# Copyright (c) 2023, Tri Dao.

from typing import Optional, Union

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

# isort: off
# We need to import the CUDA kernels after importing torch
import flashattn_hopper_cuda

# isort: on


def _flash_attn_forward(q, k, v, softmax_scale, causal):
    maybe_contiguous = lambda x: x.contiguous() if x.stride(-1) != 1 else x
    q, k, v = [maybe_contiguous(x) for x in (q, k, v)]
    out, q, k, v, out_padded, softmax_lse, S_dmask = flashattn_hopper_cuda.fwd(
        q,
        k,
        v,
        None,
        softmax_scale,
        causal,
    )
    return out, q, k, v, out_padded, softmax_lse, S_dmask


def _flash_attn_backward(
    dout,
    q,
    k,
    v,
    out,
    softmax_lse,
    dq,
    dk,
    dv,
    softmax_scale,
    causal
):
    maybe_contiguous = lambda x: x.contiguous() if x.stride(-1) != 1 else x
    # dq, dk, dv are allocated by us so they should already be contiguous
    dout, q, k, v, out = [maybe_contiguous(x) for x in (dout, q, k, v, out)]
    dq, dk, dv, softmax_d, = flashattn_hopper_cuda.bwd(
        dout,
        q,
        k,
        v,
        out,
        softmax_lse,
        dq,
        dk,
        dv,
        softmax_scale,
        causal,
    )
    return dq, dk, dv, softmax_d


class FlashAttnFunc(torch.autograd.Function):
    @staticmethod
    def forward(
        ctx,
        q,
        k,
        v,
        softmax_scale,
        causal,
    ):
        if softmax_scale is None:
            softmax_scale = q.shape[-1] ** (-0.5)
        out, q, k, v, out_padded, softmax_lse, S_dmask = _flash_attn_forward(
            q,
            k,
            v,
            softmax_scale,
            causal
        )
        ctx.save_for_backward(q, k, v, out_padded, softmax_lse)
        ctx.softmax_scale = softmax_scale
        ctx.causal = causal
        return out, softmax_lse

    @staticmethod
    def backward(ctx, dout, *args):
        q, k, v, out, softmax_lse = ctx.saved_tensors
        dq, dk, dv = torch.empty_like(q), torch.empty_like(k), torch.empty_like(v)
        _flash_attn_backward(
            dout,
            q,
            k,
            v,
            out,
            softmax_lse,
            dq,
            dk,
            dv,
            ctx.softmax_scale,
            ctx.causal,
        )
        dq = dq[..., : dout.shape[-1]]  # We could have padded the head dimension
        dk = dk[..., : dout.shape[-1]]
        dv = dv[..., : dout.shape[-1]]
        return dq, dk, dv, None, None


def flash_attn_func(
    q,
    k,
    v,
    softmax_scale=None,
    causal=False,
):
    """dropout_p should be set to 0.0 during evaluation
    Supports multi-query and grouped-query attention (MQA/GQA) by passing in KV with fewer heads
    than Q. Note that the number of heads in Q must be divisible by the number of heads in KV.
    For example, if Q has 6 heads and K, V have 2 heads, head 0, 1, 2 of Q will attention to head
    0 of K, V, and head 3, 4, 5 of Q will attention to head 1 of K, V.

    If causal=True, the causal mask is aligned to the bottom right corner of the attention matrix.
    For example, if seqlen_q = 2 and seqlen_k = 5, the causal mask (1 = keep, 0 = masked out) is:
        1 1 1 1 0
        1 1 1 1 1
    If seqlen_q = 5 and seqlen_k = 2, the causal mask is:
        0 0
        0 0
        0 0
        1 0
        1 1
    If the row of the mask is all zero, the output will be zero.

    If window_size != (-1, -1), implements sliding window local attention. Query at position i
    will only attend to keys between
    [i + seqlen_k - seqlen_q - window_size[0], i + seqlen_k - seqlen_q + window_size[1]] inclusive.

    Arguments:
        q: (batch_size, seqlen, nheads, headdim)
        k: (batch_size, seqlen, nheads_k, headdim)
        v: (batch_size, seqlen, nheads_k, headdim)
        dropout_p: float. Dropout probability.
        softmax_scale: float. The scaling of QK^T before applying softmax.
            Default to 1 / sqrt(headdim).
        causal: bool. Whether to apply causal attention mask (e.g., for auto-regressive modeling).
        window_size: (left, right). If not (-1, -1), implements sliding window local attention.
        alibi_slopes: (nheads,) or (batch_size, nheads), fp32. A bias of
            (-alibi_slope * |i + seqlen_k - seqlen_q - j|)
            is added to the attention score of query i and key j.
        deterministic: bool. Whether to use the deterministic implementation of the backward pass,
            which is slightly slower and uses more memory. The forward pass is always deterministic.
        return_attn_probs: bool. Whether to return the attention probabilities. This option is for
           testing only. The returned probabilities are not guaranteed to be correct
           (they might not have the right scaling).
    Return:
        out: (batch_size, seqlen, nheads, headdim).
        softmax_lse [optional, if return_attn_probs=True]: (batch_size, nheads, seqlen). The
            logsumexp of each row of the matrix QK^T * scaling (e.g., log of the softmax
            normalization factor).
        S_dmask [optional, if return_attn_probs=True]: (batch_size, nheads, seqlen, seqlen).
            The output of softmax (possibly with different scaling). It also encodes the dropout
            pattern (negative means that location was dropped, nonnegative means it was kept).
    """
    return FlashAttnFunc.apply(
        q,
        k,
        v,
        softmax_scale,
        causal,
    )
