dataset_name: high_school_us_history
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about high\
  \ school us history.\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\
  I come not to urge personal claims, nor to seek individual benefits; I appear as\
  \ the advocate of those who cannot plead their own cause; I come as the friend of\
  \ those who are deserted, oppressed, and desolate. In the Providence of God, I am\
  \ the voice of the maniac whose piercing cries from the dreary dungeons of your\
  \ jails penetrate not your Halls of Legislation. I am the Hope of the poor crazed\
  \ beings who pine in the cells, and stalls, and cages, and waste rooms of your poor-houses.\
  \ I am the Revelation of hundreds of wailing, suffering creatures, hidden in your\
  \ private dwellings, and in pens and cabins\u2014shut out, cut off from all healing\
  \ influences, from all mind-restoring cares.\u2026 Could their melancholy histories\
  \ be spread before you as revealed to my grieved spirit during the last three months,\
  \ how promptly, how earnestly would you search out the most approved means of relief;\
  \ how trifling, how insignificant, by comparison, would appear the sacrifices you\
  \ are asked to make; how would a few dimes and dollars, gathered from each citizen,\
  \ diminish in value as a possession, compared with the certain benefits and vast\
  \ good to be secured for the suffering insane...by the consecration and application\
  \ of a sufficient fund to the construction of a suitable hospital.\u2026\n\u2014\
  Dorothea Dix, Memorial Soliciting a State Hospital for the Protection and Cure of\
  \ the Insane,\nSubmitted to the General Assembly of North Carolina, November 1848\n\
  Dorothea Dix can best be compared to whom?\n(A) Abigail Adams (B) Clara Barton (C)\
  \ Shirley Temple (D) Hillary Clinton\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
  \ articles on us history for help. Both Dorothea Dix and Clara barton are American\
  \ nurses. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\
  \"As our late Conduct at the Conestoga Manor and Lancaster have occasioned much\
  \ Speculation & a great diversity of Sentiments in this and neighboring Governments;\
  \ some vindicating & others condemning it; some charitably alleviating the Crime,\
  \ & others maliciously painting it in the most odious & detestable Colours, we think\
  \ it our duty to lay before the Publick, the whole Matter as it appeared, & still\
  \ appears, to us. . . .\n\"If these things are not sufficient to prove an unjustifiable\
  \ Attachment in the Quakers to the Indians Savages, a fixed Resolution to befriend\
  \ them & an utter insensibility to human Distresses, let us consider a few more\
  \ recent Facts. When we found the last Summer that we were likely to get no Assistance\
  \ from the Government, some Volunteers went out at our own Expense, determined to\
  \ drive our Enemies from our Borders; & when we came near to the great Island, we\
  \ understood that a Number of their Warriors had gone out against our Frontiers.\
  \ Upon this we returned and came up with them and fought with them at the Munfey\
  \ Hill where we lost some of our Men & killed some of their Warriors & thereby saved\
  \ our Frontiers from this Story in another Expedition. But no sooner had we destroyed\
  \ their Provisions on the great Island, & ruined their trade with the good People\
  \ at Bethlehem, but these very Indians, who were justly suspected of having murdered\
  \ our Friends in Northampton County, were by the Influence of some Quakers taken\
  \ under the Protection of the Government to screen them from the Resentments of\
  \ the Friends and Relations of the Murdered, & to support them thro the Winter.\"\
  \n\u2014\"Apology of the Paxton Boys\" (pamphlet), 1764 (Note: \"apology\" in this\
  \ context should be read as an explanation, not an admission of guilt or regret.\n\
  The sentiments expressed in the explanation above reflect which of the ongoing tensions\
  \ during the colonial period of American history?\n(A) Tensions between British\
  \ policies and the aspirations of North American colonists. (B) Tensions between\
  \ American Indians allied with the French and those allied with the British. (C)\
  \ Tensions between freed African Americans and white planters. (D) Tensions between\
  \ backcountry settlers and elites within colonial America.\nA: Let's think step\
  \ by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on us history for help. After the French\
  \ and Indian War, the Scotch-Irish settlers attacked American Indians. After the\
  \ attacks on the Conestoga, about 250 Paxton Boys present their grievances to the\
  \ Pennsylvania legislature. As mentioned in the information, the Paxton Boys cited\
  \ resentiment at local elites. The answer is (D).\n\nQ: This question refers to\
  \ the following information.\nOur leaders talk about stopping aggression from the\
  \ north, but this was a struggle among groups of Vietnamese until we intervened.\
  \ We seem bent upon saving the Vietnamese from Ho Chi Minh even if we have to kill\
  \ them and demolish their country to do it. As the native people survey bombed-out\
  \ villages, women and children burned by napalm, rice crops destroyed and cities\
  \ overrun with our military personnel, they are doubtless saying secretly of the\
  \ Vietcong guerillas and of the American forces, \"A plague on both your houses.\"\
  \ \u2026 Stop the bombing, north and south, end search and destroy offensive sweeps,\
  \ and confine our military action to holding operations on the ground. Bombing the\
  \ north has failed to halt or seriously check the flow of troops to the south and\
  \ may, in fact, have prompted a much greater war effort by Hanoi.\n\u2014Senator\
  \ George McGovern, \"The Lessons of Vietnam,\" April 25, 1967\nWhich of the following\
  \ opinions from the 1960s most directly reflects the perspective of George McGovern's\
  \ speech?\n(A) Americans must maximize their technological edge in Vietnam. (B)\
  \ American bombing in Vietnam is step by step leading to progress in the war. (C)\
  \ American bombing in Vietnam is a failure. (D) America must not give in to defeatism\
  \ about the war in Vietnam.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
  \ articles on us history for help. \"Stop the bombing\" and \"Bombing the north\
  \ has failed to halt or seriously check the flow of troops to the south\" indicate\
  \ that the perspective of George McGovern's speech is that Amerian bombing in Vietnam\
  \ is a failure. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\
  \"In the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I\
  \ desire you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favorable to them\
  \ than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands.\
  \ Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If particular care and attention\
  \ is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion, and will not\
  \ hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation.\"\
  \nAbigail Adams, in a letter to John Adams, 1776\n\"Special legislation for woman\
  \ has placed us in a most anomalous position. Women invested with the rights of\
  \ citizens in one section\u2014voters, jurors, office-holders\u2014crossing an imaginary\
  \ line, are subjects in the next. In some States, a married woman may hold property\
  \ and transact business in her own name; in others, her earnings belong to her husband.\
  \ In some States, a woman may testify against her husband, sue and be sued in the\
  \ courts; in others, she has no redress in case of damage to person, property, or\
  \ character. In case of divorce on account of adultery in the husband, the innocent\
  \ wife is held to possess no right to children or property, unless by special decree\
  \ of the court. But in no State of the Union has the wife the right to her own person,\
  \ or to any part of the joint earnings of the co-partnership during the life of\
  \ her husband. In some States women may enter the law schools and practice in the\
  \ courts; in others they are forbidden. In some universities girls enjoy equal educational\
  \ advantages with boys, while many of the proudest institutions in the land deny\
  \ them admittance, though the sons of China, Japan and Africa are welcomed there.\
  \ But the privileges already granted in the several States are by no means secure.\"\
  \nSusan B. Anthony, \"Declaration of Rights for Women,\" July 4, 1876\nThe sentiments\
  \ expressed in the second excerpt by Susan B. Anthony are most likely in support\
  \ of\n(A) the Equal Rights Amendment (B) universal suffrage (C) states' rights (D)\
  \ prohibition\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on us\
  \ history for help. The above information mentioned that women are in an anomalous\
  \ position in terms of legislation. Women's earnings do not belong to themselves,\
  \ or they cannot testify against her husbands. Susan believes women should have\
  \ equal legal rights as men. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: This question refers to the\
  \ following information.\n\"Society in every state is a blessing, but government\
  \ even in its best state is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable\
  \ one; for when we suffer, or are exposed to the same miseries by a government,\
  \ which we might expect in a country without government, our calamity is heightened\
  \ by reflecting that we furnish the means by which we suffer. Government, like dress,\
  \ is the badge of lost innocence; the palaces of kings are built on the ruins of\
  \ the bowers of paradise. For were the impulses of conscience clear, uniform, and\
  \ irresistibly obeyed, man would need no other lawgiver; but that not being the\
  \ case, he finds it necessary to surrender up a part of his property to furnish\
  \ means for the protection of the rest; and this he is induced to do by the same\
  \ prudence which in every other case advises him out of two evils to choose the\
  \ least. Wherefore, security being the true design and end of government, it unanswerably\
  \ follows that whatever form thereof appears most likely to ensure it to us, with\
  \ the least expense and greatest benefit, is preferable to all others.\"\nThomas\
  \ Paine, Common Sense, 1776\nWhich of the following \"miseries\" alluded to above\
  \ were most condemned by Anti-Federalists of the post-Revolutionary era?\n(A) Organized\
  \ response to Bacon's Rebellion (B) Federal response to Shays's Rebellion (C) Federal\
  \ response to the Whiskey Rebellion (D) Federal response to Pontiac's Rebellion\n\
  A: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on us history for help.\
  \ Anti-Federalists do not believe centralized government power, and suspect Washington's\
  \ military response to Whiskey Rebellion. Bacon's Rebellion and Pontiac's Rebellion\
  \ happen before the Revolution and they can be ruled out. The answer is (C)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_high_school_us_history
