Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/big-refactor' into calibration

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_en_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: en
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"Question: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_en_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_es_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: es
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"Pregunta: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_es_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_fr_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: fr
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"Question : "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_fr_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_ja_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: ja
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"問題: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_ja_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_ru_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: ru
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"Задача: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_ru_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_sw_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: sw
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"Swali: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_sw_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_te_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: te
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"ప్రశ్న: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_te_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_th_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: th
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"โจทย์: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_th_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/en_cot/mgsm_zh_en-cot.yaml

+# Generated by utils.py
+dataset_name: zh
+doc_to_target: '{% if answer is not none %}{{answer[20+1]}}{% else %}{{answer_number|string}}{% endif %}'
+doc_to_text: '{% if answer is not none %}{{question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% else %}{{"问题: "+question+"\nStep-by-Step Answer:"}}{% endif %}'
+include: cot_yaml
+task: mgsm_zh_direct

lm_eval/tasks/mgsm/utils.py

+import yaml
+import argparse
+
+
+LANGUAGES = {
+    "bn": {  # Bengali
+        # "QUESTION": "প্রশ্ন:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8:",
+        # "ANSWER": "ধাপে ধাপে উত্তর:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        "REGEX": "The answer is (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "de": {  # German
+        "QUESTION": "Frage:",
+        # "ANSWER": "Schritt-für-Schritt-Antwort:",
+        "ANSWER": "Schritt-f\u00fcr-Schritt-Antwort:",
+        "DIRECT": "Antwort:",
+        "REGEX": "Die Antwort lautet (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "en": {  # English
+        "QUESTION": "Question:",
+        "ANSWER": "Step-by-Step Answer:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        "REGEX": "The answer is (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "es": {  # Spanish
+        "QUESTION": "Pregunta:",
+        "ANSWER": "Respuesta paso a paso:",
+        "DIRECT": "Respuesta:",
+        "REGEX": "La respuesta es (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "fr": {  # French
+        "QUESTION": "Question :",
+        # "ANSWER": "Réponse étape par étape :"
+        "ANSWER": "R\u00e9ponse \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape :",
+        # "DIRECT": "Réponse :",
+        "DIRECT": "R\u00e9ponse :",
+        # "REGEX": "La réponse est (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+        "REGEX": "La r\u00e9ponse est (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "ru": {  # Russian
+        # "QUESTION": "Задача:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430:",
+        # "ANSWER": "Пошаговоерешение:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        # "REGEX": "Ответ — (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+        "REGEX": "\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u2014 (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "sw": {  # Swahili
+        "QUESTION": "Swali:",
+        "ANSWER": "Jibu la Hatua kwa Hatua:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        "REGEX": "Jibu ni (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "te": {  # Telugu
+        # "QUESTION": "ప్రశ్న:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u0c2a\u0c4d\u0c30\u0c36\u0c4d\u0c28:",
+        # "ANSWER": "దశలవారీగా సమాధానం:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u0c26\u0c36\u0c32\u0c35\u0c3e\u0c30\u0c40\u0c17\u0c3e \u0c38\u0c2e\u0c3e\u0c27\u0c3e\u0c28\u0c02:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        # "REGEX": "సమాధానం (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+        "REGEX": "\u0c38\u0c2e\u0c3e\u0c27\u0c3e\u0c28\u0c02 (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "th": {  # Thai
+        # "QUESTION": "โจทย์:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e22\u0e4c:",
+        # "ANSWER": "คำตอบทีละขั้นตอน:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u0e04\u0e33\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e25\u0e30\u0e02\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e19:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        # "REGEX": "คำตอบคือ (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+        "REGEX": "\u0e04\u0e33\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e37\u0e2d (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)",
+    },
+    "ja": {  # Japanese
+        # "QUESTION": "問題:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u554f\u984c:",
+        # "ANSWER": "ステップごとの答え:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u7b54\u3048:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        # "REGEX": "答えは(\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)です。",
+        "REGEX": "\u7b54\u3048\u306f(\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)\u3067\u3059\u3002",
+    },
+    "zh": {  # Chinese
+        # "QUESTION": "问题:",
+        "QUESTION": "\u95ee\u9898:",
+        # "ANSWER": "逐步解答:",
+        "ANSWER": "\u9010\u6b65\u89e3\u7b54:",
+        "DIRECT": "Answer:",
+        # "REGEX": "答案是 (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)。",
+        "REGEX": "\u7b54\u6848\u662f (\\-?[0-9\\.\\,]+)\u3002",
+    },
+}
+
+
+def add_regex_pattern(regex_pattern):
+
+    if regex_pattern is None:
+        return {}
+    return {
+        "filter_list": [
+            {
+                "name": "get-answer",
+                "filter": [
+                    {
+                        "function": "regex",
+                        "regex_pattern": regex_pattern,
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "function": "take_first",
+                    },
+                ],
+            },
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def gen_lang_yamls(output_dir: str, overwrite: bool, mode: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Generate a yaml file for each language.
+
+    :param output_dir: The directory to output the files to.
+    :param overwrite: Whether to overwrite files if they already exist.
+    """
+    err = []
+    for lang in LANGUAGES.keys():
+        try:
+            QUESTION = LANGUAGES[lang]["QUESTION"]
+
+            yaml_template = "cot_yaml"
+            filter_list = {}
+            if mode == "direct":
+                ANSWER = LANGUAGES[lang]["DIRECT"]
+                REGEX = None
+                task_name = f"mgsm_{lang}_direct"
+                yaml_template = "direct_yaml"
+            elif mode == "native-cot":
+                ANSWER = LANGUAGES[lang]["ANSWER"]
+                REGEX = LANGUAGES[lang]["REGEX"]
+                task_name = f"mgsm_{lang}_native-cot"
+                filter_list = add_regex_pattern(REGEX)
+            elif mode == "en-cot":
+                ANSWER = LANGUAGES["en"]["ANSWER"]
+                REGEX = LANGUAGES["en"]["REGEX"]
+                task_name = f"mgsm_{lang}_en-cot"
+
+            file_name = f"{task_name}.yaml"
+
+            with open(
+                f"{output_dir}/{file_name}", "w" if overwrite else "x", encoding="utf8"
+            ) as f:
+                f.write("# Generated by utils.py\n")
+                yaml.dump(
+                    {
+                        "include": yaml_template,
+                        "dataset_name": lang,
+                        "task": f"mgsm_{lang}_direct",
+                        "doc_to_text": f"""{{% if answer is not none %}}"""
+                        f"""{{{{question+"\\n{ANSWER}"}}}}"""
+                        f"""{{% else %}}"""
+                        f"""{{{{"{QUESTION} "+question+"\\n{ANSWER}"}}}}"""
+                        f"""{{% endif %}}""",
+                        "doc_to_target": f"""{{% if answer is not none %}}"""
+                        f"""{{{{answer[{len(ANSWER)}+1]}}}}"""
+                        f"""{{% else %}}"""
+                        f"""{{{{answer_number|string}}}}"""
+                        f"""{{% endif %}}""",
+                        **filter_list,
+                    },
+                    f,
+                    allow_unicode=True,
+                    width=float("inf"),
+                )
+        except FileExistsError:
+            err.append(file_name)
+
+    if len(err) > 0:
+        raise FileExistsError(
+            "Files were not created because they already exist (use --overwrite flag):"
+            f" {', '.join(err)}"
+        )
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Parse CLI args and generate language-specific yaml files."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--overwrite",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Overwrite files if they already exist",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output-dir", default=".", help="Directory to write yaml files to"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--mode",
+        default="native-cot",
+        choices=["direct", "native-cot", "en-cot"],
+        help="Mode of chain-of-thought",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    gen_lang_yamls(output_dir=args.output_dir, overwrite=args.overwrite, mode=args.mode)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

lm_eval/tasks/pubmedqa/preprocess_pubmedqa.py

-def doc_to_text(doc):
+def doc_to_text(doc) -> str:
     ctxs = "\n".join(doc["context"]["contexts"])
     return "Abstract: {}\nQuestion: {}\nAnswer:".format(
         ctxs, doc["question"], doc["final_decision"]
     )
 
 
-def doc_to_target(doc):
+def doc_to_target(doc) -> str:
     return " {}".format(doc["final_decision"])
 
 

lm_eval/tasks/realtoxicityprompts/metric.py

 import os
-import sys
 import json
 import requests
 import numpy as np
 
 from lm_eval.logger import eval_logger
 
-try:
-    API_KEY = os.environ["PERSPECTIVE_API_KEY"]
-except KeyError:
-    API_KEY = None
-    eval_logger.warning(
-        "PERSPECTIVE_API_KEY is not set. If you are running the `realtoxicityprompts` task, please set this environment variable."
-    )
-
-url = f"https://commentanalyzer.googleapis.com/v1alpha1/comments:analyze?key={API_KEY}"
-
 
 def toxicity_perspective_api(references, predictions, **kwargs):
     """Toxicity Perspective API is a metric which uses Perspective API to score the toxicity of a generated sentence.
@@ -25,6 +14,16 @@ def toxicity_perspective_api(references, predictions, **kwargs):
     Lower is better
     """
 
+    try:
+        API_KEY = os.environ["PERSPECTIVE_API_KEY"]
+    except KeyError:
+        eval_logger.warning(
+            "PERSPECTIVE_API_KEY is not set. If you are running the `realtoxicityprompts` task, please set this environment variable."
+        )
+        raise
+
+    url = f"https://commentanalyzer.googleapis.com/v1alpha1/comments:analyze?key={API_KEY}"
+
     scores = []
     for pred in predictions:
         data = {
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ def toxicity_perspective_api(references, predictions, **kwargs):
         headers = {
             "content-type": "application/json",
         }
-        req_response = requests.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)
+        req_response = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers)
         if req_response.ok:
             response = json.loads(req_response.text)
             if (
@@ -54,6 +53,6 @@ def toxicity_perspective_api(references, predictions, **kwargs):
                 raise SystemExit(0)
         else:
             eval_logger.error("Unhandled Exception")
-            raise SystemExit(0)
+            req_response.raise_for_status()
 
     return np.mean(scores)

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/README.md

+# SuperGLUE
+
+### Paper
+
+Title: `SuperGLUE: A Stickier Benchmark for General-Purpose Language Understanding Systems`
+Abstract: `https://w4ngatang.github.io/static/papers/superglue.pdf`
+
+SuperGLUE is a benchmark styled after GLUE with a new set of more difficult language
+understanding tasks.
+
+Homepage: https://super.gluebenchmark.com/
+
+### Citation
+
+```
+@inproceedings{NEURIPS2019_4496bf24,
+    author = {Wang, Alex and Pruksachatkun, Yada and Nangia, Nikita and Singh, Amanpreet and Michael, Julian and Hill, Felix and Levy, Omer and Bowman, Samuel},
+    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
+    editor = {H. Wallach and H. Larochelle and A. Beygelzimer and F. d\textquotesingle Alch\'{e}-Buc and E. Fox and R. Garnett},
+    pages = {},
+    publisher = {Curran Associates, Inc.},
+    title = {SuperGLUE: A Stickier Benchmark for General-Purpose Language Understanding Systems},
+    url = {https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2019/file/4496bf24afe7fab6f046bf4923da8de6-Paper.pdf},
+    volume = {32},
+    year = {2019}
+}
+```
+
+### Groups and Tasks
+
+#### Groups
+
+* `super-glue-lm-eval-v1`: SuperGLUE eval adapted from LM Eval V1
+* `super-glue-t5-prompt`: SuperGLUE prompt and evaluation that matches the T5 paper (if using accelerate, will error if record is included.)
+
+#### Tasks
+
+Comparison between validation split score on T5x and LM-Eval (T5x models converted to HF)
+| T5V1.1 Base | SGLUE | BoolQ | CB        | Copa | MultiRC | ReCoRD | RTE | WiC | WSC |
+| ----------- | ------| ----- | --------- | ---- | ------- | ------ | --- | --- | --- |
+| T5x | 69.47 | 78.47(acc) | 83.93(f1) 87.5(acc) | 50(acc) | 73.81(f1) 33.26(em) | 70.09(em) 71.34(f1) | 78.7(acc) | 63.64(acc) | 75(acc) |
+| LM-Eval | 71.35 | 79.36(acc) | 83.63(f1) 87.5(acc) | 63(acc) | 73.45(f1) 33.26(em) | 69.85(em) 68.86(f1) | 78.34(acc) | 65.83(acc) | 75.96(acc) |
+
+
+
+* `super-glue-lm-eval-v1`
+    -  `boolq`
+    - `cb`
+    - `copa`
+    - `multirc`
+    - `record`
+    - `rte`
+    - `wic`
+    - `wsc`
+
+* `super-glue-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-boolq-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-cb-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-copa-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-multirc-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-record-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-rte-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-wic-t5-prompt`
+    - `super_glue-wsc-t5-prompt`
+
+### Checklist
+
+For adding novel benchmarks/datasets to the library:
+* [ ] Is the task an existing benchmark in the literature?
+  * [ ] Have you referenced the original paper that introduced the task?
+  * [ ] If yes, does the original paper provide a reference implementation? If so, have you checked against the reference implementation and documented how to run such a test?
+
+
+If other tasks on this dataset are already supported:
+* [ ] Is the "Main" variant of this task clearly denoted?
+* [ ] Have you provided a short sentence in a README on what each new variant adds / evaluates?
+* [ ] Have you noted which, if any, published evaluation setups are matched by this variant?

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/boolq/seq2seq.yaml

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ output_type: greedy_until
 training_split: train
 validation_split: validation
 doc_to_text: "{{passage}}\nQuestion: {{question}}?\nAnswer:"
-doc_to_target: "{{[' no', ' yes'][label]}}"
-target_delimiter: ""
+doc_to_target: label
+doc_to_choice: ['no', 'yes']
 generation_kwargs:
   until:
     - "\n\n"

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/boolq/t5-prompt.yaml

+group:
+  - super-glue-t5-prompt
+task: super_glue-boolq-t5-prompt
+dataset_path: super_glue
+dataset_name: boolq
+training_split: train
+validation_split: validation
+output_type: greedy_until
+doc_to_text: "boolq passage: {{passage}} question: {{question}}"
+doc_to_target: label
+doc_to_choice: ['False', 'True']
+metric_list:
+  - metric: exact_match
+    aggregation: mean
+    higher_is_better: true
+    ignore_case: true
+    ignore_punctuation: true

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/cb/t5-prompt.yaml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ dataset_name: cb
 training_split: train
 validation_split: validation
 output_type: greedy_until
-doc_to_text: "cb hypothesis: {{hypothesis}} premise {{premise}}"
+doc_to_text: "cb hypothesis: {{hypothesis}} premise: {{premise}}"
 doc_to_target: label
 doc_to_choice: ['entailment', 'contradiction', 'neutral']
 metric_list:
@@ -15,5 +15,6 @@ metric_list:
     higher_is_better: true
     ignore_case: true
     ignore_punctuation: true
-  - metric: f1
-    aggregation: !function "aggregate.cb_multi_fi"
+  - metric: !function "t5_utils.mean_3class_f1"
+    aggregation: !function "t5_utils.agg_mean_3class_f1"
+    higher_is_better: true

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/cb/t5_utils.py

+import sklearn.metrics
+
+
+def mean_3class_f1(predictions, references):  # This is a passthrough function
+
+    string_label = ["entailment", "contradiction", "neutral"]
+    predictions = string_label.index(predictions[0])
+    references = string_label.index(references[0])
+
+    return (predictions, references)
+
+
+def agg_mean_3class_f1(items):
+
+    predictions, references = zip(*items)
+
+    """Computes the unweighted average of the F1 per class."""
+    metric_str = "fbeta_score"
+    metric_fn_kwargs = {
+        "beta": 1,
+        "labels": range(3),
+        "average": "macro",
+    }
+
+    def _fn(predictions, references):
+        metric_fn = getattr(sklearn.metrics, metric_str)
+        metric_val = metric_fn(references, predictions, **metric_fn_kwargs)
+        return metric_val
+
+    return _fn(predictions, references)

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/copa/t5-prompt.yaml

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ dataset_name: copa
 training_split: train
 validation_split: validation
 output_type: greedy_until
-doc_to_text: "copa choice1: {{choice1}} choice2: {{choice2}} question: {{question}}"
+doc_to_text: "copa choice1: {{choice1}} choice2: {{choice2}} premise: {{premise}} question: {{question}}"
 doc_to_target: label
-doc_to_choice: ['False', 'True']
+doc_to_choice: ['choice1', 'choice2']
 metric_list:
   - metric: exact_match
     aggregation: mean

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/multirc/t5-prompt.yaml

+group:
+  - super-glue-t5-prompt
+task: super_glue-multirc-t5-prompt
+dataset_path: super_glue
+dataset_name: multirc
+training_split: train
+validation_split: validation
+output_type: greedy_until
+doc_to_text: "multirc question: {{question}} answer: {{answer}} paragraph: {{paragraph}}"
+doc_to_target: label
+doc_to_choice: "{% set group_id = idx.question|string %}{{[group_id+'_False', group_id+'_True']}}"
+generation_kwargs:
+  until:
+    - "</s>"
+  do_sample: false
+  temperature: 0.5
+metric_list:
+  - metric: !function t5_utils.f1
+    aggregation: !function t5_utils.agg_f1
+    higher_is_better: true
+  - metric: !function t5_utils.em
+    aggregation: !function t5_utils.agg_em
+    higher_is_better: true

lm_eval/tasks/super_glue/multirc/t5_utils.py

+import collections
+
+import numpy as np
+import sklearn.metrics
+
+
+def f1(predictions, references):  # This is a passthrough function
+
+    _prediction = predictions[0]
+    _reference = references[0].split("_")[-1]
+    string_label = ["False", "True"]
+    reference = string_label.index(_reference)
+    prediction = (
+        string_label.index(_prediction)
+        if _prediction in string_label
+        else not bool(reference)
+    )
+
+    return (prediction, reference)
+
+
+def agg_f1(items):
+
+    predictions, references = zip(*items)
+    references, predictions = np.asarray(references), np.asarray(predictions)
+
+    return sklearn.metrics.f1_score(references, predictions)
+
+
+def em(predictions, references):  # This is a passthrough function
+
+    _prediction = predictions[0]
+    _group, _reference = references[0].split("_")
+    string_label = ["False", "True"]
+    reference = string_label.index(_reference)
+    prediction = (
+        string_label.index(_prediction)
+        if _prediction in string_label
+        else not bool(reference)
+    )
+
+    return (_group, prediction, reference)
+
+
+def agg_em(items):
+    grouped_values = collections.defaultdict(lambda: ([], []))
+    for group, prediction, reference in items:
+        grouped_values[group][0].append(reference)
+        grouped_values[group][1].append(prediction)
+
+    group_scores = []
+    for group, (targets, predictions) in grouped_values.items():
+        score = float(np.array_equal(targets, predictions))
+        group_scores.append(score)
+
+    return np.mean(group_scores)