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 * Authors: Peter Eastman                                                     *
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/**
 * This tests the reference implementation of MonteCarloMembraneBarostat.
 */

#include "openmm/internal/AssertionUtilities.h"
#include "openmm/MonteCarloMembraneBarostat.h"
#include "openmm/Context.h"
#include "openmm/CustomIntegrator.h"
#include "openmm/HarmonicAngleForce.h"
#include "openmm/HarmonicBondForce.h"
#include "openmm/NonbondedForce.h"
#include "openmm/System.h"
#include "openmm/LangevinIntegrator.h"
#include "openmm/VerletIntegrator.h"
#include "ReferencePlatform.h"
#include "sfmt/SFMT.h"
#include "SimTKOpenMMRealType.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace OpenMM;
using namespace std;

ReferencePlatform platform;

void testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYMode xymode, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZMode zmode) {
    const int numParticles = 64;
    const int frequency = 1;
    const int steps = 5000;
    const double pressure = 1.5;
    const double pressureInMD = pressure*(AVOGADRO*1e-25); // pressure in kJ/mol/nm^3
    const double tension = (zmode == MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFixed ? 0.2 : 0.0);
    const double tensionInMD = tension*(AVOGADRO*1e-25); // surface tension in kJ/mol/nm^2
    const double temp[] = {300.0, 600.0, 1000.0};
    const double initialVolume = numParticles*BOLTZ*temp[1]/pressureInMD;
    const double initialLength = std::pow(initialVolume, 1.0/3.0);

    // Create a gas of noninteracting particles.

    System system;
    system.setDefaultPeriodicBoxVectors(Vec3(initialLength, 0, 0), Vec3(0, 0.5*initialLength, 0), Vec3(0, 0, 2*initialLength));
    vector<Vec3> positions(numParticles);
    OpenMM_SFMT::SFMT sfmt;
    init_gen_rand(0, sfmt);
    for (int i = 0; i < numParticles; ++i) {
        system.addParticle(1.0);
        positions[i] = Vec3(initialLength*genrand_real2(sfmt), 0.5*initialLength*genrand_real2(sfmt), 2*initialLength*genrand_real2(sfmt));
    }
    MonteCarloMembraneBarostat* barostat = new MonteCarloMembraneBarostat(pressure, tension, temp[0], xymode, zmode, frequency);
    system.addForce(barostat);
    HarmonicBondForce* bonds = new HarmonicBondForce();
    bonds->setUsesPeriodicBoundaryConditions(true);
    system.addForce(bonds); // So it won't complain the system is non-periodic.

    // Test it for three different temperatures.

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        barostat->setDefaultTemperature(temp[i]);
        LangevinIntegrator integrator(temp[i], 0.1, 0.01);
        Context context(system, integrator, platform);
        context.setPositions(positions);

        // Let it equilibrate.

        integrator.step(1000);

        // Now run it for a while and see if the volume is correct.

        double volume = 0.0, zsize = 0.0;
        for (int j = 0; j < steps; ++j) {
            Vec3 box[3];
            context.getState(0).getPeriodicBoxVectors(box[0], box[1], box[2]);
            volume += box[0][0]*box[1][1]*box[2][2];
            zsize += box[2][2];
            if (xymode == MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYIsotropic)
                ASSERT_EQUAL_TOL(0.5*box[0][0], box[1][1], 1e-5);
            if (zmode == MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFixed)
                ASSERT_EQUAL_TOL(2*initialLength, box[2][2], 1e-5);
            if (zmode == MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ConstantVolume)
                ASSERT_EQUAL_TOL(initialVolume, box[0][0]*box[1][1]*box[2][2], 1e-5);
            integrator.step(frequency);
        }
        volume /= steps;
        zsize /= steps;
        if (zmode != MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ConstantVolume) {
            double effectivePressure = pressureInMD-tensionInMD/zsize;
            double expected = (numParticles+1)*BOLTZ*temp[i]/effectivePressure;
            ASSERT_USUALLY_EQUAL_TOL(expected, volume, 0.05);
        }
    }
}

void testMoleculeScaling(bool rigid) {
    int numMolecules = 10;
    double initialWidth = 3.0;

    // Create a system of diatomic molecules.

    System system;
    Vec3 initialBox[] = {Vec3(initialWidth, 0, 0), Vec3(0, initialWidth, 0), Vec3(0, 0, initialWidth)};
    system.setDefaultPeriodicBoxVectors(initialBox[0], initialBox[1], initialBox[2]);
    HarmonicBondForce* bonds = new HarmonicBondForce();
    system.addForce(bonds);
    NonbondedForce* nonbonded = new NonbondedForce();
    nonbonded->setNonbondedMethod(NonbondedForce::CutoffPeriodic);
    system.addForce(nonbonded);
    MonteCarloMembraneBarostat* barostat = new MonteCarloMembraneBarostat(1.0, 0.0, 300.0, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFree, 1, rigid);
    system.addForce(barostat);
    vector<Vec3> positions;
    OpenMM_SFMT::SFMT sfmt;
    init_gen_rand(0, sfmt);
    for (int i = 0; i < numMolecules; i++) {
        system.addParticle(1.0);
        system.addParticle(1.0);
        bonds->addBond(2*i, 2*i+1, 0.2, 1000.0);
        nonbonded->addParticle(0.0, 0.1, 1.0);
        nonbonded->addParticle(0.0, 0.1, 1.0);
        Vec3 pos1(initialWidth*genrand_real2(sfmt), initialWidth*genrand_real2(sfmt), initialWidth*genrand_real2(sfmt));
        Vec3 delta(genrand_real2(sfmt)-0.5, genrand_real2(sfmt)-0.5, genrand_real2(sfmt)-0.5);
        delta /= sqrt(delta.dot(delta));
        positions.push_back(pos1);
        positions.push_back(pos1+delta);
    }

    // Use an integrator that applies the barostat but nothing else.

    CustomIntegrator integrator(1.0);
    integrator.addUpdateContextState();

    // Let the barostat make some moves.

    Context context(system, integrator, platform);
    context.setPositions(positions);
    integrator.step(100);
    State state = context.getState(State::Positions);

    // The box size should have changed.

    Vec3 finalBox[3];
    state.getPeriodicBoxVectors(finalBox[0], finalBox[1], finalBox[2]);
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        ASSERT(finalBox[i][i] != initialBox[i][i]);

    // See if the molecules were scaled correctly.

    Vec3 boxScale(finalBox[0][0]/initialBox[0][0], finalBox[1][1]/initialBox[1][1], finalBox[2][2]/initialBox[2][2]);
    for (int i = 0; i < numMolecules; i++) {
        Vec3 delta1 = positions[2*i+1]-positions[2*i];
        Vec3 delta2 = state.getPositions()[2*i+1]-state.getPositions()[2*i];
        if (rigid) {
            ASSERT_EQUAL_VEC(delta1, delta2, 1e-5);
        }
        else {
            Vec3 expected(delta1[0]*boxScale[0], delta1[1]*boxScale[1], delta1[2]*boxScale[2]);
            ASSERT_EQUAL_VEC(expected, delta2, 1e-5);
        }
    }
}

void testRandomSeed() {
    const int numParticles = 8;
    const double temp = 100.0;
    const double pressure = 1.5;
    const double tension = 0.3;
    System system;
    system.setDefaultPeriodicBoxVectors(Vec3(8, 0, 0), Vec3(0, 8, 0), Vec3(0, 0, 8));
    VerletIntegrator integrator(0.01);
    NonbondedForce* forceField = new NonbondedForce();
    forceField->setNonbondedMethod(NonbondedForce::CutoffPeriodic);
    for (int i = 0; i < numParticles; ++i) {
        system.addParticle(2.0);
        forceField->addParticle((i%2 == 0 ? 1.0 : -1.0), 1.0, 5.0);
    }
    system.addForce(forceField);
    MonteCarloMembraneBarostat* barostat = new MonteCarloMembraneBarostat(pressure, tension, temp, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFree, 1);
    system.addForce(barostat);
    vector<Vec3> positions(numParticles);
    vector<Vec3> velocities(numParticles);
    for (int i = 0; i < numParticles; ++i) {
        positions[i] = Vec3((i%2 == 0 ? 2 : -2), (i%4 < 2 ? 2 : -2), (i < 4 ? 2 : -2));
        velocities[i] = Vec3(0, 0, 0);
    }

    // Try twice with the same random seed.

    barostat->setRandomNumberSeed(5);
    Context context(system, integrator, platform);
    context.setPositions(positions);
    context.setVelocities(velocities);
    integrator.step(10);
    State state1 = context.getState(State::Positions);
    context.reinitialize();
    context.setPositions(positions);
    context.setVelocities(velocities);
    integrator.step(10);
    State state2 = context.getState(State::Positions);

    // Try twice with a different random seed.

    barostat->setRandomNumberSeed(10);
    context.reinitialize();
    context.setPositions(positions);
    context.setVelocities(velocities);
    integrator.step(10);
    State state3 = context.getState(State::Positions);
    context.reinitialize();
    context.setPositions(positions);
    context.setVelocities(velocities);
    integrator.step(10);
    State state4 = context.getState(State::Positions);

    // Compare the results.

    for (int i = 0; i < numParticles; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
            ASSERT(state1.getPositions()[i][j] == state2.getPositions()[i][j]);
            ASSERT(state3.getPositions()[i][j] == state4.getPositions()[i][j]);
            ASSERT(state1.getPositions()[i][j] != state3.getPositions()[i][j]);
        }
    }
}

void testCrystal() {
    const int gridSize = 5;
    const int numParticles = gridSize*gridSize*gridSize;
    const int frequency = 5;
    const int steps = 10000;
    const double pressure = 15;
    const double tension = 15;
    const double temp = 300.0;
    const double spacing = 1.0;
    const double bondK = 20.0;
    const double angleK = 20.0;

    // Create a periodic crystal.

    System system;
    vector<vector<vector<int> > > index(gridSize, vector<vector<int> >(gridSize, vector<int>(gridSize)));
    system.setDefaultPeriodicBoxVectors(Vec3(gridSize*spacing, 0, 0), Vec3(0, gridSize*spacing, 0), Vec3(0, 0, gridSize*spacing));
    vector<Vec3> positions;
    for (int i = 0; i < gridSize; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < gridSize; j++)
            for (int k = 0; k < gridSize; k++) {
                index[i][j][k] = system.getNumParticles();
                system.addParticle(1.0);
                positions.push_back(Vec3(i, j, k)*spacing);
            }
    HarmonicBondForce* bonds = new HarmonicBondForce();
    HarmonicAngleForce* angles = new HarmonicAngleForce();
    bonds->setUsesPeriodicBoundaryConditions(true);
    angles->setUsesPeriodicBoundaryConditions(true);
    system.addForce(bonds);
    system.addForce(angles);
    for (int i = 0; i < gridSize; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < gridSize; j++)
            for (int k = 0; k < gridSize; k++) {
                bonds->addBond(index[i][j][k], index[(i+1)%gridSize][j][k], spacing, bondK);
                bonds->addBond(index[i][j][k], index[i][(j+1)%gridSize][k], spacing, bondK);
                bonds->addBond(index[i][j][k], index[i][j][(k+1)%gridSize], spacing, bondK);
                angles->addAngle(index[(i+1)%gridSize][j][k], index[i][j][k], index[i][(j+1)%gridSize][k], M_PI/2, angleK);
                angles->addAngle(index[(i+1)%gridSize][j][k], index[i][j][k], index[i][j][(k+1)%gridSize], M_PI/2, angleK);
                angles->addAngle(index[i][(j+1)%gridSize][k], index[i][j][k], index[i][j][(k+1)%gridSize], M_PI/2, angleK);
            }
    MonteCarloMembraneBarostat* barostat = new MonteCarloMembraneBarostat(pressure, tension, temp, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFree, 1);
    system.addForce(barostat);

    // Simulate it, seeing if the pressure is correct.

    LangevinIntegrator integrator(temp, 10.0, 0.002);
    Context context(system, integrator, platform);
    context.setPositions(positions);
    context.setVelocitiesToTemperature(temp);
    integrator.step(1000);
    Vec3 size;
    Vec3 avgPressure;
    for (int j = 0; j < steps; ++j) {
        Vec3 box[3];
        context.getState(0).getPeriodicBoxVectors(box[0], box[1], box[2]);
        size += Vec3(box[0][0], box[1][1], box[2][2]);
        integrator.step(frequency);
        avgPressure += barostat->computeCurrentPressure(context);
    }
    size /= steps;
    avgPressure /= steps;
    ASSERT_USUALLY_EQUAL_TOL(pressure-tension/size[0], avgPressure[0], 0.15);
    ASSERT_USUALLY_EQUAL_TOL(pressure-tension/size[1], avgPressure[1], 0.15);
    ASSERT_USUALLY_EQUAL_TOL(pressure, avgPressure[2], 0.15);
}

int main() {
    try {
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYIsotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFree);
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYIsotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFixed);
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYIsotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ConstantVolume);
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFree);
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ZFixed);
        testIdealGas(MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::XYAnisotropic, MonteCarloMembraneBarostat::ConstantVolume);
        testMoleculeScaling(true);
        testMoleculeScaling(false);
        testRandomSeed();
        testCrystal();
    }
    catch(const exception& e) {
        cout << "exception: " << e.what() << endl;
        return 1;
    }
    cout << "Done" << endl;
    return 0;
}