Merge tag 'v0.12.0' into v0.12.0-dev

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_reshape_and_cache_flash.py

 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
-from __future__ import annotations
-
 import random
 import time
 
@@ -14,9 +12,9 @@ from vllm.attention.ops.triton_reshape_and_cache_flash import (
 )
 from vllm.logger import init_logger
 from vllm.platforms import current_platform
-from vllm.utils import (
+from vllm.utils.argparse_utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
+from vllm.utils.torch_utils import (
     STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE,
-    FlexibleArgumentParser,
     create_kv_caches_with_random_flash,
 )
 

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_rmsnorm.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
 
 import itertools
-from typing import Optional, Union
 
 import torch
 from flashinfer.norm import fused_add_rmsnorm, rmsnorm
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@ class HuggingFaceRMSNorm(nn.Module):
     def forward(
         self,
         x: torch.Tensor,
-        residual: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
-    ) -> Union[torch.Tensor, tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]]:
+        residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
+    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
         orig_dtype = x.dtype
         x = x.to(torch.float32)
         if residual is not None:
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ class HuggingFaceRMSNorm(nn.Module):
 def rmsnorm_naive(
     x: torch.Tensor,
     weight: torch.Tensor,
-    residual: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+    residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
     eps: float = 1e-6,
 ):
     naive_norm = HuggingFaceRMSNorm(x.shape[-1], eps=eps)
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def rmsnorm_naive(
 def rmsnorm_flashinfer(
     x: torch.Tensor,
     weight: torch.Tensor,
-    residual: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+    residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
     eps: float = 1e-6,
 ):
     orig_shape = x.shape
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ def rmsnorm_flashinfer(
 def rmsnorm_vllm(
     x: torch.Tensor,
     weight: torch.Tensor,
-    residual: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+    residual: torch.Tensor | None = None,
     eps: float = 1e-6,
 ):
     orig_shape = x.shape

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_rope.py

 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
 
-from itertools import accumulate
-from typing import Optional
+import itertools
 
-import nvtx
 import torch
 
-from vllm.model_executor.layers.rotary_embedding import RotaryEmbedding, get_rope
-from vllm.platforms import current_platform
-from vllm.utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
+from vllm.model_executor.layers.rotary_embedding import get_rope
+from vllm.triton_utils import triton
+from vllm.utils.argparse_utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
 
+batch_size_range = [2**i for i in range(0, 8, 2)]
+seq_len_range = [2**i for i in range(6, 10, 1)]
+num_heads_range = [32, 48]
+configs = list(itertools.product(batch_size_range, seq_len_range, num_heads_range))
 
-def benchmark_rope_kernels_multi_lora(
-    is_neox_style: bool,
-    batch_size: int,
-    seq_len: int,
-    num_heads: int,
-    head_size: int,
-    rotary_dim: Optional[int],
-    dtype: torch.dtype,
-    seed: int,
-    device: str,
-    max_position: int = 8192,
-    base: float = 10000,
-) -> None:
-    current_platform.seed_everything(seed)
-    torch.set_default_device(device)
-    if rotary_dim is None:
-        rotary_dim = head_size
-    # silulating serving 4 LoRAs
-    scaling_factors = [1, 2, 4, 8]
-    # batched RoPE can take multiple scaling factors
-    batched_rope = get_rope(
-        head_size,
-        rotary_dim,
-        max_position,
-        base,
-        is_neox_style,
-        {"rope_type": "linear", "factor": tuple(scaling_factors)},
+
+def get_benchmark(head_size, rotary_dim, is_neox_style, device):
+    @triton.testing.perf_report(
+        triton.testing.Benchmark(
+            x_names=["batch_size", "seq_len", "num_heads"],
+            x_vals=[list(_) for _ in configs],
+            line_arg="provider",
+            line_vals=["torch", "flashinfer", "vllm"],
+            line_names=["PyTorch", "FlashInfer", "vLLM"],
+            styles=[("blue", "-"), ("green", "-"), ("red", "-")],
+            ylabel="us",
+            plot_name=f"rope-perf{'-neox-style' if is_neox_style else ''}",
+            args={},
+        )
     )
-    # non-batched RoPE takes only one scaling factor, we create multiple
-    # instances to simulate the same behavior
-    non_batched_ropes: list[RotaryEmbedding] = []
-    for scaling_factor in scaling_factors:
-        non_batched_ropes.append(
-            get_rope(
-                head_size,
-                rotary_dim,
-                max_position,
-                base,
-                is_neox_style,
-                {"rope_type": "linear", "factor": (scaling_factor,)},
-            )
+    def benchmark(batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, provider):
+        dtype = torch.bfloat16
+        max_position = 8192
+        base = 10000
+        rope = get_rope(head_size, rotary_dim, max_position, base, is_neox_style)
+        rope = rope.to(dtype=dtype, device=device)
+        cos_sin_cache = rope.cos_sin_cache.to(dtype=torch.float, device=device)
+
+        positions = torch.randint(0, max_position, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device)
+        query = torch.randn(
+            (batch_size, seq_len, num_heads * head_size), dtype=dtype, device=device
         )
+        key = torch.randn_like(query)
 
-    positions = torch.randint(0, max_position, (batch_size, seq_len))
-    query = torch.randn(batch_size, seq_len, num_heads * head_size, dtype=dtype)
-    key = torch.randn_like(query)
+        quantiles = [0.5, 0.2, 0.8]
 
-    # create query offsets for batched RoPE, we concat multiple kv cache
-    # together and each query needs to find the right kv cache of its type
-    offset_map = torch.tensor(
-        list(
-            accumulate(
-                [0]
-                + [
-                    max_position * scaling_factor * 2
-                    for scaling_factor in scaling_factors[:-1]
-                ]
+        if provider == "torch":
+            ms, min_ms, max_ms = triton.testing.do_bench(
+                lambda: rope.forward_native(positions, query.clone(), key.clone()),
+                quantiles=quantiles,
             )
-        )
-    )
-    query_types = torch.randint(
-        0, len(scaling_factors), (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
-    )
-    # map query types to offsets
-    query_offsets = offset_map[query_types]
-    # the kernel takes flattened offsets
-    flatten_offsets = query_offsets.flatten()
+        elif provider == "flashinfer":
+            ms, min_ms, max_ms = triton.testing.do_bench(
+                lambda: torch.ops.vllm.flashinfer_rotary_embedding(
+                    positions,
+                    query.clone(),
+                    key.clone(),
+                    head_size,
+                    cos_sin_cache,
+                    is_neox_style,
+                ),
+                quantiles=quantiles,
+            )
+        else:
+            ms, min_ms, max_ms = triton.testing.do_bench(
+                lambda: rope.forward_cuda(positions, query.clone(), key.clone()),
+                quantiles=quantiles,
+            )
+
+        return 1000 * ms, 1000 * max_ms, 1000 * min_ms
 
-    # batched queries of the same type together for non-batched RoPE
-    queries = [query[query_types == i] for i in range(len(scaling_factors))]
-    keys = [key[query_types == i] for i in range(len(scaling_factors))]
-    packed_qkr = zip(queries, keys, non_batched_ropes)
-    # synchronize before start timing
-    torch.cuda.synchronize()
-    with nvtx.annotate("non-batched", color="yellow"):
-        for q, k, r in packed_qkr:
-            r.forward(positions, q, k)
-    torch.cuda.synchronize()
-    with nvtx.annotate("batched", color="green"):
-        batched_rope.forward(positions, query, key, flatten_offsets)
-    torch.cuda.synchronize()
+    return benchmark
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
@@ -117,17 +95,12 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     parser.add_argument(
         "--device", type=str, choices=["cuda:0", "cuda:1"], default="cuda:0"
     )
+    parser.add_argument("--save-path", type=str, default="./configs/rope/")
     args = parser.parse_args()
-    print(args)
 
-    benchmark_rope_kernels_multi_lora(
-        is_neox_style=args.is_neox_style,
-        batch_size=args.batch_size,
-        seq_len=args.seq_len,
-        num_heads=args.num_heads,
-        head_size=args.head_size,
-        rotary_dim=args.rotary_dim,
-        dtype=getattr(torch, args.dtype),
-        seed=args.seed,
-        device=args.device,
+    # Get the benchmark function
+    benchmark = get_benchmark(
+        args.head_size, args.rotary_dim, args.is_neox_style, args.device
     )
+    # Run performance benchmark
+    benchmark.run(print_data=True, save_path=args.save_path)

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_shapes.py

@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ WEIGHT_SHAPES = {
 }
 
 WEIGHT_SHAPES_MOE = {
-    "nm-testing/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1": [
+    "mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1": [
         [8, 2, 4096, 28672],
         [8, 2, 14336, 4096],
     ],
-    "nm-testing/deepseekv2-lite": [
+    "deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2-Lite": [
         [64, 6, 2048, 1408],
     ],
     "ibm-granite/granite-3.0-1b-a400m": [

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_silu_mul_fp8_quant.py

 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
+
+"""
+Comprehensive 3-way SiLU Benchmark Suite
+
+This benchmark compares three SiLU implementations:
+1. SiLU V2 (CUDA) - Optimized CUDA kernel implementation
+2. Triton Kernel - Triton-based implementation
+
+The suite generates detailed performance comparisons including:
+- Memory bandwidth utilization
+- Speedup ratios (baseline vs optimized implementations)
+- Performance across different expert configurations and token distributions
+"""
+
 from collections.abc import Callable
 
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
@@ -7,7 +21,7 @@ import numpy as np
 import torch
 
 from vllm.model_executor.layers.fused_moe.batched_deep_gemm_moe import (
-    silu_mul_fp8_quant_deep_gemm_cuda,
+    persistent_masked_m_silu_mul_quant,
 )
 from vllm.platforms import current_platform
 from vllm.triton_utils import tl, triton
@@ -94,6 +108,7 @@ def silu_mul_fp8_quant_deep_gemm_triton(
     num_parallel_tokens,
     group_size: int = 128,
     eps: float = 1e-10,
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor = None,
 ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
     """Quantize silu(y[..., :H]) * y[..., H:] to FP8 with group per-token scales
 
@@ -174,7 +189,7 @@ def silu_mul_fp8_quant_deep_gemm_triton(
 
 
 # Parse generation strategies
-strategies = ["uniform", "max_t", "first_t"]
+strategies = ["random_imbalanced", "uniform", "max_t"]
 
 
 def benchmark(
@@ -195,15 +210,27 @@ def benchmark(
         current_platform.seed_everything(42 + seed_offset)
         y = torch.rand((E, T, 2 * H), dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda").contiguous()
 
-        if gen_strategy == "uniform":
-            r = torch.rand(size=(E,), device="cuda")
+        if gen_strategy == "random_imbalanced":
+
+            def generate_expert_loads(n_e, total_tokens, ratio, device="cuda"):
+                mean = total_tokens // n_e
+                min_max = mean // ratio
+                e = torch.ones(size=(E,), dtype=torch.int64, device=device) * mean
+                e[0] = min_max
+                r = torch.rand(size=(E - 1,))
+                r /= r.sum()
+                r *= total_tokens - min_max
+                r = r.round().long()
+                e[1:] = r.to(device=device)
+                return e
+
+            tokens_per_expert = generate_expert_loads(E, total_tokens, 0.7, "cuda")
+        elif gen_strategy == "uniform":
+            r = torch.rand(size=(E,))
             r /= r.sum()
             r *= total_tokens
-            tokens_per_expert = r.int()
-            tokens_per_expert = torch.minimum(
-                tokens_per_expert,
-                torch.ones((E,), device=r.device, dtype=torch.int) * T,
-            )
+            r = r.round().long()
+            tokens_per_expert = r
         elif gen_strategy == "max_t":
             tokens_per_expert = torch.empty(size=(E,), dtype=torch.int32, device="cuda")
             tokens_per_expert.fill_(total_tokens / E)
@@ -226,8 +253,8 @@ def benchmark(
         )
     torch.cuda.synchronize()
 
-    start_event = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
-    end_event = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+    start_event = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
+    end_event = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
 
     # Benchmark
     latencies: list[float] = []
@@ -281,40 +308,34 @@ def benchmark(
 
 
 def create_comparison_plot(
-    ratio, cuda_times, baseline_times, config_labels, strategy_name, id
+    ratios, silu_v2_times, triton_times, config_labels, strategy_name, id
 ):
-    """Create a comparison plot for a specific generation strategy"""
-    fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(16, 6))
+    fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(18, 6))
 
     # Configure x-axis positions
     x = np.arange(len(config_labels))
-    width = 0.35
+    width = 0.25
 
     # Execution Time plot (lower is better)
+    ax.bar(x, silu_v2_times, width, label="SiLU V2 (CUDA)", alpha=0.8, color="blue")
     ax.bar(
-        x - width / 2, cuda_times, width, label="CUDA Kernel", alpha=0.8, color="blue"
-    )
-    ax.bar(
-        x + width / 2,
-        baseline_times,
-        width,
-        label="Baseline",
-        alpha=0.8,
-        color="orange",
+        x + width, triton_times, width, label="Triton Kernel", alpha=0.8, color="green"
     )
 
-    # Add speedup labels over each bar pair
+    # Add speedup labels over each bar trio
     for i in range(len(x)):
-        speedup = ratio[i]
-        max_height = max(cuda_times[i], baseline_times[i])
+        triton_v2_speedup = ratios[i][1]  # triton/v2
+        max_height = max(silu_v2_times[i], triton_times[i])
+
+        # Triton/V2 speedup
         ax.text(
-            x[i],
+            x[i] + width / 2,
             max_height + max_height * 0.02,
-            f"{speedup:.2f}x",
+            f"{triton_v2_speedup:.2f}x",
             ha="center",
             va="bottom",
             fontweight="bold",
-            fontsize=9,
+            fontsize=8,
         )
 
     ax.set_xlabel("Configuration")
@@ -332,56 +353,75 @@ def create_comparison_plot(
 
 
 def create_combined_plot(all_results):
-    """Create a combined plot with all strategies in one PNG"""
     num_strategies = len(all_results)
-    fig, axes = plt.subplots(num_strategies, 1, figsize=(20, 6 * num_strategies))
+    fig, axes = plt.subplots(num_strategies, 1, figsize=(22, 7 * num_strategies))
 
     if num_strategies == 1:
         axes = [axes]
 
     for idx, (
         strategy_name,
-        ratio,
-        cuda_times,
-        baseline_times,
+        all_ratios,
+        all_silu_v2_results,
+        all_triton_results,
         config_labels,
+        config_x_axis,
     ) in enumerate(all_results):
         ax = axes[idx]
 
+        # Flatten the nested results to get bandwidth percentages for plotting
+        silu_v2_bandwidths = []
+        triton_bandwidths = []
+        flat_ratios = []
+
+        for config_results in all_silu_v2_results:
+            for result in config_results:
+                silu_v2_bandwidths.append(result[3])  # bandwidth percentage
+
+        for config_results in all_triton_results:
+            for result in config_results:
+                triton_bandwidths.append(result[3])  # bandwidth percentage
+
+        for config_ratios in all_ratios:
+            for ratio in config_ratios:
+                flat_ratios.append(ratio)
+
         # Configure x-axis positions
         x = np.arange(len(config_labels))
-        width = 0.35
+        width = 0.25
 
-        # Execution Time plot (lower is better)
+        # Bandwidth utilization plot (higher is better)
         ax.bar(
-            x - width / 2,
-            cuda_times,
+            x,
+            silu_v2_bandwidths,
             width,
-            label="CUDA Kernel",
+            label="SiLU V2 (CUDA)",
             alpha=0.8,
             color="blue",
         )
         ax.bar(
-            x + width / 2,
-            baseline_times,
+            x + width,
+            triton_bandwidths,
             width,
-            label="Baseline",
+            label="Triton Kernel",
             alpha=0.8,
-            color="orange",
+            color="green",
         )
 
-        # Add speedup labels over each bar pair
+        # Add speedup labels over each bar trio
         for i in range(len(x)):
-            speedup = ratio[i]
-            max_height = max(cuda_times[i], baseline_times[i])
+            triton_v2_speedup = flat_ratios[i]  # triton/v2
+            max_height = max(silu_v2_bandwidths[i], triton_bandwidths[i])
+
+            # Triton/V2 speedup
             ax.text(
-                x[i],
+                x[i] + width / 2,
                 max_height + max_height * 0.02,
-                f"{speedup:.2f}x",
+                f"{triton_v2_speedup:.2f}x",
                 ha="center",
                 va="bottom",
                 fontweight="bold",
-                fontsize=9,
+                fontsize=8,
             )
 
         ax.set_xlabel("Configuration")
@@ -395,7 +435,7 @@ def create_combined_plot(all_results):
         ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
 
     plt.tight_layout()
-    filename = "../../silu_bench/silu_benchmark_combined.png"
+    filename = "silu_benchmark_combined_3way.png"
     plt.savefig(filename, dpi=300, bbox_inches="tight")
     plt.show()
 
@@ -405,7 +445,9 @@ def create_combined_plot(all_results):
 outer_dim = 7168
 configs = [
     # DeepSeekV3 Configs
+    # (1, 56, 7168),
     (8, 1024, 7168),
+    # (32, 56, 7168),
     # DeepSeekV3 Configs
     (32, 1024, 7168),
     # DeepSeekV3 Configs
@@ -417,6 +459,7 @@ num_warmups = 20
 
 strategy_descriptions = {
     "uniform": "Uniform Random",
+    "random_imbalanced": "Imbalanced Random",
     "max_t": "Even Assignment",
     "first_t": "experts[0] = T, experts[1:] = 0",
 }
@@ -433,28 +476,31 @@ for id, strategy in enumerate(strategies):
     print(f"Testing strategy: {strategy_descriptions[strategy]}")
     print(f"{'=' * 60}")
 
-    # Collect benchmark data for both algorithms
+    # Collect benchmark data for all three algorithms
     config_labels = []
     config_x_axis = []
-    all_cuda_results = []
-    all_baseline_results = []
+    all_silu_v2_results = []
+    all_triton_results = []
     all_ratios = []
 
     for E, T, H in configs:
-        total_tokens_config = [8 * E, 16 * E, 32 * E, 64 * E, 128 * E, 256 * E]
+        total_tokens_config = []
+        for i in [8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512]:
+            if i <= T:
+                total_tokens_config.append(i * E)
         config_x_axis.append(total_tokens_config)
 
-        cuda_results = []
-        baseline_results = []
+        silu_v2_results = []
+        triton_results = []
         ratios = []
 
         for total_tokens in total_tokens_config:
             config_label = f"E={E},T={T},H={H},TT={total_tokens}"
             config_labels.append(config_label)
 
-            # CUDA kernel results
-            time_ms_cuda, gflops, gbps, perc = benchmark(
-                silu_mul_fp8_quant_deep_gemm_cuda,
+            # SiLU V2 (CUDA kernel) results
+            time_ms_silu_v2, gflops, gbps, perc = benchmark(
+                persistent_masked_m_silu_mul_quant,
                 E,
                 T,
                 H,
@@ -463,9 +509,9 @@ for id, strategy in enumerate(strategies):
                 num_warmups=num_warmups,
                 gen_strategy=strategy,
             )
-            cuda_results.append((time_ms_cuda, gflops, gbps, perc))
+            silu_v2_results.append((time_ms_silu_v2, gflops, gbps, perc))
 
-            # Baseline results
+            # Triton kernel results
             time_ms_triton, gflops, gbps, perc = benchmark(
                 silu_mul_fp8_quant_deep_gemm_triton,
                 E,
@@ -476,12 +522,20 @@ for id, strategy in enumerate(strategies):
                 num_warmups=num_warmups,
                 gen_strategy=strategy,
             )
-            baseline_results.append((time_ms_triton, gflops, gbps, perc))
-            ratios.append(time_ms_triton / time_ms_cuda)
+            triton_results.append((time_ms_triton, gflops, gbps, perc))
 
-            print(f"Completed: {config_label}")
-        all_cuda_results.append(cuda_results)
-        all_baseline_results.append(baseline_results)
+            # Calculate speedup ratios (triton baseline / implementation)
+            triton_v2_ratio = time_ms_triton / time_ms_silu_v2
+            ratios.append(triton_v2_ratio)
+
+            print(
+                f"Completed: {config_label}:"
+                f" V2: {time_ms_silu_v2:.3f}ms,"
+                f" Triton: {time_ms_triton:.3f}ms"
+            )
+
+        all_silu_v2_results.append(silu_v2_results)
+        all_triton_results.append(triton_results)
         all_ratios.append(ratios)
 
     # Store results for combined plotting
@@ -489,8 +543,8 @@ for id, strategy in enumerate(strategies):
         (
             strategy_descriptions[strategy],
             all_ratios,
-            all_cuda_results,
-            all_baseline_results,
+            all_silu_v2_results,
+            all_triton_results,
             config_labels,
             config_x_axis,
         )
@@ -498,15 +552,18 @@ for id, strategy in enumerate(strategies):
 
     # Print summary table for this strategy
     print(f"\nSummary Table - {strategy_descriptions[strategy]}:")
-    print(f"{'Config':<20} {'CUDA Time(ms)':<12} {'Base Time(ms)':<12} {'Speedup':<8}")
-    print("-" * 60)
+    print(f" {'V2 Time(ms)':<12} {'Triton Time(ms)':<14} {'Triton/V2':<10}")
+    print("-" * 90)
 
     for i, (E, T, H) in enumerate(configs):
-        speedup = baseline_results[i][0] / cuda_results[i][0]
+        # Get the first result for each config (simplifying for summary)
+        v2_time = silu_v2_results[i][0]
+        triton_time = triton_results[i][0]
+        triton_v2_speedup = triton_time / v2_time
         config_label = f"E={E:3d},T={T:4d},H={H:4d}"
         print(
-            f"{config_label:<20} {cuda_results[i][0]:8.5f} "
-            f"{baseline_results[i][0]:8.5f} {speedup:6.2f}x"
+            f"{config_label:<20} {v2_time:8.5f} {triton_time:10.5f} "
+            f"{triton_v2_speedup:8.2f}x"
         )
 
 
@@ -514,15 +571,14 @@ def create_total_tokens_plot(all_results):
     num_strategies = len(all_results)
     num_configs = len(configs)
 
-    # Create side-by-side subplots: 2 columns for speedup and bandwidth percentage
     fig, axs = plt.subplots(
-        num_strategies, num_configs * 2, figsize=(28, 6 * num_strategies)
+        num_strategies, num_configs * 2, figsize=(32, 8 * num_strategies)
     )
 
     # Add main title to the entire figure
     fig.suptitle(
-        "Performance Analysis: Speedup vs Bandwidth Utilization (Triton & CUDA)",
-        fontsize=16,
+        "Performance Analysis: Speedup vs Bandwidth Utilization (SiLU V2, and Triton)",
+        fontsize=18,
         fontweight="bold",
         y=0.98,
     )
@@ -539,8 +595,8 @@ def create_total_tokens_plot(all_results):
         (
             strategy_name,
             all_ratios,
-            all_cuda_results,
-            all_baseline_results,
+            all_silu_v2_results,
+            all_triton_results,
             config_labels,
             config_x_axis,
         ) = result
@@ -555,42 +611,54 @@ def create_total_tokens_plot(all_results):
             ratios = all_ratios[config_idx]
             total_tokens_values = config_x_axis[config_idx]
 
-            # Extract CUDA and Triton bandwidth percentages
-            cuda_bandwidth_percentages = [
-                result[3] for result in all_cuda_results[config_idx]
+            # Extract speedup ratios
+            triton_v2_ratios = [ratio for ratio in ratios]
+
+            # Extract bandwidth percentages for all implementations
+            v2_bandwidth_percentages = [
+                result[3] for result in all_silu_v2_results[config_idx]
             ]
             triton_bandwidth_percentages = [
-                result[3] for result in all_baseline_results[config_idx]
+                result[3] for result in all_triton_results[config_idx]
             ]
 
             # Plot speedup ratios vs total tokens (left plot)
             ax_speedup.plot(
-                total_tokens_values, ratios, "bo-", linewidth=3, markersize=8
+                total_tokens_values,
+                triton_v2_ratios,
+                "go-",
+                linewidth=3,
+                markersize=8,
+                label="Triton/V2 Speedup",
             )
             ax_speedup.set_title(
-                f"{strategy_name}\nSpeedup (CUDA/Triton)\nE={E}, T={T}, H={H}",
+                f"{strategy_name}\nSpeedup vs Baseline (Triton)\nE={E}, T={T}, H={H}",
                 fontsize=12,
                 fontweight="bold",
             )
             ax_speedup.set_xlabel("Total Tokens", fontweight="bold", fontsize=11)
             ax_speedup.set_ylabel("Speedup Ratio", fontweight="bold", fontsize=11)
+            ax_speedup.legend(prop={"weight": "bold"})
             ax_speedup.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
 
+            # Plot bandwidth utilization (right plot)
             ax_bandwidth.plot(
                 total_tokens_values,
-                cuda_bandwidth_percentages,
-                "ro-",
+                v2_bandwidth_percentages,
+                "o-",
                 linewidth=3,
                 markersize=8,
-                label="CUDA",
+                label="SiLU V2",
+                color="blue",
             )
             ax_bandwidth.plot(
                 total_tokens_values,
                 triton_bandwidth_percentages,
-                "go-",
+                "o-",
                 linewidth=3,
                 markersize=8,
                 label="Triton",
+                color="green",
             )
             ax_bandwidth.set_title(
                 f"{strategy_name}\nBandwidth Utilization (Hopper)\nE={E}, T={T}, H={H}",
@@ -618,38 +686,12 @@ def create_total_tokens_plot(all_results):
                 for label in ax.get_xticklabels() + ax.get_yticklabels():
                     label.set_fontweight("bold")
 
-            # Add value labels on speedup points
-            for x, y in zip(total_tokens_values, ratios):
+            # Add value labels on Triton/V2 speedup points
+            for x, y in zip(total_tokens_values, triton_v2_ratios):
                 ax_speedup.annotate(
                     f"{y:.2f}x",
                     (x, y),
                     textcoords="offset points",
-                    xytext=(0, 12),
-                    ha="center",
-                    fontsize=10,
-                    fontweight="bold",
-                    bbox=dict(boxstyle="round,pad=0.3", facecolor="white", alpha=0.7),
-                )
-
-            # Add value labels on CUDA bandwidth points
-            for x, y in zip(total_tokens_values, cuda_bandwidth_percentages):
-                ax_bandwidth.annotate(
-                    f"{y:.1f}%",
-                    (x, y),
-                    textcoords="offset points",
-                    xytext=(0, 12),
-                    ha="center",
-                    fontsize=9,
-                    fontweight="bold",
-                    bbox=dict(boxstyle="round,pad=0.2", facecolor="red", alpha=0.3),
-                )
-
-            # Add value labels on Triton bandwidth points
-            for x, y in zip(total_tokens_values, triton_bandwidth_percentages):
-                ax_bandwidth.annotate(
-                    f"{y:.1f}%",
-                    (x, y),
-                    textcoords="offset points",
                     xytext=(0, -15),
                     ha="center",
                     fontsize=9,
@@ -659,17 +701,20 @@ def create_total_tokens_plot(all_results):
 
     plt.tight_layout()
     plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.93)  # Make room for main title
-    filename = "silu_benchmark_total_tokens.png"
+    filename = "silu_benchmark_total_tokens_3way.png"
     plt.savefig(filename, dpi=300, bbox_inches="tight")
     plt.show()
 
     return filename
 
 
-# Create combined plot with all strategies
-combined_plot_filename = create_total_tokens_plot(all_results)
+# Create comprehensive 3-way comparison plots
+combined_plot_filename = create_combined_plot(all_results)
+total_tokens_plot_filename = create_total_tokens_plot(all_results)
 
-print(f"\n{'=' * 60}")
-print("Benchmark Complete!")
-print(f"Generated combined plot: {combined_plot_filename}")
-print(f"{'=' * 60}")
+print(f"\n{'=' * 80}")
+print("3-Way Benchmark Suite Complete!")
+print(f"Generated combined comparison plot: {combined_plot_filename}")
+print(f"Generated total tokens analysis plot: {total_tokens_plot_filename}")
+print("Compared: SiLU V2 (CUDA), and Triton implementations")
+print(f"{'=' * 80}")

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_trtllm_decode_attention.py

@@ -4,12 +4,11 @@
 import csv
 import os
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 import flashinfer
 import torch
 
-from vllm.utils import round_up
+from vllm.utils.math_utils import round_up
 
 FLOAT32_BYTES = torch.finfo(torch.float).bits // 8
 FP8_DTYPE = torch.float8_e4m3fn
@@ -28,9 +27,7 @@ def to_float8(x, dtype=torch.float8_e4m3fn):
 @torch.no_grad()
 def benchmark_decode(
     dtype: torch.dtype,
-    quant_dtypes: tuple[
-        Optional[torch.dtype], Optional[torch.dtype], Optional[torch.dtype]
-    ],
+    quant_dtypes: tuple[torch.dtype | None, torch.dtype | None, torch.dtype | None],
     batch_size: int,
     max_seq_len: int,
     num_heads: tuple[int, int] = (64, 8),
@@ -130,8 +127,8 @@ def benchmark_decode(
 
     def time_fn(fn, warmup=10, trials=20):
         torch.cuda.synchronize()
-        start = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
-        end = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+        start = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
+        end = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
         times = []
         for i in range(warmup):
             fn()

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_trtllm_prefill_attention.py

@@ -4,12 +4,11 @@
 import csv
 import os
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 import flashinfer
 import torch
 
-from vllm.utils import round_up
+from vllm.utils.math_utils import round_up
 
 FLOAT32_BYTES = torch.finfo(torch.float).bits // 8
 FP8_DTYPE = torch.float8_e4m3fn
@@ -28,9 +27,7 @@ def to_float8(x, dtype=torch.float8_e4m3fn):
 @torch.no_grad()
 def benchmark_prefill(
     dtype: torch.dtype,
-    quant_dtypes: tuple[
-        Optional[torch.dtype], Optional[torch.dtype], Optional[torch.dtype]
-    ],
+    quant_dtypes: tuple[torch.dtype | None, torch.dtype | None, torch.dtype | None],
     batch_size: int,
     max_seq_len: int,
     num_heads: tuple[int, int] = (64, 8),
@@ -142,8 +139,8 @@ def benchmark_prefill(
 
     def time_fn(fn, warmup=10, trials=20):
         torch.cuda.synchronize()
-        start = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
-        end = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+        start = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
+        end = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
         times = []
         for i in range(warmup):
             fn()

benchmarks/kernels/benchmark_w8a8_block_fp8.py

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ import torch
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
 from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization.utils.fp8_utils import (
-    _w8a8_block_fp8_matmul,
+    _w8a8_triton_block_scaled_mm,
 )
 from vllm.platforms import current_platform
 from vllm.triton_utils import triton
-from vllm.utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
+from vllm.utils.argparse_utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
 
 mp.set_start_method("spawn", force=True)
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def w8a8_block_matmul(
         )
 
     if A.dtype == torch.float8_e4m3fn:
-        kernel = _w8a8_block_fp8_matmul
+        kernel = _w8a8_triton_block_scaled_mm
     else:
         raise RuntimeError("Currently, only support tune w8a8 block fp8 kernel.")
 
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ def benchmark_config(
         run()
     torch.cuda.synchronize()
 
-    start_event = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
-    end_event = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+    start_event = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
+    end_event = torch.Event(enable_timing=True)
 
     latencies: list[float] = []
     for i in range(num_iters):

benchmarks/kernels/deepgemm/README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 This directory includes benchmarks between DeepSeek's DeepGEMM block fp8 kernels against vLLM's existing triton and CUTLASS-based kernels.
 
-Currently this just includes dense GEMMs and only works on Hopper GPUs.
+Currently, this just includes dense GEMMs and only works on Hopper GPUs.
 
 ## Setup
 

benchmarks/kernels/deepgemm/benchmark_fp8_block_dense_gemm.py

 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
-# fmt: off
 # ruff: noqa: E501
 import time
 
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@ import torch
 from vllm import _custom_ops as ops
 from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization.utils.fp8_utils import (
     per_token_group_quant_fp8,
-    w8a8_block_fp8_matmul,
+    w8a8_triton_block_scaled_mm,
 )
 from vllm.triton_utils import triton
 from vllm.utils.deep_gemm import (
@@ -20,19 +19,21 @@ from vllm.utils.deep_gemm import (
 )
 
 
-def benchmark_shape(m: int,
-                    n: int,
-                    k: int,
-                    warmup: int = 100,
-                    repeat: int = 10000,
-                    verbose: bool = False) -> dict:
+def benchmark_shape(
+    m: int,
+    n: int,
+    k: int,
+    warmup: int = 100,
+    repeat: int = 10000,
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> dict:
     """Benchmark all implementations for a specific (m, n, k) shape."""
     if verbose:
         print(f"\n=== Benchmarking shape: m={m}, n={n}, k={k} ===")
 
     # Create test tensors
-    A = torch.randn((m, k), device='cuda', dtype=torch.bfloat16)
-    B = torch.randn((n, k), device='cuda', dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+    A = torch.randn((m, k), device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+    B = torch.randn((n, k), device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
 
     # Reference result in BF16
     torch.cuda.synchronize()
@@ -49,34 +50,39 @@ def benchmark_shape(m: int,
     # Pre-quantize A for all implementations
     A_deepgemm, A_scale_deepgemm = per_token_group_quant_fp8(A, block_size[1])
     A_scale_deepgemm = get_col_major_tma_aligned_tensor(A_scale_deepgemm)
-    C_deepgemm = torch.empty((m, n), device='cuda', dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+    C_deepgemm = torch.empty((m, n), device="cuda", dtype=torch.bfloat16)
     A_vllm, A_scale_vllm = per_token_group_quant_fp8(A, block_size[1])
     A_vllm_cutlass, A_scale_vllm_cutlass = per_token_group_quant_fp8(
-        A, block_size[1], column_major_scales=True)
+        A, block_size[1], column_major_scales=True
+    )
 
     # === DeepGEMM Implementation ===
     def deepgemm_gemm():
-        fp8_gemm_nt((A_deepgemm, A_scale_deepgemm),
-                                       (B_deepgemm, B_scale_deepgemm),
-                                       C_deepgemm)
+        fp8_gemm_nt(
+            (A_deepgemm, A_scale_deepgemm), (B_deepgemm, B_scale_deepgemm), C_deepgemm
+        )
         return C_deepgemm
 
     # === vLLM Triton Implementation ===
     def vllm_triton_gemm():
-        return w8a8_block_fp8_matmul(A_vllm,
-                                     B_vllm,
-                                     A_scale_vllm,
-                                     B_scale_vllm,
-                                     block_size,
-                                     output_dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+        return w8a8_triton_block_scaled_mm(
+            A_vllm,
+            B_vllm,
+            A_scale_vllm,
+            B_scale_vllm,
+            block_size,
+            output_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
+        )
 
     # === vLLM CUTLASS Implementation ===
     def vllm_cutlass_gemm():
-        return ops.cutlass_scaled_mm(A_vllm_cutlass,
-                                     B_vllm.T,
-                                     scale_a=A_scale_vllm_cutlass,
-                                     scale_b=B_scale_vllm.T,
-                                     out_dtype=torch.bfloat16)
+        return ops.cutlass_scaled_mm(
+            A_vllm_cutlass,
+            B_vllm.T,
+            scale_a=A_scale_vllm_cutlass,
+            scale_b=B_scale_vllm.T,
+            out_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
+        )
 
     # Run correctness check first
     if verbose:
@@ -93,26 +99,23 @@ def benchmark_shape(m: int,
         print(f"DeepGEMM vs Reference difference: {deepgemm_diff:.6f}")
         print(f"vLLM Triton vs Reference difference: {vllm_triton_diff:.6f}")
         print(f"vLLM CUTLASS vs Reference difference: {vllm_cutlass_diff:.6f}")
-        print("vLLM Triton vs DeepGEMM difference: "
-              f"{calc_diff(C_vllm_triton, C_deepgemm):.6f}")
-        print("vLLM CUTLASS vs DeepGEMM difference: "
-              f"{calc_diff(C_vllm_cutlass, C_deepgemm):.6f}")
+        print(
+            "vLLM Triton vs DeepGEMM difference: "
+            f"{calc_diff(C_vllm_triton, C_deepgemm):.6f}"
+        )
+        print(
+            "vLLM CUTLASS vs DeepGEMM difference: "
+            f"{calc_diff(C_vllm_cutlass, C_deepgemm):.6f}"
+        )
 
     # Benchmark implementations
     implementations = {
         "DeepGEMM": deepgemm_gemm,
         "vLLM Triton": vllm_triton_gemm,
-        "vLLM CUTLASS": vllm_cutlass_gemm
+        "vLLM CUTLASS": vllm_cutlass_gemm,
     }
 
-    benchmark_results = {
-        "shape": {
-            "m": m,
-            "n": n,
-            "k": k
-        },
-        "implementations": {}
-    }
+    benchmark_results = {"shape": {"m": m, "n": n, "k": k}, "implementations": {}}
 
     for name, func in implementations.items():
         # Warmup
@@ -140,38 +143,36 @@ def benchmark_shape(m: int,
             "tflops": tflops,
             "gb_s": gb_s,
             "diff": {
-                "DeepGEMM":
-                0.0 if name == "DeepGEMM" else calc_diff(func(), C_deepgemm),
-                "Reference":
-                deepgemm_diff if name == "DeepGEMM" else
-                (vllm_triton_diff
-                 if name == "vLLM Triton" else vllm_cutlass_diff)
-            }
+                "DeepGEMM": 0.0
+                if name == "DeepGEMM"
+                else calc_diff(func(), C_deepgemm),
+                "Reference": deepgemm_diff
+                if name == "DeepGEMM"
+                else (vllm_triton_diff if name == "vLLM Triton" else vllm_cutlass_diff),
+            },
         }
 
         if verbose:
-            print(
-                f"{name}: {avg_time_ms:.3f} ms, {tflops:.2f} TFLOPS, {gb_s:.2f} GB/s"
-            )
+            print(f"{name}: {avg_time_ms:.3f} ms, {tflops:.2f} TFLOPS, {gb_s:.2f} GB/s")
 
     # Calculate speedups
     baseline = benchmark_results["implementations"]["DeepGEMM"]["time_ms"]
     for name, data in benchmark_results["implementations"].items():
         if name != "DeepGEMM":
             speedup = baseline / data["time_ms"]
-            benchmark_results["implementations"][name][
-                "speedup_vs_deepgemm"] = speedup
+            benchmark_results["implementations"][name]["speedup_vs_deepgemm"] = speedup
             if verbose:
-                print(f"DeepGEMM is {1/speedup:.2f}x "
-                      f"{'faster' if 1/speedup > 1 else 'slower'} than {name}")
+                print(
+                    f"DeepGEMM is {1 / speedup:.2f}x "
+                    f"{'faster' if 1 / speedup > 1 else 'slower'} than {name}"
+                )
 
-    vllm_triton_time = benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM Triton"][
-        "time_ms"]
-    vllm_cutlass_time = benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"][
-        "time_ms"]
+    vllm_triton_time = benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM Triton"]["time_ms"]
+    vllm_cutlass_time = benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"]["time_ms"]
     cutlass_vs_triton = vllm_triton_time / vllm_cutlass_time
-    benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"][
-        "speedup_vs_triton"] = cutlass_vs_triton
+    benchmark_results["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"]["speedup_vs_triton"] = (
+        cutlass_vs_triton
+    )
     if verbose:
         print(
             f"vLLM CUTLASS is {cutlass_vs_triton:.2f}x "
@@ -183,8 +184,7 @@ def benchmark_shape(m: int,
 
 def format_table_row(values, widths):
     """Format a row with specified column widths."""
-    return "| " + " | ".join(f"{val:{w}}"
-                             for val, w in zip(values, widths)) + " |"
+    return "| " + " | ".join(f"{val:{w}}" for val, w in zip(values, widths)) + " |"
 
 
 def print_table(headers, rows, title=None):
@@ -292,38 +292,50 @@ def run_benchmarks(verbose: bool = False):
     for result in all_results:
         shape = result["shape"]
         impl_data = result["implementations"]["DeepGEMM"]
-        deepgemm_rows.append([
-            shape["m"], shape["n"], shape["k"], f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
-            f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}", f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}"
-        ])
+        deepgemm_rows.append(
+            [
+                shape["m"],
+                shape["n"],
+                shape["k"],
+                f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}",
+            ]
+        )
 
-    print_table(deepgemm_headers,
-                deepgemm_rows,
-                title="DeepGEMM Implementation:")
+    print_table(deepgemm_headers, deepgemm_rows, title="DeepGEMM Implementation:")
 
     # Print vLLM Triton table
-    triton_headers = [
-        "m", "n", "k", "Time (μs)", "TFLOPS", "GB/s", "vs DeepGEMM"
-    ]
+    triton_headers = ["m", "n", "k", "Time (μs)", "TFLOPS", "GB/s", "vs DeepGEMM"]
     triton_rows = []
     for result in all_results:
         shape = result["shape"]
         impl_data = result["implementations"]["vLLM Triton"]
         speedup = impl_data.get("speedup_vs_deepgemm", 1.0)
-        triton_rows.append([
-            shape["m"], shape["n"], shape["k"], f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
-            f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}", f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}",
-            format_speedup(speedup)
-        ])
+        triton_rows.append(
+            [
+                shape["m"],
+                shape["n"],
+                shape["k"],
+                f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}",
+                format_speedup(speedup),
+            ]
+        )
 
-    print_table(triton_headers,
-                triton_rows,
-                title="vLLM Triton Implementation:")
+    print_table(triton_headers, triton_rows, title="vLLM Triton Implementation:")
 
     # Print vLLM CUTLASS table
     cutlass_headers = [
-        "m", "n", "k", "Time (μs)", "TFLOPS", "GB/s", "vs DeepGEMM",
-        "vs Triton"
+        "m",
+        "n",
+        "k",
+        "Time (μs)",
+        "TFLOPS",
+        "GB/s",
+        "vs DeepGEMM",
+        "vs Triton",
     ]
     cutlass_rows = []
     for result in all_results:
@@ -331,28 +343,27 @@ def run_benchmarks(verbose: bool = False):
         impl_data = result["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"]
         vs_deepgemm = impl_data.get("speedup_vs_deepgemm", 1.0)
         vs_triton = impl_data.get("speedup_vs_triton", 1.0)
-        cutlass_rows.append([
-            shape["m"], shape["n"], shape["k"], f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
-            f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}", f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}",
-            format_speedup(vs_deepgemm),
-            format_speedup(vs_triton)
-        ])
+        cutlass_rows.append(
+            [
+                shape["m"],
+                shape["n"],
+                shape["k"],
+                f"{impl_data['time_us']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['tflops']:.1f}",
+                f"{impl_data['gb_s']:.1f}",
+                format_speedup(vs_deepgemm),
+                format_speedup(vs_triton),
+            ]
+        )
 
-    print_table(cutlass_headers,
-                cutlass_rows,
-                title="vLLM CUTLASS Implementation:")
+    print_table(cutlass_headers, cutlass_rows, title="vLLM CUTLASS Implementation:")
 
     # Calculate and print averages
     print("\n===== AVERAGE PERFORMANCE =====")
 
     implementations = ["DeepGEMM", "vLLM Triton", "vLLM CUTLASS"]
     avg_metrics = {
-        impl: {
-            "tflops": 0,
-            "gb_s": 0,
-            "time_ms": 0
-        }
-        for impl in implementations
+        impl: {"tflops": 0, "gb_s": 0, "time_ms": 0} for impl in implementations
     }
 
     for result in all_results:
@@ -370,9 +381,9 @@ def run_benchmarks(verbose: bool = False):
         avg_tflops = avg_metrics[impl]["tflops"] / num_shapes
         avg_mem_bw = avg_metrics[impl]["gb_s"] / num_shapes
         avg_time = avg_metrics[impl]["time_ms"] / num_shapes
-        avg_rows.append([
-            impl, f"{avg_tflops:.2f}", f"{avg_mem_bw:.2f}", f"{avg_time:.2f}"
-        ])
+        avg_rows.append(
+            [impl, f"{avg_tflops:.2f}", f"{avg_mem_bw:.2f}", f"{avg_time:.2f}"]
+        )
 
     print_table(avg_headers, avg_rows)
 
@@ -380,21 +391,19 @@ def run_benchmarks(verbose: bool = False):
     avg_speedups = {
         "DeepGEMM vs vLLM Triton": 0,
         "DeepGEMM vs vLLM CUTLASS": 0,
-        "vLLM CUTLASS vs vLLM Triton": 0
+        "vLLM CUTLASS vs vLLM Triton": 0,
     }
 
     for result in all_results:
         deepgemm_time = result["implementations"]["DeepGEMM"]["time_ms"]
         vllm_triton_time = result["implementations"]["vLLM Triton"]["time_ms"]
-        vllm_cutlass_time = result["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"][
-            "time_ms"]
+        vllm_cutlass_time = result["implementations"]["vLLM CUTLASS"]["time_ms"]
 
-        avg_speedups[
-            "DeepGEMM vs vLLM Triton"] += vllm_triton_time / deepgemm_time
-        avg_speedups[
-            "DeepGEMM vs vLLM CUTLASS"] += vllm_cutlass_time / deepgemm_time
-        avg_speedups[
-            "vLLM CUTLASS vs vLLM Triton"] += vllm_triton_time / vllm_cutlass_time
+        avg_speedups["DeepGEMM vs vLLM Triton"] += vllm_triton_time / deepgemm_time
+        avg_speedups["DeepGEMM vs vLLM CUTLASS"] += vllm_cutlass_time / deepgemm_time
+        avg_speedups["vLLM CUTLASS vs vLLM Triton"] += (
+            vllm_triton_time / vllm_cutlass_time
+        )
 
     print("\n===== AVERAGE SPEEDUPS =====")
     speedup_headers = ["Comparison", "Speedup"]
@@ -412,8 +421,7 @@ def run_benchmarks(verbose: bool = False):
 
     for result in all_results:
         for impl in implementations:
-            avg_diff[impl] += result["implementations"][impl]["diff"][
-                "Reference"]
+            avg_diff[impl] += result["implementations"][impl]["diff"]["Reference"]
 
     diff_headers = ["Implementation", "Avg Diff vs Reference"]
     diff_rows = []

benchmarks/kernels/graph_machete_bench.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import regex as re
 import seaborn as sns
 from torch.utils.benchmark import Measurement as TMeasurement
 
-from vllm.utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
+from vllm.utils.argparse_utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     parser = FlexibleArgumentParser(

benchmarks/kernels/utils.py

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
 
 import dataclasses
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any
 
 import torch
 import torch.utils.benchmark as TBenchmark
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class Bench:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        cuda_graph_params: Optional[CudaGraphBenchParams],
+        cuda_graph_params: CudaGraphBenchParams | None,
         label: str,
         sub_label: str,
         description: str,

benchmarks/multi_turn/README.md

@@ -55,6 +55,10 @@ output_num_chunks  166.0    99.01   11.80    79.00    90.00    98.00   108.75
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ```
 
+If you run with `--warmup-step`, the summary will also include `warmup_runtime_sec`
+and `total_runtime_incl_warmup_sec` (while `runtime_sec` continues to reflect the
+benchmark-only runtime so the reported throughput stays comparable).
+
 ### JSON configuration file for synthetic conversations generation
 
 The input flag `--input-file` is used to determine the input conversations for the benchmark.<br/>

benchmarks/multi_turn/bench_dataset.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from statistics import mean
-from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Optional, Union
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple
 
 import numpy as np  # type: ignore
 import pandas as pd  # type: ignore
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from bench_utils import (
     Color,
     logger,
 )
+from tqdm import tqdm
 from transformers import AutoTokenizer  # type: ignore
 
 # Conversation ID is a string (e.g: "UzTK34D")
@@ -35,8 +36,8 @@ class Distribution(ABC):
 class UniformDistribution(Distribution):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        min_val: Union[int, float],
-        max_val: Union[int, float],
+        min_val: int | float,
+        max_val: int | float,
         is_integer: bool = True,
     ) -> None:
         self.min_val = min_val
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ class UniformDistribution(Distribution):
 
 
 class ConstantDistribution(Distribution):
-    def __init__(self, value: Union[int, float]) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, value: int | float) -> None:
         self.value = value
         self.max_val = value
 
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ class ConstantDistribution(Distribution):
 
 
 class ZipfDistribution(Distribution):
-    def __init__(self, alpha: float, max_val: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, alpha: float, max_val: int | None = None) -> None:
         self.alpha = alpha
         self.max_val = max_val
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ class ZipfDistribution(Distribution):
 
 
 class PoissonDistribution(Distribution):
-    def __init__(self, alpha: float, max_val: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, alpha: float, max_val: int | None = None) -> None:
         self.alpha = alpha
         self.max_val = max_val
 
@@ -100,11 +101,11 @@ class PoissonDistribution(Distribution):
 class LognormalDistribution(Distribution):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        mean: Optional[float] = None,
-        sigma: Optional[float] = None,
-        average: Optional[int] = None,
-        median_ratio: Optional[float] = None,
-        max_val: Optional[int] = None,
+        mean: float | None = None,
+        sigma: float | None = None,
+        average: int | None = None,
+        median_ratio: float | None = None,
+        max_val: int | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.average = average
         self.median_ratio = median_ratio
@@ -417,6 +418,10 @@ def generate_conversations(
             data = file.read()
             tokens_in_file = tokenizer.encode(data, add_special_tokens=False)
             list_of_tokens.extend(tokens_in_file)
+        logger.info(
+            f"Loaded {len(tokens_in_file)} tokens from file {filename}, "
+            f"total tokens so far: {len(list_of_tokens)}"
+        )
 
     conversations: ConversationsMap = {}
     conv_id = 0
@@ -449,18 +454,25 @@ def generate_conversations(
         )
         base_offset += common_prefix_tokens
 
-    for conv_id in range(args.num_conversations):
+    for conv_id in tqdm(
+        range(args.num_conversations),
+        total=args.num_conversations,
+        desc="Generating conversations",
+        unit="conv",
+    ):
         # Generate a single conversation
         messages: MessagesList = []
 
         nturns = turn_count[conv_id]
 
         # User prompt token count per turn (with lower limit)
-        input_token_count: np.ndarray = args.input_num_tokens.sample(nturns)
+        input_token_count: np.ndarray = args.input_num_tokens.sample(nturns).astype(int)
         input_token_count = np.maximum(input_token_count, base_prompt_token_count)
 
         # Assistant answer token count per turn (with lower limit)
-        output_token_count: np.ndarray = args.output_num_tokens.sample(nturns)
+        output_token_count: np.ndarray = args.output_num_tokens.sample(nturns).astype(
+            int
+        )
         output_token_count = np.maximum(output_token_count, 1)
 
         user_turn = True

benchmarks/multi_turn/benchmark_serving_multi_turn.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
 from http import HTTPStatus
 from statistics import mean
-from typing import NamedTuple, Optional, Union
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
 import aiohttp  # type: ignore
 import numpy as np  # type: ignore
@@ -46,15 +46,16 @@ class ConversationSampling(str, Enum):
 
 class ClientArgs(NamedTuple):
     seed: int
-    max_num_requests: Optional[int]
+    max_num_requests: int | None
     skip_first_turn: bool
-    max_turns: Optional[int]
+    max_turns: int | None
     max_active_conversations: int
     verbose: bool
     print_content: bool
     verify_output: bool
     conversation_sampling: ConversationSampling
     request_rate: float
+    max_retries: int
 
 
 class RequestArgs(NamedTuple):
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ class RequestArgs(NamedTuple):
     stream: bool
     limit_min_tokens: int  # Use negative value for no limit
     limit_max_tokens: int  # Use negative value for no limit
+    timeout_sec: int
 
 
 class BenchmarkArgs(NamedTuple):
@@ -109,9 +111,9 @@ class RequestStats(NamedTuple):
 
 class MetricStats:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self.min: Optional[float] = None
-        self.max: Optional[float] = None
-        self.avg: Optional[float] = None
+        self.min: float | None = None
+        self.max: float | None = None
+        self.avg: float | None = None
         self.sum = 0.0
         self.count = 0
 
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ class MovingAverage:
         self.index = 0
         self.sum = 0.0
         self.count = 0
-        self.avg: Optional[float] = None
+        self.avg: float | None = None
 
     def update(self, new_value: float) -> None:
         if self.count < self.window_size:
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ class MovingAverage:
 class DebugStats:
     def __init__(self, logger: logging.Logger, window_size: int) -> None:
         self.logger = logger
-        self.metrics: dict[str, Union[MovingAverage, MetricStats]] = {
+        self.metrics: dict[str, MovingAverage | MetricStats] = {
             "moving_avg_ttft_ms": MovingAverage(window_size),
             "moving_avg_tpot_ms": MovingAverage(window_size),
             "ttft_ms": MetricStats(),
@@ -198,14 +200,6 @@ class DebugStats:
         self.logger.info("-" * 50)
 
 
-# Must support Python 3.8, we can't use str.removeprefix(prefix)
-# introduced in Python 3.9
-def remove_prefix(text: str, prefix: str) -> str:
-    if text.startswith(prefix):
-        return text[len(prefix) :]
-    return text
-
-
 def nanosec_to_millisec(value: float) -> float:
     return value / 1000000.0
 
@@ -220,8 +214,9 @@ async def send_request(
     chat_url: str,
     model: str,
     stream: bool = True,
-    min_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
-    max_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
+    min_tokens: int | None = None,
+    max_tokens: int | None = None,
+    timeout_sec: int = 120,
 ) -> ServerResponse:
     payload = {
         "model": model,
@@ -243,16 +238,22 @@ async def send_request(
     headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
 
     # Calculate the timeout for the request
-    timeout_sec = 120
     if max_tokens is not None:
         # Assume TPOT of 200ms and use max_tokens to determine timeout
-        timeout_sec = max(timeout_sec, int(max_tokens * 0.2))
+        token_based_timeout = int(max_tokens * 0.2)
+        if token_based_timeout > timeout_sec:
+            timeout_sec = token_based_timeout
+            logger.info(
+                "Using timeout of %ds based on max_tokens %d",
+                timeout_sec,
+                max_tokens,
+            )
     timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=timeout_sec)
 
     valid_response = True
-    ttft: Optional[float] = None
+    ttft: float | None = None
     chunk_delay: list[int] = []
-    latency: Optional[float] = None
+    latency: float | None = None
     first_chunk = ""
     generated_text = ""
 
@@ -269,7 +270,7 @@ async def send_request(
                 if not chunk_bytes:
                     continue
 
-                chunk = remove_prefix(chunk_bytes.decode("utf-8"), "data: ")
+                chunk = chunk_bytes.decode("utf-8").removeprefix("data: ")
                 if chunk == "[DONE]":
                     # End of stream
                     latency = time.perf_counter_ns() - start_time
@@ -364,7 +365,7 @@ async def send_turn(
     req_args: RequestArgs,
     verbose: bool,
     verify_output: bool,
-) -> Optional[RequestStats]:
+) -> RequestStats | None:
     assert messages_to_use > 0
     assert messages_to_use <= len(conversation_messages)
 
@@ -417,6 +418,7 @@ async def send_turn(
         req_args.stream,
         min_tokens,
         max_tokens,
+        req_args.timeout_sec,
     )
 
     if response.valid is False:
@@ -526,6 +528,25 @@ async def poisson_sleep(request_rate: float, verbose: bool = False) -> None:
     await asyncio.sleep(interval)
 
 
+async def exponential_backoff_sleep(
+    attempt_cnt: int,
+    base_rate: float = 1.0,
+    backoff_factor: float = 2.0,
+    jitter_fraction: float = 0.10,
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    # Sleep with exponential backoff and jitter after a failed request.
+    backoff_delay = base_rate * (backoff_factor**attempt_cnt)
+    jittered_delay = backoff_delay * (
+        1 + np.random.uniform(-jitter_fraction, jitter_fraction)
+    )
+
+    if verbose:
+        logger.info(f"Backoff for {jittered_delay:.3f} seconds...")
+
+    await asyncio.sleep(jittered_delay)
+
+
 async def client_main(
     args: ClientArgs,
     req_args: RequestArgs,
@@ -540,8 +561,11 @@ async def client_main(
         f"{Color.CYAN}Started client {client_id}: max_num_requests={args.max_num_requests}, max_active_conversations={args.max_active_conversations}{Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
     )
 
-    random.seed(args.seed)
-    np.random.seed(args.seed)
+    # Set unique seed per client (each client runs in its own process)
+    # Add 1 to ensure no client uses the same seed as the main process
+    client_seed = args.seed + client_id + 1
+    random.seed(client_seed)
+    np.random.seed(client_seed)
 
     # Active conversations
     active_convs: ConversationsMap = {}
@@ -644,7 +668,7 @@ async def client_main(
 
             if args.verbose:
                 curr_time_sec: float = time.perf_counter()
-                time_since_last_turn: Union[str, float] = "N/A"
+                time_since_last_turn: str | float = "N/A"
                 if conv_id in time_of_last_turn:
                     time_since_last_turn = round(
                         curr_time_sec - time_of_last_turn[conv_id], 3
@@ -654,49 +678,62 @@ async def client_main(
                 )
                 time_of_last_turn[conv_id] = curr_time_sec
 
-            success = True
-            try:
-                result = await send_turn(
-                    session,
-                    client_id,
-                    conv_id,
-                    messages,
-                    current_turn,
-                    tokenizer,
-                    req_args,
-                    args.print_content,
-                    args.verify_output,
-                )
-                if result is not None:
-                    result_queue.put(result)
-                else:
-                    # None means that the request failed,
-                    # and should not be added to the statistics.
-                    success = False
-                    num_failures += 1
-
-                    logger.warning(
-                        f"{Color.YELLOW}Client {client_id} - Request rejected during conversation ID {conv_id} (turn: {current_turn}){Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
+            success = False
+            for attempt_cnt in range(args.max_retries + 1):
+                try:
+                    exception = False
+                    result = await send_turn(
+                        session,
+                        client_id,
+                        conv_id,
+                        messages,
+                        current_turn,
+                        tokenizer,
+                        req_args,
+                        args.print_content,
+                        args.verify_output,
+                    )
+                    if result is not None:
+                        result_queue.put(result)
+                        success = True
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        logger.warning(
+                            f"{Color.YELLOW}Client {client_id} - Request rejected during conversation ID {conv_id} (turn: {current_turn}){Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
+                        )
+                except asyncio.exceptions.TimeoutError:
+                    exception = True
+                    logger.error(
+                        "%sClient %d - Timeout during conversation ID %s (turn: %d). "
+                        "Base timeout is %ss (set with --request-timeout-sec), but the "
+                        "effective timeout may be longer based on max_tokens. If this "
+                        "is unexpected, consider increasing the timeout or checking "
+                        "model performance.%s",
+                        Color.RED,
+                        client_id,
+                        conv_id,
+                        current_turn,
+                        req_args.timeout_sec,
+                        Color.RESET,
+                    )
+                except Exception:
+                    exception = True
+                    logger.exception(
+                        f"{Color.RED}Client {client_id} - Exception during conversation ID {conv_id} (turn: {current_turn}){Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
                     )
 
-                    # Remove the conversation (should not be used again)
-                    active_convs.pop(conv_id)
+                # Sleep before retry if not last attempt
+                if not success and attempt_cnt < args.max_retries:
+                    await exponential_backoff_sleep(attempt_cnt, verbose=args.verbose)
 
-            except asyncio.exceptions.TimeoutError:
+            if not success:
                 num_failures += 1
-                logger.exception(
-                    f"{Color.RED}Client {client_id} - Timeout during conversation ID {conv_id} (turn: {current_turn}){Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
-                )
-                break  # Exit gracefully instead of raising an error
+                # Remove the conversation (should not be used again)
+                active_convs.pop(conv_id)
+                if exception:
+                    break  # Exit gracefully instead of raising an error
 
-            except Exception:
-                num_failures += 1
-                logger.exception(
-                    f"{Color.RED}Client {client_id} - Exception during conversation ID {conv_id} (turn: {current_turn}){Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
-                )
-                break  # Exit gracefully instead of raising an error
-
-            if success:
+            else:
                 num_successes += 1
 
                 # Update the turns counter to include the LLM response
@@ -769,7 +806,7 @@ def get_client_config(
             "Number of conversations must be equal or larger than the number of clients"
         )
 
-    max_req_per_client: Optional[int] = None
+    max_req_per_client: int | None = None
     if args.max_num_requests is not None:
         # Max number of requests per client
         req_per_client = args.max_num_requests // args.num_clients
@@ -811,6 +848,7 @@ def get_client_config(
         verify_output=args.verify_output,
         conversation_sampling=args.conversation_sampling,
         request_rate=args.request_rate,
+        max_retries=args.max_retries,
     )
 
     if args.limit_min_tokens > 0 or args.limit_max_tokens > 0:
@@ -823,6 +861,9 @@ def get_client_config(
                 "Invalid min/max tokens limits (min should not be larger than max)"
             )
 
+    if args.request_timeout_sec <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Request timeout must be a positive number")
+
     # Arguments for API requests
     chat_url = f"{args.url}/v1/chat/completions"
     model_name = args.served_model_name if args.served_model_name else args.model
@@ -833,6 +874,7 @@ def get_client_config(
         stream=not args.no_stream,
         limit_min_tokens=args.limit_min_tokens,
         limit_max_tokens=args.limit_max_tokens,
+        timeout_sec=args.request_timeout_sec,
     )
 
     return client_args, req_args
@@ -936,13 +978,13 @@ async def main_mp(
                     f"{num_clients_finished} out of {bench_args.num_clients} clients finished, collected {len(client_metrics)} measurements, runtime {runtime_sec:.3f} sec{Color.RESET}"  # noqa: E501
                 )
 
-                rps: Union[str, float] = round(len(client_metrics) / runtime_sec, 3)
+                rps: str | float = round(len(client_metrics) / runtime_sec, 3)
                 if len(client_metrics) < (5 * bench_args.num_clients):
                     # Do not estimate the RPS if the number of samples is very low
                     # (threshold can be tuned if needed)
                     rps = "N/A"
 
-                runtime_left_sec: Union[str, float] = round(
+                runtime_left_sec: str | float = round(
                     (runtime_sec / finished_convs) * (total_convs - finished_convs), 3
                 )
                 if percent < 0.05:
@@ -976,7 +1018,7 @@ async def main_mp(
             f"(is alive: {client.is_alive()}){Color.RESET}"
         )
 
-        client.join(timeout=120)
+        client.join(timeout=req_args.timeout_sec + 1)
 
         if client.is_alive():
             logger.warning(
@@ -1032,8 +1074,9 @@ def process_statistics(
     warmup_percentages: list[float],
     test_params: dict,
     verbose: bool,
-    gen_conv_args: Optional[GenConvArgs] = None,
+    gen_conv_args: GenConvArgs | None = None,
     excel_output: bool = False,
+    warmup_runtime_sec: float | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     if len(client_metrics) == 0:
         logger.info("No samples to process")
@@ -1127,8 +1170,13 @@ def process_statistics(
         # Convert milliseconds to seconds
         runtime_sec = runtime_sec / 1000.0
         requests_per_sec = float(len(df)) / runtime_sec
-
-        params = {"runtime_sec": runtime_sec, "requests_per_sec": requests_per_sec}
+        params = {
+            "runtime_sec": runtime_sec,
+            "requests_per_sec": requests_per_sec,
+        }
+        if warmup_runtime_sec is not None:
+            params["warmup_runtime_sec"] = warmup_runtime_sec
+            params["total_runtime_incl_warmup_sec"] = runtime_sec + warmup_runtime_sec
 
         # Generate a summary of relevant metrics (and drop irrelevant data)
         df = df.drop(columns=exclude).describe(percentiles=percentiles).transpose()
@@ -1259,7 +1307,7 @@ async def main() -> None:
         default=None,
         help="The model name used in the API. "
         "If not specified, the model name will be the "
-        "same as the ``--model`` argument. ",
+        "same as the `--model` argument. ",
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -1342,6 +1390,16 @@ async def main() -> None:
         help="Expected request rate (Poisson process) per client in requests/sec."
         "Set to 0 for no delay between requests.",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-retries",
+        type=int,
+        default=int(os.environ.get("MULTITURN_BENCH_MAX_RETRIES", "0")),
+        help="Maximum number of retry attempts for timed-out requests. "
+        "Default is 0 (no retries). "
+        "Set to higher values to retry failed requests and maintain "
+        "fair workload distribution. "
+        "Can also be set via MULTITURN_BENCH_MAX_RETRIES environment variable.",
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--conversation-sampling",
         type=ConversationSampling,
@@ -1359,6 +1417,13 @@ async def main() -> None:
         action="store_true",
         help="Verify the LLM output (compare to the answers in the input JSON file)",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--request-timeout-sec",
+        type=int,
+        default=120,
+        help="Timeout in seconds for each API request (default: 120). "
+        "Automatically increased if max tokens imply longer decoding.",
+    )
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--no-stream",
@@ -1434,11 +1499,10 @@ async def main() -> None:
             f"Invalid --warmup-percentage={args.warmup_percentage}"
         ) from None
 
+    # Set global seeds for main process
     random.seed(args.seed)
     np.random.seed(args.seed)
 
-    if not os.path.exists(args.model):
-        raise OSError(f"Path does not exist: {args.model}")
     logger.info("Loading tokenizer")
     tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(args.model)
 
@@ -1494,6 +1558,8 @@ async def main() -> None:
         url=args.url, num_clients=args.num_clients, early_stop=not args.no_early_stop
     )
 
+    warmup_runtime_sec: float | None = None
+
     # Warm-up step
     if args.warmup_step:
         # Only send a single user prompt from every conversation.
@@ -1508,26 +1574,56 @@ async def main() -> None:
         # all clients should finish their work before exiting
         warmup_bench_args = bench_args._replace(early_stop=False)
 
-        logger.info(f"{Color.PURPLE}Warmup start{Color.RESET}")
+        logger.info("%sWarmup start%s", Color.PURPLE, Color.RESET)
+        warmup_start_ns = time.perf_counter_ns()
         conversations, _ = await main_mp(
             warmup_client_args, req_args, warmup_bench_args, tokenizer, conversations
         )
-        logger.info(f"{Color.PURPLE}Warmup done{Color.RESET}")
+        warmup_runtime_sec = nanosec_to_sec(time.perf_counter_ns() - warmup_start_ns)
+        logger.info(
+            "%sWarmup runtime: %.3f sec (%.3f ms)%s",
+            Color.PURPLE,
+            warmup_runtime_sec,
+            warmup_runtime_sec * 1000,
+            Color.RESET,
+        )
+        logger.info("%sWarmup done%s", Color.PURPLE, Color.RESET)
 
     # Run the benchmark
-    start_time = time.perf_counter_ns()
+    benchmark_start_ns = time.perf_counter_ns()
     client_convs, client_metrics = await main_mp(
         client_args, req_args, bench_args, tokenizer, conversations
     )
-    total_runtime_ms = nanosec_to_millisec(time.perf_counter_ns() - start_time)
+    benchmark_runtime_sec = nanosec_to_sec(time.perf_counter_ns() - benchmark_start_ns)
 
     # Calculate requests per second
-    total_runtime_sec = total_runtime_ms / 1000.0
-    rps = len(client_metrics) / total_runtime_sec
+    requests_per_sec = len(client_metrics) / benchmark_runtime_sec
+    benchmark_runtime_ms = benchmark_runtime_sec * 1000.0
     logger.info(
-        f"{Color.GREEN}All clients finished, total runtime: {total_runtime_sec:.3f} sec"
-        f" ({total_runtime_ms:.3f} ms), requests per second: {rps:.3f}{Color.RESET}"
+        "%sAll clients finished, benchmark runtime: %.3f sec (%.3f ms), "
+        "requests per second: %.3f%s",
+        Color.GREEN,
+        benchmark_runtime_sec,
+        benchmark_runtime_ms,
+        requests_per_sec,
+        Color.RESET,
     )
+    if warmup_runtime_sec is not None:
+        total_runtime_sec = benchmark_runtime_sec + warmup_runtime_sec
+        logger.info(
+            "%sWarmup runtime: %.3f sec (%.3f ms)%s",
+            Color.GREEN,
+            warmup_runtime_sec,
+            warmup_runtime_sec * 1000,
+            Color.RESET,
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            "%sTotal runtime (including warmup): %.3f sec (%.3f ms)%s",
+            Color.GREEN,
+            total_runtime_sec,
+            total_runtime_sec * 1000,
+            Color.RESET,
+        )
 
     # Benchmark parameters
     params = {
@@ -1552,6 +1648,7 @@ async def main() -> None:
         verbose=args.verbose,
         gen_conv_args=gen_conv_args,
         excel_output=args.excel_output,
+        warmup_runtime_sec=warmup_runtime_sec,
     )
 
     if args.output_file is not None:

benchmarks/multi_turn/convert_sharegpt_to_openai.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import argparse
 import json
 import random
 from statistics import mean
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 import pandas as pd  # type: ignore
 import tqdm  # type: ignore
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def has_non_english_chars(text: str) -> bool:
 
 
 def content_is_valid(
-    content: str, min_content_len: Optional[int], max_content_len: Optional[int]
+    content: str, min_content_len: int | None, max_content_len: int | None
 ) -> bool:
     if min_content_len and len(content) < min_content_len:
         return False
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def content_is_valid(
 
 
 def print_stats(
-    conversations: "list[dict[Any, Any]]", tokenizer: Optional[AutoTokenizer] = None
+    conversations: "list[dict[Any, Any]]", tokenizer: AutoTokenizer | None = None
 ) -> None:
     # Collect statistics
     stats = []
@@ -109,12 +109,12 @@ def convert_sharegpt_to_openai(
     seed: int,
     input_file: str,
     output_file: str,
-    max_items: Optional[int],
-    min_content_len: Optional[int] = None,
-    max_content_len: Optional[int] = None,
-    min_turns: Optional[int] = None,
-    max_turns: Optional[int] = None,
-    model: Optional[str] = None,
+    max_items: int | None,
+    min_content_len: int | None = None,
+    max_content_len: int | None = None,
+    min_turns: int | None = None,
+    max_turns: int | None = None,
+    model: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     if min_turns and max_turns:
         assert min_turns <= max_turns

benchmarks/multi_turn/requirements.txt

@@ -2,4 +2,5 @@ numpy>=1.24
 pandas>=2.0.0
 aiohttp>=3.10
 transformers>=4.46
-xlsxwriter>=3.2.1
\ No newline at end of file
+xlsxwriter>=3.2.1
+tqdm>=4.66

benchmarks/overheads/benchmark_hashing.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import cProfile
 import pstats
 
 from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams
-from vllm.utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
+from vllm.utils.argparse_utils import FlexibleArgumentParser
 
 # A very long prompt, total number of tokens is about 15k.
 LONG_PROMPT = ["You are an expert in large language models, aren't you?"] * 1000

benchmarks/pyproject.toml

-# This local pyproject file is part of the migration from yapf to ruff format.
-# It uses the same core rules as the main pyproject.toml file, but with the
-# following differences:
-# - ruff line length is overridden to 88
-# - deprecated typing ignores (UP006, UP035) have been removed
-
-[tool.ruff]
-line-length = 88
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
-"vllm/third_party/**" = ["ALL"]
-"vllm/version.py" = ["F401"]
-"vllm/_version.py" = ["ALL"]
-
-[tool.ruff.lint]
-select = [
-    # pycodestyle
-    "E",
-    # Pyflakes
-    "F",
-    # pyupgrade
-    "UP",
-    # flake8-bugbear
-    "B",
-    # flake8-simplify
-    "SIM",
-    # isort
-    "I",
-    # flake8-logging-format
-    "G",
-]
-ignore = [
-    # star imports
-    "F405", "F403",
-    # lambda expression assignment
-    "E731",
-    # Loop control variable not used within loop body
-    "B007",
-    # f-string format
-    "UP032",
-    # Can remove once 3.10+ is the minimum Python version
-    "UP007",
-]
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
-known-first-party = ["vllm"]
-
-[tool.ruff.format]
-docstring-code-format = true
\ No newline at end of file

cmake/cpu_extension.cmake

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ endif()
 #
 set(ENABLE_AVX512BF16 $ENV{VLLM_CPU_AVX512BF16})
 set(ENABLE_AVX512VNNI $ENV{VLLM_CPU_AVX512VNNI})
+set(ENABLE_AMXBF16 $ENV{VLLM_CPU_AMXBF16})
 
 include_directories("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/csrc")
 
@@ -140,6 +141,22 @@ if (AVX512_FOUND AND NOT AVX512_DISABLED)
         set(ENABLE_AVX512VNNI OFF)
         message(WARNING "Disable AVX512-VNNI ISA support, no avx512_vnni found in local CPU flags." " If cross-compilation is required, please set env VLLM_CPU_AVX512VNNI=1.")
     endif()
+
+    find_isa(${CPUINFO} "amx_bf16" AMXBF16_FOUND)
+    if (AMXBF16_FOUND OR ENABLE_AMXBF16)
+        if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU" AND
+            CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 12.3)
+            list(APPEND CXX_COMPILE_FLAGS "-mamx-bf16" "-mamx-tile")
+            set(ENABLE_AMXBF16 ON)
+            add_compile_definitions(-DCPU_CAPABILITY_AMXBF16)
+        else()
+            set(ENABLE_AMXBF16 OFF)
+            message(WARNING "Disable AMX_BF16 ISA support, requires gcc/g++ >= 12.3")
+        endif()
+    else()
+        set(ENABLE_AMXBF16 OFF)
+        message(WARNING "Disable AMX_BF16 ISA support, no amx_bf16 found in local CPU flags." " If cross-compilation is required, please set env VLLM_CPU_AMXBF16=1.")
+    endif()
     
 elseif (AVX2_FOUND)
     list(APPEND CXX_COMPILE_FLAGS "-mavx2")
@@ -188,31 +205,115 @@ else()
     message(FATAL_ERROR "vLLM CPU backend requires AVX512, AVX2, Power9+ ISA, S390X ISA, ARMv8 or RISC-V support.")
 endif()
 
-#
-# Build oneDNN for W8A8 GEMM kernels (only for x86-AVX512 /ARM platforms)
-# Flag to enable ACL kernels for AARCH64 platforms
-if (VLLM_BUILD_ACL STREQUAL "ON")
-    set(USE_ACL ON)
-else()
-    set(USE_ACL OFF)
-endif()
 
+# Build oneDNN for GEMM kernels (only for x86-AVX512 /ARM platforms)
 if ((AVX512_FOUND AND NOT AVX512_DISABLED) OR (ASIMD_FOUND AND NOT APPLE_SILICON_FOUND) OR POWER9_FOUND OR POWER10_FOUND OR POWER11_FOUND)
-    FetchContent_Declare(
-        oneDNN
-        GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneDNN.git
-        GIT_TAG v3.9
-        GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-        GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
-    )
+    # Fetch and build Arm Compute Library (ACL) as oneDNN's backend for AArch64
+    # TODO [fadara01]: remove this once ACL can be fetched and built automatically as a dependency of oneDNN
+    set(ONEDNN_AARCH64_USE_ACL OFF CACHE BOOL "")
+    if(ASIMD_FOUND)
+        # Set number of parallel build processes
+        include(ProcessorCount)
+        ProcessorCount(NPROC)
+        if(NOT NPROC)
+            set(NPROC 4)
+        endif()
+        # locate PyTorch's libgomp (e.g. site-packages/torch.libs/libgomp-947d5fa1.so.1.0.0)
+        # and create a local shim dir with it
+        vllm_prepare_torch_gomp_shim(VLLM_TORCH_GOMP_SHIM_DIR)
+
+        find_library(OPEN_MP
+            NAMES gomp
+            PATHS ${VLLM_TORCH_GOMP_SHIM_DIR}
+            NO_DEFAULT_PATH
+            REQUIRED
+        )
+        # Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include the shim dir at build time to use the same libgomp as PyTorch
+        if (OPEN_MP)
+            set(ENV{LD_LIBRARY_PATH} "${VLLM_TORCH_GOMP_SHIM_DIR}:$ENV{LD_LIBRARY_PATH}")
+        endif()
+
+        # Fetch and populate ACL
+        if(DEFINED ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR} AND IS_DIRECTORY "$ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}")
+            message(STATUS "Using ACL from specified source directory: $ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}")
+        else()
+            message(STATUS "Downloading Arm Compute Library (ACL) from GitHub")
+            FetchContent_Populate(arm_compute
+                SUBBUILD_DIR "${FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR}/arm_compute-subbuild"
+                SOURCE_DIR   "${FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR}/arm_compute-src"
+                GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ARM-software/ComputeLibrary.git
+                GIT_TAG        v52.6.0
+                GIT_SHALLOW    TRUE
+                GIT_PROGRESS   TRUE
+            )
+            set(ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR} "${arm_compute_SOURCE_DIR}")
+            set(ACL_LIB_DIR "$ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}/build")
+        endif()
 
-    if(USE_ACL)
-        find_library(ARM_COMPUTE_LIBRARY NAMES arm_compute PATHS $ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}/build/)
-        if(NOT ARM_COMPUTE_LIBRARY)
-            message(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find ARM Compute Library: please set ACL_ROOT_DIR")
+        # Build ACL with CMake
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB "OFF")
+        set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_ARCH "armv8.2-a")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_ASSERTS "OFF")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_CPPTHREADS "OFF")
+        set(ONEDNN_ENABLE_PRIMITIVE "MATMUL;REORDER")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_OPENMP "ON")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_WERROR "OFF")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_EXAMPLES "OFF")
+        set(ARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_TESTING "OFF")
+
+        set(_cmake_config_cmd
+             ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -G Ninja -B build 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB=OFF 
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_ARCH=armv8.2-a 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_ASSERTS=OFF 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_CPPTHREADS=OFF 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_OPENMP=ON 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_WERROR=OFF 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF 
+            -DARM_COMPUTE_BUILD_TESTING=OFF)
+        set(_cmake_build_cmd
+            ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build build -- -j${NPROC}
+        )
+
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND ${_cmake_config_cmd}
+            WORKING_DIRECTORY "$ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}"
+        )
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND ${_cmake_build_cmd}
+            WORKING_DIRECTORY "$ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}"
+            RESULT_VARIABLE _acl_rc
+        )
+
+        if(NOT _acl_rc EQUAL 0)
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "ACL SCons build failed (exit ${_acl_rc}).")
         endif()
-        set(ONEDNN_AARCH64_USE_ACL "ON")
-        set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wl,-rpath,$ENV{ACL_ROOT_DIR}/build/")
+        message(STATUS "Arm Compute Library (ACL) built successfully.")
+
+        # VLLM/oneDNN settings for ACL
+        set(ONEDNN_AARCH64_USE_ACL ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+        add_compile_definitions(VLLM_USE_ACL)
+    endif()
+
+    set(FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_ONEDNN "$ENV{FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_ONEDNN}" CACHE PATH "Path to a local oneDNN source directory.")
+
+    if(FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_ONEDNN)
+        message(STATUS "Using oneDNN from specified source directory: ${FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_ONEDNN}")
+        FetchContent_Declare(
+            oneDNN
+            SOURCE_DIR ${FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_ONEDNN}
+        )
+    else()
+        message(STATUS "Downloading oneDNN from GitHub")
+        FetchContent_Declare(
+            oneDNN
+            GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneDNN.git
+            GIT_TAG v3.10
+            GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+            GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
+        )
     endif()
 
     set(ONEDNN_LIBRARY_TYPE "STATIC")
@@ -229,7 +330,10 @@ if ((AVX512_FOUND AND NOT AVX512_DISABLED) OR (ASIMD_FOUND AND NOT APPLE_SILICON
     set(ONEDNN_VERBOSE "OFF")
     set(CMAKE_POLICY_DEFAULT_CMP0077 NEW)
 
+    set(VLLM_BUILD_TYPE ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release") # remove oneDNN debug symbols to reduce size
     FetchContent_MakeAvailable(oneDNN)
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE ${VLLM_BUILD_TYPE})
     add_library(dnnl_ext OBJECT "csrc/cpu/dnnl_helper.cpp")
     target_include_directories(
         dnnl_ext
@@ -259,18 +363,19 @@ endif()
 #
 set(VLLM_EXT_SRC
     "csrc/cpu/activation.cpp"
-    "csrc/cpu/attention.cpp"
-    "csrc/cpu/cache.cpp"
     "csrc/cpu/utils.cpp"
     "csrc/cpu/layernorm.cpp"
     "csrc/cpu/mla_decode.cpp"
     "csrc/cpu/pos_encoding.cpp"
-    "csrc/cpu/torch_bindings.cpp"
-    "csrc/moe/dynamic_4bit_int_moe_cpu.cpp")
+    "csrc/moe/dynamic_4bit_int_moe_cpu.cpp"
+    "csrc/cpu/cpu_attn.cpp"
+    "csrc/cpu/scratchpad_manager.cpp"
+    "csrc/cpu/torch_bindings.cpp")
 
 if (AVX512_FOUND AND NOT AVX512_DISABLED)
     set(VLLM_EXT_SRC
         "csrc/cpu/shm.cpp"
+        "csrc/cpu/cpu_wna16.cpp"
         ${VLLM_EXT_SRC})
     if (ENABLE_AVX512BF16 AND ENABLE_AVX512VNNI)
         set(VLLM_EXT_SRC
@@ -297,7 +402,7 @@ message(STATUS "CPU extension source files: ${VLLM_EXT_SRC}")
 # Define extension targets
 #
 
-define_gpu_extension_target(
+define_extension_target(
     _C
     DESTINATION vllm
     LANGUAGE CXX