import inspect
from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Union

import torch
from PIL import Image
from retriever import Retriever, normalize_images, preprocess_images
from transformers import CLIPImageProcessor, CLIPModel, CLIPTokenizer

from diffusers import (
    AutoencoderKL,
    DDIMScheduler,
    DiffusionPipeline,
    DPMSolverMultistepScheduler,
    EulerAncestralDiscreteScheduler,
    EulerDiscreteScheduler,
    ImagePipelineOutput,
    LMSDiscreteScheduler,
    PNDMScheduler,
    UNet2DConditionModel,
)
from diffusers.image_processor import VaeImageProcessor
from diffusers.pipelines.pipeline_utils import StableDiffusionMixin
from diffusers.utils import logging
from diffusers.utils.torch_utils import randn_tensor


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)  # pylint: disable=invalid-name


class RDMPipeline(DiffusionPipeline, StableDiffusionMixin):
    r"""
    Pipeline for text-to-image generation using Retrieval Augmented Diffusion.

    This model inherits from [`DiffusionPipeline`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
    library implements for all the pipelines (such as downloading or saving, running on a particular device, etc.)

    Args:
        vae ([`AutoencoderKL`]):
            Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) Model to encode and decode images to and from latent representations.
        clip ([`CLIPModel`]):
            Frozen CLIP model. Retrieval Augmented Diffusion uses the CLIP model, specifically the
            [clip-vit-large-patch14](https://huggingface.co/openai/clip-vit-large-patch14) variant.
        tokenizer (`CLIPTokenizer`):
            Tokenizer of class
            [CLIPTokenizer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/v4.21.0/en/model_doc/clip#transformers.CLIPTokenizer).
        unet ([`UNet2DConditionModel`]): Conditional U-Net architecture to denoise the encoded image latents.
        scheduler ([`SchedulerMixin`]):
            A scheduler to be used in combination with `unet` to denoise the encoded image latents. Can be one of
            [`DDIMScheduler`], [`LMSDiscreteScheduler`], or [`PNDMScheduler`].
        feature_extractor ([`CLIPImageProcessor`]):
            Model that extracts features from generated images to be used as inputs for the `safety_checker`.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        vae: AutoencoderKL,
        clip: CLIPModel,
        tokenizer: CLIPTokenizer,
        unet: UNet2DConditionModel,
        scheduler: Union[
            DDIMScheduler,
            PNDMScheduler,
            LMSDiscreteScheduler,
            EulerDiscreteScheduler,
            EulerAncestralDiscreteScheduler,
            DPMSolverMultistepScheduler,
        ],
        feature_extractor: CLIPImageProcessor,
        retriever: Optional[Retriever] = None,
    ):
        super().__init__()
        self.register_modules(
            vae=vae,
            clip=clip,
            tokenizer=tokenizer,
            unet=unet,
            scheduler=scheduler,
            feature_extractor=feature_extractor,
        )
        # Copy from statement here and all the methods we take from stable_diffusion_pipeline
        self.vae_scale_factor = 2 ** (len(self.vae.config.block_out_channels) - 1) if getattr(self, "vae", None) else 8
        self.image_processor = VaeImageProcessor(vae_scale_factor=self.vae_scale_factor)
        self.retriever = retriever

    def _encode_prompt(self, prompt):
        # get prompt text embeddings
        text_inputs = self.tokenizer(
            prompt,
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=self.tokenizer.model_max_length,
            truncation=True,
            return_tensors="pt",
        )
        text_input_ids = text_inputs.input_ids

        if text_input_ids.shape[-1] > self.tokenizer.model_max_length:
            removed_text = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(text_input_ids[:, self.tokenizer.model_max_length :])
            logger.warning(
                "The following part of your input was truncated because CLIP can only handle sequences up to"
                f" {self.tokenizer.model_max_length} tokens: {removed_text}"
            )
            text_input_ids = text_input_ids[:, : self.tokenizer.model_max_length]
        prompt_embeds = self.clip.get_text_features(text_input_ids.to(self.device))
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds / torch.linalg.norm(prompt_embeds, dim=-1, keepdim=True)
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds[:, None, :]
        return prompt_embeds

    def _encode_image(self, retrieved_images, batch_size):
        if len(retrieved_images[0]) == 0:
            return None
        for i in range(len(retrieved_images)):
            retrieved_images[i] = normalize_images(retrieved_images[i])
            retrieved_images[i] = preprocess_images(retrieved_images[i], self.feature_extractor).to(
                self.clip.device, dtype=self.clip.dtype
            )
        _, c, h, w = retrieved_images[0].shape

        retrieved_images = torch.reshape(torch.cat(retrieved_images, dim=0), (-1, c, h, w))
        image_embeddings = self.clip.get_image_features(retrieved_images)
        image_embeddings = image_embeddings / torch.linalg.norm(image_embeddings, dim=-1, keepdim=True)
        _, d = image_embeddings.shape
        image_embeddings = torch.reshape(image_embeddings, (batch_size, -1, d))
        return image_embeddings

    def prepare_latents(self, batch_size, num_channels_latents, height, width, dtype, device, generator, latents=None):
        shape = (
            batch_size,
            num_channels_latents,
            int(height) // self.vae_scale_factor,
            int(width) // self.vae_scale_factor,
        )
        if isinstance(generator, list) and len(generator) != batch_size:
            raise ValueError(
                f"You have passed a list of generators of length {len(generator)}, but requested an effective batch"
                f" size of {batch_size}. Make sure the batch size matches the length of the generators."
            )

        if latents is None:
            latents = randn_tensor(shape, generator=generator, device=device, dtype=dtype)
        else:
            latents = latents.to(device)

        # scale the initial noise by the standard deviation required by the scheduler
        latents = latents * self.scheduler.init_noise_sigma
        return latents

    def retrieve_images(self, retrieved_images, prompt_embeds, knn=10):
        if self.retriever is not None:
            additional_images = self.retriever.retrieve_imgs_batch(prompt_embeds[:, 0].cpu(), knn).total_examples
            for i in range(len(retrieved_images)):
                retrieved_images[i] += additional_images[i][self.retriever.config.image_column]
        return retrieved_images

    @torch.no_grad()
    def __call__(
        self,
        prompt: Union[str, List[str]],
        retrieved_images: Optional[List[Image.Image]] = None,
        height: int = 768,
        width: int = 768,
        num_inference_steps: int = 50,
        guidance_scale: float = 7.5,
        num_images_per_prompt: Optional[int] = 1,
        eta: float = 0.0,
        generator: torch.Generator | None = None,
        latents: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        prompt_embeds: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        output_type: str | None = "pil",
        return_dict: bool = True,
        callback: Optional[Callable[[int, int, torch.Tensor], None]] = None,
        callback_steps: Optional[int] = 1,
        knn: Optional[int] = 10,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        r"""
        Function invoked when calling the pipeline for generation.

        Args:
            prompt (`str` or `List[str]`):
                The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation.
            height (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
                The height in pixels of the generated image.
            width (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
                The width in pixels of the generated image.
            num_inference_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 50):
                The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the
                expense of slower inference.
            guidance_scale (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 7.5):
                Guidance scale as defined in [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://huggingface.co/papers/2207.12598).
                `guidance_scale` is defined as `w` of equation 2. of [Imagen
                Paper](https://huggingface.co/papers/2205.11487). Guidance scale is enabled by setting `guidance_scale >
                1`. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text `prompt`,
                usually at the expense of lower image quality.
            num_images_per_prompt (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                The number of images to generate per prompt.
            eta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
                Corresponds to parameter eta (η) in the DDIM paper: https://huggingface.co/papers/2010.02502. Only applies to
                [`schedulers.DDIMScheduler`], will be ignored for others.
            generator (`torch.Generator`, *optional*):
                A [torch generator](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.Generator.html) to make generation
                deterministic.
            latents (`torch.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated noisy latents, sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image
                generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents
                tensor will be generated by sampling using the supplied random `generator`.
            prompt_embeds (`torch.Tensor`, *optional*):
                Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, *e.g.* prompt weighting. If not
                provided, text embeddings will be generated from `prompt` input argument.
            output_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"pil"`):
                The output format of the generate image. Choose between
                [PIL](https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/): `PIL.Image.Image` or `np.array`.
            return_dict (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
                Whether or not to return a [`~pipeline_utils.ImagePipelineOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
            callback (`Callable`, *optional*):
                A function that will be called every `callback_steps` steps during inference. The function will be
                called with the following arguments: `callback(step: int, timestep: int, latents: torch.Tensor)`.
            callback_steps (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
                The frequency at which the `callback` function will be called. If not specified, the callback will be
                called at every step.

        Returns:
            [`~pipeline_utils.ImagePipelineOutput`] or `tuple`: [`~pipelines.utils.ImagePipelineOutput`] if
            `return_dict` is True, otherwise a `tuple. When returning a tuple, the first element is a list with the
            generated images.
        """
        height = height or self.unet.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
        width = width or self.unet.config.sample_size * self.vae_scale_factor
        if isinstance(prompt, str):
            batch_size = 1
        elif isinstance(prompt, list):
            batch_size = len(prompt)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"`prompt` has to be of type `str` or `list` but is {type(prompt)}")
        if retrieved_images is not None:
            retrieved_images = [retrieved_images for _ in range(batch_size)]
        else:
            retrieved_images = [[] for _ in range(batch_size)]
        device = self._execution_device

        if height % 8 != 0 or width % 8 != 0:
            raise ValueError(f"`height` and `width` have to be divisible by 8 but are {height} and {width}.")

        if (callback_steps is None) or (
            callback_steps is not None and (not isinstance(callback_steps, int) or callback_steps <= 0)
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                f"`callback_steps` has to be a positive integer but is {callback_steps} of type"
                f" {type(callback_steps)}."
            )
        if prompt_embeds is None:
            prompt_embeds = self._encode_prompt(prompt)
        retrieved_images = self.retrieve_images(retrieved_images, prompt_embeds, knn=knn)
        image_embeddings = self._encode_image(retrieved_images, batch_size)
        if image_embeddings is not None:
            prompt_embeds = torch.cat([prompt_embeds, image_embeddings], dim=1)

        # duplicate text embeddings for each generation per prompt, using mps friendly method
        bs_embed, seq_len, _ = prompt_embeds.shape
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.repeat(1, num_images_per_prompt, 1)
        prompt_embeds = prompt_embeds.view(bs_embed * num_images_per_prompt, seq_len, -1)

        # here `guidance_scale` is defined analog to the guidance weight `w` of equation (2)
        # of the Imagen paper: https://huggingface.co/papers/2205.11487 . `guidance_scale = 1`
        # corresponds to doing no classifier free guidance.
        do_classifier_free_guidance = guidance_scale > 1.0
        # get unconditional embeddings for classifier free guidance
        if do_classifier_free_guidance:
            uncond_embeddings = torch.zeros_like(prompt_embeds).to(prompt_embeds.device)

            # For classifier free guidance, we need to do two forward passes.
            # Here we concatenate the unconditional and text embeddings into a single batch
            # to avoid doing two forward passes
            prompt_embeds = torch.cat([uncond_embeddings, prompt_embeds])
        # get the initial random noise unless the user supplied it
        num_channels_latents = self.unet.config.in_channels
        latents = self.prepare_latents(
            batch_size * num_images_per_prompt,
            num_channels_latents,
            height,
            width,
            prompt_embeds.dtype,
            device,
            generator,
            latents,
        )

        # set timesteps
        self.scheduler.set_timesteps(num_inference_steps)

        # Some schedulers like PNDM have timesteps as arrays
        # It's more optimized to move all timesteps to correct device beforehand
        timesteps_tensor = self.scheduler.timesteps.to(self.device)

        # prepare extra kwargs for the scheduler step, since not all schedulers have the same signature
        # eta (η) is only used with the DDIMScheduler, it will be ignored for other schedulers.
        # eta corresponds to η in DDIM paper: https://huggingface.co/papers/2010.02502
        # and should be between [0, 1]
        accepts_eta = "eta" in set(inspect.signature(self.scheduler.step).parameters.keys())
        extra_step_kwargs = {}
        if accepts_eta:
            extra_step_kwargs["eta"] = eta

        # check if the scheduler accepts generator
        accepts_generator = "generator" in set(inspect.signature(self.scheduler.step).parameters.keys())
        if accepts_generator:
            extra_step_kwargs["generator"] = generator

        for i, t in enumerate(self.progress_bar(timesteps_tensor)):
            # expand the latents if we are doing classifier free guidance
            latent_model_input = torch.cat([latents] * 2) if do_classifier_free_guidance else latents
            latent_model_input = self.scheduler.scale_model_input(latent_model_input, t)

            # predict the noise residual
            noise_pred = self.unet(latent_model_input, t, encoder_hidden_states=prompt_embeds).sample

            # perform guidance
            if do_classifier_free_guidance:
                noise_pred_uncond, noise_pred_text = noise_pred.chunk(2)
                noise_pred = noise_pred_uncond + guidance_scale * (noise_pred_text - noise_pred_uncond)

            # compute the previous noisy sample x_t -> x_t-1
            latents = self.scheduler.step(noise_pred, t, latents, **extra_step_kwargs).prev_sample

            # call the callback, if provided
            if callback is not None and i % callback_steps == 0:
                step_idx = i // getattr(self.scheduler, "order", 1)
                callback(step_idx, t, latents)
        if not output_type == "latent":
            image = self.vae.decode(latents / self.vae.config.scaling_factor, return_dict=False)[0]
        else:
            image = latents

        image = self.image_processor.postprocess(
            image, output_type=output_type, do_denormalize=[True] * image.shape[0]
        )

        # Offload last model to CPU
        if hasattr(self, "final_offload_hook") and self.final_offload_hook is not None:
            self.final_offload_hook.offload()

        if not return_dict:
            return (image,)

        return ImagePipelineOutput(images=image)
