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<h1 style="text-align: center;">verl: Volcano Engine Reinforcement Learning for LLMs</h1>
[![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/volcengine/verl)](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/stargazers)
![GitHub forks](https://img.shields.io/github/forks/volcengine/verl)
[![Twitter](https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/verl_project)](https://twitter.com/verl_project)
<a href="https://join.slack.com/t/verlgroup/shared_invite/zt-2w5p9o4c3-yy0x2Q56s_VlGLsJ93A6vA"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Slack-verl-blueviolet?logo=slack&amp"></a>
<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.19256"><img src="https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=EuroSys&message=Paper&color=red"></a>
![GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/volcengine/verl)
[![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/documentation-blue)](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
<a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eric-haibin-lin/verl-community/refs/heads/main/WeChat.JPG"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/微信-green?logo=wechat&amp"></a>
verl is a flexible, efficient and production-ready RL training library for large language models (LLMs).
verl is the open-source version of **[HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.19256v2)** paper.
verl is flexible and easy to use with:
- **Easy extension of diverse RL algorithms**: The hybrid-controller programming model enables flexible representation and efficient execution of complex Post-Training dataflows. Build RL dataflows such as GRPO, PPO in a few lines of code.
- **Seamless integration of existing LLM infra with modular APIs**: Decouples computation and data dependencies, enabling seamless integration with existing LLM frameworks, such as FSDP, Megatron-LM, vLLM, SGLang, etc
- **Flexible device mapping**: Supports various placement of models onto different sets of GPUs for efficient resource utilization and scalability across different cluster sizes.
- Ready integration with popular HuggingFace models
verl is fast with:
- **State-of-the-art throughput**: SOTA LLM training and inference engine integrations and SOTA RL throughput.
- **Efficient actor model resharding with 3D-HybridEngine**: Eliminates memory redundancy and significantly reduces communication overhead during transitions between training and generation phases.
</p>
## News
- [2025/05] verl will be presented at [GOSIM x PyTorch Day 2025](https://paris2025.gosim.org/). See you in Paris!
- [2025/04] We will give a tutorial about latest post-training techniques and programming guide for verl at [ICLR 2025](https://iclr.cc/virtual/2025/calendar?filter_events=Expo+Talk+Panel&filter_rooms=). See you in Singapore!
- [2025/03] verl v0.3.0.post1 is released! See [release note](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/releases/) for details.
- [2025/03] [DAPO](https://dapo-sia.github.io/) is the open-sourced SOTA RL algorithm that achieves 50 points on AIME 2024 based on the Qwen2.5-32B pre-trained model, surpassing the previous SOTA achieved by DeepSeek's GRPO (DeepSeek-R1-Zero-Qwen-32B). DAPO's training is fully powered by verl and the reproduction code is [publicly available](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/tree/gm-tyx/puffin/main/recipe/dapo) now.
- [2025/03] We introduced the programming model of verl at the [vLLM Beijing Meetup](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/n77GibL2corAtQHtVEAzfg) and [verl intro and updates](https://github.com/eric-haibin-lin/verl-community/blob/main/slides/verl-lmsys-meetup.pdf) at the [SGLang-LMSYS Org Meetup](https://lu.ma/ntjrr7ig) in Sunnyvale mid-March.
<details><summary> more... </summary>
<ul>
<li>[2025/02] verl v0.2.0.post2 is released!</li>
<li>[2025/01] [Doubao-1.5-pro](https://team.doubao.com/zh/special/doubao_1_5_pro) is released with SOTA-level performance on LLM & VLM. The RL scaling preview model is trained using verl, reaching OpenAI O1-level performance on math benchmarks (70.0 pass@1 on AIME).</li>
<li>[2025/03] We will present verl(HybridFlow) at EuroSys 2025. See you in Rotterdam!</li>
<li>[2025/02] We presented verl in the <a href="https://lu.ma/ji7atxux">Bytedance/NVIDIA/Anyscale Ray Meetup</a>. See you in San Jose!</li>
<li>[2024/12] verl is presented at Ray Forward 2024. Slides available <a href="https://github.com/eric-haibin-lin/verl-community/blob/main/slides/Ray_Forward_2024_%E5%B7%AB%E9%94%A1%E6%96%8C.pdf">here</a></li>
<li>[2024/10] verl is presented at Ray Summit. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrhMcXkXvJU&list=PLzTswPQNepXntmT8jr9WaNfqQ60QwW7-U&index=37">Youtube video</a> available.</li>
<li>[2024/12] The team presented <a href="https://neurips.cc/Expo/Conferences/2024/workshop/100677">Post-training LLMs: From Algorithms to Infrastructure</a> at NeurIPS 2024. <a href="https://github.com/eric-haibin-lin/verl-data/tree/neurips">Slides</a> and <a href="https://neurips.cc/Expo/Conferences/2024/workshop/100677">video</a> available.</li>
<li>[2024/08] HybridFlow (verl) is accepted to EuroSys 2025.</li>
</ul>
</details>
## Key Features
- **FSDP** and **Megatron-LM** for training.
- **vLLM**, **SGLang** and **HF Transformers** for rollout generation.
- Compatible with Hugging Face Transformers and Modelscope Hub: Qwen-2.5, Llama3.1, Gemma2, DeepSeek-LLM, etc
- Supervised fine-tuning.
- Reinforcement learning with [PPO](examples/ppo_trainer/), [GRPO](examples/grpo_trainer/), [ReMax](examples/remax_trainer/), [REINFORCE++](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/config.html#algorithm), [RLOO](examples/rloo_trainer/), [PRIME](recipe/prime/), etc.
- Support model-based reward and function-based reward (verifiable reward)
- Support vision-language models (VLMs) and [multi-modal RL](examples/grpo_trainer/run_qwen2_5_vl-7b.sh)
- Flash attention 2, [sequence packing](examples/ppo_trainer/run_qwen2-7b_seq_balance.sh), [sequence parallelism](examples/ppo_trainer/run_deepseek7b_llm_sp2.sh) support via DeepSpeed Ulysses, [LoRA](examples/sft/gsm8k/run_qwen_05_peft.sh), [Liger-kernel](examples/sft/gsm8k/run_qwen_05_sp2_liger.sh).
- Scales up to 70B models and hundreds of GPUs.
- Experiment tracking with wandb, swanlab, mlflow and tensorboard.
## Upcoming Features
- Roadmap https://github.com/volcengine/verl/issues/710
- DeepSeek 671b optimizations with Megatron v0.11 https://github.com/volcengine/verl/issues/708
- Multi-turn rollout optimizations
- Environment interactions
## Getting Started
<a href="https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html"><b>Documentation</b></a>
**Quickstart:**
- [Installation](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/start/install.html)
- [Quickstart](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/start/quickstart.html)
- [Programming Guide](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hybrid_flow.html)
**Running a PPO example step-by-step:**
- Data and Reward Preparation
- [Prepare Data for Post-Training](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/preparation/prepare_data.html)
- [Implement Reward Function for Dataset](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/preparation/reward_function.html)
- Understanding the PPO Example
- [PPO Example Architecture](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/ppo_code_architecture.html)
- [Config Explanation](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/config.html)
- [Run GSM8K Example](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/gsm8k_example.html)
**Reproducible algorithm baselines:**
- [PPO, GRPO, ReMax](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/experiment/ppo.html)
**For code explanation and advance usage (extension):**
- PPO Trainer and Workers
- [PPO Ray Trainer](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/workers/ray_trainer.html)
- [PyTorch FSDP Backend](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/workers/fsdp_workers.html)
- [Megatron-LM Backend](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html)
- Advance Usage and Extension
- [Ray API design tutorial](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advance/placement.html)
- [Extend to Other RL(HF) algorithms](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advance/dpo_extension.html)
- [Add Models with the FSDP Backend](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advance/fsdp_extension.html)
- [Add Models with the Megatron-LM Backend](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advance/megatron_extension.html)
- [Deployment using Separate GPU Resources](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/tree/main/examples/split_placement)
**Blogs from the community**
- [使用verl进行GRPO分布式强化学习训练最佳实践](https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6459/1463942)
- [HybridFlow veRL 原文浅析](https://github.com/zhaochenyang20/Awesome-ML-SYS-Tutorial/blob/main/rlhf/verl/readme.md)
- [最高提升20倍吞吐量！豆包大模型团队发布全新 RLHF 框架，现已开源！](https://team.doubao.com/en/blog/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%8F%90%E5%8D%8720%E5%80%8D%E5%90%9E%E5%90%90%E9%87%8F-%E8%B1%86%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E5%9B%A2%E9%98%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E5%85%A8%E6%96%B0-rlhf-%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6-%E7%8E%B0%E5%B7%B2%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90)
## Performance Tuning Guide
The performance is essential for on-policy RL algorithm. We have written a detailed [performance tuning guide](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/perf/perf_tuning.html) to help you optimize performance.
## Upgrade to vLLM v0.8.2
verl now supports vLLM>=0.8.2 when using FSDP as the training backend. Please refer to [this document](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/docs/README_vllm0.8.md) for the installation guide and more information. Please avoid vllm 0.7.x, which contains bugs that may lead to OOMs and unexpected errors.
## Use Latest SGLang
SGLang is fully supported with verl, and SGLang RL Group is working extensively on building unique features, including multi-turn agentic RL, VLM RLHF, server-based RL, and partial rollout. Please refer to [this document](https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/workers/sglang_worker.html) for the installation guide and more information.
## Citation and acknowledgement
If you find the project helpful, please cite:
- [HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.19256v2)
- [A Framework for Training Large Language Models for Code Generation via Proximal Policy Optimization](https://i.cs.hku.hk/~cwu/papers/gmsheng-NL2Code24.pdf)
```bibtex
@article{sheng2024hybridflow,
title = {HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework},
author = {Guangming Sheng and Chi Zhang and Zilingfeng Ye and Xibin Wu and Wang Zhang and Ru Zhang and Yanghua Peng and Haibin Lin and Chuan Wu},
year = {2024},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv: 2409.19256}
}
```
verl is inspired by the design of Nemo-Aligner, Deepspeed-chat and OpenRLHF. The project is adopted and contributed by Bytedance, Anyscale, LMSys.org, [Alibaba Qwen team](https://github.com/QwenLM/), Shanghai AI Lab, Tsinghua University, UC Berkeley, UCLA, UIUC, University of Hong Kong, ke.com, [All Hands AI](https://www.all-hands.dev/), [ModelBest](http://modelbest.cn/), [OpenPipe](https://openpipe.ai/), JD AI Lab, Microsoft Research, [StepFun](https://www.stepfun.com/), Amazon, Linkedin, Meituan, [Camel-AI](https://www.camel-ai.org/), [OpenManus](https://github.com/OpenManus), [Prime Intellect](https://www.primeintellect.ai/), NVIDIA research, [Baichuan](https://www.baichuan-ai.com/home), and many more.
## Awesome work using verl
- [TinyZero](https://github.com/Jiayi-Pan/TinyZero): a reproduction of **DeepSeek R1 Zero** recipe for reasoning tasks ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/Jiayi-Pan/TinyZero)
- [DAPO](https://dapo-sia.github.io/): the fully open source SOTA RL algorithm that beats DeepSeek-R1-zero-32B ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/volcengine/verl)
- [SkyThought](https://github.com/NovaSky-AI/SkyThought): RL training for Sky-T1-7B by NovaSky AI team. ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/NovaSky-AI/SkyThought)
- [simpleRL-reason](https://github.com/hkust-nlp/simpleRL-reason): SimpleRL-Zoo: Investigating and Taming Zero Reinforcement Learning for Open Base Models in the Wild ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/hkust-nlp/simpleRL-reason)
- [Easy-R1](https://github.com/hiyouga/EasyR1): **Multi-modal** RL training framework ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/hiyouga/EasyR1)
- [OpenManus-RL](https://github.com/OpenManus/OpenManus-RL): LLM Agents RL tunning framework for multiple agent environments. ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/OpenManus/OpenManus-RL)
- [deepscaler](https://github.com/agentica-project/rllm/tree/deepscaler): iterative context scaling with GRPO ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/agentica-project/deepscaler)
- [rllm](https://github.com/agentica-project/rllm): async RL training with [verl-pipeline](https://github.com/agentica-project/verl-pipeline) ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/agentica-project/rllm)
- [PRIME](https://github.com/PRIME-RL/PRIME): Process reinforcement through implicit rewards ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/PRIME-RL/PRIME)
- [RAGEN](https://github.com/ZihanWang314/ragen): a general-purpose reasoning **agent** training framework ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/ZihanWang314/ragen)
- [Logic-RL](https://github.com/Unakar/Logic-RL): a reproduction of DeepSeek R1 Zero on 2K Tiny Logic Puzzle Dataset. ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/Unakar/Logic-RL)
- [Search-R1](https://github.com/PeterGriffinJin/Search-R1): RL with reasoning and **searching (tool-call)** interleaved LLMs ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/PeterGriffinJin/Search-R1)
- [ReSearch](https://github.com/Agent-RL/ReSearch): Learning to **Re**ason with **Search** for LLMs via Reinforcement Learning ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/Agent-RL/ReSearch)
- [DeepRetrieval](https://github.com/pat-jj/DeepRetrieval): Hacking **Real Search Engines** and **retrievers** with LLMs via RL for **information retrieval** ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/pat-jj/DeepRetrieval)
- [Code-R1](https://github.com/ganler/code-r1): Reproducing R1 for **Code** with Reliable Rewards ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/ganler/code-r1)
- [Skywork-OR1](https://github.com/SkyworkAI/Skywork-OR1): Skywork open reaonser series ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/SkyworkAI/Skywork-OR1)
- [ToRL](https://github.com/GAIR-NLP/ToRL): Scaling tool-integrated RL ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/GAIR-NLP/ToRL)
- [cognitive-behaviors](https://github.com/kanishkg/cognitive-behaviors): Cognitive Behaviors that Enable Self-Improving Reasoners, or, Four Habits of Highly Effective STaRs ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/kanishkg/cognitive-behaviors)
- [PURE](https://github.com/CJReinforce/PURE): **Credit assignment** is the key to successful reinforcement fine-tuning using **process reward model** ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/CJReinforce/PURE)
- [MetaSpatial](https://github.com/PzySeere/MetaSpatial): Reinforcing **3D Spatial Reasoning** in **VLMs** for the **Metaverse** ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/PzySeere/MetaSpatial)
- [DeepEnlighten](https://github.com/DolbyUUU/DeepEnlighten): Reproduce R1 with **social reasoning** tasks and analyze key findings ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/DolbyUUU/DeepEnlighten)
- [DeepResearcher](https://github.com/GAIR-NLP/DeepResearcher): Scaling deep research via reinforcement learning in real-world environments ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/GAIR-NLP/DeepResearcher)
- [self-rewarding-reasoning-LLM](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.19613): self-rewarding and correction with **generative reward models** ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/RLHFlow/Self-rewarding-reasoning-LLM)
- [critic-rl](https://github.com/HKUNLP/critic-rl): LLM critics for code generation ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/HKUNLP/critic-rl)
- [VAGEN](https://github.com/RAGEN-AI/VAGEN): Training VLM agents with multi-turn reinforcement learning ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/RAGEN-AI/VAGEN)
- [AdaRFT](https://github.com/uscnlp-lime/verl): Efficient Reinforcement Finetuning via **Adaptive Curriculum Learning** ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/uscnlp-lime/verl)
- [Trust Region Preference Approximation](https://github.com/XueruiSu/Trust-Region-Preference-Approximation): A simple and stable **reinforcement learning algorithm** for LLM reasoning. ![GitHub Repo stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/XueruiSu/Trust-Region-Preference-Approximation)
- [DQO](https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.09302): Enhancing multi-Step reasoning abilities of language models through direct Q-function optimization
- [FIRE](https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.21236): Flaming-hot initiation with regular execution sampling for large language models
- [Rec-R1](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.24289): Bridging Generative Large Language Models and Recommendation Systems via Reinforcement Learning
- [all-hands/openhands-lm-32b-v0.1](https://www.all-hands.dev/blog/introducing-openhands-lm-32b----a-strong-open-coding-agent-model): A strong, open coding agent model, trained with [multi-turn fine-tuning](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/pull/195)
## Contribution Guide
Contributions from the community are welcome! Please check out our [project roadmap](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/issues/710) and [good first issues](https://github.com/volcengine/verl/issues?q=is%3Aissue%20state%3Aopen%20label%3A%22good%20first%20issue%22) to see where you can contribute.
### Code formatting
We use yapf (Google style) to enforce strict code formatting when reviewing PRs. To reformat your code locally, make sure you have installed the **latest** version of `yapf`
```bash
pip3 install yapf --upgrade
```
Then, make sure you are at top level of verl repo and run
```bash
bash scripts/format.sh
```
### Adding CI tests
If possible, please add CI test(s) for your new feature:
1. Find the most relevant workflow yml file, which usually corresponds to a `hydra` default config (e.g. `ppo_trainer`, `ppo_megatron_trainer`, `sft_trainer`, etc).
2. Add related path patterns to the `paths` section if not already included.
3. Minimize the workload of the test script(s) (see existing scripts for examples).
---
We are HIRING! Send us an [email](mailto:haibin.lin@bytedance.com) if you are interested in internship/FTE opportunities in MLSys/LLM reasoning/multimodal alignment.
\ No newline at end of file
docker/Dockerfile.megatron 0 → 100644
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FROM hiyouga/verl:ngc-th2.6.0-cu120-vllm0.8.2
# Define environments
ENV MAX_JOBS=64
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y aria2
# 1. Reinstall CUDA 12.4
RUN aria2c https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2204/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu2204.pin && \
mv cuda-ubuntu2204.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600
RUN aria2c --always-resume=true --max-tries=99999 https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.4.1/local_installers/cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-4-local_12.4.1-550.54.15-1_amd64.deb
RUN dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-4-local_12.4.1-550.54.15-1_amd64.deb
RUN cp /var/cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-4-local/cuda-*-keyring.gpg /usr/share/keyrings/
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get -y install cuda-toolkit-12-4
RUN rm cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-4-local_12.4.1-550.54.15-1_amd64.deb
RUN update-alternatives --set cuda /usr/local/cuda-12.4
# 2. Reinstall Flash attn 2.7.3
RUN pip uninstall -y flash-attn && \
wget -nv https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/releases/download/v2.7.3/flash_attn-2.7.3+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl && \
pip install --no-cache-dir flash_attn-2.7.3+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl && \
rm flash_attn-2.7.3+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl
# 3. Install Apex
RUN git clone https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex.git && \
cd apex && \
pip install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation --config-settings "--build-option=--cpp_ext" --config-settings "--build-option=--cuda_ext" ./
# 4. Install TransformerEngine
RUN export NVTE_FRAMEWORK=pytorch && pip3 install --no-deps git+https://github.com/NVIDIA/TransformerEngine.git@v2.0
# 5. Install Megatron-LM
RUN pip3 install git+https://github.com/NVIDIA/Megatron-LM.git@v0.11.0
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# docker buildx build --platform linux/x86_64 -t "verlai/verl:ngc-th2.4.0-cu124-vllm0.6.3-ray2.4-te1.7-v0.0.6" -f docker/Dockerfile.ngc.vllm . --builder cloud-verlai-verl-builder --progress=plain --push
FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:24.05-py3
# uninstall nv-pytorch fork
RUN pip3 uninstall pytorch-quantization \
pytorch-triton \
torch \
torch-tensorrt \
torchvision \
xgboost transformer_engine flash_attn \
apex megatron-core -y
RUN pip3 install torch==2.4.0 torchvision==0.19.0 torchaudio==2.4.0 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu124
# =============== Megatron dependencies (optional) =================
# install apex, set MAX_JOBS to avoid OOMs
RUN MAX_JOBS=4 pip3 install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation \
--config-settings "--build-option=--cpp_ext" --config-settings "--build-option=--cuda_ext" \
git+https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
# =============== End of Megatron dependencies (optional) =================
RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir \
accelerate \
codetiming \
datasets \
dill \
hydra-core \
numpy \
'pandas' \
'peft' \
'pyarrow>=15.0.0' \
'pybind11' \
'pylatexenc' \
'ray>=2.10' \
'tensordict<0.6' \
'transformers' \
'vllm==0.6.3.post1' \
'wandb'
# full dependencies
RUN pip3 install pytest yapf py-spy pyext liger-kernel
# =============== Megatron dependencies (optional) =================
# install Transformer Engine, which requires FA 2.5.8. Do it in a separate step for docker cache
RUN MAX_JOBS=4 NINJA_FLAGS="-j4" pip3 install flash-attn==2.5.8 --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation
RUN MAX_JOBS=1 NINJA_FLAGS="-j1" TE_BUILD_WITH_NINJA=0 pip3 install git+https://github.com/eric-haibin-lin/TransformerEngine.git@v1.7.0
# =============== End of Megatron dependencies (optional) =================
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# Start from the NVIDIA official image (ubuntu-22.04 + cuda-12.6 + python-3.10)
# https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/pytorch-release-notes/rel-24-08.html
FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:24.08-py3
# Define environments
ENV MAX_JOBS=32
ENV VLLM_WORKER_MULTIPROC_METHOD=spawn
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ENV NODE_OPTIONS=""
ENV PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION=ignore
ENV HF_HUB_ENABLE_HF_TRANSFER="1"
# Define installation arguments
ARG APT_SOURCE=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
ARG PIP_INDEX=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
# Set apt source
RUN cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak && \
{ \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse"; \
} > /etc/apt/sources.list
# Install systemctl
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" systemd && \
apt-get clean
# Install tini
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y tini && \
apt-get clean
# Change pip source
RUN pip config set global.index-url "${PIP_INDEX}" && \
pip config set global.extra-index-url "${PIP_INDEX}" && \
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
# Uninstall nv-pytorch fork
RUN pip uninstall -y torch torchvision torchaudio \
pytorch-quantization pytorch-triton torch-tensorrt \
xgboost transformer_engine flash_attn apex megatron-core grpcio
# Install torch-2.6.0+cu124 + vllm-0.8.3
# torch-2.6.0+cu124: cxx11abi=False
# torch-2.6.0+cu126: cxx11abi=True
# see https://github.com/flashinfer-ai/flashinfer/issues/911
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir "vllm==0.8.3" "torch==2.6.0" "torchvision==0.21.0" "torchaudio==2.6.0" "tensordict==0.6.2" torchdata \
"transformers[hf_xet]>=4.51.0" accelerate datasets peft hf-transfer \
"numpy<2.0.0" "pyarrow>=15.0.0" pandas \
ray[default] codetiming hydra-core pylatexenc qwen-vl-utils wandb dill pybind11 liger-kernel mathruler \
pytest yapf py-spy pyext pre-commit ruff
# Install flash-attn-2.7.4.post1 (cxx11abi=False)
RUN wget -nv https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/releases/download/v2.7.4.post1/flash_attn-2.7.4.post1+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl && \
pip install --no-cache-dir flash_attn-2.7.4.post1+cu12torch2.6cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl
# Install flashinfer-0.2.2.post1+cu124 (cxx11abi=False)
# vllm-0.8.3 does not support flashinfer>=0.2.3
# see https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/15777
RUN wget -nv https://github.com/flashinfer-ai/flashinfer/releases/download/v0.2.2.post1/flashinfer_python-0.2.2.post1+cu124torch2.6-cp38-abi3-linux_x86_64.whl && \
pip install --no-cache-dir flashinfer_python-0.2.2.post1+cu124torch2.6-cp38-abi3-linux_x86_64.whl
# Fix packages
RUN pip uninstall -y pynvml nvidia-ml-py && \
pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade "nvidia-ml-py>=12.560.30" "fastapi[standard]>=0.115.0" "optree>=0.13.0" "pydantic>=2.9" "grpcio>=1.62.1"
# Install verl
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir verl[vllm] -U
# Reset pip config
RUN pip config unset global.index-url && \
pip config unset global.extra-index-url
docker/Dockerfile.ngc.vllm0.8.sagemaker 0 → 100644
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# Using a pre-built image from AWS DLC which contains the current version of python (3.10) and supported cuda version (12.1)
FROM 763104351884.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/huggingface-pytorch-training:2.1.0-transformers4.36.0-gpu-py310-cu121-ubuntu20.04
# uninstall nv-pytorch fork
RUN pip3 uninstall -y pytorch-quantization \
pytorch-triton torch torch-tensorrt torchvision \
xgboost transformer_engine flash_attn apex megatron-core
# Define environments
ENV MAX_JOBS=32
ENV VLLM_WORKER_MULTIPROC_METHOD=spawn
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ENV NODE_OPTIONS=""
ENV HF_HUB_ENABLE_HF_TRANSFER="1"
# Install systemctl
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" systemd && \
apt-get clean
# Install tini
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y tini && \
apt-get clean
# Install torch-2.6.0 + vllm-0.8.2
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir vllm==0.8.2 torch==2.6.0 torchvision==0.21.0 torchaudio==2.6.0 tensordict torchdata==0.11.0 \
transformers>=4.49.0 accelerate datasets peft hf-transfer \
ray[default] codetiming hydra-core pandas pyarrow>=15.0.0 pylatexenc qwen-vl-utils wandb dill pybind11 liger-kernel mathruler \
pytest yapf py-spy pyext pre-commit ruff
# Install flash_attn-2.7.4.post1
RUN pip uninstall -y transformer-engine flash-attn && \
pip install flash-attn==2.7.4.post1 --no-build-isolation
# Fix cv2
RUN pip uninstall -y pynvml nvidia-ml-py && \
pip install --no-cache-dir nvidia-ml-py>=12.560.30 opencv-python-headless==4.8.0.74 fastapi==0.115.6 && \
pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade optree>=0.13.0
# Install verl
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir verl[vllm] -U
# Reset pip config
RUN pip config unset global.index-url && \
pip config unset global.extra-index-url
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# Build the docker in the repo dir:
# docker build -f docker/Dockerfile.rocm -t verl-rocm:03.04.2015 .
# docker images # you can find your built docker
FROM rocm/vllm:rocm6.2_mi300_ubuntu20.04_py3.9_vllm_0.6.4
# Set working directory
# WORKDIR $PWD/app
# Set environment variables
ENV PYTORCH_ROCM_ARCH="gfx90a;gfx942"
# Install vllm
RUN pip uninstall -y vllm && \
rm -rf vllm && \
git clone -b v0.6.3 https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm.git && \
cd vllm && \
MAX_JOBS=$(nproc) python3 setup.py install && \
cd .. && \
rm -rf vllm
# Copy the entire project directory
COPY . .
# Install dependencies
RUN pip install "tensordict<0.6" --no-deps && \
pip install accelerate \
codetiming \
datasets \
dill \
hydra-core \
liger-kernel \
numpy \
pandas \
peft \
"pyarrow>=15.0.0" \
pylatexenc \
"ray[data,train,tune,serve]" \
torchdata \
transformers \
wandb \
orjson \
pybind11 && \
pip install -e . --no-deps
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# Start from the NVIDIA official image (ubuntu-22.04 + python-3.10)
# https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/pytorch-release-notes/rel-24-08.html
FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:24.08-py3
# Define environments
ENV MAX_JOBS=32
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ENV NODE_OPTIONS=""
# Define installation arguments
ARG APT_SOURCE=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/
# Set apt source
RUN cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak && \
{ \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse"; \
echo "deb ${APT_SOURCE} jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse"; \
} > /etc/apt/sources.list
# Install systemctl
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" systemd && \
apt-get clean
# Install tini
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y tini && \
apt-get clean
# Change pip source
ARG PIP_INDEX=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
RUN pip config set global.index-url "${PIP_INDEX}" && \
pip config set global.extra-index-url "${PIP_INDEX}" && \
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
# Install sglang-0.4.4.post4 and torch-memory-saver
RUN pip install "sglang[all]==0.4.4.post4" --no-cache-dir --find-links https://flashinfer.ai/whl/cu124/torch2.5/flashinfer-python && pip install torch-memory-saver --no-cache-dir
# Install torch-2.5.1
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir torch==2.5.1 torchvision==0.20.1 torchaudio==2.5.1 tensordict torchdata \
transformers>=4.49.0 accelerate datasets peft hf_transfer \
ray codetiming hydra-core pandas pyarrow>=15.0.0 pylatexenc qwen-vl-utils wandb liger-kernel \
pytest yapf py-spy pyext
# Install flash_attn-2.7.4.post1
RUN pip uninstall -y transformer-engine flash-attn && \
wget -v https://ghfast.top/https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/releases/download/v2.7.4.post1/flash_attn-2.7.4.post1+cu12torch2.5cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl && \
pip install --no-cache-dir flash_attn-2.7.4.post1+cu12torch2.5cxx11abiFALSE-cp310-cp310-linux_x86_64.whl
# Fix cv2
RUN pip uninstall -y pynvml nvidia-ml-py && \
pip install --no-cache-dir nvidia-ml-py>=12.560.30 opencv-python-headless==4.8.0.74 fastapi==0.115.6
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docker/Dockerfile.vemlp.vllm.te 0 → 100644
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# docker buildx build --platform linux/x86_64 -t "verlai/verl:$TAG" -f docker/$FILE .
# the one in docker.io is an alias for the one veturbo
# FROM vemlp-cn-beijing.cr.volces.com/veturbo/pytorch:2.4-cu124
FROM docker.io/haibinlin/verl:v0.0.5-th2.4.0-cu124-base
# only config pip index with https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple if needed
# unset for now
RUN pip3 config unset global.index-url
# transformers 4.47.0 contains the following bug:
# AttributeError: 'Gemma2Attention' object has no attribute '_flash_attn_uses_top_left_mask'
RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir \
torch==2.4.0 \
accelerate \
codetiming \
dill \
hydra-core \
numpy \
pybind11 \
tensordict \
"transformers <= 4.46.0"
RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir flash-attn==2.7.0.post2 --no-build-isolation
# vllm depends on ray, and veRL does not support ray > 2.37
RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir vllm==0.6.3 ray==2.10
# install apex
RUN MAX_JOBS=4 pip3 install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation \
--config-settings "--build-option=--cpp_ext" --config-settings "--build-option=--cuda_ext" \
git+https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
# install Transformer Engine
# - flash-attn pinned to 2.5.3 by TransformerEngine, switch to eric-haibin-lin/TransformerEngine.git@v1.7.0 to relax version req
# - install with: MAX_JOBS=1 NINJA_FLAGS="-j1" TE_BUILD_WITH_NINJA=0 to avoid OOM
# - cudnn is required by TransformerEngine
# RUN CUDNN_PATH=/opt/conda/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia/cudnn \
# pip3 install git+https://github.com/eric-haibin-lin/TransformerEngine.git@v1.7.0
RUN MAX_JOBS=1 NINJA_FLAGS="-j1" pip3 install flash-attn==2.5.3 --no-cache-dir --no-build-isolation
RUN MAX_JOBS=1 NINJA_FLAGS="-j1" pip3 install git+https://github.com/NVIDIA/TransformerEngine.git@v1.7
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# Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation
#
# You can set these variables from the command line.
SPHINXOPTS =
SPHINXBUILD = sphinx-build
SPHINXPROJ = verl
SOURCEDIR = .
BUILDDIR = _build
# Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help".
help:
@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
.PHONY: help Makefile
# Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new
# "make mode" option. $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS).
%: Makefile
@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
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# verl documents
## Build the docs
```bash
# Install dependencies.
pip install -r requirements-docs.txt
# Build the docs.
make clean
make html
```
## Open the docs with your browser
```bash
python -m http.server -d _build/html/
```
Launch your browser and navigate to http://localhost:8000 to view the documentation.
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# Upgrading to vllm >= 0.7
## Installation
Note: This version of veRL+vllm 0.7+ supports **FSDP** for training and **vLLM** for rollout.
```
# Create the conda environment
conda create -n verl python==3.10
conda activate verl
# Install verl
git clone https://github.com/volcengine/verl.git
cd verl
pip3 install -e .
# Install the latest stable version of vLLM
pip3 install vllm==0.7.3
# Install flash-attn
pip3 install flash-attn --no-build-isolation
```
Note that if you are installing lower versions of vLLM (0.7.0, 0.7.1, 0.7.2), you need to make some tiny patches manually on vllm (/path/to/site-packages/vllm after installation) after the above steps:
- vllm/distributed/parallel_state.py: Remove the assertion below:
```
if (world_size
!= tensor_model_parallel_size * pipeline_model_parallel_size):
raise RuntimeError(
f"world_size ({world_size}) is not equal to "
f"tensor_model_parallel_size ({tensor_model_parallel_size}) x "
f"pipeline_model_parallel_size ({pipeline_model_parallel_size})")
```
- vllm/executor/uniproc_executor.py: change `local_rank = rank` to `local_rank = int(os.environ["LOCAL_RANK"])`
- vllm/model_executor/model_loader/weight_utils.py: remove the `torch.cuda.empty_cache()` in `pt_weights_iterator`
## Features
### Use cuda graph
After installation, examples using FSDP as training backends can be used. By default, the `enforce_eager` is set to True, which disables the cuda graph. To enjoy cuda graphs and the sleep mode of vLLM>=0.7, add the following lines to the bash script:
```
actor_rollout_ref.rollout.enforce_eager=False \
actor_rollout_ref.rollout.free_cache_engine=False \
```
For a typical job like examples/ppo_trainer/run_qwen2-7b_seq_balance.sh, the rollout generation time is 115 seconds with vLLM0.6.3, while it is 85 seconds with vLLM0.7.0. By enabling the cudagraph, the generation duration is further reduced to 62 seconds.
**Note:** Currently, if the `n` is greater than 1 in `SamplingParams` in vLLM>=0.7, there is a potential performance issue on the stability of rollout generation time (Some iterations would see generation time bursts) using vLLM's V0 Engine.
### Use vLLM V1 Engine
Using the vLLM V1 engine can avoid instability issues and achieve additional performance improvements. To use the V1 engine, you can first uninstall the previously installed vLLM and then follow the steps below to install the newer version.
```
git clone https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm.git
cd vllm
git checkout 2275784
sed -i "903a\ data_parallel_size = world_size // pipeline_model_parallel_size // tensor_model_parallel_size" ./vllm/distributed/parallel_state.py
VLLM_USE_PRECOMPILED=1 pip install --editable .
```
Then you can enable the V1 engine by setting `export VLLM_USE_V1=1`. In some benchmark tests, the V1 engine demonstrates a 1.5x speed improvement over the vLLM V0 engine.
The stable support of the vLLM V1 engine will come soon.
\ No newline at end of file
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# Upgrading to vLLM >= 0.8
## Installation
Note: This version of veRL+vLLM 0.8+ supports **FSDP** for training and **vLLM** for rollout.
```bash
# Create the conda environment
conda create -n verl python==3.10
conda activate verl
# Install verl
git clone https://github.com/volcengine/verl.git
cd verl
pip3 install -e .
# Install the latest stable version of vLLM
pip3 install vllm==0.8.3
# Install flash-attn
pip3 install flash-attn --no-build-isolation
```
We have a pre-built docker image for veRL+vLLM 0.8.3. You can direct import it with the following command:
```bash
docker pull hiyouga/verl:ngc-th2.6.0-cu126-vllm0.8.3-flashinfer0.2.2-cxx11abi0
```
## Features
vLLM 0.8+ supports cuda graph and V1 engine by default in veRL. To enable these features, remember to add the following lines to the bash script:
```bash
actor_rollout_ref.rollout.enforce_eager=False \
actor_rollout_ref.rollout.free_cache_engine=False \
```
and also **remove** the environment variable if it exists:
```bash
export VLLM_ATTENTION_BACKEND=XFORMERS
```
## Notes
When you just directly upgrade vllm>=0.8, some dependency packages may undergo version changes. If you encounter the following problems:
```bash
in <module> from torch.multiprocessing.reductions import ForkingPickler ImportError: cannot import name 'ForkingPickler' from 'torch.multiprocessing.reductions' (/opt/conda/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/multiprocessing/reductions.py)
```
You need to upgrade `tensordict` to version 0.6.2 using the command `pip install tensordict==0.6.2`.
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Using Checkpoints to Support Fault Tolerance Training
=====================================================
There could be training errors or machine failure during the whole RLHF training process,
so it is recommended to enable checkpoints to minimize your loss.
The API Interface has already been listed in :ref:`config-explain-page`,
and we will not repeat them. But there are still some technique details
we hope to clarify.
.. note::
Notice that the ``checkpoint.contents`` field has no effect to FSDP checkpoint except ``hf_model``,
the other 3 fields are binded together to save and load. We recommend to include ``model``, ``optimizer`` and ``extra`` all.
Checkpoint Saving Directory Structure
-------------------------------------
Commonly, we use the ``default_local_dir`` declared in ``ppo_trainer.yaml`` or ``ppo_megatron_trainer.yml``
to work as preffix when saving checkpoints, which is ``checkpoints/${trainer.project_name}/${trainer.experiment_name}``.
So the inner checkpoint structure of **FSDP** is like:
.. code::
checkpoints/${trainer.project_name}/${trainer.experiment_name}
├── global_steps_${i}
│ ├── actor
│ │ ├── model_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ │ ├── optim_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ │ └── extra_state_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ ├── actor_huggingface
│ ├── critic
│ │ ├── model_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ │ ├── optim_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ │ └── extra_state_world_size_{self.world_size}_rank_{self.rank}.pt
│ └── critic_huggingface
└── latest_checkpointed_iteration.txt
All model shards, optimizers and extra states are stored togather, in a sharded and distributed way.
While **Megatron** current checkpoint structure is:
.. code::
checkpoints/${trainer.project_name}/${trainer.experiment_name}
├── global_steps_${i}
│ ├── actor
│ │ ├── huggingface # default save tokenizer, save huggingface model if include ``hf_mode`` in checkpoint.contents
│ │ ├── model # save sharded model, naming the same as Megatron
│ │ │ ├── mp_rank_xx_yyy # xx is tp_rank in 2 digits, yyy is pp_rank in 3 digits
│ │ │ │ └── model_states.pt
│ │ │ └── mp_rank_xx_xxx
│ │ ├── optim
│ │ │ ├── distrib_optim_pp{x}_tp{y}.pt
│ │ │ └── distrib_optim_pp{x}_tp{y}.pt
│ │ └── rng_states
│ └── critic
│ │ ├── huggingface
│ │ ├── model
│ │ ├── optim
│ │ └── rng_states
└── latest_checkpointed_iteration.txt
Convert FSDP and Megatron Checkpoints to HuggingFace Format Model
-----------------------------------------------------------------
We provide a tool to convert the FSDP and Megatron checkpoints to HuggingFace format model.
The tool is located in ``scripts/model_merger.py``.
The arguments are as follows:
.. code:: bash
usage: model_merger.py [-h] [--backend {fsdp,megatron}]
[--tie-word-embedding whether the model share embedding weights]
[--is-value-model whether the model is critic model]
[--hf_model_path $original_model_path, like {Qwen/Qwen2-7B}]
[--local_dir $local_directory saved fsdp or megatron models]
[--target_dir $target_dir to save converted models, default is tmp]
[--hf_upload_path $huggingface_repo to upload]
So example use of Megatron model merger is:
.. code:: bash
python scripts/model_merger.py \
--backend megatron \
--tie-word-embedding \
--hf_model_path Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B \
--local_dir checkpoints/verl_megatron_gsm8k_examples/qwen2_5_0b5_megatron_saveload/global_step_1/actor
Megatron Merger details
-----------------------
Current implement of decoder layers uses ``nn.ModuleList`` to store the layers,
and thus the model layers on every PP rank and VPP rank starts their index from 0.
There are 3 ways to correct this behavior:
1. Modify the decoder layer's state_dict, add ``offset`` to each layer's index, thus rewrite ``nn.ModuleList`` implementation.
2. Modify the layer index when saving checkpoint and recover them when loading checkpoint.
3. The Checkpoint merger do this work, calculate the actual ``offset`` from ``state_dict`` only, a little complex.
Current implementation use solution 2.
Original Checkpoint Utils
-------------------------
Original Checkpoint Utils refer to original checkpoint implementation in ``verl/models/[model]/megatron/checkpoint_utils``.
We only need ``[model]_loader.py`` in original checkpoint utils now, since we get rid of storing ``hf_model`` every time (which is not recommended for large model training, try only saving sharded models if you can).
.. note::
Note that ``[model]_loader`` only support environments where **storage clusters are able to connect with every calculation nodes**.
Because it utilizes **sharded load way to minimize the loading checkpoint overhead**.
Every rank loads its own data from ``state_dict`` which can be accessed by all of them.
While there is also no need to broadcast among DP ranks, since the saved state_dict is only produced by DP rank 0.
For users who can **only place the huggingface model on one device**, we keep the original costly implementation in ``[model]_loader_deprecated``. In this implementation, rank 0 broadcast all weights to each tp and pp rank, and then dp rank 0 broadcast to all dp ranks. There may be at risks of OOM.
To use deprecated loader, change the import package of ``load_state_dict_to_megatron_llama``.
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Extend to other RL(HF) algorithms
=================================
We already implemented the complete training pipeline of the PPO
algorithms. To extend to other algorithms, we analyze the high-level
principle to use verl and provide a tutorial to implement the DPO
algorithm. Users can follow the similar paradigm to extend to other RL algorithms.
.. note:: **Key ideas**: Single process drives multi-process computation and data communication.
Overall Approach
----------------
Step 1: Consider what multi-machine multi-GPU computations are needed
for each model, such as ``generate_sequence`` , ``compute_log_prob`` and
``update_policy`` in the actor_rollout model. Implement distributed
single-process-multiple-data (SPMD) computation and encapsulate them
into APIs
Step 2: Based on different distributed scenarios, including FSDP and 3D
parallelism in Megatron-LM, implement single-process control of data
interaction among multi-process computations.
Step 3: Utilize the encapsulated APIs to implement the control flow
Example: Online DPO
-------------------
We use verl to implement a simple online DPO algorithm. The algorithm
flow of Online DPO is as follows:
1. There is a prompt (rollout) generator which has the same weight as
the actor model. After a batch of prompts are fed into the generator,
it generates N responses for each prompt.
2. Send all the prompts + responses to a verifier for scoring, which can
be reward model or a rule-based function. Then sort them in pairs to
form a training batch.
3. Use this training batch to train the actor model using DPO. During
the process, a reference policy is needed.
Step 1: What are the multi-machine multi-GPU computations
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
**Sample Generator**
Implementation details:
.. code:: python
from verl.single_controller.base import Worker
from verl.single_controller.ray import RayWorkerGroup, RayClassWithInitArgs, RayResourcePool
import ray
@ray.remote
class SampleGenerator(Worker):
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
def generate_sequences(self, data):
pass
Here, ``SampleGenerator`` can be viewed as a multi-process pulled up by
``torchrun``, with each process running the same code (SPMD).
``SampleGenerator`` needs to implement a ``generate_sequences`` API for
the control flow to call. The implementation details inside can use any
inference engine including vllm, sglang and huggingface. Users can
largely reuse the code in
verl/verl/workers/rollout/vllm_rollout/vllm_rollout.py and we won't
go into details here.
**ReferencePolicy inference**
API: compute reference log probability
.. code:: python
from verl.single_controller.base import Worker
import ray
@ray.remote
class ReferencePolicy(Worker):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.model = Model()
def infer(self, data):
return self.model(data)
**Actor update**
API: Update actor model parameters
.. code:: python
from verl.single_controller.base import Worker
import ray
@ray.remote
class DPOActor(Worker):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.model = Model()
self.model = FSDP(self.model) # or other distributed strategy
self.optimizer = optim.Adam(self.model.parameters(), lr=1e-3)
self.loss_fn = xxx
def update(self, data):
self.optimizer.zero_grad()
logits = self.model(data)
loss = self.loss_fn(logits)
loss.backward()
self.optimizer.step()
**Notes: How to distinguish between control processes and distributed computation processes**
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- Control processes are generally functions directly decorated with
``@ray.remote``
- Computation processes are all wrapped into a ``RayWorkerGroup``.
Users can reuse most of the distribtued computation logics implemented
in PPO algorithm, including FSDP and Megatron-LM backend in
verl/verl/trainer/ppo.
Step 2: Based on different distributed scenarios, implement single-process control of multi-process data interaction
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
**The core problem to solve here is how a single process sends data to
multiple processes, drives multi-process computation, and how the
control process obtains the results of multi-process computation.**
First, we initialize the multi-process ``WorkerGroup`` in the control
process.
.. code:: python
@ray.remote(num_cpus=1)
def main_task(config):
# construct SampleGenerator
resource_pool = RayResourcePool(process_on_nodes=[8] * 2) # 16 GPUs
ray_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(SampleGenerator, config=config)
# put SampleGenerator onto resource pool
worker_group = RayWorkerGroup(resource_pool, ray_cls)
# construct reference policy
As we can see, in the control process, multiple processes are wrapped
into a ``RayWorkerGroup``. Inside this ``WorkerGroup``, there is a
``self._workers`` member, where each worker is a RayActor
(https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/ray-core/actors.html) of SampleGenerator.
ray_trainer.md also provide an implementation of
``MegatronRayWorkerGroup``.
Assuming the model is distributed using FSDP, and there is a batch of
data on the control process, for data parallelism, the underlying
calling process is:
.. code:: python
data = xxx
data_list = data.chunk(dp_size)
output = []
for d in data_list:
# worker_group._workers[i] is a SampleGenerator
output.append(worker_group._workers[i].generate_sequences.remote(d))
output = ray.get(output)
output = torch.cat(output)
Single process calling multiple processes involves the following 3
steps:
1. Split the data into DP parts on the control process.
2. Send the data to remote, call the remote computation through RPC, and
utilize multi-process computation.
3. Obtain the computation results of each worker on the control process
and merge them.
Frequently calling these 3 steps on the controller process greatly hurts
code readability. **In verl, we have abstracted and encapsulated these 3
steps, so that the worker's method + dispatch + collect can be
registered into the worker_group**
.. code:: python
from verl.single_controller.base.decorator import register
def dispatch_data(worker_group, data):
return data.chunk(worker_group.world_size)
def collect_data(worker_group, data):
return torch.cat(data)
dispatch_mode = {
'dispatch_fn': dispatch_data,
'collect_fn': collect_data
}
@register(dispatch_mode=dispatch_mode)
def generate_sequences(self, data):
pass
In this way, we can directly call the method inside the worker through
the ``worker_group`` on the control (driver) process (which is a single
process):
.. code:: python
output = worker_group.generate_sequences(data)
This single line includes data splitting, data distribution and
computation, and data collection.
Furthermore, the model parallelism size of each model is usually fixed,
including dp, tp, pp. So for these common distributed scenarios, we have
pre-implemented specific dispatch and collect methods,in `decorator.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/single_controller/base/decorator.py>`_, which can be directly used to wrap the computations.
.. code:: python
from verl.single_controller.base.decorator import register, Dispatch
@register(dispatch_mode=Dispatch.DP_COMPUTE_PROTO)
def generate_sequences(self, data: DataProto) -> DataProto:
pass
Here it requires the data interface to be ``DataProto``. Definition of
``DataProto`` is in `protocol.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/protocol.py>`_.
Step 3: Main training loop
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
With the above training flows, we can implement the algorithm's control
flow. It is recommended that ``main_task`` is also a ray remote process.
.. code:: python
@ray.remote(num_cpus=1)
def main_task(config):
# construct SampleGenerator
resource_pool = RayResourcePool(process_on_nodes=[8] * 2) # 16 GPUs
ray_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(SampleGenerator, config=config)
# put SampleGenerator onto resource pool
sample_gen = RayWorkerGroup(resource_pool, ray_cls)
# construct reference policy
ray_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(ReferencePolicy)
ref_policy = RayWorkerGroup(resource_pool, ray_cls)
# construct actor
ray_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(DPOActor)
dpo_policy = RayWorkerGroup(resource_pool, ray_cls)
dataloader = DataLoader()
for data in dataloader:
# generate data
data = sample_gen.generate_sequences(data)
# generate scores for each data
data = generate_scores(data)
# generate pairwise data using scores
data = generate_pairwise_data(data)
# generate ref_log_prob
data.batch['ref_log_prob'] = ref_policy.infer(data)
# update using dpo
dpo_policy.update(data)
# logging
Here, different ``WorkerGroups`` can be placed in the same resource pool or
in different resource pools using ``create_colocated_worker_cls``
similar as in `ray_trainer.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/trainer/ppo/ray_trainer.py>`_.
docs/advance/fsdp_extension.rst 0 → 100644
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Add models with the FSDP backend
==================================
Model
--------------------------
In principle, our FSDP backend can support any HF model and we can
sychronoize the actor model weight with vLLM using `hf_weight_loader.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/third_party/vllm/vllm_v_0_6_3/hf_weight_loader.py>`_.
However, ``hf_weight_loader`` is will gather the full state_dict of a
model during synchronization, which may cause OOM. We suggest using
``dtensor_weight_loader`` which gather the full model parameter layer by
layer to reduce the peak memory usage. We already support dtensor weight
loader for the models below in `dtensor_weight_loader.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/third_party/vllm/vllm_v_0_5_4/dtensor_weight_loaders.py>`_.:
- ``GPT2LMHeadModel``
- ``LlamaForCausalLM``
- ``LLaMAForCausalLM``
- ``MistralForCausalLM``
- ``InternLMForCausalLM``
- ``AquilaModel``
- ``AquilaForCausalLM``
- ``Phi3ForCausalLM``
- ``GemmaForCausalLM``
- ``Gemma2ForCausalLM``
- ``GPTBigCodeForCausalLM``
- ``Starcoder2ForCausalLM``
- ``Qwen2ForCausalLM``
- ``DeepseekV2ForCausalLM``
To implement ``dtensor_weight_loader`` of a model that's supported in
vLLM, follow the guide of gemma model below:
1. Copy the
``load_weights(self, weights: Iterable[Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]])`` from the vllm model class
to ``dtensor_weight_loaders.py``
2. Modify the arguments to
``(actor_weights: Dict, vllm_model: nn.Module)``
3. Replace the ``self`` to ``vllm_model``
4. Add the
``local_loaded_weight = redistribute_dtensor(param_name=name, loaded_weights=loaded_weight)``
before each ``param = params_dict[name]`` and modify the following
weight loading using ``local_loaded_weight``.
5. Register the implemented dtensor weight loader to ``__MODEL_DTENSOR_WEIGHT_LOADER_REGISTRY__``.
.. code-block:: diff
- def load_weights(self, weights: Iterable[Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]]):
+ def gemma_dtensor_weight_loader(actor_weights: Dict, vllm_model: nn.Module) -> nn.Module:
stacked_params_mapping = [
# (param_name, shard_name, shard_id)
("qkv_proj", "q_proj", "q"),
("qkv_proj", "k_proj", "k"),
("qkv_proj", "v_proj", "v"),
("gate_up_proj", "gate_proj", 0),
("gate_up_proj", "up_proj", 1),
]
- params_dict = dict(self.named_parameters())
+ params_dict = dict(vllm_model.named_parameters())
loaded_params = set()
- for name, loaded_weight in weights:
+ for name, loaded_weight in actor_weights.items():
for (param_name, shard_name, shard_id) in stacked_params_mapping:
if shard_name not in name:
continue
name = name.replace(shard_name, param_name)
# Skip loading extra bias for GPTQ models.
if name.endswith(".bias") and name not in params_dict:
continue
+ local_loaded_weight = redistribute_dtensor(param_name=name, loaded_weights=loaded_weight)
param = params_dict[name]
weight_loader = param.weight_loader
- weight_loader(param, loaded_weight, shard_id)
+ weight_loader(param, local_loaded_weight.to(dtype=param.dtype), shard_id)
break
else:
# lm_head is not used in vllm as it is tied with embed_token.
# To prevent errors, skip loading lm_head.weight.
if "lm_head.weight" in name:
continue
# Skip loading extra bias for GPTQ models.
if name.endswith(".bias") and name not in params_dict:
continue
+ local_loaded_weight = redistribute_dtensor(param_name=name, loaded_weights=loaded_weight)
param = params_dict[name]
weight_loader = getattr(param, "weight_loader",
default_weight_loader)
- weight_loader(param, loaded_weight)
+ weight_loader(param, local_loaded_weight.to(dtype=param.dtype))
loaded_params.add(name)
unloaded_params = params_dict.keys() - loaded_params
if unloaded_params:
raise RuntimeError(
"Some weights are not initialized from checkpoints: "
f"{unloaded_params}")
\ No newline at end of file
docs/advance/megatron_extension.rst 0 → 100644
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Add models with the Megatron-LM backend
=========================================
Model
-----------
The most challenging aspect to use the Megatron-LM backend is implementing
the models for training. Currently, we implement Llama model that
support data parallelism, tensor parallelism, pipeline parallelism (also
vPP) and sequence parallelism. We also implement remove padding (sequence packing) on Llama
model, which can be found in `modeling_llama_megatron.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/models/llama/megatron/modeling_llama_megatron.py>`_.
To support other model, users are required to implement:
1. Implemnt a model similar to ``modeling_llama_megatron.py`` that satisfy the
parallelism requirements of Megatron-LM. Then register your model in
the `registry.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/models/registry.py>`_.
2. Checkpoint utils that can load full checkpoint (e.g. huggingface
checkpoint) to partitioned models during the runtime. Then register
your loader to ``weight_loader_registry`` in `weight_loader_registry.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/models/weight_loader_registry.py>`_.
3. Weight loader that synchronize the weight from Megatron to rollout
(vLLM) model. Note that both the actor model and rollout model are
partitioned during runtime. So, it's advisable to map the model name
in actor model implementation. Otherwise, you may need an additional
name mapping and even weight transformation. The weight loader implementation
is in `megatron_weight_loaders.py <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/verl/third_party/vllm/vllm_v_0_6_3/megatron_weight_loaders.py>`_.
\ No newline at end of file
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