"""Tensorflow trainer class."""

import logging
import math
import os
from typing import Callable, Dict, Optional, Tuple

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf

from .modeling_tf_utils import TFPreTrainedModel
from .optimization_tf import GradientAccumulator, create_optimizer
from .trainer_utils import PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR, EvalPrediction, PredictionOutput
from .training_args_tf import TFTrainingArguments


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class TFTrainer:
    model: TFPreTrainedModel
    args: TFTrainingArguments
    train_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset]
    eval_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset]
    compute_metrics: Optional[Callable[[EvalPrediction], Dict]] = None
    prediction_loss_only: bool
    tb_writer: Optional[tf.summary.SummaryWriter] = None
    optimizers: Tuple[tf.keras.optimizers.Optimizer, tf.keras.optimizers.schedules.LearningRateSchedule] = None
    global_step: Optional[int] = None
    epoch: Optional[float] = None

    def __init__(
        self,
        model: TFPreTrainedModel,
        args: TFTrainingArguments,
        train_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset] = None,
        eval_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset] = None,
        compute_metrics: Optional[Callable[[EvalPrediction], Dict]] = None,
        prediction_loss_only=False,
        tb_writer: Optional[tf.summary.SummaryWriter] = None,
        optimizers: Tuple[tf.keras.optimizers.Optimizer, tf.keras.optimizers.schedules.LearningRateSchedule] = None,
    ):
        self.model = model
        self.args = args
        self.train_dataset = train_dataset
        self.eval_dataset = eval_dataset
        self.compute_metrics = compute_metrics
        self.prediction_loss_only = prediction_loss_only
        self.optimizers = optimizers
        self.gradient_accumulator = GradientAccumulator()

        if tb_writer is not None:
            self.tb_writer = tb_writer
        else:
            self.tb_writer = tf.summary.create_file_writer(self.args.logging_dir)

    def get_train_tfdataset(self) -> tf.data.Dataset:
        if self.train_dataset is None:
            raise ValueError("Trainer: training requires a train_dataset.")

        self.num_train_examples = self.train_dataset.reduce(tf.constant(0), lambda x, _: x + 1).numpy()

        if self.args.max_steps > 0:
            self.train_steps = self.args.max_steps
        else:
            self.train_steps: int = math.ceil(self.num_train_examples / self.args.train_batch_size)

        ds = (
            self.train_dataset.cache()
            .shuffle(self.num_train_examples)
            .batch(self.args.train_batch_size)
            .prefetch(tf.data.experimental.AUTOTUNE)
        )

        if self.args.max_steps > 0:
            self.train_dataset = self.train_dataset.repeat(-1)

        return self.args.strategy.experimental_distribute_dataset(ds)

    def get_eval_tfdataset(self, eval_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset] = None) -> tf.data.Dataset:
        if eval_dataset is None and self.eval_dataset is None:
            raise ValueError("Trainer: evaluation requires an eval_dataset.")

        eval_dataset = eval_dataset if eval_dataset is not None else self.eval_dataset
        ds = eval_dataset.cache().batch(self.args.eval_batch_size).prefetch(tf.data.experimental.AUTOTUNE)

        return self.args.strategy.experimental_distribute_dataset(ds)

    def get_test_tfdataset(self, test_dataset: tf.data.Dataset) -> tf.data.Dataset:
        ds = test_dataset.batch(self.args.eval_batch_size)

        return self.args.strategy.experimental_distribute_dataset(ds)

    def get_optimizers(
        self,
    ) -> Tuple[tf.keras.optimizers.Optimizer, tf.keras.optimizers.schedules.LearningRateSchedule]:
        """
        Setup the optimizer and the learning rate scheduler.

        We provide a reasonable default that works well.
        If you want to use something else, you can pass a tuple in the Trainer's init,
        or override this method in a subclass.
        """
        if self.optimizers is not None:
            return self.optimizers

        optimizer, scheduler = create_optimizer(
            self.args.learning_rate,
            self.train_steps,
            self.args.warmup_steps,
            adam_epsilon=self.args.adam_epsilon,
            weight_decay_rate=self.args.weight_decay,
        )

        return optimizer, scheduler

    @tf.function
    def _evaluate_steps(self, per_replica_features, per_replica_labels):
        """
        One step evaluation across replica.
        Args:
          per_replica_features: the batched features.
          per_replica_labels: the batched labels.
        Returns:
          The loss corresponding to the given batch.
        """
        per_replica_loss, per_replica_logits = self.args.strategy.experimental_run_v2(
            self._run_model, args=(per_replica_features, per_replica_labels, False)
        )

        try:
            reduced_loss = self.args.strategy.reduce(tf.distribute.ReduceOp.MEAN, per_replica_loss, axis=0)
        except ValueError:
            reduced_loss = self.args.strategy.reduce(tf.distribute.ReduceOp.MEAN, per_replica_loss, None)

        return reduced_loss, per_replica_logits

    def _prediction_loop(
        self, dataset: tf.data.Dataset, description: str, prediction_loss_only: Optional[bool] = None
    ) -> PredictionOutput:
        """
        Prediction/evaluation loop, shared by `evaluate()` and `predict()`.

        Works both with or without labels.
        """

        prediction_loss_only = prediction_loss_only if prediction_loss_only is not None else self.prediction_loss_only

        logger.info("***** Running %s *****", description)
        logger.info("  Batch size = %d", self.args.eval_batch_size)

        label_ids: np.ndarray = None
        preds: np.ndarray = None

        step: int = 1

        for features, labels in dataset:
            step = tf.convert_to_tensor(step, dtype=tf.int64)
            loss, logits = self._evaluate_steps(features, labels)
            loss = tf.reduce_mean(loss)

            if not prediction_loss_only:
                if isinstance(logits, tuple):
                    logits = logits[0]

                if isinstance(labels, tuple):
                    labels = labels[0]

                if self.args.n_gpu > 1:
                    for val in logits.values:
                        if preds is None:
                            preds = val.numpy()
                        else:
                            preds = np.append(preds, val.numpy(), axis=0)

                    for val in labels.values:
                        if label_ids is None:
                            label_ids = val.numpy()
                        else:
                            label_ids = np.append(label_ids, val.numpy(), axis=0)
                else:
                    if preds is None:
                        preds = logits.numpy()
                    else:
                        preds = np.append(preds, logits.numpy(), axis=0)

                    if label_ids is None:
                        label_ids = labels.numpy()
                    else:
                        label_ids = np.append(label_ids, labels.numpy(), axis=0)

            step += 1

        if self.compute_metrics is not None and preds is not None and label_ids is not None:
            metrics = self.compute_metrics(EvalPrediction(predictions=preds, label_ids=label_ids))
        else:
            metrics = {}

        metrics["eval_loss"] = loss.numpy()

        for key in list(metrics.keys()):
            if not key.startswith("eval_"):
                metrics[f"eval_{key}"] = metrics.pop(key)

        return PredictionOutput(predictions=preds, label_ids=label_ids, metrics=metrics)

    def evaluate(
        self, eval_dataset: Optional[tf.data.Dataset] = None, prediction_loss_only: Optional[bool] = None
    ) -> Dict[str, float]:
        """
        Prediction/evaluation loop, shared by `evaluate()` and `predict()`.
        """
        eval_ds = self.get_eval_tfdataset(eval_dataset)

        output = self._prediction_loop(eval_ds, description="Evaluation")

        return output.metrics

    def train(self) -> None:
        """
        Train method to train the model.
        """
        train_ds = self.get_train_tfdataset()

        if self.args.debug:
            tf.summary.trace_on(graph=True, profiler=True)

        self.gradient_accumulator.reset()

        with self.args.strategy.scope():
            optimizer, lr_scheduler = self.get_optimizers()
            iterations = optimizer.iterations
            folder = os.path.join(self.args.output_dir, PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR)
            ckpt = tf.train.Checkpoint(optimizer=optimizer, model=self.model)
            self.model.ckpt_manager = tf.train.CheckpointManager(ckpt, folder, max_to_keep=self.args.save_total_limit)

            if self.model.ckpt_manager.latest_checkpoint:
                logger.info(
                    "Checkpoint file %s found and restoring from checkpoint", self.model.ckpt_manager.latest_checkpoint
                )

                ckpt.restore(self.model.ckpt_manager.latest_checkpoint).expect_partial()

        if iterations.numpy() > 0:
            logger.info("Start the training from the last checkpoint")
            start_epoch = (iterations.numpy() // self.train_steps) + 1
        else:
            start_epoch = 1

        tf.summary.experimental.set_step(iterations)

        epochs = 1 if self.args.max_steps > 0 else self.args.num_train_epochs

        if self.args.fp16:
            policy = tf.keras.mixed_precision.experimental.Policy("mixed_float16")
            tf.keras.mixed_precision.experimental.set_policy(policy)

        with self.tb_writer.as_default():
            tf.summary.text("args", self.args.to_json_string())

        self.tb_writer.flush()

        logger.info("***** Running training *****")
        logger.info("  Num examples = %d", self.num_train_examples)
        logger.info("  Num Epochs = %d", epochs)
        logger.info("  Total optimization steps = %d", self.train_steps)

        for epoch in range(start_epoch, int(epochs + 1)):
            for training_loss in self._training_steps(train_ds, optimizer):
                step = iterations.numpy()

                if self.args.debug:
                    with self.tb_writer.as_default():
                        tf.summary.scalar("loss", training_loss, step=step)

                if step == 1 and self.args.debug:
                    with self.tb_writer.as_default():
                        tf.summary.trace_export(name="training", step=step, profiler_outdir=self.args.logging_dir)

                if self.args.evaluate_during_training and step % self.args.eval_steps == 0:
                    logs = {}
                    results = self.evaluate()

                    for key, value in results.items():
                        eval_key = "eval_{}".format(key)
                        logs[eval_key] = value

                    logs["learning_rate"] = lr_scheduler(step).numpy()

                    logger.info("Epoch {} Step {} Validation Metrics {}".format(epoch, step, logs))

                    with self.tb_writer.as_default():
                        for k, v in logs.items():
                            tf.summary.scalar(k, v, step=step)

                    self.tb_writer.flush()

                if step % self.args.logging_steps == 0:
                    logger.info("Epoch {} Step {} Train Loss {:.4f}".format(epoch, step, training_loss.numpy()))

                if step % self.args.save_steps == 0:
                    ckpt_save_path = self.model.ckpt_manager.save()
                    logger.info("Saving checkpoint for step {} at {}".format(step, ckpt_save_path))

                if step % self.train_steps == 0:
                    break

    def _training_steps(self, ds, optimizer):
        """
        Returns a generator over training steps (i.e. parameters update).
        """
        for i, loss in enumerate(self._accumulate_next_gradients(ds)):
            if i % self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps == 0:
                self._apply_gradients(optimizer)
                yield loss

    @tf.function
    def _apply_gradients(self, optimizer):
        """Applies the gradients (cross-replica)."""
        self.args.strategy.experimental_run_v2(self._step, args=(optimizer,))

    def _step(self, optimizer):
        """Applies gradients and resets accumulation."""
        gradient_scale = self.gradient_accumulator.step * self.args.strategy.num_replicas_in_sync
        gradients = [
            gradient / tf.cast(gradient_scale, gradient.dtype) for gradient in self.gradient_accumulator.gradients
        ]
        gradients = [(tf.clip_by_value(grad, -self.args.max_grad_norm, self.args.max_grad_norm)) for grad in gradients]

        optimizer.apply_gradients(list(zip(gradients, self.model.trainable_variables)))
        self.gradient_accumulator.reset()

    def _accumulate_next_gradients(self, ds):
        """Accumulates the gradients from the next element in dataset."""
        iterator = iter(ds)

        @tf.function
        def _accumulate_next():
            per_replica_features, per_replica_labels = next(iterator)

            return self._accumulate_gradients(per_replica_features, per_replica_labels)

        while True:
            try:
                yield _accumulate_next()
            except tf.errors.OutOfRangeError:
                break

    def _accumulate_gradients(self, per_replica_features, per_replica_labels):
        """Accumulates the gradients across all the replica."""
        per_replica_loss = self.args.strategy.experimental_run_v2(
            self._forward, args=(per_replica_features, per_replica_labels)
        )

        try:
            reduced_loss = self.args.strategy.reduce(tf.distribute.ReduceOp.MEAN, per_replica_loss, axis=0)
        except ValueError:
            reduced_loss = self.args.strategy.reduce(tf.distribute.ReduceOp.MEAN, per_replica_loss, None)

        return reduced_loss

    def _forward(self, features, labels):
        """Forwards a training example and accumulates the gradients."""
        per_example_loss, _ = self._run_model(features, labels, True)
        gradients = tf.gradients(per_example_loss, self.model.trainable_variables)
        gradients = [
            g if g is not None else tf.zeros_like(v) for g, v in zip(gradients, self.model.trainable_variables)
        ]

        self.gradient_accumulator(gradients)

        return per_example_loss

    def _run_model(self, features, labels, training):
        """
        Computes the loss of the given features and labels pair.
        Args:
          features: the batched features.
          labels: the batched labels.
          training: run the model in training mode or not
        """
        if isinstance(labels, (dict)):
            loss, logits = self.model(features, training=training, **labels)[:2]
        else:
            loss, logits = self.model(features, labels=labels, training=training)[:2]
        loss += sum(self.model.losses) * (1.0 / self.args.n_gpu)

        return loss, logits

    def predict(self, test_dataset: tf.data.Dataset) -> PredictionOutput:
        """
        Run prediction and return predictions and potential metrics.
        Depending on the dataset and your use case, your test dataset may contain labels.
        In that case, this method will also return metrics, like in evaluate().
        Args:
          test_dataset: something similar to a PT Dataset. This is just
            temporary before to have a framework-agnostic approach for datasets.
        """
        test_ds = self.get_test_tfdataset(test_dataset)

        return self._prediction_loop(test_ds, description="Prediction")

    def save_model(self, output_dir: Optional[str] = None):
        """
        Save the pretrained model.
        """
        output_dir = output_dir if output_dir is not None else self.args.output_dir

        logger.info("Saving model in {}".format(output_dir))

        if not isinstance(self.model, TFPreTrainedModel):
            raise ValueError("Trainer.model appears to not be a PreTrainedModel")

        self.model.save_pretrained(self.args.output_dir)
