import math
from array import array
from dataclasses import dataclass, fields
from itertools import tee
from typing import Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, Union

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from mistral_common.protocol.instruct.messages import ImageChunk
from PIL import Image
from transformers import PretrainedConfig
from xformers.ops.fmha import memory_efficient_attention
from xformers.ops.fmha.attn_bias import BlockDiagonalMask

from vllm.attention import AttentionMetadata
from vllm.config import CacheConfig, MultiModalConfig
from vllm.inputs import INPUT_REGISTRY, InputContext
from vllm.model_executor.layers.layernorm import RMSNorm
from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization import QuantizationConfig
from vllm.model_executor.layers.sampler import SamplerOutput
from vllm.model_executor.model_loader.weight_utils import default_weight_loader
from vllm.model_executor.sampling_metadata import SamplingMetadata
from vllm.multimodal import MULTIMODAL_REGISTRY
from vllm.multimodal.base import MultiModalInputs
from vllm.multimodal.utils import cached_get_tokenizer
from vllm.sequence import (VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE, IntermediateTensors,
                           SequenceData)

from .interfaces import SupportsMultiModal
from .utils import init_vllm_registered_model


def get_max_pixtral_image_tokens(ctx: InputContext):
    tokenizer = cached_get_tokenizer(
        ctx.model_config.tokenizer,
        tokenizer_mode=ctx.model_config.tokenizer_mode)
    mm_encoder = tokenizer.instruct.mm_encoder

    max_image_size = mm_encoder.mm_config.max_image_size
    image_patch_size = mm_encoder.mm_config.image_patch_size

    return ((max_image_size // image_patch_size)**2)


def dummy_data_for_pixtral(ctx: InputContext, seq_len: int,
                           mm_counts: Mapping[str, int]):
    tokenizer = cached_get_tokenizer(
        ctx.model_config.tokenizer,
        tokenizer_mode=ctx.model_config.tokenizer_mode)
    mm_encoder = tokenizer.instruct.mm_encoder

    mm_config = ctx.model_config.multimodal_config
    max_num_images_per_request = mm_config.limit_per_prompt.get("image", 1)

    # approximate image size
    size = int(math.sqrt(seq_len) * mm_encoder.mm_config.image_patch_size)

    image = Image.new("RGB", (size, size), color=0)
    img_chunk = ImageChunk(image=image)

    tokens = mm_encoder(img_chunk).tokens
    token_ids = max_num_images_per_request * array(VLLM_TOKEN_ID_ARRAY_TYPE,
                                                   tokens)

    seq_data = SequenceData(token_ids)
    mm_data = {"image": max_num_images_per_request * [image]}
    return seq_data, mm_data


def input_mapper_for_pixtral(ctx: InputContext,
                             data: object) -> MultiModalInputs:
    """Maps the input data to its MultiModalInputs (if any).

    Args:
        ctx: Context of the loaded model.
        data: data potentially containing image/image embeddings to be mapped
            to pixel_values in .forward() for a visual QWenLMHeadModel model.

    Returns:
        MultiModalInputs containing the stacked normalized images tensor or
        image embeddings.
    """
    # Early exit if we have provided an image to a language only Qwen model
    model_config = ctx.model_config
    tokenizer = cached_get_tokenizer(
        model_config.tokenizer, tokenizer_mode=model_config.tokenizer_mode)

    data_list = data if isinstance(data, list) else [data]

    images = []
    for image_data in data_list:
        image = ImageChunk(image=image_data)
        encoding = tokenizer.instruct.mm_encoder(image)
        image = torch.from_numpy(encoding.image).to(device="cuda",
                                                    dtype=torch.float16)
        images.append(image)

    return MultiModalInputs({"images": images})


def merge_multimodal_embeddings(input_ids: torch.Tensor,
                                inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor,
                                image_features: Optional[List[torch.Tensor]],
                                image_id: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    text_locations = input_ids != image_id
    image_locations = input_ids == image_id

    seq_len = input_ids.shape[0]

    N_txt = text_locations.sum().item()
    _, D_txt = inputs_embeds.shape
    N_img, D_img = image_features.shape

    assert (D_txt == D_img), (f"Text features dim {D_txt} should be equal "
                              "to image features dim {D_img}")
    assert (seq_len == N_txt +
            N_img), (f"seq_len {seq_len} should be equal to N_txt + N_img "
                     f"{(N_txt, N_img, image_locations.sum().item())}")

    inputs_embeds[image_locations, :] = image_features
    return inputs_embeds


@MULTIMODAL_REGISTRY.register_image_input_mapper(input_mapper_for_pixtral)
@MULTIMODAL_REGISTRY.register_max_image_tokens(get_max_pixtral_image_tokens)
@INPUT_REGISTRY.register_dummy_data(dummy_data_for_pixtral)
class PixtralForConditionalGeneration(nn.Module, SupportsMultiModal):

    def __init__(self,
                 config: PretrainedConfig,
                 multimodal_config: MultiModalConfig,
                 cache_config: Optional[CacheConfig] = None,
                 quant_config: Optional[QuantizationConfig] = None) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        self.config = config
        self.multimodal_config = multimodal_config

        dataclass_fields = {field.name for field in fields(VisionEncoderArgs)}
        vision_args = {
            key: value
            for key, value in self.config.vision_config.to_dict().items()
            if key in dataclass_fields
        }

        self.vision_args = VisionEncoderArgs(**vision_args)

        # init MistralForCausalLM
        self.language_model = init_vllm_registered_model(
            config.text_config, cache_config, quant_config)

        self.vision_encoder = VisionTransformer(self.vision_args)
        self.vision_language_adapter = VisionLanguageAdapter(
            self.vision_args, dim=config.text_config.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.Tensor,
        positions: torch.Tensor,
        kv_caches: List[torch.Tensor],
        attn_metadata: AttentionMetadata,
        intermediate_tensors: Optional[IntermediateTensors] = None,
        **kwargs: object,
    ) -> SamplerOutput:
        """Run forward pass for pixtral.

        TODO

        """
        image_input = self._parse_and_validate_image_input(**kwargs)

        if image_input is not None:
            vision_embeddings = self._process_image_input(image_input)
            inputs_embeds = self.language_model.model.get_input_embeddings(
                input_ids)

            inputs_embeds = merge_multimodal_embeddings(
                input_ids, inputs_embeds, vision_embeddings,
                self.vision_args.image_token_id)

            input_ids = None
        else:
            inputs_embeds = None

        hidden_states = self.language_model.model(input_ids,
                                                  positions,
                                                  kv_caches,
                                                  attn_metadata,
                                                  None,
                                                  inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds)

        return hidden_states

    def _parse_and_validate_image_input(
        self,
        images: Optional[Union[List[List[torch.Tensor]], List[torch.Tensor],
                               torch.Tensor]] = None
    ) -> Optional[List[torch.Tensor]]:
        if images is None:
            return None

        if isinstance(images, torch.Tensor):
            # always take last images
            images = [images[-1][i] for i in range(images.size(1))]
        elif isinstance(images, list):
            # always take last images
            images = [images[-1][i] for i in range(len(images[0]))]

        return images

    def _process_image_input(self,
                             image_input: List[torch.Tensor]) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.vision_language_adapter(self.vision_encoder(image_input))

    def compute_logits(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        sampling_metadata: SamplingMetadata,
    ) -> Optional[torch.Tensor]:
        return self.language_model.compute_logits(hidden_states,
                                                  sampling_metadata)

    def sample(
        self,
        logits: torch.Tensor,
        sampling_metadata: SamplingMetadata,
    ) -> Optional[SamplerOutput]:
        return self.language_model.sample(logits, sampling_metadata)

    def load_weights(self, weights: Iterable[Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]]):

        def is_vision_encoder_weights(weight: Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]):
            return weight[0].startswith("vision_encoder")

        def is_vision_lang_adapter_weights(weight: Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]):
            return weight[0].startswith("vision_language_adapter")

        def is_vision_weights(weight: Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]):
            return is_vision_encoder_weights(
                weight) or is_vision_lang_adapter_weights(weight)

        llm_weights, vision_encoder_weights, vision_lang_adapter_weights = tee(
            weights, 3)

        # llm
        llm_weights = filter(lambda x: not is_vision_weights(x), llm_weights)
        self.language_model.load_weights(llm_weights)

        # vision encoder
        vision_encoder_weights = filter(is_vision_encoder_weights,
                                        vision_encoder_weights)
        vision_encoder_dict = dict(self.vision_encoder.named_parameters())
        for name, loaded_weight in vision_encoder_weights:
            # cut 'vision_encoder.'
            name = '.'.join(name.split(".")[1:])
            param = vision_encoder_dict[name]

            default_weight_loader(param, loaded_weight)

        # adapter
        vision_lang_adapter_weights = filter(is_vision_lang_adapter_weights,
                                             vision_lang_adapter_weights)
        vision_lang_adpter_dict = dict(
            self.vision_language_adapter.named_parameters())
        for name, loaded_weight in vision_lang_adapter_weights:
            # cut 'vision_language_adapter.'
            name = '.'.join(name.split(".")[1:])
            param = vision_lang_adpter_dict[name]
            default_weight_loader(param, loaded_weight)


# Vision encoder
@dataclass
class VisionEncoderArgs:
    hidden_size: int
    num_channels: int
    image_size: int
    patch_size: int
    intermediate_size: int
    num_hidden_layers: int
    num_attention_heads: int
    rope_theta: float  # for rope-2D
    image_token_id: int


def _reshape_for_broadcast(freqs_cis: torch.Tensor,
                           x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    freqs_cis: complex - (seq_len, head_dim / 2)
    x: complex - (bsz, seq_len, head_dim / 2)
    """
    ndim = x.ndim
    assert ndim > 1
    assert freqs_cis.shape == (x.shape[1], x.shape[-1]), (
        freqs_cis.shape,
        (x.shape[1], x.shape[-1]),
    )
    shape = [
        d if i == 1 or i == ndim - 1 else 1 for i, d in enumerate(x.shape)
    ]
    return freqs_cis.view(*shape)


def precompute_freqs_cis_2d(
    dim: int,
    height: int,
    width: int,
    theta: float,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    freqs_cis: 2D complex tensor of shape (height, width, dim // 2)
        to be indexed by (height, width) position tuples
    """
    # (dim / 2) frequency bases
    freqs = 1.0 / (theta**(torch.arange(0, dim, 2).float() / dim))

    h = torch.arange(height, device=freqs.device)
    w = torch.arange(width, device=freqs.device)

    freqs_h = torch.outer(h, freqs[::2]).float()
    freqs_w = torch.outer(w, freqs[1::2]).float()
    freqs_2d = torch.cat(
        [
            freqs_h[:, None, :].repeat(1, width, 1),
            freqs_w[None, :, :].repeat(height, 1, 1),
        ],
        dim=-1,
    )
    return torch.polar(torch.ones_like(freqs_2d), freqs_2d)


def apply_rotary_emb_vit(
    xq: torch.Tensor,
    xk: torch.Tensor,
    freqs_cis: torch.Tensor,
) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    xq_ = torch.view_as_complex(xq.float().reshape(*xq.shape[:-1], -1, 2))
    xk_ = torch.view_as_complex(xk.float().reshape(*xk.shape[:-1], -1, 2))
    assert freqs_cis.dtype == torch.complex64
    freqs_cis = _reshape_for_broadcast(freqs_cis, xq_)
    xq_out = torch.view_as_real(xq_ * freqs_cis).flatten(3)
    xk_out = torch.view_as_real(xk_ * freqs_cis).flatten(3)
    return xq_out.type_as(xq), xk_out.type_as(xk)


class FeedForward(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs):
        super().__init__()
        assert args.intermediate_size is not None
        self.w1 = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size,
                            args.intermediate_size,
                            bias=False)
        self.w2 = nn.Linear(args.intermediate_size,
                            args.hidden_size,
                            bias=False)
        self.w3 = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size,
                            args.intermediate_size,
                            bias=False)

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.w2(F.silu(self.w1(x)) * self.w3(x))


class Attention(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs):
        super().__init__()
        self.args = args
        assert not args.hidden_size % args.num_attention_heads
        self.n_heads = args.num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = args.hidden_size // args.num_attention_heads

        self.wq = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size, args.hidden_size, bias=False)
        self.wk = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size, args.hidden_size, bias=False)
        self.wv = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size, args.hidden_size, bias=False)
        self.wo = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size, args.hidden_size, bias=False)

    def forward(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        mask: BlockDiagonalMask,
        freqs_cis: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch, patches, _ = x.shape

        q, k, v = self.wq(x), self.wk(x), self.wv(x)
        q = q.reshape(batch, patches, self.n_heads, self.head_dim)
        k = k.reshape(batch, patches, self.n_heads, self.head_dim)
        v = v.reshape(batch, patches, self.n_heads, self.head_dim)

        q, k = apply_rotary_emb_vit(q, k, freqs_cis=freqs_cis)
        out = memory_efficient_attention(q, k, v, attn_bias=mask)
        out = out.reshape(batch, patches, self.n_heads * self.head_dim)
        return self.wo(out)


class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs):
        super().__init__()
        self.attention = Attention(args)
        self.feed_forward = FeedForward(args)
        self.attention_norm = RMSNorm(args.hidden_size, eps=1e-5)
        self.ffn_norm = RMSNorm(args.hidden_size, eps=1e-5)

    def forward(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        mask: BlockDiagonalMask,
        freqs_cis: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        r = self.attention.forward(self.attention_norm(x),
                                   mask=mask,
                                   freqs_cis=freqs_cis)
        h = x + r
        r = self.feed_forward.forward(self.ffn_norm(h))
        out = h + r
        return out


class Transformer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs):
        super().__init__()
        self.layers = torch.nn.ModuleList()
        for _ in range(args.num_hidden_layers):
            self.layers.append(TransformerBlock(args))

    def forward(
        self,
        x: torch.Tensor,
        mask: BlockDiagonalMask,
        freqs_cis: Optional[torch.Tensor],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        for layer in self.layers:
            x = layer(x, mask=mask, freqs_cis=freqs_cis)
        return x


def position_meshgrid(patch_embeds_list: list[torch.Tensor], ) -> torch.Tensor:
    positions = torch.cat([
        torch.stack(
            torch.meshgrid(
                torch.arange(p.shape[-2]),
                torch.arange(p.shape[-1]),
                indexing="ij",
            ),
            dim=-1,
        ).reshape(-1, 2) for p in patch_embeds_list
    ])
    return positions


class VisionTransformer(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs):
        super().__init__()
        self.args = args
        self.patch_conv = nn.Conv2d(
            in_channels=args.num_channels,
            out_channels=args.hidden_size,
            kernel_size=args.patch_size,
            stride=args.patch_size,
            bias=False,
        )
        self.ln_pre = RMSNorm(args.hidden_size, eps=1e-5)
        self.transformer = Transformer(args)

        head_dim = self.args.hidden_size // self.args.num_attention_heads
        assert head_dim % 2 == 0, "ROPE requires even head_dim"
        self._freqs_cis: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None

    @property
    def max_patches_per_side(self) -> int:
        return self.args.image_size // self.args.patch_size

    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return next(self.parameters()).device

    @property
    def dtype(self) -> torch.device:
        return next(self.parameters()).dtype

    @property
    def freqs_cis(self) -> torch.Tensor:
        if self._freqs_cis is None:
            self._freqs_cis = precompute_freqs_cis_2d(
                dim=self.args.hidden_size // self.args.num_attention_heads,
                height=self.max_patches_per_side,
                width=self.max_patches_per_side,
                theta=self.args.rope_theta,
            )

        if self._freqs_cis.device != self.device:
            self._freqs_cis = self._freqs_cis.to(device=self.device)

        return self._freqs_cis

    def forward(
        self,
        images: List[torch.Tensor],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            images: list of N_img images of variable sizes, 
                each of shape (C, H, W)
        Returns:
            image_features: tensor of token features for 
                all tokens of all images of shape (N_toks, D)
        """
        # pass images through initial convolution independently
        patch_embeds_list = [
            self.patch_conv(img.unsqueeze(0).to(self.dtype)) for img in images
        ]

        # flatten to a single sequence
        patch_embeds = torch.cat(
            [p.flatten(2).permute(0, 2, 1) for p in patch_embeds_list], dim=1)
        patch_embeds = self.ln_pre(patch_embeds)

        # positional embeddings
        positions = position_meshgrid(patch_embeds_list).to(self.device)
        freqs_cis = self.freqs_cis[positions[:, 0], positions[:, 1]]

        # pass through Transformer with a block diagonal mask delimiting images
        mask = BlockDiagonalMask.from_seqlens(
            [p.shape[-2] * p.shape[-1] for p in patch_embeds_list], )
        out = self.transformer(patch_embeds, mask=mask, freqs_cis=freqs_cis)

        # remove batch dimension of the single sequence
        return out.squeeze(0)


class VisionLanguageAdapter(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, args: VisionEncoderArgs, dim: int):
        super().__init__()
        assert isinstance(args, VisionEncoderArgs)
        self.w_in = nn.Linear(
            args.hidden_size,
            dim,
            bias=True,
        )
        self.gelu = nn.GELU()
        self.w_out = nn.Linear(dim, dim, bias=True)

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.w_out(self.gelu(self.w_in(x)))
