/*!
 *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
 * \file array/cpu/spmat_op_impl.cc
 * \brief Sparse matrix operator CPU implementation
 */
#include <dgl/array.h>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <numeric>
#include "array_utils.h"

namespace dgl {

using runtime::NDArray;

namespace aten {
namespace impl {

///////////////////////////// CSRIsNonZero /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
bool CSRIsNonZero(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t row, int64_t col) {
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  if (csr.sorted) {
    const IdType *start = indices_data + indptr_data[row];
    const IdType *end = indices_data + indptr_data[row + 1];
    return std::binary_search(start, end, col);
  } else {
    for (IdType i = indptr_data[row]; i < indptr_data[row + 1]; ++i) {
      if (indices_data[i] == col) {
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

template bool CSRIsNonZero<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);
template bool CSRIsNonZero<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRIsNonZero(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray row, NDArray col) {
  const auto rowlen = row->shape[0];
  const auto collen = col->shape[0];
  const auto rstlen = std::max(rowlen, collen);
  NDArray rst = NDArray::Empty({rstlen}, row->dtype, row->ctx);
  IdType* rst_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rst->data);
  const IdType* row_data = static_cast<IdType*>(row->data);
  const IdType* col_data = static_cast<IdType*>(col->data);
  const int64_t row_stride = (rowlen == 1 && collen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  const int64_t col_stride = (collen == 1 && rowlen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  for (int64_t i = 0, j = 0; i < rowlen && j < collen; i += row_stride, j += col_stride) {
    *(rst_data++) = CSRIsNonZero<XPU, IdType>(csr, row_data[i], col_data[j])? 1 : 0;
  }
  return rst;
}

template NDArray CSRIsNonZero<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, NDArray, NDArray);
template NDArray CSRIsNonZero<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, NDArray, NDArray);

///////////////////////////// CSRHasDuplicate /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
bool CSRHasDuplicate(CSRMatrix csr) {
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  for (IdType src = 0; src < csr.num_rows; ++src) {
    std::unordered_set<IdType> hashmap;
    for (IdType eid = indptr_data[src]; eid < indptr_data[src+1]; ++eid) {
      const IdType dst = indices_data[eid];
      if (hashmap.count(dst)) {
        return true;
      } else {
        hashmap.insert(dst);
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

template bool CSRHasDuplicate<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr);
template bool CSRHasDuplicate<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr);

///////////////////////////// CSRGetRowNNZ /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
int64_t CSRGetRowNNZ(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t row) {
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  return indptr_data[row + 1] - indptr_data[row];
}

template int64_t CSRGetRowNNZ<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);
template int64_t CSRGetRowNNZ<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRGetRowNNZ(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows) {
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, rows);
  const auto len = rows->shape[0];
  const IdType* vid_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rows->data);
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  NDArray rst = NDArray::Empty({len}, rows->dtype, rows->ctx);
  IdType* rst_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rst->data);
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    const auto vid = vid_data[i];
    rst_data[i] = indptr_data[vid + 1] - indptr_data[vid];
  }
  return rst;
}

template NDArray CSRGetRowNNZ<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, NDArray);
template NDArray CSRGetRowNNZ<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, NDArray);

///////////////////////////// CSRGetRowColumnIndices /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRGetRowColumnIndices(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t row) {
  const int64_t len = impl::CSRGetRowNNZ<XPU, IdType>(csr, row);
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const int64_t offset = indptr_data[row] * sizeof(IdType);
  return csr.indices.CreateView({len}, csr.indices->dtype, offset);
}

template NDArray CSRGetRowColumnIndices<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);
template NDArray CSRGetRowColumnIndices<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);

///////////////////////////// CSRGetRowData /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRGetRowData(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t row) {
  const int64_t len = impl::CSRGetRowNNZ<XPU, IdType>(csr, row);
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const int64_t offset = indptr_data[row] * sizeof(IdType);
  if (CSRHasData(csr))
    return csr.data.CreateView({len}, csr.data->dtype, offset);
  else
    return aten::Range(offset, offset + len, csr.indptr->dtype.bits, csr.indptr->ctx);
}

template NDArray CSRGetRowData<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);
template NDArray CSRGetRowData<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t);

///////////////////////////// CSRGetData /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
void CollectDataFromSorted(const IdType *indices_data, const IdType *data,
                           const IdType start, const IdType end, const IdType col,
                           std::vector<IdType> *ret_vec) {
  const IdType *start_ptr = indices_data + start;
  const IdType *end_ptr = indices_data + end;
  auto it = std::lower_bound(start_ptr, end_ptr, col);
  // This might be a multi-graph. We need to collect all of the matched
  // columns.
  for (; it != end_ptr; it++) {
    // If the col exist
    if (*it == col) {
      IdType idx = it - indices_data;
      ret_vec->push_back(data? data[idx] : idx);
    } else {
      // If we find a column that is different, we can stop searching now.
      break;
    }
  }
}

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRGetData(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t row, int64_t col) {
  std::vector<IdType> ret_vec;
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* data = CSRHasData(csr)? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;
  if (csr.sorted) {
    CollectDataFromSorted<XPU, IdType>(indices_data, data,
                                       indptr_data[row], indptr_data[row + 1],
                                       col, &ret_vec);
  } else {
    for (IdType i = indptr_data[row]; i < indptr_data[row+1]; ++i) {
      if (indices_data[i] == col) {
        ret_vec.push_back(data? data[i] : i);
      }
    }
  }
  return NDArray::FromVector(ret_vec, csr.data->ctx);
}

template NDArray CSRGetData<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);
template NDArray CSRGetData<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
NDArray CSRGetData(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols) {
  const int64_t rowlen = rows->shape[0];
  const int64_t collen = cols->shape[0];

  CHECK((rowlen == collen) || (rowlen == 1) || (collen == 1))
    << "Invalid row and col id array.";

  const int64_t row_stride = (rowlen == 1 && collen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  const int64_t col_stride = (collen == 1 && rowlen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  const IdType* row_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rows->data);
  const IdType* col_data = static_cast<IdType*>(cols->data);

  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* data = CSRHasData(csr)? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;

  std::vector<IdType> ret_vec;

  for (int64_t i = 0, j = 0; i < rowlen && j < collen; i += row_stride, j += col_stride) {
    const IdType row_id = row_data[i], col_id = col_data[j];
    CHECK(row_id >= 0 && row_id < csr.num_rows) << "Invalid row index: " << row_id;
    CHECK(col_id >= 0 && col_id < csr.num_cols) << "Invalid col index: " << col_id;
    if (csr.sorted) {
      CollectDataFromSorted<XPU, IdType>(indices_data, data,
                                         indptr_data[row_id], indptr_data[row_id + 1],
                                         col_id, &ret_vec);
    } else {
      for (IdType i = indptr_data[row_id]; i < indptr_data[row_id+1]; ++i) {
        if (indices_data[i] == col_id) {
          ret_vec.push_back(data? data[i] : i);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return NDArray::FromVector(ret_vec, csr.data->ctx);
}

template NDArray CSRGetData<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols);
template NDArray CSRGetData<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols);

///////////////////////////// CSRGetDataAndIndices /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
void CollectDataIndicesFromSorted(const IdType *indices_data, const IdType *data,
                                  const IdType start, const IdType end, const IdType col,
                                  std::vector<IdType> *col_vec,
                                  std::vector<IdType> *ret_vec) {
  const IdType *start_ptr = indices_data + start;
  const IdType *end_ptr = indices_data + end;
  auto it = std::lower_bound(start_ptr, end_ptr, col);
  // This might be a multi-graph. We need to collect all of the matched
  // columns.
  for (; it != end_ptr; it++) {
    // If the col exist
    if (*it == col) {
      IdType idx = it - indices_data;
      col_vec->push_back(indices_data[idx]);
      ret_vec->push_back(data[idx]);
    } else {
      // If we find a column that is different, we can stop searching now.
      break;
    }
  }
}

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
std::vector<NDArray> CSRGetDataAndIndices(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols) {
  // TODO(minjie): more efficient implementation for matrix without duplicate entries
  const int64_t rowlen = rows->shape[0];
  const int64_t collen = cols->shape[0];

  CHECK((rowlen == collen) || (rowlen == 1) || (collen == 1))
    << "Invalid row and col id array.";

  const int64_t row_stride = (rowlen == 1 && collen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  const int64_t col_stride = (collen == 1 && rowlen != 1) ? 0 : 1;
  const IdType* row_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rows->data);
  const IdType* col_data = static_cast<IdType*>(cols->data);

  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* data = CSRHasData(csr)? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;

  std::vector<IdType> ret_rows, ret_cols;
  std::vector<IdType> ret_data;

  for (int64_t i = 0, j = 0; i < rowlen && j < collen; i += row_stride, j += col_stride) {
    const IdType row_id = row_data[i], col_id = col_data[j];
    CHECK(row_id >= 0 && row_id < csr.num_rows) << "Invalid row index: " << row_id;
    CHECK(col_id >= 0 && col_id < csr.num_cols) << "Invalid col index: " << col_id;
    if (csr.sorted) {
      // Here we collect col indices and data.
      CollectDataIndicesFromSorted<XPU, IdType>(indices_data, data,
                                                indptr_data[row_id],
                                                indptr_data[row_id + 1],
                                                col_id, &ret_cols,
                                                &ret_data);
      // We need to add row Ids.
      while (ret_rows.size() < ret_data.size()) {
        ret_rows.push_back(row_id);
      }
    } else {
      for (IdType i = indptr_data[row_id]; i < indptr_data[row_id+1]; ++i) {
        if (indices_data[i] == col_id) {
          ret_rows.push_back(row_id);
          ret_cols.push_back(col_id);
          ret_data.push_back(data? data[i] : i);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return {NDArray::FromVector(ret_rows, csr.indptr->ctx),
          NDArray::FromVector(ret_cols, csr.indptr->ctx),
          NDArray::FromVector(ret_data, csr.data->ctx)};
}

template std::vector<NDArray> CSRGetDataAndIndices<kDLCPU, int32_t>(
    CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols);
template std::vector<NDArray> CSRGetDataAndIndices<kDLCPU, int64_t>(
    CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows, NDArray cols);

///////////////////////////// CSRTranspose /////////////////////////////

// for a matrix of shape (N, M) and NNZ
// complexity: time O(NNZ + max(N, M)), space O(1)
template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
CSRMatrix CSRTranspose(CSRMatrix csr) {
  const int64_t N = csr.num_rows;
  const int64_t M = csr.num_cols;
  const int64_t nnz = csr.indices->shape[0];
  const IdType* Ap = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* Aj = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* Ax = CSRHasData(csr)? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;
  NDArray ret_indptr = NDArray::Empty({M + 1}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indptr->ctx);
  NDArray ret_indices = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  NDArray ret_data = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indptr->ctx);
  IdType* Bp = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_indptr->data);
  IdType* Bi = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_indices->data);
  IdType* Bx = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_data->data);

  std::fill(Bp, Bp + M, 0);

  for (int64_t j = 0; j < nnz; ++j) {
    Bp[Aj[j]]++;
  }

  // cumsum
  for (int64_t i = 0, cumsum = 0; i < M; ++i) {
    const IdType temp = Bp[i];
    Bp[i] = cumsum;
    cumsum += temp;
  }
  Bp[M] = nnz;

  for (int64_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
    for (IdType j = Ap[i]; j < Ap[i+1]; ++j) {
      const IdType dst = Aj[j];
      Bi[Bp[dst]] = i;
      Bx[Bp[dst]] = Ax? Ax[j] : j;
      Bp[dst]++;
    }
  }

  // correct the indptr
  for (int64_t i = 0, last = 0; i <= M; ++i) {
    IdType temp = Bp[i];
    Bp[i] = last;
    last = temp;
  }

  return CSRMatrix{csr.num_cols, csr.num_rows, ret_indptr, ret_indices, ret_data};
}

template CSRMatrix CSRTranspose<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr);
template CSRMatrix CSRTranspose<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr);

///////////////////////////// CSRToCOO /////////////////////////////
template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
COOMatrix CSRToCOO(CSRMatrix csr) {
  const int64_t nnz = csr.indices->shape[0];
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  NDArray ret_row = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  IdType* ret_row_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_row->data);
  for (IdType i = 0; i < csr.indptr->shape[0] - 1; ++i) {
    std::fill(ret_row_data + indptr_data[i],
              ret_row_data + indptr_data[i + 1],
              i);
  }
  return COOMatrix{csr.num_rows, csr.num_cols, ret_row, csr.indices, csr.data};
}

template COOMatrix CSRToCOO<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr);
template COOMatrix CSRToCOO<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr);

// complexity: time O(NNZ), space O(1)
template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
COOMatrix CSRToCOODataAsOrder(CSRMatrix csr) {
  const int64_t N = csr.num_rows;
  const int64_t M = csr.num_cols;
  const int64_t nnz = csr.indices->shape[0];
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  // data array should have the same type as the indices arrays
  const IdType* data = CSRHasData(csr) ? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;
  NDArray ret_row = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  NDArray ret_col = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  IdType* ret_row_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_row->data);
  IdType* ret_col_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_col->data);
  // scatter using the indices in the data array
  for (IdType row = 0; row < N; ++row) {
    for (IdType j = indptr_data[row]; j < indptr_data[row + 1]; ++j) {
      const IdType col = indices_data[j];
      ret_row_data[data ? data[j] : j] = row;
      ret_col_data[data ? data[j] : j] = col;
    }
  }
  return COOMatrix(N, M, ret_row, ret_col);
}

template COOMatrix CSRToCOODataAsOrder<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr);
template COOMatrix CSRToCOODataAsOrder<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr);

///////////////////////////// CSRSliceRows /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows(CSRMatrix csr, int64_t start, int64_t end) {
  const IdType* indptr = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const int64_t num_rows = end - start;
  const int64_t nnz = indptr[end] - indptr[start];
  IdArray ret_indptr = IdArray::Empty({num_rows + 1}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  IdType* r_indptr = static_cast<IdType*>(ret_indptr->data);
  for (int64_t i = start; i < end + 1; ++i) {
    r_indptr[i - start] = indptr[i] - indptr[start];
  }
  // indices and data can be view arrays
  IdArray ret_indices = csr.indices.CreateView(
      {nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, indptr[start] * sizeof(IdType));
  IdArray ret_data;
  if (CSRHasData(csr))
    ret_data = csr.data.CreateView({nnz}, csr.data->dtype, indptr[start] * sizeof(IdType));
  else
    ret_data = aten::Range(indptr[start], indptr[end],
                           csr.indptr->dtype.bits, csr.indptr->ctx);
  return CSRMatrix(num_rows, csr.num_cols,
                   ret_indptr, ret_indices, ret_data,
                   csr.sorted);
}

template CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);
template CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix, int64_t, int64_t);

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows(CSRMatrix csr, NDArray rows) {
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, rows);
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* data = CSRHasData(csr)? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;
  const auto len = rows->shape[0];
  const IdType* rows_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rows->data);
  int64_t nnz = 0;
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    IdType vid = rows_data[i];
    nnz += impl::CSRGetRowNNZ<XPU, IdType>(csr, vid);
  }

  CSRMatrix ret;
  ret.num_rows = len;
  ret.num_cols = csr.num_cols;
  ret.indptr = NDArray::Empty({len + 1}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  ret.indices = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  ret.data = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indptr->ctx);
  ret.sorted = csr.sorted;

  IdType* ret_indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret.indptr->data);
  IdType* ret_indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret.indices->data);
  IdType* ret_data = static_cast<IdType*>(ret.data->data);
  ret_indptr_data[0] = 0;
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    const IdType rid = rows_data[i];
    // note: zero is allowed
    ret_indptr_data[i + 1] = ret_indptr_data[i] + indptr_data[rid + 1] - indptr_data[rid];
    std::copy(indices_data + indptr_data[rid], indices_data + indptr_data[rid + 1],
              ret_indices_data + ret_indptr_data[i]);
    if (data)
      std::copy(data + indptr_data[rid], data + indptr_data[rid + 1],
                ret_data + ret_indptr_data[i]);
    else
      std::iota(ret_data + ret_indptr_data[i], ret_data + ret_indptr_data[i + 1],
                indptr_data[rid]);
  }
  return ret;
}

template CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix , NDArray);
template CSRMatrix CSRSliceRows<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix , NDArray);

///////////////////////////// CSRSliceMatrix /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
CSRMatrix CSRSliceMatrix(CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray rows, runtime::NDArray cols) {
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, rows);
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, cols);
  IdHashMap<IdType> hashmap(cols);
  const int64_t new_nrows = rows->shape[0];
  const int64_t new_ncols = cols->shape[0];
  const IdType* rows_data = static_cast<IdType*>(rows->data);
  const bool has_data = CSRHasData(csr);

  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* data = has_data? static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data) : nullptr;

  std::vector<IdType> sub_indptr, sub_indices;
  std::vector<IdType> sub_data;
  sub_indptr.resize(new_nrows + 1, 0);
  const IdType kInvalidId = new_ncols + 1;
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < new_nrows; ++i) {
    // NOTE: newi == i
    const IdType oldi = rows_data[i];
    CHECK(oldi >= 0 && oldi < csr.num_rows) << "Invalid row index: " << oldi;
    for (IdType p = indptr_data[oldi]; p < indptr_data[oldi + 1]; ++p) {
      const IdType oldj = indices_data[p];
      const IdType newj = hashmap.Map(oldj, kInvalidId);
      if (newj != kInvalidId) {
        ++sub_indptr[i];
        sub_indices.push_back(newj);
        sub_data.push_back(has_data? data[p] : p);
      }
    }
  }

  // cumsum sub_indptr
  for (int64_t i = 0, cumsum = 0; i < new_nrows; ++i) {
    const IdType temp = sub_indptr[i];
    sub_indptr[i] = cumsum;
    cumsum += temp;
  }
  sub_indptr[new_nrows] = sub_indices.size();

  const int64_t nnz = sub_data.size();
  NDArray sub_data_arr = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indptr->ctx);
  IdType* ptr = static_cast<IdType*>(sub_data_arr->data);
  std::copy(sub_data.begin(), sub_data.end(), ptr);
  return CSRMatrix{new_nrows, new_ncols,
    NDArray::FromVector(sub_indptr, csr.indptr->ctx),
    NDArray::FromVector(sub_indices, csr.indptr->ctx),
    sub_data_arr};
}

template CSRMatrix CSRSliceMatrix<kDLCPU, int32_t>(
    CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray rows, runtime::NDArray cols);
template CSRMatrix CSRSliceMatrix<kDLCPU, int64_t>(
    CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray rows, runtime::NDArray cols);

///////////////////////////// CSRSort /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
void CSRSort_(CSRMatrix* csr) {
  typedef std::pair<IdType, IdType> ShufflePair;
  const int64_t num_rows = csr->num_rows;
  const int64_t nnz = csr->indices->shape[0];
  const IdType* indptr_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr->indptr->data);
  IdType* indices_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr->indices->data);
  if (!CSRHasData(*csr)) {
    csr->data = aten::Range(0, nnz, csr->indptr->dtype.bits, csr->indptr->ctx);
  }
  IdType* eid_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr->data->data);
#pragma omp parallel
  {
    std::vector<ShufflePair> reorder_vec;
#pragma omp for
    for (int64_t row = 0; row < num_rows; row++) {
      const int64_t num_cols = indptr_data[row + 1] - indptr_data[row];
      IdType *col = indices_data + indptr_data[row];
      IdType *eid = eid_data + indptr_data[row];

      reorder_vec.resize(num_cols);
      for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_cols; i++) {
        reorder_vec[i].first = col[i];
        reorder_vec[i].second = eid[i];
      }
      std::sort(reorder_vec.begin(), reorder_vec.end(),
                [](const ShufflePair &e1, const ShufflePair &e2) {
                  return e1.first < e2.first;
                });
      for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_cols; i++) {
        col[i] = reorder_vec[i].first;
        eid[i] = reorder_vec[i].second;
      }
    }
  }
  csr->sorted = true;
}

template void CSRSort_<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix* csr);
template void CSRSort_<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix* csr);

///////////////////////////// CSRReorder /////////////////////////////

template <DLDeviceType XPU, typename IdType>
CSRMatrix CSRReorder(CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray new_row_id_arr,
                     runtime::NDArray new_col_id_arr) {
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, new_row_id_arr);
  CHECK_SAME_DTYPE(csr.indices, new_col_id_arr);

  // Input CSR
  const IdType* in_indptr = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indptr->data);
  const IdType* in_indices = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.indices->data);
  const IdType* in_data = static_cast<IdType*>(csr.data->data);
  int64_t num_rows = csr.num_rows;
  int64_t num_cols = csr.num_cols;
  int64_t nnz = csr.indices->shape[0];
  CHECK_EQ(nnz, in_indptr[num_rows]);
  CHECK_EQ(num_rows, new_row_id_arr->shape[0])
      << "The new row Id array needs to be the same as the number of rows of CSR";
  CHECK_EQ(num_cols, new_col_id_arr->shape[0])
      << "The new col Id array needs to be the same as the number of cols of CSR";

  // New row/col Ids.
  const IdType* new_row_ids = static_cast<IdType*>(new_row_id_arr->data);
  const IdType* new_col_ids = static_cast<IdType*>(new_col_id_arr->data);

  // Output CSR
  NDArray out_indptr_arr = NDArray::Empty({num_rows + 1}, csr.indptr->dtype, csr.indptr->ctx);
  NDArray out_indices_arr = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.indices->dtype, csr.indices->ctx);
  NDArray out_data_arr = NDArray::Empty({nnz}, csr.data->dtype, csr.data->ctx);
  IdType *out_indptr = static_cast<IdType*>(out_indptr_arr->data);
  IdType *out_indices = static_cast<IdType*>(out_indices_arr->data);
  IdType *out_data = static_cast<IdType*>(out_data_arr->data);

  // Compute the length of rows for the new matrix.
  std::vector<IdType> new_row_lens(num_rows, -1);
#pragma omp parallel for
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_rows; i++) {
    int64_t new_row_id = new_row_ids[i];
    new_row_lens[new_row_id] = in_indptr[i + 1] - in_indptr[i];
  }
  // Compute the starting location of each row in the new matrix.
  out_indptr[0] = 0;
  // This is sequential. It should be pretty fast.
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_rows; i++) {
    CHECK_GE(new_row_lens[i], 0);
    out_indptr[i + 1] = out_indptr[i] + new_row_lens[i];
  }
  CHECK_EQ(out_indptr[num_rows], nnz);
  // Copy indieces and data with the new order.
  // Here I iterate rows in the order of the old matrix.
#pragma omp parallel for
  for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_rows; i++) {
    const IdType *in_row = in_indices + in_indptr[i];
    const IdType *in_row_data = in_data + in_indptr[i];

    int64_t new_row_id = new_row_ids[i];
    IdType *out_row = out_indices + out_indptr[new_row_id];
    IdType *out_row_data = out_data + out_indptr[new_row_id];

    int64_t row_len = new_row_lens[new_row_id];
    // Here I iterate col indices in a row in the order of the old matrix.
    for (int64_t j = 0; j < row_len; j++) {
      out_row[j] = new_col_ids[in_row[j]];
      out_row_data[j] = in_row_data[j];
    }
    // TODO(zhengda) maybe we should sort the column indices.
  }
  return CSRMatrix(num_rows, num_cols,
    out_indptr_arr, out_indices_arr, out_data_arr);
}

template CSRMatrix CSRReorder<kDLCPU, int64_t>(CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray new_row_ids,
                                               runtime::NDArray new_col_ids);
template CSRMatrix CSRReorder<kDLCPU, int32_t>(CSRMatrix csr, runtime::NDArray new_row_ids,
                                               runtime::NDArray new_col_ids);

}  // namespace impl
}  // namespace aten
}  // namespace dgl
