Adding Bytestream model (#10731)

Co-authored-by: Arun Kandoor <akandoor@google.com>

research/seq_flow_lite/input_fn_reader.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ from absl import logging
 
 import tensorflow as tf
 import tensorflow_datasets as tfds
+import tensorflow_text as tftext
 
 from layers import projection_layers # import seq_flow_lite module
 from utils import misc_utils # import seq_flow_lite module
@@ -61,7 +62,24 @@ def create_input_fn(runner_config, mode, drop_remainder):
     label = tf.reshape(label, [batch_size, num_classes])
     prxlayer = projection_layers.ProjectionLayer(model_config, mode)
     projection, seq_length = prxlayer(text)
-    return {"projection": projection, "seq_length": seq_length, "label": label}
+    gbst_max_token_len = max_seq_len
+    if "gbst_max_token_len" in model_config:
+      gbst_max_token_len = model_config["gbst_max_token_len"]
+    byte_int = tftext.ByteSplitter().split(text).to_tensor(
+        default_value=0, shape=[batch_size, gbst_max_token_len])
+    token_ids = tf.cast(byte_int, tf.int32)
+    token_len = tf.strings.length(text)
+    mask = tf.cast(
+        tf.sequence_mask(token_len, maxlen=gbst_max_token_len), tf.int32)
+    mask *= 3
+    token_ids += mask
+    return {
+        "projection": projection,
+        "seq_length": seq_length,
+        "token_ids": token_ids,
+        "token_len": token_len,
+        "label": label
+    }
 
   def _input_fn(params):
     """Method to be used for reading the data."""

research/seq_flow_lite/layers/BUILD

@@ -83,8 +83,11 @@ py_strict_library(
     srcs_version = "PY3",
     deps = [
         # package tensorflow
+        ":embedding_layers",
         "//layers:base_layers",  # sequence projection
+        "//layers:conv_layers",
         "//layers:dense_layers",  # sequence projection
+        "//layers:normalization_layers",
         "//layers:quantization_layers",  # sequence projection
     ],
 )
@@ -102,3 +105,14 @@ py_strict_library(
         "//tf_ops:tf_custom_ops_py",  # sequence projection
     ],
 )
+
+py_strict_library(
+    name = "embedding_layers",
+    srcs = ["embedding_layers.py"],
+    srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [
+        # package tensorflow
+        "//layers:base_layers",
+        "//layers:quantization_layers",
+    ],
+)

research/seq_flow_lite/layers/embedding_layers.py

+# Copyright 2020 The TensorFlow Authors All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""Layers for embedding."""
+import tensorflow as tf
+
+from layers import base_layers
+from layers import quantization_layers
+
+
+class EmbeddingLayer(base_layers.BaseLayer):
+  """Embedding layer."""
+
+  def __init__(self,
+               shape,
+               num_bits=8,
+               initializer=None,
+               trainable=True,
+               **kwargs):
+    self.shape = shape
+    self.quantizer = quantization_layers.ActivationQuantization(
+        num_bits=num_bits, **kwargs)
+    super(EmbeddingLayer, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+    if initializer is None:
+      initializer = tf.keras.initializers.GlorotUniform()
+    self.initializer = initializer
+    self.trainable = trainable
+
+  def build(self, input_shapes):
+    self.embedding_table = self.add_weight(
+        name="embedding_table",
+        shape=self.shape,
+        initializer=self.initializer,
+        trainable=self.trainable,
+        dtype=tf.float32)
+    if self.trainable:
+      self.add_reg_loss(self.embedding_table)
+
+  def call(self, indices):
+    assert indices.dtype in [tf.int64, tf.int32]
+    outputs = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(self.embedding_table, indices)
+    return self.quantizer(outputs)
+
+
+class EmbeddingFullyConnected(EmbeddingLayer):
+  """Uses embedding table as weights in a fully connected op."""
+
+  def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+    shape = kwargs.pop("shape", None)
+    initializer = kwargs.pop("initializer", None)
+    self.qoutput = quantization_layers.ActivationQuantization(**kwargs)
+    super(EmbeddingFullyConnected, self).__init__(
+        shape=shape, initializer=initializer, **kwargs)
+
+  def fully_connected(self, inputs, bias=None, weights_scale_factor=None):
+    # This method can only be called after a call to "call" method in this class
+    self._assert_rank_and_type(inputs, 2)
+    weights = self.embedding_table
+    if weights_scale_factor is not None:
+      weights = weights * weights_scale_factor
+    outputs = tf.matmul(inputs, weights, transpose_b=True)
+    if bias is not None:
+      outputs = tf.nn.bias_add(outputs, bias)
+    return self.qoutput(outputs)

research/seq_flow_lite/layers/misc_layers.py

@@ -14,10 +14,13 @@
 # ==============================================================================
 # Lint as: python3
 """Layers for embedding."""
+import math
 import tensorflow as tf
 
 from layers import base_layers # import seq_flow_lite module
+from layers import conv_layers
 from layers import dense_layers # import seq_flow_lite module
+from layers import embedding_layers
 from layers import quantization_layers # import seq_flow_lite module
 
 
@@ -92,3 +95,147 @@ class TreeInductionLayer(base_layers.BaseLayer):
       # seq_dim = tf.shape(result)[1]
       # result = tf.reshape(result, [1, seq_dim, seq_dim])
       return result
+
+
+class GBSTLayerV2(base_layers.BaseLayer):
+  """Tokenization layer."""
+
+  def __init__(self,
+               feature_size,
+               max_seq_len,
+               downsample_rate=2,
+               max_subword_block_width=4,
+               conv_kernel_size=5,
+               block_mixing_mode=None,
+               add_block_pos_embed=False,
+               **kwargs):
+    super(GBSTLayerV2, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+    self.feature_size = feature_size
+    self.max_seq_len = max_seq_len
+    self.downsample_rate = downsample_rate
+    self.subword_blocks_width = [1, 2, 3, 4]
+    self.max_subword_block_width = len(self.subword_blocks_width)
+    self.block_mixing_mode = block_mixing_mode
+
+    self.add_block_pos_embed = add_block_pos_embed
+    if self.add_block_pos_embed:
+      self.block_pos_embedding = embedding_layers.EmbeddingLayer(
+          shape=[self.max_subword_block_width, self.feature_size], **kwargs)
+    self.conv_kernel_size = conv_kernel_size
+    self.conv_layer = conv_layers.EncoderQConvolution(
+        filters=feature_size,
+        ksize=conv_kernel_size,
+        rank=3,
+        padding="VALID",
+        activation=None,
+        **kwargs)
+    padding = [conv_kernel_size - 1, 0]
+    self.zero_pad = tf.keras.layers.ZeroPadding1D(padding=padding)
+    self.block_attn = dense_layers.BaseQDense(
+        units=1,
+        rank=3,
+        activation=None,
+        normalize=False,
+        quantize_output=False,
+        **kwargs)
+    self.scores_concat = quantization_layers.ConcatQuantization(
+        axis=3, **kwargs)
+    self.attn_concat = quantization_layers.ConcatQuantization(axis=0, **kwargs)
+    self.qact = quantization_layers.ActivationQuantization(**kwargs)
+    self.qact_dot = quantization_layers.ActivationQuantization(**kwargs)
+    self.qoutput = quantization_layers.ActivationQuantization(**kwargs)
+
+  def call(self, inputs, seq_length):
+    """Performs downsampling on the character-scale input representation.
+
+    Based in principle on https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.12672.pdf.
+
+    Args:
+      inputs: float Tensor of shape [batch_size, seq_length, embedding_size].
+      seq_length: sequence length of shape [batch_size].
+
+    Returns:
+      <float>[batch_size, seq_length / downsample_rate, embedding_size].
+        Downsampled sequences.
+    """
+    self._assert_rank_and_type(inputs, 3)
+    bsz = self.get_batch_dimension(inputs)
+    max_seq_len = self.max_seq_len
+
+    if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+      num_steps = tf.shape(inputs)[1]
+
+    inputs = self.zero_pad(inputs)
+    inputs = self.conv_layer(inputs)
+
+    all_block_scores = []
+    all_sequences = []
+    for subword_len in self.subword_blocks_width:
+      if self.add_block_pos_embed:
+        block_pos_indices = tf.range(subword_len, dtype=tf.int32)
+        block_pos_indices = tf.reshape(block_pos_indices, [1, -1])
+        block_pos_embeds = self.block_pos_embedding(block_pos_indices)
+        tile_len = math.ceil(max_seq_len / float(subword_len))
+        retiled_block_pos_embeds = tf.repeat(block_pos_embeds, tile_len, axis=1)
+        inputs += retiled_block_pos_embeds
+      # For this block size, form candidate block embeddings and scores.
+      # candidates shape: [batch, seq_len/subword_len, dim]
+      # block_scores shape: [batch, seq_len/subword_len, 1]
+      candidates = tf.nn.avg_pool(
+          inputs, [subword_len], strides=[subword_len], padding="SAME")
+      candidates = self.conv_layer.quantize_using_output_range(candidates)
+
+      block_scores = self.block_attn(candidates)
+      # Upsample it back to the original sequence length.
+      retiled_seq = tf.repeat(candidates, subword_len, axis=1)
+      retiled_block_scores = tf.repeat(block_scores, subword_len, axis=1)
+
+      # Make sure everything is the right length and add new dimension to concat
+      # candidate blocks on.
+      if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+        retiled_block_scores = retiled_block_scores[:, :num_steps, :]
+        retiled_seq = retiled_seq[:, :num_steps, :]
+      else:
+        retiled_block_scores = retiled_block_scores[:, :max_seq_len, :]
+        retiled_seq = retiled_seq[:, :max_seq_len, :]
+      retiled_seq = tf.expand_dims(retiled_seq, axis=-1)
+      retiled_block_scores = tf.expand_dims(retiled_block_scores, axis=-1)
+      all_sequences.append(retiled_seq)
+      all_block_scores.append(retiled_block_scores)
+
+    block_net = self.scores_concat(all_block_scores)
+    if self.block_mixing_mode == "score_attention":
+      if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+        block_attn_steps = []
+        self.attn_concat(None)
+        for i in range(num_steps):
+          block_i = tf.reshape(block_net[:, i:i + 1, :, :], [1, -1])
+          block_attn_steps.append(tf.matmul(block_i, block_i, transpose_b=True))
+        block_attn = self.attn_concat(block_attn_steps)
+        block_attn = tf.reshape(block_attn, [bsz, -1, 1, 1])
+      else:
+        block_attn = self.attn_concat(
+            [tf.matmul(block_net, block_net, transpose_b=True)])
+
+      block_attn = tf.nn.softmax(block_attn, axis=1)
+      block_attn = self.qrange_sigmoid(block_attn, tf_only=True)
+      block_net_scaled = self.qact(block_attn * block_net)
+    else:
+      block_net_scaled = block_net
+
+    candidate_embeds = self.conv_layer.quantize_using_output_range(
+        tf.concat(all_sequences, axis=3))
+    dot_product = self.qact_dot(block_net_scaled * candidate_embeds)
+    output = self.qoutput(tf.reduce_mean(dot_product, axis=-1, keepdims=True))
+    output = tf.reshape(output, [bsz, -1, self.feature_size])
+
+    # Removing pad entries for inference mode.
+    if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+      output = output[:, :num_steps, :]
+    # Downsample by mean pooling.
+    if self.downsample_rate > 1:
+      output = tf.nn.avg_pool(
+          output, (self.downsample_rate,),
+          strides=(self.downsample_rate,),
+          padding="VALID")
+    return output

research/seq_flow_lite/models/BUILD

@@ -38,3 +38,19 @@ py_library(
         "//tf_ops:tf_custom_ops_py",  # sequence projection
     ],
 )
+
+py_library(
+    name = "byteqrnn",
+    srcs = ["byteqrnn.py"],
+    srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [
+        # package tensorflow
+        "//layers:base_layers",
+        "//layers:dense_layers",
+        "//layers:embedding_layers",
+        "//layers:misc_layers",
+        "//layers:qrnn_layers",
+        # //tf_ops:tf_custom_ops",
+        "//tf_ops:tf_custom_ops_py",
+    ],
+)

research/seq_flow_lite/models/byteqrnn.py

+# Copyright 2022 The TensorFlow Authors All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""ByteQRNN based model for in-training tokenization.
+
+Sample model params:
+
+"feature_size": 128,                  # Embedding size for each byte
+"gbst_max_token_len": 1024,           # Max sequence length of bytes in GBST
+"gbst_downsample_rate": 1,            # Downsample factor for GBST output
+"bottleneck_size": 128,               # Bottleneck size before feeding to QRNN
+"qrnn_state_size": 128,               # QRNN layer param
+"qrnn_kernel_width": 3,               # QRNN layer param
+"qrnn_zoneout_probability": 1e-2,     # QRNN layer param
+"distortion_probability": 0.25,       # QRNN layer param
+"number_qrnn_layers": 3,              # QRNN layer param
+"labels": [],                         # List of labels for getting num classes
+"regularizer_scale": 1e-5,            # L2 Regularization scale
+"quantize": true,                     # Enable quantization
+"multilabel": true,                   # If the output is Multilabel
+"""
+from absl import logging
+import tensorflow as tf
+
+from layers import base_layers
+from layers import dense_layers
+from layers import embedding_layers
+from layers import misc_layers
+from layers import qrnn_layers
+
+
+class Encoder(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
+  """Encoder with GBST and QRNN layers."""
+
+  def __init__(self, config, mode, **kwargs):
+    super(Encoder, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def _get_params(varname, default_value=None):
+      value = config.get(varname, default_value)
+      default = "" if varname in config else " (default)"
+      logging.info("%s = %s%s", varname, value, default)
+      setattr(self, varname, value)
+
+    _get_params("feature_size")
+    _get_params("bottleneck_size", self.feature_size)
+    _get_params("qrnn_state_size")
+    _get_params("qrnn_kernel_width", 3)
+    _get_params("qrnn_zoneout_probability")
+    _get_params("number_qrnn_layers")
+    _get_params("labels", [])
+    _get_params("regularizer_scale")
+    _get_params("quantize")
+    _get_params("gbst_max_token_len", 128)
+    _get_params("gbst_downsample_rate", 1)
+    _get_params("gbst_max_subword_block_width", 4)
+    _get_params("gbst_conv_kernel_size", 5)
+    _get_params("gbst_block_mixing_mode")
+    _get_params("gbst_add_block_pos_embed", False)
+    _get_params("attn_pool_output", True)
+
+    self.num_classes = len(config.get("labels", []))
+
+    self.parameters = base_layers.Parameters(
+        mode, quantize=self.quantize, regularizer_scale=self.regularizer_scale)
+    # Including 3 additional special token ids (0=padding, 1=EOS, 2=UNK).
+    self.vocabulary_size = 259
+    self.embedding = embedding_layers.EmbeddingLayer(
+        shape=[self.vocabulary_size, self.feature_size],
+        parameters=self.parameters)
+
+    self.bottleneck_layer = dense_layers.BaseQDenseVarLen(
+        units=self.bottleneck_size,
+        rank=3,
+        parameters=self.parameters)
+
+    self.gbst_layer = misc_layers.GBSTLayerV2(
+        feature_size=self.bottleneck_size,
+        max_seq_len=self.gbst_max_token_len,
+        downsample_rate=self.gbst_downsample_rate,
+        max_subword_block_width=self.gbst_max_subword_block_width,
+        conv_kernel_size=self.gbst_conv_kernel_size,
+        block_mixing_mode=self.gbst_block_mixing_mode,
+        add_block_pos_embed=self.gbst_add_block_pos_embed,
+        parameters=self.parameters)
+
+    self.qrnn_stack = qrnn_layers.QRNNBidirectionalStack(
+        parameters=self.parameters,
+        zoneout_probability=self.qrnn_zoneout_probability,
+        kwidth=self.qrnn_kernel_width,
+        state_size=self.qrnn_state_size,
+        num_layers=self.number_qrnn_layers)
+    self.attention_pool = misc_layers.AttentionPooling(
+        parameters=self.parameters)
+
+    if self.num_classes:
+      self.final_fc = dense_layers.BaseQDense(
+          units=self.num_classes,
+          rank=2,
+          parameters=self.parameters,
+          activation=None)
+
+  def call(self, token_ids, seq_length):
+    input_embeds = self.embedding(token_ids)
+    if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+      mask_rank2 = tf.ones(tf.shape(input_embeds)[:-1], dtype=tf.float32)
+      seq_length = tf.reduce_sum(mask_rank2, axis=1)
+    else:
+      mask_rank2 = tf.sequence_mask(
+          seq_length, tf.shape(input_embeds)[1], dtype=tf.float32)
+    maskr3 = tf.expand_dims(mask_rank2, axis=2)
+    gbst_input = self.bottleneck_layer(input_embeds, maskr3)
+    gbst_output = self.gbst_layer(gbst_input, seq_length)
+    if self.parameters.mode in [base_layers.PREDICT, base_layers.TFLITE]:
+      mask_rank2 = tf.ones(tf.shape(gbst_output)[:-1], dtype=tf.float32)
+      seq_length = tf.reduce_sum(mask_rank2, axis=1)
+    else:
+      seq_length = seq_length / self.gbst_downsample_rate
+    mask_rank2 = tf.sequence_mask(
+        seq_length, tf.shape(gbst_output)[1], dtype=tf.float32)
+    inverse_normalizer = tf.math.reciprocal(tf.reduce_sum(mask_rank2))
+    maskr3 = tf.expand_dims(mask_rank2, axis=2)
+    outputs = self.qrnn_stack(gbst_output, maskr3, inverse_normalizer)
+    if self.attn_pool_output:
+      pre_logits = self.attention_pool(outputs, maskr3, inverse_normalizer)
+      if self.num_classes:
+        return self.final_fc(pre_logits)
+      else:
+        return pre_logits
+    else:
+      return outputs
+

research/seq_flow_lite/trainer.py

@@ -51,7 +51,10 @@ def load_runner_config():
 def create_model(model, model_config, features, mode):
   """Creates a sequence labeling model."""
   keras_model = model.Encoder(model_config, mode)
+  if "pqrnn" in model_name:
     logits = keras_model(features["projection"], features["seq_length"])
+  else:
+    logits = keras_model(features["token_ids"], features["token_len"])
   if mode != tf.estimator.ModeKeys.PREDICT:
     if not model_config["multilabel"]:
       loss = tf.nn.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(