Perceiver interpolate position embedding (#30979)

* add test that currently fails

* test passed

* all perceiver passed

* fixup, style, quality, repo-consistency, all passed

* Apply suggestions from code review: default to False + compute sqrt once only
Co-authored-by: amyeroberts <22614925+amyeroberts@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix a minor bracket

* replace dim with self._num_channels

* add arguments to the rest preprocessors

---------
Co-authored-by: amyeroberts <22614925+amyeroberts@users.noreply.github.com>

src/transformers/models/perceiver/modeling_perceiver.py

@@ -699,13 +699,24 @@ PERCEIVER_INPUTS_DOCSTRING = r"""
         output_hidden_states (`bool`, *optional*):
             Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See `hidden_states` under returned tensors for
             more detail.
+        interpolate_pos_encoding (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
+            Whether to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings.
         return_dict (`bool`, *optional*):
             Whether or not to return a [`~utils.ModelOutput`] instead of a plain tuple.
 """
 
 
 @add_start_docstrings(
-    """The Perceiver: a scalable, fully attentional architecture.""",
+    """The Perceiver: a scalable, fully attentional architecture.
+
+    <Tip>
+
+        Note that it's possible to fine-tune Perceiver on higher resolution images than the ones it has been trained on, by
+        setting `interpolate_pos_encoding` to `True` in the forward of the model. This will interpolate the pre-trained
+        position embeddings to the higher resolution.
+
+    </Tip>
+    """,
     PERCEIVER_MODEL_START_DOCSTRING,
 )
 class PerceiverModel(PerceiverPreTrainedModel):
@@ -754,6 +765,7 @@ class PerceiverModel(PerceiverPreTrainedModel):
         head_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
         output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
         output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
         return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Union[Tuple, PerceiverModelOutput]:
         r"""
@@ -857,7 +869,9 @@ class PerceiverModel(PerceiverPreTrainedModel):
         return_dict = return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict
 
         if self.input_preprocessor is not None:
-            inputs, modality_sizes, inputs_without_pos = self.input_preprocessor(inputs)
+            inputs, modality_sizes, inputs_without_pos = self.input_preprocessor(
+                inputs, interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding
+            )
         else:
             modality_sizes = None
             inputs_without_pos = None
@@ -1247,6 +1261,7 @@ class PerceiverForImageClassificationLearned(PerceiverPreTrainedModel):
         output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
         output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
         labels: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
         return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
         pixel_values: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
     ) -> Union[Tuple, PerceiverClassifierOutput]:
@@ -1295,6 +1310,7 @@ class PerceiverForImageClassificationLearned(PerceiverPreTrainedModel):
             head_mask=head_mask,
             output_attentions=output_attentions,
             output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
+            interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding,
             return_dict=return_dict,
         )
         logits = outputs.logits if return_dict else outputs[0]
@@ -2749,9 +2765,31 @@ class PerceiverTrainablePositionEncoding(PerceiverAbstractPositionEncoding):
     def output_size(self, *args, **kwargs) -> int:
         return self._num_channels
 
-    def forward(self, batch_size: int) -> torch.Tensor:
+    def interpolate_pos_encoding(self, position_embeddings: torch.Tensor, height: int, width: int) -> torch.Tensor:
+        num_positions = position_embeddings.shape[0]
+        new_height = new_width = math.sqrt(num_positions)
+        position_embeddings = position_embeddings.reshape(
+            1, int(new_height), int(new_width), self._num_channels
+        ).permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
+        position_embeddings = nn.functional.interpolate(
+            position_embeddings,
+            scale_factor=(height / new_height, width / new_width),
+            mode="bicubic",
+            align_corners=False,
+        )
+        position_embeddings = position_embeddings.reshape(1, self._num_channels, -1).permute(0, 2, 1).squeeze(0)
+        return position_embeddings
+
+    def forward(
+        self, batch_size: int, interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False, input_size: torch.Size = None
+    ) -> torch.Tensor:
         position_embeddings = self.position_embeddings
 
+        if interpolate_pos_encoding:
+            height, width = input_size
+            height, width = height + 0.1, width + 0.1
+            position_embeddings = self.interpolate_pos_encoding(position_embeddings, height, width)
+
         if batch_size is not None:
             position_embeddings = position_embeddings.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)
         return position_embeddings
@@ -2859,7 +2897,13 @@ class PerceiverTextPreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
     def num_channels(self) -> int:
         return self.config.d_model
 
-    def forward(self, inputs: torch.LongTensor, pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, network_input_is_1d: bool = True):
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        inputs: torch.LongTensor,
+        pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+        network_input_is_1d: bool = True,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
+    ):
         embeddings_without_pos = self.embeddings(inputs)
 
         seq_length = inputs.shape[1]
@@ -3139,7 +3183,9 @@ class PerceiverImagePreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
 
         return inp_dim + pos_dim
 
-    def _build_network_inputs(self, inputs: torch.Tensor, network_input_is_1d: bool = True):
+    def _build_network_inputs(
+        self, inputs: torch.Tensor, network_input_is_1d: bool = True, interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False
+    ):
         """
         Construct the final input, including position encoding.
 
@@ -3147,6 +3193,7 @@ class PerceiverImagePreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
 
         """
         batch_size = inputs.shape[0]
+        input_size = inputs.shape[1:3]
         index_dims = inputs.shape[1:-1]
         indices = np.prod(index_dims)
 
@@ -3156,7 +3203,7 @@ class PerceiverImagePreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
 
         # Construct the position encoding.
         if self.position_encoding_type == "trainable":
-            pos_enc = self.position_embeddings(batch_size)
+            pos_enc = self.position_embeddings(batch_size, interpolate_pos_encoding, input_size)
         elif self.position_encoding_type == "fourier":
             pos_enc = self.position_embeddings(index_dims, batch_size, device=inputs.device, dtype=inputs.dtype)
 
@@ -3174,7 +3221,13 @@ class PerceiverImagePreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
             inputs_with_pos = inputs + pos_enc
         return inputs_with_pos, inputs
 
-    def forward(self, inputs: torch.Tensor, pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, network_input_is_1d: bool = True):
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        inputs: torch.Tensor,
+        pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+        network_input_is_1d: bool = True,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
+    ):
         if self.prep_type == "conv":
             # Convnet image featurization.
             # Downsamples spatially by a factor of 4
@@ -3218,7 +3271,7 @@ class PerceiverImagePreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
             else:
                 raise ValueError("Unsupported data format for conv1x1.")
 
-        inputs, inputs_without_pos = self._build_network_inputs(inputs, network_input_is_1d)
+        inputs, inputs_without_pos = self._build_network_inputs(inputs, network_input_is_1d, interpolate_pos_encoding)
         modality_sizes = None  # Size for each modality, only needed for multimodal
 
         return inputs, modality_sizes, inputs_without_pos
@@ -3338,7 +3391,13 @@ class PerceiverAudioPreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
 
         return inputs_with_pos, inputs
 
-    def forward(self, inputs: torch.Tensor, pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, network_input_is_1d: bool = True):
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        inputs: torch.Tensor,
+        pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+        network_input_is_1d: bool = True,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
+    ):
         inputs = torch.reshape(inputs, [inputs.shape[0], -1, self.samples_per_patch])
 
         inputs, inputs_without_pos = self._build_network_inputs(inputs)
@@ -3391,7 +3450,11 @@ class PerceiverMultimodalPreprocessor(AbstractPreprocessor):
         return common_channel_size
 
     def forward(
-        self, inputs: Mapping[str, torch.Tensor], pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, network_input_is_1d: bool = True
+        self,
+        inputs: Mapping[str, torch.Tensor],
+        pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+        network_input_is_1d: bool = True,
+        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
     ) -> PreprocessorOutputType:
         padded = {}
         modality_sizes = {}

tests/models/perceiver/test_modeling_perceiver.py

@@ -1031,3 +1031,23 @@ class PerceiverModelIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
         self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(logits[0, :3, :3, :3], expected_slice, atol=1e-4))
+
+    @slow
+    def test_inference_interpolate_pos_encoding(self):
+        image_processor = PerceiverImageProcessor(size={"height": 384, "width": 384})
+        model = PerceiverForImageClassificationLearned.from_pretrained("deepmind/vision-perceiver-learned")
+        model.to(torch_device)
+
+        # prepare inputs
+        image = prepare_img()
+        inputs = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values.to(torch_device)
+        input_mask = None
+
+        # forward pass
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            outputs = model(inputs=inputs, attention_mask=input_mask, interpolate_pos_encoding=True)
+        logits = outputs.logits
+
+        # verify logits
+        expected_shape = torch.Size((1, model.config.num_labels))
+        self.assertEqual(logits.shape, expected_shape)