dataset_name: philosophy
description: "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about philosophy.\n\
  \nQ: The study of reality in the broadest sense, an inquiry into the elemental nature\
  \ of the universe and the things in it, is known as _____.\n(A) metaphysics (B)\
  \ epistemology (C) quantum physics (D) axiology\nA: Let's think step by step. We\
  \ refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help. Among the options, only metaphysics\
  \ studies the nature of reality and existence. The answer is (A).\n\nQ: According\
  \ to Moore\u2019s \u201Cideal utilitarianism,\u201D the right action is the one\
  \ that brings about the greatest amount of:\n(A) pleasure. (B) happiness. (C) good.\
  \ (D) virtue.\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy\
  \ for help. Moore's \"ideal utilitarianism\" states that one's actions should maximize\
  \ intrinsic goods. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Before Tolstoy's Christian conversion,\
  \ what was his perspective on the meaning of life?\n(A) optimist (B) satisfied (C)\
  \ nominally religious (D) pessimist\nA: Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia\
  \ articles on philosophy for help. Before his conversion, Tolstoy feels that life\
  \ was uncertain, which is a pessimist's point of view. The answer is (D).\n\nQ:\
  \ According to d'Holbach, people always act according to _____.\n(A) free choices\
  \ (B) dictates of the soul (C) necessary natural laws (D) undetermined will\nA:\
  \ Let's think step by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help.\
  \ d'Holbach believes that people act according to necessary laws, and it proves\
  \ nothing about people's free will. The answer is (C).\n\nQ: Psychological egoism\
  \ is:\n(A) an ethical theory about how we ought to behave. (B) a generalization\
  \ concerning the way people tend to behave. (C) a claim about human nature and the\
  \ ways people are capable of behaving. (D) none of the above.\nA: Let's think step\
  \ by step. We refer to Wikipedia articles on philosophy for help. Psychological\
  \ egoism suggests that one behaves based on what makes one feels good, hence it\
  \ is a claim about human nature and how humans are capable of behaving. The answer\
  \ is (C)."
include: _mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_template_yaml
task: mmlu_flan_cot_fewshot_philosophy
