dataset_name: college_physics
description: 'The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about college
  physics.


  Q: A refracting telescope consists of two converging lenses separated by 100 cm.
  The eye-piece lens has a focal length of 20 cm. The angular magnification of the
  telescope is

  (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 20

  A: Let''s think step by step. In a refracting telescope, if both lenses are converging,
  the focus of both lenses must be between the two lenses, and thus the focal lengths
  of the two lenses must add up to their separation. Since the focal length of one
  lens is 20 cm, the focal length of the other must be 80 cm. The magnification is
  the ratio of these two focal lengths, or 4. The answer is (A).


  Q: The muon decays with a characteristic lifetime of about 10^-6 second into an
  electron, a muon neutrino, and an electron antineutrino. The muon is forbidden from
  decaying into an electron and just a single neutrino by the law of conservation
  of

  (A) charge (B) mass (C) energy and momentum (D) lepton number

  A: Let''s think step by step. Lepton number must be conserved, meaning the total
  number of leptons minus the number of antileptons. If a muon decays into an electron
  and a single neutrino, the total lepton number would go from one to two, violating
  lepton number conservation. The answer is (D).


  Q: One end of a Nichrome wire of length 2L and cross-sectional area A is attached
  to an end of another Nichrome wire of length L and cross- sectional area 2A. If
  the free end of the longer wire is at an electric potential of 8.0 volts, and the
  free end of the shorter wire is at an electric potential of 1.0 volt, the potential
  at the junction of the two wires is most nearly equal to

  (A) 2.4 V (B) 3.3 V (C) 4.5 V (D) 5.7 V

  A: Let''s think step by step. This is a simple voltage divider problem, where the
  longer wire has a resistance four times that of the shorter end. So the voltage
  divider ratio is 1 / 5, meaning that the potential in the middle is 1.0 V + (8.0
  V - 1.0 V) * 1/5 = 2.4 V. The answer is (A).


  Q: A refracting telescope consists of two converging lenses separated by 100 cm.
  The eye-piece lens has a focal length of 20 cm. The angular magnification of the
  telescope is

  (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 20

  A: Let''s think step by step. In a refracting telescope, if both lenses are converging,
  the focus of both lenses must be between the two lenses, and thus the focal lengths
  of the two lenses must add up to their separation. Since the focal length of one
  lens is 20 cm, the focal length of the other must be 80 cm. The magnification is
  the ratio of these two focal lengths, or 4. The answer is (A).


  Q: For which of the following thermodynamic processes is the increase in the internal
  energy of an ideal gas equal to the heat added to the gas?

  (A) Constant temperature (B) Constant volume (C) Constant pressure (D) Adiabatic

  A: Let''s think step by step. Heat added to the gas can go into the gases internal
  energy or work done against an external force. However, if the volume of the gas
  container is constant, no work will be done (since work is pressure times change
  in volume). So, at constant volume, all of the heat goes into the internal energy.
  The answer is (B).'
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_college_physics
