Initial commit

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/MPPICDyMFoam/Make/options

+EXE_INC = \
+    -I.. \
+    -I../.. \
+    -I../../DPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteArea/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/intermediate/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/reactionThermo/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/radiation/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/phaseIncompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/regionModel/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/surfaceFilmModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionFaModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/faOptions/lnInclude
+
+EXE_LIBS = \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lfvOptions \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -llagrangian \
+    -llagrangianIntermediate \
+    -llagrangianTurbulence \
+    -lspecie \
+    -lradiationModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
+    -lDPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -lregionModels \
+    -lsurfaceFilmModels \
+    -ldynamicMesh \
+    -ldynamicFvMesh \
+    -ltopoChangerFvMesh \
+    -lsampling \
+    -lregionFaModels \
+    -lfiniteArea \
+    -lfaOptions

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/Make/files

+DPMDyMFoam.C
+
+EXE = $(FOAM_APPBIN)/DPMDyMFoam

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/Make/options

+EXE_INC = \
+    -I.. \
+    -I../DPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteArea/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/intermediate/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/reactionThermo/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/radiation/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/phaseIncompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/regionModel/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/surfaceFilmModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionFaModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/faOptions/lnInclude
+
+EXE_LIBS = \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lfvOptions \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -llagrangian \
+    -llagrangianIntermediate \
+    -llagrangianTurbulence \
+    -lspecie \
+    -lradiationModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
+    -lDPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -lregionModels \
+    -lsurfaceFilmModels \
+    -ldynamicMesh \
+    -ldynamicFvMesh \
+    -ltopoChangerFvMesh \
+    -lsampling \
+    -lregionFaModels \
+    -lfiniteArea \
+    -lfaOptions

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/correctPhic.H

+CorrectPhi
+(
+    Uc,
+    phic,
+    p,
+    dimensionedScalar("rAUf", dimTime, 1),
+    geometricZeroField(),
+    pimple
+);
+
+#include "continuityErrs.H"

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/createUcf.H

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Global
+    createUcf
+
+Description
+    Creates and initialises the velocity velocity field Ucf.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Info<< "Reading/calculating continuous phase face velocity Ucf\n" << endl;
+
+surfaceVectorField Ucf
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        "Ucf",
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    fvc::interpolate(Uc)
+);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMDyMFoam/pEqn.H

+{
+    volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAUc*UcEqn.H(), Uc, p));
+
+    surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
+    (
+        "phiHbyA",
+        (
+           fvc::flux(HbyA)
+         + alphacf*rAUcf*fvc::ddtCorr(Uc, Ucf)
+        )
+    );
+
+    if (p.needReference())
+    {
+        fvc::makeRelative(phiHbyA, Uc);
+        adjustPhi(phiHbyA, Uc, p);
+        fvc::makeAbsolute(phiHbyA, Uc);
+    }
+
+    phiHbyA += phicForces;
+
+    // Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
+    constrainPressure(p, Uc, phiHbyA, rAUcf);
+
+    // Non-orthogonal pressure corrector loop
+    while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
+    {
+        fvScalarMatrix pEqn
+        (
+            fvm::laplacian(alphacf*rAUcf, p)
+         ==
+            fvc::ddt(alphac) + fvc::div(alphacf*phiHbyA)
+        );
+
+        pEqn.setReference(pRefCell, pRefValue);
+
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
+
+        if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
+        {
+            phic = phiHbyA - pEqn.flux()/alphacf;
+
+            p.relax();
+
+            Uc = HbyA
+               + rAUc
+                *fvc::reconstruct((phicForces - pEqn.flux()/alphacf)/rAUcf);
+            Uc.correctBoundaryConditions();
+
+            {
+                Ucf = fvc::interpolate(Uc);
+                surfaceVectorField n(mesh.Sf()/mesh.magSf());
+                Ucf += n*(phic/mesh.magSf() - (n & Ucf));
+            }
+
+            // Make the fluxes relative to the mesh motion
+            fvc::makeRelative(phic, Uc);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#include "continuityErrs.H"

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMFoam.C

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2013-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Application
+    DPMFoam
+
+Group
+    grpLagrangianSolvers
+
+Description
+    Transient solver for the coupled transport of a single kinematic particle
+    cloud including the effect of the volume fraction of particles on the
+    continuous phase.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "fvCFD.H"
+#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
+#include "DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+#include "pimpleControl.H"
+
+#ifdef MPPIC
+    #include "basicKinematicCloud.H"
+    #define basicKinematicTypeCloud basicKinematicCloud
+#else
+    #include "basicKinematicCollidingCloud.H"
+    #define basicKinematicTypeCloud basicKinematicCollidingCloud
+#endif
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    argList::addNote
+    (
+        "Transient solver for the coupled transport of a"
+        " single kinematic particle cloud including the effect"
+        " of the volume fraction of particles on the continuous phase."
+    );
+    argList::addOption
+    (
+        "cloud",
+        "name",
+        "specify alternative cloud name. default is 'kinematicCloud'"
+    );
+
+    #include "postProcess.H"
+
+    #include "addCheckCaseOptions.H"
+    #include "setRootCaseLists.H"
+    #include "createTime.H"
+    #include "createMesh.H"
+    #include "createControl.H"
+    #include "createTimeControls.H"
+    #include "createFields.H"
+    #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
+
+    Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
+
+    while (runTime.run())
+    {
+        #include "readTimeControls.H"
+        #include "CourantNo.H"
+        #include "setDeltaT.H"
+
+        ++runTime;
+
+        Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
+
+        continuousPhaseTransport.correct();
+        muc = rhoc*continuousPhaseTransport.nu();
+
+        Info<< "Evolving " << kinematicCloud.name() << endl;
+        kinematicCloud.evolve();
+
+        // Update continuous phase volume fraction field
+        alphac = max(1.0 - kinematicCloud.theta(), alphacMin);
+        alphac.correctBoundaryConditions();
+        alphacf = fvc::interpolate(alphac);
+        alphaPhic = alphacf*phic;
+
+        fvVectorMatrix cloudSU(kinematicCloud.SU(Uc));
+        volVectorField cloudVolSUSu
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "cloudVolSUSu",
+                runTime.timeName(),
+                mesh
+            ),
+            mesh,
+            dimensionedVector(cloudSU.dimensions()/dimVolume, Zero),
+            zeroGradientFvPatchVectorField::typeName
+        );
+
+        cloudVolSUSu.primitiveFieldRef() = -cloudSU.source()/mesh.V();
+        cloudVolSUSu.correctBoundaryConditions();
+        cloudSU.source() = Zero;
+
+//         cloudVolSUSu.primitiveFieldRef() =
+//             (cloudSU.diag()*Uc() - cloudSU.source())/mesh.V();
+//         cloudVolSUSu.correctBoundaryConditions();
+//         cloudSU.source() = cloudSU.diag()*Uc();
+
+
+        // --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
+        while (pimple.loop())
+        {
+            #include "UcEqn.H"
+
+            // --- PISO loop
+            while (pimple.correct())
+            {
+                #include "pEqn.H"
+            }
+
+            if (pimple.turbCorr())
+            {
+                continuousPhaseTurbulence->correct();
+            }
+        }
+
+        runTime.write();
+
+        runTime.printExecutionTime(Info);
+    }
+
+    Info<< "End\n" << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMTurbulenceModels/DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.C

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::
+DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel
+(
+    const word& type,
+    const volScalarField& alpha,
+    const geometricOneField& rho,
+    const volVectorField& U,
+    const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+    const TransportModel& transportModel,
+    const word& propertiesName
+)
+:
+    TurbulenceModel
+    <
+        volScalarField,
+        geometricOneField,
+        incompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+        TransportModel
+    >
+    (
+        alpha,
+        rho,
+        U,
+        alphaRhoPhi,
+        phi,
+        transportModel,
+        propertiesName
+    )
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Selectors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::autoPtr<Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::New
+(
+    const volScalarField& alpha,
+    const volVectorField& U,
+    const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+    const TransportModel& transportModel,
+    const word& propertiesName
+)
+{
+    return autoPtr<DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel>
+    (
+        static_cast<DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel*>(
+        TurbulenceModel
+        <
+            volScalarField,
+            geometricOneField,
+            incompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+            TransportModel
+        >::New
+        (
+            alpha,
+            geometricOneField(),
+            U,
+            alphaRhoPhi,
+            phi,
+            transportModel,
+            propertiesName
+        ).ptr())
+    );
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::pPrime() const
+{
+    return tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            IOobject::groupName("pPrime", this->alphaRhoPhi_.group()),
+            this->runTime_.timeName(),
+            this->mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        this->mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar(dimPressure, Zero)
+    );
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::pPrimef() const
+{
+    return tmp<surfaceScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            IOobject::groupName("pPrimef", this->alphaRhoPhi_.group()),
+            this->runTime_.timeName(),
+            this->mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        this->mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar(dimPressure, Zero)
+    );
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::devReff() const
+{
+    return devRhoReff();
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::devReff
+(
+    const volVectorField& U
+) const
+{
+    return devRhoReff(U);
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvVectorMatrix>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::divDevReff
+(
+    volVectorField& U
+) const
+{
+    return divDevRhoReff(U);
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::devRhoReff() const
+{
+    NotImplemented;
+
+    return devReff();
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::devRhoReff
+(
+    const volVectorField& U
+) const
+{
+    NotImplemented;
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvVectorMatrix>
+Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<TransportModel>::divDevRhoReff
+(
+    volVectorField& U
+) const
+{
+    NotImplemented;
+
+    return divDevReff(U);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMTurbulenceModels/DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel
+
+Description
+    Templated abstract base class for volumen occupancy incompressible
+    turbulence models.
+
+SourceFiles
+    DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel_H
+#define DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel_H
+
+#include "TurbulenceModel.H"
+#include "incompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+               Class DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class TransportModel>
+class DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel
+:
+    public TurbulenceModel
+    <
+        volScalarField,
+        geometricOneField,
+        incompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+        TransportModel
+    >
+{
+
+public:
+
+    typedef volScalarField alphaField;
+    typedef geometricOneField rhoField;
+    typedef TransportModel transportModel;
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct
+        DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel
+        (
+            const word& type,
+            const alphaField& alpha,
+            const geometricOneField& rho,
+            const volVectorField& U,
+            const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+            const TransportModel& transportModel,
+            const word& propertiesName
+        );
+
+
+    // Selectors
+
+        //- Return a reference to the selected turbulence model
+        static autoPtr<DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel> New
+        (
+            const alphaField& alpha,
+            const volVectorField& U,
+            const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+            const TransportModel& transportModel,
+            const word& propertiesName = turbulenceModel::propertiesName
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel() = default;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the phase-pressure'
+        // (derivative of phase-pressure w.r.t. phase-fraction)
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> pPrime() const;
+
+        //- Return the face-phase-pressure'
+        // (derivative of phase-pressure w.r.t. phase-fraction)
+        virtual tmp<surfaceScalarField> pPrimef() const;
+
+        //- Return the effective stress tensor
+        virtual tmp<volSymmTensorField> devReff() const;
+
+        //- Return the effective stress tensor based on a given velocity field
+        virtual tmp<volSymmTensorField> devReff
+        (
+            const volVectorField& U
+        ) const;
+
+        //- Return the source term for the momentum equation
+        virtual tmp<fvVectorMatrix> divDevReff(volVectorField& U) const;
+
+        //- Return the effective stress tensor
+        virtual tmp<volSymmTensorField> devRhoReff() const;
+
+        //- Return the effective stress tensor based on a given velocity field
+        virtual tmp<volSymmTensorField> devRhoReff
+        (
+            const volVectorField& U
+        ) const;
+
+        //- Return the source term for the momentum equation
+        virtual tmp<fvVectorMatrix> divDevRhoReff(volVectorField& U) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+    #include "DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMTurbulenceModels/DPMTurbulenceModels.C

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "makeTurbulenceModel.H"
+
+#include "laminarModel.H"
+#include "RASModel.H"
+#include "LESModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+defineTurbulenceModelTypes
+(
+    volScalarField,
+    geometricOneField,
+    incompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+    DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+    singlePhaseTransportModel
+);
+
+makeBaseTurbulenceModel
+(
+    volScalarField,
+    geometricOneField,
+    incompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+    DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel,
+    singlePhaseTransportModel
+);
+
+#define makeLaminarModel(Type)                                                 \
+    makeTemplatedTurbulenceModel                                               \
+    (singlePhaseTransportModelDPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel, laminar, Type)
+
+#define makeRASModel(Type)                                                     \
+    makeTemplatedTurbulenceModel                                               \
+    (singlePhaseTransportModelDPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel, RAS, Type)
+
+#define makeLESModel(Type)                                                     \
+    makeTemplatedTurbulenceModel                                               \
+    (singlePhaseTransportModelDPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel, LES, Type)
+
+#include "Stokes.H"
+makeLaminarModel(Stokes);
+
+#include "kEpsilon.H"
+makeRASModel(kEpsilon);
+
+#include "realizableKE.H"
+makeRASModel(realizableKE);
+
+#include "kOmegaSST.H"
+makeRASModel(kOmegaSST);
+
+#include "Smagorinsky.H"
+makeLESModel(Smagorinsky);
+
+#include "kEqn.H"
+makeLESModel(kEqn);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMTurbulenceModels/Make/files

+DPMTurbulenceModels.C
+
+LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libDPMTurbulenceModels

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/DPMTurbulenceModels/Make/options

+EXE_INC = \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/phaseIncompressible/lnInclude \
+
+LIB_LIBS = \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -lcompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/MPPICFoam/MPPICFoam.C

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2013-2014 OpenFOAM Foundation
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Application
+    MPPICFoam
+
+Group
+    grpLagrangianSolvers
+
+Description
+    Transient solver for the coupled transport of a single kinematic particle
+    cloud including the effect of the volume fraction of particles on the
+    continuous phase. Multi-Phase Particle In Cell (MPPIC) modeling is used to
+    represent collisions without resolving particle-particle interactions.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define MPPIC
+
+#include "DPMFoam.C"
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/MPPICFoam/Make/files

+MPPICFoam.C
+
+EXE = $(FOAM_APPBIN)/MPPICFoam

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/MPPICFoam/Make/options

+EXE_INC = \
+    -I.. \
+    -I../DPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteArea/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/intermediate/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/reactionThermo/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/radiation/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/phaseIncompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/regionModel/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/surfaceFilmModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionFaModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/faOptions/lnInclude
+
+EXE_LIBS = \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lfvOptions \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -llagrangian \
+    -llagrangianIntermediate \
+    -llagrangianTurbulence \
+    -lspecie \
+    -lradiationModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
+    -lDPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -lregionModels \
+    -lsurfaceFilmModels \
+    -lsampling \
+    -lregionFaModels \
+    -lfiniteArea \
+    -lfaOptions

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/Make/files

+DPMFoam.C
+
+EXE = $(FOAM_APPBIN)/DPMFoam

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/Make/options

+EXE_INC = \
+    -I./DPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteArea/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/intermediate/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/reactionThermo/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/radiation/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/regionModel/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/surfaceFilmModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/regionFaModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/faOptions/lnInclude
+
+EXE_LIBS = \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lfvOptions \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -llagrangian \
+    -llagrangianIntermediate \
+    -llagrangianTurbulence \
+    -lspecie \
+    -lradiationModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
+    -lDPMTurbulenceModels \
+    -lregionModels \
+    -lsurfaceFilmModels \
+    -lsampling \
+    -lregionFaModels \
+    -lfiniteArea \
+    -lfaOptions

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/UcEqn.H

+fvVectorMatrix UcEqn
+(
+    fvm::ddt(alphac, Uc) + fvm::div(alphaPhic, Uc)
+  - fvm::Sp(fvc::ddt(alphac) + fvc::div(alphaPhic), Uc)
+  + continuousPhaseTurbulence->divDevRhoReff(Uc)
+ ==
+    (1.0/rhoc)*cloudSU
+);
+
+UcEqn.relax();
+
+volScalarField rAUc(1.0/UcEqn.A());
+surfaceScalarField rAUcf("Dp", fvc::interpolate(rAUc));
+
+surfaceScalarField phicForces
+(
+   fvc::flux(rAUc*cloudVolSUSu/rhoc) + rAUcf*(g & mesh.Sf())
+);
+
+if (pimple.momentumPredictor())
+{
+    solve
+    (
+        UcEqn
+     ==
+        fvc::reconstruct
+        (
+            phicForces/rAUcf - fvc::snGrad(p)*mesh.magSf()
+        )
+    );
+}

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/continuityErrs.H

+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2013 OpenFOAM Foundation
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Global
+    continuityErrs
+
+Description
+    Calculates and prints the continuity errors.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+{
+    volScalarField contErr(fvc::ddt(alphac) + fvc::div(alphacf*phic));
+
+    scalar sumLocalContErr = runTime.deltaTValue()*
+        mag(contErr)().weightedAverage(mesh.V()).value();
+
+    scalar globalContErr = runTime.deltaTValue()*
+        contErr.weightedAverage(mesh.V()).value();
+    cumulativeContErr += globalContErr;
+
+    Info<< "time step continuity errors : sum local = " << sumLocalContErr
+        << ", global = " << globalContErr
+        << ", cumulative = " << cumulativeContErr
+        << endl;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/lagrangian/DPMFoam/createFields.H

+#include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
+
+word continuousPhaseName
+(
+    IOdictionary
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "transportProperties",
+            runTime.constant(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ
+        )
+    ).get<word>("continuousPhase")
+);
+
+Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
+volVectorField Uc
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        IOobject::groupName("U", continuousPhaseName),
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::MUST_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh
+);
+
+Info<< "Reading field p\n" << endl;
+volScalarField p
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        "p",
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::MUST_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh
+);
+
+
+Info<< "Reading/calculating continuous-phase face flux field phic\n"
+    << endl;
+
+surfaceScalarField phic
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        IOobject::groupName("phi", continuousPhaseName),
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    linearInterpolate(Uc) & mesh.Sf()
+);
+
+label pRefCell = 0;
+scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
+setRefCell(p, pimple.dict(), pRefCell, pRefValue);
+mesh.setFluxRequired(p.name());
+
+Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
+
+singlePhaseTransportModel continuousPhaseTransport(Uc, phic);
+
+dimensionedScalar rhocValue
+(
+    IOobject::groupName("rho", continuousPhaseName),
+    dimDensity,
+    continuousPhaseTransport
+);
+
+volScalarField rhoc
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        rhocValue.name(),
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::NO_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh,
+    rhocValue
+);
+
+volScalarField muc
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        IOobject::groupName("mu", continuousPhaseName),
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::NO_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    rhoc*continuousPhaseTransport.nu()
+);
+
+Info << "Creating field alphac\n" << endl;
+// alphac must be constructed before the cloud
+// so that the drag-models can find it
+volScalarField alphac
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        IOobject::groupName("alpha", continuousPhaseName),
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh,
+    dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
+);
+
+const word kinematicCloudName
+(
+    args.getOrDefault<word>("cloud", "kinematicCloud")
+);
+
+Info<< "Constructing kinematicCloud " << kinematicCloudName << endl;
+basicKinematicTypeCloud kinematicCloud
+(
+    kinematicCloudName,
+    rhoc,
+    Uc,
+    muc,
+    g
+);
+
+// Particle fraction upper limit
+scalar alphacMin
+(
+    1.0
+  - (
+        kinematicCloud.particleProperties().subDict("constantProperties")
+       .get<scalar>("alphaMax")
+    )
+);
+
+// Update alphac from the particle locations
+alphac = max(1.0 - kinematicCloud.theta(), alphacMin);
+alphac.correctBoundaryConditions();
+
+surfaceScalarField alphacf("alphacf", fvc::interpolate(alphac));
+
+surfaceScalarField alphaPhic
+(
+    IOobject::groupName
+    (
+        "alphaPhi",
+        continuousPhaseName
+    ),
+    alphacf*phic
+);
+
+
+autoPtr<DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<singlePhaseTransportModel>>
+continuousPhaseTurbulence
+(
+    DPMIncompressibleTurbulenceModel<singlePhaseTransportModel>::New
+    (
+        alphac,
+        Uc,
+        alphaPhic,
+        phic,
+        continuousPhaseTransport
+    )
+);