Question: How are the life cycles of a ladybug and a frog similar?

Choices:
A. The young look like the adults in both cycles.
B. The young hatch from eggs in both cycles.
C. Both life cycles begin in a water habitat.
D. Both life cycles have a pupa stage.

Answer: B

The young hatch from eggs in both cycles.

Question: How are the life cycles of a ladybug and a frog similar?
Answer:


Question: Riding a bicycle produces several forms of energy. Which form of energy is produced in the greatest amount by pedaling a bicycle down the sidewalk?

Choices:
A. chemical
B. radiant
C. kinetic
D. sound

Answer: C

Question: Riding a bicycle produces several forms of energy. Which form of energy is produced in the greatest amount by pedaling a bicycle down the sidewalk?
Answer:


Question: Which force causes a soccer ball to fall to the ground after it has been kicked up in the air?

Choices:
A. erosion
B. friction
C. gravity
D. magnetism

Answer: C

Question: Which force causes a soccer ball to fall to the ground after it has been kicked up in the air?
Answer:


Question: A plant scientist is developing a new fertilizer called Hypergrow. She designs an experiment to test whether Hypergrow helps plants grow faster than Supergrow, a fertilizer already on the market. Which of the following should the scientist do with light during the experiment?

Choices:
A. Apply the same amount of light to all the plants.
B. Apply only green light to all the plants.
C. Flash the lights to simulate a partly cloudy day.
D. Keep the plants in darkness.

Answer: A

Apply the same amount of light to all the plants.

Question: A plant scientist is developing a new fertilizer called Hypergrow. She designs an experiment to test whether Hypergrow helps plants grow faster than Supergrow, a fertilizer already on the market. Which of the following should the scientist do with light during the experiment?
Answer:


Question: A litter of kittens have traits that are similar to both the mother cat and the father cat. Which best explains this situation?

Choices:
A. The kittens are provided the same kind of milk from their mother as they grow.
B. The kittens inherit some of their traits from their mother and some from their father.
C. The kittens are kept at the same temperatures by their mother when they are first born.
D. The kittens are taught by their parents to have similar traits.

Answer: B

The kittens inherit some of their traits from their mother and some from their father.

Question: A litter of kittens have traits that are similar to both the mother cat and the father cat. Which best explains this situation?
Answer:


Question: Ospreys are birds that eat fish. Where would an osprey most likely live?

Choices:
A. near a forest
B. near a marsh
C. near a desert
D. near a prairie

Answer: B

Question: Ospreys are birds that eat fish. Where would an osprey most likely live?
Answer:


Question: Which activity is most likely to add pollutants to the environment?

Choices:
A. watering a garden
B. pulling weeds from a lawn
C. installing a wooden fence
D. burning leaves

Answer: D

Question: Which activity is most likely to add pollutants to the environment?
Answer:


Question: Which characteristic would a scientist most likely maintain throughout an investigation?

Choices:
A. being open to new ideas
B. sharing limited research
C. focus on completing research first
D. focus on formulating conclusions

Answer: A

Question: Which characteristic would a scientist most likely maintain throughout an investigation?
Answer:


Question: The first telescopes were invented hundreds of years ago. Which was discovered as a result of this invention?

Choices:
A. the moons of Jupiter
B. the bacteria that causes disease
C. the deep-sea trenches in the ocean
D. the parts of a plant that perform photosynthesis

Answer: A

Question: The first telescopes were invented hundreds of years ago. Which was discovered as a result of this invention?
Answer:


Question: How do sprouting plants exhibit positive gravitropism?

Choices:
A. The roots turn downward.
B. The roots move horizontally.
C. The leaves face toward the Sun.
D. The stems curl around supports.

Answer: A

Question: How do sprouting plants exhibit positive gravitropism?
Answer:


Question: People use many tools to help measure changes. Which person is measuring a change?

Choices:
A. A sports player scores a goal.
B. A scientist gives a weather report.
C. A friend watches a television show.
D. A nurse checks the temperature of a patient.

Answer: D

A nurse checks the temperature of a patient.

Question: People use many tools to help measure changes. Which person is measuring a change?
Answer:


Question: The water cycle includes which processes?

Choices:
A. evaporation, condensation, precipitation
B. metamorphosis, evaporation, respiration
C. precipitation, perspiration, mitosis
D. fixation, decomposition, respiration

Answer: A

Question: The water cycle includes which processes?
Answer:


Question: The discovery of a fossilized animal with teeth, a long bony tail, and feathered wings helped to establish which evolutionary sequence?

Choices:
A. rodents to bats
B. reptiles to birds
C. aquatic organisms to land-based organisms
D. invertebrates to flying organisms

Answer: B

Question: The discovery of a fossilized animal with teeth, a long bony tail, and feathered wings helped to establish which evolutionary sequence?
Answer:


Question: Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer

Choices:
A. shedding a lot of fur.
B. traveling in a herd.
C. becoming thin.
D. feeding on meat.

Answer: C

Question: Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer
Answer:


Question: The engine of an automobile is part of which type of system?

Choices:
A. structure
B. propulsion
C. guidance
D. control

Answer: B

Question: The engine of an automobile is part of which type of system?
Answer:


Question: Where would electrons most likely be located in an atom?

Choices:
A. with the quarks
B. with the neutrons
C. outside the nucleus
D. near the protons

Answer: C

Question: Where would electrons most likely be located in an atom?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following has a warmer average surface temperature than Earth?

Choices:
A. Mars
B. Moon
C. Pluto
D. Venus

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following has a warmer average surface temperature than Earth?
Answer:


Question: What type of graph would be best for recording plant growth over a one-week period?

Choices:
A. pie chart
B. line graph
C. scatterplot
D. histogram

Answer: B

Question: What type of graph would be best for recording plant growth over a one-week period?
Answer:


Question: Sound travels as a

Choices:
A. wave without a medium.
B. series of compressions only.
C. pattern of up and down vibrations.
D. pattern of compressions and rarefactions.

Answer: D

pattern of compressions and rarefactions.


Question: In 1989, the unusually low snowpack in portions of the Sierra Nevada Mountains led to a widespread emergence of Edith's checkerspot butterflies in April. In these regions, flowers do not appear until May. What was the most likely result of the early emergence of these butterflies?

Choices:
A. Most butterflies did not survive.
B. Most butterflies reproduced earlier.
C. Most butterflies switched to other food sources.
D. Most butterflies adapted to the new environment.

Answer: A

Question: In 1989, the unusually low snowpack in portions of the Sierra Nevada Mountains led to a widespread emergence of Edith's checkerspot butterflies in April. In these regions, flowers do not appear until May. What was the most likely result of the early emergence of these butterflies?
Answer:


Question: Where does water in a lake get most of its energy to evaporate?

Choices:
A. The sun heating the lake
B. Green plants living in the lake
C. Streams entering the lake
D. Cold springs under the lake

Answer: A

Question: Where does water in a lake get most of its energy to evaporate?
Answer:


Question: The ounce, the pound, and the ton are units of

Choices:
A. time.
B. weight.
C. length.
D. distance.

Answer: B

Question: The ounce, the pound, and the ton are units of
Answer:


Question: If a pond is polluted by soap that has phosphate, this pollutant will cause the algae to quickly reproduce. Which will most likely increase in the pond if this happens to the algae?

Choices:
A. sulfur
B. oxygen
C. nitrogen
D. carbon dioxide

Answer: B

Question: If a pond is polluted by soap that has phosphate, this pollutant will cause the algae to quickly reproduce. Which will most likely increase in the pond if this happens to the algae?
Answer:


Question: A black bear's diet includes nuts, berries, honey, insects, and fish. Black bears are

Choices:
A. decomposers.
B. herbivores.
C. omnivores.
D. prey.

Answer: C

Question: A black bear's diet includes nuts, berries, honey, insects, and fish. Black bears are
Answer:


Question: Which process passes genetic information from plants to their offspring?

Choices:
A. germination
B. pollination
C. photosynthesis
D. adaptation

Answer: B

Question: Which process passes genetic information from plants to their offspring?
Answer:


Question: The Hubble Space Telescope is a telescope that NASA launched into space in 1990. Scientists most likely prefer to use the Hubble Space Telescope instead of a land-based telescope because it provides better accuracy at

Choices:
A. predicting solar eclipses.
B. investigating faraway galaxies.
C. investigating the size of Venus.
D. predicting the phases of the Moon.

Answer: B

Question: The Hubble Space Telescope is a telescope that NASA launched into space in 1990. Scientists most likely prefer to use the Hubble Space Telescope instead of a land-based telescope because it provides better accuracy at
Answer:


Question: What is the downward movement of water through pores and other spaces in soil due to the force of gravity?

Choices:
A. percolation
B. evaporation
C. precipitation
D. condensation

Answer: A

Question: What is the downward movement of water through pores and other spaces in soil due to the force of gravity?
Answer:


Question: An engineer was given an assignment to build a model rocket. The main requirement was that it had to build it out of a metal that could release the energy that built up when reentering the atmosphere of Earth. What property should the engineer concentrate on the most when designing the rocket?

Choices:
A. density
B. ductility
C. specific heat
D. boiling point

Answer: C

Question: An engineer was given an assignment to build a model rocket. The main requirement was that it had to build it out of a metal that could release the energy that built up when reentering the atmosphere of Earth. What property should the engineer concentrate on the most when designing the rocket?
Answer:


Question: During which process do cells use oxygen to release stored energy?

Choices:
1. photosynthesis
2. respiration
3. circulation
4. digestion

Answer: 2

Question: During which process do cells use oxygen to release stored energy?
Answer:


Question: Pouring water over a sloping tray of soil demonstrates how

Choices:
A. soil can be washed away.
B. soil creation may take years.
C. river sediment forms a delta.
D. planting grass protects the soil.

Answer: A

Question: Pouring water over a sloping tray of soil demonstrates how
Answer:


Question: Why is the particular sequence of bases in a segment of DNA important to cells?

Choices:
A. Some base sequences code for protein production.
B. Some base sequences cause the release of lipids from the nucleus.
C. Some base sequences contain the order of sugars in polysaccharides.
D. Some base sequences produce electrical signals sent to the cytoplasm.

Answer: A

Some base sequences code for protein production.

Question: Why is the particular sequence of bases in a segment of DNA important to cells?
Answer:


Question: How does the energy in each trophic level of an energy pyramid compare to the energy in the preceding level?

Choices:
A. It has about 5% of the energy from the level below it.
B. It has about 10% of the energy from the level below it.
C. It has about 15% of the energy from the level below it.
D. It has about 20% of the energy from the level below it.

Answer: B

It has about 10% of the energy from the level below it.

Question: How does the energy in each trophic level of an energy pyramid compare to the energy in the preceding level?
Answer:


Question: Students notice that in the fall leaves of sugar maple trees turn red, but the leaves of black oak trees turn brown. The students are making

Choices:
A. an observation
B. a conclusion
C. a prediction
D. an inference

Answer: A

Question: Students notice that in the fall leaves of sugar maple trees turn red, but the leaves of black oak trees turn brown. The students are making
Answer:


Question: The meanings of mass and weight can often be confused. Which is an example of a change in both mass and weight?

Choices:
A. visiting the Moon
B. a stone eroding in a river
C. living on the space station
D. a ship floating on the ocean

Answer: B

Question: The meanings of mass and weight can often be confused. Which is an example of a change in both mass and weight?
Answer:


Question: For the reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride, which of the following would be a product? AgNo_{3} + NaCl ->

Choices:
A. AgNa
B. ClNO_{3}
C. Na_{3}NO
D. AgCl

Answer: D

Question: For the reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride, which of the following would be a product? AgNo_{3} + NaCl ->
Answer:


Question: A positively-charged hydrogen ion has a much smaller radius than a neutral hydrogen atom. Which best explains this difference?

Choices:
A. The nucleus is the least dense region of an atom.
B. Electrons are located far from the nuclei of their atoms.
C. Most of the volume of atoms is filled with the particles they contain.
D. The repulsion of protons and neutrons keeps them on opposite ends of atoms.

Answer: B

Electrons are located far from the nuclei of their atoms.

Question: A positively-charged hydrogen ion has a much smaller radius than a neutral hydrogen atom. Which best explains this difference?
Answer:


Question: The distance from Earth to the Sun is one astronomical unit. Which unit best describes how many astronomical units it is from Earth to the far end of the Milky Way Galaxy?

Choices:
A. hundreds
B. thousands
C. millions
D. billions

Answer: D

Question: The distance from Earth to the Sun is one astronomical unit. Which unit best describes how many astronomical units it is from Earth to the far end of the Milky Way Galaxy?
Answer:


Question: Lightning from a thunderstorm strikes a 21 tree that falls to the forest floor and dies. During the next few years the dead tree undergoes many changes. What organisms are most likely responsible for the biological and chemical changes to the tree?

Choices:
A. consumers
B. decomposers
C. predators
D. producers

Answer: B

Question: Lightning from a thunderstorm strikes a 21 tree that falls to the forest floor and dies. During the next few years the dead tree undergoes many changes. What organisms are most likely responsible for the biological and chemical changes to the tree?
Answer:


Question: Students are using hammers to break apart rocks as part of an investigation. The students MUST wear goggles to

Choices:
A. magnify the work.
B. keep hair out of their faces.
C. protect their eyes from debris.
D. prevent glare from the light.

Answer: C

Question: Students are using hammers to break apart rocks as part of an investigation. The students MUST wear goggles to
Answer:


Question: How does sweat on the skin help the body?

Choices:
A. Sweat stops sunburn.
B. Sweat cools the body.
C. Sweat feeds the skin.
D. Sweat heals cuts.

Answer: B

Question: How does sweat on the skin help the body?
Answer:


Question: Plants that have stems that store water and no leaves would most likely live in a

Choices:
A. pine forest.
B. grassland.
C. desert.
D. rainforest.

Answer: C

Question: Plants that have stems that store water and no leaves would most likely live in a
Answer:


Question: A student conducts an investigation testing a material's effectiveness as a heat insulator. Which tool will help the student conduct this investigation safely?

Choices:
A. a face mask
B. plastic gloves
C. a ventilator hood
D. insulated gloves

Answer: D

Question: A student conducts an investigation testing a material's effectiveness as a heat insulator. Which tool will help the student conduct this investigation safely?
Answer:


Question: Plants are producers because they

Choices:
A. make their own food
B. can grow in soil
C. need water to grow
D. take in nutrients

Answer: A

Question: Plants are producers because they
Answer:


Question: The symptoms of influenza infection are partly caused by the

Choices:
A. rapid genetic mutation in infected cells.
B. consumption of the body's energy resources by viruses.
C. release of toxins by viral particles.
D. body's inflammatory response to infected cells.

Answer: D

body's inflammatory response to infected cells.

Question: The symptoms of influenza infection are partly caused by the
Answer:


Question: The energy that is stored in food originally comes from

Choices:
A. air
B. soil
C. sunlight
D. water

Answer: C

Question: The energy that is stored in food originally comes from
Answer:


Question: Robots are used to help manufacture cars. One problem with this is

Choices:
A. less waste.
B. lower cost.
C. fewer jobs.
D. more mistakes.

Answer: C

Question: Robots are used to help manufacture cars. One problem with this is
Answer:


Question: Which of these structures in a plant cell allows a plant to make food?

Choices:
A. cell wall
B. cytoplasm
C. chloroplast
D. chromosomes

Answer: C

Question: Which of these structures in a plant cell allows a plant to make food?
Answer:


Question: Which body system functions by bringing in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide?

Choices:
A. endocrine
B. respiratory
C. digestive
D. urinary

Answer: B

Question: Which body system functions by bringing in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide?
Answer:


Question: HIV makes the body vulnerable to secondary infections by targeting

Choices:
A. macrophages.
B. helper T-cells.
C. cells.
D. killer T-cells.

Answer: B

Question: HIV makes the body vulnerable to secondary infections by targeting
Answer:


Question: Which feature is a kitten most likely to inherit from its parents?

Choices:
A. diet
B. color
C. health
D. independence

Answer: B

Question: Which feature is a kitten most likely to inherit from its parents?
Answer:


Question: Farm fertilizers are often carried by runoff into the Mississippi River and down to the Gulf of Mexico, resulting in algae blooms. Which of these results from the decomposition of the algae blooms?

Choices:
A. an abundance of dissolved oxygen
B. dead zones where there are no fish
C. a reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide
D. food webs with rapidly growing populations

Answer: B

Question: Farm fertilizers are often carried by runoff into the Mississippi River and down to the Gulf of Mexico, resulting in algae blooms. Which of these results from the decomposition of the algae blooms?
Answer:


Question: When rain falls on the land, some of it is absorbed by surface sediment. How porous the surface sediments are controls how much water is absorbed. Which of the following will most likely result in an area where surface sediment is NOT porous?

Choices:
A. flooding
B. droughts
C. tornadoes
D. spring formation

Answer: A

Question: When rain falls on the land, some of it is absorbed by surface sediment. How porous the surface sediments are controls how much water is absorbed. Which of the following will most likely result in an area where surface sediment is NOT porous?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is designed to convert energy into mechanical work?

Choices:
A. Electric fan
B. Kerosene heater
C. Flashlight
D. Baking oven

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following is designed to convert energy into mechanical work?
Answer:


Question: Having students wash their hands frequently with soap and water will limit the spread of infectious disease by

Choices:
A. protecting harmless bacterial cells.
B. changing viral and bacterial nucleic acids.
C. releasing mutated cells from pores.
D. removing viruses and bacteria from the skin.

Answer: D

removing viruses and bacteria from the skin.

Question: Having students wash their hands frequently with soap and water will limit the spread of infectious disease by
Answer:


Question: Which material is the best conductor of heat at room temperature?

Choices:
A. air
B. water
C. sulfur
D. copper

Answer: D

Question: Which material is the best conductor of heat at room temperature?
Answer:


Question: Two atoms of oxygen combine to form pure oxygen gas. What is the electrical charge of the O_{2} molecules?

Choices:
A. positive
B. negative
C. neutral
D. variable

Answer: C

Question: Two atoms of oxygen combine to form pure oxygen gas. What is the electrical charge of the O_{2} molecules?
Answer:


Question: Which theory about the origin of the universe states that a densely packed sphere exploded, forming clouds that condensed into galaxies?

Choices:
A. the Galaxy theory
B. the Big Bang theory
C. the Steady State theory
D. the Oscillating theory

Answer: B

Question: Which theory about the origin of the universe states that a densely packed sphere exploded, forming clouds that condensed into galaxies?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves?

Choices:
A. If the frequency remains constant, the wavelength increases.
B. The wavelength decreases as the frequency decreases.
C. The frequency increases as the wavelength decreases.
D. If the wavelength remains constant, the frequency increases.

Answer: C

The frequency increases as the wavelength decreases.

Question: Which of the following best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves?
Answer:


Question: Which of these are both supplied to Earth by the Sun?

Choices:
A. coal and oil
B. heat and light
C. friction and electricity
D. gravity and magnetism

Answer: B

Question: Which of these are both supplied to Earth by the Sun?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following correctly lists the structures in space from smallest to largest?

Choices:
A. star, galaxy, solar system, universe
B. star, solar system, galaxy, universe
C. star, solar system, universe, galaxy
D. star, universe, solar system, galaxy

Answer: B

Question: Which of the following correctly lists the structures in space from smallest to largest?
Answer:


Question: Which form of energy is produced when a guitar string vibrates?

Choices:
A. chemical
B. light
C. magnetic
D. sound

Answer: D

Question: Which form of energy is produced when a guitar string vibrates?
Answer:


Question: After a star runs out of most of its hydrogen fuel, it becomes hotter and more luminous. What stage does this represent in the life cycle of a star?

Choices:
A. quasar
B. protostar
C. red giant
D. white dwarf

Answer: C

Question: After a star runs out of most of its hydrogen fuel, it becomes hotter and more luminous. What stage does this represent in the life cycle of a star?
Answer:


Question: In the United States, which is responsible for ensuring the safety of the country's drinking water?

Choices:
A. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
B. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
D. Center for Disease Control (CDC)

Answer: A

Question: In the United States, which is responsible for ensuring the safety of the country's drinking water?
Answer:


Question: Which mineral, found in Arkansas, is an ore that can be used to produce aluminum?

Choices:
A. quartz
B. galena
C. bauxite
D. diamond

Answer: C

Question: Which mineral, found in Arkansas, is an ore that can be used to produce aluminum?
Answer:


Question: What should students use to identify the percent chance of a trait being passed down from a parent to its offspring?

Choices:
A. a graph
B. a flow chart
C. a data table
D. a Punnett square

Answer: D

Question: What should students use to identify the percent chance of a trait being passed down from a parent to its offspring?
Answer:


Question: Which is the correct order of the planets from the Sun?

Choices:
A. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter, Mars, Neptune
B. Mercury, Earth, Mars, Venus, Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus
C. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Uranus, Saturn, Neptune
D. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Answer: D

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Question: Which is the correct order of the planets from the Sun?
Answer:


Question: Which statement best describes the molecules in a sample of water that was heated from a liquid to a gas?

Choices:
A. The average size of the molecules decreased.
B. The average size of the molecules increased.
C. The average kinetic energy of the molecules decreased.
D. The average kinetic energy of the molecules increased.

Answer: D

The average kinetic energy of the molecules increased.

Question: Which statement best describes the molecules in a sample of water that was heated from a liquid to a gas?
Answer:


Question: Research in which of these areas has the greatest impact on the environment?

Choices:
A. irradiating food
B. organic fertilizers
C. bacteria to clean up oil spills
D. developing larger, sweeter strawberries

Answer: C

Question: Research in which of these areas has the greatest impact on the environment?
Answer:


Question: Some scientists once believed that Earth was solid like a marble. Which of these has been most responsible for changes in the scientific view of the structure of Earth?

Choices:
A. discussions among earth scientists about new data
B. scientific books defining the layers of Earth
C. a lead scientist explaining the structure of Earth
D. a physical model of Earth showing its layers

Answer: A

discussions among earth scientists about new data

Question: Some scientists once believed that Earth was solid like a marble. Which of these has been most responsible for changes in the scientific view of the structure of Earth?
Answer:


Question: The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement best describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?

Choices:
A. It codes for proteins.
B. It inhibits division of cells.
C. It helps in energy transformation.
D. It regulates traffic in and out of the cell.

Answer: A

Question: The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement best describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?
Answer:


Question: What effect does gravity always have on an object on Earth?

Choices:
A. makes the object move
B. makes the object stay still
C. pushes the object upward
D. pulls the object downward

Answer: D

Question: What effect does gravity always have on an object on Earth?
Answer:


Question: When humans first began to grow crops, which of these most likely contributed to the extinction of native animal species?

Choices:
A. pollution
B. climate change
C. habitat destruction
D. tectonic plate motion

Answer: C

Question: When humans first began to grow crops, which of these most likely contributed to the extinction of native animal species?
Answer:


Question: What happens when salt water is boiled?

Choices:
A. The water evaporates and the salt remains in the beaker.
B. Both the salt and the water evaporate and leave the beaker.
C. The salt becomes a new compound.
D. The salt will evaporate from the water and disperse into the environment.

Answer: A

The water evaporates and the salt remains in the beaker.

Question: What happens when salt water is boiled?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is caused by a virus?

Choices:
A. ulcer
B. malaria
C. tuberculosis
D. influenza

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following is caused by a virus?
Answer:


Question: A birdwatcher wants to identify an eastern bluebird. What feature of a bird should the birdwatcher evaluate first to identify an eastern bluebird?

Choices:
A. beak shape
B. eye position
C. feather pattern
D. tail-feather length

Answer: C

Question: A birdwatcher wants to identify an eastern bluebird. What feature of a bird should the birdwatcher evaluate first to identify an eastern bluebird?
Answer:


Question: Imprints of the shells of ocean clams are often found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these imprint fossils most likely indicate?

Choices:
A. These mountains were once under the ocean.
B. These mountains once had a more rainy climate.
C. Mountain river clams evolved from ocean clams.
D. Ocean clams evolved from mountain river clams.

Answer: A

These mountains were once under the ocean.

Question: Imprints of the shells of ocean clams are often found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these imprint fossils most likely indicate?
Answer:


Question: Read the information about Alice's science project then answer the question. Alice needed to design a science project. She decided that she wanted to focus her project on how an earthworm's behavior helps it survive. Alice wrote down four ideas about earthworm behavior that she wanted to test. Which idea can be tested experimentally?

Choices:
A. Earthworms like the taste of dirt better than sand.
B. Earthworms are happier in black dirt than red dirt.
C. Earthworms exist to decompose decaying materials.
D. Earthworms will move away from direct light sources.

Answer: D

Earthworms will move away from direct light sources.

Question: Read the information about Alice's science project then answer the question. Alice needed to design a science project. She decided that she wanted to focus her project on how an earthworm's behavior helps it survive. Alice wrote down four ideas about earthworm behavior that she wanted to test. Which idea can be tested experimentally?
Answer:


Question: Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?

Choices:
A. 7 a.m.
B. 2 p.m.
C. 9 p.m.
D. midnight

Answer: B

Question: Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?
Answer:


Question: What is one function of tree roots?

Choices:
A. to absorb sunlight
B. to absorb water
C. to make seeds
D. to make food

Answer: B

Question: What is one function of tree roots?
Answer:


Question: How do the nutrients necessary for plant growth get into the soil?

Choices:
A. The soil absorbs sunlight.
B. Water filters through the soil.
C. Organic matter is decayed in the soil.
D. The soil is exposed to air.

Answer: C

Question: How do the nutrients necessary for plant growth get into the soil?
Answer:


Question: Students are investigating the effects of different fertilizers on plant growth. Which units would be best to measure the mass of the fertilizer used?

Choices:
A. meters
B. centimeters
C. grams
D. milligrams

Answer: C

Question: Students are investigating the effects of different fertilizers on plant growth. Which units would be best to measure the mass of the fertilizer used?
Answer:


Question: Which process best explains how the Grand Canyon became so wide?

Choices:
A. folding
B. erosion
C. deposition
D. sedimentation

Answer: B

Question: Which process best explains how the Grand Canyon became so wide?
Answer:


Question: While on a movie set, a stuntman jumps off the roof of a building. As he falls toward an airbag, what is increasing?

Choices:
A. gravity
B. wind velocity
C. kinetic energy
D. potential energy

Answer: C

Question: While on a movie set, a stuntman jumps off the roof of a building. As he falls toward an airbag, what is increasing?
Answer:


Question: In order for cells to grow at a normal rate, they must

Choices:
A. take in light.
B. be specialized.
C. take in nutrients.
D. be of similar size.

Answer: C

Question: In order for cells to grow at a normal rate, they must
Answer:


Question: The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the

Choices:
A. distance between the vibration source and the receiver.
B. type of material through which the sound travels.
C. size of the object making the sound.
D. type of device making the sound.

Answer: B

type of material through which the sound travels.

Question: The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the
Answer:


Question: A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?

Choices:
A. Measuring oxygen levels in the lake for two months
B. Checking the lake water for nutrient levels on one day
C. Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years
D. Observing the surface of the lake for signs of the new fish after one week

Answer: C

Sampling fish populations in the lake over several years

Question: A group of fish was released into a local lake. This species of fish had never lived in the lake before. Scientists want to collect data on how the lake's ecosystem is affected by the new fish. Which method of data collection will give the most accurate results?
Answer:


Question: Particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider in Europe, accelerate subatomic particles to great speeds. These particles move in opposite directions at nearly the speed of light and collide into one another to simulate conditions that were present as the universe formed. Which property of matter in the initial moments of the universe are these accelerators designed to simulate?

Choices:
A. low density
B. high energy
C. massive nuclei
D. circular movement

Answer: B

Question: Particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider in Europe, accelerate subatomic particles to great speeds. These particles move in opposite directions at nearly the speed of light and collide into one another to simulate conditions that were present as the universe formed. Which property of matter in the initial moments of the universe are these accelerators designed to simulate?
Answer:


Question: What are genes composed of?

Choices:
1. offspring
2. DNA
3. cells
4. traits

Answer: 2

Question: What are genes composed of?
Answer:


Question: Most plants begin their life cycle as ___.

Choices:
A. leaves
B. flowers
C. roots
D. seeds

Answer: D

Question: Most plants begin their life cycle as ___.
Answer:


Question: Earth orbiting the Sun causes

Choices:
A. the changing of the seasons.
B. daily tidal cycles.
C. day to become night.
D. the phases of the Moon.

Answer: A

Question: Earth orbiting the Sun causes
Answer:


Question: A certain type of hybrid car utilizes a braking system in which energy is recovered and stored in batteries. This is an example of which type of energy conversion?

Choices:
A. kinetic energy converted to potential energy
B. chemical energy converted to kinetic energy
C. chemical energy converted to thermal energy
D. thermal energy converted to potential energy

Answer: A

kinetic energy converted to potential energy

Question: A certain type of hybrid car utilizes a braking system in which energy is recovered and stored in batteries. This is an example of which type of energy conversion?
Answer:


Question: Through which activity do animals get the carbon that is needed for their bodies?

Choices:
A. eating
B. breathing
C. running
D. sleeping

Answer: A

Question: Through which activity do animals get the carbon that is needed for their bodies?
Answer:


Question: Mount Arenal, a volcano in Costa Rica, is erupting. Heat is being released during the eruption. What is the source of the heat?

Choices:
A. The heat comes from the Sun.
B. The heat comes from pools of underground water.
C. The heat comes from deep within Earth.
D. The heat comes from decaying plants and animals.

Answer: C

Question: Mount Arenal, a volcano in Costa Rica, is erupting. Heat is being released during the eruption. What is the source of the heat?
Answer:


Question: The elements that make up the atmosphere of Earth can be listed as percentages or can be shown in a graph. Which type of graph would best show this information?

Choices:
A. a bar graph
B. a pie chart
C. a line graph
D. a scatterplot

Answer: B

Question: The elements that make up the atmosphere of Earth can be listed as percentages or can be shown in a graph. Which type of graph would best show this information?
Answer:


Question: Due to extreme pressure, the inner core of Earth is

Choices:
A. solid.
B. liquid.
C. gas.
D. plasma.

Answer: A

Question: Due to extreme pressure, the inner core of Earth is
Answer:


Question: The compression of matter due to gravitational attraction increased as the protoplanets formed. What was a result of this compression within each protoplanet?

Choices:
A. initiation of nuclear fusion
B. increase in noble gas destabilization
C. increase in thermal energy
D. initiation of photosynthesis reactions

Answer: C

Question: The compression of matter due to gravitational attraction increased as the protoplanets formed. What was a result of this compression within each protoplanet?
Answer:


Question: How are igneous and sedimentary rocks similar?

Choices:
A. They are both formed by erosion.
B. They are both formed from cooled lava.
C. Heat and pressure can turn them into lava.
D. Heat and pressure can turn them into metamorphic rock.

Answer: D

Heat and pressure can turn them into metamorphic rock.

Question: How are igneous and sedimentary rocks similar?
Answer:


Question: Some aquifers are composed of limestone and dolomite. Which process increases the open spaces of the aquifer formation?

Choices:
A. wave action
B. wind erosion
C. tensional faulting
D. chemical weathering

Answer: D

Question: Some aquifers are composed of limestone and dolomite. Which process increases the open spaces of the aquifer formation?
Answer:


Question: A cell's chromosomes contain

Choices:
1. genes
2. chlorophyll
3. sperm
4. eggs

Answer: 1

Question: A cell's chromosomes contain
Answer:


Question: A student practicing for the outdoor track team begins to sweat. To what stimulus is the body responding?

Choices:
A. an increase in heart rate
B. an increase in body temperature
C. an increase in oxygen demand
D. an increase in breathing rate

Answer: B

Question: A student practicing for the outdoor track team begins to sweat. To what stimulus is the body responding?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best way to help prevent the flu from becoming a pandemic?

Choices:
A. getting a vaccination
B. taking antibiotics
C. eating fruits and vegetables
D. washing hands often

Answer: A

Question: Which is the best way to help prevent the flu from becoming a pandemic?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best example of an object with kinetic energy?

Choices:
A. a plate sitting on a table
B. a bird perching in a tree
C. a marble rolling down a ramp
D. a dam holding back some water

Answer: C

Question: Which is the best example of an object with kinetic energy?
Answer:


Question: What is happening when rocks are broken down by both physical and chemical changes?

Choices:
A. weathering
B. deposition
C. condensation
D. decomposing

Answer: A

Question: What is happening when rocks are broken down by both physical and chemical changes?
Answer:


Question: Air pollution can influence a person's quality of life. Which best identifies the influence of air pollution?

Choices:
A. It is a behavioral influence.
B. It is a genetic influence.
C. It is an environmental influence.
D. It is a dietary influence.

Answer: C

Question: Air pollution can influence a person's quality of life. Which best identifies the influence of air pollution?
Answer:


Question: During which process do animals increase in size?

Choices:
A. breathing
B. growing
C. shedding
D. repairing

Answer: B

Question: During which process do animals increase in size?
Answer:


Question: The process by which information is encoded, transmitted, stored, decoded, and retrieved is called

Choices:
A. manufacturing technology.
B. transportation technology.
C. construction technology.
D. communication technology.

Answer: D

Question: The process by which information is encoded, transmitted, stored, decoded, and retrieved is called
Answer:


Question: What type of rock was the fossil most likely found in?

Choices:
A. igneous
B. volcanic
C. sedimentary
D. metamorphic

Answer: C

Question: What type of rock was the fossil most likely found in?
Answer:


Question: Land subsidence (ground level dropping) is most likely an indication that

Choices:
A. sediments are being deposited.
B. water is being polluted.
C. rocks are being weathered.
D. ground water is being depleted.

Answer: D

Question: Land subsidence (ground level dropping) is most likely an indication that
Answer:


Question: The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has

Choices:
A. the same weight and the same mass.
B. a larger weight, but smaller mass.
C. a smaller mass and larger weight.
D. a smaller weight and the same mass.

Answer: D

Question: The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has
Answer:


Question: Which process turns a large rock into a pile of smaller stones?

Choices:
A. deposition
B. sedimentation
C. fossilizing
D. weathering

Answer: D

Question: Which process turns a large rock into a pile of smaller stones?
Answer:


Question: What would be the initial result if a DNA molecule did not replicate accurately?

Choices:
A. infertility of the organism
B. incorrect protein synthesis
C. increase in reproduction rate
D. immediate death of the organism

Answer: B

Question: What would be the initial result if a DNA molecule did not replicate accurately?
Answer:


Question: Meteorologists study weather. Which of the following should meteorologists know about?

Choices:
A. types of fronts
B. types of fossils
C. types of circuits
D. types of adaptations

Answer: A

Question: Meteorologists study weather. Which of the following should meteorologists know about?
Answer:


Question: During which process does genetic material come from two parents?

Choices:
A. asexual reproduction
B. photosynthesis
C. respiration
D. sexual reproduction

Answer: D

Question: During which process does genetic material come from two parents?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best tool for measuring the temperature of lake water?

Choices:
A. Meter stick
B. Balance
C. Graduated cylinder
D. Thermometer

Answer: D

Question: Which is the best tool for measuring the temperature of lake water?
Answer:


Question: Wind and water are examples of renewable energy sources because

Choices:
A. they will stop producing energy.
B. they were formed millions of years ago.
C. they are always available to produce energy.
D. they take millions of years to start producing energy.

Answer: C

they are always available to produce energy.

Question: Wind and water are examples of renewable energy sources because
Answer:


Question: Which adaptation helps a bird fly?

Choices:
A. larger feet
B. bigger eyes
C. longer beaks
D. hollow bones

Answer: D

Question: Which adaptation helps a bird fly?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following involves a learned behavior?

Choices:
A. laying eggs to reproduce
B. having hollow, light-weight bones
C. avoiding insects that taste bad
D. having white feathers on the throat

Answer: C

Question: Which of the following involves a learned behavior?
Answer:


Question: Based on the Periodic Table of the Elements, which of these elements has properties most similar to calcium (Ca)?

Choices:
A. carbon [C]
B. barium [Ba]
C. sodium [Na]
D. manganese [Mn]

Answer: B

Question: Based on the Periodic Table of the Elements, which of these elements has properties most similar to calcium (Ca)?
Answer:


Question: A species of moth in England has both a light-colored form and a dark-colored form. In the mid-1800s, the percentage of dark-colored moths increased in areas where black soot from factories covered the trees. The soot in these areas has decreased in more recent times as a result of pollution laws. Which of the following statements describes what has most likely happened to the moth populations in these areas?

Choices:
A. The moth populations went extinct.
B. The moth populations migrated south.
C. The percentage of light-colored moths in the populations decreased.
D. The percentage of dark-colored moths in the populations decreased.

Answer: D

The percentage of dark-colored moths in the populations decreased.

Question: A species of moth in England has both a light-colored form and a dark-colored form. In the mid-1800s, the percentage of dark-colored moths increased in areas where black soot from factories covered the trees. The soot in these areas has decreased in more recent times as a result of pollution laws. Which of the following statements describes what has most likely happened to the moth populations in these areas?
Answer:


Question: Which statement describes an interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. Flowing water carves through rock to form a canyon.
B. Lava from an underwater volcano cools to form a mountain.
C. Ashes rise from a volcanic eruption to block sunlight.
D. Water vapor rises from the ocean to form clouds.

Answer: D

Water vapor rises from the ocean to form clouds.

Question: Which statement describes an interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Which type of organism is made of one cell?

Choices:
A. trees
B. bacteria
C. fern
D. fish

Answer: B

Question: Which type of organism is made of one cell?
Answer:


Question: Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?

Choices:
A. deer
B. fungus
C. grass
D. hawk

Answer: C

Question: Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?
Answer:


Question: The heath hen, an extinct small wild fowl, was a relative of the prairie chicken. Which of the following most likely caused extinction of the heath hen?

Choices:
A. overhunting
B. stable climate
C. plentiful food supply
D. abundant nesting sites

Answer: A

Question: The heath hen, an extinct small wild fowl, was a relative of the prairie chicken. Which of the following most likely caused extinction of the heath hen?
Answer:


Question: If the climate in an area were to become much drier, which plant variation would be most advantageous to the survival of the species?

Choices:
A. bigger branches
B. larger flowers
C. thicker leaves
D. longer stems

Answer: C

Question: If the climate in an area were to become much drier, which plant variation would be most advantageous to the survival of the species?
Answer:


Question: Animals and plants need oxygen to live. Oxygen is released in photosynthesis. Which cycle includes photosynthesis?

Choices:
A. the carbon cycle
B. the nitrogen cycle
C. the water cycle
D. the rock cycle

Answer: A

Question: Animals and plants need oxygen to live. Oxygen is released in photosynthesis. Which cycle includes photosynthesis?
Answer:


Question: What causes the tectonic plates of Earth to continually move?

Choices:
A. convection currents in the mantle
B. volcanic and seismic activity in the crust
C. strong winds and storms
D. rotation of the solid core

Answer: A

Question: What causes the tectonic plates of Earth to continually move?
Answer:


Question: Ernie made a diagram to model Earth's orbit. What shape is most like what Ernie drew for the orbit?

Choices:
A. square
B. oval
C. triangle
D. rectangle

Answer: B

Question: Ernie made a diagram to model Earth's orbit. What shape is most like what Ernie drew for the orbit?
Answer:


Question: Which is the most important reason for scientists to publish their data and findings that result from a scientific investigation?

Choices:
A. to become famous
B. to get paid for their research
C. to allow other scientists to try to replicate their results
D. to gain respect from their peers in the scientific community

Answer: C

to allow other scientists to try to replicate their results

Question: Which is the most important reason for scientists to publish their data and findings that result from a scientific investigation?
Answer:


Question: A person produces two sound waves with a flute, one immediately after the other. Both sound waves have the same pitch, but the second one is louder. Which of the following properties is greater for the second sound wave?

Choices:
A. Frequency
B. Amplitude
C. Wavelength
D. Speed in air

Answer: B

Question: A person produces two sound waves with a flute, one immediately after the other. Both sound waves have the same pitch, but the second one is louder. Which of the following properties is greater for the second sound wave?
Answer:


Question: A metal spoon and a wooden spoon are used to stir a pot of hot soup. After a few minutes, the metal spoon feels hotter than the wooden spoon. What explains this?

Choices:
A. Metal is always hotter than wood.
B. Metal conducts heat better than wood.
C. Metal conducts electricity better than wood.
D. Metal heats up the water better than the wood.

Answer: B

Question: A metal spoon and a wooden spoon are used to stir a pot of hot soup. After a few minutes, the metal spoon feels hotter than the wooden spoon. What explains this?
Answer:


Question: In one day, a family in a car rode for 2 hours, stopped for 3 hours, and then rode for another 5 hours. During the day, the family traveled a total distance of 400 kilometers. What was their average speed for the whole trip?

Choices:
A. 10 km/h
B. 20 km/h
C. 40 km/h
D. 50 km/h

Answer: C

Question: In one day, a family in a car rode for 2 hours, stopped for 3 hours, and then rode for another 5 hours. During the day, the family traveled a total distance of 400 kilometers. What was their average speed for the whole trip?
Answer:


Question: A student investigates the effect of temperature on the distance a caterpillar travels in one minute. The student performs the investigation at four different times of day using one caterpillar. This experiment could be improved if the student

Choices:
A. uses more than one caterpillar.
B. performs the investigation on a wet surface.
C. uses earthworms instead of caterpillars.
D. performs the investigation at the same time on four days.

Answer: A

Question: A student investigates the effect of temperature on the distance a caterpillar travels in one minute. The student performs the investigation at four different times of day using one caterpillar. This experiment could be improved if the student
Answer:


Question: A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch?

Choices:
A. the time of day
B. the distance of the race
C. the time it took to run the race
D. the number of steps taken by the runners

Answer: C

Question: A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch?
Answer:


Question: Sand is a type of soil that is made of very tiny pieces of material. Which process most likely forms sand?

Choices:
A. the rotation of Earth
B. the growth of animals
C. the decay of large trees
D. the weathering of rocks

Answer: D

Question: Sand is a type of soil that is made of very tiny pieces of material. Which process most likely forms sand?
Answer:


Question: Use The Periodic Table of the Elements and the information below to answer the question. Magnesium metal (Mg) is grayish-white in color and reacts actively with water. Fluorine (F2) is a greenish-yellow gas at room temperature and is a member of the halogen family. These two elements react to produce magnesium fluoride (MgF2), a chemical commonly used in making windows and lenses. According to the Periodic Table of the Elements, which element is most similar to magnesium (Mg)?

Choices:
A. calcium (Ca)
B. iodine (I)
C. sodium (Na)
D. sulfur (S)

Answer: A

Question: Use The Periodic Table of the Elements and the information below to answer the question. Magnesium metal (Mg) is grayish-white in color and reacts actively with water. Fluorine (F2) is a greenish-yellow gas at room temperature and is a member of the halogen family. These two elements react to produce magnesium fluoride (MgF2), a chemical commonly used in making windows and lenses. According to the Periodic Table of the Elements, which element is most similar to magnesium (Mg)?
Answer:


Question: What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South America?

Choices:
A. the Gulf Stream
B. the jet stream
C. La Niña
D. El Niño

Answer: D

Question: What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South America?
Answer:


Question: Because copper is a metal, it is

Choices:
1. liquid at room temperature
2. nonreactive with other substances
3. a poor conductor of electricity
4. a good conductor of heat

Answer: 4

Question: Because copper is a metal, it is
Answer:


Question: Ricardo has an igneous rock in his rock collection. Where did this rock most likely form?

Choices:
A. in a volcano
B. on a forest floor
C. on a coral reef
D. at the bottom of a river

Answer: A

Question: Ricardo has an igneous rock in his rock collection. Where did this rock most likely form?
Answer:


Question: Modern submarines have advanced atmosphere-control systems that enable submarine crews to stay below the surface of the ocean for months at a time. Which of the following also benefits from this technology?

Choices:
A. architectural design
B. pollution control
C. fire prevention
D. space exploration

Answer: D

Question: Modern submarines have advanced atmosphere-control systems that enable submarine crews to stay below the surface of the ocean for months at a time. Which of the following also benefits from this technology?
Answer:


Question: Some birds fly south in the fall and return in the spring. This is an example of

Choices:
A. migration
B. camouflage
C. hibernation
D. growth

Answer: A

Question: Some birds fly south in the fall and return in the spring. This is an example of
Answer:


Question: Most scientists agree that an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases entering Earth's atmosphere causes

Choices:
1. a decrease in sea level
2. a decrease in average surface temperatures
3. an increase in melting of polar ice caps
4. an increase in crustal plate movement

Answer: 3

an increase in melting of polar ice caps

Question: Most scientists agree that an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases entering Earth's atmosphere causes
Answer:


Question: Which of these actions causes wind?

Choices:
A. rotation of Earth on its axis
B. movement of air from water to land
C. uneven heating of Earth's surface
D. air passing Earth as it revolves around the Sun

Answer: C

Question: Which of these actions causes wind?
Answer:


Question: Jagged mountains would most likely become rounded hills through which process?

Choices:
A. erosion
B. deposition
C. volcanic activity
D. chemical change

Answer: A

Question: Jagged mountains would most likely become rounded hills through which process?
Answer:


Question: A student counts ants in an ant colony every day at the same time. The student writes the date of observation in one column in a notebook and the number of ants counted on each date in a second column. Which best describes how the student arranged the information?

Choices:
A. pie chart
B. data table
C. bar graph
D. scatterplot

Answer: B

Question: A student counts ants in an ant colony every day at the same time. The student writes the date of observation in one column in a notebook and the number of ants counted on each date in a second column. Which best describes how the student arranged the information?
Answer:


Question: Some sea grasses grow near a group of palm trees on a sandy shore. Which best describes the role of both the palm trees and sea grasses?

Choices:
A. They get energy from living organisms.
B. They turn decaying matter into nutrients.
C. They provide food for other organisms.
D. They absorb oxygen from the environment.

Answer: C

Question: Some sea grasses grow near a group of palm trees on a sandy shore. Which best describes the role of both the palm trees and sea grasses?
Answer:


Question: A puddle of water on a concrete driveway will disappear after a few hours during a sunny day. Where does the water go as it disappears?

Choices:
A. It goes into the air.
B. Animals drink it.
C. It soaks into the concrete.
D. It becomes a different substance.

Answer: A

Question: A puddle of water on a concrete driveway will disappear after a few hours during a sunny day. Where does the water go as it disappears?
Answer:


Question: Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found?

Choices:
A. the age of the rock
B. the slope of the rock
C. the density of the rock
D. the weathering of the rock

Answer: A

Question: Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found?
Answer:


Question: In late fall, a rabbit's fur grows thicker. This adaptation occurs to

Choices:
A. keep the rabbit's body warm
B. keep the rabbit safe from predators
C. help the rabbit find a mate
D. help the rabbit find green plants

Answer: A

Question: In late fall, a rabbit's fur grows thicker. This adaptation occurs to
Answer:


Question: The process of gene regulation directly impacts

Choices:
A. how much DNA is stored.
B. how much DNA is replicated.
C. which mRNA is produced.
D. which tRNA is produced.

Answer: C

Question: The process of gene regulation directly impacts
Answer:


Question: Which substance contributes most to the greenhouse effect?

Choices:
A. wood smoke
B. nitrous oxides
C. carbon dioxide
D. nuclear radiation

Answer: C

Question: Which substance contributes most to the greenhouse effect?
Answer:


Question: Scientists determined that specific agents produce specific diseases, and many are transmitted by sneezing. What must the droplets contain for a disease to be transmitted by sneezing?

Choices:
A. the disease-causing particles
B. cells exposed to the disease
C. toxins released by diseased cells
D. disease-specific antibodies

Answer: A

Question: Scientists determined that specific agents produce specific diseases, and many are transmitted by sneezing. What must the droplets contain for a disease to be transmitted by sneezing?
Answer:


Question: Jesus learned that a space probe named Voyager 1 was launched from Earth in 1977. It will take Voyager 1 more than 500 years to travel 1 light year. What is a light year used to measure in space?

Choices:
A. distance
B. energy
C. force
D. time

Answer: A

Question: Jesus learned that a space probe named Voyager 1 was launched from Earth in 1977. It will take Voyager 1 more than 500 years to travel 1 light year. What is a light year used to measure in space?
Answer:


Question: A student writes in a laboratory notebook: I placed a piece of iron in a beaker of water and the iron sank to the bottom of the beaker. What the student wrote in the laboratory notebook is an example of a(n)

Choices:
1. observation
2. prediction
3. inference
4. hypothesis

Answer: 1

Question: A student writes in a laboratory notebook: I placed a piece of iron in a beaker of water and the iron sank to the bottom of the beaker. What the student wrote in the laboratory notebook is an example of a(n)
Answer:


Question: Which is an example of a physical property of an object?

Choices:
A. The object bends without breaking.
B. The object bubbles when put into an acid.
C. The object burns when touched by a flame.
D. The object gives off sparks when put into water.

Answer: A

Question: Which is an example of a physical property of an object?
Answer:


Question: What is the MAJOR cause of acid rain?

Choices:
A. smelting ore
B. evaporation of polluted water
C. jet airplane exhaust high in the sky
D. sulfur combining with water vapor in the atmosphere

Answer: D

sulfur combining with water vapor in the atmosphere

Question: What is the MAJOR cause of acid rain?
Answer:


Question: Which form of energy is produced when paper is burned?

Choices:
A. heat
B. magnetic
C. electrical
D. chemical

Answer: A

Question: Which form of energy is produced when paper is burned?
Answer:


Question: Aerogels are compounds formed by the drying of certain gels. Although the aerogel hardens into a solid material, the particles in the gel are much farther apart than those of most solids and particles are held together by strong bridges of covalently bonded atoms. Which of the following is a likely property of aerogels?

Choices:
A. very low density
B. high electrical conductivity
C. very low melting point
D. very flexible

Answer: A

Question: Aerogels are compounds formed by the drying of certain gels. Although the aerogel hardens into a solid material, the particles in the gel are much farther apart than those of most solids and particles are held together by strong bridges of covalently bonded atoms. Which of the following is a likely property of aerogels?
Answer:


Question: The Moon revolves around Earth about once every

Choices:
A. day.
B. year.
C. week.
D. month.

Answer: D

Question: The Moon revolves around Earth about once every
Answer:


Question: Which is a characteristic of both plants and animals?

Choices:
A. life cycles
B. learned behaviors
C. produce their own food
D. reproduce using seeds

Answer: A

Question: Which is a characteristic of both plants and animals?
Answer:


Question: A full Moon is observed in Buffalo, New York, on June 1. Approximately when will the next full Moon be observed in Buffalo?

Choices:
1. June 7
2. June 15
3. July 1
4. July 7

Answer: 3

Question: A full Moon is observed in Buffalo, New York, on June 1. Approximately when will the next full Moon be observed in Buffalo?
Answer:


Question: Which cellular structure do organisms in the kingdoms Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Protista have in common?

Choices:
A. a nucleus
B. a cell membrane
C. a circular chromosome
D. a mitochondrion

Answer: B

Question: Which cellular structure do organisms in the kingdoms Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Protista have in common?
Answer:


Question: Which best describes an exothermic reaction?

Choices:
A. a physical change occurs
B. equal amounts of products are produced
C. energy is required
D. energy is released

Answer: D

Question: Which best describes an exothermic reaction?
Answer:


Question: Lichens grow on rocks and produce an acid that reacts with part of the rock, forming soil. Which best describes the action of lichens on the rocks?

Choices:
A. erosion
B. fertilizer
C. chemical weathering
D. mechanical weathering

Answer: C

Question: Lichens grow on rocks and produce an acid that reacts with part of the rock, forming soil. Which best describes the action of lichens on the rocks?
Answer:


Question: Tooth decay is an infection that causes deterioration of the protective enamel on teeth, resulting in damage. Tooth decay is most likely caused by

Choices:
A. bacteria.
B. acidic food.
C. allergies.
D. genetic defects.

Answer: A

Question: Tooth decay is an infection that causes deterioration of the protective enamel on teeth, resulting in damage. Tooth decay is most likely caused by
Answer:


Question: At concentrations of 0.1-1 µg/ml colchicine, a natural plant product, can cause the mitotic arrest of dividing cells at metaphase through disrupting the spindle apparatus. Colchicine interferes with which of these cell functions during cell division?

Choices:
A. microtubule organization of spindle fibers
B. DNA synthesis of spindle protein
C. membrane transport of spindle fibers
D. RNA synthesis of spindle protein

Answer: A

microtubule organization of spindle fibers

Question: At concentrations of 0.1-1 µg/ml colchicine, a natural plant product, can cause the mitotic arrest of dividing cells at metaphase through disrupting the spindle apparatus. Colchicine interferes with which of these cell functions during cell division?
Answer:


Question: A student hears on the radio that the outside temperature is 32°C. What type of weather will the student most likely expect when she steps outside?

Choices:
A. cool, rainy fall weather
B. cold, snowy winter weather
C. hot, sunny summer weather
D. spring weather with flowers blooming

Answer: C

Question: A student hears on the radio that the outside temperature is 32°C. What type of weather will the student most likely expect when she steps outside?
Answer:


Question: Secondary pollutants are produced in the environment by chemical reactions involving primary or emitted chemicals. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?

Choices:
A. carbon monoxide (CO)
B. nitrogen oxide (NO)
C. methane (CH_{4})
D. ozone (O_{3})

Answer: D

Question: Secondary pollutants are produced in the environment by chemical reactions involving primary or emitted chemicals. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
Answer:


Question: All of these are examples of observation and measurement except

Choices:
A. charting where birds fly.
B. attracting birds with birdseed.
C. counting the number of birds that fly by.
D. illustrating the different birds that fly by.

Answer: B

Question: All of these are examples of observation and measurement except
Answer:


Question: Melting, boiling, and freezing are examples of

Choices:
A. physical changes.
B. chemical changes.
C. magnetic changes.
D. electrical changes.

Answer: A

Question: Melting, boiling, and freezing are examples of
Answer:


Question: Which part of a sound wave measures loudness?

Choices:
A. wavelength
B. magnitude
C. amplitude
D. frequency

Answer: C

Question: Which part of a sound wave measures loudness?
Answer:


Question: Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved

Choices:
A. the quality of food.
B. the prediction of weather.
C. the availability of medication.
D. the effectiveness of vaccinations.

Answer: A

Question: Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved
Answer:


Question: Which is a characteristic Earth and the Moon have in common?

Choices:
A. seas
B. craters
C. thunderstorms
D. atmosphere

Answer: B

Question: Which is a characteristic Earth and the Moon have in common?
Answer:


Question: Which statement best describes how energy transfer within Earth's atmosphere can affect a weather condition?

Choices:
A. During radiation, objects directly transfer heat to each other which affects the air temperature.
B. During radiation, electromagnetic waves transfer heat and light energy which affects the air temperature.
C. During convection, objects directly transfer heat to each other which affects the amount of precipitation.
D. During convection, electromagnetic waves transfer heat and light energy which affects the amount of precipitation.

Answer: B

During radiation, electromagnetic waves transfer heat and light energy which affects the air temperature.

Question: Which statement best describes how energy transfer within Earth's atmosphere can affect a weather condition?
Answer:


Question: Which two forms of energy could best be used to increase the temperature of a sheet of copper?

Choices:
A. heat and light
B. heat and sound
C. light and magnetism
D. electricity and sound

Answer: A

Question: Which two forms of energy could best be used to increase the temperature of a sheet of copper?
Answer:


Question: Which process is an example of a physical change?

Choices:
1. wood burning
2. iron rusting
3. ice melting
4. milk souring

Answer: 3

Question: Which process is an example of a physical change?
Answer:


Question: Scientists find dinosaur fossils in the bottom rock layers of a cliff and mammal fossils in the middle rock layer of the cliff. Which could best be concluded from this evidence?

Choices:
A. Dinosaurs ate plants.
B. Dinosaurs were eaten by the mammals.
C. Dinosaurs lived on Earth before the mammals.
D. Dinosaurs and mammals lived at the same time.

Answer: C

Dinosaurs lived on Earth before the mammals.

Question: Scientists find dinosaur fossils in the bottom rock layers of a cliff and mammal fossils in the middle rock layer of the cliff. Which could best be concluded from this evidence?
Answer:


Question: What happens to climate and weather over a summer?

Choices:
A. Weather varies more than climate.
B. Climate varies more than weather.
C. Climate varies, but weather stays the same.
D. Weather and climate vary to the same degree.

Answer: A

Question: What happens to climate and weather over a summer?
Answer:


Question: How many different elements are in the 20 compound sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)?

Choices:
A. 1
B. 3
C. 6
D. 7

Answer: B

Question: How many different elements are in the 20 compound sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)?
Answer:


Question: Where do good bacteria grow to help keep people healthy?

Choices:
A. in the brain
B. in the blood
C. on the skin
D. on the bones

Answer: C

Question: Where do good bacteria grow to help keep people healthy?
Answer:


Question: Which of these were formed by glaciers that flowed through the Ruby Mountain region in northeastern Nevada?

Choices:
A. lakes
B. deserts
C. volcanic necks
D. V-shaped valleys

Answer: A

Question: Which of these were formed by glaciers that flowed through the Ruby Mountain region in northeastern Nevada?
Answer:


Question: On a field trip in a wooded area, you see a small, strange object. You wonder whether is is a live animal. The best way to find out is to observe the object to see if it

Choices:
A. has an odor.
B. has separate parts.
C. can make a noise and has a lifelike color.
D. carries out basic life functions.

Answer: D

Question: On a field trip in a wooded area, you see a small, strange object. You wonder whether is is a live animal. The best way to find out is to observe the object to see if it
Answer:


Question: How is xylem similar to phloem in a plant?

Choices:
A. They both take in water from the soil.
B. They both transport materials through the plant.
C. They both make sugar in the leaves.
D. They both store waste products in the plant cells.

Answer: B

They both transport materials through the plant.

Question: How is xylem similar to phloem in a plant?
Answer:


Question: Trees start as seeds and grow into mature trees that produce more seeds. This pattern represents a

Choices:
A. food chain
B. life cycle
C. food supply
D. life span

Answer: B

Question: Trees start as seeds and grow into mature trees that produce more seeds. This pattern represents a
Answer:


Question: Cell membranes allow some molecules to move freely across the membrane, while other molecules are restricted. Which term best describes this capability of a cell membrane?

Choices:
A. semipermeable
B. impervious
C. resilient
D. unyielding

Answer: A

Question: Cell membranes allow some molecules to move freely across the membrane, while other molecules are restricted. Which term best describes this capability of a cell membrane?
Answer:


Question: When a molecule is separated into its component parts, it forms

Choices:
A. compounds.
B. atoms.
C. protons.
D. ions.

Answer: B

Question: When a molecule is separated into its component parts, it forms
Answer:


Question: Needles on a cactus plant are actually leaves. This needle shape helps the plant survive by

Choices:
A. catching food.
B. preventing water loss.
C. staying in place.
D. reproducing.

Answer: B

Question: Needles on a cactus plant are actually leaves. This needle shape helps the plant survive by
Answer:


Question: Which process causes the fastest changes to the surface of Earth?

Choices:
A. a large glacier forming on a mountain
B. strong winds wearing away a rock cliff
C. a major earthquake happening in a mountain range
D. many waves on a lake moving pebbles onto a beach

Answer: C

a major earthquake happening in a mountain range

Question: Which process causes the fastest changes to the surface of Earth?
Answer:


Question: Last year Steve was shorter than his brother. This year Steve is taller than his brother. What cell process is directly responsible for Steve's growth?

Choices:
A. diffusion
B. mitosis
C. osmosis
D. respiration

Answer: B

Question: Last year Steve was shorter than his brother. This year Steve is taller than his brother. What cell process is directly responsible for Steve's growth?
Answer:


Question: Snow turns to liquid water when it

Choices:
A. freezes.
B. melts.
C. condenses.
D. evaporates.

Answer: B

Question: Snow turns to liquid water when it
Answer:


Question: A flat piece of paper has a mass of 5 grams. When the paper is crumpled into a ball, the mass of the crumpled paper is

Choices:
A. much more than that of the flat paper.
B. slightly more than that of the flat paper.
C. the same as that of the flat paper.
D. slightly less than that of the flat paper.

Answer: C

Question: A flat piece of paper has a mass of 5 grams. When the paper is crumpled into a ball, the mass of the crumpled paper is
Answer:


Question: A student rubs his hands together to warm them. His hands get warm due to

Choices:
A. friction
B. gravity
C. magnetism
D. sound

Answer: A

Question: A student rubs his hands together to warm them. His hands get warm due to
Answer:


Question: Which of these must occur when a substance goes through a chemical change?

Choices:
A. The substance gets larger.
B. The substance changes phases.
C. The substance changes shape.
D. The substance forms a new substance.

Answer: D

Question: Which of these must occur when a substance goes through a chemical change?
Answer:


Question: Which is not an inherited trait in humans?

Choices:
A. blue eyes
B. long fingers
C. calloused hands
D. attached earlobes

Answer: C

Question: Which is not an inherited trait in humans?
Answer:


Question: During a space mission, scientists will send experiments for the astronauts to conduct in space. In many cases, scientists have made predictions about the outcome of the experiment. Why do astronauts perform the experiment if the results have already been predicted?

Choices:
A. to obtain data to test a hypothesis
B. to make a complete observation
C. to make a report of the procedures
D. to make a hypothesis understandable

Answer: A

Question: During a space mission, scientists will send experiments for the astronauts to conduct in space. In many cases, scientists have made predictions about the outcome of the experiment. Why do astronauts perform the experiment if the results have already been predicted?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is the best reason for exercising on space flights?

Choices:
A. to increase strength for moving around in the cabin
B. to keep from becoming overweight on a space mission
C. to minimize the loss of muscle mass due to microgravity
D. to ensure that bodily fluids do not tend to collect in the feet

Answer: C

to minimize the loss of muscle mass due to microgravity

Question: Which of these is the best reason for exercising on space flights?
Answer:


Question: The mineral quartz naturally forms in various colors. Which difference in quartz formation results in the different colors?

Choices:
A. pressure at which the processes occurred
B. temperature at which the processes occurred
C. chemical impurities present as the processes occurred
D. amount of time passed since the processes occurred

Answer: C

chemical impurities present as the processes occurred

Question: The mineral quartz naturally forms in various colors. Which difference in quartz formation results in the different colors?
Answer:


Question: Which of these cell parts store genetic instructions for the entire organism and transfers them from one generation to the next?

Choices:
A. chloroplasts
B. mitochondria
C. DNA molecules
D. nuclear membranes

Answer: C

Question: Which of these cell parts store genetic instructions for the entire organism and transfers them from one generation to the next?
Answer:


Question: Evidence of organisms that lived on Earth a long time ago would most likely be found in

Choices:
A. crystals.
B. lava.
C. sedimentary rock.
D. metamorphic rock.

Answer: C

Question: Evidence of organisms that lived on Earth a long time ago would most likely be found in
Answer:


Question: Some research has shown that the burning of fossil fuels contributes to an effect called global warming, which scientists believe is changing the chemical makeup of Earth's atmosphere. Use of which invention would help lower this effect?

Choices:
A. electric car
B. digital camera
C. high-speed Internet
D. battery-powered radio

Answer: A

Question: Some research has shown that the burning of fossil fuels contributes to an effect called global warming, which scientists believe is changing the chemical makeup of Earth's atmosphere. Use of which invention would help lower this effect?
Answer:


Question: Miriam notices when she goes to the beach that sometimes the water rises as high as the pier. At other times of the day, the water barely covers the pillars under the pier. These differences in water level are primarily due to the gravitational influence of which of the following?

Choices:
A. the Sun
B. the Moon
C. asteroids
D. comets

Answer: B

Question: Miriam notices when she goes to the beach that sometimes the water rises as high as the pier. At other times of the day, the water barely covers the pillars under the pier. These differences in water level are primarily due to the gravitational influence of which of the following?
Answer:


Question: Which tool should a student use to examine spots on a frog?

Choices:
A. thermometer
B. hand lens
C. graduated cylinder
D. magnet

Answer: B

Question: Which tool should a student use to examine spots on a frog?
Answer:


Question: The carrion flower smells like rotting meat. What kind of pollinator is most likely attracted to the carrion flower?

Choices:
A. moth
B. butterfly
C. wasp
D. fly

Answer: D

Question: The carrion flower smells like rotting meat. What kind of pollinator is most likely attracted to the carrion flower?
Answer:


Question: Which organ is made mostly of muscle?

Choices:
A. heart
B. lung
C. ear
D. brain

Answer: A

Question: Which organ is made mostly of muscle?
Answer:


Question: During a demonstration, a teacher pours CO_{2} gas over a candle, putting out the flame. Which physical property allows the teacher to pour the CO_{2} gas?

Choices:
A. The gas is more dense than the air.
B. The gas is more visible than the air.
C. The gas smells different from the air.
D. The gas evaporates faster than the air.

Answer: A

Question: During a demonstration, a teacher pours CO_{2} gas over a candle, putting out the flame. Which physical property allows the teacher to pour the CO_{2} gas?
Answer:


Question: An octopus squirts black ink around itself to hide from predators. This adaptation is an example of

Choices:
A. creating shelter
B. recycling nutrients
C. a transfer of energy
D. a defense mechanism

Answer: D

Question: An octopus squirts black ink around itself to hide from predators. This adaptation is an example of
Answer:


Question: An enzyme in the Golgi apparatus catalyzes the addition of phosphates to which class of molecule?

Choices:
A. lipid
B. carbohydrate
C. nucleic acid
D. protein

Answer: D

Question: An enzyme in the Golgi apparatus catalyzes the addition of phosphates to which class of molecule?
Answer:


Question: Sofia put a bat house in a tree in her yard. The bats ate mosquitos in Sofia's yard at night and roosted in the house during the day. Droppings from the bat house nourished the tree. What kind of relationship exists between Sofia, the bats, and the tree?

Choices:
A. The relationship is competitive.
B. The relationship is cooperative.
C. The relationship is parasitic.
D. The relationship is predatory.

Answer: B

Question: Sofia put a bat house in a tree in her yard. The bats ate mosquitos in Sofia's yard at night and roosted in the house during the day. Droppings from the bat house nourished the tree. What kind of relationship exists between Sofia, the bats, and the tree?
Answer:


Question: A dark colored wall becomes warm when the Sun is shining on it. After the Sun sets, a person standing a meter away can feel warmth from the wall. How does heat transfer from the wall to the person?

Choices:
A. radiation
B. conduction
C. convection
D. insulation

Answer: A

Question: A dark colored wall becomes warm when the Sun is shining on it. After the Sun sets, a person standing a meter away can feel warmth from the wall. How does heat transfer from the wall to the person?
Answer:


Question: Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they

Choices:
A. cause disease in living organisms.
B. reduce soil erosion.
C. recycle oxygen to the air.
D. return nutrients to the soil.

Answer: D

Question: Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they
Answer:


Question: Sound waves travel the fastest through dense materials. Through which of these would sound waves travel the SLOWEST?

Choices:
A. air
B. glass
C. metal
D. water

Answer: A

Question: Sound waves travel the fastest through dense materials. Through which of these would sound waves travel the SLOWEST?
Answer:


Question: Which is the most likely way a scientist collects data during an experiment?

Choices:
A. calculator
B. graphs
C. observations
D. computer

Answer: C

Question: Which is the most likely way a scientist collects data during an experiment?
Answer:


Question: What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?

Choices:
A. air resistance
B. friction
C. gravity
D. magnetism

Answer: C

Question: What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
Answer:


Question: An electrical component that has a continuous path for electrons to flow is called

Choices:
A. a closed circuit.
B. an open circuit.
C. a filament.
D. a battery.

Answer: A

Question: An electrical component that has a continuous path for electrons to flow is called
Answer:


Question: Students combined baking soda and vinegar to demonstrate a chemical reaction. What indicates that a chemical reaction occurred?

Choices:
A. the formation of bubbles
B. a reduction in total mass
C. the disappearance of atoms
D. an increase in the number of atoms

Answer: A

Question: Students combined baking soda and vinegar to demonstrate a chemical reaction. What indicates that a chemical reaction occurred?
Answer:


Question: The breaking of a mineral into small, flat sheets is known as

Choices:
A. luster.
B. streak.
C. cleavage.
D. hardness.

Answer: C

Question: The breaking of a mineral into small, flat sheets is known as
Answer:


Question: Which of the following will absorb heat energy?

Choices:
A. two sticks being rubbed together
B. a piece of wood burning
C. steel wool rusting
D. ice cubes melting

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following will absorb heat energy?
Answer:


Question: A species of wasp lays its eggs in the larva of another insect. The wasp is a parasite, and the larva is the host. What is the relationship between the parasite and the host?

Choices:
A. Both the parasite and the host benefit.
B. Both the parasite and the host are harmed.
C. The parasite benefits and the host is harmed.
D. The parasite is harmed and the host benefits.

Answer: C

The parasite benefits and the host is harmed.

Question: A species of wasp lays its eggs in the larva of another insect. The wasp is a parasite, and the larva is the host. What is the relationship between the parasite and the host?
Answer:


Question: Cells perform many different processes that an organism needs to survive and grow. Which is the main function of the process of cellular respiration?

Choices:
A. the production of sugar
B. the release of energy
C. the formation of new proteins for the cell
D. the removal of waste products from the cell

Answer: B

Question: Cells perform many different processes that an organism needs to survive and grow. Which is the main function of the process of cellular respiration?
Answer:


Question: Volume and mass are properties of

Choices:
A. friction
B. light
C. matter
D. sound

Answer: C

Question: Volume and mass are properties of
Answer:


Question: Twins are born. One is a boy and one is a girl. Which statement is correct about their genetic makeup?

Choices:
A. The boy and girl inherit genetic material from the father only.
B. The boy and girl inherit genetic material from the mother only.
C. The boy and girl inherit genetic material from both parents.
D. The boy inherits genetic material from the father only and the girl inherits it from the mother only.

Answer: C

The boy and girl inherit genetic material from both parents.

Question: Twins are born. One is a boy and one is a girl. Which statement is correct about their genetic makeup?
Answer:


Question: Which job is done in Virginia only during the fall season?

Choices:
A. Picking apples
B. Feeding animals
C. Selling clothes
D. Building houses

Answer: A

Question: Which job is done in Virginia only during the fall season?
Answer:


Question: Choose the investigation that would best answer the question: Does the length of a string change how fast a pendulum swings?

Choices:
A. Tie identical weights to two strings of different lengths.
B. Tie two different weights to a string.
C. Tie identical weights to a long string.
D. Tie two different weights to two identical strings.

Answer: A

Tie identical weights to two strings of different lengths.

Question: Choose the investigation that would best answer the question: Does the length of a string change how fast a pendulum swings?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is a result of the tilt of Earth's axis?

Choices:
A. seasonal changes
B. hours in a day
C. heights of tides
D. moon phases

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following is a result of the tilt of Earth's axis?
Answer:


Question: When magnesium (Mg) metal is burned in the presence of oxygen (O?), magnesium oxide (MgO) is produced. The properties of magnesium oxide are different than the individual properties of magnesium and oxygen because magnesium oxide is

Choices:
A. a solution.
B. a mixture.
C. a compound.
D. an element.

Answer: C

Question: When magnesium (Mg) metal is burned in the presence of oxygen (O?), magnesium oxide (MgO) is produced. The properties of magnesium oxide are different than the individual properties of magnesium and oxygen because magnesium oxide is
Answer:


Question: A cold-blooded vertebrate with smooth skin belongs to what class of animals?

Choices:
A. reptile
B. fish
C. amphibian
D. mammal

Answer: C

Question: A cold-blooded vertebrate with smooth skin belongs to what class of animals?
Answer:


Question: A scientist wants to track contaminant movement in the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream is a warm water current in the North Atlantic Ocean and is part of the North Atlantic gyre. The gyre is influenced by the Coriolis effect. To follow the contaminant after it exits the Gulf Stream, the scientist needs to know characteristics of the North Atlantic gyre. Which of these best describes a movement of the North Atlantic gyre the scientist needs to know?

Choices:
A. linear movement due west
B. linear movement due south
C. clockwise movement
D. counterclockwise movement

Answer: C

Question: A scientist wants to track contaminant movement in the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream is a warm water current in the North Atlantic Ocean and is part of the North Atlantic gyre. The gyre is influenced by the Coriolis effect. To follow the contaminant after it exits the Gulf Stream, the scientist needs to know characteristics of the North Atlantic gyre. Which of these best describes a movement of the North Atlantic gyre the scientist needs to know?
Answer:


Question: A large plant population may impose selective pressure on a smaller, isolated group of plants, resulting in a change in allele distribution. Which mechanism is responsible for this change in the allele distribution?

Choices:
A. mutation
B. hybridization
C. genetic drift
D. trait acquisition

Answer: C

Question: A large plant population may impose selective pressure on a smaller, isolated group of plants, resulting in a change in allele distribution. Which mechanism is responsible for this change in the allele distribution?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is the most serious impact to an ecosystem after a tornado?

Choices:
A. an increase in biodiversity
B. soil erosion along with water pollution
C. the growth of plants in newly cleared areas
D. animals relocating to different habitats

Answer: B

Question: Which of these is the most serious impact to an ecosystem after a tornado?
Answer:


Question: What process is most responsible for the extinction of most species of plants and animals that have lived on Earth?

Choices:
A. gene mutation
B. environmental changes
C. selective breeding
D. decrease in reproduction

Answer: B

Question: What process is most responsible for the extinction of most species of plants and animals that have lived on Earth?
Answer:


Question: Rivers leave behind small pieces of rocks after they flood. These small pieces of rock form a floodplain. Which words best describe a floodplain?

Choices:
A. flat lands
B. many sinkholes
C. rugged peaks
D. long rows of ridges

Answer: A

Question: Rivers leave behind small pieces of rocks after they flood. These small pieces of rock form a floodplain. Which words best describe a floodplain?
Answer:


Question: The Sun produces energy through

Choices:
A. chemical reactions.
B. fission of uranium.
C. nuclear fusion.
D. volcanic eruptions.

Answer: C

Question: The Sun produces energy through
Answer:


Question: Energy flows in an ecosystem through food webs. Which form of energy is the least available for reuse in a food web?

Choices:
A. heat energy
B. sunlight energy
C. energy from producers
D. energy from consumers

Answer: A

Question: Energy flows in an ecosystem through food webs. Which form of energy is the least available for reuse in a food web?
Answer:


Question: Recycling newspapers is good for the environment because it

Choices:
A. increases the need for trees.
B. helps conserve resources.
C. increases the need for landfills.
D. helps remove pollutants from the air.

Answer: B

Question: Recycling newspapers is good for the environment because it
Answer:


Question: An echo is a sound wave that has been

Choices:
A. absorbed.
B. refracted.
C. scattered.
D. reflected.

Answer: D

Question: An echo is a sound wave that has been
Answer:


Question: An area is semiarid, has few trees, and is home to ground-nesting birds. This area is most likely part of which biome?

Choices:
A. tundra
B. taiga
C. grassland
D. desert

Answer: C

Question: An area is semiarid, has few trees, and is home to ground-nesting birds. This area is most likely part of which biome?
Answer:


Question: In plants, what is responsible for passing traits from one generation to the next?

Choices:
A. chloroplasts
B. photosynthesis
C. roots
D. genes

Answer: D

Question: In plants, what is responsible for passing traits from one generation to the next?
Answer:


Question: What is the main function of red blood cells?

Choices:
A. To fight disease in the body
B. To carry oxygen to all parts of the body
C. To remove carbon monoxide from all parts of the body
D. To produce materials which cause the blood to clot.

Answer: B

To carry oxygen to all parts of the body

Question: What is the main function of red blood cells?
Answer:


Question: Which best describes how earthworms improve soil as they eat dead plant material?

Choices:
A. They make the soil clean.
B. They keep disease out of the soil.
C. They recycle nutrients into the soil.
D. They remove extra water from the soil.

Answer: C

Question: Which best describes how earthworms improve soil as they eat dead plant material?
Answer:


Question: Which of these tools is best for recording observations outdoors?

Choices:
A. a ruler
B. a graph
C. a notebook
D. a calculator

Answer: C

Question: Which of these tools is best for recording observations outdoors?
Answer:


Question: One advantage of a hand lens over a microscope is that the hand lens

Choices:
A. is easier to carry on field investigations.
B. is less likely to be infected by bacteria.
C. makes very tiny objects appear larger.
D. produces a more accurate image.

Answer: A

is easier to carry on field investigations.

Question: One advantage of a hand lens over a microscope is that the hand lens
Answer:


Question: Physical features help animals survive. Which statement best describes physical adaptations that occur through natural selection in changing environments?

Choices:
A. They result in population decline.
B. They are all observable in the fossil record.
C. They occur slowly over long periods of time.
D. They are more likely to be observed in plants.

Answer: C

They occur slowly over long periods of time.

Question: Physical features help animals survive. Which statement best describes physical adaptations that occur through natural selection in changing environments?
Answer:


Question: Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?

Choices:
A. Aquifers recharge slowly.
B. Lake water is reserved for recreation.
C. Increasing biomass decreases evaporation rates.
D. Tall buildings impede the development of rain clouds.

Answer: A

Question: Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?
Answer:


Question: Herbivores obtain most of their energy by

Choices:
1. consuming animals
2. consuming plants
3. producing sugar
4. absorbing sunlight

Answer: 2

Question: Herbivores obtain most of their energy by
Answer:


Question: In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place?

Choices:
A. liver
B. stomach
C. small intestine
D. large intestine

Answer: C

Question: In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place?
Answer:


Question: Why do some animals hibernate in the winter?

Choices:
A. to find food for their young
B. to adapt to environmental changes
C. to attract a mate
D. to avoid predators

Answer: B

Question: Why do some animals hibernate in the winter?
Answer:


Question: Which motion causes the pattern of day and night on Earth?

Choices:
A. Earth rotates on its axis
B. Earth orbits around the sun
C. the moon rotates on its axis
D. the moon orbits around Earth

Answer: A

Question: Which motion causes the pattern of day and night on Earth?
Answer:


Question: Which is true of a car that is accelerating along a horizontal roadway?

Choices:
A. Its kinetic energy is increasing
B. Its kinetic energy is decreasing.
C. Its potential energy is increasing.
D. Its potential energy is decreasing.

Answer: A

Question: Which is true of a car that is accelerating along a horizontal roadway?
Answer:


Question: What can we learn by studying fossils?

Choices:
A. how hurricanes formed long ago
B. how the solar system was formed
C. the cause of strong earthquakes
D. how Earth's environments have changed

Answer: D

Question: What can we learn by studying fossils?
Answer:


Question: Elements on the Periodic Table of the Elements are classified into categories such as

Choices:
1. rocks and minerals
2. molecules and atoms
3. mixtures and compounds
4. metals and nonmetals

Answer: 4

Question: Elements on the Periodic Table of the Elements are classified into categories such as
Answer:


Question: A change in the position of an object as time changes best describes

Choices:
A. direction.
B. waves.
C. motion.
D. frequency.

Answer: C

Question: A change in the position of an object as time changes best describes
Answer:


Question: Some machines have been designed to perform complicated tasks which result from a demand for

Choices:
A. minimizing illness from disease.
B. minimizing the need for manual labor.
C. maximizing the price of consumer goods.
D. maximizing the use of non-renewable resources.

Answer: B

Question: Some machines have been designed to perform complicated tasks which result from a demand for
Answer:


Question: What is at the center of our solar system?

Choices:
A. a medium planet with an atmosphere.
B. a star composed of carbon and nitrogen.
C. a black hole that was once a star.
D. a star composed of hydrogen and helium.

Answer: D

Question: What is at the center of our solar system?
Answer:


Question: What is one way the body reacts to cold weather?

Choices:
A. sneezing
B. swallowing
C. shivering
D. sweating

Answer: C

Question: What is one way the body reacts to cold weather?
Answer:


Question: The removal of waste from Florida's East Bay and Pensacola Bay is intended to speed the bay ecosystem's natural tendency to do which of the following?

Choices:
A. adapt to a changed landscape
B. undergo ecosystem progression
C. return to its pre-pollution conditions
D. produce organisms that can survive changed conditions

Answer: C

Question: The removal of waste from Florida's East Bay and Pensacola Bay is intended to speed the bay ecosystem's natural tendency to do which of the following?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following statements best describes the process of natural selection in a population?

Choices:
A. All individuals develop traits to match changes to their environment.
B. All individuals learn to adapt to specific changes that occur slowly in their environment.
C. Some individuals respond to their environment by mutating to make themselves more likely to survive.
D. Some individuals have genetic differences that make them more likely to survive and reproduce in their environment.

Answer: D

Some individuals have genetic differences that make them more likely to survive and reproduce in their environment.

Question: Which of the following statements best describes the process of natural selection in a population?
Answer: