Add tests to make sure task definitions don't change without the version also changing

tests/testdata/pile_openwebtext2-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[[".org Jingles\n\nHere you will find the complete text of the original Burma-Shave jingles, as archived in Frank Rowsome Jr.'s book The Verse by the Side of the Road."], ["Abandoned Ontario Mansion Hidden in the Woods\n\nEvery year it seems that we cannot top the amazing abandoned places that were found and discovered that year until something like this incredible abandoned Ontario Mansion comes along.\n\nIt is mind blowing to imagine that with all of the abandoned enthusiasts, urban explorers and curious adventurous photographers out there that this place hasn\u2019t been discovered until now (as far as I know)\n\nThe story of how this place came to be known is that of luck and a fluke, a young explorers grandfather used to work in the area of this house and he knew of it, but had no reason to mention it. Then he learned of his grandsons hobby of exploring and photographing old abandoned houses, the grandfather told his grandson where to find it and to see if it\u2019s still there. He followed the directions provided, hiked through a deep forest and finally found himself in front of a large and overgrown mansion.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAs much as I would love to provide a deeper history of this amazing abandoned mansion, that would open up the location to people who have less than ideal intentions \u2013 and that is something I\u2019m not willing to do.\n\nI will say, the home had a number of wings and very long corridors, entryways and foyers, Each wing was connected by a unique round room, one of them serving as a bar. The home has a large solarium and ballroom, a courtyard with a (now filled in) swimming pool, a basement gym and Jacuzzi. There were many bedrooms, a wine cellar, kitchen, prep area and large eating area. I could go on and on about the features of the house, but now let\u2019s allow the photographs to do the talking.\n\nAt the bottom of the page I have included a number of videos from outside of the house as a rain storm came through the area as well as some short and fun walk through videos.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nExterior Photos of this Abandoned Ontario Mansion Hidden in the Woods\n\nThe exterior of a large abandoned ontario mansion, tucked away and hidden deep in a wooded area in Ontario The view out the window of the bedroom of a large abandoned ontario mansion, tucked away and hidden deep in a wooded area in Ontario\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbandoned Ontario Mansion Hidden in the Woods\n\nRound Rooms in Abandoned Ontario Mansion Hidden in the Woods\n\nAbandoned Ontario Mansion Hidden in the Woods\n\nKitchen of a large abandoned ontario mansion, tucked away and hidden deep in a wooded area in Ontario\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPhotoSensory Clips"], ["Steam Keys\n\nTo get your Steam key, just select the game you have bought from us, enter your registered e-mail address and click 'submit'.\n\nIf you lose your key just enter your e-mail again and we'll resend it.\n\nIf you need to update your e-mail address in our database, please contact us and we'll sort it out as soon as we can."], ["The number one place for Gambino Merch. Whether you call him Donald, Gambino, Troy or Earn, we all love this guy."], ["Rescue workers help a trapped woman in Point Vernon after cutting the roof off the four-wheel driver she was a passenger in.\n\nRescue workers help a trapped woman in Point Vernon after cutting the roof off the four-wheel driver she was a passenger in. Roderick Makim\n\nA WOMAN was taken to hospital after a crash at a notorious traffic black spot in Hervey Bay.\n\nThe crash occurred at the intersection of Martin and Tooth Sts in Point Vernon.\n\nA white Ford four-wheel drive allegedly failed to give way and crashed into a black Hyundai Excel.\n\nNearby residents rushed to help seven people involved in the crash - four in the Ford and three in the Hyundai.\n\nA woman was trapped in the Ford and firefighters had to cut the roof off before she could be taken by ambulance to Hervey Bay Hospital.\n\nA police spokesman said the woman's injuries were believed to be minor.\n\nRon Berrell was one of the people to help passengers out of the Ford, including three teenage children.\n\n\"There were quite a few people helping out,\" he said.\n\nThere had been many crashes at the intersection in the years he had lived nearby, Mr Berrell said.\n\nHe and other residents told the Chronicle there was a need for traffic lights or a roundabout at the intersection.\n\nThe Fraser Coast Regional Council was already looking into the possibility.\n\n\"It has been deemed a problem area,\" Mayor Gerard O'Connell said.\n\nLeonard Gleeson, acting station officer from the Hervey Bay fire station, said the crash was \"a reminder for drivers to take care around school times\".\n\nPolice said the male driver of the Ford was given a traffic infringement notice for failing to give way."], ["\u201cDoes everyone know where the bike\u2019s back break is?\u201d\n\nI breathe a sigh of relief. So far my introductory course to downhill mountain biking at Winter Park Resort\u2019s Trestle Bike Park in Colorado is manageable.\n\nDespite knowing the answers to the preliminary questions, however, my heart is beating out of its chest and my blood pressure feels like one of those strong man carnival games where you pound a puck with a mallet to hit the top bell.\n\nI\u2019m out of breath and we haven\u2019t even left the bike shop yet.\n\nThe full-face helmet, knee and shin guards, gloves, and full-body padding warn me the day is about to get more adventurous \u2026 by a lot.\n\nDespite riding my bike almost daily around NYC and exploring trails around the USA like Idaho\u2019s Route of the Hiawatha trail, downhill mountain biking has always been a fear of mine. It just looks so out of control, with so many possibilities for what could go wrong:\n\nFalling off a mountain, bashing into a tree, tumbling over the handlebars, simply looking like an idiot.\n\nDeep breathing and lots of water help calm me down, and I vow not to let myself back out.\n\nFunny enough, I didn\u2019t sign up for the lesson because I thought I would be the best \u2014 although one can hope; instead, I booked this excursion because I wanted to face a fear. I wanted to use travel for one of its most powerful purposes: growth.\n\nMy previous days in Colorado\u2019s Grand County had been full of Rocky Mountain hiking, high altitude kayaking and dude ranch barbecuing \u2014 all things I loved, and knew I would love when deciding to do them.\n\nDownhill mountain biking was something that could very well bring me to tears, break my bones or just be something I hated. It could also be something I excelled at, made it through with a smile and absolutely loved. We would soon find out.\n\nWorst came to worst, I would leave with some gnarly scars and a great story to tell. See, I like to think positive.\n\nDownhill Biking: Learning The Basics\n\nAfter a chat about safety and how to properly downhill bike, our group of eight, six students and two instructors, Christy and John, spend some time on the bunny hill practicing our strong stance \u2014 standing tall without locked knees, arms wide on the bars with elbows out, body slightly back, and pedals flat on an even plane.\n\nWe also talk about our experience with downhill biking. Let\u2019s just say my title of \u201curban commuter cyclist\u201d wasn\u2019t going to get me any street mountain cred with these folks.\n\nI feel pretty good about my stance, although will every passing moment I feel myself getting farther from the bunny hill and closer to the day\u2019s terrifying adventure.\n\nWhich begins with the lift.\n\nI actually enjoy heights, and thus enjoy chairlifts. While I\u2019ve taken chairlifts skiing, the downhill bike chairlifts alternate bike and human chairs.\n\nTo get my bike on, I follow the chair as it drifts away from me and run my bike up a metal ramp slot until both wheels are secure.\n\nAs I use all my strength \u2014 which I\u2019ll admit isn\u2019t much \u2014 to get the bike into the slot the front wheel awkwardly turns away from where it needs to go. Luckily, John is there to grab the bike and fix it.\n\nShake it off, Jessie.\n\nThe next chairlift picks me up, and I forget fear during the 10-minute flight, views of lodgepole pines, Parry Peak (which looks oddly like a catcher\u2019s mitt), and the Continental Divide captivating my mind.\n\nWhen I get off the lift, I\u2019m standing at 10,500 feet (3,200 meters).\n\nIt\u2019s from this high altitude that I\u2019ll begin downhill biking.\n\nThe Adventure Begins\n\nTrestle Bike Park features over 40 miles (64 kilometers) of mountain bike trails, although there is only one green (beginner) trail. Like skiing, trails are labeled by colors \u2014 green, blue and black, along with special blue blacks and double blacks \u2014 with much of the park\u2019s terrain designated for advanced riders.\n\nThe single-track green trail I\u2019d be embarking on, called Green World, is about 5.5 miles (nine kilometers) long, with plenty of action along the way to satisfy any adrenaline junkie.\n\nJohn leads while Christy pulls up the rear, with students cycling over a downhill wooden rollover \u2014 I have a bit of a panic attack with this \u2014 as well as rough and rolling terrain.\n\nI\u2019m not used to the bumps and rocks, and find myself staring down at the ground as well as at the many pines I don\u2019t want to crash into.\n\nI can\u2019t stress enough how bad this is. When downhill mountain biking you need to look at the path ahead, focusing on where you want the bike to go.\n\nYour bike tends to follow your eyes, so if you\u2019re staring at the scary rocks and cliff ledges you don\u2019t want to interact with you may find yourself doing just that.\n\nWhile the instructors have told us this, it\u2019s much easier said than done. Especially when we get to the trail turns.\n\nWe\u2019re told to look ahead and to gently brake before the turn \u2014 not during or things can get hairy. Braking is possibly one of the most important skills to master for downhill biking.\n\nIt should be gentle with one finger, assuming your bike has good brakes, which it should. Brake too hard with your rear break \u2014 the one on the right (in the US, different for motorcycles) \u2014 and you\u2019ll just damage the bike and the trail.\n\nBrake too hard with your front brake and you\u2019ll likely find yourself flipped over the handlebars when the bike halts to a standstill. It\u2019s truly an art to master.\n\nAnd I do, albeit shakily, and not without yelping like a wounded animal. I\u2019m sweating so much from anxiety I need to remove my sunglasses and pour water on my face.\n\nI\u2019ve skydived, bungee jumped, zip-lined, rock climbed, swam cage-less with hammerheads and gone canyoning without a second thought; but, for some reason, this downhill biking seriously freaks me out.\n\nThere\u2019s something about being in control of your own life using a skill you\u2019re not sure you possess that\u2019s seriously terrifying.\n\nThe thing is, I\u2019ve now gone up the chairlift and am in the middle of the woods, on a downhill single-track trail that still has five miles to go. There\u2019s no turning back. I\u2019ve either got to suck it up, believe in myself and get on with it, or ask to be air rescued.\n\nLuckily, I\u2019ve got a little too much pride for the latter.\n\nWhen Being The Worst Is A Good Thing\n\nDespite my worries of being the worst in the group, it\u2019s soon something I really just have to own, especially when John splits us up into two groups \u2014 one of five, and one of one. Me. He\u2019s trying so hard to be nice about the fact I\u2019m 10 times slower than everyone else that I have to laugh.\n\n\u201cIt\u2019s okay, I\u2019m fine with being the worst,\u201d I laugh. \u201cI\u2019m glad for the one-on-one practice.\u201d\n\nThe rest of the group is supportive, wishing me luck and telling me I\u2019m doing great. Soon, they\u2019re on their way and I\u2019m left alone with my awesome instructor for the day, Christy.\n\nI\u2019m not sure why I was so afraid of being the worst, as it\u2019s actually landed me a private lesson. I already feel more comfortable simply not having other eyes on me.\n\nI\u2019m still a bit shaky, and Christy tells me that I\u2019m doing everything right, technically, but that I need to relax. I\u2019m rigid and fearful, and that alone is what is affecting my performance.\n\nMy confidence in my abilities doesn\u2019t come quickly or easily; however, after mile two, my heart has stopped beating out of my ears and I\u2019m actually having fun.\n\nAnd I\u2019m downhill biking! I\u2019m really doing it.\n\nFinding My Confidence\n\nCertain sections are harder than others, and we go over numerous segments with wide sharp turns, steep declines, huff-inducing inclines and huge rocks that just that morning I never would have believed I could do.\n\nAt one point we reach a particularly precious looking turn that I just can\u2019t bring myself to do \u2014 literally stopping short at the top each time I try \u2014 and end up walking my bike around it, instantly feeling angry at myself for giving up.\n\n\u201cThere\u2019s another one coming up that\u2019s slightly different than that one, so you\u2019ll have a chance to try again,\u201d says Christy.\n\nWhen we get to the second turn, I give myself a head start with pedaling, take a deep breath, utter a \u201cyou can do this\u201d mantra and \u2026 go.\n\nI easily make it around the scary curve unscathed and with a smile.\n\nChristy smirks, \u201cRemember how I said that turn was slightly different? It was steeper and longer. I just didn\u2019t want to freak you out. You did it!\u201d\n\nAfter that my confidence shoots through the roof. I feel invincible, simply because I successfully tackled something I wasn\u2019t quite sure I could master.\n\nThe last leg of the trail introduces me to rollers, essentially a pattern of up and downhill slopes. For this, Christy teaches me how to \u201cpump\u201d the rollers, which means moving your body up and down in tune with the slopes, providing speed and smoothness for the ride. While I wouldn\u2019t say I mastered them, I feel like I got the hang of them to the point where I was proud.\n\nThe trail ends with level mountain trails, until the very end where there\u2019s a long downward slope where I think I might bite the dust. But, I don\u2019t. And I finish in one piece.\n\nI could have easily spent the day at Winter Park Resort riding the alpine slide or doing the maze \u2014 which I do, and are awesome \u2014 but I also wanted an experience that would take me out of my comfort zone and help me grow as a person.\n\nDownhill biking at Trestle Bike Park provided exactly that in an active and fun way, and introduced me to something I wasn\u2019t great at when I started, but feel I could somewhat master with more practice.\n\nLooks like I have a new activity to incorporate into my upcoming travels.\n\nHave you ever tried downhill mountain biking in Colorado?\n\nMy trip was sponsored by Visit Colorado. I was not required to write this post nor was I compensated for it. As always, all opinions are my own, and all writings are based on my personal experiences in the destination.\n\nLogistics: Getting There & Around: Travelers can fly into Denver International Airport. From here, it\u2019s about a two-hour drive to Winter Park Resort. If you just plan on spending time at the resort and exploring their mountain sports and onsite rides and restaurants, there\u2019s no need for a car, especially in winter when their free shuttle takes you around town, as well; however, summer travelers wanting to explore beyond the resort or those wanting to do a longer trip should rent a car. I recommend Home James Transportation for a shuttle service, and Avis for car rentals. For the trip between Denver International Airport and Winter Park Resort the cost was $69. Health: Because Colorado is a high altitude state, make sure to hydrate before and during your trip. Eight glasses is not enough, and altitude sickness can creep up on you without warning. Travel Insurance: I recommend taking out a plan with Allianz Global Assistance. Language: English Currency: US Dollars Fun Fact: Charles Lindbergh and his wife, author Anne Morrow, spent time in Grand County with friend, Harry Knight, whose place is now covered by Granby Reservoir.\n\n\n\nBonus Colorado Adventure Resources:\n\nEpic Adventures In Colorado\u2019s Grand County\n\n5 Ways To Experience Aspen Beyond Skiing\n\nConquering My Fear Of Heights At Portland Creek Canyon, Colorado\n\nThese Photos Will Make You Want To Hike Vail Mountain Right Now"], ["(Reuters) - Haitian leaders pleaded for calm on Saturday as violent protests over fuel price increases entered a second day and U.S. airlines canceled flights to the Caribbean nation.\n\nPrime minister Jack Guy Lafontant listends to President Jovenel Moise's speech during Lafontant's presentation in the National Palace of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, February 24, 2017. REUTERS/Andres Martinez Casares\n\nPrime Minister Jack Guy Lafontant announced the temporary suspension of double-digit government hikes to prices for gasoline, diesel and kerosene on Saturday afternoon - just a day after they were announced.\n\nBut as local television footage showed, the government\u2019s decision to back down did not keep angry residents from taking to the streets. Some demonstrators erected flaming roadblocks, while others attacked hotels and businesses.\n\n\u201cThe poor people want to be able to eat,\u201d one masked protester told Reuters TV as a car blazed behind him. \u201cI want to tell (President) Jovenel (Mo\u00efse) that Haiti is not for him and his family. Haiti is for every Haitian. He needs to leave the country and leave the country to us so we can live.\u201d\n\nIn a statement, Lafontant said the government strongly condemns the acts of violence and vandalism.\n\nU.S. carriers American Airlines AAL.O, JetBlue JBLU.O and Spirit Airlines SAVE.N announced flight cancellations Saturday to the capital Port-au-Prince citing civil unrest.\n\n\u201cDue to concerns over safety from unrest in the area, Spirit Airlines felt it necessary to temporarily suspend service to Port-au-Prince, Haiti Saturday,\u201d the airline said in a statement. \u201cWe apologize for the inconvenience this has caused, but the safety of our guests and crew is paramount.\u201d\n\nA spokesman for the airline said it was not yet clear when flights would resume.\n\nThe U.S. Embassy in Haiti advised personnel and Americans in the country to shelter in place.\n\nThe U.S. State Department said separately that it was aware of vandalism at a Best Western hotel, where media reports said Americans were staying, and at an American Airlines office in downtown Port-au-Prince.\n\n\u201cAt this time, we have not received any reports of U.S. citizens injured in the incidents,\u201d the State Department said in a statement.\n\nOn Friday, Haiti\u2019s Commerce and Economic ministries announced that fuel price increases, including a 38 percent jump for gasoline and 47 percent for diesel, would take effect at midnight.\n\nThe now-suspended decision by Mo\u00efse\u2019s government to raise prices was part of an agreement with the International Monetary Fund, which requires the country to enact a range of austerity measures."], ["[Haskell-cafe] Interest in a Mathematics & AI strike force ?\n\nHello -cafe, When I started learning Haskell, I saw the AI page [1] which aimed at creating a sound, uniform and handy framework for AI programming in Haskell. I added my name on it and thought a bit about it. I even wrote a first version of HNN [2], a neural network library, quite early in my Haskell days. I found that idea to be great but did not see any actual effort around this. So, I'm now thinking again about that and even enlarging it to mathematics & AI. Thus, I would like to have an idea of the number of people interested in being involved in such an effort. There are several tools out there on hackage but they aren't that much uniform and neither play nicely together. I'm pretty convinced this could be improved and as a Mathematics student I'm highly interested in that. If enough people are interested, we could for example set up a mailing list and a trac to organize the effort and then people could just discuss and write Haskell modules when time permits. Any comment, idea, reaction, interest ? [1] http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/AI [2] http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/HNN -- Alp Mestanogullari http://alpmestan.wordpress.com/ http://alp.developpez.com/ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://www.haskell.org/pipermail/haskell-cafe/attachments/20100503/fdf28735/attachment.html"], ["Part of his approach is strategic, said the media analyst Clare Enders, founder of Enders Analysis. Ms. Enders suggested that Ms. Brooks functioned as something of a firewall for Mr. Murdoch \u2014 a buffer against the allegations. \u201cIf she resigns, that\u2019s an admission of culpability,\u201d she said.\n\nAnd part is emotional. \u201cRupert Murdoch adores her \u2014 he\u2019s just very, very attached to her,\u201d said a person who knows them both socially. \u201cTo be frank, the most sensible thing that News Corp. could do would be to dump Rebekah Brooks, but he won\u2019t.\u201d\n\nMs. Brooks\u2019s rise has been steady, and quick. She began her career in the Murdoch media stable as a secretary at The News of the World, rising to become editor of the paper just 11 years later. In 2003, she became editor of the tabloid Sun, Britain\u2019s best-selling daily newspaper, before being promoted to her current job two years ago.\n\nFrom early on, she was known for her creative flair in getting articles and her lack of compunction in how she got them. In 1994, she prepared for The News of the World\u2019s interview with James Hewitt, a paramour of Princess Diana, by reserving a hotel suite and hiring a team to \u201ckit it out with secret tape devices in various flowerpots and cupboards,\u201d Piers Morgan, her former boss and now a CNN talk show host, writes in his memoir \u201cThe Insider.\u201d\n\nOn another occasion in her early days, furious that the paper was about to be scooped by The Sunday Times\u2019s serialization of a biography of Prince Charles, Ms. Brooks disguised herself as a Times cleaning woman and hid for two hours in a bathroom, according to Mr. Morgan. When the presses started rolling, she ran over, grabbed a newly printed copy of The Sunday Times, and brought it back to The News of the World \u2014 which proceeded to use the material, verbatim, in its own paper the next day.\n\nSuch tales have passed into tabloid legend, as has Ms. Brooks\u2019s uncanny knack for cultivating the powerful. She was a confidante of Cherie Blair, the wife of Prime Minister Tony Blair, at a time when Mr. Murdoch supported the Labour government. She broke the story of Mrs. Blair\u2019s pregnancy during her husband\u2019s premiership. When the political winds changed and Mr. Murdoch decided to back the Conservative Party, many of Ms. Brooks\u2019s Labour friends felt she had betrayed them and stopped socializing with her. Ms. Brooks simply switched friends.\n\nNow, she and her husband, Charlie Brooks, a former horse trainer, are part of a high-powered coterie that includes Prime Minister David Cameron and his wife, Samantha; Mr. Murdoch\u2019s daughter Elisabeth and her husband, the public relations executive Matthew Freud; and James Murdoch, Mr. Murdoch\u2019s heir apparent, and his wife."], ["| By\n\nOff the microphone of RE\n\nFollow us on Twitter @doomstead666\n\nFriend us on Facebook\n\nAired on the Doomstead Diner on July 22, 2015\n\nVisit the New Diner News Page for Daily Updates from around the Collapse Blogosphere\n\nGet the End of More on Amazon.com\n\nDiscuss this article at the Podcast Table inside the Diner\n\nRecently, we had the opportunity to talk with Norman Pagett, one of the Authors of the End of More, and excellent Primer for people new to the world of Industrial Civilization Collapse and Population Overshoot. Norman resides in Shropshire, England, right at the heart of where the Industrial Revolution began in the early 1700s with the invention of the Steam Engine, and its early application in pumping the water out of Coal Mines.\n\nIn this first part of our discussions with Norman, we go over the early history of the Industrial Revolution and its expansion in the early years.\n\nMuch more to come in future episodes. We have a few hours of collapse chat still to wade through and edit here. Meanwhile, enjoy our Collapse analysis of the day here on the Doomstead Diner.\n\nRE\n\nSnippet:\n\nRE: \u2026I don't know how much do you followed any of the old Dickens stories about the dirty state of London back in the early nineteenth century as a result of coal burning?\n\nNorman: Yes I do. In fact two things which expanded London and other cities as well because all of them was the go to transport that's rail transport and the output of sewage, because if you've got a city with a million people in it you've got an awful lot of sewage and you've got to get rid of it, and the only way you can get rid of it was building a sewage system which could only be built with bricks, and the heat needed in vast quantities could only came from coal. So coal firms were about sixty or seventy miles from London where the bricks were fired and they had to be transported into the city by train, and then from that they use the six million bricks to build the London sewage system, which was then pumped out from the London Centre right to the estuary on the North Sea, and then the big engines out there which pumped the sewage into the sea and was just discharged and got rid of . Now again you're talking not just about pumping the water out of the coal mines you're talking about pumping water into the city fresh water in some way and then taking sewage and pumping it out of the city. So those two processes then enable cities to start growing to much larger sizes than they had ever before and so that was a prrocess there that allowed the sytem to take off\u2026\n\nFor the rest, LISTEN TO THE INTERVIEW!!!\n\n"]]
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tests/testdata/pile_openwebtext2-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_openwebtext2": {"word_perplexity": 1.0009097839501135, "byte_perplexity": 1.000156897296766, "bits_per_byte": 0.00015688498967238415}}, "versions": {"pile_openwebtext2": 0}}
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tests/testdata/pile_philpapers-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_philpapers": {"word_perplexity": 1.000081261631864, "byte_perplexity": 1.000013132498173, "bits_per_byte": 1.3132411942494138e-05}}, "versions": {"pile_philpapers": 0}}
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tests/testdata/pile_pile-cc-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["Friday, March 28, 2014\n\nPro-Nuclear Energy?\n\nDr. Patrick Moore, Co-Founder of Greenpeace and Co-Chairman of CASEnergy Coalition, is among a burgeoning group of environmentalists who support nuclear energy development as a sustainable alternative to other forms of energy.\nThe pro-nuclear environmentalist movement is documented in the recent film, Pandora\u2019s Promise.\nThe Forum on Energy asked Dr. Moore to comment on how nuclear energy advocates and environmental sustainability groups \u2014 two historically opposite camps \u2014 now share common goals.\nForum On Energy: Has your opinion on the green credentials of nuclear energy changed or evolved as a result of recent events in the energy industry, such as the accident at Fukushima, the shale gas boom and advances in the renewable energy industry?\nDr. Patrick Moore: My opinion that nuclear energy is safe, clean and sustainable was formed in the mid-1990s during the reconsideration of energy policy in light of climate change. It is obvious that nuclear energy, when replacing fossil fuel technology, reduces CO2 emissions by more than 95 percent. Ironically I soon became highly skeptical of the possibility of human-caused catastrophic climate change, yet I still believe strongly that nuclear energy will become more desirable and necessary as time passes.My primary reasons for supporting nuclear energy are that it is superior to other technologies as a long-term, cost-effective, safe and clean source of electrical power,and in the future as energy for hydrogen production, desalinization and heating for buildings and greenhouses. As the fossil fuels are diminished, which may take longer than previously thought, nuclear energy will take on a greater role in providing the basis for powering our civilization."], ["People from both countries must return to the simple idea of discussing our problems\u2014and our solutions\u2014openly with each other.\n\nJanuary 17, 2017\n\nReady to fight back?\n\nSign up for Take Action Now and we\u2019ll send you three meaningful actions every Tuesday.\n\nThank you for signing up. For more from The Nation, check out our latest issue.\n\nSubscribe now for as little as $2 a month!\n\nSupport Progressive Journalism\n\nThe Nation is reader supported: Chip in $10 or more to help us continue to write about the issues that matter.\n\nFight Back!\n\nSign up for Take Action Now and we\u2019ll send you three meaningful actions you can take each week.\n\nTravel With The Nation\n\nBe the first to hear about Nation Travels destinations, and explore the world with kindred spirits.\n\nSign up for our Wine Club today.\n\nDid you know you can support The Nation by drinking wine?\n\nDuring Russia\u2019s extended Christmas holidays, in a town near Moscow, an unemployed man stabbed his potential employer for political reasons during a friendly meal. The employer, who owns a gas station, said that Russians live poorly because of low productivity\u2014that is, a US worker has to work 30 minutes to earn enough to buy a bottle of the people\u2019s favorite drink, while it takes 2.5 hours in Russia. This incident did not make the national newspapers or TV, and fortunately, everyone survived.\n\nPeople began talking about such politically motivated incidents in 2014, as soon as the anti-West propaganda campaign began in the mass media in connection with the conflict in eastern Ukraine\u2014there were at least two deaths resulting from drunken brawls between \u201cpatriots\u201d and \u201ccosmopolites.\u201d But then these issues were somehow forgotten.\n\nBut facts are facts\u2014many Russian citizens seem to be losing the ability to have a normal discussion about politics, our society, and the world outside Russia, even in our long-standing ironic mode. This is worrying.\n\nIt is worrying that completely literate people, competent in their own spheres, are inundating one another with filth on social media just because they do not agree on specific issues. The issues are varied\u2014raising children, abortions, Crimea, Putin, Trump, prices or housing taxes\u2014it doesn\u2019t seem to matter.\n\nThe level of ferocity of these exchanges, and the complete absence of political correctness, is off the scale, making you question the mental health of the opponents.\n\nAnother side of the issue is the total absence of any reaction not only on the part of the authorities, but also of people in show business and business in general, to criticism in the media. As Lidia Grafova, a legend of Russian journalism who spent the last 25 years fighting for the rights of migrants to Russia from countries of the former USSR, noted astutely of those in positions of power: \u201cIn response to freedom of speech, they apply freedom of listening,\u201d that is, they do not want to hear anything that journalists and human rights activists have to say.\n\nThis is happening in a country where censorship has been illegal for the last 25 years, where freedom of speech is a constitutional right\u2014the victory of perestroika and the realization of the long-held aspiration of intellectuals and writers, who dreamed of freedom for almost 300 years!\n\nIn the era of the Internet and digital technologies, when essentially nothing can be hidden for long, the misfortune is not only that the authorities don\u2019t want to hear\u2014people don\u2019t want to know the truth. Here\u2019s the most recent episode: the publication on the Internet of lists of people who were part of the mass executions in the Stalin era was met with resistance from ordinary Internet users\u2014they did not want to see the names of executioners or the details of the executions! You would think that nothing would be better to awakening our consciousness, the collective conscience of the nation, than beginning a dialogue about our shared tragic past, in order to avoid mistakes and look calmly at the future. To continue the conversations about our common future not finished in the perestroika years. But no, dialogue was not considered honorable. I think that many of my fellow countrymen have lost the very ability for discussion, surrounded by the ocean of unnecessary and aggressive information, and they are not prepared to bring it back. It is so much easier to find an enemy\u2014Europe, the USA\u2014and to blame our problems on them. Especially since our foreign opponents seem to be waiting just for that. So that they can blame Russia for all their ills. The shadows of the new Cold War have appeared over Russia and the world. That is very dangerous.\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\nI grew up during the Cold War, and I remember that time very well and I do not want it to come back. Ever. I remember the total surveillance and the limits of what was allowed, the stifling atmosphere of the time\u2014but I also remember how people on both sides of the Iron Curtain sought paths for human and creative interaction, for overcoming the unnecessary ideological confrontation.\n\nAn enormous role in that process was played by academics\u2014historians, literary critics, those who loved and valued Russian and American culture more than passing political interests. In many ways, they were the heralds and messengers of the broad dialogue of Russian and American intellectuals that began during perestroika and involved\u2014for a few years\u2014tens of thousands of the most varied people in our countries: deputies and police, farmers and municipal works, judges and leaders of social organizations, journalists, writers, artists, teachers, schoolchildren and students. This was an incredible time, as a surge of people from both countries rushed to meet one another, over the barriers, toward the future, toward the perfect and happy world.\n\nA school in Moscow that focuses on English, where my son studied, was one of the first to start an exchange program with a school in Seattle\u2014this was an unprecedented experience of friendship and learning for all the children. There were many programs like this in Russia and America in those years, and they helped children from both countries to understand one another, to learn about the multiplicity of environments that exist in our world, and I am certain these initiatives helped them also think about how to make the world better.\n\nI had the good fortune to participate in several joint projects of Russian and American specialists and journalists in the 1990s, as well as in dialogues of women\u2019s initiatives of both countries, and I think that the experience of these dialogues has not been adequately considered. This remains true even though the legacy of these dialogues could help overcome many of the current contradictions we face, including the threat of the coming (or perhaps already present?) new Cold War. It is time to recall it today.\n\nBack then, in the years of the Iron Curtain, things were simpler and more na\u00efve, and the best minds and pens of both countries competed in finding the best arguments, even as they sympathized with their opponents. It was a more honest and open game. And money did not play the most important part. And both sides wanted a true dialogue and real discussion of all the issues.\n\nToday, in the world of \u201cpost-truth,\u201d things are not as obvious. The natural impulse toward dialogue drowns in the waves of information garbage, fed by aggression and neurolinguistic manipulation. It is happening everywhere.\n\nI am ashamed and pained to see how stupid propaganda fills the minds of too many ordinary Russians, how totally normal men and women begin to think that America is the main enemy of our country and their personal prosperity. That attitude did not exist in my childhood despite the conflict in Vietnam and even the war in Afghanistan, where my peers were dying. Soviet people did not have a personal aggressive attitude toward Americans, instead there was interest, sometimes envy, and in the perestroika years, perhaps an overly romanticized perception of the American system of government and business. But there was never actual hostility, as there is today.\n\nReady to Fight Back? Sign Up For Take Action Now\n\nThe interest in personal and professional communication, in dialogue, was the main antidote to relapses of the Cold War for many years. Today that dialogue is disrupted, on both sides. That is the most frightening thing. \u201cOpen World\u201d programs are ended, professional exchanges are reduced, contacts in the humanities and the NGO world are sparse. The sanctions against Russia make any form of dialogue more difficult and threaten everyone trying to find interaction. It hurts me to hear that the American administration is planning new sanctions\u2014whom do they help? Politicians set on aggressive conflict? The military-industrial complex of both countries?\n\nThey certainly won\u2019t bring anything good to the people, merely exacerbating the situation for those who want to continue interacting. This is doubly certain in Russia. Just the fact of cooperating with an American partner will soon become proof of political unreliability, even if it\u2019s about helping sick children or protecting a rare butterfly. The new \u201chybrid information war\u201d is growing on both sides, constricting the space of possible dialogue, and that is a deplorable fact.\n\nIt hurts me to hear from my American friends that the American media are treating Russia like \u201cthe evil empire\u201d that threatens the civilized world, while there is almost no information about the lives of ordinary people and their problems, about the work of public organizations, about how people are trying to improve life and protect their rights\u2014and sometimes manage. Even serious publications sometimes fall back on clich\u00e9s and unexpected parallels\u2014for example, Gersh Kunztman\u2019s commentary in the New York Daily News, comparing the assassination of the Russian ambassador in Ankara to the murder of a Nazi official by a Jewish activist.\n\nThese episodes are probably exceptions, but they stick in my mind and leave a heavy sediment. The virus of aggression, the virus of the new Cold War, spreads like flu, and we must find an antidote.\n\nThe only antidote it seems to me is not at all what US congressmen proposed recently, calling for a new war with \u201cKremlin propaganda\u201d by creating their own counter-propaganda resource. Counter-propaganda, as many years of history tell us, is useless by definition. The only antidote is real dialogue and exchange of opinions, live interaction. Then stereotypes collapse, then come the human intonations that are absent in the mass media and in politics. Journalists and scholars are already talking about this, trying to offer an alternative to growing hostility. A new Russian-American dialogue is more than timely today.\n\nI think we have to try\u2014before it is too late\u2014to return to the simple idea of dialogue and discussion of problems in our common life, which is short for each of us. Dialogue is based on ordinary meetings of people, professionals, peers, and contemporaries. We do not have to agree on everything, but it is important to hear one another. Our interactions are criminally rare, and we don\u2019t know one another at all, despite the apparent abundance of information surrounding us. Let\u2019s try to fix this while there is still time. Let\u2019s try to hear one another. Find new platforms. Revive old ones. We won\u2019t let ourselves be used by politicians and moneybags in the name of their interests instead of our own. Let\u2019s try to insist on the need for real citizen diplomacy. And then, for sure, we will have a chance.\n\nNadezda AzhgikhinaNadezda Azhgihina is a longtime journalist, vice-president of European Federation of Journalists and a member of the Free Word Association.\n\nThe finger-pointing has become a world-wide epidemic. In the United States many liberals who at one time mocked conservatives for their devotion to conspiracy theories such as the takeover of Sharia Law or Agenda 21 are now infected with Putin Derangement Syndrome. They have created in their minds a parallel shadow government in the US whose every function is under the control of Putin. I can't help but think that social media has had a hand in this. Instead of face-to-face dialogue people now surf the web anonymously, saying whatever incendiary thing is on their minds. It's become a festival of feces-slinging.\n\n(0)(0)\n\nRoxannd Fandsays:\n\nJanuary 18, 2017 at 6:23 pm\n\nThe main drive behind the hostility we see today is the old strategy of \"divide and conquer\" by the ruling Oligarchs of the world. Within a country the ruling class may incite the common people to scream at each other, to distract them from how they are exploited and manipulated from above. On the global level today, however, \"the One-World Order\" of multinational oligarchs (as in trade deals like the TPP) conflicts with hawkish military superiority at the nationalistic level. Thus, Trump's appreciation for Putin as a fellow World Oligarch appears unpatriotic to the Homeland Hawks. The United States has a unique role to play in that it has been much more of a melting pot in its history than most other nations, so that learning to get along with fellow citizens is parallel to getting along as a nation with other nations. The most universal principle to unite us is respect for our differences within our country and internationally by what we have in common. That is, the Art of the FAIR Deal is the key, within and across nations, to neither exploiting nor being exploited. First, recognize the source within.\n\n(2)(0)\n\nJeffrey Harrisonsays:\n\nJanuary 17, 2017 at 7:02 pm\n\nI suspect you of being correct. Governments tend to have agendas that they want to push to one extent or another. That will help no one."], ["Additional info\n\nDROPS Safran is spun from combed, long, Egyptian cotton fibers. The yarn is conformed by a number of threads that are twisted together in pairs, before being twisted together again. This method results in extra durable garments with great surface properties!\n\nDROPS Safran has been on the market for many years and it's a very popular choice because of its shine, softness and many beautiful colors. The yarn can be used in projects for all ages, specially summer wear, baby clothes and accessories.\n\nMade in EU\nOeko-Tex\u00ae certificate 951032\n2\n\nContact:\n\nJoin our newsletter:\n\nWool&Woollen newsletter brings You the best offers that you wount get anywhere else:"], ["To which I replied: \u201c[They] Might be right; a majority contentedly distracted w/Kardashians and zeitgeist can be brought along; we get \u201cleaders\u201d we deserve.\u201d\n\nFournier suggested that people can watch the Kardashians and The Bachelorette and still be well-informed, but I have my doubts; I suggested that a \u201cKardashian Distracshian\u201d is precisely what our \u201cpublic servants\u201d seem to want. That got me rummaging through my archives for this post, which is all about how imperceptibly nations can change while we sit around watching tv, having our thoughts, our opinions, and even our morals tooled and reshaped without our even realizing it.\n\nTen years later, do you see it, or do you disagree?\n\nTHE ART OF THE PAINLESS COUPREPOST \u2013 Originally posted in October 2005\n\nin the WSJ that made many people unhappy; some found it defeatist, some found it reminiscent of Jimmy Carter\u2019s \u201cmalaise\u201d speech, some found it downright paranoid and semi-hysterical.\n\nI found it to be none of those things. My impression, as one Long Island Irish Catholic Girl reading another, was that Noonan is on to something, but she\u2019s not quite there with it. Perhaps that is because the next step to \u201cthere\u201d is a step any successful and credible public figure would be very cautious about taking; it is a step toward the Eternal, toward things seen and unseen. To take such a step is to risk reputation and a life-time of work. I don\u2019t blame her for not taking it.\n\nI however, am not a successful and credible public figure, and I have no reputation to risk. Like Groucho, I have no wish to belong to any club that would have me, and so I can dare to walk where Ms. Noonan could not.\n\nNoonan expressed her belief that, subconsciously,\n\nAmericans are wandering through their days with a sense of things being, \u201cOff the tracks and hurtling forward, toward an unknown destination.\u201d\n\nEverything\u2026A sense of unreality in our courts so deep that they think they can seize grandma\u2019s house to build a strip mall; our media institutions imploding\u2026Senators who seem owned by someone, actually owned, by an interest group or a financial entity. Great churches that have lost all sense of mission, and all authority. Do you have confidence in the CIA? The FBI? I didn\u2019t think so.\n\nA sense of unreality\u2026yes\u2026and illusions, too.\n\nSome might argue that what is coming \u201coff the tracks\u201d are the easy illusions of 20th century America:\n\nThe perhaps naive notions that our elected leaders actually seek office to serve the public good. That the press is interested only in presenting the truth, no matter what. That our courts are peopled with lofty higher beings and geniuses who know better than the rest of us. That our churches are both safe havens and by-ways to heaven.\n\nThere was a time in America when all of those statements would have been accepted at face value. In our nation\u2019s babyhood we believed and we trusted all the parent figures \u2013 the governments, the courts, the press, the churches.\n\nNow, past infancy, we have come to look upon those institutions with the glare of adolescent angst. We\u2019ve observed enough to understand that those in authority over us are not the paragons of perfection we\u2019d so looked up to as toddlers. We see them flawed, weak, seducable, wholly human and fallible, and like good adolescents who have caught Mom and Dad lying or stumbling drunk, we at first sneered about it and gave some voice to our sense of betrayal. Now, we\u2019re merely numb. Since our \u201cparents\u201d in these authoritative roles have proven themselves to be mere creatures, and not heroes, well, we\u2019ve turned up the volume on our ipods, buried ourselves in our trendy lambskin coats and shut our doors to them.\n\nOur older siblings are observing this behavior with a measure of satisfaction.\n\nI am not talking about our cousins across the Atlantic. I mean the \u201celites\u201d whom Noonan writes have decided to find their \u201cseparate peace\u201d in all of this. She writes: I suspect that history\u2026will look back and see that many of our elites simply decided to enjoy their lives while they waited for the next chapter of trouble\u2026\n\nYou\u2019re a lobbyist or a senator or a cabinet chief, you\u2019re an editor at a paper or a green-room schmoozer, you\u2019re a doctor or lawyer or Indian chief, and you\u2019re making your life a little fortress. That\u2019s what I think a lot of the elites are up to.\n\nHere is where I think Noonan falls a little short.\n\nThese elites are not simply milling about waiting for \u201cthe next chapter of trouble.\u201d I think in too many cases they \u2014 like troubled eldest siblings, the \u201cfirst children\u201d who have never quite gotten over the subsequent additions to the family \u2014 have been actively fomenting chapter after chapter of trouble, for some 40 years. They are complacently building little fortresses, but they are doing so for a reason. Having written all of these chapters of trouble, they are feeling quite confident that their story is solidly structured, and they are ready for the d\u00e9nouement they have planned. The anticipation of their surprise ending is making them almost giddy.\n\nThe ending, of course, is the coup d\u2019\u00e9tat. Believing that the rest of us, now disillusioned, are no longer clinging to romantic ideals of honor, or truth or nobility, these always-restless First Children, devoted to deconstruction, believe they are about to take down the presidency, the churches, the \u201cold\u201d government and even the \u201cold\u201d media. They expect to put into place something \u201cbrand new.\u201d But believe me when I tell you what they are building is older than dirt. And up from it. Which is why they will need their fortresses. Castro lives in one, too.\n\nThey\u2019ve been practicing all of this, by the way, perfecting the Art of the Painless Coup so thoroughly that most ordinary folks do not even realize what has occured.\n\nOver the past 40 years these hyperactive First Children have been pulling off small scale coups\n\nwith varying levels of success. They managed to deconstruct the academies, so that education is less a broadening of knowledge than a narrowing of perspective. They have deconstructed the liturgy to insist that a pantomime in clownface is a vast improvement over 2000 year-old sacrament and liturgy. They have deconstructed government by constructing something so huge and unwieldy that nothing coming out of it is reliable or dependable, and almost no one is accountable, either. They have deconstructed the press to the point where the truth of a story is less important than how it may be framed and spun. They have deconstructed the idea of fascism to mean \u201cthose democracies in Israel and America\u201d rather than the freedom-suppressing regimes which surround them.\n\nAnd all the while they have been busily pulling things apart, they have kept the rest of the family distracted with the television, with the radio, with the cinema \u2014 any or all of which have instantly been called into service whenever someone got a little bored and looked around, wondering what these kids were up to. \u201cAbortion?\u201d says Aunt Sally, \u201cAbortion is a terrible thing!\u201d Suddenly every news story is about the grim circumstance of illegal abortion. Suddenly sitcoms are showing the way. \u201cWell, if Maude had an abortion\u2026maybe sometimes it\u2019s a good thing\u2026\u201d\n\n\u201cFree love,\u201d sputters Uncle Jim, \u201cit\u2019s immoral! It\u2019s damaging to the family!\u201d Suddenly every film hero or heroine is having free, uncomplicated, undamaging sex, and flashing some gratuitous T and A at Uncle Jim in the process. \u201cI dunno,\u201d he smiles to Aunt Sally as he settles back, \u201cmaybe it\u2019s not all that bad\u2026\u201d\n\nExcept that Aunt Sally, having been spoon-fed her enlightenment by media\n\noverrun with these busy First Children and their co-horts, is not around to hear him. She has taken off her bra, taken the pill and several dozen lovers, she has \u201cfound herself,\u201d lost her children and moved in with her newest partner, Charlene. They own cats and attend drum circles. They protest whenever possible, because a good protest can validate almost any life-choice by pinpointing and naming an enemy, and declaring that enemy an oppressor and a villain, even if that villain is liberating men, women and children and trying to create a safer world. \u201cAn illusion!\u201d They shout. \u201cThere is no liberation, there is no safer world, there is no nobility, no honor, no truth! All lies!\u201d\n\nI will spare you the part where they strip down to their birthday suits and dance around, their sagging, pendulous breasts swaying out of sync with the drums.\n\nPART II\n\nThe First Children applaud Aunt Sally.\n\nThey love the distraction she causes as they work feverishly on their coup.\n\nI think Ms. Noonan\u2019s sense of things being \u201coff-kilter,\u201d is her own gut understanding that the painless coup is near, and perhaps she is not quite sure what might be done to prevent it.\n\nWell, one way to prevent the coup is to be utterly fearless and authentic\n\nin pronouncing the things we believe. Pope John Paul II (and Pope Benedict XVI) made enormous headway against the Painless Coup, which had gone so far as to turn our beautiful churches into bare concrete monstrosities (ready-made for quick-conversion into temples to secular reason) and he managed to reclaim the liturgy and renew appreciation for the Eucharist by repeating the truth over and over, with the reminder, \u201cdo not be afraid!\u201d\n\nThus so, we must repeat, over and over, that while illusions may well be all around us, some amorphous notions, like honor and freedom and truth, are still real. They are not just real, they are Eternal.\n\nWe must repeat again and again that imperfect as America may be\n\nthis is still the land to which \u2014 in large or small ways \u2014 every free nation owes its current liberty. This is the nation that has routinely sent its idealistic young men off to foreign lands \u2014 to die there \u2014 not for empire, not for real-estate, but for the protection and advancement of that unseen thing that is freedom, the strengthener of the human spirit, the burnisher of human potential. First Children and their motley co-horts aside, this is still the nation to which millions of creative or industrious people wish to come, it is the nation to which the oppressed call out for rescue and relief.\n\nWe must repeat, over and over, that the American Presidency\n\nis, like a papacy or a monarchy, larger than the person who occupies the office, and that it can be noble. The American President freed slaves when too many would not entertain the notion. The American President has carried the big stick used to overthrow tyrants and bullies both foreign and domestic. The American President has put his airmen to use to keep his vanquished enemies in Berlin from starving in a brutal winter, he has used his navy to bring aid after tsunami. The American President has dreamed great space voyages into reality, has opened closed markets, has encouraged a people to tear down walls. The American President has envisioned tens of millions of people raising purple fingertips to the sky, and made it so.\n\nWe must repeat, over and over,\n\nthat Liberty is the means by which we created creatures are meant to live and to grow and be. That Liberty lives in the Truth. That Liberty lives where people can speak freely, without fear of injury or reprisals. That Liberty lives only when the press is free and unencumbered \u2014 when it is detached from events instead of entwined in them. That Liberty lives when people refuse to be intimidated into silence or acquiescence, whether in the workplace or within the community. That Liberty is the fragile thing that diminishes whenever one refuses to acclaim it for oneself.\n\nIn between all of those repetitions, we must do something else, if we are to stave off the Painless Coup. We are going to have to turn away from our distractions \u2014 the television, the radio, the magazines, the talkshows, the films, the fashions, the escapist entertainment, even the internet. We will have to turn away from these empty things \u2014 to make them smaller in our lives, where they and the popular culture now loom so large \u2014 and we are going to have to get quiet.\n\nA good musician knows that music is not created only by playing notes,\n\nbut by understanding the spaces between the notes, and their value. Just so, it will not be enough to simply repeat what is true \u2014 if that is all we do, it will only add to the din \u2014 there must also be silence, in which to do our other, more powerful work.\n\nIt is a cacophony of noise that fuels so many illusions, and allows those \u201cchapters of trouble\u201d to be so deftly written. The over-stimulation of our senses has severely dulled our internal sensors. We have lost our bearings and our boundaries so profoundly that we are no longer guarded, interiorly, against scam-artists and tricksters.\n\nWe have to get those bearings back \u2014 to find our centers and get back in touch with our \u201cgut instincts,\u201d which are there for a reason. And the way to get back to the center \u2014 to our center, our \u201cgut\u201d \u2014 is through prayer and meditation and contemplation. Prayer has power. No force can stand against it. Not even the force of a generation bearing down and driving hard against everything that came before itself.\n\nCONCLUSION:\n\nIt is true that there are many illusions in the world. And on the world stage there stride some masters of the sleight-of-hand and the misdirection \u2014 you can recognize them because they are all of a mind, and of a piece, and they are all working different parts of the same trick.\n\nBut if you can recognize a trick for what it is, you can prevail against it.\n\nAnd this is where the Eternal comes in \u2014 the things seen and unseen, which I mentioned earlier. An illusionist, no matter how masterful, is still peddling an illusion. He has nothing behind him but his crossed fingers. Prayer is no illusion, and one needn\u2019t be a master to tap into its tremendous force. Even a novice may use it, although one does get stronger with practice and growth comes, for prayer is never stagnant.\n\nAunt Sally has no idea how disposable she is, or how her raised consciousness has been a mere means to an end, another illusion. In the coming denouement, she and Charlene and poor old, befuddled Uncle Jim will be equally expendable, or useful only for keeping the foodlines and the medical lines straight. They will all be outside the \u201cfortresses\u201d of the elites, with the rest of us, if the Coup is permitted, if the First Children achieve their goal.\n\nSo, it is time for the rest of us to turn off the ipods, shed the lambskin coat and come out of our self-imposed exile, ready to do battle. Things are indeed messed up and off-kilter. But no matter how much our parent figures in the government or the courts, or the churches or even the few grown-ups left in the press may embarrass us or disappoint, they\u2019re still ours. They belong to us, and the bond is forever."], ["Avery Cloud is CIO at New Hanover Regional Medical Center in Wilmington, NC.\n\nTell me how your Project S is structured, what it\u2019s designed to accomplish, and your thoughts on portfolio and service management.\n\nProject S is exactly that. It\u2019s a service management initiative in disguise. I\u2019ve tried to move away from this idea of talking in a language that means nothing to my customers. We basically took service management concepts and repackaged it into something that was explicable and digestible by our audience.\n\nWhat created the need to do this in the first place was an analysis of where we stood and our ability to meet service levels or to create customer satisfaction, also to build an infrastructure that would support the coming strategic initiatives that we saw down the pike.\n\nFor example, we\u2019re moving rapidly into full-function EMR. We knew that we have to have a structure that supports remote ambulatory care environments. We have to have different service levels for that.\n\nAnalysis showed that we just weren\u2019t set to work quite ready for that. We had a maturity study done and we had about a 1.2 level maturity against a maximum of 5. It also revealed that we need to move somewhere around a 3.2, 3.3 maturity level in order to provide the kind of services that would be required to make our organization successful. That gap represented the tools, skills, policies, standards, procedures that are necessary to deliver high levels of service.\n\nOur goal was to create stability: stability in our systems, stability in our service, stability in our satisfaction levels. That\u2019s four Ss and that\u2019s how we coined the term Project S.\n\nIs the maturity level you mentioned CMM or is there something other that you measured that with?\n\nIBM has a customized version of ITIL. They have a service level maturity or service maturity index.\n\nHow rigorous and involved was it to get that number back to tell you where you stood?\n\nIt was pretty rigorous. It was about a two-month-long analysis.\n\nYou got some help from Compuware in putting this together. What did you find you were lacking in terms of knowledge and abilities? Were there any new things that they insisted you bring to the table that you didn\u2019t already have in your shop?\n\nThat\u2019s a great question. One thing we lacked was a repeatable process. That\u2019s where adopting ITIL came to bear.\n\nAnother we lacked was skills in the right areas. We had plenty of skills, but not necessarily the presence of the right skills for the right job.\n\nWe were also lacking tools. Tools essentially mean that we weren\u2019t in a position to automate ourselves so that we could provide higher levels of service. As you well know, you can\u2019t do everything in a manual fashion and be efficient and effective.\n\nThose will be the areas that pretty quickly emerged, and that\u2019s what led us to an analysis of what our toolkit should be.\n\nWe believe in the idea of integration. Integration is something that is quite absent in many IT organizations. We tend to be the worse, we\u2019re much worse than our customers when it comes to buying one-off tools for every problem. What we try to do is buy an integrated toolkit that helps us run the business of IT.\n\nThat, in fact, was our mantra. We wanted to manage IT like a business, and therefore put in the business systems required. A good example is that we wanted to mimic our financial department, financial and HR. We have one product that manages finance and HR, and that\u2019s Lawson. It has materials management, and then it has payroll, it has financial reporting, accounting, general ledger \u2014 you get the drift. It\u2019s a well-integrated product which redoubles its ability to produce efficiency than if you had individual products for each of those foci.\n\nThat was really important to us. The system lets us embed the knowledge of experts and the systems, therefore driving a repeatable process. I said a mouthful there, covered a lot of territory, but I hope you get some sense out of that.\n\nI don\u2019t want to ask you what it cost, but how much of an effort and investment was it to move from where you were to where you are?\n\nIt\u2019s probably the biggest thing this IT organization has approached since its inception.\n\nHow did you get the support to undertake such a project in these times?\n\nIt was simply outlining the gaps between customer expectations and our ability to deliver and matching a solution to those gaps. The organization wanted those gaps filled enough that the sale was much easier.\n\nIt\u2019s kind of interesting. I had to highlight my failures, [laughs] which really is a risky and uncomfortable approach, but in fact, it is the right thing to do. I had to highlight the fact that I had a 30% drop call rate at the help desk. I had to highlight the fact that nine out of 10 problems that we encounter are called in to us by our customers rather than us notifying the customers of the existence of the problem. In other words, they find it before we do.\n\nSo you begin outlining all these things, and then you start talking about what\u2019s coming in the future, and you\u2019re going to have doctors who are going to need the services of that help desk with that low performance. You\u2019re going to have doctors who don\u2019t want to have their systems to fail when they\u2019re in the middle of a surgery. You\u2019re going to have nurses that can\u2019t administer medications to patients in pain if the barcoded med system is down.\n\nWe were able to use kind of Walt Disney\u2019s \u201cimagineering\u201d approach, just tell a story about how things are and how much better things could be.\n\nROI was not as necessary when you looked at it that way, because when you really looked at it, the case we were making was a case of staying in business. [laughs]\n\nOverall, is the end result that you have restructured the department and changed the staffing mix and staffing levels?\n\nYes. We\u2019ve done two substantial re-orgs through this process, continued to evaluate our staffing plans, and brought on a chief technology officer. We made some major staffing changes, major training changes. Our organizational processes don\u2019t even resemble what they used to be.\n\nIf you\u2019re talking to your CIO peers, what would you tell them is the key to know that you need to have this done and the thoughts to entertain before they start?\n\nI think, you know, customer\u2019s king. The key is to evaluate the customer\u2019s level of satisfaction with services being provided. You can\u2019t do that without getting very involved and face to face with the customers. So that\u2019s number one.\n\nAlso, the study of where your organization is going is vital. You\u2019ve got to forecast what are the strategic demands coming into your organization, and what are your current abilities to support the future.\n\nOne of the things I\u2019ve said quite often in team meetings is we have to future-proof IT. We\u2019re not future-proofing it against outside attack; we\u2019re future-proofing it against internal demand. The whole idea is to create an IT organization that is not a constraint to business decisions.\n\nDid the evaluation find that the IT department was underfunded?\n\nOh, yeah. There were some adjustments made there also. Probably another way to look at it is funding is not in the right places. It was not just underfunded, but the distribution of money and funds \u2014 are we spending our money on the most important services and problems?\n\nHow much larger did your operational percentage of total budget need to be to meet these standards that were laid out in the evaluation?\n\nLet\u2019s see \u2026 what was that percentage increase? I don\u2019t want to guess at it. Suffice it to say that it went up modestly. [laughs]\n\nAnd you had that commitment going in, knowing that there were things to be accomplished that might cost money, that the folks writing the check would say, \u201cYes, we\u2019ll buy those recommendations and fund them?\u201d\n\nRight. You have to prepare an organization to accept that. Obviously, marketing the project as goals and describing what it takes to meet those goals helps prepare an organization for an additional cost.\n\nI believe we really did an excellent job on not making those costs burdensome. If you really look at our budget, we have stayed at just about the same expense percent revenue. It has gone up slightly, but not enough to sound alarms. [laughs]\n\nWhat are you doing to establish relationships with your physicians?\n\nOne of the things we\u2019d done is strengthen our governance process. We have a group of physicians that are integral to our governance and decision making to represent physician needs. We\u2019re also looking for better support models for docs. We know service levels required for docs are far different than anybody else in the organization. They don\u2019t have five minutes to hang on on the phone.\n\nWe\u2019re looking for easier ways for them to communicate to us that there is an issue. They might want to simply let us know one of the keys is sticking on a keyboard. You\u2019ll never hear about that from them because they\u2019re far too busy to stop and tell you if you don\u2019t make it easy for them to do that. They\u2019re not going to pick up a phone because they don\u2019t like being put on hold.\n\nAll those things we\u2019re doing from a clinical perspective. We continue to enhance their portal. We make that their one windowpane to clinical information, or one pane of glass to clinical information is what I\u2019m trying to say. We continue to enhance the speed, we set service level agreements for response time on the full transactions that represent 80% of their work. We are spending a lot of time right now prepping up for computerized physician order entry. That\u2019s going to be a big one for them. Those are the big things.\n\nIn summary, the two most important things if you were to ask a doc is that the systems fail a whole lot less, and they run a whole lot faster.\n\nAre you doing anything specific to stimulus funding?\n\nYeah. CPOE is going to be part of the \u201cmeaningful use\u201d definition. We\u2019re working with our physicians not only in the hospital, but with community docs that are affiliated with our hospital, and even extending our reach to all the counties that we serve, and collaborating with other hospitals and their physicians to start talking about health information exchange and how we can better share information, and how we can help them achieve the maximum stimulus dollars available.\n\nWhat kind of things are you doing with the physician practice EMRs and practice management systems? How are you tooling up to get them prepared and to get your integration strategy with the doctors going?\n\nBoy, I tell you, it\u2019s essential to have a meeting before we talk about that. [laughs] It\u2019s probably one of the more interesting things I get to spend my time on.\n\nAnyway, here\u2019s our strategy in a nutshell: we are going to standardize on one system, one physician EMR that we will recommend, and we will pre-build any necessary interfaces back to our hospital systems. Therefore, if a doc agrees to select that system, and of course we can\u2019t make them do it, but if they agree to select that system they know that they automatically are going to be joined in the information sharing with the hospital.\n\nThis is also where HIE comes. We are looking for our own kind of mini-HIE for docs that might not agree to purchase that particular system, and at least provide some way for them to participate in information sharing with the hospitals that they have admitting privileges to.\n\nWe\u2019re differentiating very clearly between docs that we employ and docs that we have affiliations with, and trying to provide those two levels of service. We\u2019re really trying to work out the kinks on what is going to be our support model. Are we going to be the ASP, or is there going to be a vendor ASP involved? Might there be a hybrid model? There\u2019s still a lot of unanswered questions, but we are right in the middle of trying to sort all of that out right now.\n\nWhat would your credibility have been before you did Project S as opposed to now?\n\nThey would have run me out of town for real. Don\u2019t you write that. [laughs] They would not have even considered it because our service levels were so abysmal that there was no confidence. There was a crisis of confidence in our physician staff with IT. Rightfully so.\n\nWhat had happened was the needs of the organization had grown faster than the IT of the organization\u2019s abilities to support those needs. That\u2019s not unusual. That is the reason you have these clearly defined and measurable maturity levels for IT organizations, because you have to match up your IT organization\u2019s capabilities with your internal customer\u2019s demands.\n\nLast question. If you look back at the last couple of years, what are the smartest things you\u2019ve done as CIO?\n\nWhat a great question. Smartest thing I\u2019ve done as CIO \u2026 probably dealing with IS as an internal business. Allowing that perception to govern how I make decisions helps me make the right decisions. That would be one.\n\nAnother one would be taking no prisoners when it comes to hiring the best. I\u2019ve got to have a team of people who better and more ideas than I do. I want to be the idea vetter, not the idea creator. Surrounding myself with good people \u2014 it takes a while to finally get that figured out, but if you do that right, the rest of the job gets easier.\n\nIn terms of information systems, specific or technical things that I\u2019m proud of \u2014 I kind of don\u2019t know how to say this, because I don\u2019t know how to say this and make it print right, but I\u2019ve spent time with a particular vendor and greatly influenced their product direction. We use a product here, a bed management system that a particular vendor and I drew on the back of a napkin, and he turned it into a product. So I\u2019m pretty proud of that. I didn\u2019t get a doggone thing out of it, but I\u2019ve got a doggone good system.\n\nMaybe another way to put it is I\u2019ve always worked very hard to match a technology to a problem, and not just push technology.\n\nI\u2019ve got to share this one, too: putting in strong governance. If you want to succeed, have strong IT governance.\n\nI always liked somebody who\u2019s got a really firm vision on what needs to change without getting so wrapped up in the minutiae like hospital folks so often do, so it\u2019s refreshing to have somebody with a plan who actually made it work, especially when you get into stuff like infrastructure and staffing and IT governance, which is usually kind the Vietnam of CIOs. [laughs] You get wrapped up in all the stuff you really can\u2019t get closure on.\n\nThat\u2019s so true. I tell you, my boss and I had a long conversation. He said, \u201cAvery, what you\u2019re very good at is the visioning part of being a CIO,\u201d and he said, \u201cI really like that about you, and what you\u2019ve got to do is make sure that you have a structure around you and manage the details.\u201d Because what happens to a lot of CIOs is they get pulled down into details and never get up the 30,000 feet to see what\u2019s going on.\n\nIs that inherent in their background, though, when you\u2019ve got a lot of folks who worked to move their way up through IT, which is the argument of \u201care you better off with someone who\u2019s risen through the IT ranks\u201d, or better off to get a visionary who just lets other people worry about the nuts and the bolts?\n\nThat\u2019s an interesting debate. I\u2019ll just tell you about me: I came up through the technical ranks. I hold an MBA, but more importantly, I have an affinity to business. When people ask me about me and my job, I tell them I\u2019m a business person who just happens to know IT.\n\nI\u2019d like to think that I could run any of the departments in this hospital. A good example is that nobody is surprised when the CFO runs the pharmacy department, or the CFO runs materials management. It should be no big surprise either that the CIO can do the same, or does the same. A very good friend of mine in another hospital \u2014 he\u2019s the CIO there \u2014 runs the pharmacy down there. Another friend of mine who\u2019s a CIO runs the home care division.\n\nSo a chief information officer is not a propeller-head. A good one is a business person. You think like a business person, and you recognize the importance of your specific trained professional discipline, which is IT, but you don\u2019t let it rule you.\n\nI think there are advantages to having a technical background because it does help you understand when your people are talking to you. I\u2019ve seen the other side of the thing where the person did not come up through the technical ranks. It must be horrifying to be a person who has a strong grasp of the business but has no clue about technology, because the language we IT professionals talk on can be scary.\n\nThat\u2019s why, frankly, a lot of CEOs are uncomfortable with IT reporting directly to them. If you\u2019re not the kind of CIO who\u2019s a business person, your CEO is not going to take to you. CEOs don\u2019t want to hear about the bits and bytes and stuff.\n\nI\u2019m going to share this with you real quick. One of my crusades is to make my organization think about what we do from the customer perspective. Don\u2019t tell me that the systems are up 99% of the time. Tell me how many hours you were down, because that\u2019s how the customer looks at it. Don\u2019t tell me that the server 214 is down. Tell me how many patients are getting backed up in the ED. Tell me how many fewer registrations I\u2019m going to do per day because of this. Tell me what my impact\u2019s going to be to the bottom line.\n\nPart of our monitoring effort here is to cause our monitor to tell us what\u2019s happening in the business based on what\u2019s happening in IS. You\u2019re not seeing a whole lot of IT leaders thinking that way, and that\u2019s a problem.\n\nI really want to pick up my phone and say, \u201cYou can probably expect a two or three percent decrease in collections today because we have some stress on one of the segments on the network that prevented as many bills going out.\u201d That\u2019s a different phone call than if I called my CFO and said to him, \u201cJust wanted to let you know that your people are going to be a little frustrated because systems are running slow today.\u201d\n\nSo I think that is really what IT leaders have got to strive for, the user viewpoint, the user view of the services that IT provides.\n\nHIStalk Featured Sponsors\n\nCurrently there are \"7 comments\" on this Article:\n\nI think this is great that a CIO and a healthcare organization recognizes the value of performance for an EMR. I mean think about it, we can\u2019t just expect that buying an EMR, using stimulus money, will automatically cause clinicians to use it. We have to make sure it performs to their satisfaction \u2014 only then will we get the clinician adoption we have wanted for the last 20 years. Way to go Avery!\n\nHow refreshing \u2013 someone who realizes that all of his technology is really just a means to an end, in this case care of the patient. This is no place for egos \u2013 we\u2019re here to serve the needs of others. Sit behind a keyboard too long and that message gets lost. Kudos for keeping your eyes on the prize. With that kind of approach, you may yet end up running the whole hospital someday.\n\nYou\u2019re talking to your CIO peers, what would you tell them is the key to know that you need to have this done and the thoughts to entertain before they start? \u201cI think, you know, customer\u2019s king.\u201d\n\nThe fact that this advice seems to garner constant repetition among HIT leadership circles, especially when the \u201ccustomers\u201d are those with patient care obligations and responsibilities, should be a cause of deep reflection and introspection among those in HIT.\n\nYou said:\n\u201cI really want to pick up my phone and say, \u201cYou can probably expect a two or three percent decrease in collections today because we have some stress on one of the segments on the network that prevented as many bills going out.\u201d That\u2019s a different phone call than if I called my CFO and said to him, \u201cJust wanted to let you know that your people are going to be a little frustrated because systems are running slow today.\u201d\n\nIf the network is stressed, what about calling and having to say that patients died because the right patient did not get the right treatment at the right time? Who cares about collections?\n\n\u2018You\u2019re going to have doctors who don\u2019t want to have their systems to fail when they\u2019re in the middle of a surgery. You\u2019re going to have nurses that can\u2019t administer medications to patients in pain if the barcoded med system is down.\u2019\n\nEnjoyed reading your infomercial. You fail to clarify if electronic ordering has been implemented.\n\nIf so, what complaints are you hearing from the doctors, or is this topic off limits as in most hospitals of nondisclosure, and will you truly be honest as most hospital admins are not? Are the adverse events always due to \u201cuser error\u201d?\n\nHave you determined if there is accurate reporting of the adverse events from electronic ordering? Is there insufficient validation or doctors who are afraid to complain due to fear of \u201ccode of conduct\u201d retaliation?\n\nParticipate\n\nHIStalk has been bringing the healthcare IT industry together since 2003 with reader-contributed material such as interviews, guest articles, news and rumor reports, and Advisory Panel participation. We gratefully solicit your involvement in our efforts to educate and inform. Please see how you can become involved.\n\nNavigate\n\nSponsor\n\nHIStalk reaches a huge daily audience of provider and vendor executives, technologists, clinicians, consultants, journalists, investment professionals, professors, government officials, and other influencers. Of those, 99 percent say HIStalk influences the industry, 92 percent say it helps them do their job better, and 83 percent say it influences how they perceive companies and products. Interesting in helping both our work and yours? Contact us for an information packet."], ["Behchok\u01eb\u0300 Valentine's Day Candy Gram Event\n\nThe Tlicho Government\u2019s Community Wellness Programs Department\u2019s first year in hosting a community wide Candy Gram event for residents of Behchoko was a success.\n\nThere were approximately 154 Candy Gram orders delivered throughout the community of Behchoko, Edzo and Franks Channel. Community members were invited to participate in the \u201cValentine\u2019s day Candy Grams\u201d Event on February 14, 2019. This one-day event focused on Family, Friends, Colleagues, and loved ones. The Acts of kindness and Appreciation themes focused on \u201chelping each other, respecting each other, and developing a sense of kindness to one another\u201d.\n\nCommunity members whom participated in the event showed happiness and excitement of giving Candy grams to the special someone and the Community members that received the Candy grams showed happiness and appreciation of the of the special gifts received. The feeling of receiving the special packages on Valentines Day gave a more sense of feeling cared for, acknowledgement with in their homes, workplace, and schools.\n\nCommunity members that participated in the day event thanked the staff for such an inspiring event and stated that the Community Wellness Programs department should continue more events and programs like this; it brings the community together in positive ways.\n\nThe Valentine\u2019s Day event was successful and partly funded by the Community Wellness Programs department, Tlicho Government."], ["Journalism on Life Support?\n\nSome of the greatest freedoms in this world are the freedom of speech and press. Journalists serve a vital role in a democracy and are sometimes viewed (at least in the United States) as the \u201cfourth branch\u201d of the checks and balances system of government. Stifling speech and placing limits on the press is like dulling the teeth of a sprocket on a bicycle. Slowly things start to go wrong. The chain starts to slip and change gears unexpectedly. The bike begins to lose control. As the teeth become more dull, they lose all grip on the chain whatsoever, and it falls off completely. The bike is now out of control and cannot be pedaled.\n\nSince the Edward Snowden scandal erupted, some journalists have come under fire. Glenn Greenwald, the journalist for the Guardian who met with Edward Snowden and broke the initial NSA Surveillance stories, has come under particular heat and scrutiny from both the UK and United States governments. The Former Chief of the NSA has suggested Greenwald be labeled a \u201cco-conspirator\u201d and Congressman Peter King (R-NY) has openly claimed that Greenwald should be prosecuted.\n\nThis backlash did not deter Greenwald, who has continued to report on the atrocities that the NSA has subjected the unknowingly American people to.\n\nThe UK government, however, seems to have retaliated further, by detaining Greenwald\u2019s partner (David Miranda).\n\nDavid Miranda was held for nine hours under the UK\u2019s controversial Terrorism Act. He was returning from Berlin, where the Guardian had paid for him to travel to both give and receive documents from Laura Poitras, who has been working with the paper and Greenwald on their continuing series of stories based on the leaks from Edward Snowden. Miranda was not allowed a lawyer during the time he was being held. Police confiscated his laptop and other electronic equipment, including the thumb drive with the documents from Poitras.\n\nMiranda was detained under a controversial provision of Britain\u2019s Terrorism Act. The Guardian explains:\n\nSchedule 7 of the Terrorism Act has been widely criticised for giving police broad powers under the guise of anti-terror legislation to stop and search individuals without prior authorisation or reasonable suspicion \u2013 setting it apart from other police powers.\n\nThose stopped have no automatic right to legal advice and it is a criminal offence to refuse to co-operate with questioning under schedule 7, which critics say is a curtailment of the right to silence\n\nAs Greenwald pointed out in a statement made after his partner\u2019s detention, this will only fuel the fire for him to keep pressing further with these stories. And it should. This should be a wake-up call to journalists, press, and media outlets. The NSA surveillance programs were clearly meant to be kept secret. The intelligence sectors of the US and UK cannot be trusted to inform citizens of the truth. That is why there is a freedom of the press in the United States. This tremendous power should continue to be utilized to inform the public. Glenn Greenwald is doing a brave thing by reporting on such a controversial issue, but its his job. He is a journalist, and he is doing what he is supposed to."], ["NYU.edu requires JavaScript be enabled in your browser in order to use important features of the site. JavaScript is either disabled or not supported by your browser. For instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your browser, click here.\n\nBread Crumbs\n\nOffice of Compliance and Risk Management\n\nThe Office of Compliance and Risk Management assists New York University, as an international center of scholarship, teaching and research, to carry out its academic mission with integrity and in accordance with the University\u2019s legal, regulatory and ethical responsibilities."], ["SUNDAY MORNING APEAL WITH GIANTESS NORMA STITZ MP4 FORMAT\n\nSUNDAY's are the best s lot of people, it\u2019s in the air, and you want to move your body, touch your body parts that require more attention. Enjoy this stretch exercise with GIANTEE NORMA STITZ, massive tits up close, swing tits but not before you get a grand view of those tight pants over her nice round juicy big butt. THE GIANTESS IS DERVING YOU ACCPET NORMA STITZ MOVES LOVER!"], ["Ghost of the French Quarter Tour\n\nFounded in 1718, New Orleans has long been regarded as one of the America\u2019s oldest and most haunted cities. From her birth as a French Colony to her coronation as the Crowning Jewel of the South, New Orleans has suffered a long history of death and destruction that has threatened the soul of the city as well as her inhabitants. Floods, fires, rampant disease outbreaks, and cold-blooded murders have left a veil over the city, a veil that is often lifted when the souls of the dead return to remind the living of their tortured past.\n\nAs we approach the 300th birthday of New Orleans, one must wonder if the souls of her long forgotten deceased will soon return to participate in this gala. Will the dearly and not-so-dearly departed return once again to celebrate alongside the living? In 2010 the New Orleans Ghost Hunters sought out to answer this very question. After several years of research, they have their answer.\n\nThe New Orleans Ghost Hunters was formed through a collaboration of professional individuals who had spent their entire lives in the Crescent City. Paranormal experiences each had growing up left them with two burning questions: are ghost real and can we capture physical evidence of paranormal activity? Since their conception the New Orleans Ghost Hunters have investigated numerous residential and historical locations. Their experiences and expertise in the field has led to them hosting paranormal conventions and a local and now international talk radio show and appearing as guest speakers at Wizard Word and on T.V.\n\nThe New Orleans Ghost Hunters now reveal their long awaited answer in their \u201cGhosts of the French Quarter Tour\u201d. Join your tour guide, co-founder, and lead investigator of the New Orleans Ghost Hunters, David Laville, as he takes you on a 90 minute walking tour through the most concentrated area of paranormal activity in the French Quarter. You will journey to the scenes of infamous duels, cold-blooded murders, yellow fever outbreaks, and lost loves. Learn about the city and why those who call her home refuse to leave her even after their earthly time is up. Hear the true stories from those who have actually investigated the locations and decide for yourself what secrets the city holds. Will this be the night the city allows you to see her past?"]]
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tests/testdata/pile_pile-cc-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_pile-cc": {"word_perplexity": 1.000386521994353, "byte_perplexity": 1.0000653182368753, "bits_per_byte": 6.531610373217839e-05}}, "versions": {"pile_pile-cc": 0}}
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tests/testdata/pile_pubmed-abstracts-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["Crystal-structure and biochemical characterization of recombinant human calcyphosine delineates a novel EF-hand-containing protein family.\nCalcyphosine is an EF-hand protein involved in both Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol and cyclic AMP signal cascades, as well as in other cellular functions. The crystal structure of Ca(2+)-loaded calcyphosine was determined up to 2.65 A resolution and reveals a protein containing two pairs of Ca(2+)-binding EF-hand motifs. Calcyphosine shares a highly similar overall topology with calmodulin. However, there are striking differences between EF-hand 4, both N-terminal and C-terminal regions, and interdomain linkers. The C-terminal domain of calcyphosine possesses a large hydrophobic pocket in the presence of calcium ions that might be implicated in ligand binding, while its N-terminal hydrophobic pocket is almost shielded by an additional terminal helix. Calcyphosine is largely monomeric, regardless of the presence of Ca(2+). Differences in structure, oligomeric state in the presence and in the absence of Ca(2+), a highly conserved sequence with low similarity to other proteins, and phylogeny define a new EF-hand-containing family of calcyphosine proteins that extends from arthropods to humans."], ["Green kiwifruit modulates the colonic microbiota in growing pigs.\nTo investigate whether green kiwifruit modulates the composition of colonic microbiota in growing pigs. Thirty-two pigs were fed the control diet or one of the three test diets containing either cellulose, freeze-dried kiwifruit or kiwifruit fibre as the sole fibre source for 14-day study. A Ward's dendrogram of similarity cluster analysis on PCR-DGGE gels revealed that inclusion of freeze-dried kiwifruit and kiwifruit fibre into diets altered the bacterial community, indicating the presence of two distinct clusters. Quantification of different bacterial groups by qPCR demonstrated that pigs fed the freeze-dried kiwifruit or kiwifruit fibre diets had a significantly higher number (P < 0\u00b705) of total bacteria and Bacteroides group and a lower number of Enterobacteria and Escherichia coli group, as well as a greater ratio of Lactobacillus to Enterobacteria when compared to pigs fed the control or cellulose diets. Green kiwifruit, mainly because of fibre, modulated the colonic microbiota, leading to an improved intestinal environment in growing pigs. This is the first report regarding the effect of green kiwifruit on gut microbiota using the in vivo pig model. These results provide the first evidence of interaction between green kiwifruit and colonic microbiota."], ["Increase of stability in external fracture fixation by hydroxyapatite-coated bone screws.\nA major problem in fracture treatment by external fixation is screw loosening, which often results in reduced stability and can lead to prolonged treatment. A load-carrying experiment was conducted to determine whether coating implants with bioactive hydroxyapatite (HA) increases screw stability. Twelve HA-coated ASIF screws with 3 different macroporosities were inserted in 12 sheep that had already been fitted with a 6-pin external fixator for the treatment of a tibial osteotomy. The same number of uncoated polished steel screws served as controls. Although initial stability was not different for HA-coated screws, average removal torque after a 9-week implantation period increased with increasing macroporosity of the HA coating (p < .002). Instability of some screws was accompanied by histologic findings of cartilagenous tissue and proliferation of periosteal callus. Near the threads in the tibial cortex and in the shaft area of the screw were seen large numbers of HA particles that had been sheared off during implantation as well as during screw removal because of high contact forces between the HA coating and bone. Particulate debris of HA particles as well as the release of small bone fragments during explanation is likely to be unavoidable since HA adherence to bone is greater than adherence to steel after several weeks of implantation."], ["Interfering with free recall of words: Detrimental effects of phonological competition.\nWe examined the effect of different distracting tasks, performed concurrently during memory retrieval, on recall of a list of words. By manipulating the type of material and processing (semantic, orthographic, and phonological) required in the distracting task, and comparing the magnitude of memory interference produced, we aimed to infer the kind of representation upon which retrieval of words depends. In Experiment 1, identifying odd digits concurrently during free recall disrupted memory, relative to a full attention condition, when the numbers were presented orthographically (e.g. nineteen), but not numerically (e.g. 19). In Experiment 2, a distracting task that required phonological-based decisions to either word or picture material produced large, but equivalent effects on recall of words. In Experiment 3, phonological-based decisions to pictures in a distracting task disrupted recall more than when the same pictures required semantically-based size estimations. In Experiment 4, a distracting task that required syllable decisions to line drawings interfered significantly with recall, while an equally difficult semantically-based color-decision task about the same line drawings, did not. Together, these experiments demonstrate that the degree of memory interference experienced during recall of words depends primarily on whether the distracting task competes for phonological representations or processes, and less on competition for semantic or orthographic or material-specific representations or processes."], ["Examining young children's social competence using functional ability profiles.\nTo explore the use of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) based profiles of children's functional abilities in relation to their social competence. Subgroups based on shared profiles of functional ability were investigated as an alternative or complement to subgroups defined by disability categories. Secondary analysis of a nationally representative data set of young children identified for special education services in the United States was used for the present study. Using five subgroups of children with shared profiles of functional ability, derived from latent class analysis in previous work, regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between social competence and functional abilities profile subgroup membership. Differences among the subgroups were examined using standardized effect sizes. R2 values were used to examine explained variance in social competence in relation to subgroup membership, disability category, and these variables in combination. Functional ability profile subgroup membership was moderately related to children's social competence outcomes: social skills and problem behaviors. Effect sizes showed significant differences between subgroups. Subgroup membership accounted for more variance in social competence outcomes than disability category. The results provide empirical support for the importance of functional ability profiles when examining social competence within a population of young children with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation The extent to which children with disabilities experience difficulty with social competence varies by their functional characteristics. Functional ability profiles can provide practitioners and researchers working young children with disabilities important tools to examine social competence and to inform interventions."], ["Chimeric peptides as a vehicle for peptide pharmaceutical delivery through the blood-brain barrier.\nA new strategy for peptide delivery through the brain capillary wall, i.e., the blood-brain barrier (BBB), is the synthesis of chimeric peptides which are formed by the covalent coupling of a non-transportable peptide (e.g., beta-endorphin) to a transportable peptide that undergoes receptor- or absorptive-mediated transcytosis at the BBB. beta-endorphin was covalently coupled via disulfide linkage to cationized albumin (pI greater than or equal to 9) which, owing to it's highly basic charge, undergoes rapid absorptive-mediated transport into brain from blood. The [3H]labeled beta-endorphin-cationized albumin chimera was rapidly taken up by isolated brain capillaries in vitro and by rat brain in vivo; conversely, the BBB uptake of native [3H]beta-endorphin was negligible. The synthesis of chimeric peptides is a new strategy for solving the problem of peptide delivery through the BBB."], ["The funny current: cellular basis for the control of heart rate.\nThe 'funny' (pacemaker, I(f)) current, first described almost 30 years ago in sinoatrial node (SAN) myocytes, is a mixed sodium/potassium inward current, activated on hyperpolarisation in the diastolic range of voltages. 'Funny' (f) channels are activated by intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations according to a mechanism mediating regulation of heart rate by the autonomic nervous system, as well as by voltage hyperpolarisation. Structural subunits of native f-channels are the hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels; of the four HCN isoforms known, HCN4 is the most highly expressed in SAN tissue. The I(f) current is a natural target in the search for drugs aimed specifically at affecting heart rate, given its function in pacemaking. Increased heart rate has a negative influence on clinical outcome in patients with cardiovascular disease, and indeed is also an established risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population. Clearly, therefore, independent reduction of heart rate, through inhibition of the I(f) current, appears to be a suitable therapeutic option for patients with ischaemic heart disease.beta-Adrenoceptor antagonists (beta-blockers) reduce intracellular cAMP levels, and a substantial part of their negative chronotropic effect is therefore attributable to a reduction of the I(f) current. However, neither beta-blockers nor Ca(2+) channel antagonists, both of which have traditionally been used to reduce myocardial ischaemia, are 'pure' heart rate-lowering drugs. These agents may, in fact, have adverse cardiovascular and noncardiovascular effects.Conversely, the novel heart rate-reducing agent ivabradine is a specific blocker of f-channels, hence a selective inhibitor of the pacemaker I(f) current in the SAN. Ivabradine slows heart rate by reducing the I(f) current-regulated steepness of the diastolic depolarisation in SAN myocytes, thereby increasing diastolic duration, without altering action potential duration or causing negative inotropy. As such, ivabradine is particularly useful in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Further clinical studies are ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with coronary heart disease, left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. This short article reviews the current state of knowledge of the properties of the 'funny' current in relation to exploitation of the I(f) function in pacemaking generation and modulation for the pharmacological control of heart rate."], ["Rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, and the streptococcal connection: the role of streptococcal antigens cross-reactive with heart tissue.\nThe role of streptococcal infections in initiating the diverse clinical and pathological manifestations of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease is considered in relation to the multiple cross-reactive relations of group A Streptococcus and tissue antigens. Autoantibodies to the following shared antigens have been demonstrated in sera of patients wit rheumatic fever: (1) cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle; (2) heart valve fibroblasts; (3) neurons in basal ganglia; and (4) a group A carbohydrate-related determinant in connective tissues. Circulating autoantibodies to these different antigens were present in higher titer or occurred more frequently in patients with rheumatic fever than in those with uncomplicated streptococcal infections. A direct correlation of the presence of these autoantibodies with carditis could not be established. The pathogenetic mechanisms that link streptococcal infection to rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are not yet clear. Among the possibilities to be considered within the above frame of reference are combined cell-mediated and humoral autoimmune mechanisms directed to one or more cross-reactive antigens in the tissues, selective binding of streptococci to tissues, role of circulating immune complexes, and linkage with histocompatibility antigens."], ["Spermatic cord abscess with concurrent prostatic abscess involving the seminal vesicle.\nProstatic abscess involving the seminal vesicle has become rare following the development of effective antibiotic treatments. To our knowledge, we report the first case in the English-language literature of a patient with a spermatic cord abscess and a concurrent prostatic abscess. We examined an 81-year-old man for swelling and pain in the left inguinal region and performed computed tomography (CT) that later confirmed the suspected diagnosis of left inguinal hernial strangulation. We performed urgent surgical drainage of a left spermatic cord abscess; and under the correct diagnosis by CT, he was successfully treated further with antibiotics and transperineal drainage of a prostatic abscess extending to the seminal vesicle. We highlight that familiarity with such a rare condition is overwhelmingly essential for patient management and that CT is the most valuable imaging procedure for diagnosing such cases."], ["Neurohypophysial hormones and steroidogenesis in the interrenals of Xenopus laevis.\nThe influence of arginine vasotocin (AVT) on the interrenal secretion of the clawed toad (Xenopus laevis) was studied combining in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vivo: A single injection of 3 nmol AVT per 100 g body weight was given, and the concentrations of corticosterone and aldosterone in the serum were measured after 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr. The serum levels of both steroids remained elevated over 6 hr and declined to normal levels within 12 hr. The increase of the aldosterone concentration was relatively stronger than that of corticosterone. In vitro: A perifusion system was used to study the influence of AVT concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 50 nM on the secretion rates of corticosterone and aldosterone. The response of the interrenals was dose dependent; corresponding to the in vivo results, the elevation rate was higher for aldosterone than for corticosterone. The effects of several nonapeptides were compared. AVT was most effective, followed by mesotocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP). Isotocin and oxytocin had less effect. The selective agonist of the mammalian V2 receptor (1-deamino-8-D-arginine)-vasopressin (DDAVP) did not stimulate the interrenals, while the V1 receptor-selective antagonist ((1-beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-(O-methyl)-tyrosine)-AVP could not diminish the stimulation by AVT. Thus, the AVT receptor of the amphibian interrenal must be a special one and is different from the V1 and V2 types of mammals. In a comparison of the effects of AVT with other stimulators such as ACTH(1-28) or urotensin II, it was found that the sensitivity of the interrenals to AVT was similar to that of these peptides. The results indicate that AVT plays an important role in the osmomineral regulation of Xenopus laevis by acting on the corticosteroid secretion of the interrenals."]]
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_pubmed-abstracts-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_pubmed-abstracts": {"word_perplexity": 1.0018064430574287, "byte_perplexity": 1.0002558384895364, "bits_per_byte": 0.00025580576845068113}}, "versions": {"pile_pubmed-abstracts": 0}}
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_pubmed-central-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_pubmed-central": {"word_perplexity": 1.0000796225435762, "byte_perplexity": 1.000010410815901, "bits_per_byte": 1.0410761708785061e-05}}, "versions": {"pile_pubmed-central": 0}}
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_stackexchange-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["Q:\n\nInterpolate between observations (piecewise approximation) R\n\nI'm comparing some forecast data against actual values. The forecasts are obtained from three different providers. However, the time stamps for the actual data and the forecast data are not the same. I want to compare the error for each point where are forecast was made. \nIn the below snapshot, I'd like to get the difference of the forecast for each providers forecast from the actual value. The encircled points represent forecasts for which the actual data is not available but we can see there is a distinct trend. I think I would be okay with a piecewise approximation but i'm not sure how to do that. I've seen the answers posted in Need a R package for piecewise linear regression? but it's not very helpful. \n10-day sample:\n\n1-day sample showing the offset b/w forecast instances and actual data:\n\nsample data (for 1 day)\n> dput(dt)\nstructure(list(tme = structure(c(1516221000, 1516224600, 1516228200, \n1516231800, 1516235400, 1516239000, 1516242600, 1516246200, 1516249800, \n1516253400, 1516257000, 1516260600, 1516264200, 1516267800, 1516271400, \n1516275000, 1516278600, 1516282200, 1516285800, 1516289400, 1516293000, \n1516296600, 1516300200, 1516303800, 1516307400, 1516226400, 1516230000, \n1516233600, 1516237200, 1516240800, 1516244400, 1516248000, 1516251600, \n1516255200, 1516258800, 1516262400, 1516266000, 1516269600, 1516273200, \n1516276800, 1516280400, 1516284000, 1516287600, 1516291200, 1516294800, \n1516298400, 1516302000, 1516305600, 1516221000, 1516224600, 1516228200, \n1516231800, 1516235400, 1516239000, 1516242600, 1516246200, 1516249800, \n1516253400, 1516257000, 1516260600, 1516264200, 1516267800, 1516271400, \n1516275000, 1516278600, 1516282200, 1516285800, 1516289400, 1516293000, \n1516296600, 1516300200, 1516303800, 1516307400, 1516233600, 1516244400, \n1516255200, 1516266000, 1516276800, 1516287600, 1516298400), tzone = \"UTC\", class = c(\"POSIXct\", \n\"POSIXt\")), degc = c(2.25, 1.69, 2.22, 2.22, 1.65, 1.12, 2.22, \n1.1, 1.13, 2.82, 5.58, 7.8, 7.85, 8.43, 10.05, 10.06, 10.07, \n10.03, 8.89, 6.17, 5.04, 5.01, 3.92, 2.29, 2.29, -1, -1, -1, \n-1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1, \n-0.16, -1.13, -2.19, -2.98, -3.48, -3.86, -3.84, -2.96, -1.16, \n0.91, 2.61, 3.92, 4.84, 5.59, 6.68, 7.41, 6.82, 5.08, 3.07, 1.56, \n0.51, -0.36, -1.15, -1.86, -2.53, -0.2, -0.9, 4.1, 6.9, 8.1, \n3.6, 2.6), rh = c(0.55, 0.6, 0.51, 0.51, 0.6, 0.52, 0.55, 0.57, \n0.6, 0.49, 0.44, 0.41, 0.38, 0.36, 0.33, 0.33, 0.31, 0.33, 0.35, \n0.39, 0.4, 0.4, 0.43, 0.49, 0.49, 73, 73, 75, 75, 75, 71, 67, \n59, 52, 47, 42, 39, 37, 35, 34, 37, 43, 48, 51, 54, 58, 61, 62, \n0.61, 0.64, 0.67, 0.7, 0.72, 0.74, 0.74, 0.71, 0.65, 0.58, 0.54, \n0.52, 0.51, 0.5, 0.46, 0.44, 0.45, 0.5, 0.57, 0.61, 0.64, 0.65, \n0.67, 0.69, 0.71, 59.1, 62.6, 43.9, 36.7, 33.2, 46.4, 50.1), \n    type = c(\"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \n    \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \n    \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \n    \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \n    \"Actual\", \"Actual\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \n    \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \n    \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \n    \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \n    \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \"Provider W\", \n    \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \n    \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \n    \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \n    \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \n    \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \"Provider D\", \n    \"Provider B\", \"Provider B\", \"Provider B\", \"Provider B\", \"Provider B\", \n    \"Provider B\", \"Provider B\")), .Names = c(\"tme\", \"degc\", \"rh\", \n\"type\"), row.names = c(NA, -80L), class = c(\"data.table\", \"data.frame\"\n), .internal.selfref = <pointer: 0x0000000000120788>)\n\nI'm really not sure on how to proceed with this. I need to repeat this exercise for several datasets (a few hundred rows each) with up to 30 variables (sample data only has two). \n\nA:\n\nI think that what you are asking for is this.\nfAct = approxfun(dt$tme[dt$type=='Actual'], dt$degc[dt$type=='Actual'], )\n\nThis gives a piecewise linear approximation to the Actual values.  You can then compare this with values from the various providers. For example,\n> dt[35,]\n                   tme degc rh       type\n35 2018-01-18 07:00:00    6 47 Provider W\n> fAct(dt[35,'tme'])\n[1] 6.69\n\nSo Provider W predicts that degc will be 6 at time 2018-01-18 07:00:00. The (approximation to the) Actual value is 6.69 so the error is 0.69.\nEdit\nAs noted by @RalfStubner,  you can get a smoother (non-linear) approximation using\nfAct2 = splinefun(dt$tme[dt$type=='Actual'], dt$degc[dt$type=='Actual'])\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nHow to jump from one activity to another and set a fragment\n\nWhat i want is when i jump from one activity to another with intent it should also automatically set a fragment inside framelayout but i can't figure out how to do that any help will be appreciated.\n\nA:\n\nIf I got your question correctly, this code should help you:\nIn your first activity put this code:\npublic static final String FRAGMENTA = \"FragmentA\";\npublic static final String FRAGMENTB = \"FragmentB\";\npublic static final String FRAGMENTC = \"FragmentB\";\n\nString fragmentToDisplay = FRAGMENTA;\nIntent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), SecondActivity.class);\nintent.putExtra(\"fragmentToDisplay\", fragmentToDisplay);\nstartActivity(intent);\n\nThen in your second activity in onCreate, receive the intent and set a fragment according to the string intent:\nString fragmentToDisplay = getIntent.getStringExtra(\"fragmentToDisplay\");\nswitch (fragmentToDisplay) {\n    case FirstActivity.FRAGMENTA:\n        //FragmentTransaction to show Fragment A\n        break;\n    case FirstActivity.FRAGMENTB:\n        //FragmentTransaction to show Fragment B\n        break;\n    case FirstActivity.FRAGMENTC:\n        //FragmentTransaction to show Fragment C\n        break;\n}\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nDisable CodeRush\n\nI do not want to uninstall code rush. I just want to have the chance to turn it off when I don't want it.\nIs this possible? (express version)...      \n\nA:\n\nFirst you should turn on the \"DevExpress\" menu. This is hidden by default in CodeRush Xpress.\nSee this blogpost http://www.coderjournal.com/2009/08/show-coderush-xpress-9-2-menu-in-visual-studio/\nOnce this is done you should be able to use the Unload/Load menu option (Last item on DevExpress menu)\nAdditionally you can set CodeRush Xpress to not load fully by default..\n\nFollow these steps to get to the Startup options page:\n\nFrom the DevExpress menu, select \"Options...\".\nIn the tree view on the left, navigate to this folder:\nCore\nSelect the \"Startup\" options page.\nThis page level is Expert, and will only be visible if the Level combo on the lower-left of the Options dialog is set to Expert.\n\nOnce on this page, you can toggle the \"Load Manually\" setting to dictate how CodeRush starts.\n\nA:\n\nShift Ctrl Alt O brings up CR's options dialog - not sure if there's something useful in the Xpress version though.\n(In the Pro, the DevExpress menu has a \"Unload\" option)\n\nA:\n\nIn VS 2017 goto \n\nTools > Extensions and Updates\n\nThen you can enable, disable, uninstall the CodeRush or any other extension.\n \n\n"], ["Q:\n\nIs OAEP reversible?\n\nGiven nothing more than some integer $m =$ OAEP($M$), is it possible to recover the original plaintext $M$? In other words, without being given the hash functions or the random string used for encoding, or even the length of it.\nEDIT: This is being used in tandem with RSA, but I don't know the hash functions that OAEP usually uses with RSA; they might be public, for all I know.\n\nA:\n\nIf you know the hash functions, yes.  If the hash functions are secret, no\u2014but how would you come into a situation where OAEP is being used with a secret hash function?\nFor any hash functions $G$ and $H$, OAEP is a fixed permutation involving no secret keys.  Specifically, given a message $m$ and randomization $r$, OAEP returns $(a, b)$ where\n\\begin{align}\n  a &= m \\oplus G(r), \\\\\n  b &= r \\oplus H(a),\n\\end{align}\nwhich can be inverted by\n\\begin{align}\n  r &= b \\oplus H(a), \\\\\n  m &= a \\oplus G(r).\n\\end{align}\nSo if you have $(a, b)$ and you can compute $G$ and $H$, you can recover $m$ (and $r$).  This is exactly what RSAES-OAEP decryption does, after it completes the RSA private key operation.\n\n"], ["Q:\n\n403 forbidden on image url on production asp.net\n\nI've referred lots of site and questions, but did not find any solution. It is working on my local site but not on production.\nStructure:\n-Root\n -Files\n  -Products\n   -Product01.jpg\n -others\n   -Product01.jpg\n\nI'm able to access Product01.jpg from others folder, but when I'm trying to access image from Products it gives me an error of 403 forbidden:You have attempted to view a resource that does not have Read access..\nI've Added IUSer, IIS_IUser and NETWORK SERVICES with full access. But getting same error.\nAlso tried with allow anonymous authentication, but no luck!\nSide: All users roles have full permission.    \n\nA:\n\nOkay, I got the answer.\nI'm using IBM VPS server, So need configure as below.\nIIS > Folder >  Handler mappings  > Edit Feature Permissions > check here is enabled or not! and checked Read and Script\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nText color in TextViews of ListView setted by selector works only in \"normal\" state\n\nI create ListView and my own ListAdapter. I use simple_list_item_2. I want to change color of text for each state. There is code of dark.xml below:\n<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n<selector xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\">  \n    <item android:state_selected=\"true\" android:color=\"@color/selectedTextListColor\"/>\n    <item android:state_focused=\"true\" android:color=\"@color/selectedTextListColor\"/>\n    <item android:state_pressed=\"true\" android:color=\"@color/selectedTextListColor\"/>\n    <item android:color=\"@color/textListColor\"/>\n</selector>\n\nNext it is part of code when I try to set that functionality. I think there is a problem.\nArrayAdapter<Element> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Element>(instance, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, songsArray){\n\n    @Override\n    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {\n\n        TwoLineListItem row;\n\n        if (convertView == null) {\n             LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);\n             row = (TwoLineListItem)inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, null);\n\n             } else {                               \n             row = (TwoLineListItem)convertView;\n\n                        }\n\n        Element song = songsArray[position];\n        String data = song.text();\n\n        int dashIndex = data.indexOf(\"-\");\n\n        TextView text2 = row.getText2();\n        text2.setText(data.substring(0, dashIndex-1).trim());\n        text2.setTextSize(12.0f);\n        text2.setPadding(10, text2.getPaddingTop(), text2.getPaddingRight(), text2.getPaddingBottom());\n\n        TextView text1 = row.getText1();\n        text1.setText(data.substring(dashIndex+1).trim());                          \n        text1.setTextSize(18.0f);\n        text1.setPadding(10, text1.getPaddingTop(), text1.getPaddingRight(), text1.getPaddingBottom());\n\n        text1.setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.dark));                  \n\n        return row;\n    }\n\n};\n\nIt still works in such a way, that text has color red and it didn't change on press. Could you tell correct way? Pay attention on line \ntext1.setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.dark)); \n\nI think there is my mistake.\n\nA:\n\ntext1.setTextColor(getResources().getColorStateList(R.color.dark));\n\nThat was my problem. Now it works great.\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nHow to choose Content-Type in HTTP response\n\nI write small http server. I need to set Content-Type when I send file in response. How it should be done? Should Content-Type field be preset in some map for each file or it might be set basing on file extension? If yes, how about *.ico files that are PNG actually? \nSo what\u2019s the common practice?\n\nA:\n\nSo what\u2019s the common practice?\n\nCommon practice, for static files, is to infer the Content-Type from the file extension.\n\nIf yes, how about *.ico files that are PNG actually?\n\nThen common practice would give the wrong content-type.\nYou could override it on a case-by-case basis from a configuration file.\ne.g. Apache HTTPD would allow:\n<Files \"favicon.ico\">\n    ForceType image/png\n</Files>\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nWhy does substring expansion [ test=\"-efoo\"; echo ${test:0:2} ] fail?\n\nOn Linux Mint, using bash..\ntest=\"-ffoo\"; echo ${test:0:2}\n\nworks outputting the first two characters\nbut \ntest=\"-efoo\"; echo ${test:0:2}\n\nfails, with apparently null output.\nI'm thinking the form of this is\n${parameter:offset:length}\n\nI know enough that parameter characters cannot be *@#?-$!0_ \nbut $test is the parameter - surely its contents can be anything? I guess -e is triggering something shell-like but why..\n\nA:\n\nWhen you run\ntest=\"-efoo\"; echo ${test:0:2}\n\necho is run with the argument -e, which in some echo implementations including the echo builtin command of most bash deployments, is a valid option and is thus \u201cswallowed\u201d.\nUse printf instead:\ntest=\"-efoo\"; printf %s\\\\n \"${test:0:2}\"\n\n"], ["Q:\n\nDifference between a manifold and a sub-manifold of the same dimension?\n\nI appologize in advance in case this is a very trivial issue and for any mistakes due to translating stuff from my German lecture notes to English ...\nA subset $M \\subset \\mathbb{R}^n$ is defined to be a $k$-dim submanifold of $\\mathbb{R}^n$ with $1 \\le k \\le n-1$, if each point $m \\in M$ has the following property:\nThere is an open set $U \\subset \\mathbb{R}^n $ surrounding $m$ and an open subset $V \\subset \\mathbb{R}^n$ related by a diffeomorphism $\\Phi: U \\rightarrow V$ such that \n$$\n\\begin{eqnarray}\n\\nonumber\n\\Phi(U \\cap M) & = & V \\cap(\\mathbb{R}^k \\times \\{ 0 \\}) \\doteqdot W \\\\\n               & = & \\{ x =(x_1, ...,x_n) \\in V | x = (x_1, ... ,x_k, 0, ..., 0) \\}\n\\end{eqnarray}\n$$\nThis basically means, that $M\\cap U$ locally corresponds to $\\mathbb{R}^k$.\nA local chart of $M$ at point $m$ is given by the pair $(W,\\phi \\doteqdot \\Phi^{-1})$\nFrom another source, a k-dim manifold is described to be locally $\\mathbb{R}^k$ too and covered by a family of local coordinate systems.\nWhat is the difference between a manifold and a submanifold of the same dimension?\nIs it just that the sumbanifold is \"embeded\" into a higher-dimensional space, whereas the manifold is not?\nTo me it seems both can be covered in a very similar way by local coordinates.\n\nA:\n\nAn abstract manifold of dimension $k$ is defined by a family of charts (local coordinate systems). In particular, such a family of charts exists for every $k$-dimensional submanifold of $\\mathbb{R}^n$. \nOn the other hand, manifolds may be constructed independent of a realization in a Euclidean space, e.g., by surgery. There are 2-dimensional manifolds such as the Klein bottle that cannot be realized (without self-intersection) as 2-dimensional submanifold of $\\mathbb{R}^3$. \nThe Whitney embedding theorem says that a $k$-dimensional manifold can be diffeomorphically embedded into $\\mathbb{R}^{2k}$ iff its topology is Hausdorff and second countable. Thus the concept of an abstract manifold is slightly more general than a submanifold but the collection of nice examples is the same (up to diffeomorphisms). \nNote that there may be multiple differentiable structure on the same manifold considered as a topological space. Examples are exotic spheres. \n\n"], ["Q:\n\nScraping through on Wiki using \"tr\" and \"td\" with BeautifulSoup and python\n\nTotal python3 beginner here. I can't seem to get just the name of of the colleges to print out.\nthe class is no where near the college names and i can't seem to narrow the find_all down to what i need. and print to a new csv file.  Any ideas?\nimport requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\nimport csv\n\nres= requests.get(\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivy_League\")\nsoup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, \"html.parser\")\ncolleges = soup.find_all(\"table\", class_ = \"wikitable sortable\")\n\nfor college in colleges:\n    first_level = college.find_all(\"tr\")\n    print(first_level)\n\nA:\n\nYou can use soup.select() to utilize css selectors and be more precise:\nimport requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n\nres= requests.get(\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivy_League\")\nsoup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, \"html.parser\")\n\nl = soup.select(\".mw-parser-output > table:nth-of-type(2) > tbody > tr > td:nth-of-type(1) a\")\nfor each in l:\n    print(each.text)\n\nPrinted result:\nBrown University\nColumbia University\nCornell University\nDartmouth College\nHarvard University\nUniversity of Pennsylvania\nPrinceton University\nYale University\n\nTo put a single column into csv:\nimport pandas as pd\npd.DataFrame([e.text for e in l]).to_csv(\"your_csv.csv\") # This will include index\n\n"]]
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_stackexchange-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_stackexchange": {"word_perplexity": 1.0016715437659054, "byte_perplexity": 1.0002336805385617, "bits_per_byte": 0.00023365323951732091}}, "versions": {"pile_stackexchange": 0}}
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_ubuntu-irc-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_ubuntu-irc": {"word_perplexity": 1.0000087375578288, "byte_perplexity": 1.0000013033648956, "bits_per_byte": 1.3033640461398495e-06}}, "versions": {"pile_ubuntu-irc": 0}}
\ No newline at end of file

tests/testdata/pile_uspto-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["There are three important subpopulations of T Lymphocytes (T cells): helper T cells, which interact with B cells to amplify production of antibody; effector T cells, which carry out the direct cell-killing function of T cells and make certain lymphokines (non-antibody products) which are responsible for delayed hypersensitivity; and supressor T cells, which participate in the regulation of both antibody-medicated and cell-mediated immunity.\nT cells must be activated before any of these forms of activity are expressed. Usually the activation follows from exposure to antigen, but other less specific factors such a interleukin 2 are also believed to participate in the activation of T cells.\nUsually there is a latent period of around a week to 10 days after first exposure to antigen before the T cells develop initial reactivity. Shortly after that the reactivity subsides. Upon a second contact with antigen, T cells show an accelerated memory response with high activity developing within 2-5 days.\nThe addition of antigen to cultured lymphocytes induces a small proportion of T cells to differentiate into the large rapidly dividing blast cells. T cells can also be transformed by culturing them together with the lymphocytes of individuals of the same species, a so-called mixed lymphocyte culture. Because of extensive polymorphism at HLA loci, the two cell populations are virtually always different antigenically and they stimulate each other to undergo blast transformation. For example, isolated blood lymphocytes from recipient and prospective donor are maintained together for several days in tissue culture. Blast transformation occurs if allogenic cells are present. This process may be referred to as alloactivation. Mixed lymphocyte cultures may be established by treating one set of cells in a manner that prevents blast transformation of that set of cells such as irradiating the cells.\nA T lymphocyte will recognize an antigen only if the antigen is properly presented by a presenting cell which in many cases is a macrophage. The antigen must be presented juxtaposed to a compatible Ia molecule, a surface molecule coded for by one of the class I transplantation or histocompatibility genes. In man, there are at least two distinct families of Ia molecules encoded by mixed lymphocyte culture genes, HLA-DR and MT or DS. These genes control the formation of the specialized complementary Ia structures on the surface of a presenting cell and the T cells that provide for proper presentation of antigens. T cells may interact with B cells, or other T cells, if the cell possesses complementary Ia structures and if it recognizes the same antigenic determinant or a different determinant on the same antigenic molecule.\nDuring the process of activation, T cells develop new surface antigens, so-called T cell activation antigens. Most of these T cell activation antigens, however, are not T cell specific. For example, the transferrin receptor, the insulin receptor and the 4F2 antigen appear on proliferating cells of many types. Only one T cell activation antigen, Tac (Interleukin-2 receptor), is found only on activated T cells.\nThe kinetics of antigen appearance on activated T cells has been studied in order to gain some insight into the function of these molecules. Cotner et al. examined the kinetics of appearance of several T cell antigens and found that each exhibited a characteristic and reproducible time of appearance (9). Based upon this, the antigens could be classified as early, intermediate or late appearing antigens.\nThe relevancy of various cell surface markers to the functional heterogeneity of alloreactive T cell clones has been examined and the rearrangement of the T B-chain gene of the antigen receptor in wild and mutant variants of clones with altered phenotypes and function compared (7). BALB/C mice have been immunized with helper T cell clones to produce two monoclonal antibodies which detect distinct cell surface molecules associated with T cell helper activity and with the production of T replacing factor (8).\nThe 4F2 antigen, Tac, the 49.9 antigen and the transferrin receptor appear within 24 hours of mitogen stimulation, before the onset of DNA synthesis, and are classified as early antigens. Early appearing antigens may be associated with cell growth. The HLA-DR antigen and the 19.2 antigen (Ia antigen) do not appear until about 72 hours after activation and are classified as late antigens. Expression of the OKT 10 antigen by activated T cells is intermediate.\nThe molecule or molecules associated with T cell helper function are unknown. Human helper T cells are defined as lymphocytes which express the T4 surface antigen, a T cell specific glycoprotein molecule expressed by cells which recognize and are restricted by major histocompatibility complex class II antigens. This molecule is also found on killer and suppressor lymphocytes suggesting that the T4 molecule is not involved in helper function. Similarly, the T cell antigen receptor does not seem to be involved in any specific T cell function because the gene which encodes the B-chain of the receptor is rearranged and expressed by helper, suppressor and cytotoxic T cells."], ["1. Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates generally to a solenoid valve. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the solenoid valve to achieve a desired flow rate.\n2. Description of the Related Art\nSolenoid valves are used in a multitude of various operations. One use is the automotive industry wherein a solenoid valve is used in conjunction with a vapor canister in a vehicle emission system. For instance, under normal operating conditions, fuel vapors from the vehicle's fuel tank are stored in the vapor canister. The canister is purged by drawing fresh air through the canister into the intake manifold of the engine. Purging the canister disrupts optimum air-fuel ratio and may result in inefficient operation of the engine. Thus, a solenoid valve is used to control the flow rate of fuel vapor being drawn from the vapor canister into the intake manifold.\nModern engines are tightly tuned for optimum operating performance. The amount of canister purge vapor entering the intake manifold is controlled by the solenoid. The solenoid valve is turned on and off or cycled based on various operating parameters. The duty cycle or percentage of time that the solenoid valve is open regulates the flow of fuel vapors being purged from the canister.\nVarious types of control systems to control or regulate the desired flow of fuel vapor from the vapor canister are known. One type of system controls operation of the solenoid valve through a duty cycle pulse width modulation. Duty cycle pulse width modulation control systems use from 5 to 100 percent of the duty cycle to vary the flow. Such systems fail to provide the flexibility necessary to control and, more specifically, regulate flow at both the low and high ends of the duty cycle. For instance, the slope of the flow rate versus percent duty cycle for optimum low end control may not be suitable for high end flow and vice versa.\nThus, it is advisable to have a control system which provides optimum flow control characteristics throughout the entire range of the duty cycle. For instance, the flow rate may be modified independently of the duty cycle wherein the overall slope of the flow rate with respect to the duty cycle may change for various percentages of duty cycle.\nAnother type of control system uses a current signal to actuate an armature so that flow is proportional to current. These control systems tend to have more hysteresis and are not useful for the initial 25 percent of the full scale signal."], ["Existing communications methods and systems are overly power hungry and/or spectrally inefficient. Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditional approaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, through comparison of such approaches with some aspects of the present method and system set forth in the remainder of this disclosure with reference to the drawings."], ["In many applications, such as radar warning receivers (RWRs), there is a need to detect short-pulse signals with high probability.\nFrequency-swept detectors and spectrum monitors are not well-suited to being short-pulse signal detectors since they suffer low dwell times in each frequency band.\nShort-pulse signals can be detected using a digital instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) technique based on an analogue frequency discriminator and reference is made to P. L. Herselman and J. E. Cilliers: \u201cA Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Technique using High-Speed Analogue-to-Digital Converters and Field Programmable Gate Arrays\u201d (2007). A conventional frequency discriminator typically comprises a splitter, a delay line, a mixer and a low-pass filter. Using the splitter, delay line and mixer, an input signal is mixed with a delayed copy. The product is fed through a low-pass filter. The frequency of a single input tone can be found using a look-up table. However, one drawback of such a system is that it can \u201cblinded\u201d by an extra input tone. Another drawback is that such a system tends to suffer from having a limited dynamic range.\nUS 2011/0053538 A1 describes a high-speed frequency sensor. The sensor comprises a plurality of filters allowing passage of signals over a different band of frequencies and a plurality of detectors, each associated with a respective filter. If the incident RF signal results in a signal in the band of frequencies passed by a particular filter, the detector associated with that filter generates an output signal. This indicates in which of the frequency bands the incident RF signal has been detected. The precision of the frequency estimate is limited to one bin per filter, that is, the sensor determines only a range of frequencies within which the single frequency exists, the range being equal to the band of frequencies passed by the filter."], ["The invention relates to a method for decontaminating nuclear reactors employed to generate electric power and more particularly to a method for performing full system decontaminations on boiling water reactors.\nDuring on-line power generating operations of commercial boiling water nuclear reactors, thin layers of metal oxides tend to build up on the internal surfaces of vessels and other components and piping in contact with circulating primary coolant (essentially high temperature water). Activated metal ions in the central core regions in reactor pressure vessels are entrained in the primary coolant and then are absorbed in the metal oxides, which results in relatively high radiation levels on these surfaces. It is desirable to reduce the radiation levels to xe2x80x9cAs Low As Reasonably Achievablexe2x80x9d levels in order to reduce the exposure of personnel working near the reactors during periodic plant outages and/or plant decommissioning operations. Thus, the industry may employ one or a combination of various known chemical decontamination treatments, e.g., acid permanganate, alkaline permanganate, Citrox, CAN-DEREM, LOMI and/or other processes, in order to dissolve or break up the oxide films. Conventionally, these decontamination processes involve the addition of permanganate, oxalate, citrate, EDTA and/or other ions to the primary coolant to form decontamination solutions and then the circulation of the solutions through the components to be decontaminated. In addition to removing the oxide layers, it may be desirable to remove several microns of base metal in order to better protect personnel during decommissioning processes. Dilute chemical decontamination solutions generally contain less than about 3-5% by weight of such decontamination agents. Chemical decontaminations may be performed upon full primary coolant systems or upon selected subsystems. Full system decontaminations are the preferred approach when the goal is to reduce dose rates on multiple subsystems throughout the plants. In addition, full system decontamination processes are generally performed with nuclear fuel assemblies out of the central core regions of the reactor pressure vessels, but the fuel assemblies may be retained in the central core regions in some cases.\nThe activated metal ions that are removed from the internal surfaces of the primary coolant systems in the course of the decontamination operations are collected on cation exchange resins. The activated resins must then be removed to remote disposal sites.\nThe majority of the activated oxide deposits in boiling water reactor primary coolant systems are located in the central core regions of reactor pressure vessels. These deposits do not substantially contribute to personnel exposure. Thus, it would be very desirable to decontaminate only those systems that substantially contribute to personnel exposure and bypass the central core regions. This would substantially reduce the total exposure of personnel while reducing resin and disposal costs.\nIt is an object of the present invention to decontaminate a portion of a reactor pressure vessel in a boiling water reactor and its appurtentant recirculation system while bypassing its central core region. It is a further object to substantially decontaminate a boiling water reactor with lower overall personnel exposures to radiation and lower resin costs.\nWith these objects in view, the present invention resides in a method of decontaminating a boiling water reactor having a plurality of reactor recirculation loops hydraulically connected in parallel with a reactor pressure vessel. Such a reactor pressure vessel has: a central core region; an annulus region surrounding the central core region and in hydraulic communication with the recirculation loops; and a lower internals region in hydraulic communication with the central core region. In the practice of the present invention, a decontamination solution is circulated through at least one of the reactor recirculation loops and the annulus region of the pressure vessel without circulating through the central core region. In a preferred practice of the present invention, the decontamination solution also circulates between the annulus region and the lower internals region without circulating through the central core region. Thus, a boiling water reactor can be substantially decontaminated while reducing overall personnel exposure and generating less resin wastes."], ["1. Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to a hydraulic circuit, and in particular to a hydraulic circuit including an accumulator having an inflow passage which introduces a hydraulic fluid which is discharged from a hydraulic pump into a hydraulic fluid chamber and a discharge passage which discharges the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic fluid chamber to a hydraulic actuator.\n2. Description of the Related Art\nAn example of this type of hydraulic circuit is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2576998. In the disclosed hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic fluid which is discharged from a hydraulic pump is introduced into a hydraulic fluid chamber of an accumulator through an inflow passage, and then the hydraulic fluid is discharged from the hydraulic fluid chamber of the accumulator to a hydraulic actuator such as a hydraulic booster through a discharge passage. As a result, pulsations of the hydraulic fluid discharged from the hydraulic pump are securely decreased by the operation of the accumulator.\nIn the case where an accumulator which operates when the pressure in a hydraulic fluid chamber is at least a set pressure is used to decrease pulsations of the hydraulic fluid discharged from a hydraulic pump, in a transient period until the pressure in the hydraulic fluid chamber reaches the set pressure, the accumulator does not operate, and pulsations of the hydraulic fluid which is discharged from the hydraulic pump cannot be decreased."], ["Systems that network voicemail systems to facilitate a distributed office, include, without limitation, networks by Cisco\u00ae, Advanced Voice\u00ae, etc. Networks like that of Cisco\u00ae have included voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) communications. However, prior networked voicemail systems do not transfer the session of the caller from one system to another system of the network using speech VoIP to transfer the session. Instead, prior systems transfer messages or calls but not the entire session. Accordingly, since the entire session is not transferred, the caller typically cannot speak to several people at the distant location, leave messages for several people at the location, broadcast messages at the location, etc. all as though they were at the other location.\nIn view of the above, there is a continuing need for a network of attendant, messaging and content-based speech systems to facilitate a distributed office wherein each system can transfer a session of a caller to another system at a distant location so that the caller can speak to several people at the distant location, leave messages for several people at the location, broadcast messages at the location, etc. all as though they were at the other location.\nAdditionally, there is a continuing need for a network of self-synchronizing attendant, messaging and content-based speech systems that automatically updates other systems in the network with extension database additions, deletions or other changes.\nAs will be seen more fully below, the present invention is substantially different in structure, methodology and approach from that of the prior e-trading systems and methods."], ["Vehicle windows (e.g., windshields, backlites, sunroofs, and sidelites) are known in the art. For purposes of example, vehicle windshields typically include a pair of bent glass substrates laminated together via a polymer interlayer such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB). It is known that one of the two glass substrates may have a coating (e.g., low-E coating) thereon for solar control purposes such as reflecting R and/or UV radiation, so that the vehicle interior can be more comfortable in certain weather conditions. Conventional vehicle windshields are made as follows. First and second flat glass substrates are provided, one of them optionally having a low-E coating sputtered thereon. The pair of glass substrates are washed and booked together (i.e., stacked on one another), and then while booked are heat bent together into the desired windshield shape at a high temperature(s) (e.g., 8 minutes at about 600-625 degrees C.). The two bent glass substrates are then laminated together via the polymer interlayer to form the vehicle windshield.\nInsulating glass (IG) window units are also known in the art. Conventional IG window units include at least first and second glass substrates (one of which may have a solar control coating on an interior surface thereof) that are coupled to one another via at least one seal(s) or spacer(s). The resulting space or gap between the glass substrates may or may not be filled with gas and/or evacuated to a low pressure in different instances. However, many IG units are required to be tempered. Thermal tempering of the glass substrates for such IG units typically requires heating the glass substrates to temperature(s) of at least about 600 degrees C. for a sufficient period of time to enable thermal tempering.\nOther types of coated articles also require heat treatment (HT) (e.g., tempering, heat bending, and/or heat strengthening) in certain applications. For example and without limitation, glass shower doors, glass table tops, and the like require HT in certain instances.\nDiamond-like carbon (DLC) is sometimes known for its scratch resistant properties. For example, different types of DLC are discussed in the following U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,303,226; 6,303,225; 6,261;693; 6,338,901; 6,312,808; 6,280,834; 6,284,377; 6,335,086; 5,858,477; 5,635,245; 5,888,593; 5,135,808; 5,900,342; and 5,470,661, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.\nIt would sometimes be desirable to provide a window unit or other glass article with a protective coating including DLC in order to protect it from scratches and the like. Unfortunately, DLC tends to oxidize and burn off at temperatures of from approximately 380 to 400 degrees C. or higher, as the heat treatment is typically conducted in an atmosphere including oxygen. Thus, it will be appreciated that DLC as a protective overcoat cannot withstand heat treatments (HT) at the extremely high temperatures described above which are often required in the manufacture of vehicle windows, IG window units, glass table tops, and/or the like. Accordingly, DLC cannot be used alone as a coating to be heat treated, because it will oxidize during the heat treatment and substantially disappear as a result of the same (i.e., it will burn off).\nCertain other types of scratch resistant materials also are not capable of withstanding heat treatment sufficient for tempering, heat strengthening and/or bending of an underlying glass substrate.\nAccordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a need in the art exists for a method of making a scratch resistant coated article that is capable of being heat treated (HT) so that after heat treatment the coated article is still scratch resistant. A need for corresponding coated articles, both heat treated and pre-HT, also exists."], ["1. Technical Field\nThe present disclosure relates to positioning assemblies, and particularly, to a positioning assembly having a fastener.\n2. Description of the Related Art\nElectronic devices such as flat panel TVs often defines a mounting hole in a rear face to enable wall mounting. When the electronic device is to be mounted, a threaded member is partially received in a threaded hole in the wall and also partially received in the mounting hole in the rear face. However, the threaded member is prone to detachment since the allowable length thereof is limited.\nTherefore, there is room for improvement within the art."], ["Control of the temperature of reactions within an acceptable range has been widely investigated and the chemical industry has devised several arrangements, those commonly used being discussed in standard references and texts, e.g. one might consider the general teachings by Octave LEVENSPIEL in Chapter 19 of Chemical Reaction Engineering (published by John Wiley & Sons).\nThe prior art includes a conventional reactor designed to offer more control over the reactant temperature and this is known as the staged adiabatic packed bed reactor. This system uses an arrangement wherein a number of discrete, spaced apart zones of reaction are provided with means therebetween to control the temperature of the products leaving a first zone of reaction prior to entering the next reaction zone. No heat exchanging means is provided to control the temperature of the reaction in the zones of the reaction. Thus the reactant fluid entering the reactor at a desired temperature passes through a packed bed containing catalyst. Upon exiting this first stage, the reactant gas and any products will have a temperature higher or lower than that of the initial temperature depending upon the reaction thermal characteristics. A heat exchanger then heats or cools the reactant gas to a second desired temperature, which may or may not be equivalent to the temperature of the first, before passing to the next packed bed i.e. the second stage. This sequence is repeated until the desired conversion is obtained. Thus the temperature profile of the reaction will be stepped within an acceptable range of temperature, and will therefore not be truly isothermal.\nThe preferred heat exchanger panel for the purposes of the invention is one formed from a plurality of plates superposed and diffusion bonded to form a stack of plates, wherein fluid passages are defined in said stack by virtue of a pre-treatment of said plates wherein each plate is selectively configured to provide channeled or blank surfaces according to the desired pattern of fluid passages by a treatment to remove surface material e.g. by chemical etching, or hydraulic milling, or the like process to a desired depth. Optionally the chemical treatment may be augmented by a mechanical treatment using a suitable tool.\nSuch a pre-treatment of the plates is conducted in a manner analogous to manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and for this reason the heat exchanger design can be described as a printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE). The application of the diffusion bonding technique for metal plates is well understood in the art of metal working and is applied for a variety of purposes e.g. in medical prosthesis manufacture.\nThis design of the PCHE has been proven by the designers of the proposed PCR system since 1985 when these compact heat exchangers were first introduced.\nA PCR type of reactor was designed by the present applicants and is the subject of a separate patent application (Ref:32 46271 WO-). Such a reactor is formed to provide at least one reaction zone, bounded by a heat exchanger formed from a plurality of plates superposed and diffusion bonded to form a stack of plates, wherein fluid channels are defined in said stack by virtue of pre-treatment of said plates wherein each plate is selectively configured according to the desired pattern of channels by a chemical treatment to remove surface material e.g. by chemical etching, to a desired depth. The fluid channels defined in the stack provide the opportunity to arrange for various reactant fluids to be conveyed in channels arranged in a heat exchange relationship with discrete channels containing at least one auxiliary fluid for controlling the temperature of the reactants.\nConsidering the example of a known ammonia converter, for a given ammonia content in the reactants there is a temperature for which the desired reaction rate is at a maximum. This is because the rate of synthesis of ammonia is the net result of the competing rates of the forward and reverse reactions. Consequently, by monitoring and controlling the temperature, it is possible to determine a temperature that favours the forward production reaction more than the reverse product dissociation reaction. In fact it is found that whilst increased temperature generally causes an increase in reaction, and indeed the desired forward product formation reaction rate increases favourably with temperature, at a certain approach to equilibrium conditions the concurrent increased rate of the reverse reaction begins to dominate, and to slow the overall synthesis rate. Maximum conversion in a bed of given size is therefore achieved if conditions remain on the maximum rate line. This is shown graphically in FIG. 1.\nAmmonia synthesis typically takes place at high pressures, greater than 100 bar and therefore creating bed volume is relatively expensive. Furthermore, the catalyst itself is costly. Consequently, an important element of ammonia synthesis reactor design is to attempt to maintain the bed conditions as closely as possible to the maximum reaction rate line, and hence to maximise the rate of ammonia synthesis in a bed of a given size.\nVarious approaches have been taken to achieving this result, mainly falling into the categories of:\n1. Quench-cooled multi-bed converters, in which cold reactant feed is injected between beds of catalyst,\n2. Tube-cooled converters, in which tubes carrying cold reactant are embedded in the catalyst bed, and\n3. Indirectly cooled multi-bed exchangers, in which heat is extracted from the hot reactants passing between beds in heat exchangers cooled by cold reactant feed.\nAn example of a quench type converter is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,663,179 wherein there is provided a vertically oriented container or reactor vessel, which is provided with an internal catalyst basket in which a bed or charge of catalyst particles is disposed. The basket is spaced from the container wall, and the feed fluid stream such as synthesis gas is passed onto the lower portion of the container and external to the basket. The feed fluid rises through the annular space between the basket and the container wall, and thus serves to cool the container and act as insulation against the thermal effects or hot spots generated within the catalyst bed. The rising warmed feed fluid stream is then heated to a suitable catalysis temperature by an internal heat exchanger. The hot fluid then flows to the catalyst bed in which the reaction takes place.\nA perforated pipe is disposed in the catalyst bed, and a cold quench fluid, which may be of a composition comparable to the feed stream is passed through the pipes and distributed into the hot reacting gas within the catalyst bed, to provide a cooling effect and thereby moderate the catalytic reaction.\nAmmonia synthesis is exothermic, typically operating in the 350\u00b0 C. to 500\u00b0 C. range, and the conversion factor is relatively low, typically less than 20%. As a result, it is possible for the cold feed stream to the reactor to be used to extract the reaction heat, at the same time preheating the cold feed stream to the required reaction temperatures. It is conventional practice to use the feed stream as a cooling medium in this way in ammonia converters. Related documents U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,669 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,680 describe such a converter in which the cold feed stream is used to extract the reaction heat and also includes a cold feed bypass line such that a controllable volume of the cold feed stream can by-pass the heat exchangers and therefore better control of the reactant temperature can be achieved.\nThis converter is an example of an indirectly cooled multi-bed exchanger as briefly outlined at point 3 above. It is an approach to bed cooling that is generally preferred by those in the art. In prior art converters though, only a very crude tracking of the maximum reaction rate curve is achievable in the reactor, due to the difficulties in cost-effectively arranging for more than two beds with inter-cooling by the feed stream. The general form of the temperature profile achieved with the common two-stage arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 2. The proposal outlined in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,230,669 and 4,230,680 mentioned above actually has three catalyst beds, but even so performance leaves room for improvement and the design cannot be considered compact.\nOther examples of ammonia converters are described in the publication \u201cAmmonia and Synthesis Gas, Recent and Energy-saving Processes\u201d edited by F J Brykowski and published by Noyes Data Corporation in 1981.\nAn object of the present invention is to provide an improved reactor design, particularly one that is useful for the purposes of ammonia conversion and the like reactions, and is furthermore of a relatively compact design."]]
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tests/testdata/pile_uspto-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_uspto": {"word_perplexity": 1.0008208744663858, "byte_perplexity": 1.0001295237013843, "bits_per_byte": 0.00012951531391398432}}, "versions": {"pile_uspto": 0}}
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tests/testdata/pile_wikipedia-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["The Abbey Road Sessions\n\nAbbey Road sessions or The Abbey Road Sessions may refer to:\n\n Abbey Road Sessions, a 1997 live solo album by Mike Peters\n Abbey Road Sessions, music recording sessions conducted at Abbey Road Studios\n The Abbey Road Sessions (DVD), a 2006 live DVD by Donavon Frankenreiter\n The Abbey Road Sessions (EP), a 1999 EP by Embrace\n The Abbey Road Sessions (Kylie Minogue album), 2012\n The Abbey Road Sessions (Ian Shaw album), 2011\n The Abbey Road Sessions/The Walk, a 2005 album by Steven Curtis Chapman\n\nSee also \n Abbey Road (disambiguation)"], ["Falling-sand game\n\nA falling sand game is a type of particle simulation video game. They allow the user to place particles of different elements on a \"canvas\". The particles can interact with other particles in various ways, and may be affected by gravity, in some games. Many complex effects may be achieved. Many versions of the Falling Sand Game have been written since its introduction in 2005.\n\nHistory\nThe original game first appeared as a web-based Java applet on the Dofi-Blog (Japan) in 2005.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n PC World\n Falling Sand Game Wiki and Forums\n The Powder Toy\n The Powder Toy Snapshots\n The Powder Toy Korean Community\n VSand\n PowderGdi\n Project Sand\n\nCategory:Online games\nCategory:Java platform games\nCategory:Flash games\nCategory:Simulation video games\nCategory:Video game genres"], ["John Delaney (lawyer)\n\nJohn Delaney (born 19 April 1964) is a Bahamian lawyer.\n\nJohn Delaney graduated with an LLB in law from Birmingham University in 1986, studied for the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, and graduated with an LLM in law from the London School of Economics in 1988. He was called to the Bahamas Bar in 1987. \n\nDelaney was sworn in as Attorney General and Minister of Legal Affairs of The Bahamas in 2009. He has already been appointed to the Senator of the Bahamian Parliament by the Governor-General. He held the office of Attorney General until 2012, when he returned to private legal practice.\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1964 births\nCategory:Alumni of the London School of Economics\nCategory:Alumni of the University of Birmingham\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Government ministers of the Bahamas\nCategory:Members of the Senate of the Bahamas\nCategory:Bahamian lawyers\nCategory:Attorneys General of the Bahamas\nCategory:20th-century Bahamian lawyers"], ["Christopher M. S. Johns\n\nChristopher M. S. Johns (born April 13, 1955) is an American art historian, and the Norman L. and Roselea J. Goldberg Professor of History of Art at Vanderbilt University, who specializes in eighteenth-century Italian art, decorative art, material culture, and architecture.  He is the leading scholar on early modern Italian art and culture, especially the relationship between art, politics, and religion.\n\nLife\nJohns received his BA from Florida State University where he majored in art history and history. He received his MA and PhD in art history from the University of Delaware. He began his teaching career at the University of Virginia as an assistant professor of art history in 1985. He has been the Norman L. and Roselea J. Goldberg Professor of History of Art at Vanderbilt University since 2003.  \n\nHe was a member of the organizing committees for the exhibitions \"The Splendor of Eighteenth-Century Rome\" (Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 2000) and \"Art of the Ges\u00f9: Bernini and His Age\" (Fairfield Museum of Art, 2018), and a member of the consultative committee for the exhibition \"Pompeo Batoni\" (Palazzo Ducale, Lucca, Italy, 2008-2009).  \n\nRecognition of his academic achievements includes numerous visiting professorships, scholarly residences, invitations to lecture in universities and museums around the world, awards and fellowships, most notably from the American Academy in Rome, Samuel H. Kress Foundation, American Council of Learned Societies, the Fulbright Program, and the Center for Advanced Study in Visual Arts at the National Gallery of Art.\n\nNumerous leading scholars have reviewed Johns\u2019s books as impactful contributions to such diverse fields as history of early-modern Italian culture, art, and architecture; history of the Catholic Church and the Jesuit order, and Asian art history. In her review of The Visual Culture of Catholic Enlightenment, Wendy Wassyng Roworth wrote that this \u201cgroundbreaking\" work is \"the first comprehensive study to illustrate how progressive papal policies and institutional reforms in the eighteenth century had a direct impact on the visual arts and design.\u201d June Hargrove has called Johns\u2019s book Antonio Canova and the Politics of Patronage in Revolutionary and Napoleonic Europe an \u201cinstructive study of Canova, his art, and its political context\u201d and \u201can indispensable history of patronage\u201d that has made \u201cour understanding of the artist and his art \u2026 ever the richer.\u201d John Pinto wrote that Johns\u2019s first monograph, Papal Art and Cultural Politics: Rome in the Age of Clement XI, is an important contribution to the history of art and to the study of eighteenth-century Rome.\u201d\n\nThrough his continuing scholarship, teaching, and service to the discipline, he has been a central figure in transforming the field of eighteenth-century art. He was a founding member of the Historians of Eighteenth-Century Art and Architecture and the president of the organization from 1994 to 2001.\n\nBibliography\n\nSingle authored books \n\n China and the Church: Chinoiserie in Global Context. University of California Press, 2016. \n The Visual Culture of Catholic Enlightenment. Penn State University Press, 2014. \n Antonio Canova and the Politics of Patronage in Revolutionary and Napoleonic Europe. University of California Press, 1998. . \nFinalist for Charles Rufus Morey Book Award, College Art Association of America\nPapal Art and Cultural Politics: Rome in the Age of Clement XI. Cambridge University Press, 1993.\n\nEdited volumes \n\n The Holy Name: Art of the Ges\u00f9: Bernini and His Age, volume 17 of Early Modern Catholicism and the Visual Arts, edited by Linda Wolk-Simon, with the collaboration of Christopher M. S. Johns. Saint Joseph's University Press, 2018.  \nEvening Standard Best Art Books of 2018\n Benedict XIV and the Enlightenment: Art, Science, and Spirituality, co-edited with Rebecca Messbarger and Philip Gavitt. University of Toronto Press, 2016.\n\nPublished essays \n\n \u201cMaking History at the Capitoline Museum: Maria Tibaldi Subleyras\u2019s \u2018Christ in the House of Simon the Pharisee,\u201d Eighteenth-Century Studies 52, no. 2 (2018): 167-171.\n \u201c\u2019Upon the roof of heav\u2019n\u2019: Giovanni Battista Gaulli\u2019s Dome, Pendentive, and Vault Frescoes at Il Ges\u00f9,\u201d in The Holy Name: Art of the Ges\u00f9: Bernini and His Age, ed. Linda Wolk-Simon, with the collaboration of Christopher M. S. Johns, Early Modern Catholicism and the Visual Arts, vol. 17 (Philadelphia: Saint Joseph's University Press, 2018), 269-323. \n \u201cThe Fortunes of the Society of Jesus: From Ecclesia Triumphans to Dominus ac Redemptor,\u201d in The Holy Name: Art of the Ges\u00f9: Bernini and His Age, ed. Linda Wolk-Simon, with the collaboration of Christopher M. S. Johns, Early Modern Catholicism and the Visual Arts, vol. 17 (Philadelphia: Saint Joseph's University Press, 2018), 33-60. \n\u201cChinoiserie in Piedmont: An International Language of Diplomacy and Modernity,\u201d in Turin and the British in the Age of the Grand Tour, ed. Karin E. Wolfe and Paola Bianchi (Cambridge and London: Cambridge University Press and the British School at Rome, 2017), 281-300.\n\u201cIntroduction: The Scholar\u2019s Pope: Benedict XIV and Catholic Enlightenment,\u201d in Benedict XIV and the\u00a0Enlightenment: Art, Science, and Spirituality, ed. Rebecca Messbarger, Christopher M. S. Johns, and Philip Gavitt (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2016), 3-14. \n\u201cCaffeine Culture and Papal Diplomacy: Benedict XIV\u2019s \u2018Caffeaus\u2019 in the Quirinal Gardens,\u201d in Benedict XIV and the\u00a0Enlightenment: Art, Science, and Spirituality, ed. Rebecca Messbarger, Christopher M. S. Johns, and Philip Gavitt (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2016), 367-387.\n\u201cErotic Spirituality and the Catholic Revival in Napoleonic Paris: The Curious History of Antonio Canova\u2019s \u2018Penitent Magdalene\u2019,\u2019\u2019 Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture 42 (2013): 1-20.\n\u201cVisual Culture and the Triumph of Cosmopolitanism in Eighteenth-Century Rome,\u201d in Roma Britannica: Art Patronage and Cultural Exchange in Eighteenth-Century Rome, ed. David Marshall, Karin E. Wolfe, and Sue Russell, (London and Rome: The British School at\u00a0Rome, 2011), 13-21.\n\"Travel and Cultural Exchange in Enlightenment Rome,\" in Cultural Contact and the Making of European Art since the Age of Exploration, ed. Mary D. Sheriff (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 2010): 73-96.\n\u201cThe \u2018Good Bishop\u2019 of Catholic Enlightenment: Benedict XIV\u2019s Gifts to the Metropolitan Cathedral of Bologna,\u201d The Court Historian 14 (2009): 149-160.\n\"Gender and Genre in the Religious Art of the Catholic Enlightenment,\" in Italy's Eighteenth Century: Gender and Culture in the Age of the Grand Tour, ed. Paula Findlen, Wendy Wassyng Roworth, and Catherine Sama (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2008), 331-45; 451-55.\n\u201cExhibition Review: Pompeo Batoni: Prince of Painters in Eighteenth-Century Rome,\u201d Burlington Magazine 150 (April 2008): 269-270.\n\"The Roman Experience of Jacques-Louis David, 1775-1780,\u201d in Jacques-Louis David: New Perspectives, ed. Dorothy Johnson (Newark, Delaware and London: University of Delaware Press, 2006), 58-70.\n\u201cPapa Albani and Francesco Bianchini: Intellectual and Visual Culture in Early Eighteenth-Century Rome,\u201d in Francesco Bianchini (1662-1729) und die europ\u00e4ische gelehrte Welt um 1700, ed. Valentin Kockel and Brigitte S\u00f6lch. Colloquia Augustana, vol. 21 (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2005), 41-55.\n\"Portraiture and the Making of National Identity: Pompeo Batoni's 'The Honourable Colonel William Gordon\u2019 (1765-66) in Italy and North Britain,\" Art History 27 (2004): 382-411.\n\"The Empress Josephine's Collection of Sculpture by Antonio Canova at Malmaison,\" Journal of the History of Collections 16 (2004): 19-33.\n\"'An Ornament of Italy and the Premier Female Painter of Europe': Rosalba Carriera and the Roman Academy,\" in Women, Art, and the Politics of Identity in Eighteenth-Century Europe, ed. Melissa Hyde and Jennifer Milam (London: Ashgate, 2003), 20-45.\n\u201cProslavery Rhetoric and Classical Authority: Antonio Canova\u2019s \u2018George Washington\u2019,\u201d Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 47 (2003): 119-150.\n\"The Conceptualization of Form and the Modern Sculptural Masterpiece: Canova's Drawings for 'Venus Italica',\" Master Drawings 41 (2003): 128-139.\n\"The Entrep\u00f4t of Europe: Rome in the Eighteenth Century,\" in Art in Rome in the Eighteenth Century, ed. Joseph J. Rishel and Edgar Peters Bowron (Philadelphia and London: Merrell Hoberton, 2000), 17-46. \n\"Ecclesiastical Politics and Papal Tombs: Antonio Canova's Monuments to Clement XIV and Clement XIII,\" The Sculpture Journal 2 (1998): 58-71.\n\"'That Amiable Object of Adoration': Pompeo Batoni and the Sacred Heart,\" Gazette des Beaux-Arts 132 (1998): 19-28.\n\"Subversion through Historical Association: Canova's Madame M\u00e8re and the Politics of Napoleonic Portraiture,\" Word & Image 13 (1997): 43-57.\n\"Venetian Eighteenth-Century Art and the Status Quo,\" review of the exhibition 'The Glory of Venice',\" Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art, Eighteenth-Century Studies 28 (1995): 427-428.\n\"Portrait Mythology: Antonio Canova's Representations of the Bonapartes,\" Eighteenth-Century Studies 28 (1994): 115-129.\n\"Art and Science in Eighteenth-Century Bologna: Donato Creti's Astronomical Landscape\u00a0Paintings,\" Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Kunstgeschichte 55 (1992): 578-589.\n\"Re-framing Art History: Text and Context,\" Eighteenth-Century Studies 26 (1992): 517-522.\n\"French Connections to Papal Art and Politics in the Rome of Clement XI, 1700-1721,\"\u00a0Storia dell'Arte 67 (1990): 279-285.\nCo-authored with Steven F. Ostrow, \"Illuminations of S. Maria Maggiore in the Early Settecento,\" Burlington Magazine 123 (1990): 528-534.\n\"Antonio Canova and Austrian Art Policy,\" in Austria in the Age of the French Revolution, ed. Kinley Brauer and William E. Wright (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1990), 83-90.\n\"Antonio Canova's 'Napoleon as Mars': Nudity and Mixed Genre in Neoclassical Portraiture,\" Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, 1750-1850\u00a0(1990): 368-382.\n\"Antonio Canova's Drawings for 'Hercules and Lichas',\" Master Drawings 27 (1989): 358-367.\n\"Papal Patronage and Cultural Bureaucracy in Eighteenth-Century Rome: Clement XI and the Accademia di San Luca,\" Eighteenth-Century Studies 22 (1988): 1-23.\n\"Politics, Nationalism, and Friendship in Van Dyck's 'Le Roi \u00e0 la Ciasse',\" Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Kunstgeschichte 51 (1988): 243-261. \n\"Clement XI, Carlo Fontana, and Santa Maria Maggiore in the Early Eighteenth Century,\" Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 45 (1986): 286-293.\n\"Some Observations on Collaboration and Patronage in the Altieri Chapel, San Francesco a Ripa: Bernini and Gaulli,\" Storia dell'Arte 50 (1984): 43-47.\n\"Theater and Theory: Thomas Sully's 'George Frederick Cooke as Richard III',\" Winterthur Portfolio 18 (1983): 27-38.\n\nExhibition catalogue entries \n\n In The Holy Name: Art of the Ges\u00f9: Bernini and His Age, ed. Linda Wolk-Simon, with the collaboration of Christopher M. S. Johns. Early Modern Catholicism and the Visual Arts, vol. 17. (Philadelphia: Saint Joseph\u2019s University Press, 2018):\n \"Giovanni Battista Gaulli,\" pp. 432-437; 498-501; 504-509\n \"Gianlorenzo Bernini,\" pp. 510-513\n \"Filippo Copranese,\" pp. 542-543.\n In Art in Rome in the Eighteenth Century, ed. Joseph J. Rishel and Edgar Peters Bowron  \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (Philadelphia and London, 2000)\n \"Antonio Canova,\" pp. 234-239 \n \"Giuseppe Chiari,\" pp. 345-348\n \"Sebastiano Conca,\" pp. 348 and 492-493\n \"Francesco Trevisani,\" pp. 441-446\n\nEncyclopedia entries \n\n \u201cDavid, Jacques-Louis,\u201d in The Classical Tradition, ed. Anthony Grafton, Glenn Most, and Salvatore Settis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010), 252-253.\n \"Neoclassicism, [4: 264-68],\" \"Canova, Antonio, [1: 376-378],\" and \"Mengs, Anton Raphael [4: 94-96],\" in Europe 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern\u00a0World, ed. John Dewald, 6 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner\u2019s Sons, 2004).\n \"Benincampi, Teresa.\" in Dictionary of Women Artists, ed. Delia Gaze,  (London, 1997), 243-44.\n \"Bertotti Scamozzi, Ottavio,\" in The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects, 4 vols. (New York, 1982), 1: 203-204.\n\nBook reviews \n\n Review for David Bindman, Warm Flesh, Cold Marble: Canova, Thorvaldsen and Their Critics (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2014), in The Sculpture Journal 24 (2015): 117-119.\n Review for Tommaso Manfredi, Filippo Juvarra: Gli anni giovanili (Rome: Argos, 2010), in Palladio 51 (2013): 134-136. \n Review for Carole Paul, The Borghese Collectiosn and the Display of Art in the Age of the Grand Tour (Aldershot, England: Ashgate Publishing, 2008), in Burlington Magazine 152 (2010): 480-481. \n Review for Nigel Aston, Art and Religion in Eighteenth-Century Europe (London: Reaktion Books, 2009), in Sehepunkte: Rezensionsjournal f\u00fcr die Geschichtswissenschaften Sehepunkte 10 (June 15, 2010). \n Review for Susan Vandiver Nicassio, Imperial City: Rome, Romans, and Napoleon, 1796-1815 (Welwyn Garden city, England: Ravenhall Books, 2005), in Journal of Modern History 80 (2008): 688-690.\n Review for Jeffrey Collins, Papacy and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Rome: Pius VI and the Arts (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004), in Eighteenth-Century Studies 39 (2006): 561-564. \n Review for Steffi Roettgen, Anton Raphael Mengs, 1728-1779, 2 vols.  (Munich: Hirmer, 1999-2003), in Kunstkronik 59 (2006): 400-404. \n Review for Elisabeth Kieven and John Pinto, Pietro Bracci and Eighteenth-Century Rome (University Park, Pa., and Montr\u00e9al: Pennsylvania State University Press and Canadian Centre for Architecture, 2001), in Master Drawings 41 (2003): 174-176. \nReview for Matthias V\u00f6gel, Johann Heinrich F\u00fcssli: Darsteller der Leidenschaft (Z\u00fcrich: InterPublishers, 2001), in Master Drawings 41 (2003): 74-75. \nReview for Per Bjurstr\u00f6m, Nicolas Pio as a Collector of Drawings (Stockholm: Suecoromana II, 1995), in Master Drawings 40 (2002): 262-264.\nReview for John J. Ciofalo, The Self-Portraits of Francisco Goya (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001), in CAA On-Line Reviews (April 26, 2001). \nReview for William St. Claire, Lord Elgin and the Marbles: The Controversial History of the Parthenon Sculptures (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), in Eighteenth-Century Studies 34 (2000): 309-311. \nReview for Shearer West, ed., Italian Culture in Northern Europe in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999), in CAA On-Line Reviews (October 4, 1999). \nReview for Paula Rea Radisich, Hubert Robert: Painted Spaces of the Enlightenment (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999), in CAA On-Line Reviews (May 14, 1999). \nReview for James David Draper and Guilhem Scherf, Augustin Pajou: Dessinateur en Italie, 1752-1756 (Paris: Librairie des Arts et M\u00e9tiers-\u00c9ditions Jacques Laget, 1997), in Master Drawings 37 (1999): 69-70. \nReview for Petra Lamers, Il viaggio nel Sud dell'Abb\u00e9 de Saint-Non (Naples: Electa Napoli, 1995), in Master Drawings 36 (1998): 313-315. \nReview for David Bindman and Malcolm Baker, Roubiliac and the Eighteenth-Century Monument: Sculpture as Theatre (New Have and London: Yale University Press, 1995) and Marie Busco, Sir Richard Westmacott: Sculptor (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995), in Art Bulletin 78 (1996): 565-568.\nReview for Elisabeth Kieven, ed., Ferdinando Fuga e l'architettura del Settecento (Florence: De Luca Editrice, 1988), in Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 50 (1991): 324-325. \nReview for Hanns Gross, Rome in the Age of Enlightenment (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), in Burlington Magazine 133 (1991): 204-205. \nReview for Norma Broude, The Macchiaioli: Italian Painters of the Nineteenth Century (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1988), in Italica 67 (1990): 222-224. \nReview for Carolyn Springer, The Marble Wilderness: Ruins and Representations in Italian Romanticism, 1775-1850 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), in Journal of European Ideas 10 (1989): 127-128.\nReview for John Pinto, The Trevi Fountain (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1986), in Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 46 (1987): 184-185.\n\nPublished translation \n Tommaso Manfredi, \u201cAcademic Practice and Roman Architecture during the Reign of Benedict XIV,\u201d in Benedict XIV and the Enlightenment: Art, Science, and Spirituality, ed. Rebecca Messbarger, Christopher M. S. Johns, and Philip Gavitt (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2016), 439-466. Translated from Italian.\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:University of Delaware alumni\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:American art historians\nCategory:Vanderbilt University faculty\nCategory:Florida State University alumni\nCategory:University of Virginia faculty\nCategory:Fulbright Scholars\nCategory:1955 births\nCategory:20th-century American historians\nCategory:21st-century American historians\nCategory:20th-century American male writers\nCategory:21st-century American male writers"], ["Dalla Viola\n\nDalla Viola (also Della Viola, De la Viola, and Viola) was an Italian family of musicians, active from about 1470 to 1570. The most prominent members were:\n\n Alfonso dalla Viola (c. 1508 \u2013 c. 1573), composer and instrumentalist\n Francesco dalla Viola (d. 1568), choirmaster and composer\n\nNotes"], ["Raymond Orpen\n\nRaymond d\u2019Audemar Orpen (31 August 1837 \u2013 9 January 1930) was an Irish cleric in the 20th century.\n\nHe was a curate at Rathronan and then Adare before becoming the Incumbent of Tralee. He was Archdeacon of Ardfert until his ordination to the episcopate as Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe in 1907. He retired in 1921.\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1837 births\nCategory:1930 deaths\nCategory:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin\nCategory:Irish Anglicans\nCategory:Archdeacons of Ardfert\nCategory:20th-century Anglican bishops\nCategory:Bishops of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe\nCategory:Diocese of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe"], ["Carrigafoyle\n\nCarrigafoyle may refer to:\n\n Carrigafoyle, Wellington\n Siege of Carrigafoyle Castle"], ["Portanova\n\nPortanova may refer to:\n\nPeople\n Daniele Portanova, an Italian football player\n Gennaro Portanova, an Italian Catholic cardinal\n\nPlaces\n Portanova (Casal Cermelli), a civil parish of the commune of Casal Cermelli in the  Province of Alessandria, Italy\n\nOther\n Portanova (Osijek), a shopping center in Osijek, Croatia\n Porta Nova (Volterra), a city gate of the commune of Volterra, in Tuscany, Italy\n\nSee also\nPorta Nuova (disambiguation)"], ["Eastern meadowlark\n\nThe eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna) is a medium-sized icterid bird, very similar in appearance to the western meadowlark. It occurs from eastern North America to South America, where it is also most widespread in the east.\n\nDescription\nThe adult eastern meadowlark measures from  in length and spans  across the wings. Body mass ranges from . The extended wing bone measures , the tail measures , the culmen measures  and the tarsus measures . Females are smaller in all physical dimensions. Adults have yellow underparts with a black \"V\" on the breast and white flanks with black streaks. The upperparts are mainly brown with black streaks. They have a long pointed bill; the head is striped with light brown and black.\n\nThe song of this bird is of pure, melancholy whistles, and thus simpler than the jumbled and flutey song of the western meadowlark; their ranges overlap across central North America. In the field, the song is often the easiest way to tell the two species apart, though plumage differences do exist, like tail pattern and malar coloration.\n\nThe pale Lilian's meadowlark of northern Mexico and the southwestern US is sometimes split off as a separate species.\n\nTaxonomy\n\nThis species was first described by Linnaeus in his 1758 Systema naturae as Alauda magna. The type locality is mistakenly given as \"America, Africa\".\n\nLinnaeus' error is explained by two facts: first, he did not distinguish between the eastern and western meadowlarks. The peculiar belief that this bird also occurred in Africa is due to confusion of the yellow-breasted meadowlarks with certain longclaws (Macronyx), quite unrelated African songbirds. Specifically the Cape longclaw (M. capensis) and the yellow-throated longclaw (M. croceus) share similar habitat and habits, explaining the long hind toe; their plumage pattern however is all but identical, a striking example of convergent evolution. As this exact pattern provides no obvious adaptive benefit compared to that of other meadowlarks and longclaws, it seems to have arisen twice by sheer chance.\n\nLinnaeus recognized his error less than a decade later, separating the longclaws from their meadowlark look-alikes.\n\nThe scientific name Sturnella magna is Latin for, rather confusingly, \"large little starling\", the generic name having been given due to the meadowlarks' behavior being similar to starlings.\n\nEcology\nTheir breeding habitat is grasslands and prairie, also pastures and hay fields. This species is a permanent resident throughout much of its range, though most northern birds migrate southwards in winter.  \nIn 1993 this species was first recorded in El Salvador, and the discovery of a breeding pair in 2004 confirmed that the species is a resident there.\n\nThese birds forage on the ground or in low vegetation, sometimes probing with the bill. They mainly eat arthropods, but also seeds and berries. In winter, they often feed in flocks.\n\nNesting occurs throughout the summer months. The nest is also on the ground, covered with a roof woven from grasses. There may be more than one nesting female in a male's territory.\n\nThe numbers of this species increased as forests were cleared in eastern North America. This species is ideally suited to farmland areas, especially where tall grasses are allowed to grow. Their numbers are now shrinking with a decline in suitable habitat. On the other hand, its range is expanding in parts of Central America toward the Pacific (western) side of the continent, in agricultural-type areas.\n\nConservation efforts \nEastern meadowlarks are species at risk in Nova Scotia and the subject of agricultural conservation program seeking to reduce mortality through modified practices. Allowing marginal areas of fields on farms to seed with grass can provide nesting habitat for meadowlarks and all grassland birds. Delaying hay harvest can also improve survival, giving young meadowlarks a chance of fledging\n\nGallery\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n \n Eastern meadowlark Bird Sound at Florida Museum of Natural History\n \n\neastern meadowlark\nCategory:Native birds of Eastern Canada\nCategory:Native birds of the Eastern United States\nCategory:Native birds of the Plains-Midwest (United States)\nCategory:Native birds of the Southwestern United States\nCategory:Birds of the U.S. Rio Grande Valleys\nCategory:Birds of Central America\nCategory:Birds of Cuba\nCategory:Birds of Colombia\nCategory:Birds of Venezuela\nCategory:Birds of the Guianas\neastern meadowlark\nCategory:Birds of the Amazon Basin\nCategory:Birds of Brazil"], ["\u00c9ric Fichaud\n\n\u00c9ric Joseph Fichaud (born November 4, 1975) is a retired professional ice hockey goaltender.  He was selected in the first round of the 1994 NHL Entry Draft, 16th overall, by the Toronto Maple Leafs.\n\nJunior career\nFichaud played net for the Chicoutimi Saguen\u00e9ens in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. In 1994, he led his team to the Memorial Cup, winning a host of awards, including the Hap Emms Memorial Trophy as top goaltender and playoff MVP awards. A classic butterfly goaltender in the Patrick Roy mold, Fichaud looked to be a future National Hockey League starting netminder.\n\nProfessional career\nShortly after being drafted, Fichaud was traded to the New York Islanders for Beno\u00eet Hogue, a 1995 3rd round pick (Ryan Pepperall) and a 1996 5th round pick (Brandon Sugden), without ever playing a game for Toronto. Fichaud never lived up to the lofty expectations his fantastic junior career had led to, bouncing between the minor leagues and the NHL.  Shoulder injuries played a key role, and despite Fichaud's best efforts, he was unable to recapture his previous form.  Eventually, Fichaud settled into the role as the starting goalie for the AHL's Hamilton Bulldogs.\n\nExternal links\n\nCategory:1975 births\nCategory:Canadian ice hockey goaltenders\nCategory:Carolina Hurricanes players\nCategory:Chicoutimi Saguen\u00e9ens (QMJHL) players\nCategory:Hamilton Bulldogs (AHL) players\nCategory:Ice hockey people from Quebec\nCategory:Krefeld Pinguine players\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Manitoba Moose players\nCategory:Milwaukee Admirals (IHL) players\nCategory:Montreal Canadiens players\nCategory:Nashville Predators players\nCategory:National Hockey League first round draft picks\nCategory:New York Islanders players\nCategory:People from Anjou, Quebec\nCategory:Quebec Citadelles players\nCategory:Quebec RadioX players\nCategory:Sportspeople from Montreal\nCategory:Toronto Maple Leafs draft picks\nCategory:Utah Grizzlies (IHL) players\nCategory:Worcester IceCats players\nCategory:Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Germany\nCategory:Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in the United States"]]
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tests/testdata/pile_wikipedia-v0-res.json

+{"results": {"pile_wikipedia": {"word_perplexity": 1.0010049382426887, "byte_perplexity": 1.0001446248277406, "bits_per_byte": 0.00014461437057832307}}, "versions": {"pile_wikipedia": 0}}
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tests/testdata/pile_youtubesubtitles-v0-loglikelihood_rolling.json

+[["today we're going to talk about some\nessential oil mistakes that people make\nwhen they're first starting out and some\npeople wind up using essential oils for\na little while\n6 mistakes you don't want to make stay\ntuned until the very end because you're\nnot gonna want to miss these after this\nyou'll know a better way to safely use\nessential oils number 1 of thinking that\nbecause essential oils are all-natural\nthat they are completely safe nothing\ncould be further from the truth\noils are extremely powerful and should\nbe used with respect just like anything\nelse that is powerful for example one\ndrop of peppermint oil is the equivalent\nof 68 cups of peppermint tea when was\nthe last time you drink 68 cups of\npeppermint tea in one sitting one drop\nof orange oil is the equivalent of 150\npounds worth of orange rinds like I\ndon't think I want to watch anyone eat\nthat many orange rinds so they're\nextremely powerful they're not\ncompletely safe you have to use them\nwith respect even if you have the best\nquality oils which I believe that I use,\nI still use them conservatively because\nthey are so potent the number 2 thing\nthat people do and I see this frequently\nessential oils are all over the place\nthey are at the grocery store there are\nevery little tchotchke shop they are\nliterally everywhere but making sure\nthat you have a good quality oil is\nreally important and just like outerwear\nyou can pay $50 for a jacket at Walmart\nor you can pay 300 for a North Face\njacket well which company do you think\nis doing more R&D to make sure that\nyou're getting the most for your money\nI'm not saying the most expensive oils\nare the best but I'm saying go with the\ncompany that you know has a large\ntesting protocol and make sure that you\nare confident in that just because you\nsee something on the Shelf doesn't mean\nthat it's a good quality a lot of people\nthink that\nas the FDA regulate as generally\nregarded as safe that that means that\nthere's some kind of standard that they\nhave well let me tell you the standard\nthat they have is one drop of oil in\nthat bottle has to be essential oil and\nthe rest can all be carrier oil even if\nit says organic that just means all of\nthe carrier oil has to be organic so\nmake sure you're using a good quality\noil that you know is tested for the\nexact chemical profile of the plant that\nyou're looking for number 3 mistake not\ndiluting people and I see this all the\ntime people are like oh yeah just put it\non your neck or put it on your wrist or\nput it you know on your body it's called\napplying \"neat\" and I'll say that most of\nthe time I don't apply oils the neat I\nam 99.9% of the time I dilute essential\noils and that's for a couple of reasons\none skin sensitivities develop over time\nyou may not know the first time you use\nthat oil or even the 50th time you use\nthat oil but the 51st time you use\nthat oil you get skin sensitivities so\nwhat diluting it does is make sure that\nit spreads it out over a larger surface\narea of the skin and it reduces the\nprobability that you'll have a skin\nsensitivity so make sure that you're\ndiluting it number 3 mistake....  you\nwill hear people all over the place\nsaying just put this in your water put\nlemon oil on your water put peppermint\noil in your water taking oils internally\nis a completely different can of worms\nand this is what I'll say should you\ndecide to do that make sure that you're\nonly drinking or putting essential oils\nin a stainless steel or glass container\nthat includes the straw so in when\nessential oils come in contact with\nplastic they actually release fake\nestrogens which go into your body\nattached to your estrogen\nreceptors which  leads your body to believe that\nyou have more estrogen that you do than\nyou do in your body and it can\ncompletely disrupt your endocrine system\nso glass that doesn't happen with and \nstainless steel that doesn't happen with check out my video about if your dryer sheets are killing you.\nI've actually seen it essential oils eat\nthrough styrofoam and so then who knows\nwhat you're ingesting if you do that so\nmake sure that you don't have a\nstainless steel water bottle with a\nglass straw or with a plastic straw or a\nglass water bottle with a plastic top\nlike my favorite thing to use is a glass\nmason jar with the stainless steel top\nthat has a stainless-steel straw stuck\nthrough it that way there's no chance\nthat those oils are coming into contact\nwith any kind of silicone or plastic\nthat they can potentially release\nchemicals from.  The number 4 Danger is using photosensitive\noils and then going out into the Sun\neven if you dilute it properly\nphotosensitive oils will create a burn\nor a skin reaction when they're exposed\nto the Sun so these in general are your\ncitrus oils and cumin you want to make\nsure that your citrus oils and cumin\nthat you're if you're applying them\ntopically you're applying them to a part\nof your body where it will not be\nexposed to sunlight should you decide to\ngo out in the Sun.  Check out my video on essential oils and sun safety.   The next mistake that\npeople make is blasting their diffuser\nall day long so every time those\nparticles are in your area you breathe\nthem in your body has to process it just\nlike it processes everything else that\nyou've taken to your body anything you\nbreathe in anything you eat drink so a\nbetter practice would be to turn the\ndiffuser on for equal amounts of time\nthat you turn it off I love diffusing\nand so I will typically diffuse for a\nfew hours\nturn the diffuser off let it rest for a\ncouple hours I\nturn it back on or I'll turn my diffuser\non for four hours in the morning and\nthen right before my husband gets home\nfrom work I'll turn it on for a few\nhours in the evening and then I turn it\noff just to give my body a rest if you\nstay away from these five big mistakes\nthat people make you should be able to\nuse essential oils completely safe and\nreally enjoy your experience with them\nif you think this video is helpful make\nsure to subscribe share with your\nfriends hit the notifications button if\nyou're looking to get started with\nessential oils email me my contact\ninformation is below I love to help you\nget started I will personally respond to\nanyone who is looking to get started\nwith me I hope you have a great day\nthank you so much for watching I'll see\nyou in the next video\n"], ["yeah we've we've the whole week we've\nbeen hearing about security in Pakistan\nand it's really brought home to Qatar\nand I the importance the relationship\nbetween UK and Pakistan and I think what\npeople don't realize is how much effort\ngoes into the UK Pakistani relationship\nin keeping the security piece together\nand a lot of effort a lot of lives being\nlost by the Pakistanis in securing large\nparts of this country over the years and\nand those sacrifices from the Pakistanis\nshould be acknowledged it's been a huge\nhuge undertaking for them I think the\nfact that we're here today and we're\nwitnessing UK Pakistanis security\nworking together shows you how important\nit is and actually what happens here in\nPakistan directly correlates to what\nhappens on the streets of the UK and I\nthink it's really important that\neveryone back home realizes that you\nknow we have a far ranging far-reaching\nprojection of what we're doing and we're\ninvolved with Pakistanis for a very good\nreason that will actually keep people\nsafe back in the UK so what happens in\nPakistan directly correlates to what\nhappens back in the UK\nSubscribe Now\n"], ["Hi, I'm Penn and this is my partner Teller.\nWe're Penn and Teller.\nLight travels in a straight line,\nunless it hits something\nor is pulled by gravity.\nOf course, it goes faster than that in the real world.\nWhen light hits something,\nit can be bent,\nbounced,\nor absorbed,\nor it can just look really stupid.\nor it can just look really stupid.\n( exaggerated stretching noise )\nScience.\nScience.\nHi, I'm Penn, and this is my partner Teller.\nWe're Penn and Teller.\nDid you ever, I don't know,\nlook at yourself in a spoon?\nWell, if you look at yourself this way,\nyou're right side up.\nBut, if you look at yourself this way,\nyou flip upside-down.\nWhy is that?\nWell, let's look at the spoon sideways.\nSee, the upside-down way,\nthe light waves come in,\nbounce and cross themselves,\nmaking you look upside down.\nSee?\nWhoa!\nScience.\n( empty tapping )\n"], ["\nFrench: \nDepuis la premi\u00e8re planche gonflable \nle tissu Dropstitch a \u00e9t\u00e9 la norme de l'industrie\nmais maintenant, apr\u00e8s 5 ans de fabrication,\nStarboard pr\u00e9sente sa nouvelle technologie de tissus\nsur quasiment toutes ses planches gonflables\nQue cela veut-il dire pour vous en tant que paddler?\nVotre planche sera plus l\u00e9g\u00e8re, forte, rigide\net plus r\u00e9active.\nMaintenant j'aimerais rentrer un peu dans les d\u00e9tails\ndans les fils de base\nSur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 gauche vous pouvez voir les fils de base\nSur votre droite - les tissus Woven\nIl est clair qu'il y a plus d'espace et de jeu\nentre les fils de base\nce qui les rend plus flexibles et \u00e9tirables\nAlors que les fils Woven ... sont\nplus r\u00e9sistants, plus rigides et plus r\u00e9actifs\nL'espace entre les fils donne \u00e0 la planche gonflable sa\nstructure et sa forme.\nLes fils de base apportent r\u00e9sistance et rigidit\u00e9\nEt combin\u00e9s ils donnent \u00e0 la planche gonflable\nsa grande rigidit\u00e9.\n\nJapanese: \n\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u767b\u5834\u4ee5\u6765\n\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u30c9\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30c1\u306f\u696d\u754c\u6a19\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u4eca\u30015\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\n\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30a6\u30fc\u30d9\u30f3\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\n\u307b\u3069\u3093\u3069\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u3002\n\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30d1\u30c9\u30e9\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306b\u4f55\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff1f\n\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u3088\u308a\u8efd\u304f\u3001\u5f37\u304f\u3001\u786c\u304f\u3001\n\u3088\u308a\u53cd\u5fdc\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u7cf8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3046\u5c11\u3057\u8a73\u3057\u304f\n\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\n\u5de6\u5074\u304c\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u7cf8\u3067\u3059\n\u53f3\u5074\u304c\u30a6\u30fc\u30d9\u30f3\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u7cf8\u3067\u3059\n\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u7de8\u307f\u7269\u306f\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\n\u7a7a\u9593\u3068\u904a\u3073\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u3067\u3059\n\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3068\u4f38\u7e2e\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\u7e54\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30a6\u30fc\u30d9\u30f3\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u2026\n\u3088\u308a\u5805\u304f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u786c\u304f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u53cd\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7cf8\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\n\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5f62\u72b6\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u7cf8\u306f\u5f37\u5ea6\u3068\u525b\u6027\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\n\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\n\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u3044\u525b\u6027\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\nChinese: \n\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e00\u584a\u5145\u6c23\u677f\u4ee5\u4f86\n\u91dd\u7e54\u62c9\u7d72\u6280\u8853\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u884c\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\n\u4f46\u7d93\u904e5\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\nStarboard\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7de8\u7e54\u6280\u8853\n\u7528\u5728\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5145\u6c23\u677f\u4e0a\u3002\n\u4f5c\u70ba\u69f3\u624b\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u60a8\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\n\u60a8\u7684\u69f3\u677f\u5c07\u66f4\u8f15\uff0c\u66f4\u5805\u56fa\uff0c\u66f4\u786c\n\u4e26\u4e14\u53cd\u61c9\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\n\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u60f3\u5c0d\u57fa\u790e\u7d17\u7dda\n\u9032\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39\n\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u5de6\u624b\u908a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u91dd\u7e54\u5e95\u7d17\n\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u53f3\u624b\u908a-\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7de8\u7e54\u7684\u5e95\u7d17\n\u986f\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u91dd\u7e54\u7d17\u7dda\u4e4b\u9593\n\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u548c\u904a\u9699\n\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u66f4\u5177\u67d4\u97cc\u6027\u548c\u5f48\u529b\n\u800c\u7de8\u7e54\u7684...\n\u5247\u66f4\u786c\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u525b\u6027\u4e14\u53cd\u61c9\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\n\u9593\u9694\u7d17\u7dda\u8ce6\u4e88\u5145\u6c23\u677f\u5176\n\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u5f62\u72c0\u3002\n\u57fa\u790e\u7d17\u7dda\u8ce6\u4e88\u5176\u5f37\u5ea6\u548c\u525b\u6027\n\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4f7f\u5145\u6c23\u677f\u5177\u6709\n\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u786c\u5ea6\n\nEnglish: \nEver since the first inflatable board\nknitted dropstitch has been the industry standard\nbut now, after 5 years in the making\nStarboard is introducing the new Woven Technology\ninto almost all of their inflatable boards\nWhat does this mean for you as a paddler?\nYour board is going to be lighter, stronger, stiffer\nand more responsive.\nNow I want to go a little more into detail\ninto the base yarns\nOn your left hand side, you can see Knitted base yarns\nOn your right-hand side, the Woven ones\nIt is clear that there is more room and play\nin between the knitted yarns\nthat makes them more flexible and more stretchy\nWhereas the Woven ones.. they are\nstiffer, more rigid and more responsive\nThe space yarns give the inflatable board its\nstructure and shape.\nThe base yarns give it its strength and rigidity\nAnd combined they give the inflatable board\nits great stiffness.\n\nSpanish: \nDesde la primera tabla inflable\nel tejido dropstitch ha sido el est\u00e1ndar de la industria\npero ahora, despu\u00e9s de 5 a\u00f1os en fabricaci\u00f3n,\nStarboard presenta la nueva Tecnolog\u00eda de Tejidos\nen casi todas sus tablas inflables.\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa esto para ti como paddlero?\nTu tabla va a ser m\u00e1s ligera, fuerte, r\u00edgida\ny m\u00e1s receptiva.\nAhora quiero entrar un poco m\u00e1s en detalles\nen los hilos base\nA tu izquierda puedes ver los hilos de base de punto.\nA tu derecha - los Tejidos\nEst\u00e1 claro que hay m\u00e1s espacio y juego\nentre los hilos de punto\nque los hace m\u00e1s flexibles y m\u00e1s el\u00e1sticos.\nMientras que los tejidos....son\nm\u00e1s resistentes, m\u00e1s r\u00edgidos y m\u00e1s receptivos.\nLos espacios de los hilos confieren a la tabla inflable su\nestructura y dise\u00f1o.\nLos hilos base aportan resistencia y rigidez\ny combinados le dan a la tabla inflable\nsu gran rigidez.\n\nGerman: \nSeit dem ersten aufblasbaren Board \nsteht \"gestricktes\" Drop Stich Material den Industriestandard\nWir haben 5 Jahre entwickelt..\n..und pr\u00e4sentieren nun unsere neue \"Woven Technology\"\nin fast allen unseren Starboard Inflatable Boards\nWas bedeutet das gewebte Material f\u00fcr dich als Paddler?\nDein Brett wird leichter, st\u00e4rker und steifer...\nund reagiert sensibler\nLasst mich nun etwas mehr ins Detail gehen\nund das Material selbst betrachten\nlinks seht ihr das gestrickte Rohmaterial\nrechts ist das Material gewebt \nzwischen dem gestrickten Material\ngibt es deutlich mehr Platz f\u00fcr Bewegung\nwodurch sp\u00e4ter auch dein Board weicher sein wird. \nDagegen das gewebte Material..\ndas deutlich steifer und stabiler ist \nDoch das Material gibt dem Inflatable Board auch \nStruktur und Shape.\nDie \"Base Yarns\" verleihen dem Board seine Steifigkeit\nund geben in Kombination \nein stabiles Gesamtpaket.\n\nChinese: \n\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7de8\u7e54\u7d17\u7dda\u6bcf\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u5bf8\n\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u9593\u9694\u7d17\u7dda\n\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u6750\u6599\n\u9019\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5145\u6c23\u677f\n\u8f15\u4e861.5\u516c\u65a4\n\u60a8\u7684\u69f3\u677f\u66f4\u8f15\n\u60a8\u7684\u69f3\u677f\u66f4\u786c\uff0c\u525b\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u4e14\u53cd\u61c9\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\n\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7de8\u7e54\u6280\u8853\u3002\n\nJapanese: \n\u6211\u3005\u306e\u30a6\u30fc\u30d9\u30f3\u30c9\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30c1\u306f\n\u5e73\u65b9\u30a4\u30f3\u30c1\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7cf8\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\n\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u6750\u6599\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\n\u6211\u3005\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\n\u6700\u59271.5kg\u8efd\u91cf\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u3088\u308a\u8efd\u304f\u3001\n\u3088\u308a\u5805\u304f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u786c\u304f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u53cd\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6211\u3005\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30a6\u30fc\u30d9\u30f3\u6280\u8853\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\nFrench: \nNotre nouveau tissu Woven a un nombre plus faible\nde fils espac\u00e9s par m\u00e8tre carr\u00e9\nce qui veut dire que nous utilisons moins de mat\u00e9riau\net cela rend nos planches gonflables \njusqu'\u00e0 1.5 kilos plus l\u00e9g\u00e8res.\nVotre planche est plus l\u00e9g\u00e8re,\nVotre planche est plus r\u00e9sistante, plus l\u00e9g\u00e8re et plus r\u00e9active\nCeci est notre toute nouvelle technologie Woven.\n\nEnglish: \nOur woven dropstitch has a lower number\nof space yarns per square inch\nMeaning we use less material\nand this makes our inflatable boards\nup to 1.5kg lighter\nYour board is lighter\nYour board is stiffer, more rigid and more responsive\nThis is our brand new Woven technology.\n\nSpanish: \nNuestro tejido woven dropstitch tiene un n\u00famero m\u00e1s bajo\nde espacios entre los hilos por cada pulgada cuadrada\nLo que significa que usamos menos material\ny esto hace que nuestras tablas inflables\nsean hasta 1,5 kg m\u00e1s ligeras\nTu tabla es m\u00e1s ligera,\ntu tabla es m\u00e1s resistente, m\u00e1s r\u00edgida y m\u00e1s reactiva.\nEsta es nuestra nueva tecnolog\u00eda Woven.\n\nGerman: \nUnser gewebtes Dropstich Material hat au\u00dferdem deutlich weniger Material, \ndas f\u00fcr einen Quadratmeter Rohmaterial verbraucht wird\nWeniger Material bedeutet \nweniger Gewicht\nwodurch unsere Inflatables 1,5kg leichter werden\nDeutlich bessere Fahreigenschaften bei leichterem Gewicht, \ngepaart mit hoher Steifigkeit und Reaktionsf\u00e4higkeit \nDas ist unsere neue \"Woven Technology\" .\n"], [""], ["2016 and not in the mood, for a boring, hot summer\nOh no\nI do not want such a boring hot summer\ntime\nfor some\nheavy cooling\nThe OrkhaftOnAir Event-Check 2016\nMake heavy metal great again\nWe visit for you\nthe best\nmetal and alternativ\nfestivals\nfeaturing this year\n26. - 28. may\nRock im Revier\n07. - 09. July\nRockharz Open Air\non the 29th of July\nthe Saarmagedon Festival\n17. - 20. August\nSummer Breeze Open Air\nOn the 19th of September\nGeschrubb und Geschepper Festival\nas well as\n02.- 03. Dezember\nRuhrpott Metal Meeting\nEvent-videos\nInterviews\nand\nPOWER\nGet creazy and switch on\nThe OrkhaftOnAir Event-Check 2016\nMake heavy metal great again\nand if you not subscribed by now\nwe come directly\nhome to you\nand party so hard\nuntil you go to the kitchen\nand make us a sandwich\n#justtooheavy\n#over9000\nThe OrkhaftOnAir Event-Check 2016\nMake heavy metal great again\nthat was a stupied idea\nEverything it wet\nSh** that hurts\nI hope this was good\nI screamed too early\nbut it was just too cold\nThis happens if you film with full power\nSo guys welcome to the endcut\nit is unbelievable this year I made a quite big list\nI hope it will all work\nas it always depends on the festivals\ndo they provide the Press-Ticket or not?\nbecause without it I cannot film\nin the quality I would like to\nSo there is no use to make a video\nCheck out my facebook account\nfacebook/orkhaftonair\nOr on Instagram\nThere you will get all the updates\nif something changes\nor I decide to visit some more Festivals or events\nDown below you can find two more videos\none is maybe the most epic video on Youtube\nthe Event-Check from the Cypecore CD release party\nit was an epic party and is a great video\non the other side is the Event-check\nSummer Breeze 2015\nA great Festival, I had a lot of fun\nSo watch it and post your feedback\nIf you want to support me, share this video on Facebook\nand subscribe to my channel\nThis would help me a lot and would just be great!\nThank you very much!\nEnjoy your day\nSee you soon!\n"], ["\nItalian: \nQui dentro c'e' dello iodio. E' un...\ne' un alogeno.\nE' molto in basso nel gruppo degli alogeni,\nquindi a differenza di cloro, fluoro e bromo,\nnon e' un gas o un liquido,\nma un solido, ok?\nMa e' un solido molto volatile,\ncome alcuni degli elementi...\nsuccessivi dello stesso gruppo.\nPrendendone un po' possiamo vedere\nche e' davvero un bel materiale.\nLo iodio e' un elemento\nche molti hanno visto\nperche' viene usato in\nsoluzioni di colore violetto\nper il trattamento di tagli\ned escoriazioni,\nperche' ha forti proprieta'...\nantisettiche.\nIn realta' e' viola.\nLa luce non gli rende giustizia,\ninfatti a voi appare grigio scuro.\nRiscaldandosi,\ninizia a sublimare.\nLo iodio e' un elemento\nessenziale per la vita.\nSenza iodio,\nnon cresciamo in modo corretto.\n\nPortuguese: \nAqui temos iodo.\n\u00c9 um halog\u00eanio.\nEst\u00e1 bem abaixo no grupo dos halog\u00eanios. \nN\u00e3o \u00e9 como fl\u00faor, cloro ou bromo. \nN\u00e3o \u00e9 um l\u00edquido ou g\u00e1s. \u00c9 s\u00f3lido. \n\u00c9 um s\u00f3lido muito muito vol\u00e1til.\nTal como alguns materiais tamb\u00e9m no grupo.\nQuando retirarmos, poder\u00e1 ver...um belo material.\nIodo \u00e9 um elemento que muitas pessoas j\u00e1 viram,  \npq \u00e9 usado em uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o, com uma cor violeta, \npara tratar cortes e ferimentos. Pq ele tem \nfortes propriedades antiss\u00e9pticas.\n\u00c9 de fato p\u00farpura, mas nesta luz, n\u00e3o \nparece, parece cinza escuro.\nQuando esquenta, come\u00e7a a evaporar e \nsublimar.\nIodo \u00e9 um elemento essencial para a vida. \nSe vc n\u00e3o tiver iodo, vc n\u00e3o se desenvolve bem.\n\nPortuguese: \n\u00c9 importante para fun\u00e7\u00f5es da tire\u00f3ide. \nA tire\u00f3ide \u00e9 uma pequena gl\u00e2ndula em seu pesco\u00e7o.\nE nesta \u00e1rea da Inglaterra, que \u00e9 longe do mar. \nAs pessoas antigamente sofriam \nde uma defici\u00eancia de iodo. O que fazia a \ntire\u00f3ide crescer e ficar muito grande.\nE eles tinham uma doen\u00e7a chamada b\u00f3cio. Que \nnesta \u00e1rea era chamado de pesco\u00e7o de Derbyshire\nAtualmente o iodo \u00e9 adicionado ao sal de mesa.\nEnt\u00e3o s\u00e3o poucas pessoas na Inglaterra que \nt\u00eam defici\u00eancia de iodo.\nIodo tem v\u00e1rias aplica\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes. \u00c9 \nusado para purifica\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua. \nSe a \u00e1gua tem problema com presen\u00e7a de bact\u00e9rias \n, s\u00f3 alguns poucos cristais de iodo tornam a \n\u00e1gua mais segura. \nVc pode ver, est\u00e1 come\u00e7ando a deixar algumas \nmanchas no papel. Isto pq est\u00e1 iodando o papel.\n\nItalian: \nE' importante per la\nfunzionalita' della tiroide.\nLa tiroide e' una piccola\nghiandola nel collo.\nIn questa zona del Regno Unito,\nmolto lontana dal mare,\nanni fa la gente soffriva\ndi carenza di iodio,\nche faceva ingrossare molto la tiroide.\nQuindi contraevano una\nmalattia chiamata \"gozzo\",\nche in questa zona era nota\ncome \"collo di Derbyshire\"\nOggigiorno, lo iodio viene\naggiunto al sale da cucina,\nin modo che pochissime\npersone del Regno Unito\nabbiano carenze di iodio.\nLo iodio ha tantissimi utilizzi.\nPuo' essere usato per purificare\nl'acqua. Se quindi...\nl'acqua ha problemi di potabilita',\nper esempio dei batteri,\nbasta aggiungere un paio di cristalli\ndi iodio per neutralizzare...\nper rendere l'acqua molto piu' sicura.\nCome vedete, inizia a\nmacchiare la carta,\nperche' la stiamo iodurando.\n\nPortuguese: \nEu te falei, \u00e9 bastante vol\u00e1til. Ent\u00e3o, que vamos\nfazer? Vamos pegar o iodo e colocar no becker.\nE aquecer o fundo.\nPor exemplo, se vc pega girinos, pequenos sapos \n\u00b4beb\u00eas\u00b4. Eles n\u00e3o se tornam sapos a menos que vc \nadicione iodo na \u00e1gua. Se vc tem girinos em um \nambiente sem iodo, eles n\u00e3o podem se desenvolver.\nVamos por os cristais de iodo.\nE observar o que acontece.\nDe certa forma, como o estr\u00f4ncio, iodo \nradioativo \u00e9 formado em algumas rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares \nUma coisa que ocorre ap\u00f3s graves acidentes \nnucleares, \ncomo em Chernobyl, ou na Inglaterra em 1957\nno acidente em Windscale, \n, as crian\u00e7as receberam tabletes com iodo, \npara tomar, para prevenir que seus corpos \n\nItalian: \nPrima vi ho detto che\ne' piuttosto volatile,\nquindi ora lo spostiamo da questa\nparte e lo mettiamo in un becker\ne lo riscaldiamo leggermente dal basso.\nSe consideriamo, per esempio,\ni girini, cuccioli di rana,\nessi non si trasformano in rane\nse nell'acqua non c'e' iodio.\nQuindi se mettiamo dei girini in\ncondizioni di mancanza di iodio,\nnon possono svilupparsi.\nMettiamo i cristalli di iodio.\nVediamo che succede.\nCome anche...\ncome lo stronzio,\nlo iodio radioattivo\nsi forma per reazioni nucleari,\nquindi tra le tante cose che avvenivano\ndopo incidenti nucleari gravi,\ncome a Chernobyl o in Inghilterra\nnel 1957, a Windscale...\ni bambini dovevano assumere\ncompresse di iodio\n\nPortuguese: \nabsorvessem o iodo radioativo do meio \nambiente.\nCristais de iodo sublimando, mais vol\u00e1teis \nBela cor p\u00farpura. \nBom trabalho. \nTraduzido por Prof. Dr. Lu\u00eds Brudna \n\nItalian: \nper evitare che il corpo\nassorbisse iodio radioattivo\ndall'ambiente.\nI cristalli viola di iodio stanno\nsublimando e diventano piu' volatili.\nIl colore viola e' davvero molto bello.\nOttimo lavoro.\nTraduzione: Hugin\nRevisione: Xalexalex\n::Italian Subs Addicted::\n[www.italiansubs.net]\n"], ["\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nHelo, hai kekasih ...\nHari ini saya ingin berkongsi konsep lemon dengan anda ...\nSaya bermula sekarang ...\nserai ...\nTerdapat ais krim juga, tetapi saya terlupa di dalam peti sejuk :(\nkek keju ...\n\nSpanish: \nHola, hola amores ...\nHoy quer\u00eda compartir contigo el concepto del lim\u00f3n ...\nEmpiezo ahora mismo ...\nlimonada...\nTambi\u00e9n hab\u00eda helado, pero lo olvid\u00e9 en el congelador :(\ntarta de queso...\n\nHindi: \n\u0939\u0947\u0932\u094b, \u0939\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0932\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u091f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 ...\n\u0906\u091c \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e ...\n\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 ...\n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0941 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940...\n\u0906\u0907\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u092d\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091c\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e :(\n\u091a\u0940\u091c\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0915...\n\nSwedish: \nHej, hej \u00e4lsklingar ...\nIdag ville jag dela citronkonceptet med dig ...\nJag b\u00f6rjar just nu ...\ncitronsaft...\nGlass fanns ocks\u00e5, men jag gl\u00f6mde den i frysen :(\ncheesecake...\n\nArabic: \n\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a\u064a ...\n\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ...\n\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 ...\n\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646...\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631 :(\n\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0643...\n\nChinese: \n\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u4f60\u597d...\n\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u60f3\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u67e0\u6aac\u7684\u6982\u5ff5...\n\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u59cb...\n\u67e0\u6aac\u6c7d\u6c34...\n\u4e5f\u6709\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5728\u51b0\u7bb1\u91cc\u5fd8\u4e86\u5b83:(\n\u8d77\u53f8\u86cb\u7cd5...\n\nItalian: \nCiao, ciao innamorati ...\nOggi volevo condividere con voi il concetto di limone ...\nSto iniziando adesso ...\nlimonata...\nC'era anche il gelato, ma l'ho dimenticato nel congelatore :(\ncheesecake ...\n\nBosnian: \nZdravo, zdravo srce ...\nDanas sam \u017eelio podijeliti koncept limuna s vama ...\nOdmah po\u010dinjem ...\nlimunada ...\nBilo je i sladoleda, ali zaboravio sam ga u zamrziva\u010du :(\ntorta sa sirom ...\n\nGerman: \nHallo, hallo Lieblinge ...\nHeute wollte ich das Zitronenkonzept mit Ihnen teilen ...\nIch fange gerade an ...\nLimonade...\nEs gab auch Eis, aber ich habe es im Gefrierschrank vergessen :(\nK\u00e4sekuchen...\n\nKorean: \n\uc548\ub155, \uc548\ub155 \uc790\uae30 ...\n\uc624\ub298 \uc800\ub294 \ub808\ubaac \ucee8\uc149\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uacfc \uacf5\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n\ub098\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4 ...\n\ub808\ubaac \uc5d0\uc774\ub4dc...\n\uc544\uc774\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bc\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \ub0c9\ub3d9\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc78a\uc5b4 \ubc84\ub838\uc5b4\uc694 :(\n\uce58\uc988 \ucf00\uc78c...\n\nEnglish: \nHello, hello sweethearts ...\nToday I wanted to share the lemon concept with you ...\nI'm starting right now ...\nlemonade...\nThere was  ice cream too, but I forgot it in the freezer :(\ncheesecake...\n\nIndonesian: \nHalo, halo sayang ...\nHari ini saya ingin berbagi konsep lemon dengan Anda ...\nSaya mulai sekarang ...\nLimun...\nAda es krim juga, tapi saya lupa di freezer :(\nkue keju...\n\nDutch: \nHallo, hallo lieverds ...\nVandaag wilde ik het citroenconcept met jullie delen ...\nIk begin nu ...\nlimonade...\nEr was ook ijs, maar ik vergat het in de vriezer :(\ncheesecake ...\n\nTurkish: \nMerhaba, merhaba tatl\u0131\u015flar\u0131m...\nBug\u00fcn sizlerle limon konseptini payla\u015fmak istedim...\nhemen ba\u015fl\u0131yorum...\nlimonata...\nbuz parmak dondurma da vard\u0131 ama buzlukta unutmu\u015fum :(\ncheesecake...\n\nNorwegian: \nHei, hei kj\u00e6re ...\nI dag \u00f8nsket jeg \u00e5 dele sitronkonseptet med deg ...\nJeg begynner akkurat n\u00e5 ...\nlimonade...\nDet var is ogs\u00e5, men jeg glemte den i fryseren :(\nostekake ...\n\nRussian: \n\u0417\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0438 ...\n\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430 ...\n\u042f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 ...\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434...\n\u041c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b :(\n\u0447\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0435\u0439\u043a ...\n\nBulgarian: \n\u0417\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0438 ...\n\u0414\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d ...\n\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u0430 ...\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430 ...\n\u0418\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0434, \u043d\u043e \u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0444\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 :(\n\u0447\u0438\u0439\u0437\u043a\u0435\u0439\u043a ...\n\nPortuguese: \nOl\u00e1, queridos ...\nHoje eu queria compartilhar o conceito do lim\u00e3o com voc\u00eas ...\nEstou come\u00e7ando agora ...\nlimonada...\nTinha sorvete tamb\u00e9m, mas esqueci no freezer :(\nbolo de queijo...\n\nJapanese: \n\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f\u604b\u4eba...\n\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c8\u3092\u7686\u3055\u3093\u3068\u5171\u6709\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059...\n\u79c1\u306f\u4eca\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059...\n\u30ec\u30e2\u30cd\u30fc\u30c9...\n\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u51b7\u51cd\u5eab\u3067\u5fd8\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f:(\n\u30c1\u30fc\u30ba\u30b1\u30fc\u30ad...\n\nFrench: \nBonjour, bonjour les amoureux ...\nAujourd'hui je voulais partager avec vous le concept du citron ...\nJe commence tout de suite ...\nlimonade...\nIl y avait aussi de la glace, mais je l'ai oubli\u00e9 dans le cong\u00e9lateur :(\ncheesecake...\n\nItalian: \npalline di gelatina al limone :)\nAdoro quel suono :)\n\nBulgarian: \n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438 :)\n\u041e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438 :)\n\nKorean: \n\ub808\ubaac \uc824\ub9ac \ubcfc :)\n\ub098\ub294 \uadf8 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud55c\ub2e4 :)\n\nTurkish: \nlimonlu j\u00f6le toplar\u0131 :)\n\u00e7\u0131kan sesi \u00e7ok seviyorum :)\n\nNorwegian: \nsitron gel\u00e9 baller :)\nJeg elsker det h\u00f8res ut :)\n\nIndonesian: \nbola jeli lemon :)\nSaya suka yang terdengar :)\n\nPortuguese: \nbolas de gelatina de lim\u00e3o :)\nEu amo esse som :)\n\nArabic: \n\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 :)\n\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 :)\n\nRussian: \n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 :)\n\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 :)\n\nGerman: \nZitronengelee-Kugeln :)\nIch liebe das klingt :)\n\nSpanish: \nbolas de gelatina de lim\u00f3n :)\nAmo eso suena :)\n\nChinese: \n\u67e0\u6aac\u679c\u51bb\u7403:)\n\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u542c\u8d77\u6765:)\n\nDutch: \ncitroengeleiballen :)\nIk hou van die geluiden :)\n\nEnglish: \nlemon jelly balls :)\nI love that sounds :)\n\nBosnian: \nlimunske \u017eele kuglice :)\nVolim to zvuci :)\n\nHindi: \n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u091c\u0947\u0932\u0940 \u0917\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0902 :)\n\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 :)\n\nFrench: \nboules de gel\u00e9e de citron :)\nJ'adore \u00e7a sonne :)\n\nSwedish: \ncitrongel\u00e9bollar :)\nJag \u00e4lskar det l\u00e5ter :)\n\nJapanese: \n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u30bc\u30ea\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30eb:)\n\u79c1\u306f\u305d\u306e\u97f3\u304c\u5927\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059:)\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nbebola serai :)\nSaya suka bunyi itu :)\n\nJapanese: \n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30ad\u30dd\u30c3\u30d7\u30b9...\n\u305d\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30c1\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002\n\nPortuguese: \nbolo de lim\u00e3o aparece ...\nN\u00e3o \u00e9 crocante muito bom?\n\nNorwegian: \nsitronkake spretter ...\nEr ikke det knase veldig hyggelig?\n\nHindi: \n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0915 \u091a\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0930\u0947 ...\n\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?\n\nDutch: \ncitroentaart knalt ...\nIs dat crunch niet erg lekker?\n\nChinese: \n\u67e0\u6aac\u86cb\u7cd5\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u6709\u673a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269...\n\u7d27\u7f29\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u5417\uff1f\n\nBulgarian: \n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0448 ...\n\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e?\n\nTurkish: \nlimonlu cake pops...\nbu \u00e7\u0131t\u0131rt\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00fczel de\u011fil mi?\n\nArabic: \n\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0639\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ...\n\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u061f\n\nRussian: \n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0433 ...\n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e?\n\nGerman: \nZitronenkuchen knallt ...\nIst das nicht sehr sch\u00f6n?\n\nItalian: \ntorta al limone pops ...\nNon \u00e8 molto carino quello scricchiolio?\n\nKorean: \n\ub808\ubaac \ucf00\uc774\ud06c \ud31d ...\n\uadf8 \uc704\uae30\uac00 \uc544\uc8fc \uc88b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c?\n\nSpanish: \npastel de lim\u00f3n ...\n\u00bfNo es muy agradable ese crujido?\n\nSwedish: \ncitronkakapoppar ...\n\u00c4r det inte s\u00e5 knepigt trevligt?\n\nFrench: \ng\u00e2teau au citron pop ...\nCe crunch n'est-il pas tr\u00e8s agr\u00e9able?\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nkek lemon muncul ...\nBukankah masalah itu sangat baik?\n\nBosnian: \nlimunov kola\u010d ...\nNije li to fino vrlo lijepo?\n\nIndonesian: \nkue lemon muncul ...\nBukankah itu sangat enak?\n\nEnglish: \nlemon cake pops ...\nIsn't that crunch very nice?\n\nNorwegian: \nJeg skal spise en til :)\n\nRussian: \n\u042f \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 :)\n\nGerman: \nIch werde noch einen essen :)\n\nBulgarian: \n\u0429\u0435 \u044f\u043c \u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 :)\n\nIndonesian: \nSaya akan makan satu lagi :)\n\nTurkish: \nbir tane daha yiyece\u011fim :)\n\nHindi: \n\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u090a\u0902\u0917\u093e :)\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nSaya akan makan satu lagi :)\n\nKorean: \n\ud558\ub098 \ub354 \uba39\uc744 \uac8c\uc694 :)\n\nChinese: \n\u6211\u4f1a\u518d\u5403\u4e00\u4e2a:)\n\nItalian: \nNe manger\u00f2 ancora uno :)\n\nEnglish: \nI will eat one more :)\n\nJapanese: \n\u3082\u30461\u3064\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059:)\n\nDutch: \nIk eet er nog een :)\n\nPortuguese: \nVou comer mais um :)\n\nArabic: \n\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 :)\n\nFrench: \nJe vais en manger un de plus :)\n\nSpanish: \nMe comer\u00e9 uno m\u00e1s :)\n\nSwedish: \nJag kommer att \u00e4ta en till :)\n\nBosnian: \nPojest \u0107u jo\u0161 jednu :)\n\nChinese: \n\u5f88\u9178\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5403\u67e0\u6aac\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u5199\uff1b\uff09\n\u67e0\u6aac\u7cd6...\n\u6211\u7684\u7259\u9f7f\u75bc:(\n\nItalian: \nmolto aspro, chi pu\u00f2 mangiare il limone, scrivi nei commenti;)\ncaramelle al limone ...\nMi fa male il dente :(\n\nTurkish: \n\u00e7ok ek\u015fi, limon yiyebilenler kim yorumlara yaz\u0131n ;)\nlimonlu \u015feker...\ndi\u015fim a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131 :(\n\nSpanish: \nmuy amargo, que puede comer lim\u00f3n, escribe en los comentarios;)\ncaramelo de lim\u00f3n ...\nMe duele el diente :(\n\nRussian: \n\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0439, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u044a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0445;)\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0442\u0430 ...\n\u0417\u0443\u0431 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043b :(\n\nIndonesian: \nsangat asam, siapa yang bisa makan lemon, tulis di komentar;)\npermen lemon ...\nGigi saya sakit :(\n\nBosnian: \nvrlo kiselo, tko mo\u017ee jesti limun, napi\u0161ite u komentarima;)\nbombon od limuna ...\nZub me zabolio :(\n\nBulgarian: \n\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d, \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435;)\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043d\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0438 ...\n\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0435 \u0437\u044a\u0431 :(\n\nGerman: \nsehr sauer, wer Zitrone essen kann, schreibe in die Kommentare;)\nZitronens\u00fc\u00dfigkeit ...\nMein Zahn tat weh :(\n\nNorwegian: \nveldig sur, som kan spise sitron, skriv i kommentarene;)\nsitrongodis ...\nTannen min gjorde vondt :(\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nsangat masam, yang boleh makan lemon, tulis di komen;)\ngula-gula lemon ...\nGigi saya sakit :(\n\nPortuguese: \nmuito azedo, quem pode comer lim\u00e3o, escreva nos coment\u00e1rios;)\ndoce de lim\u00e3o ...\nMeu dente doeu :(\n\nHindi: \n\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0916\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e, \u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0916\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947\u0902;)\n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0940 ...\n\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u094b\u091f \u0932\u0917\u0940 :(\n\nKorean: \n\ub808\ubaac\uc744 \uba39\uc744 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc2e0\ub9db\uc774 \ub098\ub294 \ub313\uae00\uc744 \uc368\uc8fc\uc138\uc694.)\n\ub808\ubaac \uce94\ub514 ...\n\ub0b4 \uce58\uc544\uac00 \uc544\ud30c :(\n\nSwedish: \nv\u00e4ldigt sur, som kan \u00e4ta citron, skriv i kommentarerna;)\ncitrongodis ...\nMin tand gjorde ont :(\n\nFrench: \ntr\u00e8s aigre, qui peut manger du citron, \u00e9crivez dans les commentaires;)\nbonbons au citron ...\nMa dent me fait mal :(\n\nEnglish: \nvery sour, who can eat lemon, write in the comments;)\nlemon candy...\nMy tooth hurt :(\n\nJapanese: \n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u3092\u98df\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9178\u3063\u3071\u3044\u3001\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044;\uff09\n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc...\n\u79c1\u306e\u6b6f\u304c\u75db\u3044:(\n\nDutch: \nerg zuur, wie kan citroen eten, schrijf in de comments;)\ncitroensuikergoed ...\nMijn tand doet pijn :(\n\nArabic: \n\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u061b)\n\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ...\n\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a :(\n\nBosnian: \nPoje\u0161\u0107u vam jo\u0161 kri\u0161ku limuna: D\n\nDutch: \nIk eet nog een schijfje citroen voor je: D\n\nJapanese: \n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u3092\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u679a\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002D\n\nBulgarian: \n\u0429\u0435 \u0432\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u044f\u043c \u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d: D\n\nKorean: \n\ub808\ubaac \ud55c \uc870\uac01 \ub354 \uba39\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 : D\n\nSwedish: \nJag \u00e4ter ytterligare en citronskiva \u00e5t dig: D\n\nGerman: \nIch werde noch eine Zitronenscheibe f\u00fcr dich essen: D.\n\nChinese: \n\u6211\u518d\u7ed9\u4f60\u5403\u4e00\u7247\u67e0\u6aac\uff1aD\n\nFrench: \nJe vais manger une autre tranche de citron pour vous: D\n\nIndonesian: \nSaya akan makan sepotong lemon lagi untuk Anda: D\n\nArabic: \n\u0633\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646: \u062f\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nSaya akan makan sepotong lemon lagi untuk anda: D\n\nSpanish: \nComer\u00e9 otra rodaja de lim\u00f3n para ti: D\n\nItalian: \nManger\u00f2 un'altra fetta di limone per te: D\n\nEnglish: \nI'll eat another slice of lemon for you: D\n\nPortuguese: \nVou comer outra rodela de lim\u00e3o para voc\u00ea: D\n\nHindi: \n\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u0941\u0915\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090a\u0902\u0917\u093e: \u0921\u0940\n\nTurkish: \nsizin i\u00e7in bir dilim daha limon yiyece\u011fim :D\n\nRussian: \n\u042f \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043c\u0442\u0438\u043a \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430: D\n\nNorwegian: \nJeg spiser nok en sitronskive til deg: D\n\nBosnian: \nlimun pop torta\nne stvara puno buke, dosta je za to ...\nlimunov \u017eele ...\n\nHindi: \n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u092a\u0949\u092a \u0915\u0947\u0915\n\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948 ...\n\u0928\u0940\u0902\u092c\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0947\u0932\u0940 ...\n\nBulgarian: \n\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043f\n\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0434\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0443\u043c, \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044a\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e ...\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435 ...\n\nJapanese: \n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u30dd\u30c3\u30d7\u30b1\u30fc\u30ad\n\u305d\u308c\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u97f3\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3059...\n\u30ec\u30e2\u30f3\u30bc\u30ea\u30fc...\n\nFrench: \ng\u00e2teau pop au citron\n\u00e7a ne fait pas beaucoup de bruit, \u00e7a suffit pour \u00e7a ...\ngel\u00e9e de citron ...\n\nIndonesian: \nkue pop lemon\ntidak menimbulkan banyak suara, itu cukup untuk itu ...\njeli lemon ...\n\nChinese: \n\u67e0\u6aac\u6c7d\u6c34\u86cb\u7cd5\n\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\u566a\u97f3\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u4e86...\n\u67e0\u6aac\u679c\u51bb...\n\nGerman: \nZitronen-Pop-Kuchen\nes macht nicht viel L\u00e4rm, das reicht daf\u00fcr ...\nZitronengelee ...\n\nRussian: \n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0442\n\u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0443\u043c\u0430, \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 ...\n\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435 ...\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nkek pop limau\nia tidak membuat banyak bunyi, cukup untuk itu ...\njeli lemon ...\n\nSpanish: \npastel de lim\u00f3n\nno hace mucho ruido, ya es suficiente ...\ngelatina de lim\u00f3n ...\n\nArabic: \n\u0643\u0639\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u200b\u200b\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\n\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 ...\n\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 ...\n\nSwedish: \ncitron pop t\u00e5rta\ndet g\u00f6r inte mycket buller, det r\u00e4cker f\u00f6r det ...\ncitrongel\u00e9 ...\n\nItalian: \ntorta al limone\nnon fa molto rumore, gli basta ...\ngelatina di limone ...\n\nDutch: \ncitroen pop cake\nhet maakt niet veel herrie, dat is er genoeg voor ...\ncitroengelei ...\n\nKorean: \n\ub808\ubaac \ud31d \ucf00\uc774\ud06c\n\uc18c\uc74c\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ucda9\ubd84\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 ...\n\ub808\ubaac \uc824\ub9ac ...\n\nPortuguese: \nbolo de lim\u00e3o\nn\u00e3o faz muito barulho, d\u00e1 para isso ...\ngel\u00e9ia de lim\u00e3o ...\n\nTurkish: \nlimonlu pop kek\nbundan \u00e7ok ses \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor onun i\u00e7in bu kadar yeter...\nlimonlu jelibon...\n\nEnglish: \nlemon pop cake\nit doesn't make a lot of noise, that's enough for it...\nlemon jelly ...\n\nNorwegian: \nsitron pop kake\ndet lager ikke mye st\u00f8y, det er nok for det ...\nsitrongel\u00e9 ...\n\nSpanish: \nuno mas :))\novvvv muy malo: D\nr\u00edndete conmigo, ya es suficiente ...\nEspero que lo hayan disfrutado\nsi te ha gustado, no olvides dar me gusta a mi video, suscr\u00edbete a mi canal y s\u00edgueme en instagram ...\nlos amo tanto a todos\nNos vemos en el pr\u00f3ximo video, amores ...\nadi\u00f3s ...\n\nTurkish: \nbir tane daha :))\novvvv \u00e7ok fena :D\nbenden pes, bu kadar yeter...\numar\u0131m ho\u015funuza gitmi\u015ftir, umar\u0131m keyif alm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r.\ne\u011fer keyif ald\u0131ysan\u0131z, l\u00fctfen videomu be\u011fenmeyi, kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131 ve beni instagramdan takip etmeyi unutmay\u0131n ...\nhepinizi \u00e7ok \u00e7ok \u00e7ok seviyorum\nbir daha ki videoda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tatl\u0131\u015flar\u0131m...\nbye bye...\n\nJapanese: \n\u3082\u30461\u3064:)\uff09\novvvv\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u60aa\u3044\uff1aD\n\u79c1\u3092\u3042\u304d\u3089\u3081\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3059...\n\u697d\u3057\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\n\u305d\u308c\u3092\u697d\u3057\u3093\u3060\u3089\u3001\u5fd8\u308c\u305a\u306b\u79c1\u306e\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u3092\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\u3092\u30b5\u30d6\u30b9\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3067\u79c1\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044...\n\u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3092\u3068\u3066\u3082\u3068\u3066\u3082\u611b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\n\u6b21\u306e\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u3067\u304a\u4f1a\u3044\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3001\u604b\u4eba...\n\u30d0\u30a4\u30d0\u30a4 ...\n\nGerman: \neiner noch :))\novvvv sehr schlecht: D.\ngib mich auf, das reicht ...\nIch hoffe, dass es Ihnen gefallen hat\nWenn es dir gefallen hat, vergiss bitte nicht, mein Video zu m\u00f6gen, meinen Kanal zu abonnieren und mir auf Instagram zu folgen ...\nIch liebe euch alle so sehr\nWir sehen uns im n\u00e4chsten Video, Lieblinge ...\nTsch\u00fcss ...\n\nRussian: \n\u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d :))\novvvv \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e: D\n\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f, \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 ...\n\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c\n\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0430\u0439\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 ...\n\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e\n\u0423\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 ...\n\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430-\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 ...\n\nNorwegian: \nen til :))\novvvv veldig d\u00e5rlig: D\ngi opp meg, det er nok ...\njeg h\u00e5per du likte det\nhvis du likte det, ikke glem \u00e5 like videoen min, abonner p\u00e5 kanalen min og f\u00f8lg meg p\u00e5 instagram ...\njeg elsker dere alle s\u00e5 mye\nVi sees i neste video, kj\u00e6re ...\nha det ...\n\nItalian: \nuno in pi\u00f9 :))\novvvv pessimo: D\nrinunciare a me, basta ...\nSpero ti sia piaciuto\nse ti \u00e8 piaciuto, non dimenticare di mettere mi piace al mio video, iscriviti al mio canale e seguimi su instagram ...\nvi amo tutti cos\u00ec tanto\nCi vediamo nel prossimo video, innamorati ...\nCiao ciao ...\n\nEnglish: \none more :))\novvvv very bad: D\ngive up on me, that's enough ...\nI hope you enjoyed it\nif you enjoyed it, please don't forget to like my video, subscribe to my channel and follow me on instagram ...\ni love you all so so much\nSee you in the next video, sweethearts ...\nbye bye ...\n\nDutch: \nnog een :))\novvvv erg slecht: D\ngeef me op, dat is genoeg ...\nik hoop dat je het leuk vond\nals je het leuk vond, vergeet dan niet mijn video leuk te vinden, abonneer je op mijn kanaal en volg me op instagram ...\nIk hou zoveel van jullie allemaal\nTot ziens in de volgende video, schatjes ...\ntot ziens ...\n\nBulgarian: \n\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e :))\novvvv \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0448\u043e: D\n\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 ...\n\u041d\u0430\u0434\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0438 \u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043b\u043e\n\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0438, \u0430\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 instagram ...\n\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043c\n\u0429\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0449\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0438 ...\n\u0447\u0430\u043e \u0447\u0430\u043e ...\n\nKorean: \n\ud558\ub098 \ub354 :))\novvvv \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub098\uc068 : D\n\ud3ec\uae30 \ud574, \uadf8\ub9cc\ud574 ...\n\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uc990\uacbc\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4\n\uc990\uac70\uc6e0\ub2e4\uba74 \uc81c \uc601\uc0c1 \uc88b\uc544\uc694, \uad6c\ub3c5, \uc778\uc2a4 \ud0c0 \uadf8\ub7a8 \ud314\ub85c\uc6b0 \ud574\uc8fc\uc138\uc694 ...\n\ub098\ub294 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc744 \ub108\ubb34\ub098 \uc0ac\ub791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4\n\ub2e4\uc74c \uc601\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub098\uc694, \uc5f0\uc778\ub4e4 ...\n\uc548\ub155 ...\n\nIndonesian: \nsatu lagi :))\novvvv sangat buruk: D\nmenyerah padaku, itu cukup ...\nSaya harap Anda menikmatinya\njika Anda menikmatinya, jangan lupa untuk menyukai video saya, berlangganan saluran saya dan ikuti saya di instagram ...\naku sangat mencintaimu\nSampai jumpa di video berikutnya, sayang ...\nsampai jumpa ...\n\nHindi: \n\u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 :))\novvvv \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c: \u0921\u0940\n\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u094b, \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0939\u0948 ...\n\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\n\u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0906\u092f\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0943\u092a\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0928 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092b\u0949\u0932\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 ...\n\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u092a \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\n\u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947\u092e\u0928 ...\n\u0905\u0932\u0935\u093f\u0926\u093e ...\n\nBosnian: \njo\u0161 jedan :))\novvvv jako lo\u0161e: D\nodustani od mene, dosta je ...\nNadam se da ste u\u017eivali\nako ste u\u017eivali, molim vas, ne zaboravite da lajkate moj video, pretplatite se na moj kanal i pratite me na instagramu ...\nsve vas toliko volim\nVidimo se u sljede\u0107em videu, du\u0161ice ...\n\u0107ao \u0107ao ...\n\nMalay (macrolanguage): \nsatu lagi :))\novvvv sangat teruk: D\nmenyerah pada saya, itu sudah cukup ...\nSaya harap anda menikmatinya\njika anda menikmatinya, jangan lupa untuk menyukai video saya, melanggan saluran saya dan ikuti saya di instagram ...\nsaya sangat sayangkan anda semua\nJumpa di video seterusnya, kekasih ...\nselamat tinggal ...\n\nFrench: \nun de plus :))\novvvv tr\u00e8s mauvais: D\nabandonne-moi, \u00e7a suffit ...\nJ'esp\u00e8re que tu as aim\u00e9\nsi cela vous a plu, n'oubliez pas d'aimer ma vid\u00e9o, de vous abonner \u00e0 ma cha\u00eene et de me suivre sur instagram ...\nje vous aime tous tellement\nRendez-vous dans la prochaine vid\u00e9o, ch\u00e9rie ...\nBye Bye ...\n\nPortuguese: \nmais um :))\novvvv muito ruim: D\ndesista de mim, chega ...\nEspero que tenha gostado\nse voc\u00ea gostou, por favor n\u00e3o esque\u00e7a de curtir meu v\u00eddeo, se inscreva no meu canal e me siga no instagram ...\neu amo muito todos voc\u00eas\nVejo voc\u00eas no pr\u00f3ximo v\u00eddeo, queridos ...\ntchau tchau ...\n\nSwedish: \nen till :))\novvvv mycket d\u00e5ligt: \u200b\u200bD\nge upp mig, det r\u00e4cker ...\nJag hoppas att du tyckte om det\nom du gillade det, gl\u00f6m inte att gilla min video, prenumerera p\u00e5 min kanal och f\u00f6lj mig p\u00e5 instagram ...\njag \u00e4lskar er alla s\u00e5 mycket\nVi ses i n\u00e4sta video, \u00e4lsklingar ...\nhejd\u00e5 ...\n\nArabic: \n\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 :))\novvvv \u0633\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u062f\n\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a ...\n\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 instagram ...\n\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\n\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0628\u0629 ...\n\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 ...\n\nChinese: \n\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a \uff1a\uff09\uff09\novvvv\u975e\u5e38\u7cdf\u7cd5\uff1aD\n\u653e\u5f03\u6211\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u4e86...\n\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u559c\u6b22\u5b83\n\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u559c\u6b22\u5b83\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u559c\u6b22\u6211\u7684\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u8ba2\u9605\u6211\u7684\u9891\u9053\u5e76\u5728instagram\u4e0a\u5173\u6ce8\u6211...\n\u6211\u597d\u7231\u4f60\u4eec\n\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u89c1\uff0c\u4eb2\u7231\u7684...\n\u518d\u89c1 ...\n"], ["O Homem e os seres, como um todo, vieram ao mundo para um trabalho fundamental.\nQue \u00e9 a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de si mesmos.\nE, se n\u00e3o fizeram isso, n\u00e3o fizeram nada.\nEntendem isso?\nSe voc\u00ea veio ao mundo e n\u00e3o se construiu mais parecido com o modelo de Ideal Humano,\nse n\u00e3o deu um passo em dire\u00e7\u00e3o a esse Ideal,\nem suma, a sua vida se resume a nada.\nEssa \u00e9 a grande tarefa de toda Cria\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\u00c9 como se voc\u00eas imaginassem o seguinte: n\u00f3s somos educadores,\ne resolvemos reformar o segundo grau.\nTr\u00eas anos est\u00e1 muito pouco, vamos colocar cinco? O que voc\u00ea acha?\nVamos incluir mais umas disciplinas.\nTomara que n\u00e3o tenha nenhum secundarista aqui, que vai querer me matar.\nA gente reforma o segundo grau.\nEle existe no plano das Ideias, ningu\u00e9m entrou l\u00e1, ainda.\nMas no plano das Ideias j\u00e1 existe direitinho o que voc\u00ea vai estudar no 1\u00ba, 2\u00ba, 3\u00ba, 4\u00ba e 5\u00ba ano.\nE a habilidade que uma pessoa que chega ao 5\u00ba ano tem que ter.\nImaginem que a Natureza fez isso com a condi\u00e7\u00e3o de todos os seres,\ninclusive o Ser Humano.\nAntes que existisse o primeiro Ser Humano,\nA Natureza j\u00e1 tinha sonhado com esse processo.\nNo plano das Ideias.\nComo se come\u00e7a o processo, como se avan\u00e7a, o que \u00e9 um Homen Ideal.\nE ela espera que algu\u00e9m cumpra esse trajeto.\nDo ponto de partida, que \u00e9 aquele ser mais rude,\nquase que um animal,\nat\u00e9 um Ser que \u00e9 puro valor, Virtude e Sabedoria.\nE ela sonha com isso.\nExiste no plano das Ideias desde que o Universo foi criado.\nO Ideal de cada coisa. E isso \u00e9 intuitivo para n\u00f3s, gente.\nN\u00e3o sei se voc\u00eas percebem, isso parece complicado, mas n\u00e3o \u00e9, isso \u00e9 \u00f3bvio.\n"], ["Lacan, us and the real 36th session. There is a\nJapanese proverb that I like\nbecause it says:\", if you're in a hurry, do a\ndetour\". That's what we're going to do today.\na little detour.\nYou're listening, yes, but do you catch \na little something that looks real?\nIn the difficult task of making your hear  tonight...\nlet's say something.\ncan we hear?\nwe can't hear!\nAnd how's that sound? Are you okay?\ntoday we're going to make a little detour through a text apparently very far from what we are given to live with\nAt this moment and yet it's perhaps the nearest and sharpest\nto understand where we are today.\nthis text is Lacan's \"l'\u00e9tourdit\", it's a major text.\nBecause it is between the seminars \"ou pire...\" and \"encore\" and this passage\nIt's the passage of truth as it is transmissible\nIn the form of a matheme as a knowledge, that's in \"ou pire\" the seminar on logic.\nwith the use of Cantor set theory.\nBut also G\u00f6del of course, Bertrand Russell...\netc. and it's about the mathematical structure\nIn so far as it contains the possibility of accessing the truth through logic\nthat's where Lacan returns to the Aristotelian prosdiorisms...\nyou know that's how he's going to probe the sexual formulas.\ni.e. \"for all x\" and \"there is an x\" these two prosdiorisms\nwill be denied and the particularity\nof the Lacanian approach is going to be denial,\nwith regard to feminine sexuation\non the quantor and not on the function.\nthe function is obviously \"phi of x\" the phallic function\nand that's where the sexuation will be determined...\nmen and women.\nSo the part between \"ou pire...\" and \"encore\" is the part\nbetween the possibility of knowledge that would be fully transferable\nin the form of mathematics, that's what characterizes knowledge\nas it is transmitted, and the analytical knowledge that is from another stuff\nif you'll pardon the expression, since it's something that's just...\nWhich can't be passed on and it's in that \"ou pire\" to \"encore\" passage\nthat Lacan is going to drop math to return to the notion of feminine jouissance...\nin order to re-approach the truth that psychoanalysis deals with...\nnot under that of true and false,\na formal truth that is condensable, expressible, transmissible by mathematics\nthis time it's about something else - making a difference.\nBetween the symbolic and the real, quite simply\nso the real of female jouissance\nbetween these two seminars there is the text \"l' \u00e9tourdit\" (with a T)\nso we've been doing some little work and we've been reading and rereading l'\u00e9tourdit\nAnd then we also read and reread additional readings which are those of\nBarbara Cassin and Alain Badiou for the philosophical part and that of\nChristian Fierens for the psychoanalytical part. It is quite curious to note\nIn these readings, there is no mention on\nThe strict homology between tautology, the structure on which Lacan insists\nsince it is of course, about using  his theory of  the 4 discourses and how they differ\nthe three HUM discourses and the A discourse. notice that it makes HUMA as human\nWhat Lacan particularly insists on\nThis is precisely what we would like to come back : there are three discourses\nwhich are spherical discourses and one\ndiscourse which is of Moebian structure\nWhat does that mean? It means...\nthat for each\nMaster, hysterical, academic, there's an inside and an outside...\nThese are discourses that Lacan describes as univocal: one is either inside or outside...\nthese three discourses are the modalities\n(we're in the modal), the modalities of substitution of absent sexual intercourse\nI'm gonna come back to that because\nobviously if I say it just in a crude way.\nit might cause a little problem of interpretation.\nso those three discourses are what\nthe speaking being that we are\nmakes up for the absence of sexual relation\nso we've seen this a few times, but\nwe have to come back to it again\nThe master's discourse is a discourse that rests...\n...truth makes structure of  every discoure\nthe truth is on the bottom left .\nit's the barred S, the division of the subject, and this division, we've seen it,\nIs caused by the signifier, by the fact that\nwe're already spoken before we can be speak\nand the arrow pointing to the upper left to the semblance\nOf the signifier and the one that leads to the top right\ntowards jouissance is going to stage right now S1 and S2.\ni.e. the master signifier that connects to the knowledge S2\nThis top line is marked with the seal of the impossible...\nI remind you that these three\ndiscourses represent an impossible\nalready spotted by Freud\nthe impossible there obviously in the master discourse  is the impossible to govern\nthe impossible to govern, is shown as the impossible between s1 and s2\nthe master signifier in its connection to knowledge\nThere's something about the impossible...\nAnd the production, what's going to fall out of it, is object a. that's where it gets interesting.\nWhat I haven't told you yet\nis that  this little a, here, well, it's in this way that\na universe can take consistency ( but\nit's an imaginary consistency)\nBecause that little a is what makes function of being\nbut I remind you that we are in a\ndiscourse so there is no being\nThe being that falls there is a letter. \nTo say: the letter \"a\" comes to serve as a fiction of being\nand from there a referential universe is created\nfrom there we can\nimagine that the words refer to something else\nthan to the chain of signifiers, i.e. a\nsignifier that will define itself in relation to another signifier\nby just a difference from this signifier\nSo words that interdefine each other...\njust by one small difference\nBetween \"Bois\" and \"Pois\" between \"Boire\" and \"Poire\"\nit's just differences\nWho will define signifiers as\ndifferent from themselves,\nso a signifier is always defined in relation to another signifier and in the difference it has with another signifier\nBut from the moment the word took the place of the thing...\nso the master's discourse\nthe establishment of the master's discourse; from that moment on there is a fall,\nthere is a loss because language can't take it all .\nall encompassed and therefore all that is not encompassed by language\nI remind you it's a spherical discourse.\nSo what's not taken from the\nsphere of language falls in the form of an object\nbut that object there is a letter; the letter is the edge.\nit's the littoral, it's the literal, it's the\nedge between what is the order of a discursive constitution\nthat's gonna lead us down a meaningful chain\nbetween one signifier and another signifier etc. and we will construct\nan imaginary world, a consistant universe\nfrom this letter\nwe can say that Lacan at that moment\nwarns us and tells us that\nThere's nothing else in the world that a small object a,\nwhich is a little hard to swallow anyway.\nsince you say: \"No, look around us.\nThere's the world, the trees, the forests, the people,\nhistory, animals, stars, yes.\nbut this we don't have access to, it's...\nto say we have access exclusively to words\nthe words that will make\nmediating between us and what we call the world\nand that's how we give it consistency, it's through this little a\nIt is placed in the lower right-hand corner of the master's discourse.\nand the other two discourses that will come to try to solve this problem of a\ni.e. to neutralize it or even naturalize it...\ni.e. make him native himself of the discourse\nthey will be treated differently by the hysterical and academic discourse\nAs we have already seen, this is the essence of the two previous seminars.\ndedicated to exploring this dynamic\nhere we have three discoursees that\nin some ways are variations of the master's discourse...\nObviously we're in the master's discourse.\nwhen operating in this ratio between S1 and S2\nbut we're also in the master's discourse, paradoxically,\nin the hysterical discourse or in the academic discourse , not in the same way but in the master's discourse\nWe're within our possibilities to solve this little \"a\".\nof the master's discourse, to settle it, to solve it\nMoving on to another discourse\nso here we have in these three discourses\nwhat Lacan calls the spherical mode\nthese are unequivocal discourses\nunequivocal means that in order for us to have a chance to understand ourselves we have to manage that.\nroughly speaking, the words\nmeans for each of us the same thing\nif we say \"wall\" we suppose we'll all \npicture the same thing\nwhereas if you go through the\nthe analyst's discourse that only arrives in the twentieth century\nwith Freud and Lacan who puts it in the form of a matheme\nthat reveals how it works\nin particular by this system of discourses\nthat stage for each of us issues of our own jouissance\nin the way that desire functions in the signifiers, nevertheless, Lacan says \"it is Freud through his exploration of the unconscious\nby the definitive formulas he found for the unconscious\nthrough his clinical work, which is the founder of the analyst's discourse\".\nthis analyst's discourse how is it different?\nthese three discourses are spherical, he's moebian?\nThat means for the other discourses\nAs we've seen, words always end.\nby referring to a referent, which is one thing...\nwe can't just stay in the words, however the work of analysis\nis precisely to reset this\nbeginning in such a way\nthat the cut actually took place\nthe cut is of course \nThe cut between words and things, since the\ncut between words and things\nit's only in the analytical discourse\nthat it is Moebian, (which means designed on the model of the M\u00f6bius strip)\nfor which you go from one side to the other without crossing any edges.\nso what are we talking about then? we're talking about \"les tours dits\" (the spoken tours).\nWhich is written with a T since it's the tour of the said, the passage from the saying to the said and from the said to the saying\nthis passage is what Lacan calls the double loop cut...\nbecause it is no longer possible to\nrefer to an imaginary consistent universe\nthat's why Lacan says that \"there's nothing else in the world that a small object \"a.\"\nbecause the point of the analysis is to bring the subject who said something\nto reconnect this said to his saying,\n that is to say, to get back..\na kind of reset of the\nsystem, as we would say today\nIn the ability to say; so the said takes origin on the saying\nfor there to have been a said it would have been necessary, in the past future, that there has been a saying\nso the passage from the saying to the said and from the said to the saying and thus the cut is operative.\nand that cut, of course.\nit's nothing more than the subject itself.\nthe cut itself is the subject\nit's very surprising not to find that...\nin the comments on \"l'\u00e9tourdit\"\nbut at the same time is it so amazing\nthan that? since what we're talking about here is getting to say\nis that the analyst discourse is nothing more than the social bond\nproduced by the analytical cure\nWhich will have been carried to its logical conclusion. At that moment there are no more illusions to be made\ni.e. we are really cut off the world\nThat's true castration. That's where also that true psychoanalysis takes its dimension\nStrictly speaking, poetically\ni.e. the passage from the signifier to the meaning\nand back to the signifier, so we\ngo from said to saying and from saying to said...\nand we accept that, in doing so there's a rebalancing\nwhich is done in such a way that the\nsubject may give birth at that time\nOf a new master signifier who can't\nthus join the ancient knowledge\nit's another way, it's...\nsomething else that's going on and what\nanalytical discourse is a whole\nother \"stuff\" than the other three\nobviously in these comments on \"l'\u00e9tourdit\", it is never mentioned.\nlet's just say that what is forgotten\nnowadays\nin the comments on \"l '\u00e9tourdit\"  is simply the topology.\nThe passage to the structure, the strict\nhomology between structure and topology\nit's a question of discourse , and first of topology, so of places\nsince I remind you that the\nlanguage has two main functions\nfirst of representation: therefore the one that works in all three discourses\nsecond of place, and only the\nanalytical discourse helps to clarify\nHow the other three discourses work. And the minimum we have to do\nas we talk about the analysis\ntherefore of the analyst's discourse since\nthe analyst operates only from the discourse that conditions it\notherwise It's not analysis, it's psychology.\nhence of the academic discourse\nwhich is the more antagonist to the analytical discourse\nso if we go back to the analytical discourse\nwhat we learn from \"l'\u00e9tourdit\"\nIt first concerns  the psychoanalysts\nIt's about psychoanalysts,( I was going to say the real ones)Those who put themselves at the service of the analytical discourse\nnot those who serve the academic discourse.\nsince this is the opposite of the analytical discourse...\nso the question to always ask ourselves is:\n\"in what discourse did my subject get caught? \u00bb\nfor in psychoanalysis\na priori the subject is spoken before being\nspeaking and so he's caught\nin a discourse, and  that's how he apprehends. Lacan gives an example\nno mean feat since he's going to talk about Ferdinand de Saussure...\nwhen he talks about the arbitrariness of the sign\nWhen he invents linguistics, it's a science, and science at first.\nis in the order of the hysterical discourse\nsince it's a challenge to the unconscious  knowledge of the master and a fall of knowledge\nwho will be carried by the truth of\nthe hysterical one.\nthe truth comes down to knowledge, it comes to pointing out the flaw of knowledge\nand a scientific possibility is about to arise. So F. de Saussure invents linguistics...\nwhich is a science and in doing so he is\nin the hysteric's discourse\nBut without knowing it, Lacan specifies it in \"radiophonie\", he's not an analyst\nwhich keeps him from being an idiot...\nby wanting to be a scoundrel, because\nthe scoundrel in the psychoanalytical approach\nis the one who doesn't want to play the game of a discourse\nAnd to take over the jouissance of others\ndiscourse without playing the discourse game\nbut F. de Saussure is not a\nanalyst, nor is he a scoundrel.\nand so he won't go dumb because what happens to scoundrels is that they get stupid...\nLike Miller, for example. Here we have F. de Saussure.\nsomeone who's in the hysterical discourse\n and who, by uttering the words \"arbitrary sign\"...\nFalls without knowing it, in the master's discourse...\nhe doesn't know about the fall, but as we can't connect the signifier with the signified...\nshowing a discrepancy between the two, that there is no way to correlate\nto bridge that gap\ndoesn't mean it is arbitrary\nthat's where saying \"arbitrary\"\nhe goes back to the master's discourse\nSo that's an analytical approach.\nso the approach that allows \"l'\u00e9tourdit\" is to come back\nOn the foundations of psychoanalysis, very simply, an approach to discourse\nsince psychoanalysis is\na discourse and as a discourse\nit's a discourse clinic.\nwhich takes into account the\nspecificity of each of the discourses\nOf the three discourses and the analytical discourse which is no better than any other discourse...\ncontrary to what one might think following this introduction\nbut that's what makes it possible to pinpoint very precisely\nabout what is happening with the other discourses and the way they work\nand it makes it possible to understand today when you're in the academic discourse\nwe're in a corrupt master's discourse as Lacan says\nAnd when we're into the hysterical discourse, we're in the possibility of science\nso when, for example, someone like Macron says: \n\"there is no scientific consensus.\"\nIt's a contradiction in adjecto. Scientific consensus doesn't mean anything\nThere is never scientific consensus\nsince science is born of dissensus\nthere has to be dissensus for there to be science.\nsince the scientific truth that will appear at a moment is a fall of already established knowledge\nso there will never be scientific consensus\nso it's all ideological smoke and how could you not see it?\nprecisely if we are in this analytical perspective\nopened by Lacan and deployed in \"l'\u00e9tourdit\"\nAnd to comment \"l'\u00e9tourdit\" without mentioning the Discourses, topology,\nThe specificity of the analyst's discourse\nwhich is a Moebian discourse\nCompared to other discourses that are spherical and unambiguous\nWhile Moebian discourse is multi-vocal, in the passage from saying to said and from said to saying\nIt's the poetry of analytical discourse, but  not a hollow poetry.\nis the very poetry of being, since we\nare caught up in this discourse\nand it allows us to assume the castration\nthe assumption of castration\nthat's still the goal of psychoanalysis, but...\nwe know that psychoanalysis proposes at the end of the cure\nalways the rock of castration. There are few who pass the rock of castration\nsince there is little approach of the kind that distinguishes\nespecially in \"l'\u00e9tourdit\" where it's strictly about that.\nthe relation of the discourses, topology, and structure\nand the difference between\ndiscourses that are spherical and therefore closed\nand the discourses that allow the real cut called the double loop cut,\nthe Moebian Cut which only takes place from the emergence of the analytical discourse\nand especially for the analysand because he put his own skin in the story.\nbecause otherwise it's impossible to understand\nHe may be smart, Badiou, and I...\nwould say Cassin even more\nin that little book we read, but they\ncan't do it because they're not in analytical discourse...\nthey're in an academic discourse\nAnd when you're in the academic discourse\nyou're at the antagonism of analytical discourse...\nthen there's another approach that has interested us lately\nit's the Mandeville approach.\nBernard de Mandeville whom Lacan talks about in \"l'\u00e9thique\"\nwhich gave  ideas to some people\nnotably this philosopher who is\ninteresting to read, Dany Robert Dufour, who exhumed some Mandeville's texts including an absolutely wonderful text\nabout hypochondria and hysteria, dialogues...\nimagine dating back to 1700, it's exceptional, absolutely great.\nAnd Mandeville's thesis on the political dimension of\nwhat's going on there it's very applicable today.\nexcept we would not use the same words anymore, and so for Mandeville.\nthe tripartition that we find in psychoanalysis with Lacan\nin the embedded language structure that\nare: neurosis psychosis and perversion\nWell, at Mandeville's, there's gonna be a trilogy, too, but...\nit's not exactly the same since it takes a moral stance\nand an imagination based on fables:\nthe fable of the bees\nbecause Mandeville is the English translator of La fontaine.\nSo he wrote this as a fable and developed this thesis which cost him dearly...\nsince he's been disgraced as \"Man Devil,\"\ni.e. the devil man\nfor showing that the vices\nhad made the fortune of public goods\nand therefore the way he\nexplains this political functioning\nis that the bulk of the masses, the neurotics...\nto put it that way\nthose are the ones that are caught in the ego\nlacan shows that the self is a\nsymptom, that's the first symptom.\nAnd the ego doesn't want to hear about\nthe gap between the neurotic's self-image\nand what he's really doing\nso there's a discrepancy there that makes him manipulable, especially the obsessive one.\nbecause he's a man of many words, and you can just pay him with words;\nWith the social networks he's still paying himself with more words, so they he think he is virtuous.\nAnd imagining himself virtuous, he's going to lecture everyone\nHe preaches to others and then he gets himself\nsatisfied with this kind of blockage\nneurotic balancing act that's going to make\nthat he has a rewarding self-image...\nso it's self-defined\nwith two other populations\nThat neurotic who's the bulk of the\ntroop and which precisely allows all political manipulation\nwith what Mandeville calls the villains.\n\" villains\" obviously has a very strong moral connotation\nas likely to commit crimes etc.\nbut if you have to take them on a level that's not moral...\nthat is just ethical, since basically Lacan's work\nwas to transform the\nthree embedded language structures\nyou can't help but belong to one of these three structures...\nWe can go around in circles\nin any way that's impossible.\nNot to belong to one of these three...\nstructures neurosis psychosis perversion\nSo the villains, well, you could say...\nif we take them out of the moral dimension zone\nThat is to say, the mores of the XVIII century, but today there are also mores\nThat's the base of morality\nThese are the subjects who cannot register\nin a discourse, but as Lacan says...\nwhat characterizes the psychotic is they're missing a signifier.\nThe psychotic  can't get to know\nbecause he lacks a signifier\n\"the father's name\" precisely and therefore\n he can't get into a discourse.\nmost of them are adapted to the society\nand some, effectively, become serial killers who are capable of the worst scoundrels,\nthese can't fit into a discourse\nand then there are those who could fit in\na discourse because it's not a structural impossibility\nBut who don't want to join\nthey want to try to steal the\nenjoyment without playing the game\nWhose jouissance is ordered from an\ndiscourse, these are the perverts.\nobviously it is those who are holding, like\nVoltaire said:\n\"the little number who holds and makes the big number act\", who's manipulating all of this,\nso we're pretty close to conspiracy\nand all the fashionable ideas\nnow you can say as soon as\nyou don't agree\nwith the bullshit of the dominant discourse, you are suspected\nOf conspiracy, of plotting,\nSo, yes, there's a conspiracy, but as in\nkafka: a plot without conspirators\nbecause the conspirators\nthemselves don't know that they're already being manipulated by the signifier\nas a friend once said: I'll stop scheming\nWhen you stop plotting behind my back...\nThere's no conspiracy, but there's still a conspiracy that is a unconscious conspiracy\nthat is to say that they themselves are the play of the signifier...\nSince the signifier orders what happens and\npsychoanalysis is what makes it possible\njust to reconcile oneself with the alienation\nwhich is produced by the signifier\nto allow the possibility of an emerging subject\nAs seen in the form of a Mobian cut\nso the subject in psychoanalysis has absolutely nothing to do with subjectivity\nand subjectivity\nwhich is precisely what happens in the other three discourses\nstill, we can't say it has nothing to do\nsubjectivity carries the potential of\nsubject but the subject is the cut\nWhich has been realized from that potential and the subject is something that is real.\nprecisely because he can only be accessed through the symbolic\nbut he's no longer the symbolic\nhe is something that is always represented by a signifier for another signifier that does not represent him\nso it can't be directly perceptible, discernible\nAs soon as we talk about the subject we appeal to a signifier.\nto represent him. This is precisely what characterizes the psychoanalytic approach...\nin regard to other approaches including the philosophical approach\nand then the psychologizing or pseudo-psychoanalytical approach\nwhich is not the analytical approach because psychoanalysis\nis not to help people, as Lacan says...\nyou're gonna have a line out in front your practice. Psychoanalysis isn't like that.\nit is to allow the subject to conquer autonomy in the original sense of the word\nits own law, the law of the signifier, we've seen it,\nAnd to lead himself to his word since there is no other way out for the speaking being that we are\nthan to go to our own word...\nso what we actually find in Badiou, in Zizek\nBut also in many philosophers or\nof pseudo psychoanalysts\nbecause they are very nice, the school of Zizek in lubjana, the Slovenians\nexcept that they are not clinicians and therefore\nthey refer tall the time to ontology, but we've seen that ontology\nLacan writes it with an h (Hontology) because it is a shame to confuse the signifier and the sign.\nthis is not understood if you haven't been yourself on the couch\nor if we didn't go all the way.\nof the analytical cure, to its logical conclusion\nTo understand that it's the little a who is a semblance of ontology\npretending to \"be\" this little a, but it's\na letter pretending to \"be\".\nthere's no access to ontology. As soon as we ontologize, we're out of castration.\nwe get out of the fact that we're always caught\nin a discourse represented by a signifier for another signifier who doesn't represent us\nand we're swinging between said and saying  between enunciated and enunciation\nthat's what we're learning in the analytical discourse\nIndeed there's no room for ontology; that's why Lacan\ncalls it a \"honte au logis\" (shame at home),  shame not to dye of shame\nbecause to get out of this shame\nyou should be ashamed of yourself.\nto boast a representation of the world\na weltanschauung where precisely this is the order of the master's discourse\nIt's a substitute for a world view, but for a psychoanalyst there is no more.\nthere fore it is a \"saint\" position, not to be understood in the moral sense.\nBut in the sense of Mencius or Baltasar...\nGracian that is to say to un-charity\nit's exactly how Lacan treats \"ontology\"\nthat Badiou and the other philosophers would want\nthat is to say a not-being so it's a\ndiscourse of the master/being\nThis being here is just a semblance\n since what we have access\nIt's exclusively a letter, a\nletter that works with other math\nin a discourse, since we are a product of the discourse\nThere is no reality that is not discourse-generated\nso just appearing to be so is both what is not, what appears to be...\nit shields both senses of the\nterm\n\"pare\" as fend off a blow,  the blow of being\nAnd \"pare\" in the sense of embellishing, it is appearance but there's no being.\nBeing is what is given by its absence.\nwhich is not to say that there is no being\nit means that as a subject we don't have access to it.\nsince what characterizes us as\n subject is this punch between\nThe barred subject and  object a (the\nlogic of fantasy)\nwe only have access to our fantasy through whose tropism we see the world...\nor we represent it (weltanschauung)\nbut the minimum for a psychoanalyst is\nto know that and therefore not only to know that\nbut to take this into account in what he says or what he does.\nIf, for example, Jacques Alain Miller, who is pretending to be a psychoanalyst\nRealized what he's saying, he'd stop\nto bring the psychoanalytic institution\non the spans of gender theory\nwhich is nothing but an emanation\nof the capitalist discourse which is the more decadent  and delirious form of the master's discourse\nit's the master's discourse.\nthat goes through the academic discourse\nand that becomes a justification for a \"self\"\ni.e. a subject that is not more subject but is imagined\nwhich would give him the opportunity to\nuse signifiers to do whatever he wants with them.\nso it's absurd, you can see that it has nothing to do with \"l'\u00e9tourdit\"\none of the major Lacanian text by whom precisely\nwe can talk about what there is to be said as a psychoanalyst\non what's going on with this kind of fantasy about a virus\nwhich is absolutely mind-blowing if you think about it, the way the society operates\nand then those who hold it\nthose who are in the place of the rulers, it's  something kind of massive\nVery very curious to study: the behaviors and the gap that there is\nbetween what's known and what is represented, and the way some objects are fetishized.\nis absolutely mind-blowing.\nI'm talking about the mask, of course, but not only\nthe threat of lock-down, the so-called\nsocial distance, people who make little crosses\nor little squares outside their store\nand ask you to wait an hour before entering the shop\nall of this is absolutely delirious, but we still notice that this world has strictly no sense\nbecause it is penetrated by the real and makes a delirious interpretation of it\nmassively delirious\nwe can now talk about something a little bit more technical\nbecause all comments that are made on\n\"l'\u00e9tourdit\" do not mention anything about topology\nfrom the point of view of the structure, i.e. of the discourse\nIt also does not address the topology...\nin the form of its geometric representations\nand in particular the crosscap\nsince the crosscap is the only figure a priori\nwhich allows us to conceive how\nthe three discourses that are spherical\ncan be related to analytical discourse\nIt's not just that analytical discourse is\ndifferent from the other three\nit's also about being able to move from one discourse to another\nthe passage of a discourse to another and the crosscap is that figure there\nthat's the rimbaldien\"new love\", Rimbaud' conception of love\nwhich means we go to the dead end of a discourse and then we flip over, so it's a quarter turn\nfor each of the mathem of the discourse and then we go on to a new discourse.\nand this is actually the\" new\nlove\". That's how analytical discourse\nwhich is the discourse of love, the discourse of transference actually,\nis what allows the absolute counterpoint\nof everything that's going on right now\nbecause what you're going through right now\nit's the very negation of love.\nalready rhetorically induced by the capitalistic discourse as we know\nWith that you lose all the things of love and\nindeed the \"new love\"\ni.e.transference love which is true love as Freud says.\nthat love can be found again through analytical discourse...\nwhich is the counterpoint, we see it in \"l\u2019\u00e9thique\"...\nAs it is today in this fashion for corona by promoters of all kinds\nall sorts of promoters of what they call the \"pandemic\".\nWhich is absolutely not a pandemic , at the\nlimits an epidemic or endemic\nendemic but not a pandemic.\nit's not for everyone.\nand the commandment that is induced by the generated behaviors\nby the establishment of governments is: \n\"Beware of your neighbor more than yourself\"\nbut psychoanalysis is precisely the word of ethics which can be found  both in Freud\nthat stops on it because Freud knows what he's talking about\nso who stops at the command\n\"loves\" and who\nrealizes the shock that this means to him\nAnd Lacan will analyze this and says that Freud is right to stop on this, but it's actually\nit's really the ultimate horizon of ethics, not just psychoanalysis...\nIt's all about \" love thy neighbor as thyself\"\nwe're at the very opposite of this actual distrust or mistrust of the other  considered as pestiferous\nand which will lead to an explosion of all kinds of pathologies...\nTherefore psychoanalysis  even though completely innovative\nbecause it brings this analytical discourse to the 20th century with Freud...\nit can actually be connected anyway.\nto this subversive aspect,at its last degree, \nof the Christic appearance\ni.e. at the beginning of Christianity the possibility offered of this love\nor the relationship between Judeo and\nChristianity is the relationship\nBetween the symbolic and the real. What makes Christianity as such\nis the fulfillment to the end of\nJewish law\ni.e. by integrating the Christ body\nitself which is beyond the law...\nto the hold of the symbolic on the law\nas we saw, it's the object a.\nThe reintroduction of the object \"a\" under\nthe form of the resurrected Christ\nAnd it was brought by Freud himself, not Lacan the Freud reader\nby Freud himself in \"civilization and its discontent.\" he brings this and Lacan is very surprised\nand it deploys that possibility\nso everything today, everything that concerns\nthe father's defiance, the struggle\nagainst patriarchy etc.\nis  absolutely the most anti-psychoanalysis\nSince it's this empty place of the father, this\nunoccupied place which is the same as in democracies\nthe empty place of democracy that allows the system to work\nso Lacan's counterbalance is going to make a play on words with \"noms du p\u00e8re\" (father's names)and \"non dupes errent\" (the non dupe wanders)\nAnd allows precisely for the subject to\ndifferentiate from the real father\nof the symbolic father and the father\nimaginary.\n\"l'\u00e9tourdit\" is the passage from modal to nodal.\nthe modalities are the modalities of the impossible\nthe impossible that strikes every discourse\nthen differentiates the impossible that's on the top bar.\nthe impossibility of governing, educating and so on.\nWith the impotence that doesn't allow the\nreturn since they are open circuits\nthe return from the lower right place to the lower left place\nand impossibles have different names\nfor the master's discourse\nthe impossible is incompleteness.\nit's easy to see why, since it's\nnot complete since there is the \"a\"falling .\nto represent as being ( i.e. an imaginary consistency of a universe)\nFor the academic, it's the undeniable.\nsince the academic is in the concealment of the master signifier\nSo all these logical demonstrations\nare going to be wobbly, there's something that's going to hold up\nsince  the Master signifier is hidden\nand so as a S2.\nh e occupies this place to be the agent to address the astute, the little a\n\"the pedant au pd (gay)\" as Lacan says\nin a \"l'\u00e9tourdit\"; no one talks about that either, right?\nthere's something untraceable. For the hysterical it's the inconsistency\nand for  the analyst the impossible is called the undecidable...\nOne can never decide since an interpretation is like an oracle\nit only proves to be true by\nresults it gets, but in the meantime\nit allows the passage of the oscillation\nfrom said to saying and from saying to said\nso it reposition the subject and \nmoves him such a way that he assumes that position...\nto be signified by a signifier\ntherefore by the word and therefore not to decide\nit's undecidable\ncompared to earlier we can say that now you're staying in the sense\nAnd you don't fall into a meaning\nwhen you're in a meaning (this means that)\nWell, it's decided, whereas in the analysis it's not, since you're still\non sets of signifiers and\nso you stay on the level of signifier.\nAnd you don't fall into the signified so into the meaning\nit's the oracle of Delphi...\nthat's how the possibility of boundaries was born...\nWith the oracle of Delphi where the words were unintelligible...\nand so each one would hear them at the mesure of his possibilities\nand depending on the ability of his interpretation\nhis destiny was taking this or that direction\nand that's how Oedipus responds to the oracle...\nfound himself performing the\nfate that from this myth allowed Freud\nto found psychoanalysis.\nthe hardest thing is to say anything.\nthat's why it's the game of free association.\nThen the analyst realizes\nThat he can't, he's governed...\nby the chain of signifiers that take\n him to say this or that\nit's about blowing up the link of\nthe chain of signifiers to allow\na change in the subject's position\nthe Master signifier is cut off from knowledge. (S1 is cut off from S2)\nand that's only in the analyst discourse\nyou read it from the bottom left: knowledge S2 is assumed\nIt's supposed, so under the bar, repressed, the analysand suppose it to the analyst\nbut the analyst also supposes it to the analysand, since for him, it's the analysand who knows\nbut he doesn't know that he knows\nso he's going to play over his object a\nHe puts his body in it and then this\ncrossing from a to S barred\ntherefore, the impossibility to analyse, of course, by the game the analyst plays...\nwith the analysand, (a kind of \"two players delirium\" one can say)\nbut unconscious delirium, and with some control\non the games of the unconscious at the \nlinguistics level that will allow the divided subject\nand thus, to the analysand to bring about\na new signifier, the signifier 1\nBut who's dumb, (an interpretation is as silly as an oracle).\nit's not something smart.\nIt's silly because it's not related to knowledge, and the impotence of the S1 to return to the S2\nthat's what makes it the\nsignifier 1, a signifier without signified\nit's a signifier that can only be defined by being different\nfrom the other signifiers, that's why its dumb.\nand that's how you can tell that\nparadoxically psychoanalysis is a praise of stupidity...\nas long as you accept the foolishness\nyou have to be very smart to accept stupidity.\nI expect nothing from the positions I take\nif not to express them, to manage them, to\nsay them in the most consistent manner\nto serve (as i see it) the analyst's discourse\nso it's a position effectively\nWhere the false distance disappears yes, there are issues at stake.\nmassive stakes and it is a question to say something about the analytical position\nin relation to these issues and actually it can't be\nIn the sense of the dominant discourse\nWho is the capitalist discourse\nIt's impossible we can't go into the meaning of all these pseudo reasons\nto say that every discourse is a reason\nso we can't be in those pseudo-reasons\nIt's about bringing out something\nnot of a knowledge, but knowledge about the truth.\nthe truth which can only be\nhalf-said but implying a saying\nso that's when Raoult speaks there's a\nsaying and a said, he says something from his experience\nand he's wearing his saying. It hasn't\nthe same value when a moron\nof pseudo-philosopher like Enthoven talks or some dummy reporter\nas I don't remember his name,\nCohen or Finkielkraut, talks.\nit doesn't have the same value, from saying to said and from said to saying, it doesn't have the same value.\nthere's not the same ethical contract because every discourse is an ethic\nRaoult has a contract with a sick person, he's sticking to something\nthere's a connection between his saying and his said\nIn the others it's just said, there's no saying, \nThey're talking, they don't know anything about it.\nthey don't even know they're caught in a discourse, so it's worthless.\nthey're in an academic discourse\nAcademic discourse is still an opportunistic discourse since it is bringing knowledge to the Master...\nand then, if possible, take over as a master of knowledge...\nI think the dumbest one is a dude.\nWho's called Laurent Alexandre, the\nfounder of Doctissimo who is really\na complete moron who thinks he's a\ngenius who can rule over the intelligence of others\nSo obviously they're waiting for it to pass.\nthey benefit from the situation, they are\nprecisely on the pervert side\nThat is to say, the pervert, I remind you, is not what we usually think.\nthe pervert is the position of a masochist who ignores himself as a masochist\nmore often than not\nthat is, who imagine that he knows\nwhat makes the Other enjoy (with a capital O)\nso he puts himself in the position of knowing what makes the Other enjoy\nin fact, It's a way of governing. How are they governing right now?\nIt's not hard to guess. They have polls made, you can the polls to say what you want.\nso, they still need that the majority of those who elect them\nmust think that the government is doing something\nbecause they can't just sit back and do nothing\nWell, yes, but they must not show it in any case, and so they think to themselves\nlet's see if people imagine that the mask will protect them\nso, we may have scientific studies that demonstrate that it's totally unnecessary\nfor all lung infections including corona virus\nIt's a proven fact, we've been knowing it for ten years, but they're going to find out that\nthere's a sufficient percentage of people who would be reassured by wearing the mask\nso they decide that the mask will be mandatory regardless of the consequences\nas long as it is reassuring a majority\nThat's a perversion!\nThat's true populism, populism is nothing else but that\nto imagine what will make the people enjoy\nso we're going to take action based on popularity ratings, polls etc.\nand we very know that the way they are phrased makes them say anything\nWe're going to instil some language elements from there\nthat's what it's called, and then it's done.\nSo we end up with a pair of underpants on our heads imagining we are protecting ourselves against the corona virus.\nwhich is totally untrue, but this will reassure\napparently over 60% of the population\nand so, it's a decision that's going to be made\nand that's 60% is obviously the\nthe big neurotics, that is to say, the ones\nWho have a high opinion of themselves, who imagine themselves virtuous people\nthey've never explored their dark side of the force\nas it says in a well-known saga  and so they imagine they're good.\nand there's nothing worse than the ones that\nimagine themselves to be good\nbecause they don't want to know anything about it, and...\nso, they're going to moralize the others\nThey want to prohibit them from jogging\nthey'll opt for lock down; they'll clap their masters on the balcony at night\nSo, you need this possibility of an analytical approach\nand to bring psychoanalysis to the political dimension\nwhich is its original dimension since the police is the city\nthe city is language and language is what is opposed to nature.\njust to deploy, as a conclusion, I would like to say for today:\nlogos is what is opposed to nature, the difference between the speaking being we are with all the other species\nis that we're not directly\nreferent of an environment,\nwe are not directly correlated to it. All animals are part of environments\nfor there to be mosquitoes there has to be water and certain types of plants...\nfor a cougar, it must live under some conditions and not under others\na crocodile also, cows, goat...\nwhatever you want needs environment\nWho possesses the truth of his being here; for the human being\nfor the speaking being there's no environment,\nMen can live anywhere because their environment is language itself.\ni.e. they are caught as a subject, they belong a priori to a discourse\nthey don't know it, but they are part of a discourse\nso their ecosystem depends on their discourse\nthat's why psychoanalysis is a discourse and a discourse clinic\nso it's a critical approach to discourse. Let's not forget that desire\nWhich is the analytical basis for\nexcellence since it is indestructible\nThat's how Freud ended his traumdeutung...\ndesire is indestructible\nthe desire itself is actually what makes law to the subject\nWe are subjects of desire, subject to\ndesires, and language is the law of desire.\nso it's the laws of language\nthat over determine us, which means it's a determination\nthat comes on top of all the other determinations\nDeterminations can have\nnatural physics laws\nWe are subject to gravity and\nmany other natural laws\nbut the laws of language take over his, that's what Freud discovers with his \"enwurf\".\nwe are primarily determined by the laws\nand so, it's through language and by the discourse that we can\nreseed the possibilities of the subject that we are\n"]]
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