Question: Where do plants get most of the energy they need to live and grow?

Choices:
A. water
B. soil
C. air
D. sunlight

Answer: D

Question: Where do plants get most of the energy they need to live and grow?
Answer:


Question: What causes sound?

Choices:
A. sunlight
B. vibrations
C. x-rays
D. pitch

Answer: B


Question: New research uncovers information that proves that the data from an old theory is partially incorrect. What should the scientific community do about the old theory?

Choices:
A. remove the old theory from historical records
B. change the research notes in the original theory
C. use the new information to update the old theory
D. ban the public from discussing the old theory

Answer: C

use the new information to update the old theory

Question: New research uncovers information that proves that the data from an old theory is partially incorrect. What should the scientific community do about the old theory?
Answer:


Question: Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?

Choices:
A. by freezing the leaves on trees
B. by causing rocks to stick together
C. by turning acid rain into acid snow
D. by freezing water in the cracks of rocks

Answer: D

by freezing water in the cracks of rocks

Question: Darryl learns that freezing temperatures may help cause weathering. Which statement explains how freezing temperatures most likely cause weathering?
Answer:


Question: The Apollo 11 mission was able to retrieve samples of the Moon's surface because it was the first mission to have astronauts

Choices:
A. land on the Moon
B. orbit a planet
C. return to Earth
D. walk in space

Answer: A

Question: The Apollo 11 mission was able to retrieve samples of the Moon's surface because it was the first mission to have astronauts
Answer:


Question: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a soil bacterium that is toxic to certain insects. Genes from this bacterium have been inserted into cotton to make Bt cotton. Farmers that use Bt cotton would most likely use less of which of the following?

Choices:
A. water
B. fertilizer
C. herbicide
D. insecticide

Answer: D

Question: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a soil bacterium that is toxic to certain insects. Genes from this bacterium have been inserted into cotton to make Bt cotton. Farmers that use Bt cotton would most likely use less of which of the following?
Answer:


Question: Which human activity will help conserve Earth's natural resources?

Choices:
A. leaving the television on all day
B. recycling plastic bottles
C. cutting down trees
D. burning trash in the yard

Answer: B

Question: Which human activity will help conserve Earth's natural resources?
Answer:


Question: A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?

Choices:
A. to form a good hypothesis
B. to increase the accuracy of the results
C. to make the results more significant
D. to better explain the investigation to others

Answer: B

Question: A student performs a lab investigation by measuring the average time it takes for a toy car to travel 10 meters. Why is it best to perform the experiment in three trials?
Answer:


Question: Which event helps to renew a resource?

Choices:
A. A seed is planted from a tree.
B. An offshore rig pumps oil.
C. A car is filled with gasoline.
D. An office is heated with coal.

Answer: A

Question: Which event helps to renew a resource?
Answer:


Question: When a rock is placed in a graduated cylinder containing water, the height of the water will

Choices:
A. decrease
B. increase
C. remain the same

Answer: B

Question: When a rock is placed in a graduated cylinder containing water, the height of the water will
Answer:


Question: Earth revolves around the sun. The amount of time needed for Earth to complete one revolution around the sun is approximately

Choices:
A. 1 day
B. 28 days
C. 180 days
D. 365 days

Answer: D

Question: Earth revolves around the sun. The amount of time needed for Earth to complete one revolution around the sun is approximately
Answer:


Question: When potassium and bromine atoms form chemical bonds, which of these is produced?

Choices:
A. an element
B. a mixture
C. a compound
D. a new form of matter

Answer: C

Question: When potassium and bromine atoms form chemical bonds, which of these is produced?
Answer:


Question: Which device produces mechanical energy?

Choices:
A. a battery
B. an electric motor
C. a light bulb
D. a solar cooker

Answer: B

Question: Which device produces mechanical energy?
Answer:


Question: An atom has a mass of 24 and a nuclear charge of 12. Which statement about the atom is accurate?

Choices:
A. It has twice as many protons as electrons.
B. It has twice as many neutrons as protons.
C. It has equal numbers of neutrons and protons.
D. It has equal numbers of nuclear particles and electrons.

Answer: C

It has equal numbers of neutrons and protons.

Question: An atom has a mass of 24 and a nuclear charge of 12. Which statement about the atom is accurate?
Answer:


Question: A student is investigating in which type of soil a plant will grow best. Which should the student measure to answer the question?

Choices:
A. height of the plants
B. weight of the soil
C. amount of water used
D. temperature of the room

Answer: A

Question: A student is investigating in which type of soil a plant will grow best. Which should the student measure to answer the question?
Answer:


Question: Plants grow best in soils that are rich in which of the following?

Choices:
A. grains of sand
B. lumps of clay
C. layers of gravel
D. decaying plants and animals

Answer: D

Question: Plants grow best in soils that are rich in which of the following?
Answer:


Question: According to Newton's first law of motion, what counteracts gravity to keep a satellite in orbit?

Choices:
A. inertia
B. energy
C. friction
D. magnetism

Answer: A

Question: According to Newton's first law of motion, what counteracts gravity to keep a satellite in orbit?
Answer:


Question: Pollutants, such as motor oil and gasoline, are sometimes leaked onto roads by vehicles. How do these pollutants most likely affect the environment?

Choices:
A. Storms wash the pollutants into lakes and rivers.
B. Animals become sick from licking the pollutants on the road.
C. Animals get stuck in the pollutants when they cross the road.
D. Winds blow the pollutants to the side of the road and harm the soil.

Answer: A

Storms wash the pollutants into lakes and rivers.

Question: Pollutants, such as motor oil and gasoline, are sometimes leaked onto roads by vehicles. How do these pollutants most likely affect the environment?
Answer:


Question: The egg stage in the life cycle of a bird is most like which phase in the life cycle of certain types of flowers?

Choices:
A. seed
B. spore
C. pollen
D. immature flower

Answer: A

Question: The egg stage in the life cycle of a bird is most like which phase in the life cycle of certain types of flowers?
Answer:


Question: If the climate in an area changed over time to become very cold, which change would most likely help a species living there to survive?

Choices:
A. a thicker neck and longer tail
B. a larger mouth and stronger jaws
C. an increase in fur and fat
D. an increase in height and speed

Answer: C

Question: If the climate in an area changed over time to become very cold, which change would most likely help a species living there to survive?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following statements best describes the role of gravity in the formation of stars?

Choices:
A. Gravity converts solid matter into gases and light energy.
B. Gravity causes gases and dust particles to condense into spheres.
C. Gravity cools gases and liquids until they become one solid mass.
D. Gravity pushes rocks and dust particles outward from a dense center.

Answer: B

Gravity causes gases and dust particles to condense into spheres.

Question: Which of the following statements best describes the role of gravity in the formation of stars?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is most likely a result of using pesticides on farm crops?

Choices:
A. rainfall levels could decrease
B. air temperatures could increase
C. water sources could become polluted
D. caterpillars could become extinct

Answer: C

Question: Which of these is most likely a result of using pesticides on farm crops?
Answer:


Question: All of the planets in the solar system formed at about the same time from a large cloud of gas and dust. How is Earth different from other planets in the solar system?

Choices:
A. Earth has no natural satellites.
B. Earth's atmosphere is composed of gases.
C. Water is found in all three phases on Earth.
D. Volcanoes release liquid rock onto Earth's surface.

Answer: C

Water is found in all three phases on Earth.

Question: All of the planets in the solar system formed at about the same time from a large cloud of gas and dust. How is Earth different from other planets in the solar system?
Answer:


Question: A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move?

Choices:
A. The kick decreases the weight of the ball.
B. The kick applies a contact force to the ball.
C. The kick decreases the force of gravity acting on the ball.
D. The kick removes friction between the ball and the ground.

Answer: B

The kick applies a contact force to the ball.

Question: A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move?
Answer:


Question: Some plants need to be in an environment where water drains easily. Which type of soil content will best benefit these plants?

Choices:
A. sand
B. shale
C. clay
D. silt

Answer: A

Question: Some plants need to be in an environment where water drains easily. Which type of soil content will best benefit these plants?
Answer:


Question: A student wants to perform an experiment to determine what temperature is best for growing tomato plants. Which is the best piece of equipment to use in this experiment to measure the independent variable?

Choices:
A. rain gauge
B. light meter
C. tape measure
D. thermometer

Answer: D

Question: A student wants to perform an experiment to determine what temperature is best for growing tomato plants. Which is the best piece of equipment to use in this experiment to measure the independent variable?
Answer:


Question: El Niño is a term that refers to the oceanic phenomenon in which the surface water temperatures increase. The increase in water temperature usually occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Which will most likely occur as a result of this phenomenon to cause environmental changes?

Choices:
A. melting of the polar ice caps
B. varied atmospheric conditions
C. an increase in volcanic eruptions
D. an increase in the length of summers

Answer: B

Question: El Niño is a term that refers to the oceanic phenomenon in which the surface water temperatures increase. The increase in water temperature usually occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Which will most likely occur as a result of this phenomenon to cause environmental changes?
Answer:


Question: Which would most help pollinators find flowers that are pollinated at night?

Choices:
A. shape
B. color
C. size
D. fragrance

Answer: D

Question: Which would most help pollinators find flowers that are pollinated at night?
Answer:


Question: Energy is transferred in an electrical circuit through

Choices:
A. static protons.
B. moving protons.
C. static electrons.
D. moving electrons.

Answer: D

Question: Energy is transferred in an electrical circuit through
Answer:


Question: What is a primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Choices:
A. They eliminate matter by taking nitrogen from the ecosystem.
B. They eliminate matter by taking phosphorus from the ecosystem.
C. They cycle matter by returning carbon and other matter to the ecosystem.
D. They cycle matter by returning oxygen and other matter to the ecosystem.

Answer: C

They cycle matter by returning carbon and other matter to the ecosystem.

Question: What is a primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: Nevada mines produce greater quantities of a particular resource than any other state. What resource is produced from these mines?

Choices:
A. zinc
B. copper
C. gold
D. lead

Answer: C

Question: Nevada mines produce greater quantities of a particular resource than any other state. What resource is produced from these mines?
Answer:


Question: At one time, scientists believed that living organisms came from nonliving objects. This theory was revised through

Choices:
A. changes in popular belief.
B. evidence from experiments.
C. information published in books.
D. advances in the scientific method.

Answer: B

Question: At one time, scientists believed that living organisms came from nonliving objects. This theory was revised through
Answer:


Question: One solar day on Jupiter lasts only 9 hours and 50 minutes. What causes a solar day?

Choices:
A. diameter of the planet
B. rotational speed of the planet
C. speed of a planet in orbit around the sun
D. diameter of the orbit of a planet around the sun

Answer: B

Question: One solar day on Jupiter lasts only 9 hours and 50 minutes. What causes a solar day?
Answer:


Question: Which of these natural disasters is least likely to cause major damage to a prairie ecosystem?

Choices:
A. a flood
B. a tornado
C. a hurricane
D. an earthquake

Answer: D

Question: Which of these natural disasters is least likely to cause major damage to a prairie ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best evidence for the theory of continental drift?

Choices:
A. the appearance of volcanoes at the boundaries where plates collide
B. earthquakes at boundaries where one plate slides past another
C. cases where a species exists in only one isolated place
D. fossils of the same species found on widely separated continents

Answer: D

fossils of the same species found on widely separated continents

Question: Which is the best evidence for the theory of continental drift?
Answer:


Question: Which of these events during a storm at sea can add oxygen from the atmosphere to ocean water?

Choices:
A. high winds
B. lightning
C. pressure change
D. temperature change

Answer: A

Question: Which of these events during a storm at sea can add oxygen from the atmosphere to ocean water?
Answer:


Question: Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering?

Choices:
A. Rocks form deep underground.
B. Rocks become smooth and round.
C. Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.
D. Rocks are moved from one place to another.

Answer: D

Rocks are moved from one place to another.

Question: Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering?
Answer:


Question: Which material is the best conductor of electricity?

Choices:
A. Wood
B. Metal
C. Stone
D. Plastic

Answer: B

Question: Which material is the best conductor of electricity?
Answer:


Question: Three scientists conducted the same experiment to analyze the effectiveness of a cleaning agent on household bacteria. What is the main advantage of having the experiment repeated?

Choices:
A. More bacteria will be destroyed.
B. The results will be more reliable.
C. A scientific journal will publish their work.
D. The conclusion will lead to new discoveries.

Answer: B

Question: Three scientists conducted the same experiment to analyze the effectiveness of a cleaning agent on household bacteria. What is the main advantage of having the experiment repeated?
Answer:


Question: Many flowers attract bees. Bees consume nectar from the flower for energy. How does this interaction benefit the plant?

Choices:
A. by increasing photosynthesis
B. by pollinating it
C. by limiting growth
D. by reducing competition

Answer: B

Question: Many flowers attract bees. Bees consume nectar from the flower for energy. How does this interaction benefit the plant?
Answer:


Question: Anne and her father find a 30-million year-old tropical plant fossil in Louisiana. Which question does the fossil help them answer?

Choices:
A. Were there mountains in Louisiana 30 million years ago?
B. What was the climate like in Louisiana 30 million years ago?
C. Were there earthquakes in Louisiana 30 million years ago?
D. What kind of animals lived in Louisiana 30 million years ago?

Answer: B

What was the climate like in Louisiana 30 million years ago?

Question: Anne and her father find a 30-million year-old tropical plant fossil in Louisiana. Which question does the fossil help them answer?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is most likely to create large areas of land subsidence?

Choices:
A. eruptions of volcanoes
B. extraction of ground water
C. global warming
D. greenhouse effect

Answer: B

Question: Which of these is most likely to create large areas of land subsidence?
Answer:


Question: Which property supports the hypothesis that eukaryotic mitochondria were once prokaryotic organisms?

Choices:
A. They lack genetic material.
B. They lack a mechanism of motility.
C. They lack internal membrane-bound organelles.
D. They lack a need for proteins in their life functions.

Answer: C

They lack internal membrane-bound organelles.

Question: Which property supports the hypothesis that eukaryotic mitochondria were once prokaryotic organisms?
Answer:


Question: Heat transfer by conduction occurs when molecules

Choices:
1. flow as currents through liquids
2. form waves that travel through space
3. become less dense and rise
4. collide with other molecules

Answer: 4

Question: Heat transfer by conduction occurs when molecules
Answer:


Question: How do muscles and bones work together to create body movement?

Choices:
A. The muscles pull on the bones.
B. The muscles protect the bones.
C. Muscles grow at the same rate as bones.
D. Muscles send electrical impulses to bones.

Answer: A

Question: How do muscles and bones work together to create body movement?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following contains salt water?

Choices:
A. oceans
B. raindrops
C. groundwater
D. polar icecaps

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following contains salt water?
Answer:


Question: After a person eats, the food is converted into energy by

Choices:
A. muscles.
B. tissues.
C. bones.
D. cells.

Answer: D

Question: After a person eats, the food is converted into energy by
Answer:


Question: The breakfast that a student ate provided energy for bicycling later in the day. Which energy transformation most likely occurred?

Choices:
A. radiant to nuclear
B. chemical to nuclear
C. radiant to mechanical
D. chemical to mechanical

Answer: D

Question: The breakfast that a student ate provided energy for bicycling later in the day. Which energy transformation most likely occurred?
Answer:


Question: One rabbit runs faster than other rabbits in its population. How will the ability to run fast most likely benefit the rabbit?

Choices:
A. by keeping the rabbit warmer in the winter
B. by helping the rabbit blend with its environment
C. by allowing the rabbit to find more sources of food
D. by making it easier for the rabbit to escape from predators

Answer: D

by making it easier for the rabbit to escape from predators

Question: One rabbit runs faster than other rabbits in its population. How will the ability to run fast most likely benefit the rabbit?
Answer:


Question: The fossil record shows that trees have changed throughout the years. Which of the following conclusions would be best supported by the fossil record?

Choices:
A. The environment has changed.
B. Animals need leafy trees.
C. Rocks can destroy trees.
D. Trees give off oxygen.

Answer: A

Question: The fossil record shows that trees have changed throughout the years. Which of the following conclusions would be best supported by the fossil record?
Answer:


Question: In the 18th century, smallpox was a common and deadly disease. A country doctor, Edward Jenner, observed that patients working with cattle who contracted a mild disease called cowpox, never came down with the more serious smallpox. When Jenner obtained liquid from cowpox sores and injected it into healthy patients, they became immune to smallpox. What term best describes Jenner's treatment for smallpox?

Choices:
A. vaccination
B. gene therapy
C. chemotherapy
D. genetic engineering

Answer: A

Question: In the 18th century, smallpox was a common and deadly disease. A country doctor, Edward Jenner, observed that patients working with cattle who contracted a mild disease called cowpox, never came down with the more serious smallpox. When Jenner obtained liquid from cowpox sores and injected it into healthy patients, they became immune to smallpox. What term best describes Jenner's treatment for smallpox?
Answer:


Question: All of the different organisms interacting in a pond make up

Choices:
1. a community
2. a population
3. the water cycle
4. the habitat

Answer: 1

Question: All of the different organisms interacting in a pond make up
Answer:


Question: Which term is an example of a life process?

Choices:
A. coloration
B. camouflage
C. migration
D. reproduction

Answer: D

Question: Which term is an example of a life process?
Answer:


Question: When soil becomes saturated during rainfall, excess water begins to collect on the surface. Downslope movement of this excess water to rivers, lakes, and streams is called

Choices:
A. runoff.
B. filtration.
C. groundwater.
D. condensation.

Answer: A

Question: When soil becomes saturated during rainfall, excess water begins to collect on the surface. Downslope movement of this excess water to rivers, lakes, and streams is called
Answer:


Question: Water evaporates mostly from

Choices:
A. land.
B. snow.
C. clouds.
D. oceans.

Answer: D

Question: Water evaporates mostly from
Answer:


Question: Green plants get the energy they need to make food from

Choices:
A. water
B. air
C. soil
D. sunlight

Answer: D

Question: Green plants get the energy they need to make food from
Answer:


Question: Twentieth-century research and development of vaccines significantly reduced the threat of

Choices:
A. polio.
B. stroke.
C. diabetes.
D. osteoporosis.

Answer: A

Question: Twentieth-century research and development of vaccines significantly reduced the threat of
Answer:


Question: The fur of the snowshoe rabbit changes to a lighter color in the winter. This allows the rabbit to blend in with its surroundings. This change is an example of

Choices:
1. extinction
2. competition
3. biological adaptation
4. ecological succession

Answer: 3

Question: The fur of the snowshoe rabbit changes to a lighter color in the winter. This allows the rabbit to blend in with its surroundings. This change is an example of
Answer:


Question: When European settlers first came to North America, the average thickness of the top layer of soil was approximately 23 cm. Today, the average thickness of the top layer of soil is less than 15 cm. Which of the following factors has most likely had the greatest effect on erosion of the top layer of soil?

Choices:
A. farming
B. restoring wetlands
C. species reintroduction
D. excessive groundwater use

Answer: A

Question: When European settlers first came to North America, the average thickness of the top layer of soil was approximately 23 cm. Today, the average thickness of the top layer of soil is less than 15 cm. Which of the following factors has most likely had the greatest effect on erosion of the top layer of soil?
Answer:


Question: Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide?

Choices:
A. I and O
B. Ir and O
C. Fe and O
D. Pb and O

Answer: C

Question: Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide?
Answer:


Question: A city is experiencing heavy smog formed by motor vehicle exhaust. Which of these weather conditions contributes most to the formation of smog?

Choices:
A. dry line
B. cold front
C. tropical cyclone
D. temperature inversion

Answer: D

Question: A city is experiencing heavy smog formed by motor vehicle exhaust. Which of these weather conditions contributes most to the formation of smog?
Answer:


Question: The bacterium Brucella abortus causes fever in humans. Biologists studying this bacterium found that when exposed to light, the bacterium becomes more virulent. How can this change in virulence most likely be described?

Choices:
A. as a behavioral adaptation
B. as a survival disadvantage
C. as a response to a stimulus
D. as an acquired characteristic

Answer: C

Question: The bacterium Brucella abortus causes fever in humans. Biologists studying this bacterium found that when exposed to light, the bacterium becomes more virulent. How can this change in virulence most likely be described?
Answer:


Question: Dan knows the Earth is tilted 23.5° on its axis. Which is caused because of this tilt?

Choices:
A. day can become night
B. different seasons occur
C. low tide can become high tide
D. the change in phases of the Moon

Answer: B

Question: Dan knows the Earth is tilted 23.5° on its axis. Which is caused because of this tilt?
Answer:


Question: What is the most important property architects must consider when selecting materials for the walls, ceilings, and floors for a new concert hall?

Choices:
A. thermal properties
B. chemical properties
C. electrical properties
D. acoustical properties

Answer: D

Question: What is the most important property architects must consider when selecting materials for the walls, ceilings, and floors for a new concert hall?
Answer:


Question: An object moves through space with balanced forces acting on it. Which statement best describes the speed and direction of the object as long as the forces acting on it remain balanced?

Choices:
A. The speed and direction of the object will both change.
B. The speed and direction of the object will remain constant.
C. The speed will change, but the direction will remain constant.
D. The speed will remain constant, but the direction will change.

Answer: B

The speed and direction of the object will remain constant.

Question: An object moves through space with balanced forces acting on it. Which statement best describes the speed and direction of the object as long as the forces acting on it remain balanced?
Answer:


Question: Which energy transformation occurs when a person hits a drum with a drumstick?

Choices:
A. electrical to light
B. sound to electrical
C. light to mechanical
D. mechanical to sound

Answer: D

Question: Which energy transformation occurs when a person hits a drum with a drumstick?
Answer:


Question: Bile salts play a crucial role in gastrointestinal homeostasis and digestion. Which phrase is the best description of the gastrointestinal function of bile salts?

Choices:
A. digestion and absorption of proteins in the liver
B. digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine
C. digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the liver
D. digestion and absorption of cholesterol in the large intestine

Answer: B

digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine

Question: Bile salts play a crucial role in gastrointestinal homeostasis and digestion. Which phrase is the best description of the gastrointestinal function of bile salts?
Answer:


Question: When taken to a new habitat, non-native plants often threaten native plants of the new habitat. Why do non-native plants threaten native plants?

Choices:
A. Non-native plants are able to mutate rapidly.
B. Non-native plants cause native animals to relocate.
C. Non-native plants are able to be used for medicine.
D. Non-native plants compete with native plants for resources.

Answer: D

Non-native plants compete with native plants for resources.

Question: When taken to a new habitat, non-native plants often threaten native plants of the new habitat. Why do non-native plants threaten native plants?
Answer:


Question: What would be the phenotype of a cross between a homozygous dominant tall plant and a homozygous recessive short plant?

Choices:
A. 100% tall
B. 100% short
C. 25% short, 75% tall
D. 50% short, 50% tall

Answer: A

Question: What would be the phenotype of a cross between a homozygous dominant tall plant and a homozygous recessive short plant?
Answer:


Question: Students went on a class field trip to Natural Bridge Caverns. They noticed rock formations in the cave called stalactites. Which of these processes caused the stalactites to form?

Choices:
A. heat
B. pressure
C. freezing
D. deposition

Answer: D

Question: Students went on a class field trip to Natural Bridge Caverns. They noticed rock formations in the cave called stalactites. Which of these processes caused the stalactites to form?
Answer:


Question: The need for farmland in Brazil has led to the cutting of the rain forests in the Amazon. Cutting trees in the Amazon rain forest might have a global effect by

Choices:
A. decreasing the amount of fresh water
B. increasing the number of animal species
C. decreasing the average yearly temperatures
D. increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere

Answer: D

increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere

Question: The need for farmland in Brazil has led to the cutting of the rain forests in the Amazon. Cutting trees in the Amazon rain forest might have a global effect by
Answer:


Question: Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted?

Choices:
A. by checking the amount of water in the soil
B. by checking how often the pea plant receives sunlight
C. by checking how much space the plant will have to grow
D. by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants

Answer: D

by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants

Question: Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted?
Answer:


Question: The weight of an object can change because of the force that acts on that object. Which force causes the weight of an object to change?

Choices:
A. gravitational
B. electrical
C. magnetic
D. friction

Answer: A

Question: The weight of an object can change because of the force that acts on that object. Which force causes the weight of an object to change?
Answer:


Question: Leaf cells are one type of tree cell. Which process occurs in a growing leaf cell?

Choices:
A. evolution
B. adaptation
C. sugar production
D. sexual reproduction

Answer: C

Question: Leaf cells are one type of tree cell. Which process occurs in a growing leaf cell?
Answer:


Question: Which part of a plant makes sugar from carbon dioxide?

Choices:
A. stem
B. leaf
C. root
D. flower

Answer: B

Question: Which part of a plant makes sugar from carbon dioxide?
Answer:


Question: How does sedimentary rock form?

Choices:
A. sediments cool
B. sediments melt
C. sediments separate
D. sediments compress

Answer: D

Question: How does sedimentary rock form?
Answer:


Question: Which two things interact most in the water cycle?

Choices:
A. oceans and the Moon
B. oceans and the Sun
C. lakes and the Moon
D. lakes and the Sun

Answer: B

Question: Which two things interact most in the water cycle?
Answer:


Question: In the late 1700s, Antoine Lavoisier performed a series of experiments to find out what happened when a substance burned. In each experiment, he observed that the weight of a container and its contents was the same at the end of the experiment as it had been in the beginning. These observations led him to propose the law of

Choices:
A. combustion.
B. fixed proportions.
C. conservation of mass.
D. conservation of energy.

Answer: C

Question: In the late 1700s, Antoine Lavoisier performed a series of experiments to find out what happened when a substance burned. In each experiment, he observed that the weight of a container and its contents was the same at the end of the experiment as it had been in the beginning. These observations led him to propose the law of
Answer:


Question: In which case does a physical change occur?

Choices:
A. Ice melts into water.
B. Bread burns in a toaster.
C. A cake bakes in an oven.
D. Two chemicals form a new substance.

Answer: A

Question: In which case does a physical change occur?
Answer:


Question: The human body is made up of several systems. The mouth, esophagus, and stomach are all parts of which system?

Choices:
A. circulatory
B. digestive
C. nervous
D. skeletal

Answer: B

Question: The human body is made up of several systems. The mouth, esophagus, and stomach are all parts of which system?
Answer:


Question: A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring?

Choices:
A. noise levels
B. intensity of light
C. relative humidity
D. types of thermal energy

Answer: A

Question: A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring?
Answer:


Question: Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm?

Choices:
A. amoeba
B. euglena
C. paramecium
D. volvox

Answer: B

Question: Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm?
Answer:


Question: Which statement is an inference?

Choices:
1. A thermometer shows that the air temperature is 56°F.
2. A mineral sample of galena produced a gray-black streak when tested.
3. Based on previous data, ten hurricanes may occur in the year 2013.
4. A weather vane indicates the wind is coming from the west.

Answer: 3

Based on previous data, ten hurricanes may occur in the year 2013.

Question: Which statement is an inference?
Answer:


Question: The discovery of penicillin helped in the

Choices:
A. treatment of infections.
B. healing of bones.
C. discovery of viruses.
D. search for diseases.

Answer: A

Question: The discovery of penicillin helped in the
Answer:


Question: The climate of an area would be expected to have the least fluctuations in temperatures where the

Choices:
A. atmospheric nitrogen is low.
B. vegetation is sparse.
C. days are longest.
D. humidity is high.

Answer: D

Question: The climate of an area would be expected to have the least fluctuations in temperatures where the
Answer:


Question: Which process is common to most living things?

Choices:
A. flying
B. talking
C. seeing
D. reproducing

Answer: D

Question: Which process is common to most living things?
Answer:


Question: Which statement best compares gravity on the Moon to gravity on Earth?

Choices:
A. Gravity on the Moon is greater because it is closer to the Sun.
B. Gravity on the Moon is less because it is smaller than the Earth.
C. Gravity on the Moon is less because it has less atmosphere than the Earth.
D. Gravity on the Moon is greater because it has less mass than the Earth.

Answer: B

Gravity on the Moon is less because it is smaller than the Earth.

Question: Which statement best compares gravity on the Moon to gravity on Earth?
Answer:


Question: Which color baseball cap would absorb the most light on a sunny day?

Choices:
A. pink
B. black
C. white
D. yellow

Answer: B

Question: Which color baseball cap would absorb the most light on a sunny day?
Answer:


Question: During which time of day are the highest temperatures most often recorded?

Choices:
A. sunset
B. afternoon
C. sunrise
D. night

Answer: B

Question: During which time of day are the highest temperatures most often recorded?
Answer:


Question: Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand

Choices:
A. compounds
B. mixtures
C. solutions
D. elements

Answer: B

Question: Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand
Answer:


Question: Which event is an example of conduction?

Choices:
A. Sunlight travels from the Sun to warm Earth.
B. Boiling water in a pot warms a spoon inside the pot.
C. A fire in a fireplace warms the air in a room.
D. Cold water is heated in a microwave oven.

Answer: B

Boiling water in a pot warms a spoon inside the pot.

Question: Which event is an example of conduction?
Answer:


Question: The human respiratory system is responsible for removing

Choices:
1. fat from cells
2. carbon dioxide from blood
3. hormones from glands
4. nutrients from food

Answer: 2

Question: The human respiratory system is responsible for removing
Answer:


Question: Which of these properties of water has the greatest effect on the water cycle?

Choices:
A. neutral pH
B. freezing and boiling points
C. dissolves many substances
D. forms six-sided crystals

Answer: B

Question: Which of these properties of water has the greatest effect on the water cycle?
Answer:


Question: A lack of control in the muscular system is most likely related to a problem in what other organ system?

Choices:
A. nervous
B. immune
C. excretory
D. digestive

Answer: A

Question: A lack of control in the muscular system is most likely related to a problem in what other organ system?
Answer:


Question: In which of the following are nutrients directly absorbed from the bloodstream?

Choices:
A. cell
B. organ
C. organisms
D. tissue

Answer: A

Question: In which of the following are nutrients directly absorbed from the bloodstream?
Answer:


Question: From simplest to most complicated, how are multicellular organisms organized?

Choices:
A. organ system, organ, cell, tissue
B. organ, tissue, cell, organ system
C. tissue, cell, organ system, organ
D. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Answer: D

Question: From simplest to most complicated, how are multicellular organisms organized?
Answer:


Question: Based on the organization of living things, tissues

Choices:
A. form systems.
B. are made of cells.
C. are made of organs.
D. do the work of cells.

Answer: B

Question: Based on the organization of living things, tissues
Answer:


Question: Less force is required to launch a spaceship from the surface of the Moon than to launch an identical ship from the surface of Earth because

Choices:
A. the Moon has a smaller surface area than Earth.
B. the mass of an object on Earth is greater than on the Moon.
C. the gravitational field of the Moon is less than that of Earth.
D. the atmosphere of the Moon is much thinner than that of Earth.

Answer: C

the gravitational field of the Moon is less than that of Earth.

Question: Less force is required to launch a spaceship from the surface of the Moon than to launch an identical ship from the surface of Earth because
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is a direct result of Earth's tilt on its axis?

Choices:
A. tides
B. seasons
C. weather
D. gravity

Answer: B

Question: Which of the following is a direct result of Earth's tilt on its axis?
Answer:


Question: The burning of fossil fuels in cities results in high levels of air pollution. Which urban design would best help reduce air pollution?

Choices:
A. numerous park areas
B. frequent trash recycling
C. efficient public transportation
D. effective street lighting

Answer: C

Question: The burning of fossil fuels in cities results in high levels of air pollution. Which urban design would best help reduce air pollution?
Answer:


Question: What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems?

Choices:
A. increased fish populations
B. more biodiversity over time
C. less oxygen available for fish
D. reduced water levels

Answer: C

Question: What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems?
Answer:


Question: Which scientist is best known for research that led to the modern understanding of the atom?

Choices:
A. Newton
B. Dalton
C. Galileo
D. Copernicus

Answer: B

Question: Which scientist is best known for research that led to the modern understanding of the atom?
Answer:


Question: Energy is absorbed and released through endothermic and exothermic processes. Which is an example of an exothermic process?

Choices:
A. ice melting
B. ice sublimating
C. water evaporating
D. water freezing

Answer: D

Question: Energy is absorbed and released through endothermic and exothermic processes. Which is an example of an exothermic process?
Answer:


Question: A scientist is watching birds from far away. Which object is the scientist most likely using to watch the birds?

Choices:
A. goggles
B. binoculars
C. sunglasses
D. microscope

Answer: B

Question: A scientist is watching birds from far away. Which object is the scientist most likely using to watch the birds?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is required to support the theory of star formation?

Choices:
A. laws passed by the government
B. Internet sites discussing star formation
C. pictures of stars of different ages
D. evaluation of data by many scientists

Answer: D

Question: Which of these is required to support the theory of star formation?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following units best represents the density of an object?

Choices:
A. kg
B. hr
C. m/s^2
D. g/cm^3

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following units best represents the density of an object?
Answer:


Question: An increase of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere is most likely to have which effect?

Choices:
A. decreased variations in day length
B. increased average air temperature
C. increased burn rate for incoming meteoroids
D. decreased rate of ozone layer destruction

Answer: B

Question: An increase of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere is most likely to have which effect?
Answer:


Question: Ava conducted an experiment to determine respiratory rates during different activities. She counted the number of breaths per minute. Ava noted that the number of breaths increases as physical activity increases. Why is there an increase in the number of breaths per minute as activity increases?

Choices:
A. As activity increases, more oxygen is exhaled.
B. As activity increases, breathing becomes more efficient.
C. As activity increases, the oxygen needs of cells increase.
D. As activity increases, the rate of the heart beating increases.

Answer: C

As activity increases, the oxygen needs of cells increase.

Question: Ava conducted an experiment to determine respiratory rates during different activities. She counted the number of breaths per minute. Ava noted that the number of breaths increases as physical activity increases. Why is there an increase in the number of breaths per minute as activity increases?
Answer:


Question: A ball rolling on the ground is observed to slow down and stop. Based on Newton's first law of motion, what is the best conclusion?

Choices:
A. An object in motion eventually stops.
B. The ball must have been going slightly uphill.
C. The ball did not have enough mass to keep going.
D. There must have been an outside force acting on the ball.

Answer: D

There must have been an outside force acting on the ball.

Question: A ball rolling on the ground is observed to slow down and stop. Based on Newton's first law of motion, what is the best conclusion?
Answer:


Question: As the loudness of a sound wave increases, which will also increase?

Choices:
A. amplitude
B. frequency
C. velocity
D. wavelength

Answer: A

Question: As the loudness of a sound wave increases, which will also increase?
Answer:


Question: A student measures the rising temperature of heated water for 20 minutes in two-minute intervals. Which of these tools will best help the student organize the data?

Choices:
A. flow chart
B. pie chart
C. data table
D. bar graph

Answer: C

Question: A student measures the rising temperature of heated water for 20 minutes in two-minute intervals. Which of these tools will best help the student organize the data?
Answer:


Question: Marta and Roger are comparing how long it takes two different types of seeds to sprout. They plant both types of seeds in similar pots, place them in a sunny window, and water them daily. If they want to conduct their investigation correctly, which information is most important to record?

Choices:
A. the depth of the soil
B. the temperature of the water
C. the number of days until the seeds sprout
D. the size of pot used for growing the seeds

Answer: C

the number of days until the seeds sprout

Question: Marta and Roger are comparing how long it takes two different types of seeds to sprout. They plant both types of seeds in similar pots, place them in a sunny window, and water them daily. If they want to conduct their investigation correctly, which information is most important to record?
Answer:


Question: A student fails to eat a balanced diet over a period of time. This lack of a balanced diet can lead to

Choices:
1. selective breeding
2. dynamic equilibrium
3. extinction
4. disease

Answer: 4

Question: A student fails to eat a balanced diet over a period of time. This lack of a balanced diet can lead to
Answer:


Question: What should be added to soil to increase its water retention?

Choices:
A. pebbles
B. sand
C. rocks
D. clay

Answer: D

Question: What should be added to soil to increase its water retention?
Answer:


Question: Which statement describes the formation of a delta?

Choices:
A. A large mass of ice and snow accumulates.
B. A mound of sand is built by wind.
C. A low area of land is surrounded by mountains.
D. A mass of sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river.

Answer: D

A mass of sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river.

Question: Which statement describes the formation of a delta?
Answer:


Question: A plant that has traits identical to the parent plant provides evidence that the plant

Choices:
A. resulted from sexual reproduction.
B. resulted from asexual reproduction.
C. will develop many seeds.
D. will have large leaves.

Answer: B

Question: A plant that has traits identical to the parent plant provides evidence that the plant
Answer:


Question: Which widely used energy sources are nonrenewable and also a source of greenhouse gas emissions?

Choices:
A. wind turbines
B. hydroelectric dams
C. fossil fuels
D. solar cells

Answer: C

Question: Which widely used energy sources are nonrenewable and also a source of greenhouse gas emissions?
Answer:


Question: At an archaeological dig site, scientists, volunteers, and students collect items used by people living hundreds of years ago. To determine the history of the different people who may have lived at the site, which is the best method to classify the recovered items?

Choices:
A. by the type of item
B. by the size of the item
C. by the person who located the item
D. by the soil layer where the item was found

Answer: D

by the soil layer where the item was found

Question: At an archaeological dig site, scientists, volunteers, and students collect items used by people living hundreds of years ago. To determine the history of the different people who may have lived at the site, which is the best method to classify the recovered items?
Answer:


Question: During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo a series of reactions. This process results in the formation of up to 38 molecules of high-energy ATP per each molecule of glucose. Which is the source of the energy stored in these ATP molecules?

Choices:
A. kinetic energy generated by the chemical reactions
B. chemical energy originally stored in the glucose molecule
C. electric current created during the destruction of electrons in the glucose
D. potential energy from the difference in the concentration gradients of the cell

Answer: B

chemical energy originally stored in the glucose molecule

Question: During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo a series of reactions. This process results in the formation of up to 38 molecules of high-energy ATP per each molecule of glucose. Which is the source of the energy stored in these ATP molecules?
Answer:


Question: The temperatures in space vary from extremely cold to extremely hot. Earth's surface temperature is relatively stable. Which of these is most responsible for Earth's surface temperatures?

Choices:
A. solar radiation reflected from the Moon
B. many volcanic eruptions near the Ring of Fire
C. the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere
D. plankton distribution in shallow ocean waters

Answer: C

Question: The temperatures in space vary from extremely cold to extremely hot. Earth's surface temperature is relatively stable. Which of these is most responsible for Earth's surface temperatures?
Answer:


Question: Some campers are sitting around a campfire outside their tent. Which product of the fire is in the form of electromagnetic waves?

Choices:
A. light
B. smoke
C. sound
D. water vapor

Answer: A

Question: Some campers are sitting around a campfire outside their tent. Which product of the fire is in the form of electromagnetic waves?
Answer:


Question: In Type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. Without insulin, people that have Type 1 diabetes are unable to regulate blood glucose levels. What two symptoms are most likely associated with Type 1 diabetes?

Choices:
A. extreme thirst and weight loss
B. intense aches and spasms
C. severe loss of hearing and vision
D. excessive loss of coordination and memory

Answer: A

Question: In Type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. Without insulin, people that have Type 1 diabetes are unable to regulate blood glucose levels. What two symptoms are most likely associated with Type 1 diabetes?
Answer:


Question: Seasons in Alaska are primarily caused by which factor as Earth revolves around the Sun?

Choices:
A. the tilt of Earth on its axis
B. the rate of rotation of Earth
C. the effects of solar flare activity
D. the relative distance between Earth and the Sun

Answer: A

Question: Seasons in Alaska are primarily caused by which factor as Earth revolves around the Sun?
Answer:


Question: Which of these correctly lists Earth's layers in order from the center to the surface?

Choices:
A. outer core, inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere
B. asthenosphere, lithosphere, outer core, inner core
C. inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere, outer core
D. inner core, outer core, asthenosphere, lithosphere

Answer: D

inner core, outer core, asthenosphere, lithosphere

Question: Which of these correctly lists Earth's layers in order from the center to the surface?
Answer:


Question: Which form of energy do plants need to capture in order to perform photosynthesis?

Choices:
A. heat
B. solar
C. chemical
D. electrical

Answer: B

Question: Which form of energy do plants need to capture in order to perform photosynthesis?
Answer:


Question: Which of these warms most of the air, water, and land on Earth?

Choices:
A. Coal
B. Electricity
C. Sunlight
D. Wind

Answer: C

Question: Which of these warms most of the air, water, and land on Earth?
Answer:


Question: Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?

Choices:
A. Continental shelves
B. Continental slopes
C. Ocean trenches
D. Abyssal plains

Answer: C

Question: Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?
Answer:


Question: Which is an inherited characteristic on a horse?

Choices:
A. a long mane
B. a steel shoe
C. a missing tooth
D. a bruised leg

Answer: A

Question: Which is an inherited characteristic on a horse?
Answer:


Question: Ice cubes are an example of which form of water?

Choices:
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Solid
D. Natural

Answer: C

Question: Ice cubes are an example of which form of water?
Answer:


Question: The main function of a fish's fins is to help the fish

Choices:
A. reproduce
B. see
C. breathe
D. move

Answer: D

Question: The main function of a fish's fins is to help the fish
Answer:


Question: Which of these moves in a regular path around the Sun?

Choices:
A. a planet
B. a constellation
C. a meteor
D. a star

Answer: A

Question: Which of these moves in a regular path around the Sun?
Answer:


Question: Indigo buntings are birds that nest in Florida during the summer. Male buntings are bright blue in color while females are a dull brown. How does the dull brown color of the female buntings help the species survive?

Choices:
A. It helps male birds find a mate.
B. It helps the birds find food more easily.
C. It helps hide the birds while they sit on their nests.
D. It helps the birds find the flock when migrating.

Answer: C

It helps hide the birds while they sit on their nests.

Question: Indigo buntings are birds that nest in Florida during the summer. Male buntings are bright blue in color while females are a dull brown. How does the dull brown color of the female buntings help the species survive?
Answer:


Question: Which statement best explains why the force of a hurricane diminishes as the hurricane moves over land?

Choices:
A. A high pressure area develops.
B. The sea level rises on the coast.
C. The winds start to spin clockwise.
D. The supply of warm, moist air decreases.

Answer: D

The supply of warm, moist air decreases.

Question: Which statement best explains why the force of a hurricane diminishes as the hurricane moves over land?
Answer:


Question: Which trait does a cactus seedling inherit from its parents?

Choices:
A. the amount of water it absorbs
B. the length of its spines
C. the type of organism that pollinates its flowers
D. the number of organisms that consume its fruit

Answer: B

Question: Which trait does a cactus seedling inherit from its parents?
Answer:


Question: What event occurs because of the rotation of Earth?

Choices:
A. tides
B. four seasons
C. night and day
D. changes in the weather

Answer: C

Question: What event occurs because of the rotation of Earth?
Answer:


Question: Shale is a common sedimentary rock. Which of these was required to form shale?

Choices:
A. evaporating
B. condensing
C. melting
D. compacting

Answer: D

Question: Shale is a common sedimentary rock. Which of these was required to form shale?
Answer:


Question: What are two of Earth's natural resources?

Choices:
A. nuclear power plants and batteries
B. forests and nuclear power plants
C. batteries and waterfalls
D. forests and waterfalls

Answer: D

Question: What are two of Earth's natural resources?
Answer:


Question: The following advertisement was placed in the window of a camping supply store. "The double-thermal 'Polar Snooze' sleeping bag is here! It will keep you warm for winter camping!" Based on this advertisement, the best conclusion about Polar Snooze sleeping bags is that they

Choices:
A. are lightweight.
B. have insulation.
C. make winter camping easy.
D. cost less than other sleeping bags.

Answer: B

Question: The following advertisement was placed in the window of a camping supply store. "The double-thermal 'Polar Snooze' sleeping bag is here! It will keep you warm for winter camping!" Based on this advertisement, the best conclusion about Polar Snooze sleeping bags is that they
Answer:


Question: The mass of an object is measured using which unit?

Choices:
A. liter
B. gram
C. meter
D. yard

Answer: B

Question: The mass of an object is measured using which unit?
Answer:


Question: Four objects are on a wooden ramp. Which object is most likely to roll off the ramp if it is pushed gently?

Choices:
A. flat eraser
B. round ball
C. bent paper clip
D. wooden cube

Answer: B

Question: Four objects are on a wooden ramp. Which object is most likely to roll off the ramp if it is pushed gently?
Answer:


Question: Which alternative energy resource adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. nuclear energy
B. biofuel energy
C. wind energy
D. geothermal energy

Answer: B

Question: Which alternative energy resource adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Substances enter any plant or animal cell by passing through which of the following structures?

Choices:
A. nucleus
B. cell membrane
C. vacuole
D. chloroplast

Answer: B

Question: Substances enter any plant or animal cell by passing through which of the following structures?
Answer:


Question: When riding a roller coaster, an electric motor pulls the roller coaster to the top of the first hill. What force pulls the roller coaster down the hill?

Choices:
A. friction
B. speed
C. gravity
D. mass

Answer: C

Question: When riding a roller coaster, an electric motor pulls the roller coaster to the top of the first hill. What force pulls the roller coaster down the hill?
Answer:


Question: When scientists proposed the Theory of Continental Drift, there were many skeptics. Which discovery confirmed that the continents move on plates?

Choices:
A. deep-sea currents
B. earthquake formation
C. spreading of the sea floor
D. sedimentary rocks

Answer: C

Question: When scientists proposed the Theory of Continental Drift, there were many skeptics. Which discovery confirmed that the continents move on plates?
Answer:


Question: All of the populations of species in an area make up a

Choices:
A. region
B. niche
C. family
D. community

Answer: D

Question: All of the populations of species in an area make up a
Answer:


Question: The Earth's equator receives more direct sunlight than the regions to its north and south. This distribution of sunlight accounts directly for which phenomenon?

Choices:
A. The westward deflection of equatorial winds.
B. The movement of rising air currents away from the equator.
C. The rotation of storm systems.
D. The formation of calm "eyes" in the centers of cyclones.

Answer: B

The movement of rising air currents away from the equator.

Question: The Earth's equator receives more direct sunlight than the regions to its north and south. This distribution of sunlight accounts directly for which phenomenon?
Answer:


Question: Water puddles on a sidewalk evaporate when the Sun heats the water. Which of these best describes what is happening as the water evaporates?

Choices:
A. Water changes phase as it releases heat to the environment.
B. Water boils as it absorbs energy from the sidewalk.
C. Water becomes a gas as it absorbs energy from the Sun.
D. Water evaporates as its thermal energy is transferred to the air.

Answer: C

Water becomes a gas as it absorbs energy from the Sun.

Question: Water puddles on a sidewalk evaporate when the Sun heats the water. Which of these best describes what is happening as the water evaporates?
Answer:


Question: Which gas is transported by the circulatory system in humans and is used by cells during respiration to release energy stored in food?

Choices:
1. carbon dioxide
2. nitrogen
3. hydrogen
4. oxygen

Answer: 4

Question: Which gas is transported by the circulatory system in humans and is used by cells during respiration to release energy stored in food?
Answer:


Question: Which are caused by the Coriolis Effect?

Choices:
A. tornadoes
B. volcanoes
C. wind patterns
D. stationary fronts

Answer: C

Question: Which are caused by the Coriolis Effect?
Answer:


Question: A certain fossil (Y) is found in a layer of rock that lies between two index fossils, X and Z. Surprisingly, the older of the index fossils (Z) is found above the other fossils, suggesting that the rock layer has overturned. Which dating method is best to confirm the rock layer has overturned by determining the ages of these fossils?

Choices:
A. anatomical comparison
B. gene sequencing
C. radiometric analysis
D. fossil depth measurement

Answer: C

Question: A certain fossil (Y) is found in a layer of rock that lies between two index fossils, X and Z. Surprisingly, the older of the index fossils (Z) is found above the other fossils, suggesting that the rock layer has overturned. Which dating method is best to confirm the rock layer has overturned by determining the ages of these fossils?
Answer:


Question: Skunks spray a strong-smelling liquid to ___.

Choices:
A. get rid of wastes
B. attract prey
C. defend themselves
D. help nearby plants grow

Answer: C

Question: Skunks spray a strong-smelling liquid to ___.
Answer:


Question: Which is a basic structure found in all living organisms?

Choices:
A. cell
B. organ
C. compound
D. element

Answer: A

Question: Which is a basic structure found in all living organisms?
Answer:


Question: Which measurement is the most accurate way to describe the distance between the Sun and its nearest neighboring star?

Choices:
A. 4 light-years
B. 400 light-years
C. 4 billion kilometers
D. 400 billion kilometers

Answer: A

Question: Which measurement is the most accurate way to describe the distance between the Sun and its nearest neighboring star?
Answer:


Question: Auroras occur where Earth's magnetosphere traps high-energy particles in which region of the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. troposphere
B. stratosphere
C. thermosphere
D. exosphere

Answer: C

Question: Auroras occur where Earth's magnetosphere traps high-energy particles in which region of the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Finding fossils of warm-weather plants in the rock layers of a cold northern island suggests that

Choices:
A. the plants used to be harvested for food.
B. the island used to be located farther south.
C. the climate of the island used to be warmer.
D. the fossils used to be more resistant to cold.

Answer: C

the climate of the island used to be warmer.

Question: Finding fossils of warm-weather plants in the rock layers of a cold northern island suggests that
Answer:


Question: Which of the following parts of the human body is most complex?

Choices:
A. heart
B. kidney
C. white blood cell
D. central nervous system

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following parts of the human body is most complex?
Answer:


Question: Use the information below to answer the question. Many people are concerned that the reduction in the number of acres of forested area on Earth will lead to a large reduction in the amount of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere. If this happens, an organism's ability to breathe would be affected. The effect would be similar to moving the organism from

Choices:
A. sea level to a mountaintop.
B. sea level to a valley below sea level.
C. a mountaintop to sea level.
D. a beach at sea level to a valley at sea level.

Answer: A

Question: Use the information below to answer the question. Many people are concerned that the reduction in the number of acres of forested area on Earth will lead to a large reduction in the amount of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere. If this happens, an organism's ability to breathe would be affected. The effect would be similar to moving the organism from
Answer:


Question: Raquel fed a litter of five kittens an all-meat diet for two weeks and found that they gained an average of 15 ounces. She concluded that eating meat is the best way to help kittens grow. What should Raquel have done to make this a better experiment?

Choices:
A. tested five kittens on a non-meat diet also
B. weighed the kittens in grams
C. used only one kitten
D. tested dogs as well as cats

Answer: A

tested five kittens on a non-meat diet also

Question: Raquel fed a litter of five kittens an all-meat diet for two weeks and found that they gained an average of 15 ounces. She concluded that eating meat is the best way to help kittens grow. What should Raquel have done to make this a better experiment?
Answer:


Question: Heating and cooling water change the state of matter of water. What happens when a block of ice is heated to 10° Celsius?

Choices:
A. It melts to form liquid water.
B. It condenses to form liquid water.
C. It freezes to become heavier ice.
D. It evaporates to become a vapor (gas).

Answer: A

Question: Heating and cooling water change the state of matter of water. What happens when a block of ice is heated to 10° Celsius?
Answer:


Question: Two characteristics of the Nevada climate are low humidity and abundant sunshine. This combination of characteristics most likely results in

Choices:
A. low altitude fog.
B. rapid evaporation.
C. high elevation snowfall.
D. frequent thunderstorms.

Answer: B

Question: Two characteristics of the Nevada climate are low humidity and abundant sunshine. This combination of characteristics most likely results in
Answer:


Question: A student made observations of four rock samples. Which of these observations most likely describes a sedimentary rock?

Choices:
A. Sample 1 has bands of light and dark crystals.
B. Sample 2 has pink, gray, and white crystals grown together.
C. Sample 3 is made up of one huge, pale pink crystal.
D. Sample 4 is made up of layers of sand grains cemented together.

Answer: D

Sample 4 is made up of layers of sand grains cemented together.

Question: A student made observations of four rock samples. Which of these observations most likely describes a sedimentary rock?
Answer:


Question: What is a way of improving air quality?

Choices:
A. driving large cars
B. building more factories
C. burning wood in the fireplace
D. using solar energy to produce electricity

Answer: D

using solar energy to produce electricity

Question: What is a way of improving air quality?
Answer:


Question: Common soaps are often basic. Which of these is a property of a chemical base?

Choices:
A. sour taste
B. pH equal to 6
C. turns litmus paper blue
D. forms bubbles with limestone

Answer: C

Question: Common soaps are often basic. Which of these is a property of a chemical base?
Answer:


Question: Ducks live near ponds and lakes. The shape of a duck's foot helps it swim and walk on muddy ground. Which factor is most important in determining the shape of a baby duck's foot?

Choices:
A. the shape of the parent ducks' feet
B. the temperature of the pond water
C. the amount of mud in the bottom of the pond
D. the amount of rain that fell before the duck was born

Answer: A

Question: Ducks live near ponds and lakes. The shape of a duck's foot helps it swim and walk on muddy ground. Which factor is most important in determining the shape of a baby duck's foot?
Answer:


Question: Elias investigates whether soaking beans in water before planting affects how the beans grow. Which beans would most likely be the control group?

Choices:
A. the beans that were soaked the least amount of time
B. the beans that were not soaked in water
C. the beans that had the greatest mass
D. the beans that grew the tallest

Answer: B

Question: Elias investigates whether soaking beans in water before planting affects how the beans grow. Which beans would most likely be the control group?
Answer:


Question: Kendra's mom is purchasing a car, but cannot decide what color to get. Kendra advises her mom that a car with a black exterior will be uncomfortable in the summer. This observation is correct because dark objects, as compared to lighter colored objects,

Choices:
A. reduce heat transfer.
B. are generally more dense.
C. absorb more of the Sun's energy.
D. reflect sunlight more efficiently.

Answer: C

Question: Kendra's mom is purchasing a car, but cannot decide what color to get. Kendra advises her mom that a car with a black exterior will be uncomfortable in the summer. This observation is correct because dark objects, as compared to lighter colored objects,
Answer:


Question: A student mixes a spoonful of sand into a beaker of water. Which two methods can be used to separate the sand from the water?

Choices:
A. filtration and evaporation
B. settling and chromatography
C. chromatography and filtration
D. settling and magnetic attraction

Answer: A

Question: A student mixes a spoonful of sand into a beaker of water. Which two methods can be used to separate the sand from the water?
Answer:


Question: A student is reading the nutritional information on a box of cereal. It says that a single serving contains 215 calories. Which type of energy is being measured by this unit?

Choices:
A. kinetic
B. chemical
C. electrical
D. mechanical

Answer: B

Question: A student is reading the nutritional information on a box of cereal. It says that a single serving contains 215 calories. Which type of energy is being measured by this unit?
Answer:


Question: Plants that are different from each another may have similar structures. Which structure do all plants have in common?

Choices:
A. flowers
B. fruit
C. roots
D. trunks

Answer: C

Question: Plants that are different from each another may have similar structures. Which structure do all plants have in common?
Answer:


Question: Michael Faraday showed how electric current in a wire produces

Choices:
A. molecules
B. chemicals
C. a vibration
D. a magnetic field

Answer: D

Question: Michael Faraday showed how electric current in a wire produces
Answer:


Question: The Great Miami Aquifer is a large underground water supply that lies under much of southwest Ohio. The water level of the aquifer could be reduced over time by too much

Choices:
A. rainfall.
B. pollution.
C. irrigation.
D. evaporation.

Answer: C

Question: The Great Miami Aquifer is a large underground water supply that lies under much of southwest Ohio. The water level of the aquifer could be reduced over time by too much
Answer:


Question: Which type of ecosystem has the greatest variation in temperature from its top to its bottom?

Choices:
A. lake
B. pond
C. ocean
D. estuary

Answer: C

Question: Which type of ecosystem has the greatest variation in temperature from its top to its bottom?
Answer:


Question: The European starling entered North America in the late 1800s. It proved very successful and was able to spread throughout the United States by 1955. The survival and rapid reproduction of starlings most likely limited the population size of which organisms within its habitats?

Choices:
A. its decomposers
B. its competitors
C. its mutualists
D. its predators

Answer: B

Question: The European starling entered North America in the late 1800s. It proved very successful and was able to spread throughout the United States by 1955. The survival and rapid reproduction of starlings most likely limited the population size of which organisms within its habitats?
Answer:


Question: Which of these best describes the relationship between Earth's layers?

Choices:
A. The hottest layers are closest to the core.
B. The more liquid layers are closest to the crust.
C. The lightest layers are closest to the core.
D. The more metallic layers are closest to the crust.

Answer: A

The hottest layers are closest to the core.

Question: Which of these best describes the relationship between Earth's layers?
Answer:


Question: Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement?

Choices:
A. mean material densities
B. magnetic material content
C. heat absorption and retention properties
D. rate of radioactivity-related heat release

Answer: C

heat absorption and retention properties

Question: Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement?
Answer:


Question: The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly?

Choices:
A. steel
B. plastic
C. glass
D. paper

Answer: D

Question: The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly?
Answer:


Question: Which is a primary energy source used by power plants to generate electricity?

Choices:
A. coal
B. wood
C. gasoline
D. batteries

Answer: A

Question: Which is a primary energy source used by power plants to generate electricity?
Answer:


Question: Which material is attracted to a magnet?

Choices:
A. iron
B. wood
C. plastic
D. ice

Answer: A

Question: Which material is attracted to a magnet?
Answer:


Question: A scientist discovered a way to turn plant material into fuel. This more cleanly burning fuel can be used in cars. How do people most likely benefit from turning plant material into fuel?

Choices:
A. Cars are safer to drive.
B. Farmers grow more plants.
C. The amount of air pollution is reduced.
D. The number of cars around the world increases.

Answer: C

Question: A scientist discovered a way to turn plant material into fuel. This more cleanly burning fuel can be used in cars. How do people most likely benefit from turning plant material into fuel?
Answer:


Question: A biological community is made up of all the

Choices:
1. populations living in an area
2. natural resources present in an area
3. members of a species on Earth
4. environments on Earth

Answer: 1

Question: A biological community is made up of all the
Answer:


Question: Rocks are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous on the basis of the

Choices:
1. age of the rocks
2. way the rocks were formed
3. types of fossils the rocks contain
4. number of minerals found in the rocks

Answer: 2

Question: Rocks are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous on the basis of the
Answer:


Question: Two empty metal cans, one black and one white, were placed outside on a hot day. Both cans were the same size and were left in the Sun for 3 hours. Compared to the white can, the black can would most likely be

Choices:
A. cooler, because it absorbs less sunlight
B. cooler, because it absorbs more sunlight
C. warmer, because it absorbs less sunlight
D. warmer, because it absorbs more sunlight

Answer: D

warmer, because it absorbs more sunlight

Question: Two empty metal cans, one black and one white, were placed outside on a hot day. Both cans were the same size and were left in the Sun for 3 hours. Compared to the white can, the black can would most likely be
Answer:


Question: Which natural process is responsible for the formation of the Mississippi Delta?

Choices:
A. snow
B. drought
C. deposition
D. weathering

Answer: C

Question: Which natural process is responsible for the formation of the Mississippi Delta?
Answer:


Question: Which tool is used to observe the cell wall of a leaf?

Choices:
A. ruler
B. camera
C. hand lens
D. microscope

Answer: D

Question: Which tool is used to observe the cell wall of a leaf?
Answer:


Question: Leslie's science teacher told her she must take a flexible approach to solving problems. What did Leslie's teacher most likely mean?

Choices:
A. Leslie should not follow the experimental instructions exactly.
B. Leslie should only write down lab results that seem to be correct.
C. Leslie should accept all scientific theories even if they have been proven wrong.
D. Leslie should be willing to consider many possible causes for her observations.

Answer: D

Leslie should be willing to consider many possible causes for her observations.

Question: Leslie's science teacher told her she must take a flexible approach to solving problems. What did Leslie's teacher most likely mean?
Answer:


Question: Which organisms break down and recycle dead plants and animals?

Choices:
A. predators
B. prey
C. decomposers
D. producers

Answer: C

Question: Which organisms break down and recycle dead plants and animals?
Answer:


Question: A student records the temperature in the schoolyard every day for a month. Which is the best way to present the temperature data so each day can be compared?

Choices:
A. summary paragraph
B. labeled diagram
C. pie chart
D. bar graph

Answer: D

Question: A student records the temperature in the schoolyard every day for a month. Which is the best way to present the temperature data so each day can be compared?
Answer:


Question: Which would most likely cause a decrease in the number of woodpeckers in an ecosystem?

Choices:
A. draining a spring-fed pond
B. plowing and planting meadows
C. destroying all dead trees and stumps
D. building a road around a small forest

Answer: C

Question: Which would most likely cause a decrease in the number of woodpeckers in an ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: During which process are nuclei duplicated?

Choices:
A. mitosis
B. respiration
C. photosynthesis
D. fertilization

Answer: A

Question: During which process are nuclei duplicated?
Answer:


Question: In the rock cycle an igneous rock forms from

Choices:
A. cooling temperatures
B. high pressure and heat
C. weathering and erosion
D. compacted plant remains

Answer: A

Question: In the rock cycle an igneous rock forms from
Answer:


Question: Which of these has been controlled in an attempt to reduce the depletion of ozone in Earth's atmosphere?

Choices:
A. methods of filtering gasoline
B. use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
C. methods of radioactive waste storage
D. use of mercury (Hg) compounds

Answer: B

Question: Which of these has been controlled in an attempt to reduce the depletion of ozone in Earth's atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Which would be considered an inexhaustible resource?

Choices:
A. oil
B. topsoil
C. sunlight
D. aluminum

Answer: C

Question: Which would be considered an inexhaustible resource?
Answer:


Question: A student mixes salt and water in a beaker to form a solution. What properties of the substances would allow the student to then separate the components?

Choices:
A. densities
B. particle sizes
C. boiling points
D. electrical conductivity

Answer: C

Question: A student mixes salt and water in a beaker to form a solution. What properties of the substances would allow the student to then separate the components?
Answer:


Question: How does the Sun help move water from the ocean through the water cycle?

Choices:
A. by causing surface water to evaporate
B. by adding particles to the water
C. by increasing the amount of water
D. by blowing water toward land

Answer: A

Question: How does the Sun help move water from the ocean through the water cycle?
Answer:


Question: Rivers and streams can carry sediments long distances before they are deposited. What is formed when sediments are deposited at the mouth of a river?

Choices:
A. a levee
B. a gully
C. a delta
D. a rift

Answer: C

Question: Rivers and streams can carry sediments long distances before they are deposited. What is formed when sediments are deposited at the mouth of a river?
Answer:


Question: Plants store energy in what form?

Choices:
A. heat
B. light
C. chemical
D. mechanical

Answer: C

Question: Plants store energy in what form?
Answer:


Question: As wave frequency is increased, wave energy

Choices:
A. stays constant.
B. is unaffected.
C. increases.
D. decreases.

Answer: C

Question: As wave frequency is increased, wave energy
Answer:


Question: Which statement would most likely be included in a news report about an approaching hurricane?

Choices:
1. Open the windows to equalize air pressure.
2. Install snow tires and check the antifreeze in the car radiator.
3. Evacuate low-lying areas near the coast.
4. Expect wind speed to decrease for the next several hours.

Answer: 3

Evacuate low-lying areas near the coast.

Question: Which statement would most likely be included in a news report about an approaching hurricane?
Answer:


Question: Increased human populations can lead to the depletion of locally available resources within communities. Compared to other communities, which of these locally available resources is most likely to be depleted in desert communities?

Choices:
A. mineral
B. oxygen
C. gasoline
D. water

Answer: D

Question: Increased human populations can lead to the depletion of locally available resources within communities. Compared to other communities, which of these locally available resources is most likely to be depleted in desert communities?
Answer:


Question: The most common source of nonrenewable resources used to generate electricity in the state of Nevada is

Choices:
A. oil.
B. coal.
C. geothermal.
D. hydroelectric.

Answer: B

Question: The most common source of nonrenewable resources used to generate electricity in the state of Nevada is
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is a benefit of using radiation as a medical treatment?

Choices:
A. It kills cancer cells.
B. It produces healthy cells.
C. It improves immune system function.
D. It prevents many forms of illness in patients.

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following is a benefit of using radiation as a medical treatment?
Answer:


Question: Sonar can be used to measure distances underwater. This is accomplished by sending a sound wave to a "target" while measuring the total time it takes for the wave to reach the target and then return to its source. Which of the following sound wave characteristics must be known when using sonar to measure distances?

Choices:
A. amplitude
B. wavelength
C. frequency
D. speed

Answer: D

Question: Sonar can be used to measure distances underwater. This is accomplished by sending a sound wave to a "target" while measuring the total time it takes for the wave to reach the target and then return to its source. Which of the following sound wave characteristics must be known when using sonar to measure distances?
Answer:


Question: A student finds an animal in the wild. He decides it is a bird because it has

Choices:
A. fins.
B. scales.
C. feathers.
D. four legs.

Answer: C

Question: A student finds an animal in the wild. He decides it is a bird because it has
Answer:


Question: Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth?

Choices:
A. Sun
B. Moon
C. Mars
D. Saturn

Answer: B

Question: Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth?
Answer:


Question: From what source does almost all heat energy on Earth come?

Choices:
A. Wind
B. Water
C. The Sun
D. The Moon

Answer: C

Question: From what source does almost all heat energy on Earth come?
Answer:


Question: In humans, digestion begins in the mouth. The complete process of digestion occurs with the help of many different parts of the body. Which term best identifies the parts of the body that carry out the function of digestion?

Choices:
A. an organ
B. an organism
C. a system
D. a tissue

Answer: C

Question: In humans, digestion begins in the mouth. The complete process of digestion occurs with the help of many different parts of the body. Which term best identifies the parts of the body that carry out the function of digestion?
Answer:


Question: What information would be most helpful to a person with allergies when selecting food products?

Choices:
A. the ingredients
B. the serving size
C. the nutritional information
D. the company that makes it

Answer: A

Question: What information would be most helpful to a person with allergies when selecting food products?
Answer:


Question: As the distance between a magnet and a metal paper clip increases, the force of attraction between them

Choices:
A. decreases
B. increases
C. remains the same

Answer: A

Question: As the distance between a magnet and a metal paper clip increases, the force of attraction between them
Answer:


Question: A puppy has traits from its mother and its father. Which of these structures provides genetic information from the father to the puppy?

Choices:
A. a muscle cell
B. a nerve cell
C. a blood cell
D. a sperm cell

Answer: D

Question: A puppy has traits from its mother and its father. Which of these structures provides genetic information from the father to the puppy?
Answer:


Question: The basic life functions of an organism are carried on by

Choices:
1. cells
2. nutrients
3. atoms
4. hormones

Answer: 1

Question: The basic life functions of an organism are carried on by
Answer:


Question: Students compared the growth rate of the roots of basil plants in three different water solutions. Measurements were recorded every other day for eight weeks. Which unit of measure is most appropriate for this investigation?

Choices:
A. meters
B. centiliters
C. millimeters
D. liters

Answer: C

Question: Students compared the growth rate of the roots of basil plants in three different water solutions. Measurements were recorded every other day for eight weeks. Which unit of measure is most appropriate for this investigation?
Answer:


Question: What is the difference between magma and lava?

Choices:
A. Magma is below ground. Lava is above ground.
B. Magma is cool. Lava is hot.
C. Magma comes out of earthquakes. Lava comes out of volcanoes.
D. Magma is solid. Lava is liquid.

Answer: A

Magma is below ground. Lava is above ground.

Question: What is the difference between magma and lava?
Answer:


Question: When a person's arm touches something hot, the muscles in the arm react to pull the arm away. Which body system alerts the muscles to react?

Choices:
A. Nervous
B. Digestive
C. Circulatory
D. Respiratory

Answer: A

Question: When a person's arm touches something hot, the muscles in the arm react to pull the arm away. Which body system alerts the muscles to react?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following describes diffraction?

Choices:
A. the bouncing back of waves as they meet a surface
B. the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another
C. the bending of waves as they pass an edge or an opening
D. the combining of two waves that meet at a point

Answer: C

the bending of waves as they pass an edge or an opening

Question: Which of the following describes diffraction?
Answer:


Question: When a skydiver jumps from a plane, the open parachute will increase the air resistance by

Choices:
A. reducing fluid friction.
B. increasing surface area.
C. increasing terminal velocity.
D. decreasing mass.

Answer: B

Question: When a skydiver jumps from a plane, the open parachute will increase the air resistance by
Answer:


Question: The smallest particle of matter that can be identified as an element is called

Choices:
A. an atom.
B. a proton.
C. an electron.
D. a molecule.

Answer: A

Question: The smallest particle of matter that can be identified as an element is called
Answer:


Question: Earth's hydrosphere is a layer of

Choices:
1. rock
2. air
3. lava
4. water

Answer: 4

Question: Earth's hydrosphere is a layer of
Answer:


Question: Which statement explains why daylight and darkness occur on Earth?

Choices:
A. The Earth rotates on its axis.
B. The Sun rotates on its axis.
C. The Earth's axis is tilted.
D. The Earth revolves around the Sun.

Answer: A

Question: Which statement explains why daylight and darkness occur on Earth?
Answer:


Question: When light hits a mirror, most of the light is

Choices:
A. refracted.
B. reflected.
C. absorbed.
D. transmitted.

Answer: B

Question: When light hits a mirror, most of the light is
Answer:


Question: Which group of organisms is most responsible for changing the composition of Earth's early atmosphere?

Choices:
A. algae
B. fungi
C. reptiles
D. angiosperms

Answer: A

Question: Which group of organisms is most responsible for changing the composition of Earth's early atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Acid rain can damage limestone buildings and marble statues. It can also harm organisms living in ponds and other ecosystems. Which pollutant in the atmosphere causes most of the acid rain?

Choices:
A. fluorocarbons from aerosol spray cans
B. nitrous oxide from volcanic eruptions
C. sulfur dioxide from burning fossil fuels
D. soil particles from the use of farm equipment

Answer: C

sulfur dioxide from burning fossil fuels

Question: Acid rain can damage limestone buildings and marble statues. It can also harm organisms living in ponds and other ecosystems. Which pollutant in the atmosphere causes most of the acid rain?
Answer:


Question: Which statement describes a characteristic of both sexual and asexual reproduction?

Choices:
A. The processes require egg cells.
B. New cells are produced.
C. Two parents are required.
D. The processes produce genetically unique offspring.

Answer: B

Question: Which statement describes a characteristic of both sexual and asexual reproduction?
Answer:


Question: A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase?

Choices:
A. parasitism
B. migration
C. mutualism
D. competition

Answer: D

Question: A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase?
Answer:


Question: In the first step of making some ceramic cups, the following manufacturing process is used. Liquid clay is poured into a mold, allowed to solidify, then removed from the mold. What is the name of this manufacturing process?

Choices:
A. casting
B. milling
C. finishing
D. refining

Answer: A

Question: In the first step of making some ceramic cups, the following manufacturing process is used. Liquid clay is poured into a mold, allowed to solidify, then removed from the mold. What is the name of this manufacturing process?
Answer:


Question: A homeowner wants to use a renewable source of energy to heat the home. Which of these would be the best to use?

Choices:
A. coal
B. gas
C. oil
D. solar

Answer: D

Question: A homeowner wants to use a renewable source of energy to heat the home. Which of these would be the best to use?
Answer:


Question: Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A?

Choices:
A. The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.
B. The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.
C. The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.
D. The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B.

Answer: C

The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.

Question: Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A?
Answer:


Question: Theresa studied different forms of energy. Which is the best way of expressing the amount of mechanical energy exerted by a force?

Choices:
A. kilowatts
B. kilocalories
C. newton-meters
D. foot-pounds per second

Answer: C

Question: Theresa studied different forms of energy. Which is the best way of expressing the amount of mechanical energy exerted by a force?
Answer:


Question: The amount of elements heavier than hydrogen is constantly increasing in the universe. Which best identifies the bodies in which this change is taking place?

Choices:
A. stars
B. planets
C. galaxies
D. solar systems

Answer: A

Question: The amount of elements heavier than hydrogen is constantly increasing in the universe. Which best identifies the bodies in which this change is taking place?
Answer:


Question: A mouse's rate of carbon dioxide output increased. Which of the following most likely happened?

Choices:
A. The mouse went to sleep.
B. The mouse ate some food.
C. The mouse started running.
D. The mouse detected an odor.

Answer: C

Question: A mouse's rate of carbon dioxide output increased. Which of the following most likely happened?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following was invented by Benjamin Franklin?

Choices:
A. bifocal lens
B. telescope lens
C. telephone
D. camera

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following was invented by Benjamin Franklin?
Answer:


Question: In humans, a V-shaped hairline is dominant over a straight hairline. If one parent is homozygous for a V-shaped hairline ( HH ) while the other parent is homozygous for a straight hairline ( hh ), what is the probability that the offspring of these parents will have a straight hairline?

Choices:
A. 0%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%

Answer: A

Question: In humans, a V-shaped hairline is dominant over a straight hairline. If one parent is homozygous for a V-shaped hairline ( HH ) while the other parent is homozygous for a straight hairline ( hh ), what is the probability that the offspring of these parents will have a straight hairline?
Answer:


Question: Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?

Choices:
A. cell membrane
B. cell wall
C. cytoplasm
D. nucleus

Answer: B

Question: Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
Answer:


Question: What is the major cause of ocean waves?

Choices:
A. wind
B. Moon's gravity
C. salinity
D. Earth's rotation

Answer: A

Question: What is the major cause of ocean waves?
Answer:


Question: Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud?

Choices:
A. They are composed mostly of iron.
B. They are composed mostly of ice.
C. They regularly revolve near the Sun.
D. They regularly replenish water on Earth.

Answer: B

Question: Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud?
Answer:


Question: What is the major cause of seasonal changes?

Choices:
A. tilt of the Earth's axis
B. Earth changing its distance from the Sun
C. changing patterns in wind and ocean currents
D. cycles in the amount of energy released by the Sun

Answer: A

Question: What is the major cause of seasonal changes?
Answer:


Question: Cactus plants grow best in environments (habitats) that are

Choices:
A. hot and dry.
B. hot and wet.
C. cold and dry.
D. cold and wet.

Answer: A

Question: Cactus plants grow best in environments (habitats) that are
Answer:


Question: What is one difference between birds and reptiles?

Choices:
A. Birds lay eggs and reptiles do not.
B. Reptiles are meat-eaters and birds are not.
C. Birds breathe oxygen and reptiles do not.
D. Reptiles are cold-blooded and birds are not.

Answer: D

Reptiles are cold-blooded and birds are not.

Question: What is one difference between birds and reptiles?
Answer:


Question: The elements sulfur (S) and oxygen combine to form a substance called sulfur dioxide (SO2). Sulfur dioxide is also formed when coal and oil are burned. Sulfur dioxide can best be described as

Choices:
A. a metal
B. an atom
C. a compound
D. a nonreactive gas

Answer: C

Question: The elements sulfur (S) and oxygen combine to form a substance called sulfur dioxide (SO2). Sulfur dioxide is also formed when coal and oil are burned. Sulfur dioxide can best be described as
Answer:


Question: An earthquake is caused by sudden shifts in which of the following layers of Earth?

Choices:
A. outer core
B. crust
C. inner core
D. mesosphere

Answer: B

Question: An earthquake is caused by sudden shifts in which of the following layers of Earth?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best description of the brightness of the Sun?

Choices:
A. It is less bright than planets.
B. It is brighter than other stars.
C. It is of average brightness compared to planets.
D. It is of average brightness compared to other stars.

Answer: D

It is of average brightness compared to other stars.

Question: Which is the best description of the brightness of the Sun?
Answer:


Question: The boiling point of nitrogen is -196°C. What states of matter are involved when nitrogen boils?

Choices:
A. solid to gas
B. liquid to gas
C. liquid to solid
D. gas to liquid

Answer: B

Question: The boiling point of nitrogen is -196°C. What states of matter are involved when nitrogen boils?
Answer:


Question: Which best describes the motion of molecules in the gaseous state?

Choices:
A. They vibrate quickly in place.
B. They spread apart to fill their container.
C. They move at the same speed as in a liquid.
D. They move slowly over one another.

Answer: B

They spread apart to fill their container.

Question: Which best describes the motion of molecules in the gaseous state?
Answer:


Question: Insulin is a chemical that is released by the endocrine system to increase the absorption of glucose by the body's cells. After which activity would insulin levels in a healthy body increase?

Choices:
A. drinking water
B. taking a nap
C. swimming
D. eating

Answer: D

Question: Insulin is a chemical that is released by the endocrine system to increase the absorption of glucose by the body's cells. After which activity would insulin levels in a healthy body increase?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following travels from neuron to neuron as information is transmitted?

Choices:
A. electrochemical impulses
B. RNA strands
C. transport vesicles high in ATP
D. mechanical forces

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following travels from neuron to neuron as information is transmitted?
Answer:


Question: Spider webs help spiders

Choices:
A. avoid predators.
B. capture food.
C. stay dry.
D. keep warm.

Answer: B

Question: Spider webs help spiders
Answer:


Question: Which group of animals contains ONLY reptiles?

Choices:
A. lizard, frog, snake
B. turtle, lizard, crocodile
C. octopus, snail, turtle
D. crab, earthworm, snake

Answer: B

Question: Which group of animals contains ONLY reptiles?
Answer:


Question: Scientists have studied the specific stages in the life cycle of stars. In which stage do stars spend most of their lifetime?

Choices:
A. red giant
B. black dwarf
C. white dwarf
D. main sequence

Answer: D

Question: Scientists have studied the specific stages in the life cycle of stars. In which stage do stars spend most of their lifetime?
Answer:


Question: In a cell, a newly synthesized protein requires modification by the addition of a carbohydrate. Which structure will transport the protein from the site of synthesis to the site of modification?

Choices:
A. a ribosome
B. the endoplasmic reticulum
C. the Golgi apparatus
D. a vacuole

Answer: B

Question: In a cell, a newly synthesized protein requires modification by the addition of a carbohydrate. Which structure will transport the protein from the site of synthesis to the site of modification?
Answer:


Question: When a guitar string is strummed, it produces sound by making

Choices:
A. heat.
B. electricity.
C. vibrations.
D. light.

Answer: C

Question: When a guitar string is strummed, it produces sound by making
Answer:


Question: Which is the best way to show the percent gas composition in Earth's atmosphere?

Choices:
A. bar graph
B. line graph
C. pie chart
D. scatterplot

Answer: C

Question: Which is the best way to show the percent gas composition in Earth's atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Which organ is the site of gas exchange between the body and the environment?

Choices:
A. spleen
B. liver
C. lungs
D. pancreas

Answer: C

Question: Which organ is the site of gas exchange between the body and the environment?
Answer:


Question: If Earth revolved at a faster rate, what would most likely occur?

Choices:
A. Annual rainfall would increase.
B. Daylight hours would decrease.
C. Seasons would be shorter.
D. Annual temperature variation would be greater.

Answer: C

Question: If Earth revolved at a faster rate, what would most likely occur?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is part of the description of protein?

Choices:
A. a folded chain of amino acids
B. a folded chain of carbohydrates
C. a branched chain of fatty acids
D. a branched chain of nucleic acids

Answer: A

Question: Which of these is part of the description of protein?
Answer:


Question: Oil is an example of a natural resource that is not renewable. Which is another example of an nonrenewable resource?

Choices:
A. Wood
B. Seawater
C. Sunlight
D. Coal

Answer: D

Question: Oil is an example of a natural resource that is not renewable. Which is another example of an nonrenewable resource?
Answer: