[["Question: Which of the following is a treaty-based human rights mechanism?\nChoices:\nA. The UN Human Rights Committee\nB. The UN Human Rights Council\nC. The UN Universal Periodic Review\nD. The UN special mandates\nAnswer:", " The UN Human Rights Committee"], ["Question: Which of the following is a treaty-based human rights mechanism?\nChoices:\nA. The UN Human Rights Committee\nB. The UN Human Rights Council\nC. The UN Universal Periodic Review\nD. The UN special mandates\nAnswer:", " The UN Human Rights Council"], ["Question: Which of the following is a treaty-based human rights mechanism?\nChoices:\nA. The UN Human Rights Committee\nB. The UN Human Rights Council\nC. The UN Universal Periodic Review\nD. The UN special mandates\nAnswer:", " The UN Universal Periodic Review"], ["Question: Which of the following is a treaty-based human rights mechanism?\nChoices:\nA. The UN Human Rights Committee\nB. The UN Human Rights Council\nC. The UN Universal Periodic Review\nD. The UN special mandates\nAnswer:", " The UN special mandates"], ["Question: What is the meaning of cultural relativism?\nChoices:\nA. Culture relativism posits that human rights apply equally to all without restrictions\nB. Culture relativism posits that human rights have a cultural origin\nC. Cultural relativism posits that the application of human rights is relative to the laws in each nation\nD. Cultural relativism posits that local culture should validate the existence and practice of all human rights\nAnswer:", " Culture relativism posits that human rights apply equally to all without restrictions"], ["Question: What is the meaning of cultural relativism?\nChoices:\nA. Culture relativism posits that human rights apply equally to all without restrictions\nB. Culture relativism posits that human rights have a cultural origin\nC. Cultural relativism posits that the application of human rights is relative to the laws in each nation\nD. Cultural relativism posits that local culture should validate the existence and practice of all human rights\nAnswer:", " Culture relativism posits that human rights have a cultural origin"], ["Question: What is the meaning of cultural relativism?\nChoices:\nA. Culture relativism posits that human rights apply equally to all without restrictions\nB. Culture relativism posits that human rights have a cultural origin\nC. Cultural relativism posits that the application of human rights is relative to the laws in each nation\nD. Cultural relativism posits that local culture should validate the existence and practice of all human rights\nAnswer:", " Cultural relativism posits that the application of human rights is relative to the laws in each nation"], ["Question: What is the meaning of cultural relativism?\nChoices:\nA. Culture relativism posits that human rights apply equally to all without restrictions\nB. Culture relativism posits that human rights have a cultural origin\nC. Cultural relativism posits that the application of human rights is relative to the laws in each nation\nD. Cultural relativism posits that local culture should validate the existence and practice of all human rights\nAnswer:", " Cultural relativism posits that local culture should validate the existence and practice of all human rights"], ["Question: What is the meaning of collective rights?\nChoices:\nA. Collective rights belong to distinct groups of people\nB. Collective rights are those that belong to particular groups as opposed to the individual members of the group\nC. Minority rights are collective rights\nD. Collective rights entail a right of the group as such as well as individual rights of the group's members\nAnswer:", " Collective rights belong to distinct groups of people"], ["Question: What is the meaning of collective rights?\nChoices:\nA. Collective rights belong to distinct groups of people\nB. Collective rights are those that belong to particular groups as opposed to the individual members of the group\nC. Minority rights are collective rights\nD. Collective rights entail a right of the group as such as well as individual rights of the group's members\nAnswer:", " Collective rights are those that belong to particular groups as opposed to the individual members of the group"], ["Question: What is the meaning of collective rights?\nChoices:\nA. Collective rights belong to distinct groups of people\nB. Collective rights are those that belong to particular groups as opposed to the individual members of the group\nC. Minority rights are collective rights\nD. Collective rights entail a right of the group as such as well as individual rights of the group's members\nAnswer:", " Minority rights are collective rights"], ["Question: What is the meaning of collective rights?\nChoices:\nA. Collective rights belong to distinct groups of people\nB. Collective rights are those that belong to particular groups as opposed to the individual members of the group\nC. Minority rights are collective rights\nD. Collective rights entail a right of the group as such as well as individual rights of the group's members\nAnswer:", " Collective rights entail a right of the group as such as well as individual rights of the group's members"], ["Question: When a reservation is considered as invalid under the law of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. A reservation is invalid when the majority of the State parties objects to it\nB. A reservation is invalid only when an international tribunal says so\nC. A reservation is invalid only when is incompatible with a peremptory norm of international law (jus cogens)\nD. A reservation is invalid when it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty\nAnswer:", " A reservation is invalid when the majority of the State parties objects to it"], ["Question: When a reservation is considered as invalid under the law of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. A reservation is invalid when the majority of the State parties objects to it\nB. A reservation is invalid only when an international tribunal says so\nC. A reservation is invalid only when is incompatible with a peremptory norm of international law (jus cogens)\nD. A reservation is invalid when it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty\nAnswer:", " A reservation is invalid only when an international tribunal says so"], ["Question: When a reservation is considered as invalid under the law of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. A reservation is invalid when the majority of the State parties objects to it\nB. A reservation is invalid only when an international tribunal says so\nC. A reservation is invalid only when is incompatible with a peremptory norm of international law (jus cogens)\nD. A reservation is invalid when it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty\nAnswer:", " A reservation is invalid only when is incompatible with a peremptory norm of international law (jus cogens)"], ["Question: When a reservation is considered as invalid under the law of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. A reservation is invalid when the majority of the State parties objects to it\nB. A reservation is invalid only when an international tribunal says so\nC. A reservation is invalid only when is incompatible with a peremptory norm of international law (jus cogens)\nD. A reservation is invalid when it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty\nAnswer:", " A reservation is invalid when it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty"], ["Question: What is an act jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Acts jure gestionis are those undertaken by States in a private capacity\nB. All purchases by the State are acts jure gestionis\nC. All acts undertaken by State corporations are jure gestionis\nD. All conduct undertaken by government officials in their free time is considered jus gestionis.\nAnswer:", " Acts jure gestionis are those undertaken by States in a private capacity"], ["Question: What is an act jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Acts jure gestionis are those undertaken by States in a private capacity\nB. All purchases by the State are acts jure gestionis\nC. All acts undertaken by State corporations are jure gestionis\nD. All conduct undertaken by government officials in their free time is considered jus gestionis.\nAnswer:", " All purchases by the State are acts jure gestionis"], ["Question: What is an act jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Acts jure gestionis are those undertaken by States in a private capacity\nB. All purchases by the State are acts jure gestionis\nC. All acts undertaken by State corporations are jure gestionis\nD. All conduct undertaken by government officials in their free time is considered jus gestionis.\nAnswer:", " All acts undertaken by State corporations are jure gestionis"], ["Question: What is an act jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Acts jure gestionis are those undertaken by States in a private capacity\nB. All purchases by the State are acts jure gestionis\nC. All acts undertaken by State corporations are jure gestionis\nD. All conduct undertaken by government officials in their free time is considered jus gestionis.\nAnswer:", " All conduct undertaken by government officials in their free time is considered jus gestionis."], ["Question: Is the unlawful homicide committed by Minister of country X abroad an act jure imperii or jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)\nB. Such conduct never attracts immunity\nC. Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)\nD. Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity\nAnswer:", " Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)"], ["Question: Is the unlawful homicide committed by Minister of country X abroad an act jure imperii or jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)\nB. Such conduct never attracts immunity\nC. Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)\nD. Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity\nAnswer:", " Such conduct never attracts immunity"], ["Question: Is the unlawful homicide committed by Minister of country X abroad an act jure imperii or jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)\nB. Such conduct never attracts immunity\nC. Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)\nD. Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity\nAnswer:", " Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)"], ["Question: Is the unlawful homicide committed by Minister of country X abroad an act jure imperii or jure gestionis?\nChoices:\nA. Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)\nB. Such conduct never attracts immunity\nC. Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)\nD. Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity\nAnswer:", " Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity"], ["Question: What was the consequence from the absence of implementing legislation in the Tin Council case?\nChoices:\nA. The International Tin Council was headquartered in London and hence the absence of implementing legislation was inconsequential\nB. The constitutive treaties of international organisations are subject to the doctrine of incorporation\nC. The absence of implementing legislation with respect to the Council's founding treaty meant that individuals did not derive rights and duties from it in the English legal system\nD. The absence of implementing legislation in England in respect of an international organisation is inconsequential under international law\nAnswer:", " The International Tin Council was headquartered in London and hence the absence of implementing legislation was inconsequential"], ["Question: What was the consequence from the absence of implementing legislation in the Tin Council case?\nChoices:\nA. The International Tin Council was headquartered in London and hence the absence of implementing legislation was inconsequential\nB. The constitutive treaties of international organisations are subject to the doctrine of incorporation\nC. The absence of implementing legislation with respect to the Council's founding treaty meant that individuals did not derive rights and duties from it in the English legal system\nD. The absence of implementing legislation in England in respect of an international organisation is inconsequential under international law\nAnswer:", " The constitutive treaties of international organisations are subject to the doctrine of incorporation"], ["Question: What was the consequence from the absence of implementing legislation in the Tin Council case?\nChoices:\nA. The International Tin Council was headquartered in London and hence the absence of implementing legislation was inconsequential\nB. The constitutive treaties of international organisations are subject to the doctrine of incorporation\nC. The absence of implementing legislation with respect to the Council's founding treaty meant that individuals did not derive rights and duties from it in the English legal system\nD. The absence of implementing legislation in England in respect of an international organisation is inconsequential under international law\nAnswer:", " The absence of implementing legislation with respect to the Council's founding treaty meant that individuals did not derive rights and duties from it in the English legal system"], ["Question: What was the consequence from the absence of implementing legislation in the Tin Council case?\nChoices:\nA. The International Tin Council was headquartered in London and hence the absence of implementing legislation was inconsequential\nB. The constitutive treaties of international organisations are subject to the doctrine of incorporation\nC. The absence of implementing legislation with respect to the Council's founding treaty meant that individuals did not derive rights and duties from it in the English legal system\nD. The absence of implementing legislation in England in respect of an international organisation is inconsequential under international law\nAnswer:", " The absence of implementing legislation in England in respect of an international organisation is inconsequential under international law"], ["Question: Under what circumstances do human rights violations taking place outside the territory of ECHR member States fall within the remit of the ECHR?\nChoices:\nA. The ECHR applies outside Europe where human rights are violated by ECHR member States abroad\nB. The ECHR applies extraterritorially in circumstances where a member State exercises effective control\nC. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where a member State has contributed forces to a UN peacekeeping mission\nD. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where human rights violations are taking place in former colonies of member States\nAnswer:", " The ECHR applies outside Europe where human rights are violated by ECHR member States abroad"], ["Question: Under what circumstances do human rights violations taking place outside the territory of ECHR member States fall within the remit of the ECHR?\nChoices:\nA. The ECHR applies outside Europe where human rights are violated by ECHR member States abroad\nB. The ECHR applies extraterritorially in circumstances where a member State exercises effective control\nC. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where a member State has contributed forces to a UN peacekeeping mission\nD. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where human rights violations are taking place in former colonies of member States\nAnswer:", " The ECHR applies extraterritorially in circumstances where a member State exercises effective control"], ["Question: Under what circumstances do human rights violations taking place outside the territory of ECHR member States fall within the remit of the ECHR?\nChoices:\nA. The ECHR applies outside Europe where human rights are violated by ECHR member States abroad\nB. The ECHR applies extraterritorially in circumstances where a member State exercises effective control\nC. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where a member State has contributed forces to a UN peacekeeping mission\nD. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where human rights violations are taking place in former colonies of member States\nAnswer:", " The ECHR applies extraterritorially where a member State has contributed forces to a UN peacekeeping mission"], ["Question: Under what circumstances do human rights violations taking place outside the territory of ECHR member States fall within the remit of the ECHR?\nChoices:\nA. The ECHR applies outside Europe where human rights are violated by ECHR member States abroad\nB. The ECHR applies extraterritorially in circumstances where a member State exercises effective control\nC. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where a member State has contributed forces to a UN peacekeeping mission\nD. The ECHR applies extraterritorially where human rights violations are taking place in former colonies of member States\nAnswer:", " The ECHR applies extraterritorially where human rights violations are taking place in former colonies of member States"], ["Question: What does the doctrine of incorporation suggest in respect of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. The doctrine of incorporation requires that all treaties undergo legislative transformation before they become domestic law\nB. The doctrine of incorporation does not require any further action at the domestic level\nC. The doctrine of incorporation treats treaties as inferior to domestic law\nD. The doctrine of incorporation suggests that ratified treaties automatically pass into the sphere of domestic law\nAnswer:", " The doctrine of incorporation requires that all treaties undergo legislative transformation before they become domestic law"], ["Question: What does the doctrine of incorporation suggest in respect of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. The doctrine of incorporation requires that all treaties undergo legislative transformation before they become domestic law\nB. The doctrine of incorporation does not require any further action at the domestic level\nC. The doctrine of incorporation treats treaties as inferior to domestic law\nD. The doctrine of incorporation suggests that ratified treaties automatically pass into the sphere of domestic law\nAnswer:", " The doctrine of incorporation does not require any further action at the domestic level"], ["Question: What does the doctrine of incorporation suggest in respect of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. The doctrine of incorporation requires that all treaties undergo legislative transformation before they become domestic law\nB. The doctrine of incorporation does not require any further action at the domestic level\nC. The doctrine of incorporation treats treaties as inferior to domestic law\nD. The doctrine of incorporation suggests that ratified treaties automatically pass into the sphere of domestic law\nAnswer:", " The doctrine of incorporation treats treaties as inferior to domestic law"], ["Question: What does the doctrine of incorporation suggest in respect of treaties?\nChoices:\nA. The doctrine of incorporation requires that all treaties undergo legislative transformation before they become domestic law\nB. The doctrine of incorporation does not require any further action at the domestic level\nC. The doctrine of incorporation treats treaties as inferior to domestic law\nD. The doctrine of incorporation suggests that ratified treaties automatically pass into the sphere of domestic law\nAnswer:", " The doctrine of incorporation suggests that ratified treaties automatically pass into the sphere of domestic law"], ["Question: What is the effects doctrine?\nChoices:\nA. It posits that jurisdiction exists only when it is effective\nB. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State which has an effective link with the harmful conduct\nC. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State sharing the nationality of the offender\nD. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction to the State on whose territory the conduct produces effects\nAnswer:", " It posits that jurisdiction exists only when it is effective"], ["Question: What is the effects doctrine?\nChoices:\nA. It posits that jurisdiction exists only when it is effective\nB. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State which has an effective link with the harmful conduct\nC. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State sharing the nationality of the offender\nD. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction to the State on whose territory the conduct produces effects\nAnswer:", " The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State which has an effective link with the harmful conduct"], ["Question: What is the effects doctrine?\nChoices:\nA. It posits that jurisdiction exists only when it is effective\nB. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State which has an effective link with the harmful conduct\nC. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State sharing the nationality of the offender\nD. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction to the State on whose territory the conduct produces effects\nAnswer:", " The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State sharing the nationality of the offender"], ["Question: What is the effects doctrine?\nChoices:\nA. It posits that jurisdiction exists only when it is effective\nB. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State which has an effective link with the harmful conduct\nC. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction on the State sharing the nationality of the offender\nD. The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction to the State on whose territory the conduct produces effects\nAnswer:", " The effects doctrine serves to confer jurisdiction to the State on whose territory the conduct produces effects"]]