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#           This file was automatically generated from src/transformers/models/instructblipvideo/modular_instructblipvideo.py.
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# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2024 HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import math
from collections.abc import Callable
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any, Optional, Union

import torch
from torch import nn

from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...generation import GenerationMixin
from ...modeling_flash_attention_utils import FlashAttentionKwargs
from ...modeling_layers import GradientCheckpointingLayer
from ...modeling_outputs import (
    BaseModelOutput,
    BaseModelOutputWithPastAndCrossAttentions,
    BaseModelOutputWithPooling,
    BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions,
)
from ...modeling_utils import ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS, PreTrainedModel
from ...processing_utils import Unpack
from ...pytorch_utils import apply_chunking_to_forward
from ...utils import ModelOutput, TransformersKwargs, auto_docstring, can_return_tuple, logging, torch_int
from ...utils.generic import OutputRecorder, check_model_inputs
from ..auto import AutoModel, AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
from .configuration_instructblipvideo import (
    InstructBlipVideoConfig,
    InstructBlipVideoQFormerConfig,
    InstructBlipVideoVisionConfig,
)


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)


class InstructBlipVideoVisionEmbeddings(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
        self.image_size = config.image_size
        self.patch_size = config.patch_size

        self.class_embedding = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(1, 1, self.embed_dim))

        self.patch_embedding = nn.Conv2d(
            in_channels=3, out_channels=self.embed_dim, kernel_size=self.patch_size, stride=self.patch_size
        )

        self.num_patches = (self.image_size // self.patch_size) ** 2
        self.num_positions = self.num_patches + 1

        self.position_embedding = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(1, self.num_positions, self.embed_dim))

    def interpolate_pos_encoding(self, embeddings: torch.Tensor, height: int, width: int) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        This method allows to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings, to be able to use the model on higher resolution
        images. This method is also adapted to support torch.jit tracing.

        Adapted from:
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino/blob/de9ee3df6cf39fac952ab558447af1fa1365362a/vision_transformer.py#L174-L194, and
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dinov2/blob/e1277af2ba9496fbadf7aec6eba56e8d882d1e35/dinov2/models/vision_transformer.py#L179-L211
        """

        num_patches = embeddings.shape[1] - 1
        num_positions = self.position_embedding.shape[1] - 1

        # always interpolate when tracing to ensure the exported model works for dynamic input shapes
        if not torch.jit.is_tracing() and num_patches == num_positions and height == width:
            return self.position_embedding

        class_pos_embed = self.position_embedding[:, :1]
        patch_pos_embed = self.position_embedding[:, 1:]

        dim = embeddings.shape[-1]

        new_height = height // self.patch_size
        new_width = width // self.patch_size

        sqrt_num_positions = torch_int(num_positions**0.5)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.reshape(1, sqrt_num_positions, sqrt_num_positions, dim)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

        patch_pos_embed = nn.functional.interpolate(
            patch_pos_embed,
            size=(new_height, new_width),
            mode="bicubic",
            align_corners=False,
        )

        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).view(1, -1, dim)

        return torch.cat((class_pos_embed, patch_pos_embed), dim=1)

    def forward(self, pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor, interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch_size, _, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        target_dtype = self.patch_embedding.weight.dtype
        patch_embeds = self.patch_embedding(pixel_values.to(dtype=target_dtype))  # shape = [*, width, grid, grid]
        patch_embeds = patch_embeds.flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
        class_embeds = self.class_embedding.expand(batch_size, 1, -1).to(target_dtype)
        embeddings = torch.cat([class_embeds, patch_embeds], dim=1)
        if interpolate_pos_encoding:
            position_embedding = self.interpolate_pos_encoding(embeddings, height, width)
        else:
            position_embedding = self.position_embedding
        embeddings = embeddings + position_embedding[:, : embeddings.size(1), :].to(target_dtype)
        return embeddings


@auto_docstring
class InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: InstructBlipVideoConfig
    base_model_prefix = "blip"
    input_modalities = ["video", "text"]
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True

    _can_compile_fullgraph = True

    _no_split_modules = [
        "InstructBlipVideoQFormerEmbeddings",
        "InstructBlipVideoAttention",
        "InstructBlipVideoQFormerMultiHeadAttention",
        "InstructBlipVideoQFormerSelfOutput",
    ]

    def _init_weights(self, module):
        """Initialize the weights"""
        factor = self.config.initializer_range

        if isinstance(module, (nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d)):
            module.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=factor)
            if module.bias is not None:
                module.bias.data.zero_()
        elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding):
            module.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=factor)
        elif isinstance(module, nn.LayerNorm):
            module.bias.data.zero_()
            module.weight.data.fill_(1.0)
        elif isinstance(module, InstructBlipVideoVisionEmbeddings):
            nn.init.trunc_normal_(module.position_embedding, mean=0.0, std=factor)
            nn.init.trunc_normal_(module.class_embedding, mean=0.0, std=factor)
        elif isinstance(module, (InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration, InstructBlipVideoModel)):
            module.query_tokens.data.zero_()


# Adapted from transformers.models.siglip.modeling_siglip.eager_attention_forward -> InstructBlipVideo doesn't cast attn weights to fp32
def eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query: torch.Tensor,
    key: torch.Tensor,
    value: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor],
    scaling: float,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    **kwargs,
):
    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key.transpose(-1, -2)) * scaling
    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1)
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)

    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


class InstructBlipVideoAttention(nn.Module):
    """Multi-headed attention from 'Attention Is All You Need' paper"""

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
        self.num_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = self.embed_dim // self.num_heads
        if self.head_dim * self.num_heads != self.embed_dim:
            raise ValueError(
                f"embed_dim must be divisible by num_heads (got `embed_dim`: {self.embed_dim} and `num_heads`:"
                f" {self.num_heads})."
            )
        self.scale = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.is_causal = False
        self.attention_dropout = config.attention_dropout

        # small tweak here compared to CLIP, no bias here
        self.qkv = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, 3 * self.embed_dim, bias=False)

        if config.qkv_bias:
            q_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(self.embed_dim))
            v_bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(self.embed_dim))
        else:
            q_bias = None
            v_bias = None

        if q_bias is not None:
            qkv_bias = torch.cat((q_bias, torch.zeros_like(v_bias, requires_grad=False), v_bias))
            self.qkv.bias = nn.Parameter(qkv_bias)

        self.projection = nn.Linear(self.embed_dim, self.embed_dim)

    def _shape(self, tensor: torch.Tensor, seq_len: int, bsz: int):
        return tensor.view(bsz, seq_len, self.num_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, Optional[torch.Tensor], Optional[tuple[torch.Tensor]]]:
        """Input shape: Batch x Time x Channel"""

        bsz, tgt_len, embed_dim = hidden_states.size()

        mixed_qkv = self.qkv(hidden_states)

        mixed_qkv = mixed_qkv.reshape(bsz, tgt_len, 3, self.num_heads, embed_dim // self.num_heads).permute(
            2, 0, 3, 1, 4
        )
        query_states, key_states, value_states = mixed_qkv[0], mixed_qkv[1], mixed_qkv[2]

        attention_interface: Callable = eager_attention_forward

        if self.config._attn_implementation != "eager":
            attention_interface = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS[self.config._attn_implementation]

        attn_output, attn_weights = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask=None,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scale,
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(bsz, tgt_len, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.projection(attn_output)

        return attn_output, attn_weights


class InstructBlipVideoMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.activation_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.fc1(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.activation_fn(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.fc2(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


class InstructBlipVideoEncoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
        self.self_attn = InstructBlipVideoAttention(config)
        self.layer_norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.mlp = InstructBlipVideoMLP(config)
        self.layer_norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)

    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        residual = hidden_states

        hidden_states = self.layer_norm1(hidden_states)
        hidden_states, _ = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = hidden_states + residual
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.layer_norm2(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)

        hidden_states = hidden_states + residual

        return hidden_states


class InstructBlipVideoEncoder(nn.Module):
    """
    Transformer encoder consisting of `config.num_hidden_layers` self attention layers. Each layer is a
    [`InstructBlipVideoEncoderLayer`].

    Args:
        config (`InstructBlipVideoConfig`):
            The corresponding vision configuration for the `InstructBlipVideoEncoder`.
    """

    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([InstructBlipVideoEncoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.num_hidden_layers)])
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        inputs_embeds,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> Union[tuple, BaseModelOutput]:
        hidden_states = inputs_embeds
        for encoder_layer in self.layers:
            hidden_states = encoder_layer(
                hidden_states,
                **kwargs,
            )

        return BaseModelOutput(last_hidden_state=hidden_states)


class InstructBlipVideoVisionModel(InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel):
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"
    input_modalities = "video"
    config: InstructBlipVideoVisionConfig
    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": InstructBlipVideoEncoderLayer,
        "attentions": InstructBlipVideoAttention,
    }

    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoVisionConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.config = config
        embed_dim = config.hidden_size

        self.embeddings = InstructBlipVideoVisionEmbeddings(config)
        self.encoder = InstructBlipVideoEncoder(config)
        self.post_layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)

        self.post_init()

    @check_model_inputs(tie_last_hidden_states=False)
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> Union[tuple, BaseModelOutputWithPooling]:
        if pixel_values is None:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify pixel_values")

        hidden_states = self.embeddings(pixel_values, interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding)

        encoder_outputs: BaseModelOutput = self.encoder(
            inputs_embeds=hidden_states,
            **kwargs,
        )

        last_hidden_state = encoder_outputs.last_hidden_state
        last_hidden_state = self.post_layernorm(last_hidden_state)

        pooled_output = last_hidden_state[:, 0, :]
        pooled_output = self.post_layernorm(pooled_output)

        return BaseModelOutputWithPooling(
            last_hidden_state=last_hidden_state,
            pooler_output=pooled_output,
        )

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.embeddings


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerMultiHeadAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, is_cross_attention=False):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        if config.hidden_size % config.num_attention_heads != 0 and not hasattr(config, "embedding_size"):
            raise ValueError(
                "The hidden size (%d) is not a multiple of the number of attention heads (%d)"
                % (config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads)
            )

        self.num_attention_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.attention_head_size = int(config.hidden_size / config.num_attention_heads)
        self.all_head_size = self.num_attention_heads * self.attention_head_size

        self.query = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size)
        if is_cross_attention:
            self.key = nn.Linear(config.encoder_hidden_size, self.all_head_size)
            self.value = nn.Linear(config.encoder_hidden_size, self.all_head_size)
        else:
            self.key = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size)
            self.value = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size)

        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.attention_probs_dropout_prob)
        self.save_attention = False

    def save_attn_gradients(self, attn_gradients):
        self.attn_gradients = attn_gradients

    def get_attn_gradients(self):
        return self.attn_gradients

    def save_attention_map(self, attention_map):
        self.attention_map = attention_map

    def get_attention_map(self):
        return self.attention_map

    def transpose_for_scores(self, x):
        new_x_shape = x.size()[:-1] + (self.num_attention_heads, self.attention_head_size)
        x = x.view(*new_x_shape)
        return x.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states,
        attention_mask=None,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        encoder_attention_mask=None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ):
        # If this is instantiated as a cross-attention module, the keys
        # and values come from an encoder; the attention mask needs to be
        # such that the encoder's padding tokens are not attended to.
        is_cross_attention = encoder_hidden_states is not None

        if is_cross_attention:
            key_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(self.key(encoder_hidden_states))
            value_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(self.value(encoder_hidden_states))
            attention_mask = encoder_attention_mask
        else:
            key_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(self.key(hidden_states))
            value_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(self.value(hidden_states))

        mixed_query_layer = self.query(hidden_states)

        query_layer = self.transpose_for_scores(mixed_query_layer)

        # Take the dot product between "query" and "key" to get the raw attention scores.
        attention_scores = torch.matmul(query_layer, key_layer.transpose(-1, -2))

        attention_scores = attention_scores / math.sqrt(self.attention_head_size)
        attention_scores_dtype = attention_scores.dtype

        if attention_mask is not None:
            # Apply the attention mask is (precomputed for all layers in BertModel forward() function)
            attention_scores = attention_scores + attention_mask

        # Normalize the attention scores to probabilities.
        attention_probs = nn.Softmax(dim=-1)(attention_scores).to(attention_scores_dtype)

        if is_cross_attention and self.save_attention:
            self.save_attention_map(attention_probs)
            attention_probs.register_hook(self.save_attn_gradients)

        # This is actually dropping out entire tokens to attend to, which might
        # seem a bit unusual, but is taken from the original Transformer paper.
        attention_probs_dropped = self.dropout(attention_probs)

        context_layer = torch.matmul(attention_probs_dropped, value_layer)

        context_layer = context_layer.permute(0, 2, 1, 3).contiguous()
        new_context_layer_shape = context_layer.size()[:-2] + (self.all_head_size,)
        context_layer = context_layer.view(*new_context_layer_shape)

        return context_layer, attention_probs


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerSelfOutput(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.LayerNorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, input_tensor: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.LayerNorm(hidden_states + input_tensor)
        return hidden_states


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, is_cross_attention=False):
        super().__init__()
        self.attention = InstructBlipVideoQFormerMultiHeadAttention(config, is_cross_attention)
        self.output = InstructBlipVideoQFormerSelfOutput(config)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        attn_output, _ = self.attention(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
            **kwargs,
        )
        attention_output = self.output(attn_output, hidden_states)
        return attention_output


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerIntermediate(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size)
        if isinstance(config.hidden_act, str):
            self.intermediate_act_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        else:
            self.intermediate_act_fn = config.hidden_act

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.intermediate_act_fn(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerOutput(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.LayerNorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, input_tensor: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.LayerNorm(hidden_states + input_tensor)
        return hidden_states


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config, layer_idx):
        super().__init__()
        self.chunk_size_feed_forward = config.chunk_size_feed_forward
        self.seq_len_dim = 1
        self.attention = InstructBlipVideoQFormerAttention(config)

        self.layer_idx = layer_idx

        if layer_idx % config.cross_attention_frequency == 0:
            self.crossattention = InstructBlipVideoQFormerAttention(config, is_cross_attention=True)
            self.has_cross_attention = True
        else:
            self.has_cross_attention = False

        self.intermediate = InstructBlipVideoQFormerIntermediate(config)
        self.output = InstructBlipVideoQFormerOutput(config)

        self.intermediate_query = InstructBlipVideoQFormerIntermediate(config)
        self.output_query = InstructBlipVideoQFormerOutput(config)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states,
        attention_mask=None,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        encoder_attention_mask=None,
        query_length=0,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ):
        attention_output = self.attention(
            hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            **kwargs,
        )

        if query_length > 0:
            query_attention_output = attention_output[:, :query_length, :]

            if self.has_cross_attention:
                if encoder_hidden_states is None:
                    raise ValueError("encoder_hidden_states must be given for cross-attention layers")
                query_attention_output = self.crossattention(
                    query_attention_output,
                    attention_mask=attention_mask,
                    encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
                    encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
                    **kwargs,
                )

            layer_output = apply_chunking_to_forward(
                self.feed_forward_chunk_query,
                self.chunk_size_feed_forward,
                self.seq_len_dim,
                query_attention_output,
            )

            if attention_output.shape[1] > query_length:
                layer_output_text = apply_chunking_to_forward(
                    self.feed_forward_chunk,
                    self.chunk_size_feed_forward,
                    self.seq_len_dim,
                    attention_output[:, query_length:, :],
                ).to(layer_output.device)
                layer_output = torch.cat([layer_output, layer_output_text], dim=1)
        else:
            layer_output = apply_chunking_to_forward(
                self.feed_forward_chunk,
                self.chunk_size_feed_forward,
                self.seq_len_dim,
                attention_output,
            )
        return layer_output

    def feed_forward_chunk(self, attention_output):
        intermediate_output = self.intermediate(attention_output)
        layer_output = self.output(intermediate_output, attention_output)
        return layer_output

    def feed_forward_chunk_query(self, attention_output):
        intermediate_output = self.intermediate_query(attention_output)
        layer_output = self.output_query(intermediate_output, attention_output)
        return layer_output


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerEncoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer = nn.ModuleList(
            [InstructBlipVideoQFormerLayer(config, layer_idx) for layer_idx in range(config.num_hidden_layers)]
        )
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

    @can_return_tuple
    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states,
        attention_mask=None,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        encoder_attention_mask=None,
        query_length=0,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ):
        for i in range(self.config.num_hidden_layers):
            layer_module = self.layer[i]

            hidden_states = layer_module(
                hidden_states,
                attention_mask,
                encoder_hidden_states,  # as a positional argument for gradient checkpointing
                encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
                query_length=query_length,
                **kwargs,
            )

        return BaseModelOutputWithPastAndCrossAttentions(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
        )


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerEmbeddings(nn.Module):
    """Construct the embeddings from word and position embeddings."""

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.word_embeddings = nn.Embedding(config.vocab_size, config.hidden_size, padding_idx=config.pad_token_id)
        self.position_embeddings = nn.Embedding(config.max_position_embeddings, config.hidden_size)

        self.layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

        # position_ids (1, len position emb) is contiguous in memory and exported when serialized
        self.register_buffer(
            "position_ids", torch.arange(config.max_position_embeddings).expand((1, -1)), persistent=False
        )

        self.config = config

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids=None,
        position_ids=None,
        query_embeds=None,
        past_key_values_length=0,
    ):
        if input_ids is not None:
            seq_length = input_ids.size()[1]
        else:
            seq_length = 0

        if position_ids is None:
            position_ids = self.position_ids[:, past_key_values_length : seq_length + past_key_values_length].clone()

        if input_ids is not None:
            embeddings = self.word_embeddings(input_ids)

            position_embeddings = self.position_embeddings(position_ids.to(embeddings.device))
            embeddings = embeddings + position_embeddings

            if query_embeds is not None:
                embeddings = torch.cat((query_embeds, embeddings), dim=1)
        else:
            embeddings = query_embeds

        embeddings = embeddings.to(self.layernorm.weight.dtype)
        embeddings = self.layernorm(embeddings)
        embeddings = self.dropout(embeddings)
        return embeddings


class InstructBlipVideoQFormerModel(InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel):
    """
    Querying Transformer (Q-Former), used in InstructBlipVideo. Slightly modified from BLIP-2 as it also takes the
    instruction as input.
    """

    _supports_attention_backend = False  # adds position on attn weights before last matmul
    _supports_flash_attn = False
    _supports_sdpa = False
    _supports_flex_attn = False

    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": InstructBlipVideoQFormerLayer,
        "attentions": [
            OutputRecorder(InstructBlipVideoQFormerMultiHeadAttention, index=1, layer_name=".attention"),
        ],
        "cross_attentions": [
            OutputRecorder(InstructBlipVideoQFormerMultiHeadAttention, index=1, layer_name=".crossattention"),
        ],
    }

    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoQFormerConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.config = config

        self.embeddings = InstructBlipVideoQFormerEmbeddings(config)

        self.encoder = InstructBlipVideoQFormerEncoder(config)

        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.embeddings.word_embeddings

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.embeddings.word_embeddings = value

    def get_extended_attention_mask(
        self,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
        input_shape: tuple[int],
        device: torch.device,
        has_query: bool = False,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Makes broadcastable attention and causal masks so that future and masked tokens are ignored.

        Arguments:
            attention_mask (`torch.Tensor`):
                Mask with ones indicating tokens to attend to, zeros for tokens to ignore.
            input_shape (`tuple[int]`):
                The shape of the input to the model.
            device: (`torch.device`):
                The device of the input to the model.

        Returns:
            `torch.Tensor` The extended attention mask, with a the same dtype as `attention_mask.dtype`.
        """
        # We can provide a self-attention mask of dimensions [batch_size, from_seq_length, to_seq_length]
        # ourselves in which case we just need to make it broadcastable to all heads.
        if attention_mask.dim() == 3:
            extended_attention_mask = attention_mask[:, None, :, :]
        elif attention_mask.dim() == 2:
            # Provided a padding mask of dimensions [batch_size, seq_length]
            # - the model is an encoder, so make the mask broadcastable to [batch_size, num_heads, seq_length, seq_length]
            extended_attention_mask = attention_mask[:, None, None, :]
        else:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Wrong shape for input_ids (shape {input_shape}) or attention_mask (shape {attention_mask.shape})",
            )

        # Since attention_mask is 1.0 for positions we want to attend and 0.0 for
        # masked positions, this operation will create a tensor which is 0.0 for
        # positions we want to attend and -10000.0 for masked positions.
        # Since we are adding it to the raw scores before the softmax, this is
        # effectively the same as removing these entirely.
        extended_attention_mask = extended_attention_mask.to(dtype=self.dtype)  # fp16 compatibility
        extended_attention_mask = (1.0 - extended_attention_mask) * -10000.0
        return extended_attention_mask

    @check_model_inputs()
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        query_embeds: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> Union[tuple[torch.FloatTensor], BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions]:
        r"""
        query_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor`  of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
            Hidden states to be used in the attention computation. If cross-attention,
            will be used for the query (i.e., key and value will use the encoder_hidden_states).
        """
        if input_ids is None and query_embeds is None:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify query_embeds when input_ids is None")

        query_length = query_embeds.shape[1] if query_embeds is not None else 0

        embedding_output = self.embeddings(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            query_embeds=query_embeds,
        )

        input_shape = embedding_output.size()[:-1]
        batch_size, seq_length = input_shape
        device = embedding_output.device

        if attention_mask is None:
            attention_mask = torch.ones(((batch_size, seq_length)), device=device)

        # We can provide a self-attention mask of dimensions [batch_size, from_seq_length, to_seq_length]
        # ourselves in which case we just need to make it broadcastable to all heads.
        extended_attention_mask = self.get_extended_attention_mask(attention_mask, input_shape, device)

        # If a 2D or 3D attention mask is provided for the cross-attention
        # we need to make broadcastable to [batch_size, num_heads, seq_length, seq_length]
        if encoder_hidden_states is not None:
            if isinstance(encoder_hidden_states, list):
                encoder_batch_size, encoder_sequence_length, _ = encoder_hidden_states[0].size()
            else:
                encoder_batch_size, encoder_sequence_length, _ = encoder_hidden_states.size()
            encoder_hidden_shape = (encoder_batch_size, encoder_sequence_length)

            if isinstance(encoder_attention_mask, list):
                encoder_extended_attention_mask = [self.invert_attention_mask(mask) for mask in encoder_attention_mask]
            elif encoder_attention_mask is None:
                encoder_attention_mask = torch.ones(encoder_hidden_shape, device=device)
                encoder_extended_attention_mask = self.invert_attention_mask(encoder_attention_mask)
            else:
                encoder_extended_attention_mask = self.invert_attention_mask(encoder_attention_mask)
        else:
            encoder_extended_attention_mask = None

        encoder_outputs: BaseModelOutput = self.encoder(
            embedding_output,
            attention_mask=extended_attention_mask,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask=encoder_extended_attention_mask,
            query_length=query_length,
            **kwargs,
        )
        sequence_output = encoder_outputs.last_hidden_state
        pooled_output = sequence_output[:, 0, :]

        return BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions(
            last_hidden_state=sequence_output,
            pooler_output=pooled_output,
        )


@dataclass
@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    Class defining the outputs of [`InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration`].
    """
)
class InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGenerationModelOutput(ModelOutput):
    r"""
    loss (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*, returned when `labels` is provided, `torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`):
        Language modeling loss from the language model.
    logits (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)`):
        Prediction scores of the language modeling head of the language model.
    vision_outputs (`BaseModelOutputWithPooling`):
        Outputs of the vision encoder.
    qformer_outputs (`BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions`):
        Outputs of the Q-Former (Querying Transformer).
    language_model_outputs (`CausalLMOutputWithPast` or `Seq2SeqLMOutput`):
        Outputs of the language model.
    """

    loss: Optional[tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None
    logits: Optional[tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None
    vision_outputs: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None
    qformer_outputs: Optional[tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None
    language_model_outputs: Optional[tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None

    def to_tuple(self) -> tuple[Any]:
        return tuple(
            self[k]
            if k not in ["vision_outputs", "qformer_outputs", "language_model_outputs"]
            else getattr(self, k).to_tuple()
            for k in self.keys()
        )


@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    InstructBlipVideo base Model consisting of language model, qformer and vision encoder.
    """
)
class InstructBlipVideoModel(InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel):
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"
    _keep_in_fp32_modules = ["query_tokens"]  # TODO @ArthurZucker I don't know why this is required for FP8

    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoConfig):
        super().__init__(config)

        self.vision_model = InstructBlipVideoVisionModel(config.vision_config)
        self.query_tokens = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, config.num_query_tokens, config.qformer_config.hidden_size))
        self.qformer = InstructBlipVideoQFormerModel(config.qformer_config)

        self.language_projection = nn.Linear(config.qformer_config.hidden_size, config.text_config.hidden_size)
        self.language_model = AutoModel.from_config(config.text_config)

        if self.language_model._no_split_modules is not None:
            self._no_split_modules.extend(self.language_model._no_split_modules)

        if self.language_model._keep_in_fp32_modules is not None:
            self._keep_in_fp32_modules.extend(self.language_model._keep_in_fp32_modules)

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.language_model.get_input_embeddings()

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.language_model.set_input_embeddings(value)

    def _tie_weights(self):
        if not self.config.use_decoder_only_language_model:
            self.language_model.encoder.embed_tokens = self.language_model.shared
            self.language_model.decoder.embed_tokens = self.language_model.shared

    def _preprocess_accelerate(self):
        r"""
        Some pre-processing hacks to make the model `accelerate` compatible. Check
        https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/21707 for more details.
        """
        hf_device_map = self.hf_device_map

        if len(hf_device_map) > 1 and "language_model" not in hf_device_map and torch.cuda.device_count() > 1:
            # warn users about unexpected behavior when using multi-GPU + InstructBlipVideo + `accelerate`.
            logger.warning(
                "The `language_model` is not in the `hf_device_map` dictionary and you are running your script"
                " in a multi-GPU environment. this may lead to unexpected behavior when using `accelerate`."
                " Please pass a `device_map` that contains `language_model` to remove this warning."
                " Please refer to https://github.com/huggingface/blog/blob/main/accelerate-large-models.md for"
                " more details on creating a `device_map` for large models.",
            )

        if hasattr(self.language_model, "_hf_hook"):
            self.language_model._hf_hook.io_same_device = True  # For `generate` compatibility

    def get_placeholder_mask(self, input_ids: torch.LongTensor, inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor):
        """
        Obtains multimodal placeholder mask from `input_ids` or `inputs_embeds`.
        """
        if input_ids is None:
            special_image_mask = inputs_embeds == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                torch.tensor(self.config.image_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
            )
            special_image_mask = special_image_mask.all(-1)
        else:
            special_image_mask = input_ids == self.config.image_token_id

        special_image_mask = special_image_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand_as(inputs_embeds).to(inputs_embeds.device)
        return special_image_mask

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_input_ids: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        decoder_input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        decoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[FlashAttentionKwargs],
    ) -> Union[tuple, InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGenerationModelOutput]:
        r"""
        qformer_input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
            Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary of the Q-Former. Input tokens can optionally be provided
            to serve as text prompt, which the Q-Former model will encode.

            Indices can be obtained using [`InstructBlipVideoProcessor`]. See [`InstructBlipVideoProcessor.__call__`] for
            details.

            [What are input IDs?](../glossary#input-ids)
        qformer_attention_mask (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
            Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in `[0, 1]`:

            - 1 for tokens that are **not masked**,
            - 0 for tokens that are **masked**.

            [What are attention masks?](../glossary#attention-mask)
        decoder_attention_mask (`torch.BoolTensor` of shape `(batch_size, target_sequence_length)`, *optional*):
            Default behavior: generate a tensor that ignores pad tokens in `decoder_input_ids`. Causal mask will also
            be used by default.

            Only relevant in case an encoder-decoder language model (like T5) is used.
        """
        return_dict = return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict

        # step 1: forward the images through the vision encoder,
        # we process in a batched way, later unbatch it back (video has frames=4 always)
        batch_size, frames, channel, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        pixel_values = pixel_values.reshape(batch_size * frames, channel, height, width)

        vision_outputs = self.vision_model(
            pixel_values=pixel_values,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
            output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
            return_dict=return_dict,
            interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding,
        )
        image_embeds = vision_outputs[0]

        # step 2: forward the query tokens through the QFormer, using the image embeddings for cross-attention
        image_attention_mask = torch.ones(image_embeds.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long, device=image_embeds.device)

        # difference with BLIP-2 here: we also feed the instruction prompt to the Q-Former
        query_tokens = self.query_tokens.expand(image_embeds.shape[0], -1, -1)
        query_attention_mask = torch.ones(query_tokens.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long, device=image_embeds.device)

        if qformer_attention_mask is None:
            qformer_attention_mask = torch.ones_like(qformer_input_ids)

        qformer_input_ids = qformer_input_ids.repeat_interleave(frames, dim=0)
        qformer_attention_mask = qformer_attention_mask.repeat_interleave(frames, dim=0)
        qformer_attention_mask = torch.cat([query_attention_mask, qformer_attention_mask], dim=1)
        query_outputs = self.qformer(
            input_ids=qformer_input_ids,
            attention_mask=qformer_attention_mask,
            query_embeds=query_tokens,
            encoder_hidden_states=image_embeds,
            encoder_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
            output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
            return_dict=return_dict,
        )
        query_output = query_outputs[0][:, : query_tokens.size(1), :]

        # step 3: use the language model, conditioned on the query outputs and the prompt
        language_model_inputs = self.language_projection(query_output)

        # unbatch inputs back, each video-frame gets `num_query_tokens` seq length
        language_model_inputs = language_model_inputs.reshape(batch_size, self.config.num_query_tokens * frames, -1)
        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.language_model.get_input_embeddings()(input_ids)
            special_image_mask = input_ids == self.config.video_token_id
            if attention_mask is None:
                attention_mask = torch.ones_like(input_ids)
        else:
            special_image_mask = inputs_embeds == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                torch.tensor(self.config.video_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
            )
            special_image_mask = special_image_mask.all(-1)

        special_image_mask = special_image_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand_as(inputs_embeds).to(inputs_embeds.device)
        language_model_inputs = language_model_inputs.to(inputs_embeds.device, inputs_embeds.dtype)
        inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.masked_scatter(special_image_mask, language_model_inputs)

        if self.config.use_decoder_only_language_model:
            outputs = self.language_model(
                inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                output_attentions=output_attentions,
                output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
                return_dict=return_dict,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                **kwargs,
            )
        else:
            outputs = self.language_model(
                inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                decoder_input_ids=decoder_input_ids,
                decoder_attention_mask=decoder_attention_mask,
                output_attentions=output_attentions,
                output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
                return_dict=return_dict,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                **kwargs,
            )

        return InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGenerationModelOutput(
            vision_outputs=vision_outputs,
            qformer_outputs=query_outputs,
            language_model_outputs=outputs,
        )


@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    InstructBlipVideo Model for generating text given an image and an optional text prompt. The model consists of a vision
    encoder, Querying Transformer (Q-Former) and a language model.

    One can optionally pass `input_ids` to the model, which serve as a text prompt, to make the language model continue
    the prompt. Otherwise, the language model starts generating text from the [BOS] (beginning-of-sequence) token.
    """
)
class InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration(InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel, GenerationMixin):
    config: InstructBlipVideoConfig
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"

    _can_compile_fullgraph = True
    _keep_in_fp32_modules = ["query_tokens"]  # TODO @ArthurZucker I don't know why this is required for FP8

    def __init__(self, config: InstructBlipVideoConfig):
        super().__init__(config)

        self.vision_model = InstructBlipVideoVisionModel._from_config(config.vision_config)

        self.query_tokens = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, config.num_query_tokens, config.qformer_config.hidden_size))
        self.qformer = InstructBlipVideoQFormerModel._from_config(config.qformer_config)

        self.language_projection = nn.Linear(config.qformer_config.hidden_size, config.text_config.hidden_size)

        if config.use_decoder_only_language_model:
            language_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_config(config.text_config)
        else:
            language_model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_config(config.text_config)

        if language_model._no_split_modules is not None:
            self._no_split_modules.extend(language_model._no_split_modules)

        if language_model._keep_in_fp32_modules is not None:
            self._keep_in_fp32_modules.extend(language_model._keep_in_fp32_modules)

        self.language_model = language_model

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.language_model.get_input_embeddings()

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.language_model.set_input_embeddings(value)

    def set_output_embeddings(self, new_embeddings):
        self.language_model.set_output_embeddings(new_embeddings)

    def get_output_embeddings(self) -> nn.Module:
        return self.language_model.get_output_embeddings()

    def get_encoder(self):
        return self.language_model.get_encoder()

    def get_decoder(self):
        return self.language_model.get_decoder()

    def _tie_weights(self):
        if not self.config.use_decoder_only_language_model:
            self.language_model.encoder.embed_tokens = self.language_model.shared
            self.language_model.decoder.embed_tokens = self.language_model.shared

    def _preprocess_accelerate(self):
        r"""
        Some pre-processing hacks to make the model `accelerate` compatible. Check
        https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/21707 for more details.
        """
        hf_device_map = self.hf_device_map

        if len(hf_device_map) > 1 and "language_model" not in hf_device_map and torch.cuda.device_count() > 1:
            # warn users about unexpected behavior when using multi-GPU + InstructBlipVideo + `accelerate`.
            logger.warning(
                "The `language_model` is not in the `hf_device_map` dictionary and you are running your script"
                " in a multi-GPU environment. this may lead to unexpected behavior when using `accelerate`."
                " Please pass a `device_map` that contains `language_model` to remove this warning."
                " Please refer to https://github.com/huggingface/blog/blob/main/accelerate-large-models.md for"
                " more details on creating a `device_map` for large models.",
            )

        if hasattr(self.language_model, "_hf_hook"):
            self.language_model._hf_hook.io_same_device = True  # For `generate` compatibility

    def get_image_features(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        qformer_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: Optional[bool] = False,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = False,
    ):
        """
        Encodes images into continuous embeddings that can be forwarded to the language model.

        Args:
            pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
                The tensors corresponding to the input images.
        """
        pass

    def get_placeholder_mask(self, input_ids: torch.LongTensor, inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor):
        """
        Obtains multimodal placeholder mask from `input_ids` or `inputs_embeds`.
        """
        if input_ids is None:
            special_image_mask = inputs_embeds == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                torch.tensor(self.config.video_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
            )
            special_image_mask = special_image_mask.all(-1)
        else:
            special_image_mask = input_ids == self.config.video_token_id

        special_image_mask = special_image_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand_as(inputs_embeds).to(inputs_embeds.device)
        return special_image_mask

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_input_ids: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        decoder_input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        decoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        labels: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> Union[tuple, InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGenerationModelOutput]:
        r"""
        qformer_input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)):
            The sequence used as a prompt to be fed to the Q-Former module.
        qformer_attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), *optional*):
            Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices.

        Examples:

        ```python
        >>> from transformers import InstructBlipVideoProcessor, InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration
        >>> import torch
        >>> from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
        >>> import av
        >>> import numpy as np

        >>> def read_video_pyav(container, indices):
        ...     '''
        ...     Decode the video with PyAV decoder.
        ...     Args:
        ...         container (`av.container.input.InputContainer`): PyAV container.
        ...         indices (`list[int]`): List of frame indices to decode.
        ...     Returns:
        ...         result (np.ndarray): np array of decoded frames of shape (num_frames, height, width, 3).
        ...     '''
        ...     frames = []
        ...     container.seek(0)
        ...     start_index = indices[0]
        ...     end_index = indices[-1]
        ...     for i, frame in enumerate(container.decode(video=0)):
        ...         if i > end_index:
        ...             break
        ...         if i >= start_index and i in indices:
        ...             frames.append(frame)
        ...     return np.stack([x.to_ndarray(format="rgb24") for x in frames])

        >>> model = InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("Salesforce/instructblip-vicuna-7b", device_map="auto")
        >>> processor = InstructBlipVideoProcessor.from_pretrained("Salesforce/instructblip-vicuna-7b")

        >>> file_path = hf_hub_download(
        ...       repo_id="nielsr/video-demo", filename="eating_spaghetti.mp4", repo_type="dataset"
        ... )
        >>> container = av.open(file_path)

        >>> # sample uniformly 4 frames from the videWhy is this video funny?o
        >>> total_frames = container.streams.video[0].frames
        >>> indices = np.arange(0, total_frames, total_frames / 4).astype(int)
        >>> clip = read_video_pyav(container, indices)

        >>> prompt = "What is happening in the video?"
        >>> inputs = processor(text=prompt, images=clip, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

        >>> outputs = model.generate(
        ...     **inputs,
        ...     do_sample=False,
        ...     num_beams=5,
        ...     max_length=256,
        ...     repetition_penalty=1.5,
        ...     length_penalty=1.0,
        ... )
        >>> generated_text = processor.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True)[0].strip()
        >>> print(generated_text)
        "A person is eating a bowl of pasta, and they are using a fork to eat it. The person is sitting at a table, and the plate of pasta is on the table in front"
        ```"""
        return_dict = return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict

        language_model_inputs, vision_outputs, query_outputs = self.get_video_features(
            pixel_values,
            qformer_input_ids=qformer_input_ids,
            qformer_attention_mask=qformer_attention_mask,
            interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding,
            return_dict=True,
        )
        vision_outputs = vision_outputs.to_tuple() if not return_dict else vision_outputs
        query_outputs = query_outputs.to_tuple() if not return_dict else query_outputs

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.get_input_embeddings()(input_ids)

        if attention_mask is None:
            attention_mask = torch.ones_like(input_ids)

        language_model_inputs = language_model_inputs.to(inputs_embeds.device, inputs_embeds.dtype)
        special_image_mask = self.get_placeholder_mask(input_ids, inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds)
        inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.masked_scatter(special_image_mask, language_model_inputs)

        if self.config.use_decoder_only_language_model:
            outputs = self.language_model(
                inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                output_attentions=output_attentions,
                output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
                return_dict=return_dict,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                **kwargs,
            )
            logits = outputs.logits if return_dict else outputs[0]
            loss = None
            if labels is not None:
                loss = self.loss_function(
                    logits=logits, labels=labels, vocab_size=self.config.text_config.vocab_size, **kwargs
                )

        else:
            outputs = self.language_model(
                inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                decoder_input_ids=decoder_input_ids,
                decoder_attention_mask=decoder_attention_mask,
                output_attentions=output_attentions,
                output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
                return_dict=return_dict,
                labels=labels,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                **kwargs,
            )
            loss = outputs.loss if return_dict else outputs[0]
            logits = outputs.logits if return_dict else outputs[1]

        return InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGenerationModelOutput(
            loss=loss,
            logits=logits,
            vision_outputs=vision_outputs,
            qformer_outputs=query_outputs,
            language_model_outputs=outputs,
        )

    @torch.no_grad()
    def generate(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        qformer_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
        **generate_kwargs,
    ) -> torch.LongTensor:
        r"""
        Overrides `generate` function to be able to use the model as a conditional generator.

        Args:
            pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape (batch_size, num_channels, height, width) or
                (batch_size, num_frames, num_channels, height, width)): Input images or videos to be processed.
            qformer_input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), *optional*):
                The sequence used as a prompt to be fed to the Q-Former module.
            qformer_attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), *optional*):
                Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices.
            input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), *optional*):
                The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
            attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor` of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), *optional*):
                Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices.
            inputs_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
                Embedded representation of the inputs. Should be float, not int tokens.
            interpolate_pos_encoding (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
                Whether to interpolate the positional encoding of the image embeddings.

        Returns:
            captions (list): A list of strings of length batch_size * num_captions.
        """
        if hasattr(self, "hf_device_map"):
            # preprocess for `accelerate`
            self._preprocess_accelerate()

        batch_size = pixel_values.shape[0]
        language_model_inputs, vision_outputs, query_outputs = self.get_video_features(
            pixel_values,
            qformer_input_ids=qformer_input_ids,
            qformer_attention_mask=qformer_attention_mask,
            interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding,
            return_dict=True,
        )

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            if input_ids is None:
                video_tokens = [self.config.video_token_index] * self.config.num_query_tokens * 4
                start_tokens = video_tokens + [self.config.text_config.bos_token_id]
                input_ids = torch.tensor([start_tokens], dtype=torch.long, device=pixel_values.device)
                input_ids = input_ids.repeat(batch_size, 1)
            inputs_embeds = self.get_input_embeddings()(input_ids)

        if attention_mask is None:
            attention_mask = torch.ones_like(input_ids)

        language_model_inputs = language_model_inputs.to(inputs_embeds.device, inputs_embeds.dtype)
        special_image_mask = self.get_placeholder_mask(input_ids, inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds)
        inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.masked_scatter(special_image_mask, language_model_inputs)

        inputs = {"inputs_embeds": inputs_embeds, "attention_mask": attention_mask}
        if not self.language_model.config.is_encoder_decoder:
            inputs["input_ids"] = input_ids

        outputs = self.language_model.generate(**inputs, **generate_kwargs)

        return outputs

    def get_video_features(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        qformer_input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        qformer_attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: Optional[bool] = False,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = False,
    ):
        """
        Encodes images into continuous embeddings that can be forwarded to the language model.

        Args:
            pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
                The tensors corresponding to the input images.
        """
        # step 1: forward the images through the vision encoder,
        # we process in a batched way, later unbatch it back (video has frames=4 always)
        batch_size, frames, channel, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        pixel_values = pixel_values.reshape(batch_size * frames, channel, height, width)

        vision_outputs = self.vision_model(
            pixel_values=pixel_values,
            interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding,
            return_dict=True,
        )
        image_embeds = vision_outputs[0]

        # step 2: forward the query tokens through the QFormer, using the image embeddings for cross-attention
        image_attention_mask = torch.ones(image_embeds.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long, device=image_embeds.device)

        # difference with BLIP-2 here: we also feed the instruction prompt to the Q-Former
        query_tokens = self.query_tokens.expand(image_embeds.shape[0], -1, -1)
        query_attention_mask = torch.ones(query_tokens.size()[:-1], dtype=torch.long, device=image_embeds.device)

        if qformer_attention_mask is None:
            qformer_attention_mask = torch.ones_like(qformer_input_ids)

        qformer_input_ids = qformer_input_ids.repeat_interleave(frames, dim=0)
        qformer_attention_mask = qformer_attention_mask.repeat_interleave(frames, dim=0)
        qformer_attention_mask = torch.cat([query_attention_mask, qformer_attention_mask], dim=1)
        query_outputs = self.qformer(
            input_ids=qformer_input_ids,
            attention_mask=qformer_attention_mask,
            query_embeds=query_tokens,
            encoder_hidden_states=image_embeds,
            encoder_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
            return_dict=True,
        )
        query_output = query_outputs[0][:, : query_tokens.size(1), :]

        # step 3: use the language model, conditioned on the query outputs and the prompt
        language_model_inputs = self.language_projection(query_output)

        # unbatch inputs back, each video-frame gets `num_query_tokens` seq length
        language_model_inputs = language_model_inputs.reshape(batch_size, self.config.num_query_tokens * frames, -1)
        if return_dict:
            return language_model_inputs, vision_outputs, query_outputs
        return language_model_inputs


__all__ = [
    "InstructBlipVideoVisionModel",
    "InstructBlipVideoPreTrainedModel",
    "InstructBlipVideoQFormerModel",
    "InstructBlipVideoModel",
    "InstructBlipVideoForConditionalGeneration",
]
