dataset_name: high_school_world_history
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about high\
  \ school world history.\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\
  \"At least one of the [world's] societies would have to somehow enormously increase\
  \ its productivity [in order to achieve global hegemony]. That quantum jump would\
  \ have to be made before the various scientific, technological, agricultural, and\
  \ industrial revolutions on which our post-quantum-leap world rests. It could only\
  \ be accomplished by exploiting the ecosystems, mineral resources, and human assets\
  \ of whole continents outside the lands of the society making the jump. Western\
  \ Europe did just that by means of its brutality and guns and, more important, by\
  \ geographical and ecological luck.\"\nCopyright \xA9 2015 Cambridge University\
  \ Press.\nAlfred Crosby, historian, Ecological Imperialism, 2004\nThe \"quantum\
  \ jump\" mentioned in the passage most directly contributed to which of the following\
  \ developments in the period 1450\u20131750 C.E.?\n(A) A breakdown in trade routes\
  \ through the collapse of the established state structure (B) An increase in the\
  \ population of the world through more plentiful supplies of food (C) The spread\
  \ of Chinese and Indian belief systems across the world (D) An increase in social\
  \ unrest\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on world history\
  \ for help. The \"quantum jump\" mentioned in the passage refers to the conquest\
  \ of the New World and the Columbian Exchange. Choice (A) and (C) did not happen\
  \ in history. Choice (C) refers to the human assets. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: This\
  \ question refers to the following information.\n\"The struggle against neo-colonialism\
  \ is not aimed at excluding the capital of the developed world from operating in\
  \ less developed countries. It is aimed at preventing the financial power of the\
  \ developed countries being used in such a way as to impoverish the less developed.\n\
  Non-alignment, as practiced by Ghana and many other countries, is based on co-operation\
  \ with all States whether they be capitalist, socialist or have a mixed economy.\
  \ Such a policy, therefore, involves foreign investment from capitalist countries,\
  \ but it must be invested in accordance with a national plan drawn up by the government\
  \ of the non-aligned State with its own interests in mind. The issue is not what\
  \ return the foreign investor receives on his investments\u2026The question is one\
  \ of power. A State in the grip of neo-colonialism is not master of its own destiny.\"\
  \nKwame Nkrumah, Neo-Colonialism, 1965\nWhich of the following provides the best\
  \ context for Nkrumah's writings?\n(A) The Industrial Revolution (B) Decolonization\
  \ (C) Regional Free Trade Associations (D) Autarky\nA: Let's think step by step.\
  \ We refer to Wikipedia articles on world history for help. The passage expresses\
  \ a point that the successful fight against neo-colonialism were in danger and the\
  \ newly independent nations like Ghana may be re-colonized via financial power of\
  \ the developed countries. The answer is (B).\n\nQ: This question refers to the\
  \ following information.\n\"Indeed, as both the fatwas of distinguished [scholars]\
  \ who base their opinion on reason and tradition alike and the consensus of the\
  \ Sunni community agree that the ancient obligation of extirpation, extermination,\
  \ and expulsion of evil innovation must be the aim of our exalted aspiration, for\
  \ \"Religious zeal is a victory for the Faith of God the Beneficent\"; then, in\
  \ accordance with the words of the Prophet (Peace upon him!) \"Whosoever introduces\
  \ evil innovation into our order must be expelled\" and \"Whosoever does aught against\
  \ our order must be expelled,\" action has become necessary and exigent\u2026\"\n\
  Letter from Ottoman Sultan Selim I to Safavid Shah Ismail I, 1514\nThe letter from\
  \ Selim I is most clearly an example of which of the following?\n(A) The maintenance\
  \ of military supremacy at all costs (B) Expanding tensions between religious sects\
  \ (C) Factors that brought about the collapse of the Ottoman Empire (D) Peacemaking\
  \ efforts among the Islamic empires\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
  \ articles on world history for help. The passage is an example of expanding tensions\
  \ between Selim and Ismail. In the passage the Selim references the fatwa and the\
  \ consensus of the Sunni community to against whosoever introduces evil. The answer\
  \ is (B).\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\"The real grievance\
  \ of the worker is the insecurity of his existence; he is not sure that he will\
  \ always have work, he is not sure that he will always be healthy, and he foresees\
  \ that he will one day be old and unfit to work. If he falls into poverty, even\
  \ if only through a prolonged illness, he is then completely helpless, exam_ins\
  \ to his own devices, and society does not currently recognize any real obligation\
  \ towards him beyond the usual help for the poor, even if he has been working all\
  \ the time ever so faithfully and diligently. The usual help for the poor, however,\
  \ leaves a lot to be desired, especially in large cities, where it is very much\
  \ worse than in the country.\"\nOtto von Bismarck, 1884\nOtto von Bismarck likely\
  \ made this speech in reaction to which of the following issues?\n(A) Social acceptance\
  \ of child labor (B) Declining life expectancy in Germany (C) Criticisms of German\
  \ trade tariffs (D) Negative effects attributed to industrial capitalism\nA: Let's\
  \ think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on world history for help.\
  \ The passage talks about the grievance of the work under the industrial capitalism.\
  \ The answer is (D).\n\nQ: This question refers to the following information.\n\
  He contains all works and desires and all perfumes and all tastes. He enfolds the\
  \ whole universe and in silence is loving to all. This is the Spirit that is in\
  \ my heart, this is Brahman. To him I shall come when I go beyond this life, and\
  \ to him will come he who has faith and doubts not.\n\u2014The Upanishads, India,\
  \ c. 1000 BCE\nTo which religion does the speaker most likely belong?\n(A) Hinduism\
  \ (B) Buddhism (C) Shintoism (D) Zoroastrianism\nA: Let's think step by step. We\
  \ refer to Wikipedia articles on world history for help. Brahman refers to the ultimate\
  \ reality of all things in the Hindu religion. In contrast, Buddhism does not have\
  \ a concept of supreme God. The answer is (A)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_high_school_world_history
