# Copyright 2025 Ollin Boer Bohan and The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union

import torch

from ...configuration_utils import ConfigMixin, register_to_config
from ...utils import BaseOutput
from ...utils.accelerate_utils import apply_forward_hook
from ..modeling_utils import ModelMixin
from .vae import AutoencoderMixin, DecoderOutput, DecoderTiny, EncoderTiny


@dataclass
class AutoencoderTinyOutput(BaseOutput):
    """
    Output of AutoencoderTiny encoding method.

    Args:
        latents (`torch.Tensor`): Encoded outputs of the `Encoder`.

    """

    latents: torch.Tensor


class AutoencoderTiny(ModelMixin, AutoencoderMixin, ConfigMixin):
    r"""
    A tiny distilled VAE model for encoding images into latents and decoding latent representations into images.

    [`AutoencoderTiny`] is a wrapper around the original implementation of `TAESD`.

    This model inherits from [`ModelMixin`]. Check the superclass documentation for its generic methods implemented for
    all models (such as downloading or saving).

    Parameters:
        in_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3): Number of channels in the input image.
        out_channels (`int`,  *optional*, defaults to 3): Number of channels in the output.
        encoder_block_out_channels (`Tuple[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `(64, 64, 64, 64)`):
            Tuple of integers representing the number of output channels for each encoder block. The length of the
            tuple should be equal to the number of encoder blocks.
        decoder_block_out_channels (`Tuple[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `(64, 64, 64, 64)`):
            Tuple of integers representing the number of output channels for each decoder block. The length of the
            tuple should be equal to the number of decoder blocks.
        act_fn (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu"`):
            Activation function to be used throughout the model.
        latent_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4):
            Number of channels in the latent representation. The latent space acts as a compressed representation of
            the input image.
        upsampling_scaling_factor (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
            Scaling factor for upsampling in the decoder. It determines the size of the output image during the
            upsampling process.
        num_encoder_blocks (`Tuple[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `(1, 3, 3, 3)`):
            Tuple of integers representing the number of encoder blocks at each stage of the encoding process. The
            length of the tuple should be equal to the number of stages in the encoder. Each stage has a different
            number of encoder blocks.
        num_decoder_blocks (`Tuple[int]`, *optional*, defaults to `(3, 3, 3, 1)`):
            Tuple of integers representing the number of decoder blocks at each stage of the decoding process. The
            length of the tuple should be equal to the number of stages in the decoder. Each stage has a different
            number of decoder blocks.
        latent_magnitude (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 3.0):
            Magnitude of the latent representation. This parameter scales the latent representation values to control
            the extent of information preservation.
        latent_shift (float, *optional*, defaults to 0.5):
            Shift applied to the latent representation. This parameter controls the center of the latent space.
        scaling_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
            The component-wise standard deviation of the trained latent space computed using the first batch of the
            training set. This is used to scale the latent space to have unit variance when training the diffusion
            model. The latents are scaled with the formula `z = z * scaling_factor` before being passed to the
            diffusion model. When decoding, the latents are scaled back to the original scale with the formula: `z = 1
            / scaling_factor * z`. For more details, refer to sections 4.3.2 and D.1 of the [High-Resolution Image
            Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://huggingface.co/papers/2112.10752) paper. For this
            Autoencoder, however, no such scaling factor was used, hence the value of 1.0 as the default.
        force_upcast (`bool`, *optional*, default to `False`):
            If enabled it will force the VAE to run in float32 for high image resolution pipelines, such as SD-XL. VAE
            can be fine-tuned / trained to a lower range without losing too much precision, in which case
            `force_upcast` can be set to `False` (see this fp16-friendly
            [AutoEncoder](https://huggingface.co/madebyollin/sdxl-vae-fp16-fix)).
    """

    _supports_gradient_checkpointing = True

    @register_to_config
    def __init__(
        self,
        in_channels: int = 3,
        out_channels: int = 3,
        encoder_block_out_channels: Tuple[int, ...] = (64, 64, 64, 64),
        decoder_block_out_channels: Tuple[int, ...] = (64, 64, 64, 64),
        act_fn: str = "relu",
        upsample_fn: str = "nearest",
        latent_channels: int = 4,
        upsampling_scaling_factor: int = 2,
        num_encoder_blocks: Tuple[int, ...] = (1, 3, 3, 3),
        num_decoder_blocks: Tuple[int, ...] = (3, 3, 3, 1),
        latent_magnitude: int = 3,
        latent_shift: float = 0.5,
        force_upcast: bool = False,
        scaling_factor: float = 1.0,
        shift_factor: float = 0.0,
    ):
        super().__init__()

        if len(encoder_block_out_channels) != len(num_encoder_blocks):
            raise ValueError("`encoder_block_out_channels` should have the same length as `num_encoder_blocks`.")
        if len(decoder_block_out_channels) != len(num_decoder_blocks):
            raise ValueError("`decoder_block_out_channels` should have the same length as `num_decoder_blocks`.")

        self.encoder = EncoderTiny(
            in_channels=in_channels,
            out_channels=latent_channels,
            num_blocks=num_encoder_blocks,
            block_out_channels=encoder_block_out_channels,
            act_fn=act_fn,
        )

        self.decoder = DecoderTiny(
            in_channels=latent_channels,
            out_channels=out_channels,
            num_blocks=num_decoder_blocks,
            block_out_channels=decoder_block_out_channels,
            upsampling_scaling_factor=upsampling_scaling_factor,
            act_fn=act_fn,
            upsample_fn=upsample_fn,
        )

        self.latent_magnitude = latent_magnitude
        self.latent_shift = latent_shift
        self.scaling_factor = scaling_factor

        self.use_slicing = False
        self.use_tiling = False

        # only relevant if vae tiling is enabled
        self.spatial_scale_factor = 2**out_channels
        self.tile_overlap_factor = 0.125
        self.tile_sample_min_size = 512
        self.tile_latent_min_size = self.tile_sample_min_size // self.spatial_scale_factor

        self.register_to_config(block_out_channels=decoder_block_out_channels)
        self.register_to_config(force_upcast=False)

    def scale_latents(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """raw latents -> [0, 1]"""
        return x.div(2 * self.latent_magnitude).add(self.latent_shift).clamp(0, 1)

    def unscale_latents(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """[0, 1] -> raw latents"""
        return x.sub(self.latent_shift).mul(2 * self.latent_magnitude)

    def _tiled_encode(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        r"""Encode a batch of images using a tiled encoder.

        When this option is enabled, the VAE will split the input tensor into tiles to compute encoding in several
        steps. This is useful to keep memory use constant regardless of image size. To avoid tiling artifacts, the
        tiles overlap and are blended together to form a smooth output.

        Args:
            x (`torch.Tensor`): Input batch of images.

        Returns:
            `torch.Tensor`: Encoded batch of images.
        """
        # scale of encoder output relative to input
        sf = self.spatial_scale_factor
        tile_size = self.tile_sample_min_size

        # number of pixels to blend and to traverse between tile
        blend_size = int(tile_size * self.tile_overlap_factor)
        traverse_size = tile_size - blend_size

        # tiles index (up/left)
        ti = range(0, x.shape[-2], traverse_size)
        tj = range(0, x.shape[-1], traverse_size)

        # mask for blending
        blend_masks = torch.stack(
            torch.meshgrid([torch.arange(tile_size / sf) / (blend_size / sf - 1)] * 2, indexing="ij")
        )
        blend_masks = blend_masks.clamp(0, 1).to(x.device)

        # output array
        out = torch.zeros(x.shape[0], 4, x.shape[-2] // sf, x.shape[-1] // sf, device=x.device)
        for i in ti:
            for j in tj:
                tile_in = x[..., i : i + tile_size, j : j + tile_size]
                # tile result
                tile_out = out[..., i // sf : (i + tile_size) // sf, j // sf : (j + tile_size) // sf]
                tile = self.encoder(tile_in)
                h, w = tile.shape[-2], tile.shape[-1]
                # blend tile result into output
                blend_mask_i = torch.ones_like(blend_masks[0]) if i == 0 else blend_masks[0]
                blend_mask_j = torch.ones_like(blend_masks[1]) if j == 0 else blend_masks[1]
                blend_mask = blend_mask_i * blend_mask_j
                tile, blend_mask = tile[..., :h, :w], blend_mask[..., :h, :w]
                tile_out.copy_(blend_mask * tile + (1 - blend_mask) * tile_out)
        return out

    def _tiled_decode(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        r"""Encode a batch of images using a tiled encoder.

        When this option is enabled, the VAE will split the input tensor into tiles to compute encoding in several
        steps. This is useful to keep memory use constant regardless of image size. To avoid tiling artifacts, the
        tiles overlap and are blended together to form a smooth output.

        Args:
            x (`torch.Tensor`): Input batch of images.

        Returns:
            `torch.Tensor`: Encoded batch of images.
        """
        # scale of decoder output relative to input
        sf = self.spatial_scale_factor
        tile_size = self.tile_latent_min_size

        # number of pixels to blend and to traverse between tiles
        blend_size = int(tile_size * self.tile_overlap_factor)
        traverse_size = tile_size - blend_size

        # tiles index (up/left)
        ti = range(0, x.shape[-2], traverse_size)
        tj = range(0, x.shape[-1], traverse_size)

        # mask for blending
        blend_masks = torch.stack(
            torch.meshgrid([torch.arange(tile_size * sf) / (blend_size * sf - 1)] * 2, indexing="ij")
        )
        blend_masks = blend_masks.clamp(0, 1).to(x.device)

        # output array
        out = torch.zeros(x.shape[0], 3, x.shape[-2] * sf, x.shape[-1] * sf, device=x.device)
        for i in ti:
            for j in tj:
                tile_in = x[..., i : i + tile_size, j : j + tile_size]
                # tile result
                tile_out = out[..., i * sf : (i + tile_size) * sf, j * sf : (j + tile_size) * sf]
                tile = self.decoder(tile_in)
                h, w = tile.shape[-2], tile.shape[-1]
                # blend tile result into output
                blend_mask_i = torch.ones_like(blend_masks[0]) if i == 0 else blend_masks[0]
                blend_mask_j = torch.ones_like(blend_masks[1]) if j == 0 else blend_masks[1]
                blend_mask = (blend_mask_i * blend_mask_j)[..., :h, :w]
                tile_out.copy_(blend_mask * tile + (1 - blend_mask) * tile_out)
        return out

    @apply_forward_hook
    def encode(self, x: torch.Tensor, return_dict: bool = True) -> Union[AutoencoderTinyOutput, Tuple[torch.Tensor]]:
        if self.use_slicing and x.shape[0] > 1:
            output = [
                self._tiled_encode(x_slice) if self.use_tiling else self.encoder(x_slice) for x_slice in x.split(1)
            ]
            output = torch.cat(output)
        else:
            output = self._tiled_encode(x) if self.use_tiling else self.encoder(x)

        if not return_dict:
            return (output,)

        return AutoencoderTinyOutput(latents=output)

    @apply_forward_hook
    def decode(
        self, x: torch.Tensor, generator: Optional[torch.Generator] = None, return_dict: bool = True
    ) -> Union[DecoderOutput, Tuple[torch.Tensor]]:
        if self.use_slicing and x.shape[0] > 1:
            output = [
                self._tiled_decode(x_slice) if self.use_tiling else self.decoder(x_slice) for x_slice in x.split(1)
            ]
            output = torch.cat(output)
        else:
            output = self._tiled_decode(x) if self.use_tiling else self.decoder(x)

        if not return_dict:
            return (output,)

        return DecoderOutput(sample=output)

    def forward(
        self,
        sample: torch.Tensor,
        return_dict: bool = True,
    ) -> Union[DecoderOutput, Tuple[torch.Tensor]]:
        r"""
        Args:
            sample (`torch.Tensor`): Input sample.
            return_dict (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                Whether or not to return a [`DecoderOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
        """
        enc = self.encode(sample).latents

        # scale latents to be in [0, 1], then quantize latents to a byte tensor,
        # as if we were storing the latents in an RGBA uint8 image.
        scaled_enc = self.scale_latents(enc).mul_(255).round_().byte()

        # unquantize latents back into [0, 1], then unscale latents back to their original range,
        # as if we were loading the latents from an RGBA uint8 image.
        unscaled_enc = self.unscale_latents(scaled_enc / 255.0)

        dec = self.decode(unscaled_enc).sample

        if not return_dict:
            return (dec,)
        return DecoderOutput(sample=dec)
