using `SCOPED_TRACE`:
...@@ -1021,7 +995,7 @@ Some tips on using `SCOPED_TRACE`: ...@@ -1021,7 +995,7 @@ Some tips on using `SCOPED_TRACE`:
5. The trace dump is clickable in Emacs - hit `return` on a line number and 5. The trace dump is clickable in Emacs - hit `return` on a line number and
you'll be taken to that line in the source file! you'll be taken to that line in the source file!
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Propagating Fatal Failures ### Propagating Fatal Failures
...@@ -1103,7 +1077,7 @@ EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE({ ...@@ -1103,7 +1077,7 @@ EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE({
}); });
``` ```
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac. Assertions from multiple threads are Assertions from multiple threads are
currently not supported on Windows. currently not supported on Windows.
#### Checking for Failures in the Current Test #### Checking for Failures in the Current Test
...@@ -1145,14 +1119,15 @@ Similarly, `HasNonfatalFailure()` returns `true` if the current test has at ...@@ -1145,14 +1119,15 @@ Similarly, `HasNonfatalFailure()` returns `true` if the current test has at
least one non-fatal failure, and `HasFailure()` returns `true` if the current least one non-fatal failure, and `HasFailure()` returns `true` if the current
test has at least one failure of either kind. test has at least one failure of either kind.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
## Logging Additional Information ## Logging Additional Information
In your test code, you can call `RecordProperty("key", value)` to log additional In your test code, you can call `RecordProperty("key", value)` to log additional
information, where `value` can be either a string or an `int`. The *last* value information, where `value` can be either a string or an `int`. The *last* value
recorded for a key will be emitted to the [XML output](#generating-an-xml-report) if you recorded for a key will be emitted to the
specify one. For example, the test [XML output](#generating-an-xml-report) if you specify one. For example, the
test
```c++ ```c++
TEST_F(WidgetUsageTest, MinAndMaxWidgets) { TEST_F(WidgetUsageTest, MinAndMaxWidgets) {
...@@ -1179,12 +1154,12 @@ will output XML like this: ...@@ -1179,12 +1154,12 @@ will output XML like this:
> `type_param`, and `value_param`). > `type_param`, and `value_param`).
> * Calling `RecordProperty()` outside of the lifespan of a test is allowed. > * Calling `RecordProperty()` outside of the lifespan of a test is allowed.
> If it's called outside of a test but between a test suite's > If it's called outside of a test but between a test suite's
> `SetUpTestSuite()` and `TearDownTestSuite()` methods, it will be attributed > `SetUpTestSuite()` and `TearDownTestSuite()` methods, it will be
> to the XML element for the test suite. If it's called outside of all test > attributed to the XML element for the test suite. If it's called outside
> suites (e.g. in a test environment), it will be attributed to the top-level > of all test suites (e.g. in a test environment), it will be attributed to
> XML element. > the top-level XML element.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
## Sharing Resources Between Tests in the Same Test Suite ## Sharing Resources Between Tests in the Same Test Suite
...@@ -1202,8 +1177,8 @@ also supports per-test-suite set-up/tear-down. To use it: ...@@ -1202,8 +1177,8 @@ also supports per-test-suite set-up/tear-down. To use it:
1. Outside your test fixture class (typically just below it), define those 1. Outside your test fixture class (typically just below it), define those
member variables, optionally giving them initial values. member variables, optionally giving them initial values.
1. In the same test fixture class, define a `static void SetUpTestSuite()` 1. In the same test fixture class, define a `static void SetUpTestSuite()`
function (remember not to spell it as **`SetupTestSuite`** with a small `u`!) function (remember not to spell it as **`SetupTestSuite`** with a small
to set up the shared resources and a `static void TearDownTestSuite()` `u`!) to set up the shared resources and a `static void TearDownTestSuite()`
function to tear them down. function to tear them down.
That's it! googletest automatically calls `SetUpTestSuite()` before running the That's it! googletest automatically calls `SetUpTestSuite()` before running the
...@@ -1262,7 +1237,7 @@ NOTE: Though the above code declares `SetUpTestSuite()` protected, it may ...@@ -1262,7 +1237,7 @@ NOTE: Though the above code declares `SetUpTestSuite()` protected, it may
sometimes be necessary to declare it public, such as when using it with sometimes be necessary to declare it public, such as when using it with
`TEST_P`. `TEST_P`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
## Global Set-Up and Tear-Down ## Global Set-Up and Tear-Down
...@@ -1295,10 +1270,10 @@ Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env); ...@@ -1295,10 +1270,10 @@ Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env);
Now, when `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is called, it first calls the `SetUp()` method of Now, when `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is called, it first calls the `SetUp()` method of
each environment object, then runs the tests if none of the environments each environment object, then runs the tests if none of the environments
reported fatal failures and `GTEST_SKIP()` was not called. `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` reported fatal failures and `GTEST_SKIP()` was not called. `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`
always calls `TearDown()` with each environment object, regardless of whether always calls `TearDown()` with each environment object, regardless of whether or
or not the tests were run. not the tests were run.
It's OK to register multiple environment objects. In this case, their `SetUp()` It's OK to register multiple environment objects. In this suite, their `SetUp()`
will be called in the order they are registered, and their `TearDown()` will be will be called in the order they are registered, and their `TearDown()` will be
called in the reverse order. called in the reverse order.
...@@ -1339,13 +1314,13 @@ number of situations, for example: ...@@ -1339,13 +1314,13 @@ number of situations, for example:
### How to Write Value-Parameterized Tests ### How to Write Value-Parameterized Tests
To write value-parameterized tests, first you should define a fixture class. It To write value-parameterized tests, first you should define a fixture class. It
must be derived from both `::testing::Test` and must be derived from both `testing::Test` and `testing::WithParamInterface<T>`
`::testing::WithParamInterface<T>` (the latter is a pure interface), where `T` (the latter is a pure interface), where `T` is the type of your parameter
is the type of your parameter values. For convenience, you can just derive the values. For convenience, you can just derive the fixture class from
fixture class from `::testing::TestWithParam<T>`, which itself is derived from `testing::TestWithParam<T>`, which itself is derived from both `testing::Test`
both `::testing::Test` and `::testing::WithParamInterface<T>`. `T` can be any and `testing::WithParamInterface<T>`. `T` can be any copyable type. If it's a
copyable type. If it's a raw pointer, you are responsible for managing the raw pointer, you are responsible for managing the lifespan of the pointed
lifespan of the pointed values. values.
NOTE: If your test fixture defines `SetUpTestSuite()` or `TearDownTestSuite()` NOTE: If your test fixture defines `SetUpTestSuite()` or `TearDownTestSuite()`
they must be declared **public** rather than **protected** in order to use they must be declared **public** rather than **protected** in order to use
...@@ -1353,18 +1328,18 @@ they must be declared **public** rather than **protected** in order to use ...@@ -1353,18 +1328,18 @@ they must be declared **public** rather than **protected** in order to use
```c++ ```c++
class FooTest : class FooTest :
public ::testing::TestWithParam<const char*> { public testing::TestWithParam<const char*> {
// You can implement all the usual fixture class members here. // You can implement all the usual fixture class members here.
// To access the test parameter, call GetParam() from class // To access the test parameter, call GetParam() from class
// TestWithParam<T>. // TestWithParam<T>.
}; };
// Or, when you want to add parameters to a pre-existing fixture class: // Or, when you want to add parameters to a pre-existing fixture class:
class BaseTest : public ::testing::Test { class BaseTest : public testing::Test {
... ...
}; };
class BarTest : public BaseTest, class BarTest : public BaseTest,
public ::testing::WithParamInterface<const char*> { public testing::WithParamInterface<const char*> {
... ...
}; };
``` ```
...@@ -1386,31 +1361,35 @@ TEST_P(FooTest, HasBlahBlah) { ...@@ -1386,31 +1361,35 @@ TEST_P(FooTest, HasBlahBlah) {
} }
``` ```
Finally, you can use `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` to instantiate the test suite with Finally, you can use `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` to instantiate the test suite
any set of parameters you want. googletest defines a number of functions for with any set of parameters you want. googletest defines a number of functions
generating test parameters. They return what we call (surprise!) *parameter for generating test parameters. They return what we call (surprise!) *parameter
generators*. Here is a summary of them, which are all in the `testing` generators*. Here is a summary of them, which are all in the `testing`
namespace: namespace:
| Parameter Generator | Behavior | | Parameter Generator | Behavior |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `Range(begin, end [, step])` | Yields values `{begin, begin+step, begin+step+step, ...}`. The values do not include `end`. `step` defaults to 1. | | `Range(begin, end [, step])` | Yields values `{begin, begin+step, |
: : begin+step+step, ...}`. The values do not :
: : include `end`. `step` defaults to 1. :
| `Values(v1, v2, ..., vN)` | Yields values `{v1, v2, ..., vN}`. | | `Values(v1, v2, ..., vN)` | Yields values `{v1, v2, ..., vN}`. |
| `ValuesIn(container)` and `ValuesIn(begin,end)` | Yields values from a C-style array, an STL-style container, or an iterator range `[begin, end)`. | | `ValuesIn(container)` and | Yields values from a C-style array, an |
: `ValuesIn(begin,end)` : STL-style container, or an iterator range :
: : `[begin, end)`. :
| `Bool()` | Yields sequence `{false, true}`. | | `Bool()` | Yields sequence `{false, true}`. |
| `Combine(g1, g2, ..., gN)` | Yields all combinations (Cartesian product) as std\:\:tuples of the values generated by the `N` generators. | | `Combine(g1, g2, ..., gN)` | Yields all combinations (Cartesian product) |
: : as std\:\:tuples of the values generated by :
: : the `N` generators. :
For more details, see the comments at the definitions of these functions. For more details, see the comments at the definitions of these functions.
NOTE: The `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` keyword is recommended (addressing https://github.com/google/googletest/issues/1085) For 1.8.1 and previous releases the keyword is `INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P`. which has been deprecated in favor of INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P. The following statement will instantiate tests from the `FooTest` test suite
each with parameter values `"meeny"`, `"miny"`, and `"moe"`.
The following statement will instantiate tests from the `FooTest` test suite each
with parameter values `"meeny"`, `"miny"`, and `"moe"`.
```c++ ```c++
INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InstantiationName, INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InstantiationName,
FooTest, FooTest,
::testing::Values("meeny", "miny", "moe")); testing::Values("meeny", "miny", "moe"));
``` ```
NOTE: The code above must be placed at global or namespace scope, not at NOTE: The code above must be placed at global or namespace scope, not at
...@@ -1440,7 +1419,7 @@ parameter values `"cat"` and `"dog"`: ...@@ -1440,7 +1419,7 @@ parameter values `"cat"` and `"dog"`:
```c++ ```c++
const char* pets[] = {"cat", "dog"}; const char* pets[] = {"cat", "dog"};
INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AnotherInstantiationName, FooTest, INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AnotherInstantiationName, FooTest,
::testing::ValuesIn(pets)); testing::ValuesIn(pets));
``` ```
The tests from the instantiation above will have these names: The tests from the instantiation above will have these names:
...@@ -1456,8 +1435,6 @@ given test suite, whether their definitions come before or *after* the ...@@ -1456,8 +1435,6 @@ given test suite, whether their definitions come before or *after* the
You can see sample7_unittest.cc and sample8_unittest.cc for more examples. You can see sample7_unittest.cc and sample8_unittest.cc for more examples.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac
### Creating Value-Parameterized Abstract Tests ### Creating Value-Parameterized Abstract Tests
In the above, we define and instantiate `FooTest` in the *same* source file. In the above, we define and instantiate `FooTest` in the *same* source file.
...@@ -1494,22 +1471,49 @@ returns the value of `testing::PrintToString(GetParam())`. It does not work for ...@@ -1494,22 +1471,49 @@ returns the value of `testing::PrintToString(GetParam())`. It does not work for
`std::string` or C strings. `std::string` or C strings.
NOTE: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII NOTE: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
alphanumeric characters. In particular, they [should not contain alphanumeric characters. In particular, they
underscores](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/docs/faq.md#why-should-test-suite-names-and-test-names-not-contain-underscore). [should not contain underscores](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/docs/faq.md#why-should-test-suite-names-and-test-names-not-contain-underscore)
```c++ ```c++
class MyTestsuite : public testing::TestWithParam<int> {}; class MyTestSuite : public testing::TestWithParam<int> {};
TEST_P(MyTestsuite, MyTest) TEST_P(MyTestSuite, MyTest)
{ {
std::cout << "Example Test Param: " << GetParam() << std::endl; std::cout << "Example Test Param: " << GetParam() << std::endl;
} }
INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(MyGroup, MyTestsuite, testing::Range(0, 10), INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(MyGroup, MyTestSuite, testing::Range(0, 10),
testing::PrintToStringParamName()); testing::PrintToStringParamName());
``` ```
## Typed Tests</id> Providing a custom functor allows for more control over test parameter name
generation, especially for types where the automatic conversion does not
generate helpful parameter names (e.g. strings as demonstrated above). The
following example illustrates this for multiple parameters, an enumeration type
and a string, and also demonstrates how to combine generators. It uses a lambda
for conciseness:
```c++
enum class MyType { MY_FOO = 0, MY_BAR = 1 };
class MyTestSuite : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<MyType, string>> {
};
INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
MyGroup, MyTestSuite,
testing::Combine(
testing::Values(MyType::VALUE_0, MyType::VALUE_1),
testing::ValuesIn("", "")),
[](const testing::TestParamInfo<MyTestSuite::ParamType>& info) {
string name = absl::StrCat(
std::get<0>(info.param) == MY_FOO ? "Foo" : "Bar", "_",
std::get<1>(info.param));
absl::c_replace_if(name, [](char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
return name;
});
```
## Typed Tests
Suppose you have multiple implementations of the same interface and want to make Suppose you have multiple implementations of the same interface and want to make
sure that all of them satisfy some common requirements. Or, you may have defined sure that all of them satisfy some common requirements. Or, you may have defined
...@@ -1579,8 +1583,6 @@ TYPED_TEST(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... } ...@@ -1579,8 +1583,6 @@ TYPED_TEST(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... }
You can see sample6_unittest.cc You can see sample6_unittest.cc
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac
## Type-Parameterized Tests ## Type-Parameterized Tests
*Type-parameterized tests* are like typed tests, except that they don't require *Type-parameterized tests* are like typed tests, except that they don't require
...@@ -1625,12 +1627,12 @@ TYPED_TEST_P(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... } ...@@ -1625,12 +1627,12 @@ TYPED_TEST_P(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... }
Now the tricky part: you need to register all test patterns using the Now the tricky part: you need to register all test patterns using the
`REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P` macro before you can instantiate them. The first `REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P` macro before you can instantiate them. The first
argument of the macro is the test suite name; the rest are the names of the tests argument of the macro is the test suite name; the rest are the names of the
in this test suite: tests in this test suite:
```c++ ```c++
REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(FooTest, REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(FooTest,
DoesBlah, HasPropertyA); DoesBlah, HasPropertyA);
``` ```
Finally, you are free to instantiate the pattern with the types you want. If you Finally, you are free to instantiate the pattern with the types you want. If you
...@@ -1644,7 +1646,8 @@ INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, MyTypes); ...@@ -1644,7 +1646,8 @@ INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, MyTypes);
To distinguish different instances of the pattern, the first argument to the To distinguish different instances of the pattern, the first argument to the
`INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P` macro is a prefix that will be added to the `INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P` macro is a prefix that will be added to the
actual test suite name. Remember to pick unique prefixes for different instances. actual test suite name. Remember to pick unique prefixes for different
instances.
In the special case where the type list contains only one type, you can write In the special case where the type list contains only one type, you can write
that type directly without `::testing::Types<...>`, like this: that type directly without `::testing::Types<...>`, like this:
...@@ -1655,8 +1658,6 @@ INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, int); ...@@ -1655,8 +1658,6 @@ INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, int);
You can see `sample6_unittest.cc` for a complete example. You can see `sample6_unittest.cc` for a complete example.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac
## Testing Private Code ## Testing Private Code
If you change your software's internal implementation, your tests should not If you change your software's internal implementation, your tests should not
...@@ -1682,7 +1683,7 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques: ...@@ -1682,7 +1683,7 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques:
* Both static functions and definitions/declarations in an unnamed namespace * Both static functions and definitions/declarations in an unnamed namespace
are only visible within the same translation unit. To test them, you can are only visible within the same translation unit. To test them, you can
`#include` the entire `.cc` file being tested in your `*_test.cc` file. `#include` the entire `.cc` file being tested in your `*_test.cc` file.
(including `.cc` files is not a good way to reuse code - you should not do (#including `.cc` files is not a good way to reuse code - you should not do
this in production code!) this in production code!)
However, a better approach is to move the private code into the However, a better approach is to move the private code into the
...@@ -1712,19 +1713,16 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques: ...@@ -1712,19 +1713,16 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques:
this line in the class body: this line in the class body:
```c++ ```c++
FRIEND_TEST(TestsuiteName, TestName); FRIEND_TEST(TestSuiteName, TestName);
``` ```
For example, For example,
```c++ ```c++
// foo.h // foo.h
#include "gtest/gtest_prod.h"
class Foo { class Foo {
... ...
private: private:
FRIEND_TEST(FooTest, BarReturnsZeroOnNull); FRIEND_TEST(FooTest, BarReturnsZeroOnNull);
int Bar(void* x); int Bar(void* x);
...@@ -1734,7 +1732,7 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques: ...@@ -1734,7 +1732,7 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques:
... ...
TEST(FooTest, BarReturnsZeroOnNull) { TEST(FooTest, BarReturnsZeroOnNull) {
Foo foo; Foo foo;
EXPECT_EQ(0, foo.Bar(NULL)); // Uses Foo's private member Bar(). EXPECT_EQ(foo.Bar(NULL), 0); // Uses Foo's private member Bar().
} }
``` ```
...@@ -1772,7 +1770,6 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques: ...@@ -1772,7 +1770,6 @@ To test them, we use the following special techniques:
} // namespace my_namespace } // namespace my_namespace
``` ```
## "Catching" Failures ## "Catching" Failures
If you are building a testing utility on top of googletest, you'll want to test If you are building a testing utility on top of googletest, you'll want to test
...@@ -1818,53 +1815,64 @@ For technical reasons, there are some caveats: ...@@ -1818,53 +1815,64 @@ For technical reasons, there are some caveats:
1. `statement` in `EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE{_ON_ALL_THREADS}()` cannot reference 1. `statement` in `EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE{_ON_ALL_THREADS}()` cannot reference
local non-static variables or non-static members of `this` object. local non-static variables or non-static members of `this` object.
1. `statement` in `EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE{_ON_ALL_THREADS}()()` cannot return a 1. `statement` in `EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE{_ON_ALL_THREADS}()` cannot return a
value. value.
## Registering tests programmatically ## Registering tests programmatically
The `TEST` macros handle the vast majority of all use cases, but there are few The `TEST` macros handle the vast majority of all use cases, but there are few
were runtime registration logic is required. For those cases, the framework were runtime registration logic is required. For those cases, the framework
provides the `::testing::RegisterTest` that allows callers to register arbitrary provides the `::testing::RegisterTest` that allows callers to register arbitrary
tests dynamically. tests dynamically.
This is an advanced API only to be used when the `TEST` macros are insufficient.
This is an advanced API only to be used when the `TEST` macros are insufficient.
The macros should be preferred when possible, as they avoid most of the The macros should be preferred when possible, as they avoid most of the
complexity of calling this function. complexity of calling this function.
It provides the following signature:
```c++ It provides the following signature:
```c++
template <typename Factory> template <typename Factory>
TestInfo* RegisterTest(const char* test_case_name, const char* test_name, TestInfo* RegisterTest(const char* test_suite_name, const char* test_name,
const char* type_param, const char* value_param, const char* type_param, const char* value_param,
const char* file, int line, Factory factory); const char* file, int line, Factory factory);
``` ```
The `factory` argument is a factory callable (move-constructible) object or
The `factory` argument is a factory callable (move-constructible) object or
function pointer that creates a new instance of the Test object. It handles function pointer that creates a new instance of the Test object. It handles
ownership to the caller. The signature of the callable is `Fixture*()`, where ownership to the caller. The signature of the callable is `Fixture*()`, where
`Fixture` is the test fixture class for the test. All tests registered with the `Fixture` is the test fixture class for the test. All tests registered with the
same `test_case_name` must return the same fixture type. This is checked at same `test_suite_name` must return the same fixture type. This is checked at
runtime. runtime.
The framework will infer the fixture class from the factory and will call the
`SetUpTestCase` and `TearDownTestCase` for it. The framework will infer the fixture class from the factory and will call the
Must be called before `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is invoked, otherwise behavior is `SetUpTestSuite` and `TearDownTestSuite` for it.
Must be called before `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is invoked, otherwise behavior is
undefined. undefined.
Use case example:
```c++ Use case example:
```c++
class MyFixture : public ::testing::Test { class MyFixture : public ::testing::Test {
public: public:
// All of these optional, just like in regular macro usage. // All of these optional, just like in regular macro usage.
static void SetUpTestCase() { ... } static void SetUpTestSuite() { ... }
static void TearDownTestCase() { ... } static void TearDownTestSuite() { ... }
void SetUp() override { ... } void SetUp() override { ... }
void TearDown() override { ... } void TearDown() override { ... }
}; };
class MyTest : public MyFixture {
class MyTest : public MyFixture {
public: public:
explicit MyTest(int data) : data_(data) {} explicit MyTest(int data) : data_(data) {}
void TestBody() override { ... } void TestBody() override { ... }
private:
private:
int data_; int data_;
}; };
void RegisterMyTests(const std::vector<int>& values) {
void RegisterMyTests(const std::vector<int>& values) {
for (int v : values) { for (int v : values) {
::testing::RegisterTest( ::testing::RegisterTest(
"MyFixture", ("Test" + std::to_string(v)).c_str(), nullptr, "MyFixture", ("Test" + std::to_string(v)).c_str(), nullptr,
...@@ -1882,7 +1890,6 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) { ...@@ -1882,7 +1890,6 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
return RUN_ALL_TESTS(); return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
} }
``` ```
## Getting the Current Test's Name ## Getting the Current Test's Name
Sometimes a function may need to know the name of the currently running test. Sometimes a function may need to know the name of the currently running test.
...@@ -1923,11 +1930,11 @@ To obtain a `TestInfo` object for the currently running test, call ...@@ -1923,11 +1930,11 @@ To obtain a `TestInfo` object for the currently running test, call
``` ```
`current_test_info()` returns a null pointer if no test is running. In `current_test_info()` returns a null pointer if no test is running. In
particular, you cannot find the test suite name in `TestsuiteSetUp()`, particular, you cannot find the test suite name in `TestSuiteSetUp()`,
`TestsuiteTearDown()` (where you know the test suite name implicitly), or `TestSuiteTearDown()` (where you know the test suite name implicitly), or
functions called from them. functions called from them.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
## Extending googletest by Handling Test Events ## Extending googletest by Handling Test Events
...@@ -1939,7 +1946,7 @@ console output, replace the XML output, or provide a completely different form ...@@ -1939,7 +1946,7 @@ console output, replace the XML output, or provide a completely different form
of output, such as a GUI or a database. You can also use test events as of output, such as a GUI or a database. You can also use test events as
checkpoints to implement a resource leak checker, for example. checkpoints to implement a resource leak checker, for example.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Defining Event Listeners ### Defining Event Listeners
...@@ -1954,7 +1961,7 @@ When an event is fired, its context is passed to the handler function as an ...@@ -1954,7 +1961,7 @@ When an event is fired, its context is passed to the handler function as an
argument. The following argument types are used: argument. The following argument types are used:
* UnitTest reflects the state of the entire test program, * UnitTest reflects the state of the entire test program,
* Testsuite has information about a test suite, which can contain one or more * TestSuite has information about a test suite, which can contain one or more
tests, tests,
* TestInfo contains the state of a test, and * TestInfo contains the state of a test, and
* TestPartResult represents the result of a test assertion. * TestPartResult represents the result of a test assertion.
...@@ -2071,17 +2078,17 @@ running them so that a filter may be applied if needed. Including the flag ...@@ -2071,17 +2078,17 @@ running them so that a filter may be applied if needed. Including the flag
format: format:
```none ```none
Testsuite1. TestSuite1.
TestName1 TestName1
TestName2 TestName2
Testsuite2. TestSuite2.
TestName TestName
``` ```
None of the tests listed are actually run if the flag is provided. There is no None of the tests listed are actually run if the flag is provided. There is no
corresponding environment variable for this flag. corresponding environment variable for this flag.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Running a Subset of the Tests #### Running a Subset of the Tests
...@@ -2089,7 +2096,7 @@ By default, a googletest program runs all tests the user has defined. Sometimes, ...@@ -2089,7 +2096,7 @@ By default, a googletest program runs all tests the user has defined. Sometimes,
you want to run only a subset of the tests (e.g. for debugging or quickly you want to run only a subset of the tests (e.g. for debugging or quickly
verifying a change). If you set the `GTEST_FILTER` environment variable or the verifying a change). If you set the `GTEST_FILTER` environment variable or the
`--gtest_filter` flag to a filter string, googletest will only run the tests `--gtest_filter` flag to a filter string, googletest will only run the tests
whose full names (in the form of `TestsuiteName.TestName`) match the filter. whose full names (in the form of `TestSuiteName.TestName`) match the filter.
The format of a filter is a '`:`'-separated list of wildcard patterns (called The format of a filter is a '`:`'-separated list of wildcard patterns (called
the *positive patterns*) optionally followed by a '`-`' and another the *positive patterns*) optionally followed by a '`-`' and another
...@@ -2098,17 +2105,16 @@ the filter if and only if it matches any of the positive patterns but does not ...@@ -2098,17 +2105,16 @@ the filter if and only if it matches any of the positive patterns but does not
match any of the negative patterns. match any of the negative patterns.
A pattern may contain `'*'` (matches any string) or `'?'` (matches any single A pattern may contain `'*'` (matches any string) or `'?'` (matches any single
character). For convenience, the filter character). For convenience, the filter `'*-NegativePatterns'` can be also
written as `'-NegativePatterns'`.
`'*-NegativePatterns'` can be also written as `'-NegativePatterns'`.
For example: For example:
* `./foo_test` Has no flag, and thus runs all its tests. * `./foo_test` Has no flag, and thus runs all its tests.
* `./foo_test --gtest_filter=*` Also runs everything, due to the single * `./foo_test --gtest_filter=*` Also runs everything, due to the single
match-everything `*` value. match-everything `*` value.
* `./foo_test --gtest_filter=FooTest.*` Runs everything in test suite `FooTest` * `./foo_test --gtest_filter=FooTest.*` Runs everything in test suite
. `FooTest` .
* `./foo_test --gtest_filter=*Null*:*Constructor*` Runs any test whose full * `./foo_test --gtest_filter=*Null*:*Constructor*` Runs any test whose full
name contains either `"Null"` or `"Constructor"` . name contains either `"Null"` or `"Constructor"` .
* `./foo_test --gtest_filter=-*DeathTest.*` Runs all non-death tests. * `./foo_test --gtest_filter=-*DeathTest.*` Runs all non-death tests.
...@@ -2150,7 +2156,7 @@ TIP: You can easily count the number of disabled tests you have using `gsearch` ...@@ -2150,7 +2156,7 @@ TIP: You can easily count the number of disabled tests you have using `gsearch`
and/or `grep`. This number can be used as a metric for improving your test and/or `grep`. This number can be used as a metric for improving your test
quality. quality.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Temporarily Enabling Disabled Tests #### Temporarily Enabling Disabled Tests
...@@ -2160,7 +2166,7 @@ the `--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests` flag or set the ...@@ -2160,7 +2166,7 @@ the `--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests` flag or set the
You can combine this with the `--gtest_filter` flag to further select which You can combine this with the `--gtest_filter` flag to further select which
disabled tests to run. disabled tests to run.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Repeating the Tests ### Repeating the Tests
...@@ -2189,12 +2195,10 @@ $ foo_test --gtest_repeat=1000 --gtest_filter=FooBar.* ...@@ -2189,12 +2195,10 @@ $ foo_test --gtest_repeat=1000 --gtest_filter=FooBar.*
Repeat the tests whose name matches the filter 1000 times. Repeat the tests whose name matches the filter 1000 times.
``` ```
If your test program contains [global set-up/tear-down](#global-set-up-and-tear-down) code, it If your test program contains
will be repeated in each iteration as well, as the flakiness may be in it. You [global set-up/tear-down](#global-set-up-and-tear-down) code, it will be
can also specify the repeat count by setting the `GTEST_REPEAT` environment repeated in each iteration as well, as the flakiness may be in it. You can also
variable. specify the repeat count by setting the `GTEST_REPEAT` environment variable.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Shuffling the Tests ### Shuffling the Tests
...@@ -2214,8 +2218,6 @@ time. ...@@ -2214,8 +2218,6 @@ time.
If you combine this with `--gtest_repeat=N`, googletest will pick a different If you combine this with `--gtest_repeat=N`, googletest will pick a different
random seed and re-shuffle the tests in each iteration. random seed and re-shuffle the tests in each iteration.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Controlling Test Output ### Controlling Test Output
#### Colored Terminal Output #### Colored Terminal Output
...@@ -2223,23 +2225,38 @@ random seed and re-shuffle the tests in each iteration. ...@@ -2223,23 +2225,38 @@ random seed and re-shuffle the tests in each iteration.
googletest can use colors in its terminal output to make it easier to spot the googletest can use colors in its terminal output to make it easier to spot the
important information: important information:
<code>
...<br/> ...<br/>
<span style="color:green">[----------]<span style="color:black"> 1 test from FooTest<br/> <font color="green">[----------]</font><font color="black"> 1 test from
<span style="color:green">[ RUN ]<span style="color:black"> FooTest.DoesAbc<br/> FooTest</font><br/>
<span style="color:green">[ OK ]<span style="color:black"> FooTest.DoesAbc<br/> <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
<span style="color:green">[----------]<span style="color:black"> 2 tests from BarTest<br/> FooTest.DoesAbc</font><br/>
<span style="color:green">[ RUN ]<span style="color:black"> BarTest.HasXyzProperty<br/> <font color="green">[ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OK ]</font><font color="black">
<span style="color:green">[ OK ]<span style="color:black"> BarTest.HasXyzProperty<br/> FooTest.DoesAbc </font><br/>
<span style="color:green">[ RUN ]<span style="color:black"> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess<br/> <font color="green">[----------]</font><font color="black">
... some error messages ...<br/> 2 tests from BarTest</font><br/>
<span style="color:red">[ FAILED ] <span style="color:black">BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess<br/> <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
...<br/> BarTest.HasXyzProperty </font><br/>
<span style="color:green">[==========]<span style="color:black"> 30 tests from 14 test suites ran.<br/> <font color="green">[ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OK ]</font><font color="black">
<span style="color:green">[ PASSED ]<span style="color:black"> 28 tests.<br/> BarTest.HasXyzProperty</font><br/>
<span style="color:red">[ FAILED ]<span style="color:black"> 2 tests, listed below:<br/> <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
<span style="color:red">[ FAILED ]<span style="color:black"> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess<br/> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess ... some error messages ...</font><br/>
<span style="color:red">[ FAILED ]<span style="color:black"> AnotherTest.DoesXyz<br/> <font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess ...</font><br/>
<font color="green">[==========]</font><font color="black">
30 tests from 14 test suites ran.</font><br/>
<font color="green">[ &nbsp; PASSED ]</font><font color="black">
28 tests.</font><br/>
<font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
2 tests, listed below:</font><br/>
<font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess</font><br/>
<font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
AnotherTest.DoesXyz<br/>
<br/>
2 FAILED TESTS 2 FAILED TESTS
</font>
</code>
You can set the `GTEST_COLOR` environment variable or the `--gtest_color` You can set the `GTEST_COLOR` environment variable or the `--gtest_color`
command line flag to `yes`, `no`, or `auto` (the default) to enable colors, command line flag to `yes`, `no`, or `auto` (the default) to enable colors,
...@@ -2247,16 +2264,12 @@ disable colors, or let googletest decide. When the value is `auto`, googletest ...@@ -2247,16 +2264,12 @@ disable colors, or let googletest decide. When the value is `auto`, googletest
will use colors if and only if the output goes to a terminal and (on non-Windows will use colors if and only if the output goes to a terminal and (on non-Windows
platforms) the `TERM` environment variable is set to `xterm` or `xterm-color`. platforms) the `TERM` environment variable is set to `xterm` or `xterm-color`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Suppressing the Elapsed Time #### Suppressing the Elapsed Time
By default, googletest prints the time it takes to run each test. To disable By default, googletest prints the time it takes to run each test. To disable
that, run the test program with the `--gtest_print_time=0` command line flag, or that, run the test program with the `--gtest_print_time=0` command line flag, or
set the GTEST_PRINT_TIME environment variable to `0`. set the GTEST_PRINT_TIME environment variable to `0`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Suppressing UTF-8 Text Output #### Suppressing UTF-8 Text Output
In case of assertion failures, googletest prints expected and actual values of In case of assertion failures, googletest prints expected and actual values of
...@@ -2266,7 +2279,6 @@ text because, for example, you don't have an UTF-8 compatible output medium, run ...@@ -2266,7 +2279,6 @@ text because, for example, you don't have an UTF-8 compatible output medium, run
the test program with `--gtest_print_utf8=0` or set the `GTEST_PRINT_UTF8` the test program with `--gtest_print_utf8=0` or set the `GTEST_PRINT_UTF8`
environment variable to `0`. environment variable to `0`.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Generating an XML Report #### Generating an XML Report
...@@ -2289,14 +2301,13 @@ program `foo_test` or `foo_test.exe`). If the file already exists (perhaps left ...@@ -2289,14 +2301,13 @@ program `foo_test` or `foo_test.exe`). If the file already exists (perhaps left
over from a previous run), googletest will pick a different name (e.g. over from a previous run), googletest will pick a different name (e.g.
`foo_test_1.xml`) to avoid overwriting it. `foo_test_1.xml`) to avoid overwriting it.
The report is based on the `junitreport` Ant task. Since that format was The report is based on the `junitreport` Ant task. Since that format was
originally intended for Java, a little interpretation is required to make it originally intended for Java, a little interpretation is required to make it
apply to googletest tests, as shown here: apply to googletest tests, as shown here:
```xml ```xml
<testsuites name="AllTests" ...> <testsuites name="AllTests" ...>
<testsuite name="test_suite_name" ...> <testsuite name="test_case_name" ...>
<testcase name="test_name" ...> <testcase name="test_name" ...>
<failure message="..."/> <failure message="..."/>
<failure message="..."/> <failure message="..."/>
...@@ -2353,9 +2364,9 @@ Things to note: ...@@ -2353,9 +2364,9 @@ Things to note:
* Each `<failure>` element corresponds to a single failed googletest * Each `<failure>` element corresponds to a single failed googletest
assertion. assertion.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Generating an JSON Report
#### Generating a JSON Report
googletest can also emit a JSON report as an alternative format to XML. To googletest can also emit a JSON report as an alternative format to XML. To
generate the JSON report, set the `GTEST_OUTPUT` environment variable or the generate the JSON report, set the `GTEST_OUTPUT` environment variable or the
...@@ -2371,7 +2382,7 @@ The report format conforms to the following JSON Schema: ...@@ -2371,7 +2382,7 @@ The report format conforms to the following JSON Schema:
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/schema#", "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/schema#",
"type": "object", "type": "object",
"definitions": { "definitions": {
"Testsuite": { "TestCase": {
"type": "object", "type": "object",
"properties": { "properties": {
"name": { "type": "string" }, "name": { "type": "string" },
...@@ -2427,15 +2438,15 @@ The report format conforms to the following JSON Schema: ...@@ -2427,15 +2438,15 @@ The report format conforms to the following JSON Schema:
"testsuites": { "testsuites": {
"type": "array", "type": "array",
"items": { "items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/Testsuite" "$ref": "#/definitions/TestCase"
} }
} }
} }
} }
``` ```
The report uses the format that conforms to the following Proto3 using the [JSON The report uses the format that conforms to the following Proto3 using the
encoding](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json): [JSON encoding](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json):
```proto ```proto
syntax = "proto3"; syntax = "proto3";
...@@ -2453,7 +2464,7 @@ message UnitTest { ...@@ -2453,7 +2464,7 @@ message UnitTest {
google.protobuf.Timestamp timestamp = 5; google.protobuf.Timestamp timestamp = 5;
google.protobuf.Duration time = 6; google.protobuf.Duration time = 6;
string name = 7; string name = 7;
repeated Testsuite testsuites = 8; repeated TestCase testsuites = 8;
} }
message TestCase { message TestCase {
...@@ -2554,8 +2565,6 @@ could generate this report: ...@@ -2554,8 +2565,6 @@ could generate this report:
IMPORTANT: The exact format of the JSON document is subject to change. IMPORTANT: The exact format of the JSON document is subject to change.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
### Controlling How Failures Are Reported ### Controlling How Failures Are Reported
#### Turning Assertion Failures into Break-Points #### Turning Assertion Failures into Break-Points
...@@ -2565,11 +2574,9 @@ debugger can catch an assertion failure and automatically drop into interactive ...@@ -2565,11 +2574,9 @@ debugger can catch an assertion failure and automatically drop into interactive
mode. googletest's *break-on-failure* mode supports this behavior. mode. googletest's *break-on-failure* mode supports this behavior.
To enable it, set the `GTEST_BREAK_ON_FAILURE` environment variable to a value To enable it, set the `GTEST_BREAK_ON_FAILURE` environment variable to a value
other than `0` . Alternatively, you can use the `--gtest_break_on_failure` other than `0`. Alternatively, you can use the `--gtest_break_on_failure`
command line flag. command line flag.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
#### Disabling Catching Test-Thrown Exceptions #### Disabling Catching Test-Thrown Exceptions
googletest can be used either with or without exceptions enabled. If a test googletest can be used either with or without exceptions enabled. If a test
...@@ -2584,5 +2591,3 @@ to be handled by the debugger, such that you can examine the call stack when an ...@@ -2584,5 +2591,3 @@ to be handled by the debugger, such that you can examine the call stack when an
exception is thrown. To achieve that, set the `GTEST_CATCH_EXCEPTIONS` exception is thrown. To achieve that, set the `GTEST_CATCH_EXCEPTIONS`
environment variable to `0`, or use the `--gtest_catch_exceptions=0` flag when environment variable to `0`, or use the `--gtest_catch_exceptions=0` flag when
running the tests. running the tests.
**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
# Googletest Samples # Googletest Samples {#samples}
If you're like us, you'd like to look at [googletest If you're like us, you'd like to look at
samples.](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googletest/samples) [googletest samples.](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googletest/samples)
The sample directory has a number of well-commented samples showing how to use a The sample directory has a number of well-commented samples showing how to use a
variety of googletest features. variety of googletest features.
......
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