dataset_name: college_chemistry
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about college\
  \ chemistry.\n\nQ: 3 Cl\u2212(aq) + 4 CrO_4^2\u2212(aq) + 23 H+(aq) \u2192 3 HClO2(aq)\
  \ + 4 Cr3+(aq) + 10 H2O(l). In the reaction shown above, Cl\u2212(aq) behaves as\n\
  (A) an acid (B) a base (C) a catalyst (D) a reducing agent\nA: Let's think step\
  \ by step. A molecule that behaves as a base accepts an H+ ion (or proton) from\
  \ another molecule, whereas a molecule that behaves as an acid donates an H+ ion\
  \ (or proton) to another molecule. Neither of these is the case for Cl in this reaction,\
  \ which rules out (A) and (B). A catalyst is a substance that only accelerates a\
  \ reaction without itself undergoing chemical change, which is not the case here.\
  \ This rules out (C). Instead, the $Cl^{-} molecules carry a negative charge, which\
  \ they donate in the reaction to form 3 HClO2. This is the behavior of a reducing\
  \ agent, or (D). The answer is (D).\n\nQ: Which of the following statements about\
  \ the lanthanide elements is NOT true?\n(A) The most common oxidation state for\
  \ the lanthanide elements is +3. (B) Lanthanide complexes often have high coordination\
  \ numbers (> 6). (C) All of the lanthanide elements react with aqueous acid to liberate\
  \ hydrogen. (D) The atomic radii of the lanthanide elements increase across the\
  \ period from La to Lu.\nA: Let's think step by step. The atomic radii of the lanthanide\
  \ elements in fact decrease across the period from La to Lu. Options (A), (B), and\
  \ (C) are all true. This means that only (D) is NOT true. The answer is (D).\n\n\
  Q: Which of the following lists the hydrides of group-14 elements in order of thermal\
  \ stability, from lowest to highest?\n(A) PbH4 < SnH4 < GeH4 < SiH4 < CH4 (B) PbH4\
  \ < SnH4 < CH4 < GeH4 < SiH4 (C) CH4 < SiH4 < GeH4 < SnH4 < PbH4 (D) CH4 < PbH4\
  \ < GeH4 < SnH4 < SiH4\nA: Let's think step by step. The thermal stability of group-14\
  \ hydrides decreases as we move from the top of group 14 to the bottom. The order\
  \ of elements in the group from top to bottom is C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb. Therefore in\
  \ order of increasing thermal stability we have PbH4, SnH4, GeH4, SiH4, and CH4,\
  \ or answer (A). The answer is (A).\n\nQ: Predict the number of lines in the EPR\
  \ spectrum of a solution of 13C-labelled methyl radical (13CH3\u2022), assuming\
  \ the lines do not overlap.\n(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 24 (E) 8\nA: Let's think step\
  \ by step. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum will be split by two forms\
  \ of interactions. The first is the hyperfine interaction with the 13C (nuclear\
  \ spin $I = \nrac{1}{2}$) which will split the spectrum into 2 lines. This will\
  \ be further split into 4 lines by the interaction with three equivalent 1H nuclei.\
  \ The total number of lines is therefore $2 \\cdot 4 = 8$. The answer is (E)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_college_chemistry
