feat: Kimi K2/K2.5 tool and reasoning parsers (#6407)

Signed-off-by: Nikita Sukharev <kaonael@gmail.com>

docs/pages/agents/tool-calling.md

@@ -45,7 +45,14 @@ Parser to Model Mapping
 | pythonic |  meta-llama/Llama-4-* |
 | jamba |  ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-*-1.5, ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-*-1.6, ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-*-1.7, |
 | glm47 | zai-org/GLM-4.7 |
+| kimi_k2 | moonshotai/Kimi-K2-Thinking*, moonshotai/Kimi-K2-Instruct*, moonshotai/Kimi-K2.5* |
 
+\* Currently requires converting `tiktoken.model` to `tokenizers.json`.
+
+> [!TIP]
+> For Kimi K2.5 thinking models, pair `--dyn-tool-call-parser kimi_k2` with
+> `--dyn-reasoning-parser kimi_k25` so that both `<think>` blocks and tool calls
+> are parsed correctly from the same response.
 
 ## Examples
 

lib/llm/Cargo.toml

@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ galil-seiferas = { version = "0.1" }
 
 # preprocessor
 bs62 = { version = "0.1" }
-minijinja = { version = "2.14.0", features = ["loader"] }
-minijinja-contrib = { version = "2.14.0", features = ["pycompat"] }
+minijinja = { version = "2.15.1", features = ["loader", "loop_controls"] }
+minijinja-contrib = { version = "2.15.1", features = ["pycompat"] }
 json-five = { version = "0.3" }
 
 # media loading in the preprocessor

lib/llm/src/preprocessor.rs

@@ -946,6 +946,25 @@ impl OpenAIPreprocessor {
         jail.apply_with_finish_reason(stream)
     }
 
+    /// Check if reasoning parsing should be disabled based on per-request parameters.
+    /// For kimi_k25: disabled when chat_template_args contains "thinking": false.
+    fn is_reasoning_disabled_by_request(
+        reasoning_parser: Option<&str>,
+        chat_template_args: Option<&std::collections::HashMap<String, serde_json::Value>>,
+    ) -> bool {
+        match reasoning_parser {
+            Some("kimi_k25") => {
+                if let Some(args) = chat_template_args
+                    && let Some(thinking) = args.get("thinking")
+                {
+                    return thinking == &serde_json::Value::Bool(false);
+                }
+                false
+            }
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
     // Motivation: Each transformation on the stream should be a separate step to allow for more flexibility
     // Earlier reasoning parser logic was nested under delta generation logic in choice_from_postprocessor
     // Since we have tool calling parsing as separate step, it makes sense to have reasoning parser as separate step as well
@@ -1094,7 +1113,11 @@ impl
         );
 
         // Try to parse reasoning content only if parser is configured
-        let should_parse_reasoning = self.runtime_config.reasoning_parser.is_some();
+        let should_parse_reasoning = self.runtime_config.reasoning_parser.is_some()
+            && !Self::is_reasoning_disabled_by_request(
+                self.runtime_config.reasoning_parser.as_deref(),
+                request.chat_template_args.as_ref(),
+            );
 
         // Reasoning Content Parsing Transformation Step
         // Current Solution:
@@ -1329,3 +1352,77 @@ impl
 }
 
 // Note: tests for jailing and parser detection live in `lib/llm/tests/test_jail.rs`
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_is_reasoning_disabled_by_request() {
+        let thinking_true = {
+            let mut m = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+            m.insert("thinking".to_string(), serde_json::Value::Bool(true));
+            m
+        };
+        let thinking_false = {
+            let mut m = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+            m.insert("thinking".to_string(), serde_json::Value::Bool(false));
+            m
+        };
+        let empty_args = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+
+        // (parser, args, expected_disabled, description)
+        let cases = [
+            (
+                Some("kimi_k25"),
+                Some(&thinking_false),
+                true,
+                "kimi_k25 + thinking=false → disabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                Some("kimi_k25"),
+                Some(&thinking_true),
+                false,
+                "kimi_k25 + thinking=true → enabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                Some("kimi_k25"),
+                None,
+                false,
+                "kimi_k25 + no args → enabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                Some("kimi_k25"),
+                Some(&empty_args),
+                false,
+                "kimi_k25 + empty args → enabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                Some("deepseek_r1"),
+                Some(&thinking_false),
+                false,
+                "deepseek_r1 → never disabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                Some("basic"),
+                Some(&thinking_false),
+                false,
+                "basic → never disabled",
+            ),
+            (
+                None,
+                Some(&thinking_false),
+                false,
+                "no parser → never disabled",
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        for (parser, args, expected, desc) in cases {
+            assert_eq!(
+                OpenAIPreprocessor::is_reasoning_disabled_by_request(parser, args),
+                expected,
+                "FAILED: {desc}",
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}

lib/llm/tests/test_reasoning_parser.rs

@@ -105,6 +105,38 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Shorthand for creating a mock chunk with content only
+    fn chunk(content: &str) -> Annotated<NvCreateChatCompletionStreamResponse> {
+        create_mock_response_chunk(content.to_string(), None)
+    }
+
+    /// Run chunks through a reasoning parser, return aggregated (reasoning, content)
+    async fn run_parser(
+        chunks: Vec<Annotated<NvCreateChatCompletionStreamResponse>>,
+        parser: &str,
+    ) -> (String, String) {
+        let output_stream = OpenAIPreprocessor::parse_reasoning_content_from_stream(
+            stream::iter(chunks),
+            parser.to_string(),
+        );
+        let mut output_stream = std::pin::pin!(output_stream);
+        let mut all_reasoning = String::new();
+        let mut all_content = String::new();
+        while let Some(item) = output_stream.next().await {
+            if let Some(ref data) = item.data {
+                for choice in &data.choices {
+                    if let Some(ref r) = choice.delta.reasoning_content {
+                        all_reasoning.push_str(r);
+                    }
+                    if let Some(ref c) = choice.delta.content {
+                        all_content.push_str(get_text(c));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        (all_reasoning, all_content)
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_reasoning_parser_with_basic_parser() {
         // Basic Parser test <think> </think> tags
@@ -414,57 +446,69 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
-    async fn test_reasoning_parser_with_kimi_parser() {
-        // Create a mock runtime config with Kimi reasoning parser
-        let runtime_config = dynamo_llm::local_model::runtime_config::ModelRuntimeConfig {
-            reasoning_parser: Some("kimi".to_string()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-
-        // Create test input stream with Kimi-style reasoning tags
-        let input_chunks = vec![
-            create_mock_response_chunk("Let me analyze this. ◁think▷This is Kimi reasoning content◁/think▷ Here's my conclusion.".to_string(), None),
+    async fn test_reasoning_parser_with_kimi_k25() {
+        // (description, input_chunks, expected_reasoning, expected_content)
+        let cases = vec![
+            (
+                "thinking mode",
+                vec![
+                    chunk("<think>Let me"),
+                    chunk(" think about this carefully."),
+                    chunk("</think>Bonjour!"),
+                ],
+                "Let me think about this carefully.",
+                "Bonjour!",
+            ),
+            (
+                "instant mode (empty think)",
+                vec![
+                    chunk("<think>"),
+                    chunk("</think>"),
+                    chunk("Direct answer without thinking."),
+                ],
+                "",
+                "Direct answer without thinking.",
+            ),
+            (
+                "token-by-token",
+                vec![
+                    chunk("<think>"),
+                    chunk("The user"),
+                    chunk(" asked me"),
+                    chunk(" to say hello."),
+                    chunk("</think>"),
+                    chunk("Hello"),
+                    chunk("!"),
+                ],
+                "The user asked me to say hello.",
+                "Hello!",
+            ),
         ];
-        let input_stream = stream::iter(input_chunks);
-
-        // Apply the reasoning parser transformation
-        let output_stream = OpenAIPreprocessor::parse_reasoning_content_from_stream(
-            input_stream,
-            runtime_config.reasoning_parser.unwrap(),
-        );
 
-        // Pin the stream and collect all output chunks
-        let mut output_stream = std::pin::pin!(output_stream);
-        let mut output_chunks = Vec::new();
-        while let Some(chunk) = output_stream.next().await {
-            output_chunks.push(chunk);
+        for (desc, chunks, expected_reasoning, expected_content) in cases {
+            let (reasoning, content) = run_parser(chunks, "kimi_k25").await;
+            assert_eq!(reasoning, expected_reasoning, "FAILED reasoning: {desc}");
+            assert_eq!(content, expected_content, "FAILED content: {desc}");
+        }
     }
 
-        // Verify that Kimi-style reasoning is parsed correctly
-        assert_eq!(output_chunks.len(), 1);
-        let output_choice = &output_chunks[0].data.as_ref().unwrap().choices[0];
-
-        assert!(
-            output_choice.delta.reasoning_content.is_some(),
-            "Should extract Kimi reasoning content"
-        );
-        assert!(
-            output_choice.delta.content.is_some(),
-            "Should have normal content"
-        );
-
-        let reasoning_content = output_choice.delta.reasoning_content.as_ref().unwrap();
-        let normal_content = output_choice.delta.content.as_ref().unwrap();
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_reasoning_parser_with_kimi_parser() {
+        let (reasoning, content) = run_parser(
+            vec![chunk(
+                "Let me analyze this. ◁think▷This is Kimi reasoning content◁/think▷ Here's my conclusion.",
+            )],
+            "kimi",
+        )
+        .await;
 
-        // Verify the content was parsed with Kimi tags
         assert!(
-            reasoning_content.contains("Kimi reasoning"),
-            "Should contain Kimi reasoning content"
+            reasoning.contains("Kimi reasoning"),
+            "Should contain Kimi reasoning, got: {reasoning}"
         );
         assert!(
-            get_text(normal_content).contains("Let me analyze")
-                || get_text(normal_content).contains("Here's my conclusion"),
-            "Should contain normal content"
+            content.contains("Let me analyze") || content.contains("Here's my conclusion"),
+            "Should contain normal content, got: {content}"
         );
     }
 
@@ -586,6 +630,103 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_kimi_k25_with_reasoning_and_tool_calls() {
+        // Simulates a real Kimi K2.5 response: <think> block followed by tool calls.
+        // Verifies that reasoning and tool_calling parsers don't interfere with each other.
+        let input_chunks = vec![
+            chunk("<think>I should check the weather"),
+            chunk(" before answering.</think>"),
+            chunk("<|tool_calls_section_begin|>"),
+            chunk("<|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0"),
+            chunk("<|tool_call_argument_begin|>"),
+            chunk(r#"{"location":"NYC"}"#),
+            chunk("<|tool_call_end|>"),
+            chunk("<|tool_calls_section_end|>"),
+        ];
+        let input_stream = stream::iter(input_chunks);
+
+        // Step 1: reasoning parser (kimi_k25) extracts <think> into reasoning_content
+        let reasoning_parsed_stream = OpenAIPreprocessor::parse_reasoning_content_from_stream(
+            input_stream,
+            "kimi_k25".to_string(),
+        );
+
+        // Step 2: tool calling jail (kimi_k2) extracts tool calls from remaining content
+        let tool_parsed_stream = OpenAIPreprocessor::apply_tool_calling_jail(
+            Some("kimi_k2".to_string()),
+            None,
+            None,
+            reasoning_parsed_stream,
+        );
+
+        let mut tool_parsed_stream = std::pin::pin!(tool_parsed_stream);
+        let mut output_chunks = Vec::new();
+        while let Some(chunk) = tool_parsed_stream.next().await {
+            output_chunks.push(chunk);
+        }
+
+        assert!(!output_chunks.is_empty(), "Should have output chunks");
+
+        let mut all_reasoning = String::new();
+        let mut all_normal_content = String::new();
+        let mut found_tool_calls = false;
+        let mut tool_call_function_name: Option<String> = None;
+        let mut tool_call_arguments: Option<serde_json::Value> = None;
+
+        for chunk in output_chunks.iter() {
+            if let Some(ref data) = chunk.data {
+                for choice in &data.choices {
+                    if let Some(ref r) = choice.delta.reasoning_content {
+                        all_reasoning.push_str(r);
+                    }
+                    if let Some(ref c) = choice.delta.content {
+                        all_normal_content.push_str(get_text(c));
+                    }
+                    if let Some(ref tool_calls) = choice.delta.tool_calls
+                        && !tool_calls.is_empty()
+                    {
+                        found_tool_calls = true;
+                        for tc in tool_calls {
+                            if let Some(ref f) = tc.function {
+                                if let Some(ref name) = f.name {
+                                    tool_call_function_name = Some(name.clone());
+                                }
+                                if let Some(ref args) = f.arguments {
+                                    tool_call_arguments = Some(serde_json::from_str(args).unwrap());
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            all_reasoning, "I should check the weather before answering.",
+            "Reasoning mismatch"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            found_tool_calls,
+            "Should have found tool calls in the output"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            tool_call_function_name.as_deref(),
+            Some("get_weather"),
+            "Tool call function name should be 'get_weather'"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            tool_call_arguments.as_ref(),
+            Some(&serde_json::json!({"location": "NYC"})),
+            "Tool call arguments mismatch"
+        );
+        // No normal content expected — everything is either reasoning or tool calls
+        assert!(
+            all_normal_content.trim().is_empty(),
+            "Expected no normal content, got: {all_normal_content:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     #[ignore]
     // (TODO: Ayush) Fix this test

lib/parsers/src/reasoning/base_parser.rs

@@ -108,6 +108,10 @@ impl ReasoningParser for BasicReasoningParser {
 
         while cursor < text.len() {
             if currently_reasoning {
+                // Skip leading start token if present (handles force_reasoning + explicit <think>)
+                if text[cursor..].starts_with(&self.think_start_token) {
+                    cursor += self.think_start_token.len();
+                }
                 // We're inside a reasoning block — look for end token
                 if let Some(end_offset) = text[cursor..].find(&self.think_end_token) {
                     reasoning_parts.push(&text[cursor..cursor + end_offset]);
@@ -175,6 +179,17 @@ impl ReasoningParser for BasicReasoningParser {
                 continue;
             }
 
+            // Buffer is a prefix of the start token (e.g., "<thi" for "<think>") — wait
+            // for more data before deciding whether to strip it or emit as reasoning.
+            // Only applies when force_reasoning=true and we haven't stripped the tag yet.
+            if !self.stripped_think_start
+                && self._in_reasoning
+                && !current_text.is_empty()
+                && self.think_start_token.starts_with(current_text.as_str())
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+
             if self._in_reasoning {
                 if let Some(end_idx) = current_text.find(self.think_end_token.as_str()) {
                     // End of reasoning block: accumulate content and transition out.

lib/parsers/src/reasoning/mod.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ fn get_reasoning_parser_map() -> &'static HashMap<&'static str, ReasoningParserT
         map.insert("qwen3", ReasoningParserType::Qwen);
         map.insert("nemotron_deci", ReasoningParserType::NemotronDeci);
         map.insert("kimi", ReasoningParserType::Kimi);
+        map.insert("kimi_k25", ReasoningParserType::KimiK25);
         map.insert("step3", ReasoningParserType::Step3);
         map.insert("mistral", ReasoningParserType::Mistral);
         map.insert("granite", ReasoningParserType::Granite);
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ pub enum ReasoningParserType {
     Qwen,
     NemotronDeci,
     Kimi,
+    KimiK25,
     Mistral,
     Granite,
     MiniMaxAppendThink,
@@ -152,6 +154,14 @@ impl ReasoningParserType {
                     true,
                 )),
             },
+            ReasoningParserType::KimiK25 => ReasoningParserWrapper {
+                parser: Box::new(BasicReasoningParser::new(
+                    "<think>".into(),
+                    "</think>".into(),
+                    true,
+                    true,
+                )),
+            },
             ReasoningParserType::Mistral => ReasoningParserWrapper {
                 parser: Box::new(BasicReasoningParser::new(
                     "[THINK]".into(),
@@ -222,6 +232,7 @@ mod tests {
             "qwen3",
             "nemotron_deci",
             "kimi",
+            "kimi_k25",
             "step3",
             "mistral",
             "granite",
@@ -233,4 +244,135 @@ mod tests {
             assert!(parsers.contains(&parser));
         }
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kimi_k25_detect_and_parse() {
+        // (description, input, expected_reasoning, expected_normal)
+        let cases = [
+            (
+                "force reasoning: no think tags",
+                "no think tags here",
+                "no think tags here",
+                "",
+            ),
+            (
+                "standard think tags",
+                "<think>Let me reason about this.</think>Hello!",
+                "Let me reason about this.",
+                "Hello!",
+            ),
+            (
+                "empty think block (instant mode)",
+                "<think></think>Hello from instant mode!",
+                "",
+                "Hello from instant mode!",
+            ),
+            (
+                "empty think block with newline",
+                "<think>\n</think>Hello from instant mode!",
+                "",
+                "Hello from instant mode!",
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        for (desc, input, expected_reasoning, expected_normal) in cases {
+            let mut parser = ReasoningParserType::KimiK25.get_reasoning_parser();
+            let result = parser.detect_and_parse_reasoning(input, &[]);
+            assert_eq!(
+                result.reasoning_text, expected_reasoning,
+                "FAILED reasoning: {desc}"
+            );
+            assert_eq!(result.normal_text, expected_normal, "FAILED normal: {desc}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kimi_k25_streaming_force_reasoning() {
+        // Streaming: force_reasoning means tokens before <think> are treated as reasoning
+        let mut parser = ReasoningParserType::KimiK25.get_reasoning_parser();
+
+        // First chunk: partial think tag — buffered because it's a prefix of "<think>"
+        let r1 = parser.parse_reasoning_streaming_incremental("<thi", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(r1.reasoning_text, "");
+        assert_eq!(r1.normal_text, "");
+
+        // Second chunk: completes the think tag + reasoning content
+        let r2 = parser.parse_reasoning_streaming_incremental("nk>reasoning here", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(r2.reasoning_text, "reasoning here");
+        assert_eq!(r2.normal_text, "");
+
+        // Third chunk: close tag + normal content
+        let r3 = parser.parse_reasoning_streaming_incremental("</think>Hello!", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(r3.reasoning_text, "");
+        assert_eq!(r3.normal_text, "Hello!");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kimi_k25_streaming() {
+        // (description, tokens, expected_reasoning, expected_content)
+        let cases: Vec<(&str, &[&str], &str, &str)> = vec![
+            (
+                "complete response",
+                &[
+                    "<think>",
+                    "I need to",
+                    " think about",
+                    " this carefully.",
+                    "</think>",
+                    "Bonjour",
+                    "!",
+                ],
+                "I need to think about this carefully.",
+                "Bonjour!",
+            ),
+            (
+                "empty think (instant mode)",
+                &["<think>", "</think>", "Direct answer."],
+                "",
+                "Direct answer.",
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        for (desc, tokens, expected_reasoning, expected_content) in cases {
+            let mut parser = ReasoningParserType::KimiK25.get_reasoning_parser();
+            let mut all_reasoning = String::new();
+            let mut all_content = String::new();
+            for token in tokens {
+                let r = parser.parse_reasoning_streaming_incremental(token, &[]);
+                all_reasoning.push_str(&r.reasoning_text);
+                all_content.push_str(&r.normal_text);
+            }
+            assert_eq!(
+                all_reasoning, expected_reasoning,
+                "FAILED reasoning: {desc}"
+            );
+            assert_eq!(all_content, expected_content, "FAILED content: {desc}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kimi_k25_parser_lookup_by_name() {
+        // Verify the parser can be looked up by name
+        let mut parser = ReasoningParserType::get_reasoning_parser_from_name("kimi_k25");
+        let result = parser.detect_and_parse_reasoning("<think>thinking</think>answer", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(result.reasoning_text, "thinking");
+        assert_eq!(result.normal_text, "answer");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kimi_vs_kimi_k25_different_tags() {
+        // Kimi (original) uses ◁think▷/◁/think▷, KimiK25 uses <think>/</think>
+        let mut kimi = ReasoningParserType::Kimi.get_reasoning_parser();
+        let mut kimi_k25 = ReasoningParserType::KimiK25.get_reasoning_parser();
+
+        // Kimi original does NOT parse <think> tags
+        let r_kimi = kimi.detect_and_parse_reasoning("<think>reasoning</think>answer", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(r_kimi.normal_text, "<think>reasoning</think>answer");
+        assert_eq!(r_kimi.reasoning_text, "");
+
+        // KimiK25 does parse <think> tags
+        let r_k25 = kimi_k25.detect_and_parse_reasoning("<think>reasoning</think>answer", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(r_k25.reasoning_text, "reasoning");
+        assert_eq!(r_k25.normal_text, "answer");
+    }
 }

lib/parsers/src/tool_calling/config.rs

@@ -130,6 +130,57 @@ impl Default for Glm47ParserConfig {
     }
 }
 
+/// Configuration for Kimi K2 tool call parser
+///
+/// Format:
+/// ```text
+/// <|tool_calls_section_begin|>
+/// <|tool_call_begin|>functions.{name}:{index}<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{json_args}<|tool_call_end|>
+/// <|tool_calls_section_end|>
+/// ```
+///
+/// The model may emit either plural or singular forms of section tokens
+/// (e.g., `<|tool_calls_section_begin|>` or `<|tool_call_section_begin|>`).
+/// Both forms are supported via the `section_start_variants` and `section_end_variants` fields.
+/// See vllm `kimi_k2_tool_parser.py` for reference.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct KimiK2ParserConfig {
+    /// Primary start token for the tool calls section
+    pub section_start: String,
+    /// Primary end token for the tool calls section
+    pub section_end: String,
+    /// All recognized start tokens for the tool calls section (includes singular variants)
+    pub section_start_variants: Vec<String>,
+    /// All recognized end tokens for the tool calls section (includes singular variants)
+    pub section_end_variants: Vec<String>,
+    /// Start token for an individual tool call (e.g., "<|tool_call_begin|>")
+    pub call_start: String,
+    /// End token for an individual tool call (e.g., "<|tool_call_end|>")
+    pub call_end: String,
+    /// Token separating function ID from JSON arguments (e.g., "<|tool_call_argument_begin|>")
+    pub argument_begin: String,
+}
+
+impl Default for KimiK2ParserConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            section_start: "<|tool_calls_section_begin|>".to_string(),
+            section_end: "<|tool_calls_section_end|>".to_string(),
+            section_start_variants: vec![
+                "<|tool_calls_section_begin|>".to_string(),
+                "<|tool_call_section_begin|>".to_string(),
+            ],
+            section_end_variants: vec![
+                "<|tool_calls_section_end|>".to_string(),
+                "<|tool_call_section_end|>".to_string(),
+            ],
+            call_start: "<|tool_call_begin|>".to_string(),
+            call_end: "<|tool_call_end|>".to_string(),
+            argument_begin: "<|tool_call_argument_begin|>".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Parser-specific configuration
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "snake_case")]
@@ -140,6 +191,7 @@ pub enum ParserConfig {
     Harmony(JsonParserConfig),
     Typescript,
     Dsml(DsmlParserConfig),
+    KimiK2(KimiK2ParserConfig),
     Glm47(Glm47ParserConfig),
 }
 
@@ -155,6 +207,7 @@ impl ParserConfig {
             ParserConfig::Typescript => vec![],
             ParserConfig::Dsml(config) => vec![config.function_calls_start.clone()],
             ParserConfig::Glm47(config) => vec![config.tool_call_start.clone()],
+            ParserConfig::KimiK2(config) => config.section_start_variants.clone(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -169,6 +222,7 @@ impl ParserConfig {
             ParserConfig::Typescript => vec![],
             ParserConfig::Dsml(config) => vec![config.function_calls_end.clone()],
             ParserConfig::Glm47(config) => vec![config.tool_call_end.clone()],
+            ParserConfig::KimiK2(config) => config.section_end_variants.clone(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -357,4 +411,15 @@ impl ToolCallConfig {
             parser_config: ParserConfig::Glm47(Glm47ParserConfig::default()),
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn kimi_k2() -> Self {
+        // Kimi K2 format:
+        // <|tool_calls_section_begin|>
+        // <|tool_call_begin|>functions.{name}:{index}<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{json_args}<|tool_call_end|>
+        // <|tool_calls_section_end|>
+        // Reference: https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K2-Instruct/blob/main/docs/tool_call_guidance.md
+        Self {
+            parser_config: ParserConfig::KimiK2(KimiK2ParserConfig::default()),
+        }
+    }
 }

lib/parsers/src/tool_calling/mod.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ pub struct ToolDefinition {
 }
 
 // Re-export main types and functions for convenience
-pub use config::{JsonParserConfig, ParserConfig, ToolCallConfig, XmlParserConfig};
+pub use config::{
+    JsonParserConfig, KimiK2ParserConfig, ParserConfig, ToolCallConfig, XmlParserConfig,
+};
 pub use dsml::try_tool_call_parse_dsml;
 pub use harmony::parse_tool_calls_harmony_complete;
 pub use json::try_tool_call_parse_json;
@@ -34,4 +36,5 @@ pub use parsers::{
 pub use pythonic::try_tool_call_parse_pythonic;
 pub use response::{CalledFunction, ToolCallResponse, ToolCallType};
 pub use tools::{try_tool_call_parse_aggregate, try_tool_call_parse_stream};
+pub use xml::try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2;
 pub use xml::try_tool_call_parse_xml;

lib/parsers/src/tool_calling/parsers.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ use super::pythonic::{
 };
 use super::response::ToolCallResponse;
 use super::xml::{
-    detect_tool_call_start_glm47, detect_tool_call_start_xml, find_tool_call_end_position_glm47,
-    find_tool_call_end_position_xml, try_tool_call_parse_glm47, try_tool_call_parse_xml,
+    detect_tool_call_start_glm47, detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2, detect_tool_call_start_xml,
+    find_tool_call_end_position_glm47, find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2,
+    find_tool_call_end_position_xml, try_tool_call_parse_glm47, try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2,
+    try_tool_call_parse_xml,
 };
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::OnceLock;
@@ -45,6 +47,7 @@ pub fn get_tool_parser_map() -> &'static HashMap<&'static str, ToolCallConfig> {
         map.insert("jamba", ToolCallConfig::jamba());
         map.insert("minimax_m2", ToolCallConfig::minimax_m2());
         map.insert("glm47", ToolCallConfig::glm47());
+        map.insert("kimi_k2", ToolCallConfig::kimi_k2());
         map.insert("default", ToolCallConfig::default());
         map.insert("nemotron_nano", ToolCallConfig::qwen3_coder()); // nemotron nano follows qwen3_coder format
         map
@@ -91,6 +94,11 @@ pub async fn try_tool_call_parse(
                 try_tool_call_parse_glm47(message, glm47_config, tools)?;
             Ok((results, normal_content))
         }
+        ParserConfig::KimiK2(kimi_config) => {
+            let (results, normal_content) =
+                try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(message, kimi_config, tools)?;
+            Ok((results, normal_content))
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -144,6 +152,9 @@ pub fn detect_tool_call_start(chunk: &str, parser_str: Option<&str>) -> anyhow::
             ParserConfig::Glm47(glm47_config) => {
                 Ok(detect_tool_call_start_glm47(chunk, glm47_config))
             }
+            ParserConfig::KimiK2(kimi_config) => {
+                Ok(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(chunk, kimi_config))
+            }
         },
         None => anyhow::bail!(
             "Parser '{}' is not implemented. Available parsers: {:?}",
@@ -184,6 +195,9 @@ pub fn find_tool_call_end_position(chunk: &str, parser_str: Option<&str>) -> usi
             ParserConfig::Glm47(glm47_config) => {
                 find_tool_call_end_position_glm47(chunk, glm47_config)
             }
+            ParserConfig::KimiK2(kimi_config) => {
+                find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2(chunk, kimi_config)
+            }
         },
         None => {
             // Unknown parser, return full content length
@@ -225,6 +239,7 @@ mod tests {
             "nemotron_nano",
             "minimax_m2",
             "glm47",
+            "kimi_k2",
         ];
         for parser in available_parsers {
             assert!(parsers.contains(&parser));

lib/parsers/src/tool_calling/xml/kimi_k2_parser.rs

+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2025-2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Reference implementation:
+// https://github.com/sgl-project/sglang/blob/main/python/sglang/srt/function_call/kimik2_detector.py
+// https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/blob/main/vllm/tool_parsers/kimi_k2_tool_parser.py
+
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+
+use regex::Regex;
+
+use super::super::ToolDefinition;
+use super::super::config::KimiK2ParserConfig;
+use super::response::{CalledFunction, ToolCallResponse, ToolCallType};
+
+static ID_REGEX: OnceLock<Regex> = OnceLock::new();
+
+static TOOL_CALL_REGEX: OnceLock<Regex> = OnceLock::new();
+
+/// Returns the cached regex that captures `function_id` (e.g. `functions.get_weather:0`) and
+/// `arguments` (JSON object) between the configured `call_start`, `argument_begin`, and
+/// `call_end` tokens.
+///
+/// The `function_id` pattern `[\w.]+:\d+` matches the `functions.name:index` format used by
+/// Kimi K2, consistent with sglang/vllm reference implementations.
+fn get_tool_call_regex(config: &KimiK2ParserConfig) -> &'static Regex {
+    TOOL_CALL_REGEX.get_or_init(|| {
+        let pattern = format!(
+            r"(?s){}\s*(?P<function_id>[\w.]+:\d+)\s*{}\s*(?P<arguments>\{{.*?\}})\s*{}",
+            regex::escape(&config.call_start),
+            regex::escape(&config.argument_begin),
+            regex::escape(&config.call_end),
+        );
+        Regex::new(&pattern).expect("Failed to compile kimi k2 tool call regex")
+    })
+}
+
+fn get_id_regex() -> &'static Regex {
+    ID_REGEX.get_or_init(|| {
+        Regex::new(r"^(?:functions\.)?(?P<name>[\w\.]+):(?P<index>\d+)$")
+            .expect("Failed to compile kimi k2 id regex")
+    })
+}
+
+/// Check if a chunk contains the start of a Kimi K2 style tool call.
+/// Detects `<|tool_calls_section_begin|>` (or singular variant) or partial match for streaming.
+pub fn detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(chunk: &str, config: &KimiK2ParserConfig) -> bool {
+    for start_token in &config.section_start_variants {
+        debug_assert!(
+            start_token.is_ascii(),
+            "Kimi K2 section tokens must be ASCII for safe byte slicing, got: {start_token:?}"
+        );
+
+        // Check for complete start token.
+        if chunk.contains(start_token.as_str()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Check for partial match at the end of the chunk (for streaming).
+        for i in 1..start_token.len() {
+            if chunk.ends_with(&start_token[..i]) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    false
+}
+
+/// Returns the position after `<|tool_calls_section_end|>` (or singular variant) or the length
+/// of the chunk if not found.
+pub fn find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2(chunk: &str, config: &KimiK2ParserConfig) -> usize {
+    // Find the earliest matching end token variant.
+    let mut earliest: Option<usize> = None;
+    for end_token in &config.section_end_variants {
+        if let Some(pos) = chunk.find(end_token.as_str()) {
+            let end_pos = pos + end_token.len();
+            earliest = Some(earliest.map_or(end_pos, |e: usize| e.min(end_pos)));
+        }
+    }
+    earliest.unwrap_or(chunk.len())
+}
+
+/// Format:
+/// ```text
+/// <|tool_calls_section_begin|>
+/// <|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|>
+/// <|tool_calls_section_end|>
+/// ```
+///
+/// Returns (parsed_tool_calls, normal_text_content)
+pub fn try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(
+    message: &str,
+    config: &KimiK2ParserConfig,
+    tools: Option<&[ToolDefinition]>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<(Vec<ToolCallResponse>, Option<String>)> {
+    let (normal_text, tool_calls) = extract_tool_calls(message, config, tools)?;
+
+    let normal_content = if normal_text.is_empty() {
+        Some("".to_string())
+    } else {
+        Some(normal_text)
+    };
+
+    Ok((tool_calls, normal_content))
+}
+
+/// Find the first occurrence of any section start variant in `text[cursor..]`.
+/// Returns `(relative_position, matched_token_length)` or `None`.
+fn find_section_start(
+    text: &str,
+    cursor: usize,
+    config: &KimiK2ParserConfig,
+) -> Option<(usize, usize)> {
+    let mut best: Option<(usize, usize)> = None;
+    for variant in &config.section_start_variants {
+        if let Some(pos) = text[cursor..].find(variant.as_str())
+            && best.is_none_or(|(bp, _)| pos < bp)
+        {
+            best = Some((pos, variant.len()));
+        }
+    }
+    best
+}
+
+/// Find the first occurrence of any section end variant in `text[from..]`.
+/// Returns `(relative_position, matched_token_length)` or `None`.
+fn find_section_end(
+    text: &str,
+    from: usize,
+    config: &KimiK2ParserConfig,
+) -> Option<(usize, usize)> {
+    let mut best: Option<(usize, usize)> = None;
+    for variant in &config.section_end_variants {
+        if let Some(pos) = text[from..].find(variant.as_str())
+            && best.is_none_or(|(bp, _)| pos < bp)
+        {
+            best = Some((pos, variant.len()));
+        }
+    }
+    best
+}
+
+/// Extract tool calls and normal text from message.
+fn extract_tool_calls(
+    text: &str,
+    config: &KimiK2ParserConfig,
+    tools: Option<&[ToolDefinition]>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<(String, Vec<ToolCallResponse>)> {
+    let mut normal_parts = Vec::new();
+    let mut calls = Vec::new();
+    let mut cursor = 0;
+
+    while cursor < text.len() {
+        if let Some((start_pos, _start_len)) = find_section_start(text, cursor, config) {
+            let abs_start = cursor + start_pos;
+
+            // Add text before tool call section to normal parts.
+            normal_parts.push(&text[cursor..abs_start]);
+
+            if let Some((end_pos, end_len)) = find_section_end(text, abs_start, config) {
+                let abs_end = abs_start + end_pos + end_len;
+                let block = &text[abs_start..abs_end];
+
+                // Parse individual tool calls within this section block.
+                if let Ok(mut parsed_calls) = parse_section_block(block, config, tools) {
+                    calls.append(&mut parsed_calls);
+                }
+
+                cursor = abs_end;
+            } else {
+                // No end token found -> treat the rest as normal text.
+                normal_parts.push(&text[abs_start..]);
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // No more tool call sections.
+            normal_parts.push(&text[cursor..]);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let normal_text = normal_parts.join("").trim().to_string();
+    Ok((normal_text, calls))
+}
+
+/// Parse a tool calls section block, extracting individual tool calls.
+///
+/// The block is between `<|tool_calls_section_begin|>` and `<|tool_calls_section_end|>`.
+/// Each individual call is between `<|tool_call_begin|>` and `<|tool_call_end|>`.
+fn parse_section_block(
+    block: &str,
+    config: &KimiK2ParserConfig,
+    tools: Option<&[ToolDefinition]>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<ToolCallResponse>> {
+    let tool_call_regex = get_tool_call_regex(config);
+    let id_regex = get_id_regex();
+
+    let mut results = Vec::new();
+
+    for cap in tool_call_regex.captures_iter(block) {
+        let function_id = cap
+            .name("function_id")
+            .map(|m| m.as_str().trim())
+            .unwrap_or("");
+        let arguments_raw = cap
+            .name("arguments")
+            .map(|m| m.as_str().trim())
+            .unwrap_or("{}");
+
+        // Parse function ID
+        let function_name = if let Some(id_cap) = id_regex.captures(function_id) {
+            id_cap
+                .name("name")
+                .map(|m| m.as_str().to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+        } else {
+            // Fallback: use the whole ID as the function name
+            tracing::warn!(
+                "Unexpected tool_call_id format: '{}', using as-is",
+                function_id
+            );
+            function_id.to_string()
+        };
+
+        if function_name.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Validate function name against tools if provided
+        if let Some(tools) = tools
+            && !tools.iter().any(|t| t.name == function_name)
+        {
+            tracing::warn!("Tool '{}' is not defined in the tools list.", function_name);
+        }
+
+        // Validate JSON arguments
+        let arguments_json = match serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(arguments_raw) {
+            Ok(val) => serde_json::to_string(&val)?,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::warn!(
+                    "Failed to parse JSON arguments for tool '{}': {}. Using raw string.",
+                    function_name,
+                    e,
+                );
+                arguments_raw.to_string()
+            }
+        };
+
+        // NOTE: Unlike other parsers (XML, DSML) which generate `call-{UUID}` IDs,
+        // we preserve the model's native function_id (e.g., "functions.bash:0") here.
+        // This matches the behavior of vllm/sglang and is required for Kimi K2 compatibility.
+        let tool_call = ToolCallResponse {
+            id: function_id.to_string(),
+            tp: ToolCallType::Function,
+            function: CalledFunction {
+                name: function_name,
+                arguments: arguments_json,
+            },
+        };
+
+        results.push(tool_call);
+    }
+
+    Ok(results)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn default_config() -> KimiK2ParserConfig {
+        KimiK2ParserConfig::default()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_tool_call_start() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(
+            "<|tool_calls_section_begin|>",
+            &config
+        ));
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(
+            "text <|tool_calls_section_begin|>",
+            &config
+        ));
+        // Partial match at end
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2("<|tool_calls_sec", &config));
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2("<|", &config));
+        // No match
+        assert!(!detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(
+            "no tool call here",
+            &config
+        ));
+        assert!(!detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2("toolcall", &config));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_find_tool_call_end_position() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let text = "<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.test:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>more text";
+        let pos = find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2(text, &config);
+        assert_eq!(&text[pos..], "more text");
+
+        let text_no_end = "<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.test:0";
+        let pos = find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2(text_no_end, &config);
+        assert_eq!(pos, text_no_end.len());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_simple_tool_call() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some("".to_string()));
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args["location"], "NYC");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_multiple_args() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"San Francisco, CA","unit":"fahrenheit"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args["location"], "San Francisco, CA");
+        assert_eq!(args["unit"], "fahrenheit");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_multiple_tool_calls() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_time:1<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"timezone":"EST"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+        assert_eq!(calls[1].function.name, "get_time");
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some("".to_string()));
+
+        let args0: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        let args1: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[1].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args0["location"], "NYC");
+        assert_eq!(args1["timezone"], "EST");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_with_normal_text() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"I'll help you with that. <|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"Dallas"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|> Let me check."#;
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+        assert_eq!(
+            normal,
+            Some("I'll help you with that.  Let me check.".to_string())
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_no_arg_call() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_current_time:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_current_time");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert!(args.as_object().unwrap().is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_no_tool_calls() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = "This is just normal text without any tool calls.";
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some(input.to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_without_functions_prefix() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        // Some models may emit without the "functions." prefix
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_with_tool_validation() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let tools = vec![ToolDefinition {
+            name: "get_weather".to_string(),
+            parameters: Some(serde_json::json!({
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {
+                    "location": {"type": "string"}
+                }
+            })),
+        }];
+
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, Some(&tools)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_malformed_no_section_end() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|>"#;
+
+        // Should handle gracefully - section_end not found so whole text is treated as normal
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            calls.len(),
+            0,
+            "No tool calls should be parsed without section end"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            normal,
+            Some(input.to_string()),
+            "Input should be preserved as normal text"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_with_whitespace() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = "<|tool_calls_section_begin|>\n<|tool_call_begin|> functions.search:0 <|tool_call_argument_begin|> {\"query\":\"rust programming\"} <|tool_call_end|>\n<|tool_calls_section_end|>";
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "search");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args["query"], "rust programming");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_complex_json_arguments() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.process_data:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"items":[1,2,3],"config":{"nested":true}}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "process_data");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args["items"], serde_json::json!([1, 2, 3]));
+        assert_eq!(args["config"]["nested"], true);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_deeply_nested_json_multiple_calls() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        // Multiple tool calls with deeply nested JSON - stress test for regex backtracking
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.create_config:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"database":{"primary":{"host":"db1.example.com","port":5432,"options":{"ssl":true,"pool":{"min":5,"max":20}}},"replica":{"host":"db2.example.com","port":5432}},"features":["auth","logging"]}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.deploy:1<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"env":"production","services":[{"name":"api","replicas":3,"config":{"memory":"2Gi","cpu":"1000m"}},{"name":"worker","replicas":2,"config":{"memory":"4Gi","cpu":"2000m"}}]}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.notify:2<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"channels":["slack","email"],"message":"Deployment started"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 3);
+
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "create_config");
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].id, "functions.create_config:0");
+        let args0: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args0["database"]["primary"]["options"]["pool"]["max"], 20);
+
+        assert_eq!(calls[1].function.name, "deploy");
+        assert_eq!(calls[1].id, "functions.deploy:1");
+        let args1: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[1].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args1["services"][0]["config"]["memory"], "2Gi");
+
+        assert_eq!(calls[2].function.name, "notify");
+        assert_eq!(calls[2].id, "functions.notify:2");
+        let args2: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[2].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args2["channels"], serde_json::json!(["slack", "email"]));
+
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some("".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_singular_section_start() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        // Singular variant: <|tool_call_section_begin|> (without 's')
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(
+            "<|tool_call_section_begin|>",
+            &config
+        ));
+        // Partial match of singular variant
+        assert!(detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2(
+            "text <|tool_call_section_b",
+            &config
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_with_singular_section_tokens() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        // Use singular form: tool_call_section_begin/end (without 's')
+        let input = r#"<|tool_call_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"location":"NYC"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some("".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_find_end_position_singular_variant() {
+        let config = default_config();
+        // Singular variant end token
+        let text = "<|tool_call_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.test:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_section_end|>more text";
+        let pos = find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2(text, &config);
+        assert_eq!(&text[pos..], "more text");
+    }
+
+    // --- Tests inspired by vllm/sglang coverage gaps ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_invalid_json_falls_back_to_raw_string() {
+        // vllm: test_extract_tool_calls_invalid_json
+        // Invalid JSON in arguments should fall back to raw string, not panic
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{invalid json here}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "get_weather");
+        // Arguments should be preserved as raw string since JSON parsing failed
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.arguments, "{invalid json here}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_invalid_function_id_rejected_by_regex() {
+        // vllm: test_extract_tool_calls_invalid_funcall
+        // sglang: test_invalid_tool_call
+        // After C2 fix, function_id regex requires [\w.]+:\d+ — IDs without :digit are rejected
+        let config = default_config();
+
+        // No colon+digit suffix at all
+        let input1 = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>just_a_name<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"key":"val"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input1, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 0, "ID without :digit should be rejected");
+
+        // Colon but non-digit suffix
+        let input2 = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.get_weather:abc<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"key":"val"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input2, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 0, "ID with :non-digit should be rejected");
+
+        // Multiple colons (garbage)
+        let input3 = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>:::0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"key":"val"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input3, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 0, "Garbage ID should be rejected");
+
+        // Valid call mixed with invalid — only valid should be extracted
+        let input4 = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>no_colon<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"a":"b"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.valid:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"x":"y"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input4, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1, "Only valid call should be extracted");
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "valid");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_angle_brackets_in_json_arguments() {
+        // vllm: angle_brackets_in_json
+        // JSON values containing <tag> constructs should not confuse the parser,
+        // since Kimi markers use <| prefix which is distinct from bare <
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = r#"<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.render_html:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{"template":"<div class=\"main\"><h1>Title</h1><p>Content</p></div>","format":"html"}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>"#;
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "render_html");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert!(args["template"].as_str().unwrap().contains("<div"));
+        assert!(args["template"].as_str().unwrap().contains("</div>"));
+        assert_eq!(args["format"], "html");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_three_concatenated_calls_no_spacing() {
+        // vllm: concatenated_tool_calls_bug_fix, three_concatenated_tool_calls
+        // Three tool calls concatenated with zero whitespace between them
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = "<|tool_calls_section_begin|>\
+            <|tool_call_begin|>functions.search:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{\"q\":\"rust\"}<|tool_call_end|>\
+            <|tool_call_begin|>functions.search:1<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{\"q\":\"python\"}<|tool_call_end|>\
+            <|tool_call_begin|>functions.search:2<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{\"q\":\"go\"}<|tool_call_end|>\
+            <|tool_calls_section_end|>";
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "search");
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].id, "functions.search:0");
+        assert_eq!(calls[1].function.name, "search");
+        assert_eq!(calls[1].id, "functions.search:1");
+        assert_eq!(calls[2].function.name, "search");
+        assert_eq!(calls[2].id, "functions.search:2");
+
+        let a0: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        let a1: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[1].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        let a2: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[2].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(a0["q"], "rust");
+        assert_eq!(a1["q"], "python");
+        assert_eq!(a2["q"], "go");
+        assert_eq!(normal, Some("".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_newlines_in_json_arguments() {
+        // vllm: newlines_in_json
+        // Multi-line formatted JSON arguments (model may emit pretty-printed JSON)
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = "<|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_call_begin|>functions.create_user:0<|tool_call_argument_begin|>{\n  \"name\": \"John Doe\",\n  \"address\": {\n    \"street\": \"123 Main St\",\n    \"city\": \"Springfield\"\n  },\n  \"tags\": [\n    \"admin\",\n    \"active\"\n  ]\n}<|tool_call_end|><|tool_calls_section_end|>";
+
+        let (calls, _) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(calls[0].function.name, "create_user");
+
+        let args: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&calls[0].function.arguments).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args["name"], "John Doe");
+        assert_eq!(args["address"]["city"], "Springfield");
+        assert_eq!(args["tags"], serde_json::json!(["admin", "active"]));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_empty_tool_section() {
+        // vllm: test_empty_tool_section
+        // Section begin immediately followed by section end, no tool calls inside
+        let config = default_config();
+        let input = "Here is my answer. <|tool_calls_section_begin|><|tool_calls_section_end|> And more text.";
+
+        let (calls, normal) = try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2(input, &config, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.len(), 0, "Empty section should produce no tool calls");
+        assert_eq!(
+            normal,
+            Some("Here is my answer.  And more text.".to_string()),
+            "Text around empty section should be preserved"
+        );
+    }
+}

lib/parsers/src/tool_calling/xml/mod.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,17 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 mod glm47_parser;
+mod kimi_k2_parser;
 mod parser;
 
 pub use super::response;
 pub use glm47_parser::{
     detect_tool_call_start_glm47, find_tool_call_end_position_glm47, try_tool_call_parse_glm47,
 };
+pub use kimi_k2_parser::{
+    detect_tool_call_start_kimi_k2, find_tool_call_end_position_kimi_k2,
+    try_tool_call_parse_kimi_k2,
+};
 pub use parser::{
     detect_tool_call_start_xml, find_tool_call_end_position_xml, try_tool_call_parse_xml,
 };