Merge branch 'develop' into standalone-layernorm

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_dl.hpp

@@ -64,8 +64,16 @@ template <
             is_same_v<BElementwiseOperation, ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough> &&
             is_same_v<CElementwiseOperation, ck::tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough>,
         bool> = false>
-struct DeviceGemmDl
-    : public DeviceGemm<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>
+struct DeviceGemmDl : public DeviceGemm<ALayout,
+                                        BLayout,
+                                        CLayout,
+                                        ADataType,
+                                        BDataType,
+                                        CDataType,
+                                        AElementwiseOperation,
+                                        BElementwiseOperation,
+                                        CElementwiseOperation>
+
 {
     static constexpr auto I0 = Number<0>{};
     static constexpr auto I1 = Number<1>{};
@@ -534,8 +542,7 @@ struct DeviceGemmDl
                                                       index_t StrideC,
                                                       AElementwiseOperation a_element_op,
                                                       BElementwiseOperation b_element_op,
-                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op,
-                                                      index_t /* KBatch */ = 1) override
+                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op) override
     {
         return std::make_unique<Argument>(static_cast<const ADataType*>(p_a),
                                           static_cast<const BDataType*>(p_b),

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_multiple_d.hpp

@@ -16,12 +16,20 @@ namespace device {
 // output : E[M, N]
 // C = a_op(A) * b_op(B)
 // E = cde_op(C, D0, D1, ...)
-template <ck::index_t NumDTensor,
+template <typename ALayout,
+          typename BLayout,
+          typename DELayout,
+          typename ADataType,
+          typename BDataType,
+          typename DsDataType,
+          typename EDataType,
           typename AElementwiseOperation,
           typename BElementwiseOperation,
           typename CDEElementwiseOperation>
 struct DeviceGemmMultipleD : public BaseOperator
 {
+    static constexpr index_t NumDTensor = DsDataType::Size();
+
     virtual std::unique_ptr<BaseArgument>
     MakeArgumentPointer(const void* p_a,
                         const void* p_b,
@@ -41,14 +49,26 @@ struct DeviceGemmMultipleD : public BaseOperator
     virtual std::unique_ptr<BaseInvoker> MakeInvokerPointer() = 0;
 };
 
-template <ck::index_t NumDTensor,
+template <typename ALayout,
+          typename BLayout,
+          typename DELayout,
+          typename ADataType,
+          typename BDataType,
+          typename DsDataType,
+          typename EDataType,
           typename AElementwiseOperation,
           typename BElementwiseOperation,
-          typename CElementwiseOperation>
-using DeviceGemmMultipleDPtr = std::unique_ptr<DeviceGemmMultipleD<NumDTensor,
+          typename CDEElementwiseOperation>
+using DeviceGemmMultipleDPtr = std::unique_ptr<DeviceGemmMultipleD<ALayout,
+                                                                   BLayout,
+                                                                   DELayout,
+                                                                   ADataType,
+                                                                   BDataType,
+                                                                   DsDataType,
+                                                                   EDataType,
                                                                    AElementwiseOperation,
                                                                    BElementwiseOperation,
-                                                                   CElementwiseOperation>>;
+                                                                   CDEElementwiseOperation>>;
 
 } // namespace device
 } // namespace tensor_operation

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_multiple_d_xdl_cshuffle.hpp

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ namespace device {
 // E = cde_op(C, D0, D1, ...)
 template <typename ALayout,
           typename BLayout,
-          typename CDELayout,
+          typename DELayout,
           typename ADataType,
           typename BDataType,
           typename GemmAccDataType,
@@ -137,7 +137,13 @@ template <typename ALayout,
           typename CDEBlockTransferClusterLengths_MBlock_MPerBlock_NBlock_NPerBlock,
           index_t CDEBlockTransferScalarPerVector_NPerBlock,
           LoopScheduler LoopSched = make_default_loop_scheduler()>
-struct DeviceGemmMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle : public DeviceGemmMultipleD<DsDataType::Size(),
+struct DeviceGemmMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle : public DeviceGemmMultipleD<ALayout,
+                                                                     BLayout,
+                                                                     DELayout,
+                                                                     ADataType,
+                                                                     BDataType,
+                                                                     DsDataType,
+                                                                     EDataType,
                                                                      AElementwiseOperation,
                                                                      BElementwiseOperation,
                                                                      CDEElementwiseOperation>
@@ -360,12 +366,12 @@ struct DeviceGemmMultipleD_Xdl_CShuffle : public DeviceGemmMultipleD<DsDataType:
     static auto MakeCGridDescriptor_M_N(index_t MRaw, index_t NRaw, index_t StrideE)
     {
         const auto c_grid_desc_mraw_nraw = [&]() {
-            if constexpr(is_same<tensor_layout::gemm::RowMajor, CDELayout>::value)
+            if constexpr(is_same<tensor_layout::gemm::RowMajor, DELayout>::value)
             {
                 return make_naive_tensor_descriptor(make_tuple(MRaw, NRaw),
                                                     make_tuple(StrideE, I1));
             }
-            else if constexpr(is_same<tensor_layout::gemm::ColumnMajor, CDELayout>::value)
+            else if constexpr(is_same<tensor_layout::gemm::ColumnMajor, DELayout>::value)
             {
                 return make_naive_tensor_descriptor(make_tuple(MRaw, NRaw),
                                                     make_tuple(I1, StrideE));

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_reduce.hpp

@@ -2,13 +2,16 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #pragma once
+
 #include <iostream>
+
 #include "device_base.hpp"
 
 namespace ck {
 namespace tensor_operation {
 namespace device {
 
+// FIXME: DeviceGemmReduce type need to well define the problem
 template <ck::index_t NumDTensor, ck::index_t NumReduce>
 struct DeviceGemmReduce : public BaseOperator
 {

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_splitk.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 
 #pragma once
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -11,7 +12,13 @@ namespace ck {
 namespace tensor_operation {
 namespace device {
 
-template <typename AElementwiseOperation,
+template <typename ALayout,
+          typename BLayout,
+          typename CLayout,
+          typename ADataType,
+          typename BDataType,
+          typename CDataType,
+          typename AElementwiseOperation,
           typename BElementwiseOperation,
           typename CElementwiseOperation>
 struct DeviceGemmSplitK : public BaseOperator
@@ -33,11 +40,24 @@ struct DeviceGemmSplitK : public BaseOperator
     virtual std::unique_ptr<BaseInvoker> MakeInvokerPointer() = 0;
 };
 
-template <typename AElementwiseOperation,
+template <typename ALayout,
+          typename BLayout,
+          typename CLayout,
+          typename ADataType,
+          typename BDataType,
+          typename CDataType,
+          typename AElementwiseOperation,
           typename BElementwiseOperation,
           typename CElementwiseOperation>
-using DeviceGemmSplitKPtr = std::unique_ptr<
-    DeviceGemmSplitK<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>>;
+using DeviceGemmSplitKPtr = std::unique_ptr<DeviceGemmSplitK<ALayout,
+                                                             BLayout,
+                                                             CLayout,
+                                                             ADataType,
+                                                             BDataType,
+                                                             CDataType,
+                                                             AElementwiseOperation,
+                                                             BElementwiseOperation,
+                                                             CElementwiseOperation>>;
 
 } // namespace device
 } // namespace tensor_operation

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_xdl.hpp

@@ -57,8 +57,15 @@ template <typename ADataType,
           ck::index_t CThreadTransferSrcDstVectorDim,
           ck::index_t CThreadTransferDstScalarPerVector,
           ck::index_t NumPrefetch = 1>
-struct DeviceGemmXdl
-    : public DeviceGemm<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>
+struct DeviceGemmXdl : public DeviceGemm<ALayout,
+                                         BLayout,
+                                         CLayout,
+                                         ADataType,
+                                         BDataType,
+                                         CDataType,
+                                         AElementwiseOperation,
+                                         BElementwiseOperation,
+                                         CElementwiseOperation>
 {
     static constexpr auto I0 = Number<0>{};
     static constexpr auto I1 = Number<1>{};
@@ -487,8 +494,7 @@ struct DeviceGemmXdl
                                                       index_t StrideC,
                                                       AElementwiseOperation a_element_op,
                                                       BElementwiseOperation b_element_op,
-                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op,
-                                                      index_t /* KBatch */ = 1) override
+                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op) override
     {
         return std::make_unique<Argument>(static_cast<const ADataType*>(p_a),
                                           static_cast<const BDataType*>(p_b),

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_xdl_cshuffle.hpp

@@ -65,8 +65,15 @@ template <typename ALayout,
           typename CShuffleBlockTransferClusterLengths_MBlock_MPerBlock_NBlock_NPerBlock,
           index_t CShuffleBlockTransferScalarPerVector_NPerBlock,
           LoopScheduler LoopSched = make_default_loop_scheduler()>
-struct DeviceGemm_Xdl_CShuffle
-    : public DeviceGemm<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>
+struct DeviceGemm_Xdl_CShuffle : public DeviceGemm<ALayout,
+                                                   BLayout,
+                                                   CLayout,
+                                                   ADataType,
+                                                   BDataType,
+                                                   CDataType,
+                                                   AElementwiseOperation,
+                                                   BElementwiseOperation,
+                                                   CElementwiseOperation>
 {
     using DeviceOp = DeviceGemm_Xdl_CShuffle;
 
@@ -622,8 +629,7 @@ struct DeviceGemm_Xdl_CShuffle
                                                       index_t StrideC,
                                                       AElementwiseOperation a_element_op,
                                                       BElementwiseOperation b_element_op,
-                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op,
-                                                      index_t /* KBatch */ = 1) override
+                                                      CElementwiseOperation c_element_op) override
     {
         return std::make_unique<Argument>(static_cast<const ADataType*>(p_a),
                                           static_cast<const BDataType*>(p_b),

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_xdl_splitk.hpp

@@ -56,8 +56,15 @@ template <typename ADataType,
           bool BBlockLdsAddExtraN,
           ck::index_t CThreadTransferSrcDstVectorDim,
           ck::index_t CThreadTransferDstScalarPerVector>
-struct DeviceGemmXdlSplitK
-    : public DeviceGemmSplitK<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>
+struct DeviceGemmXdlSplitK : public DeviceGemmSplitK<ALayout,
+                                                     BLayout,
+                                                     CLayout,
+                                                     ADataType,
+                                                     BDataType,
+                                                     CDataType,
+                                                     AElementwiseOperation,
+                                                     BElementwiseOperation,
+                                                     CElementwiseOperation>
 {
     static constexpr auto I0 = Number<0>{};
     static constexpr auto I1 = Number<1>{};

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_gemm_xdl_splitk_c_shuffle.hpp

@@ -58,8 +58,15 @@ template <typename ADataType,
           index_t CShuffleNRepeatPerShuffle,
           typename CBlockTransferClusterLengths_MBlock_MPerBlock_NBlock_NPerBlock,
           index_t CBlockTransferScalarPerVector_NWaveNPerXDL>
-struct DeviceGemmXdlSplitKCShuffle
-    : public DeviceGemmSplitK<AElementwiseOperation, BElementwiseOperation, CElementwiseOperation>
+struct DeviceGemmXdlSplitKCShuffle : public DeviceGemmSplitK<ALayout,
+                                                             BLayout,
+                                                             CLayout,
+                                                             ADataType,
+                                                             BDataType,
+                                                             CDataType,
+                                                             AElementwiseOperation,
+                                                             BElementwiseOperation,
+                                                             CElementwiseOperation>
 {
     static constexpr auto I0 = Number<0>{};
     static constexpr auto I1 = Number<1>{};

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_grouped_gemm_xdl.hpp

@@ -46,13 +46,22 @@ __global__ void
     const auto gemm_desc_ptr =
         reinterpret_cast<const GemmDesc*>(cast_pointer_to_generic_address_space(gemm_descs_const));
 
-    index_t group_id = 0;
-    for(index_t i = 0; i < group_count; i++)
+    index_t left     = 0;
+    index_t right    = group_count;
+    index_t group_id = index_t((left + right) / 2);
+    while((!(block_id >= gemm_desc_ptr[group_id].BlockStart_ &&
+             block_id < gemm_desc_ptr[group_id].BlockEnd_)) &&
+          left <= right)
     {
-        group_id =
-            (block_id >= gemm_desc_ptr[i].BlockStart_ && block_id < gemm_desc_ptr[i].BlockEnd_)
-                ? i
-                : group_id;
+        if(block_id < gemm_desc_ptr[group_id].BlockStart_)
+        {
+            right = group_id;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            left = group_id;
+        }
+        group_id = index_t((left + right) / 2);
     }
 
     GridwiseGemm::template Run<HasMainKBlockLoop>(

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_normalization.hpp

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_base.hpp"
+
+namespace ck {
+namespace tensor_operation {
+namespace device {
+
+struct DeviceNormalization : public BaseOperator
+{
+    // inLengths: input tensor extent(s) from high to low dimension
+    // inStrides: input tensor stride(s) from high to low dimension
+    // reduceDims: the dimension(s) the normalization operation is applied
+    // alpha: typeless pointer in host memory storing the alpha scaling value of type AccDataType
+    // beta: typeless pointer in host memory storing the beta scaling value of type AccDataType
+    // in_dev: typeless const pointer in device memory storing the input tensor
+    // out_dev: typeless pointer in device memory storing the output tensor
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<BaseArgument> MakeArgumentPointer(const std::vector<index_t> inLengths,
+                                                              const std::vector<index_t> inStrides,
+                                                              const std::vector<int> reduceDims,
+                                                              const void* alpha,
+                                                              const void* beta,
+                                                              const void* in_dev,
+                                                              void* out_dev) = 0;
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<BaseInvoker> MakeInvokerPointer() = 0;
+
+    virtual index_t GetRank() const = 0;
+
+    virtual index_t GetNumReduceDim() const = 0;
+};
+
+using DeviceNormalizationPtr = std::unique_ptr<DeviceNormalization>;
+
+} // namespace device
+} // namespace tensor_operation
+} // namespace ck

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_softmax.hpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "ck/utility/reduction_operator.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_base.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_reduce.hpp"
+#include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_normalization.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_reduce_multiblock.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/device/device_reduce_common.hpp"
 #include "ck/tensor_operation/gpu/grid/gridwise_softmax.hpp"
@@ -33,8 +34,15 @@ template <typename InDataType,
           index_t InSrcVectorDim,
           index_t InSrcVectorSize,
           index_t OutDstVectorSize>
-struct DeviceSoftmax : public BaseOperator
+struct DeviceSoftmax : public DeviceNormalization
 {
+    static constexpr index_t kRank         = Rank;
+    static constexpr index_t kNumReduceDim = NumReduceDim;
+
+    virtual index_t GetRank() const override { return kRank; }
+
+    virtual index_t GetNumReduceDim() const override { return kNumReduceDim; }
+
     using PassThrough = tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
 
     // Used for freeloading of some handy functions from DeviceReduceMultiBlock
@@ -61,18 +69,33 @@ struct DeviceSoftmax : public BaseOperator
 
     using GridDesc_M_K = decltype(Reduction::MakeSrc2dDescriptor({1}, {1}, 1, 1));
 
-    using GridwiseReduce = GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk<InDataType,
-                                                    OutDataType,
-                                                    AccDataType,
-                                                    GridDesc_M_K,
-                                                    BlockSize,
-                                                    MThreadClusterSize,
-                                                    KThreadClusterSize,
-                                                    MThreadSliceSize,
-                                                    KThreadSliceSize,
-                                                    InSrcVectorDim,
-                                                    InSrcVectorSize,
-                                                    OutDstVectorSize>;
+    using GridwiseSoftmaxGeneric = GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk<InDataType,
+                                                            OutDataType,
+                                                            AccDataType,
+                                                            GridDesc_M_K,
+                                                            BlockSize,
+                                                            MThreadClusterSize,
+                                                            KThreadClusterSize,
+                                                            MThreadSliceSize,
+                                                            KThreadSliceSize,
+                                                            InSrcVectorDim,
+                                                            InSrcVectorSize,
+                                                            OutDstVectorSize,
+                                                            false>;
+
+    using GridwiseSoftmaxSweepOnce = GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk<InDataType,
+                                                              OutDataType,
+                                                              AccDataType,
+                                                              GridDesc_M_K,
+                                                              BlockSize,
+                                                              MThreadClusterSize,
+                                                              KThreadClusterSize,
+                                                              MThreadSliceSize,
+                                                              KThreadSliceSize,
+                                                              InSrcVectorDim,
+                                                              InSrcVectorSize,
+                                                              OutDstVectorSize,
+                                                              true>;
 
     struct Argument : public Reduction::Argument
     {
@@ -121,8 +144,19 @@ struct DeviceSoftmax : public BaseOperator
             const auto out_grid_desc_m_k = Reduction::MakeSrc2dDescriptor(
                 arg.inLengths_, arg.inStrides_, arg.blkGroupSize, arg.numBlockTileIteration);
 
-            const auto kernel_main =
-                kernel_softmax<GridwiseReduce, InDataType, OutDataType, AccDataType, GridDesc_M_K>;
+            bool sweep_once =
+                in_grid_desc_m_k.GetLength(Number<1>{}) <= KThreadClusterSize * KThreadSliceSize;
+
+            const auto kernel_main = sweep_once ? kernel_softmax<GridwiseSoftmaxSweepOnce,
+                                                                 InDataType,
+                                                                 OutDataType,
+                                                                 AccDataType,
+                                                                 GridDesc_M_K>
+                                                : kernel_softmax<GridwiseSoftmaxGeneric,
+                                                                 InDataType,
+                                                                 OutDataType,
+                                                                 AccDataType,
+                                                                 GridDesc_M_K>;
 
             float avg_time = 0;
 
@@ -167,24 +201,34 @@ struct DeviceSoftmax : public BaseOperator
         return true;
     };
 
+    // inLengths: input tensor extent(s) from high to low dimension
+    // inStrides: input tensor stride(s) from high to low dimension
+    // reduceDims: the dimension(s) the softmax normalization operate on
+    // alpha: typeless pointer in host memory storing the alpha scaling value as type AccDataType
+    // beta: typeless pointer in host memory storing the beta scaling value as type AccDataType
+    // in_dev: typeless const pointer in device memory storing the input tensor
+    // out_dev: typeless pointer in device memory storing the output tensor
     std::unique_ptr<BaseArgument> MakeArgumentPointer(const std::vector<index_t> inLengths,
                                                       const std::vector<index_t> inStrides,
                                                       const std::vector<int> reduceDims,
-                                                      AccDataType alpha,
-                                                      AccDataType beta,
+                                                      const void* alpha,
+                                                      const void* beta,
                                                       const void* in_dev,
-                                                      void* out_dev)
+                                                      void* out_dev) override
     {
         return std::make_unique<Argument>(inLengths,
                                           inStrides,
                                           reduceDims,
-                                          alpha,
-                                          beta,
+                                          *static_cast<const AccDataType*>(alpha),
+                                          *static_cast<const AccDataType*>(beta),
                                           static_cast<const InDataType*>(in_dev),
                                           static_cast<OutDataType*>(out_dev));
     };
 
-    std::unique_ptr<BaseInvoker> MakeInvokerPointer() { return std::make_unique<Invoker>(); };
+    std::unique_ptr<BaseInvoker> MakeInvokerPointer() override
+    {
+        return std::make_unique<Invoker>();
+    };
 
     std::string GetTypeString() const override
     {

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/element/binary_element_wise_operation.hpp

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ namespace element_wise {
 
 struct Add
 {
-    template <typename T>
-    __host__ __device__ constexpr void operator()(T& y, const T& x0, const T& x1) const;
+    template <typename Y, typename X0, typename X1>
+    __host__ __device__ constexpr void operator()(Y& y, const X0& x0, const X1& x1) const;
 
     template <>
     __host__ __device__ constexpr void
@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ struct Add
         y = x0 + x1;
     };
 
+    template <>
+    __host__ __device__ constexpr void
+    operator()<half_t>(half_t& y, const float& x0, const half_t& x1) const
+    {
+        y = type_convert<half_t>(x0) + x1;
+    };
+
     // Question: should half_t be supported ?
     template <>
     __host__ __device__ constexpr void

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/grid/gridwise_softmax.hpp

@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ template <typename InDataType,
           index_t KThreadSliceSize,
           index_t InSrcVectorDim,
           index_t InSrcVectorSize,
-          index_t OutDstVectorSize>
+          index_t OutDstVectorSize,
+          bool SweepOnce>
 struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
 {
     static_assert(((InSrcVectorDim == 0 && MThreadSliceSize % InSrcVectorSize == 0) ||
@@ -75,19 +76,6 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
     using ThreadReduceDstDesc_M =
         decltype(make_naive_tensor_descriptor_packed(make_tuple(Number<MThreadSliceSize>{})));
 
-    using BlockwiseMaxReduce = PartitionedBlockwiseReduction<AccDataType,
-                                                             BlockSize,
-                                                             ThreadClusterLengths_M_K,
-                                                             ThreadClusterArrangeOrder,
-                                                             reduce::Max,
-                                                             false>; // PropagateNan
-
-    using ThreadwiseMaxReduce = ThreadwiseReduction<AccDataType,
-                                                    ThreadReduceSrcDesc_M_K,
-                                                    ThreadReduceDstDesc_M,
-                                                    reduce::Max,
-                                                    false>; // PropagateNan
-
     using PassThroughOp = tensor_operation::element_wise::PassThrough;
 
     static constexpr auto I0 = Number<0>{};
@@ -105,6 +93,11 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
                                AccDataType beta,
                                OutDataType* const __restrict__ p_out_value_global)
     {
+        if constexpr(SweepOnce)
+        {
+            num_k_block_tile_iteration = 1;
+        }
+
         // LDS
         __shared__ AccDataType p_reduce_work_buffer[BlockSize];
 
@@ -149,6 +142,20 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
         constexpr auto thread_buffer_desc = make_naive_tensor_descriptor_packed(
             make_tuple(Number<MThreadSliceSize>{}, Number<KThreadSliceSize>{}));
 
+        // Normally, 0 as invalid element value is adequate since 0 makes no contribution to
+        // accumulated result. However, in stable softmax, all values 0s or not are subtracted by
+        // another value_max. As numbers become non-zero, effectively it allows invalid values to
+        // slip through and contribute to the accumulated result.
+        //
+        // The trick here is leveraging the fact that many math functions (add, sub, exp, ...)
+        // propagate NaNs when operands have NaNs involved. By initialiing invalid element value
+        // with NaN, an invalid value doing math manipulations is still NaN, which in turn can still
+        // be identified as an invalid value. We can then discard the invalid values which
+        // originally failed the bound check during accumulation. This allows to ignore values that
+        // failed bound check even after multiple math manipulations.
+        //
+        // NOTE: reset coordinate after every step because the same threadwise copy will sweep
+        // through global memory 3 times back and forth
         auto threadwise_src_load = ThreadwiseTensorSliceTransfer_v2<InDataType,
                                                                     AccDataType,
                                                                     GridDesc_M_K,
@@ -158,7 +165,8 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
                                                                     InSrcVectorDim,
                                                                     InSrcVectorSize,
                                                                     1,
-                                                                    false>(
+                                                                    true /* ResetCoordAfterRun */,
+                                                                    true /* InvalidElementAsNaN */>(
             in_grid_desc_m_k,
             make_multi_index(blkgroup_id * M_BlockTileSize + thread_m_cluster_id * MThreadSliceSize,
                              block_local_id * reduceSizePerBlock +
@@ -198,21 +206,39 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
                     block_local_id * reduceSizePerBlock + thread_k_cluster_id * KThreadSliceSize),
                 PassThroughOp{});
 
-        constexpr auto in_thread_copy_fwd_step = make_multi_index(0, K_BlockTileSize);
-        constexpr auto in_thread_copy_bwd_step = make_multi_index(0, -K_BlockTileSize);
+        constexpr auto in_thread_copy_fwd_step =
+            make_multi_index(0, SweepOnce ? 0 : K_BlockTileSize);
+        constexpr auto in_thread_copy_bwd_step =
+            make_multi_index(0, SweepOnce ? 0 : -K_BlockTileSize);
 
         ///
         /// max(x)
         ///
-        const auto in_global_val_buf_oob_non_zero = make_dynamic_buffer<AddressSpaceEnum::Global>(
-            p_in_value_global,
-            in_grid_desc_m_k.GetElementSpaceSize(),
-            reduce::Max::template GetIdentityValue<InDataType>());
+        using BlockwiseMaxReduce = PartitionedBlockwiseReduction<
+            AccDataType,
+            BlockSize,
+            ThreadClusterLengths_M_K,
+            ThreadClusterArrangeOrder,
+            reduce::Max,
+            false, // param ignored
+            detail::AccumulateWithNanIgnore<reduce::Max, AccDataType>>;
+
+        using ThreadwiseMaxReduce =
+            ThreadwiseReduction<AccDataType,
+                                ThreadReduceSrcDesc_M_K,
+                                ThreadReduceDstDesc_M,
+                                reduce::Max,
+                                false, // param ignored
+                                detail::AccumulateWithNanIgnore<reduce::Max, AccDataType>>;
+
+        const auto in_global_val_buf = make_dynamic_buffer<AddressSpaceEnum::Global>(
+            p_in_value_global, in_grid_desc_m_k.GetElementSpaceSize());
+
         index_t reducedTiles = 0;
         do
         {
             threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
-                                    in_global_val_buf_oob_non_zero,
+                                    in_global_val_buf,
                                     thread_buffer_desc,
                                     make_tuple(I0, I0),
                                     in_thread_buf);
@@ -232,26 +258,6 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
         ///
         /// sum(exp(x - max(x)))
         ///
-        static_for<0, MThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto I) {
-            accu_value_buf(I) = reduce::Add::template GetIdentityValue<AccDataType>();
-        });
-
-        // Normally, 0 as invalid element value is adequate since 0 makes no contribution to
-        // accumulated result. However, in stable softmax, all values 0s or not are subtracted by
-        // another value_max. As numbers become non-zero, effectively it allows invalid values to
-        // slip through and contribute to the accumulated result.
-        //
-        // The trick here is leveraging the fact that many math functions (add, sub, exp, ...)
-        // propagate NaNs when operands have NaNs involved. By initialiing invalid element value
-        // with NaN, an invalid value doing math manipulations is still NaN, which in turn can still
-        // be identified as an invalid value. We can then discard the invalid values which
-        // originally failed the bound check during accumulation. This allows to ignore values that
-        // failed bound check even after multiple math manipulations.
-        const auto in_global_val_buf_oob_nan =
-            make_dynamic_buffer<AddressSpaceEnum::Global>(p_in_value_global,
-                                                          in_grid_desc_m_k.GetElementSpaceSize(),
-                                                          NumericLimits<InDataType>::QuietNaN());
-
         using BlockwiseSumReduce = PartitionedBlockwiseReduction<
             AccDataType,
             BlockSize,
@@ -272,22 +278,25 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
         reducedTiles = 0;
         do
         {
-            threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
-                                    in_global_val_buf_oob_nan,
-                                    thread_buffer_desc,
-                                    make_tuple(I0, I0),
-                                    in_thread_buf);
+            if constexpr(!SweepOnce)
+            {
+                threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
+                                        in_global_val_buf,
+                                        thread_buffer_desc,
+                                        make_tuple(I0, I0),
+                                        in_thread_buf);
+            }
 
             // do element-wise pre-reduction operation
             static_for<0, MThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto iM) {
                 static_for<0, KThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto iK) {
                     constexpr auto offset = thread_buffer_desc.CalculateOffset(make_tuple(iM, iK));
-                    in_thread_buf(Number<offset>{}) =
+                    out_thread_buf(Number<offset>{}) =
                         math::exp(in_thread_buf(Number<offset>{}) - max_value_buf(iM));
                 });
             });
 
-            ThreadwiseSumReduce::Reduce(in_thread_buf, accu_value_buf);
+            ThreadwiseSumReduce::Reduce(out_thread_buf, accu_value_buf);
 
             threadwise_src_load.MoveSrcSliceWindow(in_grid_desc_m_k, in_thread_copy_bwd_step);
 
@@ -309,11 +318,14 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
         {
             do
             {
-                threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
-                                        in_global_val_buf_oob_nan,
-                                        thread_buffer_desc,
-                                        make_tuple(I0, I0),
-                                        in_thread_buf);
+                if constexpr(!SweepOnce)
+                {
+                    threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
+                                            in_global_val_buf,
+                                            thread_buffer_desc,
+                                            make_tuple(I0, I0),
+                                            in_thread_buf);
+                }
 
                 static_for<0, MThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto iM) {
                     // out = alpha * exp(x - max(x)) / sum(exp(x - max(x)))
@@ -340,18 +352,27 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
         }
         else
         {
+            StaticBuffer<AddressSpaceEnum::Vgpr,
+                         AccDataType,
+                         MThreadSliceSize * KThreadSliceSize,
+                         true>
+                in_prior_dst_buf;
             do
             {
-                threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
-                                        in_global_val_buf_oob_nan,
-                                        thread_buffer_desc,
-                                        make_tuple(I0, I0),
-                                        in_thread_buf);
+                if constexpr(!SweepOnce)
+                {
+                    threadwise_src_load.Run(in_grid_desc_m_k,
+                                            in_global_val_buf,
+                                            thread_buffer_desc,
+                                            make_tuple(I0, I0),
+                                            in_thread_buf);
+                }
                 threadwise_dst_load.Run(out_grid_desc_m_k,
                                         out_global_val_buf,
                                         thread_buffer_desc,
                                         make_tuple(I0, I0),
-                                        out_thread_buf);
+                                        in_prior_dst_buf);
+
                 static_for<0, MThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto iM) {
                     // out = alpha * exp(x - max(x)) / sum(exp(x - max(x))) + beta * prior_out
                     static_for<0, KThreadSliceSize, 1>{}([&](auto iK) {
@@ -360,7 +381,7 @@ struct GridwiseSoftmax_mk_to_mk
                         out_thread_buf(Number<offset>{}) =
                             alpha * math::exp(in_thread_buf(Number<offset>{}) - max_value_buf(iM)) /
                                 accu_value_buf(iM) +
-                            beta * out_thread_buf(Number<offset>{});
+                            beta * in_prior_dst_buf(Number<offset>{});
                     });
                 });
 

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/thread/reduction_functions_threadwise.hpp

@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ struct ThreadwiseReduction
 
     static_assert(src_length_m == dst_length_m, "lengths of source and dst buffer must match!");
 
+    using Op = OpReduce;
+
     template <typename SrcBufferType, typename DstBufferType>
     __device__ static void Reduce(const SrcBufferType& src_buf, DstBufferType& dst_buf)
     {

include/ck/tensor_operation/gpu/thread/threadwise_tensor_slice_transfer.hpp

@@ -236,9 +236,14 @@ template <typename SrcData,
           index_t SrcScalarPerVector,
           index_t SrcScalarStrideInVector,
           bool SrcResetCoordinateAfterRun,
+          bool InvalidElementAsNaN                                        = false,
           typename enable_if<DstDesc::IsKnownAtCompileTime(), bool>::type = false>
 struct ThreadwiseTensorSliceTransfer_v2
 {
+    static_assert((InvalidElementAsNaN && !std::is_integral<DstData>::value) ||
+                      (!InvalidElementAsNaN),
+                  "Filling invalid element as NaN is only for floating point types");
+
     static constexpr index_t nDim = SliceLengths::Size();
 
     using Index = MultiIndex<nDim>;
@@ -318,8 +323,18 @@ struct ThreadwiseTensorSliceTransfer_v2
                     dst_desc.CalculateOffset(to_multi_index(dst_slice_origin_idx) + src_data_idx +
                                              i * src_scalar_step_in_vector);
 
-                dst_buf(Number<dst_offset>{}) =
-                    type_convert<DstData>(src_vector.template AsType<SrcData>()[i]);
+                if constexpr(InvalidElementAsNaN)
+                {
+                    dst_buf(Number<dst_offset>{}) =
+                        is_src_valid
+                            ? type_convert<DstData>(src_vector.template AsType<SrcData>()[i])
+                            : NumericLimits<DstData>::QuietNaN();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    dst_buf(Number<dst_offset>{}) =
+                        type_convert<DstData>(src_vector.template AsType<SrcData>()[i]);
+                }
             });
 
             if constexpr(idx_1d.value != num_access - 1)

include/ck/utility/debug.hpp

@@ -12,21 +12,27 @@ template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
 struct PrintAsType;
 
 template <typename T>
-struct PrintAsType<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::value>
+struct PrintAsType<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type>
 {
     using type = float;
+    __host__ __device__ static void Print(const T& p) { printf("%.3f ", static_cast<type>(p)); }
 };
 
 template <>
 struct PrintAsType<ck::half_t, void>
 {
     using type = float;
+    __host__ __device__ static void Print(const ck::half_t& p)
+    {
+        printf("%.3f ", static_cast<type>(p));
+    }
 };
 
 template <typename T>
-struct PrintAsType<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::value>
+struct PrintAsType<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type>
 {
     using type = int;
+    __host__ __device__ static void Print(const T& p) { printf("%d ", static_cast<type>(p)); }
 };
 } // namespace detail
 
@@ -41,7 +47,6 @@ struct PrintAsType<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::value
 template <typename T, index_t element_stride = 1, index_t row_bytes = 128>
 __device__ void print_shared(T const* p_shared, index_t num_elements)
 {
-    using PrintType                = typename detail::PrintAsType<T>::type;
     constexpr index_t row_elements = row_bytes / sizeof(T);
     static_assert((element_stride >= 1 && element_stride <= row_elements),
                   "element_stride should between [1, row_elements]");
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ __device__ void print_shared(T const* p_shared, index_t num_elements)
             printf("elem %5d: ", i);
             for(index_t j = 0; j < row_elements; j += element_stride)
             {
-                printf("%.0f ", static_cast<PrintType>(p_shared[i + j]));
+                detail::PrintAsType<T>::Print(p_shared[i + j]);
             }
 
             printf("\n");

include/ck/utility/math.hpp

@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@ __host__ __device__ constexpr auto min(X x, Ys... ys)
 template <typename T>
 __device__ T exp(T x);
 
+// TODO: add f16 support using v_exp_f16
+
 template <>
 __device__ float exp<float>(float x)
 {