Question: Why do trees like oaks and walnuts depend upon squirrels?

Choices:
A. to control population size
B. to pollinate their flowers
C. to remove dead wood
D. to aid in seed distribution

Answer: D

Question: Why do trees like oaks and walnuts depend upon squirrels?
Answer:


Question: The skin, lungs, and kidneys work together to

Choices:
A. help eliminate body wastes.
B. help blood circulate.
C. aid in digestion.
D. aid in respiration.

Answer: A

Question: The skin, lungs, and kidneys work together to
Answer:


Question: Which article might appear in a scientific magazine?

Choices:
A. "The Religions of South America"
B. "The Money Systems of South America"
C. "The Flora and Fauna of South America"
D. "The Political Systems of South America"

Answer: C

Question: Which article might appear in a scientific magazine?
Answer:


Question: What eventually happens to a species when the environment changes and the organisms do not adapt?

Choices:
1. classification
2. development
3. extinction
4. regulation

Answer: 3

Question: What eventually happens to a species when the environment changes and the organisms do not adapt?
Answer:


Question: In a northern state, a room used for growing plants is not allowing enough light to enter for healthy plant growth. Adding windows in walls facing which direction would best solve this problem?

Choices:
A. north
B. south
C. east
D. west

Answer: B

Question: In a northern state, a room used for growing plants is not allowing enough light to enter for healthy plant growth. Adding windows in walls facing which direction would best solve this problem?
Answer:


Question: What type of cell passes on mutations?

Choices:
A. skin cell
B. nerve cell
C. red blood cell
D. egg cell

Answer: D

Question: What type of cell passes on mutations?
Answer:


Question: The extensive branching of neurons helps them to perform which function?

Choices:
A. maintain structural stability
B. stockpile chemical energy
C. communicate with other neurons
D. secrete hormones

Answer: C

Question: The extensive branching of neurons helps them to perform which function?
Answer:


Question: Three gases found in Earth's atmosphere are carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen. What is their order of abundance from greatest to least?

Choices:
A. nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
B. nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen
C. oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide
D. carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen

Answer: A

Question: Three gases found in Earth's atmosphere are carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen. What is their order of abundance from greatest to least?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best way to generate an electrical current in a coil of wire?

Choices:
A. stroking the coil with a piece of silk
B. heating the coil uniformly
C. laying the coil near a magnet
D. rotating the coil in a magnetic field

Answer: D

Question: Which is the best way to generate an electrical current in a coil of wire?
Answer:


Question: Sandstone and all other types of sedimentary rock are made up of particles. The source materials of these particles consist of

Choices:
A. fragments that broke off of older rocks.
B. magma that cooled deep below a volcano.
C. gases that condensed in the atmosphere.
D. vegetation that decayed in thick layers.

Answer: A

fragments that broke off of older rocks.

Question: Sandstone and all other types of sedimentary rock are made up of particles. The source materials of these particles consist of
Answer:


Question: Dr. Mendez specializes in patients who have osteoarthritis. His patients often complain of pain and swelling due to loss of cartilage. Which system is most affected by this disease?

Choices:
A. cardiovascular
B. digestive
C. immune
D. musculoskeletal

Answer: D

Question: Dr. Mendez specializes in patients who have osteoarthritis. His patients often complain of pain and swelling due to loss of cartilage. Which system is most affected by this disease?
Answer:


Question: Acid rain is the result of pollutants being released into the

Choices:
A. air.
B. soil.
C. rivers.
D. oceans.

Answer: A

Question: Acid rain is the result of pollutants being released into the
Answer:


Question: Which sequence represents the correct levels of organization for multicellular organisms?

Choices:
1. cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system
2. tissue -> organ -> cell -> organ system
3. organ system -> organ -> cell -> tissue
4. cell -> organ -> tissue -> organ system

Answer: 1

Question: Which sequence represents the correct levels of organization for multicellular organisms?
Answer:


Question: What do the long vine of an ivy plant and the trunk of an oak tree have in common?

Choices:
A. They are both flexible.
B. They are both stiff.
C. They both make food for a plant.
D. They both give support to a plant.

Answer: D

Question: What do the long vine of an ivy plant and the trunk of an oak tree have in common?
Answer:


Question: What is the name of the process in the water cycle shown by label 1?

Choices:
A. infiltration
B. evaporation
C. condensation
D. precipitation

Answer: B

Question: What is the name of the process in the water cycle shown by label 1?
Answer:


Question: A student places a chemical in an insulated container and measures the temperature. A second chemical is added and the container is sealed and the temperature is monitored. What is the student trying to determine?

Choices:
A. What color changes can be observed?
B. How much precipitate is formed?
C. Is heat absorbed or released?
D. How can this reaction be reversed?

Answer: C

Question: A student places a chemical in an insulated container and measures the temperature. A second chemical is added and the container is sealed and the temperature is monitored. What is the student trying to determine?
Answer:


Question: Which has the longest wavelength?

Choices:
A. red light
B. green light
C. violet light
D. yellow light

Answer: A

Question: Which has the longest wavelength?
Answer:


Question: A class is studying how gravity affects objects in motion. Which tool would best measure the distance an object travels after it is thrown?

Choices:
A. a magnetic compass
B. a meter stick
C. a calculator
D. a stop watch

Answer: B

Question: A class is studying how gravity affects objects in motion. Which tool would best measure the distance an object travels after it is thrown?
Answer:


Question: In an effort to preserve wildlife on his farm in Massachusetts, a farmer decides to stop using a 10-acre field. The farmer fences off the area, stops cutting the grass, and stops allowing livestock to graze on it. After twenty years, the area would most likely

Choices:
A. be covered with moss and rocks.
B. be a mature hardwood forest.
C. be grown over with bushes and small trees.
D. be barren due to lack of maintenance.

Answer: C

be grown over with bushes and small trees.

Question: In an effort to preserve wildlife on his farm in Massachusetts, a farmer decides to stop using a 10-acre field. The farmer fences off the area, stops cutting the grass, and stops allowing livestock to graze on it. After twenty years, the area would most likely
Answer:


Question: Which of the following items is necessary in a laboratory for safety purposes?

Choices:
A. Triple-beam balance
B. Metric ruler
C. Computer monitor
D. Fire extinguisher

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following items is necessary in a laboratory for safety purposes?
Answer:


Question: Why are many desert animals more active at night?

Choices:
A. It is drier at night.
B. It is cooler at night.
C. There is less danger at night.
D. There is less wind at night.

Answer: B

Question: Why are many desert animals more active at night?
Answer:


Question: The color of a star indicates its

Choices:
A. speed.
B. volume.
C. distance.
D. temperature.

Answer: D

Question: The color of a star indicates its
Answer:


Question: Which of these will most likely occur if chemicals from fertilizers run off into lakes and streams?

Choices:
A. Water quality will improve.
B. Aquatic animals will thrive.
C. Fish will die from a lack of oxygen.
D. Aquatic plants will stop growing.

Answer: C

Question: Which of these will most likely occur if chemicals from fertilizers run off into lakes and streams?
Answer:


Question: Which surgery is most like the way a transgenic organism is made?

Choices:
A. Adelle receives an artificial hip to ease her arthritis.
B. Kwan receives a pacemaker to regulate his heartbeat.
C. Hector receives a replacement heart valve from a cow.
D. Denise receives a kidney donated by her identical twin.

Answer: C

Hector receives a replacement heart valve from a cow.

Question: Which surgery is most like the way a transgenic organism is made?
Answer:


Question: Which gas could cause a glowing splint to burst into flame?

Choices:
A. Neon
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Carbon dioxide

Answer: B

Question: Which gas could cause a glowing splint to burst into flame?
Answer:


Question: A 13-year-old boy has blue eyes. Which statement concerning his eye color is correct?

Choices:
A. It is a result of asexual reproduction.
B. It is a result of childhood nutrition.
C. It is an inherited characteristic.
D. It is a personal choice.

Answer: C

Question: A 13-year-old boy has blue eyes. Which statement concerning his eye color is correct?
Answer:


Question: Which features form when magma emerges between two diverging oceanic plates?

Choices:
A. ocean trenches
B. fault boundaries
C. mid-ocean ridges
D. composite volcanoes

Answer: C

Question: Which features form when magma emerges between two diverging oceanic plates?
Answer:


Question: A glass of ice water is placed on a table. After 10 minutes, there are drops of water on the outside surface of the glass. Which change in phase caused the drops of water?

Choices:
A. Liquid water in the air evaporated into a gas.
B. Liquid water in the air condensed into a solid.
C. Water vapor from the air evaporated into a liquid.
D. Water vapor from the air condensed into a liquid.

Answer: D

Water vapor from the air condensed into a liquid.

Question: A glass of ice water is placed on a table. After 10 minutes, there are drops of water on the outside surface of the glass. Which change in phase caused the drops of water?
Answer:


Question: Warm air masses that rise over Earth's equator move north or south. This movement is primarily the result of which of the following processes?

Choices:
A. conduction
B. convection
C. insulation
D. radiation

Answer: B

Question: Warm air masses that rise over Earth's equator move north or south. This movement is primarily the result of which of the following processes?
Answer:


Question: Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem?

Choices:
A. It makes the ocean water saltier.
B. It removes sand from the ocean floor.
C. It causes ocean waves to become stronger.
D. It creates a habitat for some ocean animals.

Answer: D

It creates a habitat for some ocean animals.

Question: Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: What process in the atmosphere protects people from the ultraviolet rays in sunlight?

Choices:
A. Ozone absorbs ultraviolet light.
B. Nitrogen reflects ultraviolet light.
C. Water vapor scatters ultraviolet light.
D. Carbon dioxide blocks ultraviolet light.

Answer: A

Question: What process in the atmosphere protects people from the ultraviolet rays in sunlight?
Answer:


Question: How does the buying and selling of a popular species of rainforest animal as pets have a negative effect on the rainforest ecosystem?

Choices:
A. The rate of photosynthesis may decrease.
B. There is a probability of genetic variability.
C. The number of symbiotic relationships increases.
D. It could lead to the potential extinction of those animals.

Answer: D

It could lead to the potential extinction of those animals.

Question: How does the buying and selling of a popular species of rainforest animal as pets have a negative effect on the rainforest ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: Which tool would be best for students to use to observe and measure plant cells?

Choices:
A. microscope
B. hand lens
C. metric ruler
D. triple-beam balance

Answer: A

Question: Which tool would be best for students to use to observe and measure plant cells?
Answer:


Question: When birds fly south for the winter, they are exhibiting

Choices:
A. courtship.
B. mimicry.
C. learned behavior.
D. instinctive behavior.

Answer: D

Question: When birds fly south for the winter, they are exhibiting
Answer:


Question: Louis was investigating physical and chemical changes in matter. Which of these changes that Louis found involves a chemical change in matter?

Choices:
A. evaporation of water
B. grinding of rock
C. melting of ice
D. rusting of iron

Answer: D

Question: Louis was investigating physical and chemical changes in matter. Which of these changes that Louis found involves a chemical change in matter?
Answer:


Question: Louisa needs to demonstrate a solution to her class. Which is the best example of a solution?

Choices:
A. mixing salt and pepper
B. melting butter
C. stirring salt into water
D. melting an ice cube

Answer: C

Question: Louisa needs to demonstrate a solution to her class. Which is the best example of a solution?
Answer:


Question: The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which

Choices:
A. stars change.
B. continents move.
C. rocks are formed.
D. tides are produced.

Answer: B

Question: The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which
Answer:


Question: Which of the following symbiotic relationships is considered parasitic?

Choices:
A. ticks feeding on a dog
B. bees transporting pollen from flowers
C. pilotfish swimming under sharks
D. birds eating the insects from the back of a hippopotamus

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following symbiotic relationships is considered parasitic?
Answer:


Question: When an egg and sperm form an embryo, the offspring that is formed will have genetic traits that are

Choices:
A. inherited from only one parent.
B. created by the environment.
C. passed on from two parents.
D. learned from siblings.

Answer: C

Question: When an egg and sperm form an embryo, the offspring that is formed will have genetic traits that are
Answer:


Question: According to scientists, donkeys and horses share a common ancestor. Which evidence shows that the two organisms are related?

Choices:
A. Both are tall.
B. Both run fast.
C. They have the same diet.
D. They have the same bones in their limbs.

Answer: D

They have the same bones in their limbs.

Question: According to scientists, donkeys and horses share a common ancestor. Which evidence shows that the two organisms are related?
Answer:


Question: Scientists have created trains that use magnets to make the trains float above the tracks as they travel. These trains float because

Choices:
1. the track is waxed
2. the like poles repel
3. the train has a low density
4. a chemical change occurs

Answer: 2

Question: Scientists have created trains that use magnets to make the trains float above the tracks as they travel. These trains float because
Answer:


Question: Which property of a substance indicates whether the substance is a liquid or a solid at room temperature?

Choices:
1. melting point
2. electrical conductivity
3. flexibility
4. solubility

Answer: 1

Question: Which property of a substance indicates whether the substance is a liquid or a solid at room temperature?
Answer:


Question: A light bulb transforms electrical energy into light energy. A light bulb also transforms electrical energy into

Choices:
A. heat energy
B. potential energy
C. magnetic energy
D. mechanical energy

Answer: A

Question: A light bulb transforms electrical energy into light energy. A light bulb also transforms electrical energy into
Answer:


Question: Animals get energy from the food they eat. What is the original source of this energy?

Choices:
A. the soil
B. the water cycle
C. the Sun
D. fertilizers

Answer: C

Question: Animals get energy from the food they eat. What is the original source of this energy?
Answer:


Question: What is the mass of an asteroid with a speed of 200 m/s and a momentum of 2,000 kg x m/s?

Choices:
A. 10 kg
B. 1,800 kg
C. 2,200 kg
D. 400,000 kg

Answer: A

Question: What is the mass of an asteroid with a speed of 200 m/s and a momentum of 2,000 kg x m/s?
Answer:


Question: Stomata are tiny pores located on the leaves of plants. These pores permit the exchange of gases between air in the environment and plant cells located inside the leaf. Which tissue performs a similar function in vertebrates?

Choices:
A. The cornea in the eye
B. The alveoli in the lungs
C. The chambers in the heart
D. The salivary glands in the mouth

Answer: B

Question: Stomata are tiny pores located on the leaves of plants. These pores permit the exchange of gases between air in the environment and plant cells located inside the leaf. Which tissue performs a similar function in vertebrates?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is a chemical property of a substance?

Choices:
A. mass of 372 g
B. reacts with HCl
C. density of 37 g/cm^3
D. white powder with silver specks

Answer: B

Question: Which of the following is a chemical property of a substance?
Answer:


Question: Which information does a student need to differentiate between the speed and the velocity of a vehicle in motion?

Choices:
A. the rate of the motion
B. the direction of the motion
C. the change in the amount of motion
D. the amount of distance traveled during motion

Answer: B

Question: Which information does a student need to differentiate between the speed and the velocity of a vehicle in motion?
Answer:


Question: A renewable energy source is a source that will not run out. Which is an example of the use of such a source?

Choices:
A. A coal furnace heating a house
B. a windmill pumping water on a farm
C. a kerosene lamp lighting a room
D. a diesel truck traveling along a road

Answer: B

Question: A renewable energy source is a source that will not run out. Which is an example of the use of such a source?
Answer:


Question: What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Choices:
A. provides energy
B. provides nutrients
C. controls activity
D. controls movement

Answer: C

Question: What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
Answer:


Question: Ben has a snack with a combination of raisins, chocolate pieces, and nuts. As he eats the snack, Ben picks out all of the raisins. Which best describes the snack Ben is eating?

Choices:
A. a compound
B. an element
C. a solution
D. a mixture

Answer: D

Question: Ben has a snack with a combination of raisins, chocolate pieces, and nuts. As he eats the snack, Ben picks out all of the raisins. Which best describes the snack Ben is eating?
Answer:


Question: Which best describes what keeps the Moon orbiting around Earth?

Choices:
A. speed
B. gravity
C. weight
D. friction

Answer: B

Question: Which best describes what keeps the Moon orbiting around Earth?
Answer:


Question: When nearly vertical rays of solar energy strike a region of the Earth, that area has warm temperatures. What region of the Earth gets nearly vertical rays of solar energy year around?

Choices:
A. Equator
B. Australia
C. United States
D. North and South Poles

Answer: A

Question: When nearly vertical rays of solar energy strike a region of the Earth, that area has warm temperatures. What region of the Earth gets nearly vertical rays of solar energy year around?
Answer:


Question: Which is a force that keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?

Choices:
A. inertia
B. gravity
C. magnetism
D. solar energy

Answer: B

Question: Which is a force that keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
Answer:


Question: In which organism can cell walls be found?

Choices:
A. moth
B. grass
C. snake
D. hawk

Answer: B

Question: In which organism can cell walls be found?
Answer:


Question: Which form of precipitation is most likely to cause damage when hitting the roof of a car?

Choices:
A. hail
B. rain
C. sleet
D. snow

Answer: A

Question: Which form of precipitation is most likely to cause damage when hitting the roof of a car?
Answer:


Question: Sir Isaac Newton stated that every object in the universe attracts matter. The attraction depends on the mass of an object and the distance between the objects. What type of force did Newton describe?

Choices:
A. centripetal force
B. generalized force
C. centrifugal force
D. gravitational force

Answer: D

Question: Sir Isaac Newton stated that every object in the universe attracts matter. The attraction depends on the mass of an object and the distance between the objects. What type of force did Newton describe?
Answer:


Question: Before concrete has hardened, it exhibits plasticity. This is an advantage because it allows the concrete to

Choices:
A. become strong as it cures.
B. withstand compression.
C. remain pliable after hardening.
D. be molded into almost any shape.

Answer: D

Question: Before concrete has hardened, it exhibits plasticity. This is an advantage because it allows the concrete to
Answer:


Question: In an ecosystem, which list of organisms is in the correct order from producer to top-level consumer?

Choices:
A. field mouse, grass, hawk snake
B. snake, field mouse, hawk, grass
C. grass, field mouse, snake, hawk
D. snake, grass, field mouse, hawk

Answer: C

Question: In an ecosystem, which list of organisms is in the correct order from producer to top-level consumer?
Answer:


Question: Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. coal and natural gas
B. natural gas and nuclear energy
C. nuclear energy and hydropower
D. hydropower and coal

Answer: A

Question: Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: A power plant uses chemical energy to produce electricity. What source of energy does the power plant most likely use?

Choices:
A. wind
B. sunlight
C. fossil fuel
D. tidal waves

Answer: C

Question: A power plant uses chemical energy to produce electricity. What source of energy does the power plant most likely use?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a river ecosystem?

Choices:
A. dragonfly
B. trout
C. water
D. frog

Answer: C

Question: Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a river ecosystem?
Answer:


Question: Which feature results when plates of different densities converge and one plate slips under the other?

Choices:
A. a fault
B. a ridge
C. a trench
D. a rift zone

Answer: C

Question: Which feature results when plates of different densities converge and one plate slips under the other?
Answer:


Question: Some prokaryotes once classified in the domain Bacteria are now classified as

Choices:
A. Fungi.
B. Plantae.
C. Archaea.
D. Protista.

Answer: C

Question: Some prokaryotes once classified in the domain Bacteria are now classified as
Answer:


Question: Which of these technologies helps a power company use renewable energy for the production of electricity?

Choices:
A. hydroelectric power
B. nuclear power plants
C. natural gas generators
D. coal-fired power plants

Answer: A

Question: Which of these technologies helps a power company use renewable energy for the production of electricity?
Answer:


Question: Which sea otter behavior is learned?

Choices:
A. using fur to trap air for warmth
B. cracking open clams with a rock
C. nursing its young for six months
D. closing its ears under water

Answer: B

Question: Which sea otter behavior is learned?
Answer:


Question: Scientists noted that muscles and bones would need physical stress to remain healthy during manned space flights. Which of these had to be planned for because of this need?

Choices:
A. practicing space walking
B. counseling activities for tension
C. exercising to maintain strength
D. monitoring circadian rhythms

Answer: C

Question: Scientists noted that muscles and bones would need physical stress to remain healthy during manned space flights. Which of these had to be planned for because of this need?
Answer:


Question: Two spotted leopards produce a litter of four cubs. Three of the cubs are spotted and one is solid black. The black coat is probably what type of trait?

Choices:
A. dominant
B. recessive
C. polygenic
D. sex-linked

Answer: B

Question: Two spotted leopards produce a litter of four cubs. Three of the cubs are spotted and one is solid black. The black coat is probably what type of trait?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is a reason that scientists revise theories?

Choices:
A. public opinion in favor of a revised theory
B. corporate sponsorship of a revised theory
C. government policy based on a revised theory
D. experimental results that support a revised theory

Answer: D

experimental results that support a revised theory

Question: Which of these is a reason that scientists revise theories?
Answer:


Question: Which part of digestion is mainly a chemical change?

Choices:
A. Teeth break food into small pieces.
B. Throat muscles push food toward the stomach.
C. Stomach acids dissolve food into nutrients.
D. Intestinal cells transport nutrients into the blood.

Answer: C

Stomach acids dissolve food into nutrients.

Question: Which part of digestion is mainly a chemical change?
Answer:


Question: Which process is taking place when water freezes between cracks in rocks?

Choices:
A. deposition
B. weathering
C. sedimentation
D. crystallization

Answer: B

Question: Which process is taking place when water freezes between cracks in rocks?
Answer:


Question: A group of workers needs to move a piano from the second floor of a building. The piano is too wide to fit through the door, so they will lower the piano to the ground through a window. Which tool would be best to help the workers lower the piano from the window?

Choices:
A. wheel and axle
B. inclined plane
C. pulley
D. wedge

Answer: C

Question: A group of workers needs to move a piano from the second floor of a building. The piano is too wide to fit through the door, so they will lower the piano to the ground through a window. Which tool would be best to help the workers lower the piano from the window?
Answer:


Question: Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood?

Choices:
A. a cell
B. a tissue
C. an organ
D. a system

Answer: B

Question: Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood?
Answer:


Question: Which unit is used to express the amount of energy in food?

Choices:
1. Calorie
2. degree Celsius
3. milliliter
4. gram

Answer: 1

Question: Which unit is used to express the amount of energy in food?
Answer:


Question: Which best describes a scientific theory?

Choices:
A. It is still being tested.
B. It is true, once written.
C. It is different for each continent.
D. It is determined in a court of law.

Answer: A

Question: Which best describes a scientific theory?
Answer:


Question: One of the main causes of acid rain is

Choices:
A. Waste from nuclear power plants
B. Spills from chemical manufacturing plants
C. Gases from burning fossil fuels
D. Gases from aerosol spray cans

Answer: C

Question: One of the main causes of acid rain is
Answer:


Question: Which set of conditions will produce an electric current in a closed loop of wire?

Choices:
A. a magnet touching the loop of wire
B. a magnet at rest inside the loop of wire
C. a magnet at rest outside the loop of wire
D. a magnet passing through the loop of wire

Answer: D

a magnet passing through the loop of wire

Question: Which set of conditions will produce an electric current in a closed loop of wire?
Answer:


Question: Great distances in space are measured in

Choices:
A. kilometers.
B. light years.
C. megameters.
D. astronomical units.

Answer: B

Question: Great distances in space are measured in
Answer:


Question: One year a farmer decided not to plant crops in one of his fields. During that year his farm received a greater amount of precipitation than normal. Which will most likely occur in that unplanted field as a result of the greater precipitation?

Choices:
A. more carbon dioxide will be trapped in the field
B. erosion of topsoil will increase in the field
C. invasive species will inhabit the field
D. animals will dig burrows in the field

Answer: B

erosion of topsoil will increase in the field

Question: One year a farmer decided not to plant crops in one of his fields. During that year his farm received a greater amount of precipitation than normal. Which will most likely occur in that unplanted field as a result of the greater precipitation?
Answer:


Question: When heated, mercuric oxide decomposes to form liquid mercury and oxygen. A scientist heated 10 grams (g) of mercuric oxide and formed 9.3 grams of liquid mercury. How many grams of oxygen were formed?

Choices:
A. 0.7 g
B. 9.3 g
C. 10.0 g
D. 19.3 g

Answer: A

Question: When heated, mercuric oxide decomposes to form liquid mercury and oxygen. A scientist heated 10 grams (g) of mercuric oxide and formed 9.3 grams of liquid mercury. How many grams of oxygen were formed?
Answer:


Question: What is the main function of the chloroplasts in plant cells?

Choices:
A. to produce glucose
B. to keep the cell rigid
C. to make the cell divide
D. to allow the plant to reproduce

Answer: A

Question: What is the main function of the chloroplasts in plant cells?
Answer:


Question: When is the most energy transferred from the Sun to water in the water cycle?

Choices:
A. during collection
B. during evaporation
C. during condensation
D. during precipitation

Answer: B

Question: When is the most energy transferred from the Sun to water in the water cycle?
Answer:


Question: Which material best conducts heat and electricity?

Choices:
A. metal
B. plastic
C. rubber
D. wood

Answer: A

Question: Which material best conducts heat and electricity?
Answer:


Question: A student has decided to investigate whether the number of flowers on a plant will increase if the water supply to the plant is increased. She has five pots of geranium plants to use in her experiment. What factor in the experiment should be varied for the five plants in order to answer the student's question?

Choices:
A. age of seedlings
B. temperature of water
C. volume of water
D. number of hours in sunlight

Answer: C

Question: A student has decided to investigate whether the number of flowers on a plant will increase if the water supply to the plant is increased. She has five pots of geranium plants to use in her experiment. What factor in the experiment should be varied for the five plants in order to answer the student's question?
Answer:


Question: Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the Sun. Which units do astronomers most often use for the distance between Earth and Proxima Centauri?

Choices:
A. miles
B. meters
C. light years
D. astronomical units

Answer: C

Question: Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the Sun. Which units do astronomers most often use for the distance between Earth and Proxima Centauri?
Answer:


Question: When a spoon hits a table, it makes a loud sound. When the spoon hits a soft cushion, it does not make a sound. What is the difference between the table and the cushion that accounts for the sound?

Choices:
A. The table is more reactive than the cushion.
B. The table vibrates more than the cushion.
C. The table is more insulated than the cushion.
D. The table has more potential energy than the cushion.

Answer: B

The table vibrates more than the cushion.

Question: When a spoon hits a table, it makes a loud sound. When the spoon hits a soft cushion, it does not make a sound. What is the difference between the table and the cushion that accounts for the sound?
Answer:


Question: Which stimulus causes a responding plant to demonstrate phototropism?

Choices:
A. intensity of light
B. direction of light
C. length of day
D. time of day

Answer: B

Question: Which stimulus causes a responding plant to demonstrate phototropism?
Answer:


Question: What are the properties of the Earth's crust and mantle that are most responsible for Earth's tectonic activity?

Choices:
A. They are in different states and have different temperatures.
B. They are in the same state but have different temperatures.
C. They are in different states but have the same temperature.
D. They are the same state and have the same temperature.

Answer: A

They are in different states and have different temperatures.

Question: What are the properties of the Earth's crust and mantle that are most responsible for Earth's tectonic activity?
Answer:


Question: When observing a very small piece of dust in a liquid under a microscope, the dust appears to jiggle slightly. This movement results from the dust interacting with the molecules in the liquid. What property of the molecules in the liquid causes this effect?

Choices:
A. The molecules briefly form chemical bonds with nearby objects.
B. The molecules are always in random motion.
C. The molecules transfer an electric charge to the dust particles.
D. The molecules frequently change shape.

Answer: B

The molecules are always in random motion.

Question: When observing a very small piece of dust in a liquid under a microscope, the dust appears to jiggle slightly. This movement results from the dust interacting with the molecules in the liquid. What property of the molecules in the liquid causes this effect?
Answer:


Question: Where are the most reactive metals located on the periodic table?

Choices:
A. the uppermost complete row of the table
B. the rows at the bottom of the table connecting two section
C. the column at the far left side of the table
D. the second column from the right side of the table

Answer: C

the column at the far left side of the table

Question: Where are the most reactive metals located on the periodic table?
Answer:


Question: What happens to the path of a light ray as it passes from air into water at an angle?

Choices:
A. Its path widens.
B. Its path bends.
C. Its path becomes shorter.
D. Its path continues in a straight line.

Answer: B

Question: What happens to the path of a light ray as it passes from air into water at an angle?
Answer:


Question: In the late 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek began making observations with simple magnifying lenses that he constructed. To which scientific field is Leeuwenhoek credited with the most contributions?

Choices:
A. plant genetics
B. disease control
C. DNA sequencing
D. microbiology

Answer: D

Question: In the late 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek began making observations with simple magnifying lenses that he constructed. To which scientific field is Leeuwenhoek credited with the most contributions?
Answer:


Question: One important use of coal is to produce energy for homes. Coal can be burned and converted to

Choices:
A. wind energy.
B. nuclear energy.
C. electrical energy.
D. solar energy.

Answer: C

Question: One important use of coal is to produce energy for homes. Coal can be burned and converted to
Answer:


Question: A bird eats a brightly-colored insect that tastes bad. The bird avoids preying on this type of insect again. This example is best described as

Choices:
A. a physical characteristic.
B. a learned behavior.
C. an inherited behavior.
D. an adaptation.

Answer: B

Question: A bird eats a brightly-colored insect that tastes bad. The bird avoids preying on this type of insect again. This example is best described as
Answer:


Question: What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?

Choices:
A. typing results into a computer
B. intuition
C. writing facts in a field notebook
D. observing the deer in their own habitat

Answer: D

Question: What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?
Answer:


Question: Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava sample

Choices:
1. have a lower temperature
2. have less kinetic energy
3. are moving faster
4. are closer together

Answer: 3

Question: Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava sample
Answer:


Question: A light year is used to measure

Choices:
A. time.
B. distance.
C. luminosity.
D. temperature.

Answer: B

Question: A light year is used to measure
Answer:


Question: When you bend your arm at the elbow, the bones and muscles in your arm are acting as a system. What simple machine does this system represent?

Choices:
A. Inclined plane
B. Pulley
C. Wedge
D. Lever

Answer: D

Question: When you bend your arm at the elbow, the bones and muscles in your arm are acting as a system. What simple machine does this system represent?
Answer:


Question: Which of these groups contains only metric measurements?

Choices:
A. inches, grams, ounces
B. inches, pounds, ounces
C. centimeters, grams, milliliters
D. centimeters, pounds, milliliters

Answer: C

Question: Which of these groups contains only metric measurements?
Answer:


Question: In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?

Choices:
A. to perform repetitive tasks
B. to determine the trunk space
C. to demonstrate passenger comfort
D. to perform quality control inspections

Answer: A

Question: In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is a way that everyone can help with conservation efforts?

Choices:
A. camp in the woods
B. use biodegradable materials
C. visit a landfill
D. use disposable plates

Answer: B

Question: Which of the following is a way that everyone can help with conservation efforts?
Answer:


Question: Meiosis is a type of cell division in which germ cells divide to produce haploid cells. Where does meiosis occur?

Choices:
A. brain cells
B. bone cells
C. muscle cells
D. ovary cells

Answer: D

Question: Meiosis is a type of cell division in which germ cells divide to produce haploid cells. Where does meiosis occur?
Answer:


Question: When trees develop leaves in the spring, 10 changes occur on the forest floor. Why does the development of leaves cause changes on the forest floor?

Choices:
A. Rainfall increases.
B. Sunlight is reduced.
C. Wind speed increases.
D. Animal migration is stopped.

Answer: B

Question: When trees develop leaves in the spring, 10 changes occur on the forest floor. Why does the development of leaves cause changes on the forest floor?
Answer:


Question: Using a softball bat to hit a softball is an example of using which simple machine?

Choices:
A. pulley
B. lever
C. inclined plane
D. wheel and axle

Answer: B

Question: Using a softball bat to hit a softball is an example of using which simple machine?
Answer:


Question: Which factor is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase?

Choices:
1. less water
2. fewer predators
3. lack of shelter
4. limited food

Answer: 2

Question: Which factor is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase?
Answer:


Question: Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?

Choices:
A. The Fission Theory and The Coaccretion Theory
B. The Coaccretion Theory and The Capture Theory
C. The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory
D. The Capture Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

Answer: C

The Fission Theory and the Giant Impact Theory

Question: Which two theories of Moon formation propose that much or all of the material comprising the Moon came from Earth?
Answer:


Question: When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun causing the rays of light to hit Earth at large angles, which season occurs?

Choices:
A. winter
B. spring
C. summer
D. fall

Answer: A

Question: When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun causing the rays of light to hit Earth at large angles, which season occurs?
Answer:


Question: Which tools are needed to measure the effects of friction on a block of wood?

Choices:
A. meter stick, spring scale
B. balance, stopwatch
C. balance, meter stick
D. meter stick, stopwatch

Answer: A

Question: Which tools are needed to measure the effects of friction on a block of wood?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following planets is always closer to the Sun than it is to Earth?

Choices:
A. Jupiter
B. Mercury
C. Saturn
D. Uranus

Answer: B

Question: Which of the following planets is always closer to the Sun than it is to Earth?
Answer:


Question: The tops of some mountains are sharp and pointed, while the tops of others are smooth and rounded. This difference was most likely caused by

Choices:
A. rivers flooding along a coastal plain.
B. erosion and weathering.
C. earthquakes and waves.
D. rocks melted underground by lava.

Answer: B

Question: The tops of some mountains are sharp and pointed, while the tops of others are smooth and rounded. This difference was most likely caused by
Answer:


Question: A group of the same species of fish swim together to increase an individual's

Choices:
A. swimming speed.
B. body temperature.
C. chance of survival.
D. visibility to predators.

Answer: C

Question: A group of the same species of fish swim together to increase an individual's
Answer:


Question: Which statement describes a characteristic of a gas that has a significant effect on the climates of both Earth and Venus?

Choices:
A. Nitrogen is chemically inert.
B. Sodium vapor reflects solar energy.
C. Carbon dioxide traps solar energy.
D. Argon is unable to react with water.

Answer: C

Question: Which statement describes a characteristic of a gas that has a significant effect on the climates of both Earth and Venus?
Answer:


Question: Part of a student's experiment is to measure changes in wind speed several hours before a storm. What piece of equipment should the student use?

Choices:
A. barometer
B. hygrometer
C. anemometer
D. weather vane

Answer: C

Question: Part of a student's experiment is to measure changes in wind speed several hours before a storm. What piece of equipment should the student use?
Answer:


Question: Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?

Choices:
A. Their shapes stay the same in any container.
B. Their shapes change when they are in different containers.
C. Their volumes stay the same in any container.
D. Their volumes change when they are in different containers.

Answer: B

Their shapes change when they are in different containers.

Question: Which statement correctly describes both gases and liquids?
Answer:


Question: In their science classroom, Sam and Julia cross a heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plant with a homozygous short (tt) pea plant. What ratio represents the results Sam and Julia can expect?

Choices:
A. 1 tall plant to 3 short plants
B. 2 tall plants to 2 short plants
C. 3 tall plants to 1 short plant
D. 4 tall plants to 0 short plants

Answer: B

Question: In their science classroom, Sam and Julia cross a heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plant with a homozygous short (tt) pea plant. What ratio represents the results Sam and Julia can expect?
Answer:


Question: Which factor is responsible for the presence of equatorial deserts?

Choices:
A. global warming
B. asteroid impacts
C. tilt of the Earth's axis
D. the solar activity cycle

Answer: C

Question: Which factor is responsible for the presence of equatorial deserts?
Answer:


Question: What is the primary reason for breaking down food molecules?

Choices:
A. to absorb water into a cell
B. to provide energy for a cell
C. to remove wastes from a cell
D. to store materials in a cell

Answer: B

Question: What is the primary reason for breaking down food molecules?
Answer:


Question: What characteristic of carbon [C] makes it essential to living organisms?

Choices:
A. Carbon forms crystal structures under certain conditions.
B. Carbon can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas.
C. Carbon bonds in many ways with itself to form chains.
D. Carbon exists in radioactive forms.

Answer: C

Carbon bonds in many ways with itself to form chains.

Question: What characteristic of carbon [C] makes it essential to living organisms?
Answer:


Question: Kurt drinks frozen fruit juice from a small cup. He measures the amount of fruit juice in the cup. Which property is Kurt measuring?

Choices:
A. density
B. height
C. temperature
D. volume

Answer: D

Question: Kurt drinks frozen fruit juice from a small cup. He measures the amount of fruit juice in the cup. Which property is Kurt measuring?
Answer:


Question: Ethanol is a type of alcohol made from plants. Sugarcane and corn, which are both used in foods such as cereals and breads, are used to make ethanol. Burning ethanol provides a clean source of energy because the products of ethanol are water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, mixing ethanol with gasoline reduces harmful waste products. In the 1970s, many Brazilians drove cars with engines that used an ethanol gasoline mixture. This alternative fuel conserved the limited supply of gasoline available at that time. In the 1990s, gasoline became cheaper than ethanol, and Brazilians returned to driving more gasoline-fueled cars. Recently, Brazilians started driving more cars that use an ethanol-gasoline mixture. Ethanol is a good alternative fuel because it

Choices:
A. reduces air pollution
B. increases biodiversity
C. reduces sound pollution
D. increases ozone emissions

Answer: A

Question: Ethanol is a type of alcohol made from plants. Sugarcane and corn, which are both used in foods such as cereals and breads, are used to make ethanol. Burning ethanol provides a clean source of energy because the products of ethanol are water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, mixing ethanol with gasoline reduces harmful waste products. In the 1970s, many Brazilians drove cars with engines that used an ethanol gasoline mixture. This alternative fuel conserved the limited supply of gasoline available at that time. In the 1990s, gasoline became cheaper than ethanol, and Brazilians returned to driving more gasoline-fueled cars. Recently, Brazilians started driving more cars that use an ethanol-gasoline mixture. Ethanol is a good alternative fuel because it
Answer:


Question: A wetland was drained to build a mall. Two years later, there were no more toads in that area. Why did the toads disappear?

Choices:
A. The toads were destroyed by the construction equipment.
B. The toads died because toads cannot breathe out of water.
C. The toads were frightened and went into the woods.
D. The toads go their food from the wetland ecosystem.

Answer: D

The toads go their food from the wetland ecosystem.

Question: A wetland was drained to build a mall. Two years later, there were no more toads in that area. Why did the toads disappear?
Answer:


Question: Which characteristic would best help a rabbit survive in snow?

Choices:
A. short legs
B. dim eyesight
C. thick, white fur
D. slow movement

Answer: C

Question: Which characteristic would best help a rabbit survive in snow?
Answer:


Question: During a walk in the woods, Mandy finds a plant structure that had fallen onto the trail. Mandy can tell the object contained seeds, and thinks it came from a flowering plant instead of a conifer. How can she determine if the object came from a flowering plant?

Choices:
A. by looking for seed coats on the seeds
B. by looking for wing-like structures on the seeds
C. by looking for fruit tissue around the seeds
D. by looking for young sporophytes inside the seeds

Answer: C

by looking for fruit tissue around the seeds

Question: During a walk in the woods, Mandy finds a plant structure that had fallen onto the trail. Mandy can tell the object contained seeds, and thinks it came from a flowering plant instead of a conifer. How can she determine if the object came from a flowering plant?
Answer:


Question: Elizabeth uses a specific type of whistle to call her dogs. The noise made by the whistle is heard by the dogs but cannot be heard by the human ear. Which statement best describes why humans cannot hear the sound made by the whistle?

Choices:
A. The speed of the sound is too fast.
B. The amplitude of the sound is too low.
C. The frequency of the sound is too high.
D. The wavelength of the sound is too long.

Answer: C

Question: Elizabeth uses a specific type of whistle to call her dogs. The noise made by the whistle is heard by the dogs but cannot be heard by the human ear. Which statement best describes why humans cannot hear the sound made by the whistle?
Answer:


Question: Which concept was most likely modified due to the invention of the microscope?

Choices:
A. size of subatomic particles
B. composition of living things
C. number of the moons of Jupiter
D. formation of sedimentary rocks

Answer: B

Question: Which concept was most likely modified due to the invention of the microscope?
Answer:


Question: When trees are removed from a tropical rain forest, other plants and animals are affected. Which statement identifies another change that will most likely occur when a rain forest habitat is destroyed?

Choices:
A. Oxygen levels will increase.
B. Carbon dioxide levels will increase.
C. The temperature of Earth will decrease.
D. The air pollution in the atmosphere will decrease.

Answer: B

Question: When trees are removed from a tropical rain forest, other plants and animals are affected. Which statement identifies another change that will most likely occur when a rain forest habitat is destroyed?
Answer:


Question: A student observes different characteristics of a rock. Which observation best describes a fact about the rock?

Choices:
A. It has a nice surface.
B. It has an interesting shape.
C. It is made of several layers.
D. It feels warm when touched.

Answer: C

Question: A student observes different characteristics of a rock. Which observation best describes a fact about the rock?
Answer:


Question: A scientist finds a plant and states that it is a new species. Which is the best way to verify that it is a new species?

Choices:
A. develop a theory about the plant
B. compare the plant to other plants
C. observe the plant with a microscope
D. determine the best growing conditions for the plant

Answer: B

Question: A scientist finds a plant and states that it is a new species. Which is the best way to verify that it is a new species?
Answer:


Question: In the human body, the circulatory system works with the respiratory system by

Choices:
A. producing red blood cells.
B. transporting oxygen to organs.
C. providing nutrients to muscles.
D. controlling the movement of the lungs.

Answer: B

Question: In the human body, the circulatory system works with the respiratory system by
Answer:


Question: What safety procedure should a student follow when a thermometer is broken during a lab experiment?

Choices:
A. tell the teacher immediately
B. stop the experiment immediately
C. sweep the glass into a biohazard container
D. use a paper towel to pick up the pieces

Answer: A

Question: What safety procedure should a student follow when a thermometer is broken during a lab experiment?
Answer:


Question: On January 15th, there were 10 hours and 24 minutes of daylight in Jacksonville, Florida. On the same day, there were only 9 hours and 37 minutes of daylight in New York City. Why did New York have fewer hours of daylight than Florida?

Choices:
A. because Earth rotates
B. because Earth tilts on its axis
C. because gravity pulls Earth toward the Sun
D. because the Moon reflects sunlight onto Earth

Answer: B

Question: On January 15th, there were 10 hours and 24 minutes of daylight in Jacksonville, Florida. On the same day, there were only 9 hours and 37 minutes of daylight in New York City. Why did New York have fewer hours of daylight than Florida?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following elements is best able to combine with itself and hydrogen [H] to form large molecules?

Choices:
A. sodium [Na]
B. lithium [Li]
C. sulfur [S]
D. carbon [C]

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following elements is best able to combine with itself and hydrogen [H] to form large molecules?
Answer:


Question: If your hands are cold, you can warm them by rubbing them together. The heat energy that you produce is caused by

Choices:
A. insulation.
B. magnetism.
C. friction.
D. conduction.

Answer: C

Question: If your hands are cold, you can warm them by rubbing them together. The heat energy that you produce is caused by
Answer:


Question: Silica sand is a resource used in large volume in Nevada. This resource is used to make which product?

Choices:
A. tar
B. glass
C. plastic
D. electricity

Answer: B

Question: Silica sand is a resource used in large volume in Nevada. This resource is used to make which product?
Answer:


Question: The complex, three-dimensional structure of a protein is sensitive to heat because the structure is maintained by

Choices:
A. hydrogen bonds.
B. covalent bonds.
C. Brownian motion.
D. magnetic fields.

Answer: A

Question: The complex, three-dimensional structure of a protein is sensitive to heat because the structure is maintained by
Answer:


Question: A student wants to estimate the number of dandelion plants growing in a field. He counts the number of plants in a 5 square meter section of the field. What other information should he obtain to make his estimate?

Choices:
A. the total area of the field
B. average rainfall in the area
C. all the organisms living in the field
D. energy and nutrient requirements of dandelions

Answer: A

Question: A student wants to estimate the number of dandelion plants growing in a field. He counts the number of plants in a 5 square meter section of the field. What other information should he obtain to make his estimate?
Answer:


Question: A metal pan will heat up quickly when placed over a gas or electric burner. The metal pan is a good

Choices:
A. resistor.
B. insulator.
C. conductor.
D. accelerator.

Answer: C

Question: A metal pan will heat up quickly when placed over a gas or electric burner. The metal pan is a good
Answer:


Question: Why are diseases transmitted through the bites of infected animals not considered contagious diseases?

Choices:
A. The infected animals do not show symptoms.
B. The person in direct contact is the only one infected.
C. Humans do not become sick from animal diseases.
D. The diseases are treatable with antibiotics.

Answer: B

The person in direct contact is the only one infected.

Question: Why are diseases transmitted through the bites of infected animals not considered contagious diseases?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following lists units of length from smallest to largest?

Choices:
A. light-year, astronomical unit, kilometer, angstrom
B. angstrom, kilometer, astronomical unit, light-year
C. astronomical unit, angstrom, kilometer, light-year
D. kilometer, angstrom, light-year, astronomical unit

Answer: B

angstrom, kilometer, astronomical unit, light-year

Question: Which of the following lists units of length from smallest to largest?
Answer:


Question: About how long is a lunar cycle?

Choices:
A. 1 day
B. 1 week
C. 28 days
D. 52 weeks

Answer: C

Question: About how long is a lunar cycle?
Answer:


Question: A unicellular organism is best described as being

Choices:
A. a complex organism.
B. a microorganism.
C. an organism with specialized cells.
D. an organism with different types of tissues.

Answer: B

Question: A unicellular organism is best described as being
Answer:


Question: Which process converts organic nitrogen into an inorganic form that can be used by plants?

Choices:
A. decomposition
B. sedimentation
C. absorption
D. radiation

Answer: A

Question: Which process converts organic nitrogen into an inorganic form that can be used by plants?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following statements best describes a result of using interchangeable parts to manufacture automobiles?

Choices:
A. The automobiles are identical.
B. The automobiles wear out quickly.
C. The automobiles are difficult to design.
D. The automobiles can be produced on an assembly line.

Answer: D

The automobiles can be produced on an assembly line.

Question: Which of the following statements best describes a result of using interchangeable parts to manufacture automobiles?
Answer:


Question: Animal wastes contain bacteria that make organisms sick. These wastes are often washed into water supplies by storms. How might a pet owner prevent these bacteria from polluting water supplies?

Choices:
A. Brush the pet daily to remove bacteria.
B. Feed pets food that produces less waste.
C. Bag the pet waste and throw it in the trash.
D. Wash the pet with shampoo to kill the bacteria.

Answer: C

Bag the pet waste and throw it in the trash.

Question: Animal wastes contain bacteria that make organisms sick. These wastes are often washed into water supplies by storms. How might a pet owner prevent these bacteria from polluting water supplies?
Answer:


Question: A student wants to create a drawing of the water cycle. Which image can the student use to represent water cycling through the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. a cloud
B. a stream
C. a frozen lake
D. a drop of dew

Answer: A

Question: A student wants to create a drawing of the water cycle. Which image can the student use to represent water cycling through the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: Which tool is best used to observe a soil sample?

Choices:
A. camera
B. compass
C. hand lens
D. telescope

Answer: C

Question: Which tool is best used to observe a soil sample?
Answer:


Question: Scientists use different tools during their investigations. What tool does a scientist use to study cells?

Choices:
A. a balance
B. a microscope
C. a centimeter ruler
D. a graduated cylinder

Answer: B

Question: Scientists use different tools during their investigations. What tool does a scientist use to study cells?
Answer:


Question: Cancer is most often the result of

Choices:
1. abnormal cell division
2. natural selection
3. bacterial infection
4. biological adaptation

Answer: 1

Question: Cancer is most often the result of
Answer:


Question: A scientist crosses two different varieties of corn to produce a single variety that has traits from both parents. This technique is an example of

Choices:
1. competition
2. natural selection
3. selective breeding
4. ecological succession

Answer: 3

Question: A scientist crosses two different varieties of corn to produce a single variety that has traits from both parents. This technique is an example of
Answer:


Question: The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers causes runoff that increases the nitrogen content of lakes and bays. These nitrogen compounds directly affect the aquatic ecosystems by

Choices:
A. interfering with the water cycle.
B. decreasing the predator population.
C. increasing the rate of algae growth.
D. causing aquatic animals to grow larger.

Answer: C

Question: The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers causes runoff that increases the nitrogen content of lakes and bays. These nitrogen compounds directly affect the aquatic ecosystems by
Answer:


Question: A student viewing a cell with a microscope observes a cell wall, a cell membrane, and a nucleus. The presence of these structures indicates that the student is looking at a cell from a

Choices:
1. rabbit
2. carrot
3. worm
4. fly

Answer: 2

Question: A student viewing a cell with a microscope observes a cell wall, a cell membrane, and a nucleus. The presence of these structures indicates that the student is looking at a cell from a
Answer:


Question: Some classrooms have computers. The computer is most useful to the students because it helps them

Choices:
A. play games.
B. watch movies.
C. listen to music.
D. find information.

Answer: D

Question: Some classrooms have computers. The computer is most useful to the students because it helps them
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is the starting point for a new scientific investigation?

Choices:
A. identifying experimental variables
B. forming a question that is the basis of a hypothesis
C. conducting repeated trials and graphing the data
D. writing out a procedure and collecting the needed equipment

Answer: B

forming a question that is the basis of a hypothesis

Question: Which of the following is the starting point for a new scientific investigation?
Answer:


Question: In an experiment studying phototropism, students grew bean plants in labeled cardboard milk cartons. Afterward, the plants and soil were properly discarded. Which instruction line BEST conserves the remaining resources?

Choices:
A. recycle the markers, reuse the milk cartons
B. reuse the markers, discard the milk cartons
C. discard the markers, reuse the milk cartons
D. reuse the markers, recycle the milk cartons

Answer: D

reuse the markers, recycle the milk cartons

Question: In an experiment studying phototropism, students grew bean plants in labeled cardboard milk cartons. Afterward, the plants and soil were properly discarded. Which instruction line BEST conserves the remaining resources?
Answer:


Question: In 2001, NASA launched a probe to investigate very low-energy radiation emitted when the universe began. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this probe observe and record?

Choices:
A. infrared
B. microwave
C. ultraviolet
D. visible

Answer: B

Question: In 2001, NASA launched a probe to investigate very low-energy radiation emitted when the universe began. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this probe observe and record?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is MOST likely made from only one material?

Choices:
A. A pencil
B. A bicycle
C. A paper clip
D. A pair of shoes

Answer: C

Question: Which of these is MOST likely made from only one material?
Answer:


Question: Which was a main force driving extensive speciation when the environment became hospitable to life after the Permian mass extinction?

Choices:
A. increase in available ecological niches
B. increase of atmospheric oxygen to present levels
C. increase in genetic diversity among surviving organisms
D. increase in interbreeding between organisms of different species

Answer: A

Question: Which was a main force driving extensive speciation when the environment became hospitable to life after the Permian mass extinction?
Answer:


Question: Use the information below to answer the question. Manufacturing uses many steps to change natural resources into products. Some of these steps change natural resources into industrial materials. These steps are called primary processes. All of the following are primary processes except

Choices:
A. melting iron ore.
B. producing lumber.
C. molding plastic.
D. crushing rock into gravel.

Answer: C

Question: Use the information below to answer the question. Manufacturing uses many steps to change natural resources into products. Some of these steps change natural resources into industrial materials. These steps are called primary processes. All of the following are primary processes except
Answer:


Question: Look at the equation. 2H_{2} + O_{2} -> 2H_{2}O What does the equation show?

Choices:
A. heat being added to oxygen
B. helium mixing with oxygen
C. heat combining with oxygen
D. hydrogen and oxygen combining

Answer: D

Question: Look at the equation. 2H_{2} + O_{2} -> 2H_{2}O What does the equation show?
Answer:


Question: Which of these materials transfers heat energy quickest?

Choices:
A. metal
B. glass
C. plastic
D. wood

Answer: A

Question: Which of these materials transfers heat energy quickest?
Answer:


Question: The average temperature of Earth's surface has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which of the following can best explain this increase in temperature?

Choices:
A. higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
B. lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
C. higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
D. lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere

Answer: C

higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Question: The average temperature of Earth's surface has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which of the following can best explain this increase in temperature?
Answer:


Question: Which characteristic best identifies a pure substance?

Choices:
A. shape
B. texture
C. melting point
D. state of matter

Answer: C

Question: Which characteristic best identifies a pure substance?
Answer:


Question: When conducting a scientific experiment in the field, you are expected to

Choices:
A. completely clear the area.
B. leave the area as you found it.
C. take anything you may need later.
D. destroy specimens once you have observed them.

Answer: B

Question: When conducting a scientific experiment in the field, you are expected to
Answer:


Question: A student is given a mixture of gravel and sand and instructed to separate them. Which tool should the student use to best complete this task?

Choices:
A. a scale and weights
B. a magnet
C. a sieve
D. a battery and wire

Answer: C

Question: A student is given a mixture of gravel and sand and instructed to separate them. Which tool should the student use to best complete this task?
Answer:


Question: What is the relationship between an ecosystem and a community?

Choices:
A. A community is a very large ecosystem.
B. An ecosystem is a very large community.
C. An ecosystem includes a community and abiotic factors.
D. A community includes an ecosystem and abiotic factors.

Answer: C

An ecosystem includes a community and abiotic factors.

Question: What is the relationship between an ecosystem and a community?
Answer:


Question: Which sequence shows the life cycle of some insects?

Choices:
A. adult -> pupa -> larva -> egg
B. egg -> pupa -> larva -> adult
C. larva -> pupa -> egg -> adult
D. egg -> larva -> pupa -> adult

Answer: D

Question: Which sequence shows the life cycle of some insects?
Answer:


Question: The thin layer of rock on Earth's surface is the

Choices:
1. atmosphere
2. hemisphere
3. hydrosphere
4. lithosphere

Answer: 4

Question: The thin layer of rock on Earth's surface is the
Answer:


Question: A car and a truck are traveling at the same rate of speed. The vehicles approach a stop sign. Which statement best explains why the car stops in a shorter distance than the truck?

Choices:
A. The car has a larger mass requiring less force to stop.
B. The car has a smaller mass requiring more force to stop.
C. The truck has a smaller mass requiring less force to stop.
D. The truck has a larger mass requiring more force to stop.

Answer: D

The truck has a larger mass requiring more force to stop.

Question: A car and a truck are traveling at the same rate of speed. The vehicles approach a stop sign. Which statement best explains why the car stops in a shorter distance than the truck?
Answer:


Question: Which form of energy is required for a television set to work?

Choices:
A. electrical
B. heat
C. light
D. solar

Answer: A

Question: Which form of energy is required for a television set to work?
Answer:


Question: When buying a sunscreen, which is the best question to keep in mind while reading the label for maximum effectiveness?

Choices:
A. What is the cost per ounce?
B. Who is the manufacturer?
C. Is the product waterproof?
D. How much protection does it provide?

Answer: D

Question: When buying a sunscreen, which is the best question to keep in mind while reading the label for maximum effectiveness?
Answer:


Question: James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals?

Choices:
A. Plants release oxygen.
B. Plants absorb sunlight.
C. Plants produce heat energy.
D. Plants make carbon dioxide.

Answer: A

Question: James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals?
Answer:


Question: The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of

Choices:
A. nitrogen.
B. water vapor.
C. ozone.
D. carbon monoxide.

Answer: C

Question: The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of
Answer:


Question: What do birds, bats and butterflies have in common?

Choices:
A. feathers
B. hair
C. internal skeleton
D. wings

Answer: D

Question: What do birds, bats and butterflies have in common?
Answer:


Question: Appearance, texture, and density are classified as

Choices:
A. physical properties.
B. chemical properties.
C. magnetic properties.
D. thermal properties.

Answer: A

Question: Appearance, texture, and density are classified as
Answer:


Question: Which process below uses carbon dioxide and the sun's radiant energy to produce chemical energy?

Choices:
A. Evaporation
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Decomposition

Answer: B

Question: Which process below uses carbon dioxide and the sun's radiant energy to produce chemical energy?
Answer:


Question: What is the smallest particle of an element that still exhibits all the properties of that element?

Choices:
A. an electron
B. an atom
C. a molecule
D. a proton

Answer: B

Question: What is the smallest particle of an element that still exhibits all the properties of that element?
Answer:


Question: Pond ecosystems depend on the water cycle to ensure the survival of the animals that live in or near the pond. If a drought reduces the water level, which population of animals would be most affected?

Choices:
A. duck
B. fish
C. mouse
D. snake

Answer: B

Question: Pond ecosystems depend on the water cycle to ensure the survival of the animals that live in or near the pond. If a drought reduces the water level, which population of animals would be most affected?
Answer:


Question: All living organisms have certain needs in order to stay alive. Which is most necessary for both plants and animals?

Choices:
A. food
B. water
C. chlorophyll
D. carbon dioxide

Answer: B

Question: All living organisms have certain needs in order to stay alive. Which is most necessary for both plants and animals?
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is influenced by both genetics and behavior?

Choices:
A. eye color
B. hair texture
C. blood type
D. body weight

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following is influenced by both genetics and behavior?
Answer:


Question: Students performing a scientific investigation are most likely trying to

Choices:
A. produce a new theory.
B. disprove a hypothesis.
C. reject a conclusion.
D. answer a question.

Answer: D

Question: Students performing a scientific investigation are most likely trying to
Answer:


Question: Maria Mitchell discovered a comet in 1847 that was later named after her. Maria Mitchell's discovery contributed to which branch of science?

Choices:
A. biology
B. chemistry
C. geology
D. astronomy

Answer: D

Question: Maria Mitchell discovered a comet in 1847 that was later named after her. Maria Mitchell's discovery contributed to which branch of science?
Answer:


Question: Which of these describes rotation?

Choices:
A. Mercury goes around the Sun every 88 days.
B. The Moon goes around Earth every 28 days.
C. Earth orbits the Sun about every 365 days.
D. Earth makes one turn on its axis every 24 hours.

Answer: D

Earth makes one turn on its axis every 24 hours.

Question: Which of these describes rotation?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is most likely an effect of releasing carbon dioxide pollution into the atmosphere?

Choices:
A. a reduction in the ozone layer
B. a reduction in photosynthesis
C. an increase in radioactive wastes
D. an increase in the greenhouse effect

Answer: D

Question: Which of these is most likely an effect of releasing carbon dioxide pollution into the atmosphere?
Answer:


Question: A force of 5 N is required to increase the speed of a box from a rate of 1.0 m/s to 3.0 m/s within 5 s along a level surface. What change would most likely require additional force to produce the same results?

Choices:
A. reduce the mass of the box
B. increase the mass of the box
C. make the surfaces of the box smooth
D. make the surface of the floor smooth

Answer: B

Question: A force of 5 N is required to increase the speed of a box from a rate of 1.0 m/s to 3.0 m/s within 5 s along a level surface. What change would most likely require additional force to produce the same results?
Answer:


Question: A student pours water into a cup and places the cup in a freezer. After many hours, the water will change from

Choices:
A. solid to gas
B. solid to liquid
C. liquid to solid
D. liquid to gas

Answer: C

Question: A student pours water into a cup and places the cup in a freezer. After many hours, the water will change from
Answer:


Question: During a collision, a seat belt slows the speed of a crash dummy. What is the direction of the net force exerted by the seat belt compared to the direction of the crash dummy's motion?

Choices:
A. in the same direction
B. in a vertical direction
C. in a downward direction
D. in the opposite direction

Answer: D

Question: During a collision, a seat belt slows the speed of a crash dummy. What is the direction of the net force exerted by the seat belt compared to the direction of the crash dummy's motion?
Answer:


Question: What causes an object to fall to the ground when you let it drop from your hand?

Choices:
A. magnetism
B. gravity
C. air resistance
D. the push from your hand

Answer: B

Question: What causes an object to fall to the ground when you let it drop from your hand?
Answer:


Question: What is the function of hollow bones in birds?

Choices:
A. to streamline birds for efficient flight
B. to reduce the weight of birds for flight
C. to store oxygen for high-altitude flight
D. to make bones strong enough for flight

Answer: B

to reduce the weight of birds for flight

Question: What is the function of hollow bones in birds?
Answer:


Question: One student rubs a balloon against his hair several times. Another student passes a comb through her hair several times. The students place the comb near the balloon and observe that the comb repels the balloon. Which is the most likely reason the comb is able to repel the balloon?

Choices:
A. The balloon has a positive charge and the comb is neutral.
B. The balloon and the comb have the same electrical charge.
C. The balloon has a negative charge and the comb is neutral.
D. The balloon and the comb have opposite electrical charges.

Answer: B

The balloon and the comb have the same electrical charge.

Question: One student rubs a balloon against his hair several times. Another student passes a comb through her hair several times. The students place the comb near the balloon and observe that the comb repels the balloon. Which is the most likely reason the comb is able to repel the balloon?
Answer:


Question: A "shooting star" is

Choices:
A. a comet.
B. a meteor.
C. an asteroid.
D. a small star.

Answer: B


Question: In some lakes, excessive blooms of algae appear when human activity causes degradation of water quality resulting in conditions more favorable for algae growth. Which human activity primarily causes this problem?

Choices:
A. mining
B. farming
C. transportation
D. manufacturing

Answer: B

Question: In some lakes, excessive blooms of algae appear when human activity causes degradation of water quality resulting in conditions more favorable for algae growth. Which human activity primarily causes this problem?
Answer:


Question: Which is the most important safety measure to follow when using an acid in a classroom laboratory?

Choices:
A. wearing protective clothing and goggles
B. keeping the window open
C. closing the door to the hall
D. using bright fluorescent lights

Answer: A

Question: Which is the most important safety measure to follow when using an acid in a classroom laboratory?
Answer:


Question: Many natural resources are found in Maryland and the surrounding area. Some of these natural resources are renewable and some are nonrenewable. People use both kinds of resources in daily activities. Using natural resources often produces waste products. Burning fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and gasoline produces pollution. Which type of pollution is most often produced by burning fossil fuels?

Choices:
A. air pollution
B. land pollution
C. noise pollution
D. water pollution

Answer: A

Question: Many natural resources are found in Maryland and the surrounding area. Some of these natural resources are renewable and some are nonrenewable. People use both kinds of resources in daily activities. Using natural resources often produces waste products. Burning fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and gasoline produces pollution. Which type of pollution is most often produced by burning fossil fuels?
Answer:


Question: When visiting the beach, Felicity observed that a breeze blew in from the ocean during the day and out toward the ocean at night. Which factor is most responsible for the direction of land and sea breezes in coastal regions?

Choices:
A. the revolution of Earth around the Sun
B. the uneven heating between the land and water
C. the gravitational pull of Earth on the atmosphere
D. the daily rise and fall of tides in a regular pattern

Answer: B

the uneven heating between the land and water

Question: When visiting the beach, Felicity observed that a breeze blew in from the ocean during the day and out toward the ocean at night. Which factor is most responsible for the direction of land and sea breezes in coastal regions?
Answer:


Question: If an ecosystem's balance is disturbed by a volcanic eruption, what will most likely occur?

Choices:
1. The ecosystem will not change from its original state.
2. The ecosystem will eventually become balanced again.
3. The consumers in the ecosystem will begin to consume carbon dioxide.
4. The consumers in the ecosystem will begin to produce more oxygen.

Answer: 2

The ecosystem will eventually become balanced again.

Question: If an ecosystem's balance is disturbed by a volcanic eruption, what will most likely occur?
Answer:


Question: A scientist observed that the loss of plants near a stream resulted in more soil being washed downstream. How will the excess soil that travels downstream reduce biodiversity?

Choices:
A. It will destroy the fish habitat.
B. It will provide nutrients to algae.
C. It will change the water temperature.
D. It will introduce an invasive species.

Answer: A

Question: A scientist observed that the loss of plants near a stream resulted in more soil being washed downstream. How will the excess soil that travels downstream reduce biodiversity?
Answer:


Question: Which would be the most important to consider when selecting material for the walls and ceiling of a concert hall?

Choices:
A. chemical properties
B. mechanical properties
C. thermal properties
D. acoustical properties

Answer: D

Question: Which would be the most important to consider when selecting material for the walls and ceiling of a concert hall?
Answer:


Question: A black bear eats many different things, including grasses, roots, and berries. It also eats insects, fish, and other small animals. Which of these BEST describes a black bear?

Choices:
A. Omnivore
B. Carnivore
C. Herbivore
D. Producer

Answer: A

Question: A black bear eats many different things, including grasses, roots, and berries. It also eats insects, fish, and other small animals. Which of these BEST describes a black bear?
Answer:


Question: Wood is considered a renewable resource because

Choices:
A. oxygen is released by trees.
B. trees can be replanted.
C. there are many varieties of trees.
D. trees are used for many purposes.

Answer: B

Question: Wood is considered a renewable resource because
Answer:


Question: Which two properties of a crayon will stay about the same after the crayon is melted?

Choices:
A. Shape and physical state
B. Temperature and hardness
C. Color and mass
D. Thickness and texture

Answer: C

Question: Which two properties of a crayon will stay about the same after the crayon is melted?
Answer:


Question: Which phenomena occur as a result of the gravitational attraction between the moon and Earth?

Choices:
A. eclipses
B. ocean tides
C. seasonal changes
D. phases of the moon

Answer: B

Question: Which phenomena occur as a result of the gravitational attraction between the moon and Earth?
Answer:


Question: After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long?

Choices:
A. Space is limited for growth.
B. The quality of light is low.
C. Soil must be created.
D. Minerals are destroyed.

Answer: C

Question: After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long?
Answer:


Question: A 20-N force acts on a 5-kg object at rest. How fast will the object accelerate on a frictionless surface?

Choices:
A. 4 m/s^2
B. 15 m/s^2
C. 25 m/s^2
D. 100 m/s^2

Answer: A

Question: A 20-N force acts on a 5-kg object at rest. How fast will the object accelerate on a frictionless surface?
Answer:


Question: Which physical feature exists both on Earth and on the Moon?

Choices:
A. lakes
B. forests
C. mountains
D. clouds

Answer: C

Question: Which physical feature exists both on Earth and on the Moon?
Answer:


Question: All atoms of an element have in their nuclei the same number of

Choices:
A. electrons.
B. isotopes.
C. molecules.
D. protons.

Answer: D

Question: All atoms of an element have in their nuclei the same number of
Answer:


Question: A dog rolls over and receives a treat. The dog rolls over again. This is an example of

Choices:
A. learned behavior.
B. adaptive behavior.
C. inherited behavior.
D. instinctive behavior.

Answer: A

Question: A dog rolls over and receives a treat. The dog rolls over again. This is an example of
Answer:


Question: When a fern reproduces with spores, the offspring

Choices:
A. will be genetically identical to the parent plant.
B. will be better able to adapt to the environment.
C. will have half the genetic materials of the parent plant.
D. will have twice the genetic materials of the parent plant.

Answer: A

will be genetically identical to the parent plant.

Question: When a fern reproduces with spores, the offspring
Answer:


Question: All living things contain which element?

Choices:
A. helium.
B. sodium.
C. copper.
D. carbon.

Answer: D

Question: All living things contain which element?
Answer:


Question: Apple slices were divided evenly between two identical metal boxes. A lighted 20-watt incandescent light bulb was placed in box A, and a lighted 20-watt fluorescent light was placed in box B. The apple slices in box A dried faster than those in box B because

Choices:
A. fluorescent light is a luminous light.
B. incandescent light produces more heat.
C. fluorescent light has a lower frequency.
D. incandescent light causes a chemical reaction.

Answer: B

Question: Apple slices were divided evenly between two identical metal boxes. A lighted 20-watt incandescent light bulb was placed in box A, and a lighted 20-watt fluorescent light was placed in box B. The apple slices in box A dried faster than those in box B because
Answer:


Question: How is the mass of an atom calculated?

Choices:
A. add the number of protons to the number of electrons
B. add the number of protons to the number of neutrons
C. subtract the number of protons from the number of neutrons
D. subtract the number of electrons from the sum of protons and neutrons

Answer: B

add the number of protons to the number of neutrons

Question: How is the mass of an atom calculated?
Answer:


Question: Which form of water, when present in the atmosphere, is most likely to contribute to global warming?

Choices:
A. cloud
B. rain
C. vapor
D. snow

Answer: C

Question: Which form of water, when present in the atmosphere, is most likely to contribute to global warming?
Answer:


Question: Two galaxies are interacting with each other. What is the force that draws these two galaxies toward each other?

Choices:
A. friction
B. gravity
C. electricity
D. magnetism

Answer: B

Question: Two galaxies are interacting with each other. What is the force that draws these two galaxies toward each other?
Answer:


Question: Which is the best way to help protect the environment?

Choices:
A. wash hands before each meal
B. do a science project about energy
C. ride a bike to school instead of riding in a car
D. pack a lunch instead of buying a school lunch

Answer: C

ride a bike to school instead of riding in a car

Question: Which is the best way to help protect the environment?
Answer:


Question: What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation significantly increased?

Choices:
A. The year would be shorter.
B. The year would be longer.
C. The day would be shorter.
D. The day would be longer.

Answer: C

Question: What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation significantly increased?
Answer:


Question: A student is asked to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling in a classroom. Which unit of measurement should the student most likely use to accurately measure this distance?

Choices:
A. liter
B. kiloliter
C. meter
D. kilometer

Answer: C

Question: A student is asked to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling in a classroom. Which unit of measurement should the student most likely use to accurately measure this distance?
Answer:


Question: In the United States, each day the Sun appears to

Choices:
A. rise in the west and set in the east.
B. rise in the east and set in the west.
C. rise in the north and set in the south.
D. rise in the south and set in the north.

Answer: B

Question: In the United States, each day the Sun appears to
Answer:


Question: Which two processes occur during the life spans of all animals?

Choices:
A. hibernation and migration
B. growth and development
C. changing color and shedding fur
D. building nests and communication

Answer: B

Question: Which two processes occur during the life spans of all animals?
Answer:


Question: Volcanoes are considered constructive because they

Choices:
A. deposit lava.
B. cause erosion.
C. trigger earthquakes.
D. release gases.

Answer: A

Question: Volcanoes are considered constructive because they
Answer:


Question: A plover bird eats bits of food that become stuck in a crocodile's teeth without being hurt. The crocodile gets its teeth cleaned and the bird gets food. Which type of relationship exists between the bird and the crocodile?

Choices:
A. mutualism
B. commensalism
C. parasitism
D. phototropism

Answer: A

Question: A plover bird eats bits of food that become stuck in a crocodile's teeth without being hurt. The crocodile gets its teeth cleaned and the bird gets food. Which type of relationship exists between the bird and the crocodile?
Answer:


Question: A student conducts an experiment to determine the effect soap has on the growth of radish seeds. He puts 30 seeds in three different dishes: one with water, one with a 1% soap solution, and one with a 10% soap solution. Which type of data should he collect?

Choices:
A. size of seeds and amount of solution used
B. time of day and number of seeds germinated
C. type of detergent and amount of solution used
D. number of seeds germinated and average length of shoot

Answer: B

time of day and number of seeds germinated

Question: A student conducts an experiment to determine the effect soap has on the growth of radish seeds. He puts 30 seeds in three different dishes: one with water, one with a 1% soap solution, and one with a 10% soap solution. Which type of data should he collect?
Answer:


Question: In ecosystems where people live, which of the following are most likely to cause an increase in diseases transmitted by water?

Choices:
A. floods
B. blizzards
C. hailstorms
D. avalanches

Answer: A

Question: In ecosystems where people live, which of the following are most likely to cause an increase in diseases transmitted by water?
Answer:


Question: The ocean minimum zone, or OMZ, is an area from 200 to 600 meters below the ocean's surface. The OMZ is dark and cold, with oxygen concentrations less than 10% of concentrations in surface water. Oxygen concentrations are so low because of bacterial activity that breaks down organic material falling from surface waters. Given the conditions in the OMZ, which of these dissolved gases would you expect to find in large concentrations in this zone?

Choices:
A. argon
B. nitrogen
C. carbon dioxide
D. carbon monoxide

Answer: C

Question: The ocean minimum zone, or OMZ, is an area from 200 to 600 meters below the ocean's surface. The OMZ is dark and cold, with oxygen concentrations less than 10% of concentrations in surface water. Oxygen concentrations are so low because of bacterial activity that breaks down organic material falling from surface waters. Given the conditions in the OMZ, which of these dissolved gases would you expect to find in large concentrations in this zone?
Answer:


Question: Five hundred flies of one species were sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four hours later, nearly all the flies were dead. However, a few survived. Which principle best explains why some flies survived?

Choices:
A. Animals adapt to new environments.
B. New species develop from survivors.
C. There is variation among individuals within a species.
D. Insecticides may cause genetic mutations.

Answer: C

There is variation among individuals within a species.

Question: Five hundred flies of one species were sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four hours later, nearly all the flies were dead. However, a few survived. Which principle best explains why some flies survived?
Answer:


Question: Abnormal cell division may result in

Choices:
1. disease prevention
2. tissue repair
3. metamorphosis
4. cancer

Answer: 4

Question: Abnormal cell division may result in
Answer:


Question: Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs?

Choices:
A. They insulate against cold air.
B. They optimize solar heating.
C. They reduce radiant cooling.
D. They act as a windbreak.

Answer: D

Question: Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs?
Answer:


Question: Part of a scientific method involves collecting data in order to

Choices:
A. change a theory.
B. test a hypothesis.
C. write a procedure.
D. make an observation.

Answer: B

Question: Part of a scientific method involves collecting data in order to
Answer:


Question: Which one of these animals does NOT lay eggs?

Choices:
A. chickens
B. dogs
C. frogs
D. turtles

Answer: B

Question: Which one of these animals does NOT lay eggs?
Answer:


Question: Scientists have studied convergent boundaries and the results of the collisions. Besides the fact that mountains occur at these boundaries, which other part of the rock cycle is most likely associated with these areas of convergence?

Choices:
A. development of chemical rocks
B. development of extrusive rocks
C. development of layered rocks
D. development of folded rocks

Answer: D

Question: Scientists have studied convergent boundaries and the results of the collisions. Besides the fact that mountains occur at these boundaries, which other part of the rock cycle is most likely associated with these areas of convergence?
Answer:


Question: Which tool would be most useful for observing the details of an insect's wings?

Choices:
A. thermometer
B. balance
C. hand lens
D. graduated cylinder

Answer: C

Question: Which tool would be most useful for observing the details of an insect's wings?
Answer:


Question: A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used?

Choices:
A. control
B. guidance
C. propulsion
D. suspension

Answer: B

Question: A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used?
Answer:


Question: A main advantage to organisms that reproduce sexually is

Choices:
A. being able to conserve energy.
B. having large numbers of offspring.
C. greater genetic diversity.
D. longer life spans.

Answer: C

Question: A main advantage to organisms that reproduce sexually is
Answer:


Question: How can the rate of an infectious disease be drastically reduced?

Choices:
A. by taking medication daily
B. by preventing transmission between people
C. by wearing clean clothing daily
D. by performing dental hygiene three times each day

Answer: B

by preventing transmission between people

Question: How can the rate of an infectious disease be drastically reduced?
Answer:


Question: A student rubs her hands together on a cold winter day. The heat that warms her hands is produced by

Choices:
A. friction
B. gravity
C. light
D. magnetism

Answer: A

Question: A student rubs her hands together on a cold winter day. The heat that warms her hands is produced by
Answer:


Question: What ALWAYS happens when the nucleotides in a strand of DNA is rearranged?

Choices:
A. The information on the strand changes.
B. The mass of the strand changes.
C. The organism dies.
D. The organism thrives.

Answer: A

Question: What ALWAYS happens when the nucleotides in a strand of DNA is rearranged?
Answer:


Question: A substance that carries sound waves is called

Choices:
A. a fulcrum.
B. a medium.
C. a spectrum.
D. an equilibrium.

Answer: B

Question: A substance that carries sound waves is called
Answer:


Question: At what temperature does water begin to boil?

Choices:
A. 0°C
B. 32°C
C. 100°C
D. 212°C

Answer: C

Question: At what temperature does water begin to boil?
Answer:


Question: Jamal lives in the Northern Hemisphere. Which season is it when the Northern Hemisphere is pointed away from the Sun?

Choices:
A. fall
B. spring
C. summer
D. winter

Answer: D

Question: Jamal lives in the Northern Hemisphere. Which season is it when the Northern Hemisphere is pointed away from the Sun?
Answer:


Question: The vertical axis on a graph is the y-axis. What is most likely placed along the y-axis?

Choices:
A. element symbols
B. negative numbers
C. dependent variables
D. independent variables

Answer: C

Question: The vertical axis on a graph is the y-axis. What is most likely placed along the y-axis?
Answer:


Question: Which safety gear are most important to wear when working near an open flame?

Choices:
A. lab apron and goggles
B. sunglasses and thermal gloves
C. rubber shoes and sunglasses
D. thermal gloves and goggles

Answer: D

Question: Which safety gear are most important to wear when working near an open flame?
Answer:


Question: When manned space exploration began, NASA used the gravity assist concept so that spacecraft could conserve fuel. Which statement explains why the gravity assist concept was useful for spacecraft to successfully travel and return to Earth?

Choices:
A. It gave spacecraft a timed trajectory.
B. It ensured spacecraft would return home safely.
C. It was helpful in planning spacecraft trajectories.
D. It ensured spacecraft would avoid being pulled into the sun.

Answer: C

It was helpful in planning spacecraft trajectories.

Question: When manned space exploration began, NASA used the gravity assist concept so that spacecraft could conserve fuel. Which statement explains why the gravity assist concept was useful for spacecraft to successfully travel and return to Earth?
Answer:


Question: The first person to introduce the idea of the continents moving around the surface of Earth was

Choices:
A. Niels Bohr.
B. Albert Einstein.
C. Charles Darwin.
D. Alfred Wegener.

Answer: D

Question: The first person to introduce the idea of the continents moving around the surface of Earth was
Answer:


Question: Copper wire is often wrapped in plastic. Plastic material is a good

Choices:
A. electromagnet
B. insulator
C. circuit
D. current

Answer: B

Question: Copper wire is often wrapped in plastic. Plastic material is a good
Answer:


Question: There are a variety of events that can disrupt ecosystems. Some events result in local disturbances and others can affect a much larger area. Which event would most likely result in change on a global scale?

Choices:
A. land scarred by forest fires
B. erosion of ocean shorelines
C. converging plate boundaries
D. destruction of tropical rain forests

Answer: D

Question: There are a variety of events that can disrupt ecosystems. Some events result in local disturbances and others can affect a much larger area. Which event would most likely result in change on a global scale?
Answer:


Question: Which is a possible consequence of global warming?

Choices:
A. an increase in the amount of coral reefs
B. a decrease in temperature, causing earlier frosts
C. an increase in the number of heat waves, causing droughts
D. a decrease in temperature, causing shorter growing seasons

Answer: C

an increase in the number of heat waves, causing droughts

Question: Which is a possible consequence of global warming?
Answer:


Question: What direction is the movement of the energy in a food web?

Choices:
A. consumer to producer
B. producer to consumer
C. decomposer to producer
D. decomposer to consumer

Answer: B

Question: What direction is the movement of the energy in a food web?
Answer:


Question: Which of these is a waste product of plant cells?

Choices:
A. minerals
B. oxygen
C. heat
D. water

Answer: B

Question: Which of these is a waste product of plant cells?
Answer:


Question: A reverse fault occurs when one side of a fault plane is driven up over the other side. Reverse faults can cause which of these landforms?

Choices:
A. deltas
B. mountains
C. dunes
D. islands

Answer: B

Question: A reverse fault occurs when one side of a fault plane is driven up over the other side. Reverse faults can cause which of these landforms?
Answer:


Question: Which two terms are used to describe weather?

Choices:
A. wind direction and amount of erosion
B. gravity and amount of rain
C. groundwater and cloud cover
D. air temperature and wind speed

Answer: D

Question: Which two terms are used to describe weather?
Answer:


Question: What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Choices:
A. type of soil used
B. amount of water used
C. length of sunlight exposure
D. growth of the bean plants

Answer: D

Question: What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
Answer:


Question: Which crustal feature forms when two continental plates collide?

Choices:
A. trenches
B. rift zones
C. tidal zones
D. mountain ranges

Answer: D

Question: Which crustal feature forms when two continental plates collide?
Answer: