Merge pull request #80 from ROCmSoftwarePlatform/IFU-master-2022-07-29

IFU-master-2022-07-29

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve apex
+title: ''
+labels: bug
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Describe the Bug**
+
+**Minimal Steps/Code to Reproduce the Bug**
+<!--
+Please list the *minimal* steps or provide a code snippet for us to be able to reproduce the bug.
+
+A helpful guide on on how to craft a minimal bug report http://matthewrocklin.com/blog/work/2018/02/28/minimal-bug-reports.
+--> 
+
+**Expected Behavior**
+<!-- A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen. -->
+
+**Environment**
+<!-- OS, version of Python, CUDA, PyTorch; collect these via `python -m torch.utils.collect_env` -->

README.md

 # Introduction
 
-This repository holds NVIDIA-maintained utilities to streamline
-mixed precision and distributed training in Pytorch.
+This repository holds NVIDIA-maintained utilities to streamline mixed precision and distributed training in Pytorch.
 Some of the code here will be included in upstream Pytorch eventually.
-The intention of Apex is to make up-to-date utilities available to
-users as quickly as possible.
+The intent of Apex is to make up-to-date utilities available to users as quickly as possible.
 
 ## Full API Documentation: [https://nvidia.github.io/apex](https://nvidia.github.io/apex)
 
@@ -98,30 +96,22 @@ amp.load_state_dict(checkpoint['amp'])
 
 Note that we recommend restoring the model using the same `opt_level`. Also note that we recommend calling the `load_state_dict` methods after `amp.initialize`.
 
-# Requirements
+# Installation
 
-Python 3
+## Containers
+NVIDIA PyTorch Containers are available on NGC: https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/orgs/nvidia/containers/pytorch.
+The containers come with all the custom extensions available at the moment. 
 
-CUDA 9 or newer
+See [the NGC documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/frameworks/pytorch-release-notes/index.html) for details such as:
+- how to pull a container
+- how to run a pulled container
+- release notes
 
-PyTorch 0.4 or newer.  The CUDA and C++ extensions require pytorch 1.0 or newer.
+## From Source
 
-We recommend the latest stable release, obtainable from
-[https://pytorch.org/](https://pytorch.org/).  We also test against the latest master branch, obtainable from [https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch](https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch).
+To install Apex from source, we recommend using the nightly Pytorch obtainable from https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch.
 
-It's often convenient to use Apex in Docker containers.  Compatible options include:
-* [NVIDIA Pytorch containers from NGC](https://ngc.nvidia.com/catalog/containers/nvidia%2Fpytorch), which come with Apex preinstalled.  To use the latest Amp API, you may need to `pip uninstall apex` then reinstall Apex using the **Quick Start** commands below.
-* [official Pytorch -devel Dockerfiles](https://hub.docker.com/r/pytorch/pytorch/tags), e.g. `docker pull pytorch/pytorch:nightly-devel-cuda10.0-cudnn7`, in which you can install Apex using the **Quick Start** commands.
-
-See the [Docker example folder](https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex/tree/master/examples/docker) for details.
-
-## On ROCm:
-* Python 3.6
-* Pytorch 1.5 or newer, The HIPExtensions require 1.5 or newer.
-* We recommend follow the instructions from [ROCm-Pytorch](https://github.com/ROCmSoftwarePlatform/pytorch) to install pytorch on ROCm.
-* Note: For pytorch versions < 1.8, building from source is no longer supported, please use the release package [ROCm-Apex v0.3](https://github.com/ROCmSoftwarePlatform/apex/releases/tag/v0.3) . 
-
-# Quick Start
+The latest stable release obtainable from https://pytorch.org should also work.
 
 ### Rocm
 Apex on ROCm supports both python only build and extension build.
@@ -145,29 +135,27 @@ pip install -v --install-option="--cpp_ext" --install-option="--cuda_ext" 'git+h
 ```
 
 ### Linux
-
 For performance and full functionality, we recommend installing Apex with
 CUDA and C++ extensions via
-```
+```bash
 git clone https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
 cd apex
 pip install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --global-option="--cpp_ext" --global-option="--cuda_ext" ./
 ```
 
-Apex also supports a Python-only build (required with Pytorch 0.4) via
-```
+Apex also supports a Python-only build via
+```bash
 pip install -v --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir ./
 ```
 A Python-only build omits:
 - Fused kernels required to use `apex.optimizers.FusedAdam`.
-- Fused kernels required to use `apex.normalization.FusedLayerNorm`.
+- Fused kernels required to use `apex.normalization.FusedLayerNorm` and `apex.normalization.FusedRMSNorm`.
 - Fused kernels that improve the performance and numerical stability of `apex.parallel.SyncBatchNorm`.
 - Fused kernels that improve the performance of `apex.parallel.DistributedDataParallel` and `apex.amp`.
 `DistributedDataParallel`, `amp`, and `SyncBatchNorm` will still be usable, but they may be slower.
 
-Pyprof support has been moved to its own [dedicated repository](https://github.com/NVIDIA/PyProf).
-The codebase is deprecated in Apex and will be removed soon.
 
-### Windows support
-Windows support is experimental, and Linux is recommended.  `pip install -v --no-cache-dir --global-option="--cpp_ext" --global-option="--cuda_ext" .` may work if you were able to build Pytorch from source
-on your system.  `pip install -v --no-cache-dir .` (without CUDA/C++ extensions) is more likely to work.  If you installed Pytorch in a Conda environment, make sure to install Apex in that same environment.
+### [Experimental] Windows
+`pip install -v --no-cache-dir --global-option="--cpp_ext" --global-option="--cuda_ext" .` may work if you were able to build Pytorch from source
+on your system. A Python-only build via `pip install -v --no-cache-dir .` is more likely to work.  
+If you installed Pytorch in a Conda environment, make sure to install Apex in that same environment.

apex/__init__.py

 import logging
+import warnings
 
 # May help avoid undefined symbol errors https://pytorch.org/cppdocs/notes/faq.html#undefined-symbol-errors-from-pytorch-aten
 import torch
@@ -19,14 +20,10 @@ from . import fp16_utils
 # load time) the error message is timely and visible.
 from . import optimizers
 from . import normalization
-from . import pyprof
-
-#common utilties to run tests on ROCm.
-from . import testing
 from . import transformer
 
 
-# Logging utilities mainly for apex.transformer module
+# Logging utilities for apex.transformer module
 class RankInfoFormatter(logging.Formatter):
 
     def format(self, record):
@@ -37,6 +34,18 @@ class RankInfoFormatter(logging.Formatter):
 
 _library_root_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 handler = logging.StreamHandler()
-handler.setFormatter(RankInfoFormatter("%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(rank_info)s - %(message)s"))
+handler.setFormatter(RankInfoFormatter("%(asctime)s - PID:%(process)d - rank:%(rank_info)s - %(filename)s:%(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(message)s", "%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
 _library_root_logger.addHandler(handler)
 _library_root_logger.propagate = False
+
+
+def check_cudnn_version_and_warn(global_option: str, required_cudnn_version: int) -> bool:
+    cudnn_available = torch.backends.cudnn.is_available()
+    cudnn_version = torch.backends.cudnn.version() if cudnn_available else None
+    if not (cudnn_available and (cudnn_version >= required_cudnn_version)):
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"`{global_option}` depends on cuDNN {required_cudnn_version} or later, "
+            f"but {'cuDNN is not available' if not cudnn_available else cudnn_version}"
+        )
+        return False
+    return True

apex/_autocast_utils.py

-from typing import Optional
+from typing import Optional, Sequence
 
 import torch
 
 
+def _get_autocast_dtypes() -> Sequence[torch.dtype]:
+    if torch.cuda.is_bf16_supported():
+        return [torch.half, torch.bfloat16]
+    return [torch.half]
+
+
 def _get_current_dtype(dtype: Optional[torch.dtype] = None) -> torch.dtype:
     if not torch.is_autocast_enabled():
         return torch.float or dtype

apex/contrib/bottleneck/__init__.py

 from .bottleneck import Bottleneck, SpatialBottleneck
+from .halo_exchangers import HaloExchangerNoComm, HaloExchangerAllGather, HaloExchangerSendRecv, HaloExchangerPeer

apex/contrib/bottleneck/bottleneck.py

+import functools as func
+
 import torch
 import torch.distributed as dist
 from torch import nn
+
+from apex import check_cudnn_version_and_warn
 import fast_bottleneck
+import nccl_p2p_cuda as inc
+
+
+assert check_cudnn_version_and_warn(__name__, 8400)
+
 
 def kaiming_uniform_(tensor, a=0, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='leaky_relu'):
     weight_tensor_nchw = tensor
     nn.init.kaiming_uniform_(weight_tensor_nchw, a=a, mode=mode, nonlinearity=nonlinearity)
 
-class FrozenBatchNorm2d(torch.nn.Module):
+def compute_scale_bias_one(nhwc, weight, bias, running_mean, running_var, w_scale, w_bias):
+    scale = weight * running_var.rsqrt()
+    bias = bias - running_mean * scale
+    w_scale.copy_(scale)
+    w_bias.copy_(bias)
+
+def compute_scale_bias_method(nhwc, args):
+    for arg in args:
+        # arg is tuple of (weight, bias, running_mean, running_var, w_scale, w_bias)
+        compute_scale_bias_one(nhwc, *arg)
+
+class FrozenBatchNorm2d(torch.jit.ScriptModule):
     """
     BatchNorm2d where the batch statistics and the affine parameters are fixed
     """
@@ -18,7 +38,9 @@ class FrozenBatchNorm2d(torch.nn.Module):
         self.register_buffer("running_mean", torch.zeros(n))
         self.register_buffer("running_var", torch.ones(n))
 
-    def get_scale_bias(self, nhwc=False):
+    @torch.jit.script_method
+    def get_scale_bias(self, nhwc):
+        # type: (bool) -> List[torch.Tensor]
         scale = self.weight * self.running_var.rsqrt()
         bias = self.bias - self.running_mean * scale
         if nhwc:
@@ -29,21 +51,21 @@ class FrozenBatchNorm2d(torch.nn.Module):
             bias = bias.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1)
         return scale, bias
 
+    @torch.jit.script_method
     def forward(self, x):
-        scale, bias = self.get_scale_bias()
+        scale, bias = self.get_scale_bias(False)
         return x * scale + bias
 
-
 @torch.jit.script
 def drelu_dscale1(grad_o, output, scale1):
-    relu_mask = (output>0).half()
+    relu_mask = (output>0)
     dx_relu = relu_mask * grad_o
     g1 = dx_relu * scale1
     return g1, dx_relu
 
 @torch.jit.script
 def drelu_dscale2(grad_o, output, scale1, scale2):
-    relu_mask = (output>0).half()
+    relu_mask = (output>0)
     dx_relu = relu_mask * grad_o
     g1 = dx_relu * scale1
     g2 = dx_relu * scale2
@@ -147,6 +169,7 @@ class Bottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
         self.bn1 = norm_func(bottleneck_channels)
         self.bn2 = norm_func(bottleneck_channels)
         self.bn3 = norm_func(out_channels)
+        self.w_scale = None
 
         self.use_cudnn = use_cudnn
 
@@ -170,10 +193,33 @@ class Bottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
             for p in self.parameters():
                 with torch.no_grad():
                     p.data = p.data.permute(0,2,3,1).contiguous()
+
         return
 
+    # Returns single callable that recomputes scale and bias for all frozen batch-norms.
+    # This method must be called before cuda graphing.
+    # The callable it returns can be called anytime.
+    # Calling this method will prevent these from being computed every forward call.
+    def get_scale_bias_callable(self):
+        self.w_scale, self.w_bias, args = [], [], []
+        batch_norms = [self.bn1, self.bn2, self.bn3]
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            batch_norms.append(self.downsample[1])
+        for bn in batch_norms:
+            s = torch.empty_like(bn.weight)
+            b = torch.empty_like(s)
+            args.append( (bn.weight, bn.bias, bn.running_mean, bn.running_var, s, b) )
+            if self.explicit_nhwc:
+                self.w_scale.append( s.reshape(1, 1, 1, -1) )
+                self.w_bias.append( b.reshape(1, 1, 1, -1) )
+            else:
+                self.w_scale.append( s.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1) )
+                self.w_bias.append( b.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1) )
+        return func.partial(compute_scale_bias_method, self.explicit_nhwc, args)
+
     def forward(self, x):
         if self.use_cudnn:
+            if self.w_scale is None:
                 # calculate scale/bias from registered buffers
                 # TODO: make this better
                 s1, b1 = self.bn1.get_scale_bias(self.explicit_nhwc)
@@ -185,8 +231,9 @@ class Bottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
                     s4, b4 = self.downsample[1].get_scale_bias(self.explicit_nhwc)
                     w_scale.append(s4)
                     w_bias.append(b4)
-
                 out = bottleneck_function(self.explicit_nhwc, self.stride, w_scale, w_bias, x, *self.w_conv)
+            else:
+                out = bottleneck_function(self.explicit_nhwc, self.stride, self.w_scale, self.w_bias, x, *self.w_conv)
             return out
 
         if self.explicit_nhwc:
@@ -217,7 +264,12 @@ class Bottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
 
 class SpatialBottleneckFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
     @staticmethod
-    def forward(ctx, spatial_group_size, local_rank, comm, stream1, nhwc, stride_1x1, scale, bias, x, *conv):
+    def forward(ctx, spatial_group_size, spatial_group_rank, spatial_communicator, spatial_halo_exchanger, spatial_method, use_delay_kernel, explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, scale, bias, thresholdTop, thresholdBottom, x, *conv):
+        if spatial_group_size > 1:
+            stream1 = spatial_halo_exchanger.stream1
+            stream2 = spatial_halo_exchanger.stream2
+            stream3 = spatial_halo_exchanger.stream3
+
         # TODO: clean up order of tensors
         args = [x, *conv[0:3], *scale[0:3], *bias[0:3]]
         ctx.downsample = len(conv) > 3
@@ -226,59 +278,152 @@ class SpatialBottleneckFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
             args.append(scale[3])
             args.append(bias[3])
 
-        # weight buffers are always in nhwc while shape can be nhwc or channels_last
+        # weight buffers are always in explicit_nhwc while shape can be explicit_nhwc or channels_last
         # here we pass in flag and let c++ handle it
         # alternatively, we can put all sizes into a fixed format and pass it in
-        outputs = fast_bottleneck.forward_init(nhwc, stride_1x1, args)
-        fast_bottleneck.forward_out1(nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
-
-        fast_bottleneck.forward_out2(nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
+        outputs = fast_bottleneck.forward_init(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args)
+        fast_bottleneck.forward_out1(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
 
-        # do halo exchange for outputs[0] (out1)
-        # compute halo cells for outputs[1]
         if spatial_group_size > 1:
             out1 = outputs[0]
+            if explicit_nhwc:
                 N,Hs,W,C = list(out1.shape)
+                memory_format = torch.contiguous_format
+                out1_pad = torch.empty([N,Hs+2,W,C], dtype=out1.dtype, device='cuda')
+            else:
+                N,C,Hs,W = list(out1.shape)
+                memory_format = torch.channels_last if out1.is_contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last) else torch.contiguous_format
+                out1_pad = torch.empty([N,C,Hs+2,W], dtype=out1.dtype, device='cuda', memory_format=memory_format)
             stream1.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
+            if spatial_method != 2: stream3.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
             with torch.cuda.stream(stream1):
-                # copy halos to send buffer
-                send_halos = torch.empty((N,2,W,C),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
-                send_halos[:,:1,:,:].copy_(out1[:,:1,:,:])
-                send_halos[:,1:,:,:].copy_(out1[:,Hs-1:,:,:])
-                all_halos = torch.empty((N,2*spatial_group_size,W,C),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
-                all_halos = [all_halos[:,i*2:(i+1)*2,:,:] for i in range(spatial_group_size)]
-                dist.all_gather(all_halos,send_halos,group=comm)
-                fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
-                top_out1_halo = all_halos[(spatial_group_size+local_rank-1)%spatial_group_size][:,1:,:,:]
-                if local_rank > 0:
-                    fat_halo[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_out1_halo)
-                    fat_halo[:,1:3,:,:].copy_(out1[:,:2,:,:])
-                    top_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo(nhwc, fat_halo, args)
-                btm_out1_halo = all_halos[(local_rank+1)%spatial_group_size][:,:1,:,:]
-                if local_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
-                    fat_halo[:,0:2,:,:].copy_(out1[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
-                    fat_halo[:,2:,:,:].copy_(btm_out1_halo)
-                    btm_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo(nhwc, fat_halo, args)
+                if explicit_nhwc:
+                    top_out1_halo = out1_pad[:,:1,:,:]
+                    btm_out1_halo = out1_pad[:,Hs+1:Hs+2,:,:]
+                    spatial_halo_exchanger.left_right_halo_exchange(out1[:,:1,:,:], out1[:,Hs-1:,:,:], top_out1_halo, btm_out1_halo)
+                else:
+                    top_out1_halo = out1_pad[:,:,:1,:]
+                    btm_out1_halo = out1_pad[:,:,Hs+1:Hs+2,:]
+                    spatial_halo_exchanger.left_right_halo_exchange(out1[:,:,:1,:], out1[:,:,Hs-1:,:], top_out1_halo, btm_out1_halo)
+            if spatial_method == 1:
+                # overlap mid convolution with halo transfer
+                if spatial_group_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
+                    stream2.wait_stream(stream1)
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(stream2):
+                        if explicit_nhwc:
+                            btm_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,0:2,:,:].copy_(out1[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,2:,:,:].copy_(btm_out1_halo)
+                        else:
+                            btm_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,:,0:2,:].copy_(out1[:,:,Hs-2:,:])
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,:,2:,:].copy_(btm_out1_halo)
+                        btm_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo(explicit_nhwc, btm_fat_halo, args)
+                if spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(stream1):
+                        if explicit_nhwc:
+                            top_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_out1_halo)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,1:3,:,:].copy_(out1[:,:2,:,:])
+                        else:
+                            top_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=out1.dtype,device=out1.device)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:,:1,:].copy_(top_out1_halo)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:,1:3,:].copy_(out1[:,:,:2,:])
+                        top_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo(explicit_nhwc, top_fat_halo, args)
+                if use_delay_kernel: inc.add_delay(10)
+            elif spatial_method != 2 and spatial_method != 3:
+                assert(False), "spatial_method must be 1, 2 or 3"
+
+        if spatial_group_size <= 1:
+            fast_bottleneck.forward_out2(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
+        elif spatial_method == 1:
+            fast_bottleneck.forward_out2(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
+            with torch.cuda.stream(stream3):
+                if explicit_nhwc:
+                    out1_pad[:,1:Hs+1,:,:].copy_(out1)
+                else:
+                    out1_pad[:,:,1:Hs+1,:].copy_(out1)
+        elif spatial_method == 2:
+            # wait for halo transfer to finish before doing a full convolution of padded x
+            if explicit_nhwc:
+                out1_pad[:,1:Hs+1,:,:].copy_(out1)
+            else:
+                out1_pad[:,:,1:Hs+1,:].copy_(out1)
             torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream1)
+            fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_pad(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs, out1_pad)
+        elif spatial_method == 3:
+            fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_mask(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs, thresholdTop, thresholdBottom)
+            with torch.cuda.stream(stream3):
+                if explicit_nhwc:
+                    out1_pad[:,1:Hs+1,:,:].copy_(out1)
+                else:
+                    out1_pad[:,:,1:Hs+1,:].copy_(out1)
+
+        # compute halo cells for outputs[1] (out2)
+        if spatial_group_size > 1:
             out2 = outputs[1]
-            if local_rank > 0:
-                out2[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_out2)
-            if local_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
-                out2[:,Hs-1:,:,:].copy_(btm_out2)
+            if explicit_nhwc:
+                top_out2_halo = out2[:,:1,:,:]
+                btm_out2_halo = out2[:,Hs-1:,:,:]
+            else:
+                top_out2_halo = out2[:,:,:1,:]
+                btm_out2_halo = out2[:,:,Hs-1:,:]
+            if spatial_method == 1:
+                if spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream1)
+                    top_out2_halo.copy_(top_out2)
+                if spatial_group_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream2)
+                    btm_out2_halo.copy_(btm_out2)
+            elif spatial_method == 3:
+                # Note
+                # out2 halo correction cannot overlap with anything since it has
+                # to wait for out2_mask to finish, but itself has to finish before
+                # the first kernel of _forward_rest can launch.
+                # At least we can overlap the two halo correction kernels.
+                if spatial_group_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
+                    stream2.wait_stream(stream1) # wait for halo transfers to finish
+                    stream2.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream()) # wait for *_out2_mask to finish
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(stream2):
+                        w1by3 = args[2][:,2:3,:,:].clone()
+                        btm_out1_halo = btm_out1_halo.clone()
+                        btm_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo_corr(explicit_nhwc, btm_out1_halo, args, w1by3, btm_out2_halo.clone())
+                        btm_out2_halo.copy_(btm_out2)
+                if spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    stream1.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream()) # wait for *_out2_mask to finish
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(stream1):
+                        w1by3 = args[2][:,:1,:,:].clone()
+                        top_out1_halo = top_out1_halo.clone()
+                        top_out2 = fast_bottleneck.forward_out2_halo_corr(explicit_nhwc, top_out1_halo, args, w1by3, top_out2_halo.clone())
+                        top_out2_halo.copy_(top_out2)
+                if spatial_group_rank < spatial_group_size-1:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream2)
+                if spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream1)
             
-        fast_bottleneck.forward_rest(nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
+        fast_bottleneck.forward_rest(explicit_nhwc, stride_1x1, args, outputs)
         # save halos for backward pass
         if spatial_group_size > 1:
-            ctx.save_for_backward(*(args+outputs+[top_out1_halo,btm_out1_halo]))
+            if spatial_method != 2:
+                # make sure copy of mid-section of out1 into out1_pad is done before exiting
+                torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(stream3)
+            ctx.save_for_backward(*(args+outputs+[out1_pad,]))
         else:
             ctx.save_for_backward(*(args+outputs))
         # save relu outputs for drelu
-        ctx.nhwc = nhwc
+        ctx.explicit_nhwc = explicit_nhwc
         ctx.stride_1x1 = stride_1x1
         ctx.spatial_group_size = spatial_group_size
-        ctx.local_rank = local_rank
-        ctx.comm = comm
+        if spatial_group_size > 1:
+            ctx.spatial_group_rank = spatial_group_rank
+            ctx.spatial_halo_exchanger = spatial_halo_exchanger
+            ctx.spatial_method = spatial_method
+            ctx.use_delay_kernel = use_delay_kernel
+            ctx.thresholdTop = thresholdTop
+            ctx.thresholdBottom = thresholdBottom
             ctx.stream1 = stream1
+            ctx.stream2 = stream2
+            ctx.stream3 = stream3
         return outputs[2]
 
     # backward relu is not exposed, MUL with mask used now
@@ -286,9 +431,8 @@ class SpatialBottleneckFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
     @staticmethod
     def backward(ctx, grad_o):
         if ctx.spatial_group_size > 1:
-            top_out1_halo = ctx.saved_tensors[-2]
-            btm_out1_halo = ctx.saved_tensors[-1]
-            outputs = ctx.saved_tensors[-5:-2]
+            out1_pad = ctx.saved_tensors[-1]
+            outputs = ctx.saved_tensors[-4:-1]
         else:
             outputs = ctx.saved_tensors[-3:]
 
@@ -310,58 +454,79 @@ class SpatialBottleneckFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
         if ctx.downsample:
             t_list.append(ctx.saved_tensors[10])
 
-        grads = fast_bottleneck.backward_init(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list)
-        grad_out2 = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out2(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads)
-
-        # compute wgrad2 for internal cells
-        wgrad2 = fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad2(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2)
-
-        # apply wgrad2 halos
-        if ctx.spatial_group_size > 1:
-            if ctx.local_rank > 0:
-                top_grad2_halo = grad_out2[:,:1,:,:]
-                top_wgrad2_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad2_halo(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, top_out1_halo, top_grad2_halo)
-                wgrad2[:,:1,:,:].add_(top_wgrad2_halo)
-            if ctx.local_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
-                btm_grad2_halo = grad_out2[:,-1:,:,:]
-                btm_wgrad2_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad2_halo(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, btm_out1_halo, btm_grad2_halo)
-                wgrad2[:,-1:,:,:].add_(btm_wgrad2_halo)
-
+        grads = fast_bottleneck.backward_init(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list)
+        wgrad3_stream = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        wgrad3_stream.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
+        grad_out2 = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out2(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads)
+        wgrad2_stream = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        wgrad2_stream.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
         # do halo exchange of grad_out2 here
         # compute halo cells for grad_out1
         if ctx.spatial_group_size > 1:
+            if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
                 N,Hs,W,C = list(grad_out2.shape)
+            else:
+                N,C,Hs,W = list(grad_out2.shape)
+            relu1 = t_list[12]
             ctx.stream1.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
             with torch.cuda.stream(ctx.stream1):
+                top_halo, btm_halo = ctx.spatial_halo_exchanger.left_right_halo_exchange(grad_out2[:,:1,:,:], grad_out2[:,Hs-1:,:,:])
                 # copy halos to send buffer
-                send_halos = torch.empty((N,2,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
-                send_halos[:,:1,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,:1,:,:])
-                send_halos[:,1:,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,Hs-1:,:,:])
-                all_halos = torch.empty((N,2*ctx.spatial_group_size,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
-                all_halos = [all_halos[:,i*2:(i+1)*2,:,:] for i in range(ctx.spatial_group_size)]
-                dist.all_gather(all_halos,send_halos,group=ctx.comm)
-                relu1 = t_list[12]
-                fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
-                relu_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
-                if ctx.local_rank > 0:
-                    top_halo = all_halos[ctx.local_rank-1][:,1:,:,:]
-                    fat_halo[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_halo)
-                    fat_halo[:,1:,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,:2,:,:])
-                    relu_halo[:,:1,:,:].zero_()
-                    relu_halo[:,1:,:,:].copy_(relu1[:,:2,:,:])
-                    top_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, fat_halo, relu_halo)
-                    top_grad_out1_halo = top_grad_out1_halo[:,1:2,:,:]
-                if ctx.local_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
-                    btm_halo = all_halos[ctx.local_rank+1][:,:1,:,:]
-                    fat_halo[:,:2,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
-                    fat_halo[:,2:,:,:].copy_(btm_halo)
-                    relu_halo[:,:2,:,:].copy_(relu1[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
-                    relu_halo[:,2:,:,:].zero_()
-                    btm_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, fat_halo, relu_halo)
+            if ctx.spatial_method == 1 or ctx.spatial_method == 2:
+                # 1 -> halo recompute approach
+                # 2 -> wait for concatenated halos, then do single conv on full input (not implemented yet for bprop)
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
+                    ctx.stream2.wait_stream(ctx.stream1)
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(ctx.stream2):
+                        if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                            btm_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,:2,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,2:,:,:].copy_(btm_halo)
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo[:,:2,:,:].copy_(relu1[:,Hs-2:,:,:])
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo[:,2:,:,:].zero_()
+                        else:
+                            btm_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,:,:2,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,:,Hs-2:,:])
+                            btm_fat_halo[:,:,2:,:].copy_(btm_halo)
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo[:,:,:2,:].copy_(relu1[:,:,Hs-2:,:])
+                            btm_fat_relu_halo[:,:,2:,:].zero_()
+                        btm_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, btm_fat_halo, btm_fat_relu_halo)
+                        if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
                             btm_grad_out1_halo = btm_grad_out1_halo[:,1:2,:,:]
+                        else:
+                            btm_grad_out1_halo = btm_grad_out1_halo[:,:,1:2,:]
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(ctx.stream1):
+                        if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                            top_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_halo)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,1:,:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,:2,:,:])
+                            top_fat_relu_halo = torch.empty((N,3,W,C),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            top_fat_relu_halo[:,:1,:,:].zero_()
+                            top_fat_relu_halo[:,1:,:,:].copy_(relu1[:,:2,:,:])
+                        else:
+                            top_fat_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:,:1,:].copy_(top_halo)
+                            top_fat_halo[:,:,1:,:].copy_(grad_out2[:,:,:2,:])
+                            top_fat_relu_halo = torch.empty((N,C,3,W),dtype=grad_out2.dtype,device=grad_out2.device)
+                            top_fat_relu_halo[:,:,:1,:].zero_()
+                            top_fat_relu_halo[:,:,1:,:].copy_(relu1[:,:,:2,:])
+                        top_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, top_fat_halo, top_fat_relu_halo)
+                        if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                            top_grad_out1_halo = top_grad_out1_halo[:,1:2,:,:]
+                        else:
+                            top_grad_out1_halo = top_grad_out1_halo[:,:,1:2,:]
+                if ctx.use_delay_kernel: inc.add_delay(10)
+            elif ctx.spatial_method != 3:
+                assert(False), "spatial_method must be 1, 2 or 3"
 
         # compute grad_out1 for internal cells
-        grad_out1 = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2)
+        if ctx.spatial_group_size <= 1 or ctx.spatial_method == 1 or ctx.spatial_method == 2:
+            grad_out1 = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2)
+        elif ctx.spatial_group_size > 1 and ctx.spatial_method == 3:
+            grad_out1 = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_mask(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2, ctx.thresholdTop, ctx.thresholdBottom)
 
         # apply halo cells to grad_out1
         if ctx.spatial_group_size > 1:
@@ -369,17 +534,69 @@ class SpatialBottleneckFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
             z = t_list[4]
             relu1 = t_list[12]
             #print("w.shape = %s, z.shape = %s, relu1.shape = %s" % (str(list(w.shape)), str(list(z.shape)), str(list(relu1.shape))))
+            if ctx.spatial_method == 1 or ctx.spatial_method == 2:
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(ctx.stream2)
+                    if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                        grad_out1[:,Hs-1:,:,:].copy_(btm_grad_out1_halo)
+                    else:
+                        grad_out1[:,:,Hs-1:,:].copy_(btm_grad_out1_halo)
+                    #print("ctx.spatial_group_rank = %d, apply grad_out1 btm halo (grad_out1.shape = %s)" % (ctx.spatial_group_rank, str(list(grad_out1.shape))))
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank > 0:
                     torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(ctx.stream1)
-            if ctx.local_rank > 0:
+                    if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
                         grad_out1[:,:1,:,:].copy_(top_grad_out1_halo)
-                #print("ctx.local_rank = %d, apply grad_out1 top halo (grad_out1.shape = %s)" % (ctx.local_rank, str(list(grad_out1.shape))))
-            if ctx.local_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
-                grad_out1[:,Hs-1:,:,:].copy_(btm_grad_out1_halo)
-                #print("ctx.local_rank = %d, apply grad_out1 btm halo (grad_out1.shape = %s)" % (ctx.local_rank, str(list(grad_out1.shape))))
+                    else:
+                        grad_out1[:,:,:1,:].copy_(top_grad_out1_halo)
+                    #print("ctx.spatial_group_rank = %d, apply grad_out1 top halo (grad_out1.shape = %s)" % (ctx.spatial_group_rank, str(list(grad_out1.shape))))
+            elif ctx.spatial_method == 3:
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
+                    if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                        btm_relu_halo = relu1[:,Hs-1:,:,:].clone()
+                        btm_grad_out1 = grad_out1[:,Hs-1:,:,:]
+                    else:
+                        btm_relu_halo = relu1[:,:,Hs-1:,:].clone()
+                        btm_grad_out1 = grad_out1[:,:,Hs-1:,:]
+                    w1by3 = w[:,:1,:,:].clone()
+                    ctx.stream2.wait_stream(ctx.stream1) # wait for halo transfers to finish
+                    ctx.stream2.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream()) # wait for backward_grad_out1_mask to finish before launching halo correction kernel
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(ctx.stream2):
+                        btm_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo_corr(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, w1by3, grads, btm_halo, btm_relu_halo, btm_grad_out1.clone())
+                        btm_grad_out1.copy_(btm_grad_out1_halo)
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    if ctx.explicit_nhwc:
+                        top_relu_halo = relu1[:,:1,:,:].clone()
+                        top_grad_out1 = grad_out1[:,:1,:,:]
+                    else:
+                        top_relu_halo = relu1[:,:,:1,:].clone()
+                        top_grad_out1 = grad_out1[:,:,:1,:]
+                    w1by3 = w[:,2:,:,:].clone()
+                    ctx.stream1.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream()) # wait for backward_grad_out1_mask to finish before launching halo correction kernel
+                    with torch.cuda.stream(ctx.stream1):
+                        top_grad_out1_halo = fast_bottleneck.backward_grad_out1_halo_corr(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, w1by3, grads, top_halo, top_relu_halo, top_grad_out1.clone())
+                        top_grad_out1.copy_(top_grad_out1_halo)
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank < ctx.spatial_group_size-1:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(ctx.stream2) # wait for halo correction to finish
+                if ctx.spatial_group_rank > 0:
+                    torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(ctx.stream1)
 
-        fast_bottleneck.backward_rest(ctx.nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2, grad_out1, wgrad2)
+        wgrad1_stream = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        wgrad1_stream.wait_stream(torch.cuda.current_stream())
+        fast_bottleneck.backward_rest(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2, grad_out1)
+        with torch.cuda.stream(wgrad3_stream):
+            fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad3(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads)
+        with torch.cuda.stream(wgrad2_stream):
+            if ctx.spatial_group_size > 1:
+                fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad2_pad(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, out1_pad, grad_out2)
+            else:
+                fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad2(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out2)
+        with torch.cuda.stream(wgrad1_stream):
+            fast_bottleneck.backward_wgrad1(ctx.explicit_nhwc, ctx.stride_1x1, t_list, grads, grad_out1)
+        torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(wgrad3_stream)
+        torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(wgrad2_stream)
+        torch.cuda.current_stream().wait_stream(wgrad1_stream)
 
-        return (None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, *grads)
+        return (None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, *grads)
 
 spatial_bottleneck_function = SpatialBottleneckFunction.apply
 
@@ -393,7 +610,7 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
 
     def __init__(self, in_channels, bottleneck_channels, out_channels, stride=1, groups=1,
                  dilation=1, norm_func=None, use_cudnn=False, explicit_nhwc=False, 
-                 spatial_group_size=1, communicator=None):
+                 spatial_parallel_args=None):
         super(SpatialBottleneck, self).__init__()
         if groups != 1:
             raise RuntimeError('Only support groups == 1')
@@ -422,6 +639,7 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
         self.bn1 = norm_func(bottleneck_channels)
         self.bn2 = norm_func(bottleneck_channels)
         self.bn3 = norm_func(out_channels)
+        self.w_scale = None
 
         self.use_cudnn = use_cudnn
 
@@ -434,6 +652,8 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
         for w in self.w_conv:
             kaiming_uniform_(w, a=1)
 
+        self.thresholdTop, self.thresholdBottom = None, None
+
         # TODO: prevent unsupported case usage
         # support cases
         #                 native      cudnn
@@ -447,30 +667,45 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
                     p.data = p.data.permute(0,2,3,1).contiguous()
 
         # spatial communicator
-        self.spatial_group_size = spatial_group_size
-        if spatial_group_size > 1:
-            world_size = dist.get_world_size()
-            num_groups = world_size // spatial_group_size
-            assert(num_groups*spatial_group_size == world_size), "torch.distributed.get_world_size() must be multiple of group_size"
-            rank = dist.get_rank()
-            self.local_rank = rank % spatial_group_size
-            if communicator is None:
-                for group in range(num_groups):
-                    ranks = list(range(group*spatial_group_size,(group+1)*spatial_group_size))
-                    comm = torch.distributed.new_group(ranks=ranks)
-                    if rank in ranks:
-                        self.communicator = comm
-            else:
-                self.communicator = communicator
-            self.stream1 = torch.cuda.Stream()
-            self.spatial_args = self.spatial_group_size, self.local_rank, self.communicator, self.stream1
-        else:
-            self.spatial_args = 1, 0, None, None
-
+        if spatial_parallel_args is None:
+            self.spatial_parallel_args = (1, 0, None, None, 0, False)
+        else:
+            self.spatial_parallel_args = spatial_parallel_args
         return
 
+    # Returns single callable that recomputes scale and bias for all frozen batch-norms.
+    # This method must be called before cuda graphing.
+    # The callable it returns can be called anytime.
+    # Calling this method will prevent these from being computed every forward call.
+    def get_scale_bias_callable(self):
+        self.w_scale, self.w_bias, args = [], [], []
+        batch_norms = [self.bn1, self.bn2, self.bn3]
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            batch_norms.append(self.downsample[1])
+        for bn in batch_norms:
+            s = torch.empty_like(bn.weight)
+            b = torch.empty_like(s)
+            args.append( (bn.weight, bn.bias, bn.running_mean, bn.running_var, s, b) )
+            if self.explicit_nhwc:
+                self.w_scale.append( s.reshape(1, 1, 1, -1) )
+                self.w_bias.append( b.reshape(1, 1, 1, -1) )
+            else:
+                self.w_scale.append( s.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1) )
+                self.w_bias.append( b.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1) )
+        return func.partial(compute_scale_bias_method, self.explicit_nhwc, args)
+
     def forward(self, x):
         if self.use_cudnn:
+            if self.thresholdTop is None:
+                spatial_group_size, spatial_group_rank, _, _, _, _ = self.spatial_parallel_args
+                if self.explicit_nhwc:
+                    N,H,W,C = list(x.shape)
+                else:
+                    N,C,H,W = list(x.shape)
+                self.thresholdTop = torch.tensor([1 if spatial_group_rank > 0 else 0], dtype=torch.int32, device='cuda')
+                self.thresholdBottom = torch.tensor([H-2 if spatial_group_rank < spatial_group_size - 1 else H-1], dtype=torch.int32, device='cuda')
+            
+            if self.w_scale is None:
                 # calculate scale/bias from registered buffers
                 # TODO: make this better
                 s1, b1 = self.bn1.get_scale_bias(self.explicit_nhwc)
@@ -482,8 +717,9 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
                     s4, b4 = self.downsample[1].get_scale_bias(self.explicit_nhwc)
                     w_scale.append(s4)
                     w_bias.append(b4)
-
-            out = spatial_bottleneck_function(*self.spatial_args, self.explicit_nhwc, self.stride, w_scale, w_bias, x, *self.w_conv)
+                out = spatial_bottleneck_function(*self.spatial_parallel_args, self.explicit_nhwc, self.stride, w_scale, w_bias, self.thresholdTop, self.thresholdBottom, x, *self.w_conv)
+            else:
+                out = spatial_bottleneck_function(*self.spatial_parallel_args, self.explicit_nhwc, self.stride, self.w_scale, self.w_bias, self.thresholdTop, self.thresholdBottom, x, *self.w_conv)
             return out
 
         if self.explicit_nhwc:
@@ -510,3 +746,4 @@ class SpatialBottleneck(torch.nn.Module):
         out = self.relu(out)
 
         return out
+

apex/contrib/bottleneck/bottleneck_module_test.py

-import os
 import torch
-from maskrcnn_benchmark.modeling.backbone.resnet import Bottleneck
-from maskrcnn_benchmark.layers.nhwc import nhwc_to_nchw_transform, nchw_to_nhwc_transform
-from maskrcnn_benchmark.layers.nhwc.batch_norm import FrozenBatchNorm2d_NHWC
-from apex.contrib.bottleneck import Bottleneck as FastBottleneck
-from apex.contrib.bottleneck import SpatialBottleneck
+from apex.contrib.bottleneck import Bottleneck, SpatialBottleneck
+from apex.contrib.bottleneck import HaloExchangerNoComm, HaloExchangerAllGather, HaloExchangerSendRecv, HaloExchangerPeer
+from apex.contrib.peer_memory import PeerMemoryPool
 
 
-def single_module_test(ref, rank, world_size, numtype, device, shape, fast, spatial_group_size, in_channels, bottleneck_channels, out_channels, num_groups, stride_in_1x1, stride, dilation, norm_func, nhwc):
-    # inputs + modules
+def ground_truth_bottleneck(C, dtype, explicit_nhwc):
+    bottleneck = Bottleneck(C,C,C,use_cudnn=True,explicit_nhwc=explicit_nhwc)
+    bottleneck.to(dtype=dtype, device='cuda')
+    for p in bottleneck.parameters():
+        torch.distributed.broadcast(p, 0)
+    for b in bottleneck.buffers():
+        torch.distributed.broadcast(b, 0)
+    return bottleneck
+
+
+def print_bottleneck_p_and_b(bottleneck):
     with torch.no_grad():
-        input_shape = [1, in_channels] + list(shape)
-        x = torch.randn(input_shape, dtype=numtype, device=device)
-        if nhwc:
-            x = nchw_to_nhwc_transform(x).contiguous()
-        x.requires_grad = True
-        print(x.shape, x.stride())
-
-        #if spatial_group_size > 1:
-        #    fast = False # hack so fast bottleneck can be run against distributed bottleneck
-        #if spatial_group_size == 1:
-        #    fast = False
-
-        if fast:
-            if spatial_group_size == 1:
-                bottleneck = FastBottleneck(
-                    in_channels=in_channels,
-                    bottleneck_channels=bottleneck_channels,
-                    out_channels=out_channels,
-                    stride=stride,
-                    dilation=dilation,
-                    explicit_nhwc=nhwc,
-                    use_cudnn=True)
+        for n,p in bottleneck.named_parameters():
+            print("%s :: %s" % (n, str(p.norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float32))))
+        for n,p in bottleneck.named_buffers():
+            print("%s :: %s" % (n, str(p.norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float32))))
+
+
+def has_nan(x):
+    if isinstance(x, list) or isinstance(x, tuple):
+        for xx in x:
+            if torch.any(torch.isnan(xx)):
+                return True
+        return False
+    elif isinstance(x, dict):
+        for k,v in x.items():
+            if torch.any(torch.isnan(v)):
+                return True
     else:
-                bottleneck = SpatialBottleneck(
-                    in_channels=in_channels,
-                    bottleneck_channels=bottleneck_channels,
-                    out_channels=out_channels,
-                    stride=stride,
-                    dilation=dilation,
-                    explicit_nhwc=nhwc,
-                    use_cudnn=True,
-                    spatial_group_size=spatial_group_size)
+        return torch.any(torch.isnan(x))
+
+
+def rel_diff_t(xx1, xx2):
+    return ((xx1 - xx2).norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float32) / (xx1 + xx2).norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float32)).item()
+
+
+def rel_diff(x1, x2):
+    if isinstance(x1, list) or isinstance(x1, tuple):
+        return [rel_diff_t(xx1,xx2) for xx1,xx2 in zip(x1,x2)]
+    elif isinstance(x1, dict):
+        return [rel_diff_t(xx1, xx2) for (k1,xx1), (k2,xx2) in zip(x1.items(),x2.items())]
     else:
-            bottleneck = Bottleneck(
-                in_channels,
-                bottleneck_channels,
-                out_channels,
-                num_groups,
-                stride_in_1x1,
-                stride,
-                dilation,
-                norm_func,
-                nhwc,
-                spatial_group_size)
-        bottleneck = bottleneck.to(dtype=numtype,device=device)
-        weights = dict(bottleneck.named_parameters())
-
-        if ref is not None:
-            ref_x, _, ref_weights = ref
-            Hs,H = x.shape[1], ref_x.shape[1]
-            assert(Hs*spatial_group_size == H), "Hs not a multiple of H"
-            ref_x = ref_x[:,rank*Hs:(rank+1)*Hs,:,:]
-            x.copy_(ref_x)
-            assert(len(weights) == len(ref_weights)), "Reference weights and weights don't match"
-            for k in weights.keys():
-                weights[k].copy_(ref_weights[k])
-
-    # forward
-    out = bottleneck(x)
-    
-    # gradient output
+        return rel_diff_t(x1,x2)
+
+
+def graph_it(bottleneck, x):
+    print("Graphing")
     with torch.no_grad():
-        grad_out = torch.randn_like(out)
-        if ref is not None:
-            _, ref_grad_out, _ = ref
-            Hs,H = grad_out.shape[1], ref_grad_out.shape[1]
-            assert(Hs*spatial_group_size == H), "Hs not a multiple of H"
-            ref_grad_out = ref_grad_out[:,rank*Hs:(rank+1)*Hs,:,:]
-            grad_out.copy_(ref_grad_out)
+        x = x.clone()
+        x.grad = None
+        x.requires_grad = True
+    return torch.cuda.make_graphed_callables(bottleneck, (x,))
 
-    # backward
-    out.backward(grad_out)
 
+def clone_inputs(bottleneck, x, dy=None):
     with torch.no_grad():
-        dgrad = x.grad.detach()
+        x = x.clone()
+        x.grad = None
+        x.requires_grad = True
+        if dy is None:
+            y = bottleneck(x)
+            dy = torch.randn_like(y) / 1e2
+            torch.distributed.broadcast(dy, 0)
+    return x, dy
+
 
+def fprop_and_bprop(bottleneck, x, dy):
+    y = bottleneck(x)
+    y.backward(dy)
+    dgrad = x.grad.detach()
     wgrad = {}
     for n,p in bottleneck.named_parameters():
         wgrad[n] = p.grad.detach()
+    return x, y, dy, dgrad, wgrad
+
 
-    if world_size > 1:
-        if spatial_group_size == 1:
-            # broadcast x, grad_out and weights from rank 0
+def ground_truth(N, C, H, W, dtype, memory_format, bottleneck):
+    if memory_format == 1:
+        # 1 -> explicit nhwc
+        explicit_nhwc = True
         with torch.no_grad():
-                torch.distributed.broadcast(x,0)
-                torch.distributed.broadcast(grad_out,0)
-                for k in weights.keys():
-                    torch.distributed.broadcast(weights[k],0)
+            x = torch.randn([N,H,W,C], dtype=dtype, device='cuda')
+            torch.distributed.broadcast(x, 0)
+            x, dy = clone_inputs(bottleneck, x)
+        return fprop_and_bprop(bottleneck, x, dy)
     else:
-            # gather dgrad (x.grad), sum wgrad (weights) and out
-            N,Hs,W,C = dgrad.shape
-            H = Hs * spatial_group_size
-            dgrad_gathered = torch.empty((N,H,W,C),dtype=dgrad.dtype,device=dgrad.device)
-            dgrad_tensors = [dgrad_gathered[:,i*Hs:(i+1)*Hs,:,:] for i in range(spatial_group_size)]
-            torch.distributed.all_gather(dgrad_tensors, dgrad)
-            dgrad = dgrad_gathered
-            N,Hs,W,C = list(out.shape)
-            H = Hs * spatial_group_size
-            out_gathered = torch.empty((N,H,W,C),dtype=dgrad.dtype,device=dgrad.device)
-            out_tensors= [out_gathered[:,i*Hs:(i+1)*Hs,:,:] for i in range(spatial_group_size)]
-            torch.distributed.all_gather(out_tensors, out)
-            out = out_gathered
-            for k in wgrad.keys():
-                w = wgrad[k].to(dtype=torch.float64)
-                torch.distributed.all_reduce(w)
-                wgrad[k].copy_(w.to(dtype=wgrad[k].dtype))
-                #torch.distributed.all_reduce(wgrad[k])
-
-    return x, out, grad_out, weights, dgrad, wgrad
-
-
-def module_tests(rank, world_size, numtype, device, fast, spatial_group_sizes, init_args):
-    r = []
-    for ia in init_args:
-        shape = ia[0:4]
-        args = ia[4:]
-        rr = []
-        ref = None
-        for spatial_group_size in spatial_group_sizes:
-            N,H,W,C = shape
-            H = H//spatial_group_size
-            x, out, grad_out, weights, dgrad, wgrad = single_module_test(ref, rank, world_size, numtype, device, [H,W], fast, spatial_group_size, *args)
-            if ref is None:
-                assert(spatial_group_size == 1), "Wrong reference weights"
-                ref = x, grad_out, weights
-            if rank == 0:
-                rr.append( (out, dgrad, wgrad) )
-            if world_size > 1: torch.distributed.barrier()
-        r.append(rr)
-    return r
+        # 2 -> native nhwc
+        # 3 -> nchw
+        explicit_nhwc = False
+        assert(False), "Not implemented yet"
 
 
-def main():
-    total_num_gpus = int(os.environ["WORLD_SIZE"]) if "WORLD_SIZE" in os.environ else 1
-    distributed = total_num_gpus > 1
-    ngpus = torch.cuda.device_count()
+def print_ground_truth(gt):
+    x, y, dy, dgrad, wgrad = gt
+    if has_nan(y) or has_nan(dgrad) or has_nan(wgrad):
+        print("Error! Ground truth has NAN")
+    else:
+        print("Ok! No NAN found in ground truth")
 
-    if distributed:
-        torch.distributed.init_process_group("nccl")
-        rank, world_size = torch.distributed.get_rank(), torch.distributed.get_world_size()
-        is_master = True if rank == 0 else False
-        local_rank = rank % ngpus
-        torch.cuda.set_device(local_rank)
-        spatial_group_size = total_num_gpus
+
+def apply_to_different_bottleneck(gt, bottleneck):
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        x, _, dy, _, _ = gt
+        x, dy = clone_inputs(bottleneck, x, dy)
+    return fprop_and_bprop(bottleneck, x, dy)
+
+
+def compare_single_field(results, f1, f2, l0, l1, l2):
+    if has_nan(f1) and has_nan(f2):
+        results[l0] = "both NAN"
+    elif has_nan(f1):
+        results[l0] = "%s.%s NAN" % (l1, l0)
+    elif has_nan(f2):
+        results[l0] = "%s.%s NAN" % (l2, l0)
     else:
-        rank, local_rank, is_master, world_size, spatial_group_size = 0, 0, True, 1, 1
+        results[l0] = "%s" % (str(rel_diff(f1,f2)))
+
+
+def compare(gt, bt):
+    x1, y1, dy1, dgrad1, wgrad1 = gt
+    x2, y2, dy2, dgrad2, wgrad2 = bt
+    results = {}
+    compare_single_field(results, y1, y2, "y", "gt", "bt")
+    compare_single_field(results, dy1, dy2, "dy", "gt", "bt")
+    compare_single_field(results, dgrad1, dgrad2, "dgrad", "gt", "bt")
+    compare_single_field(results, wgrad1, wgrad2, "wgrad", "gt", "bt")
+    for i in range(torch.distributed.get_world_size()):
+        if i == torch.distributed.get_rank():
+            print(i,results)
+        torch.distributed.barrier()
+
+
+def spatial_parallel_bottleneck(C, dtype, explicit_nhwc, gt_bottleneck, spatial_parallel_args):
+    spatial_bottleneck = SpatialBottleneck(C,C,C,use_cudnn=True,explicit_nhwc=explicit_nhwc,spatial_parallel_args=spatial_parallel_args)
+    spatial_bottleneck.to(dtype=dtype, device='cuda')
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        sp = {}
+        for n,p in spatial_bottleneck.named_parameters():
+            sp[n] = p
+        for n,p in gt_bottleneck.named_parameters():
+            sp[n].copy_(p)
+        sb = {}
+        for n,b in spatial_bottleneck.named_buffers():
+            sb[n] = b
+        for n,b in gt_bottleneck.named_buffers():
+            sb[n].copy_(b)
+    return spatial_bottleneck
+
+def n_way_spatial(halex, gt_bottleneck, gt, explicit_nhwc, world_size, rank, fp32_reduce=False):
+    assert(explicit_nhwc), "Only tested for explicit nhwc"
+
+    x, _, dy, _, _ = gt
+    N, H, W, C = list(x.shape) # Tensor is already shaped properly for n-way parallel
+    dtype = x.dtype
+
+    spatial_group_size = world_size
+    spatial_group_rank = rank
+    spatial_communicator = None
+    spatial_halo_exchanger = halex
+    spatial_method = 1 # 1 -> overlap halo and main conv, 2 -> wait for halo, conv on padded x
+    use_delay_kernel = False
+    spatial_parallel_args = (spatial_group_size, spatial_group_rank, spatial_communicator, spatial_halo_exchanger, spatial_method, use_delay_kernel)
+    spatial_bottleneck = spatial_parallel_bottleneck(C, dtype, explicit_nhwc, gt_bottleneck, spatial_parallel_args)
 
-    torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(True)
-    torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = False
-    torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True
-    torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_tf32 = False
-    torch.backends.cudnn.allow_tf32 = False
-
-    norm_func = FrozenBatchNorm2d_NHWC
-
-    init_args = [
-        (1, 200, 336, 64, 64, 64, 256, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 200, 336, 256, 256, 64, 256, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 200, 336, 256, 256, 128, 512, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 100, 168, 512, 512, 128, 512, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 100, 168, 512, 512, 256, 1024, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 50, 84, 1024, 1024, 256, 1024, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 50, 84, 1024, 1024, 512, 2048, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 25, 42, 2048, 2048, 512, 2048, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 336, 200, 64, 64, 64, 256, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 336, 200, 256, 256, 64, 256, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 336, 200, 256, 256, 128, 512, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 168, 100, 512, 512, 128, 512, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 168, 100, 512, 512, 256, 1024, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 84, 50, 1024, 1024, 256, 1024, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 84, 50, 1024, 1024, 512, 2048, 1, True, 2, 1, norm_func, True),
-        (1, 42, 25, 2048, 2048, 512, 2048, 1, True, 1, 1, norm_func, True),
-        ]
-    init_args = init_args[0:1]
-
-    # pad H to account for spatial distribution 
-    padded_init_args = []
-    for ia in init_args:
-        N,H,W,C = ia[0:4]
-        m = spatial_group_size * H // (25 if H < W else 42)
-        H = ((H + m - 1) // m) * m
-        args = tuple( [N,H,W,C] + list(ia[4:]) )
-        padded_init_args.append(args)
-    init_args = padded_init_args
-    if rank == 0:
-        for ia in init_args:
-            print(ia)
-
-    spatial_group_sizes = [1]
-    if spatial_group_size > 1:
-        spatial_group_sizes.append(spatial_group_size)
-
-    numtype, device, fast = torch.float16, 'cuda', True
-    r = module_tests(rank, world_size, numtype, device, fast, spatial_group_sizes, init_args)
-    if world_size > 1: torch.distributed.barrier()
-    if rank == 0:
-        for rr in r:
-            print("***")
-            for out, dgrad, wgrad in rr:
-                gr = [("out",out.norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item())]
-                gr = gr + [("dgrad",dgrad.norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item())]
-                gr = gr + [(k+".wgrad",wgrad[k].norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item()) for k in wgrad.keys()]
-                print(gr)
-            if len(rr) == 2:
-                out1, dgrad1, wgrad1 = rr[0]
-                out2, dgrad2, wgrad2 = rr[1]
-
-                rtol = 1e-1
-                out_atol = out1.abs().max().item() * rtol
-                dgrad_atol = dgrad1.abs().max().item() * rtol
-                wgrad_atol = {}
-                for k in wgrad1.keys():
-                    wgrad_atol[k] = wgrad1[k].abs().max().item() * rtol
-
-                gr = [("out",torch.allclose(out1,out2,rtol,out_atol,equal_nan=True))]
-                gr = gr + [("dgrad",torch.allclose(dgrad1,dgrad2,rtol,dgrad_atol,equal_nan=True))]
-                gr = gr + [(k+".wgrad",torch.allclose(wgrad1[k],wgrad2[k],rtol,wgrad_atol[k],equal_nan=True)) for k in wgrad1.keys()]
-                print(gr)
-
-                gr = [("out",(out1-out2).norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item())]
-                gr = gr + [("dgrad",(dgrad1-dgrad2).norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item())]
-                gr = gr + [(k+".wgrad",(wgrad1[k]-wgrad2[k]).norm(p=2,dtype=torch.float64).item()) for k in wgrad1.keys()]
-                print(gr)
-
-                N,H,W,C = out1.shape
-                Hs = H // spatial_group_size
-                Ht = Hs-2
-                print("out1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("out2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs-1
-                print("out1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("out2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs
-                print("out1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("out2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs+1
-                print("out1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("out2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(out2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-
-                N,H,W,C = dgrad1.shape
+    with torch.no_grad():
         Hs = H // spatial_group_size
-                Ht = Hs-2
-                print("dgrad1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("dgrad2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs-1
-                print("dgrad1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("dgrad2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs
-                print("dgrad1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("dgrad2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                Ht = Hs+1
-                print("dgrad1@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad1[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-                print("dgrad2@%d:%d=%s" % (Ht,H,str(dgrad2[0,Ht,:8,:5])))
-
-
-    if world_size > 1: torch.distributed.barrier()
+        xs = x[:,spatial_group_rank*Hs:(spatial_group_rank+1)*Hs,:,:].clone()
+        dys = dy[:,spatial_group_rank*Hs:(spatial_group_rank+1)*Hs,:,:].clone()
+        xs.requires_grad = True
+
+    spatial_bottleneck = graph_it(spatial_bottleneck, xs)
+    _, y, _, dgrad, wgrad = fprop_and_bprop(spatial_bottleneck, xs, dys)
+
+    # gather output pieces
+    for n,p in wgrad.items():
+        if fp32_reduce:
+            p32 = p.float()
+            torch.distributed.all_reduce(p32)
+            p.copy_(p32.half())
+        else:
+            torch.distributed.all_reduce(p)
+    ys = [torch.empty_like(y) for _ in range(spatial_group_size)]
+    torch.distributed.all_gather(ys,y)
+    y = torch.cat(ys,dim=1)
+    dgrads = [torch.empty_like(dgrad) for _ in range(spatial_group_size)]
+    torch.distributed.all_gather(dgrads,dgrad)
+    dgrad = torch.cat(dgrads,dim=1)
+    return x, y, dy, dgrad, wgrad
+
+
+def main():
+    torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(True)
+
+    torch.distributed.init_process_group("nccl")
+    rank = torch.distributed.get_rank()
+    world_size = torch.distributed.get_world_size()
+    torch.cuda.set_device(rank)
+
+    explicit_nhwc = True
+
+    dtype = torch.float16
+    N, C, H, W = 1, 64, 200, 336
+    Hs = ((H+8*world_size-1) // (8*world_size)) * 8
+    H = Hs*world_size
+    gt_bottleneck = ground_truth_bottleneck(C, dtype, explicit_nhwc)
+    gt = ground_truth(N, C, H, W, dtype, 1, gt_bottleneck)
+
+    # verify that spatial bottleneck with group_size 1 produces same results as ground truth bottleneck
+    spatial_bottleneck = spatial_parallel_bottleneck(C, dtype, explicit_nhwc, gt_bottleneck, None)
+    bt = apply_to_different_bottleneck(gt, spatial_bottleneck)
+    compare(gt, bt)
+    #print_bottleneck_p_and_b(gt_bottleneck)
+    #print_bottleneck_p_and_b(spatial_bottleneck)
+
+    group_size = world_size
+    group = rank // group_size
+    ranks = [group*group_size+i for i in range(group_size)]
+    rank_in_group = rank % group_size
+
+    spatial_group_size = world_size
+    spatial_communicator = None
+
+    peer_pool = PeerMemoryPool(64*1024*1024, 2*1024*1024, ranks)
+
+    #class HaloExchangerNoComm(HaloExchanger):
+    #    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group):
+    #class HaloExchangerAllGather(HaloExchanger):
+    #    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group, comm):
+    #class HaloExchangerSendRecv(HaloExchanger):
+    #    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group):
+    #class HaloExchangerPeer(HaloExchanger):
+    #    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group, peer_pool, explicit_nhwc, numSM=1):
+
+    #halex = HaloExchangerAllGather(ranks, rank_in_group)
+    #halex = HaloExchangerSendRecv(ranks, rank_in_group)
+
+    halex = HaloExchangerPeer(ranks, rank_in_group, peer_pool, explicit_nhwc, numSM=1)
+    #print("halex.signals = %s" % (str(halex.signals)))
+    # Make sure peer memory halo exchanger has finished initializing flags on all ranks before proceeding
+    #torch.cuda.synchronize()
+    #torch.distributed.barrier()
+
+    bt2 = n_way_spatial(halex, gt_bottleneck, gt, explicit_nhwc, world_size, rank, fp32_reduce=True)
+    compare(gt, bt2)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

apex/contrib/bottleneck/halo_exchangers.py

+import torch
+import torch.distributed as dist
+from torch import nn
+import nccl_p2p_cuda as inc
+import peer_memory_cuda as pm
+
+# Communication free halo exchanger.
+# NB! This halo exchanger does not exchange halos with neighbors as it should, it merely swaps the inputs
+# NB! This is only useful for performance testing.
+# NB! Do not use for actual production runs
+class HaloExchanger(object):
+    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group):
+        self.stream1 = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        self.stream2 = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        self.stream3 = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        self.group_size = len(ranks)
+        self.ranks = ranks
+        self.rank_in_group = rank_in_group
+        self.wrap_around_left_rank_in_group = (rank_in_group + self.group_size - 1) % self.group_size
+        self.wrap_around_right_rank_in_group = (rank_in_group + 1) % self.group_size
+        self.left_rank = ranks[rank_in_group-1] if rank_in_group > 0 else -1
+        self.left_zero = True if rank_in_group == 0 else False
+        self.right_rank = ranks[rank_in_group+1] if rank_in_group < self.group_size - 1 else -1
+        self.right_zero = True if rank_in_group == self.group_size - 1 else False
+
+class HaloExchangerNoComm(HaloExchanger):
+    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group):
+        super(HaloExchangerNoComm, self).__init__(ranks, rank_in_group)
+
+    def left_right_halo_exchange(self, left_output_halo, right_output_halo, left_input_halo=None, right_input_halo=None):
+        if left_input_halo is None:
+            return right_output_halo, left_output_halo
+        else:
+            left_input_halo.copy_(right_output_halo)
+            right_input_halo.copy_(left_output_halo)
+
+class HaloExchangerAllGather(HaloExchanger):
+    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group, comm):
+        super(HaloExchangerAllGather, self).__init__(ranks, rank_in_group)
+        # self.comm must be NCCL process_group created with torch.distributed.new_group(ranks=ranks)
+        self.comm = comm
+
+    def left_right_halo_exchange(self, left_output_halo, right_output_halo, left_input_halo=None, right_input_halo=None):
+        N,Hh,W,C = list(left_output_halo.shape)
+        send_halos = torch.empty((N,2*Hh,W,C),dtype=left_output_halo.dtype,device=left_output_halo.device)
+        send_halos[:,:Hh,:,:].copy_(left_output_halo)
+        send_halos[:,Hh:,:,:].copy_(right_output_halo)
+        all_halos = torch.empty((N,2*Hh*self.group_size,W,C),dtype=left_output_halo.dtype,device=left_output_halo.device)
+        all_halos = [all_halos[:,i*2*Hh:(i+1)*2*Hh,:,:] for i in range(self.group_size)]
+        torch.distributed.all_gather(all_halos,send_halos,group=self.comm,no_copy=True)
+        ag_left_input_halo = all_halos[self.wrap_around_left_rank_in_group][:,Hh:,:,:]
+        ag_right_input_halo = all_halos[self.wrap_around_right_rank_in_group][:,:Hh,:,:]
+        if left_input_halo is None:
+            if self.left_zero:
+                ag_left_input_halo.zero_()
+            if self.right_zero:
+                ag_right_input_halo.zero_()
+            return ag_left_input_halo, ag_right_input_halo
+        else:
+            if self.left_zero:
+                left_input_halo.zero_()
+            else:
+                left_input_halo.copy_(ag_left_input_halo)
+            if self.right_zero:
+                right_input_halo.zero_()
+            else:
+                right_input_halo.copy_(ag_right_input_halo)
+
+class HaloExchangerSendRecv(HaloExchanger):
+    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group):
+        super(HaloExchangerSendRecv, self).__init__(ranks, rank_in_group)
+        nccl_id = inc.get_unique_nccl_id(1).cuda()
+        torch.distributed.broadcast(nccl_id, 0)
+        nccl_id = nccl_id.cpu()
+        print("%d :: nccl_id = %s" % (torch.distributed.get_rank(), str(nccl_id)))
+        # Create another global nccl communicator in addition to the one created by torch.distributed.init_process_group("nccl")
+        # This is unavoidable because the underlying NCCL communicator torch.distributed creates is a protected variable, hence
+        # it cannot be accessed from another class.
+        # TODO: Figure out a way to avoid creating a second global communicator
+        assert(torch.distributed.get_rank() == self.ranks[self.rank_in_group]), "ranks[%d](%d) != torch.distributed.get_rank()(%d)" % (self.rank_in_group, self.ranks[self.rank_in_group], torch.distributed.get_rank())
+        self.handle = inc.init_nccl_comm(nccl_id, torch.distributed.get_rank(), torch.distributed.get_world_size())
+
+    def left_right_halo_exchange(self, left_output_halo, right_output_halo, left_input_halo=None, right_input_halo=None):
+        if left_input_halo is None:
+            left_input_halo, right_input_halo = inc.left_right_halo_exchange(self.handle, self.left_rank, self.right_rank , left_output_halo, right_output_halo)
+            return left_input_halo, right_input_halo
+        else:
+            inc.left_right_halo_exchange_inplace(self.handle, self.left_rank, self.right_rank, left_output_halo, right_output_halo, left_input_halo, right_input_halo)
+
+class HaloExchangerPeer(HaloExchanger):
+    def __init__(self, ranks, rank_in_group, peer_pool, explicit_nhwc, numSM=1):
+        super(HaloExchangerPeer, self).__init__(ranks, rank_in_group)
+        self.diagnostics = False
+        self.explicit_nhwc = explicit_nhwc
+        self.numSM = numSM
+        self.peer_pool = peer_pool
+        self.signals = peer_pool.allocate_peer_tensors([2,4], torch.int32, False, False)
+        self.signals[self.rank_in_group].zero_()
+
+    def left_right_halo_exchange(self, left_output_halo, right_output_halo, left_input_halo=None, right_input_halo=None):
+        inplace = False if left_input_halo is None and right_input_halo is None else True
+        if not inplace:
+            left_input_halo = torch.empty_like(right_output_halo)
+            right_input_halo = torch.empty_like(left_output_halo)
+        channels_last = left_output_halo.is_contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last) and not self.explicit_nhwc
+        left_tx = self.peer_pool.allocate_peer_tensors(list(left_output_halo.shape), left_output_halo.dtype, channels_last, True)
+        right_tx = self.peer_pool.allocate_peer_tensors(list(right_output_halo.shape), right_output_halo.dtype, channels_last, True)
+        pm.push_pull_halos_1d(
+                self.diagnostics, self.explicit_nhwc, self.numSM,
+                left_output_halo,  left_tx[self.rank_in_group],  right_tx[self.wrap_around_left_rank_in_group], left_input_halo,
+                right_output_halo, right_tx[self.rank_in_group], left_tx[self.wrap_around_right_rank_in_group],  right_input_halo,
+                self.signals[self.wrap_around_left_rank_in_group], self.signals[self.wrap_around_right_rank_in_group], self.signals[self.rank_in_group]
+                )
+        # TODO: Add to push_pull_halos_1d kernel
+        if self.left_zero:
+            left_input_halo.zero_()
+        if self.right_zero:
+            right_input_halo.zero_()
+        if not inplace:
+            return left_input_halo, right_input_halo
+
+# Class that combines input volume with halos from neighbors (1d).
+class HaloPadder:
+    def __init__(self, halo_ex):
+        self.halo_ex = halo_ex
+        self.stream1 = torch.cuda.Stream()
+        self.stream2 = torch.cuda.Stream()
+
+    def __call__(self, y, half_halo, explicit_nhwc, H_split):
+        channels_last = not explicit_nhwc and y.is_contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
+        if explicit_nhwc:
+            N,H,W,C = list(y.shape)
+            if H_split:
+                padded_shape = [N,H+2*half_halo,W,C]
+                ypad = torch.empty(shape=padded_shape, dtype=y.dtype, device=y.device, memory_format=torch.contiguous_format)
+                yleft = ypad[:,:half_halo,:,:]
+                ymid = ypad[:,half_halo:H+half_halo,:,:]
+                yright = ypad[:,H+half_halo:H+2*half_halo,:,:]
+                oleft = y[:,:half_halo,:,:]
+                oright = y[:,H-half_halo:,:,:]
+            else:
+                padded_shape = [N,H,W+2*half_halo,C]
+                ypad = torch.empty(shape=padded_shape, dtype=y.dtype, device=y.device, memory_format=torch.contiguous_format)
+                yleft = ypad[:,:,:half_halo,:]
+                ymid = ypad[:,:,half_halo:W+half_halo,:]
+                yright = ypad[:,:,W+half_halo:W+2*half_halo,:]
+                oleft = y[:,:,:half_halo,:]
+                oright = y[:,:,W-half_halo:,:]
+        else:
+            N,C,H,W = list(y.shape)
+            if H_split:
+                padded_shape = [N,C,H+2*half_halo,W]
+                ypad = torch.empty(shape=padded_shape, dtype=y.dtype, device=y.device, memory_format=torch.channels_last)
+                yleft = ypad[:,:,:half_halo,:]
+                ymid = ypad[:,:,half_halo:H+half_halo,:]
+                yright = ypad[:,:,H+half_halo:H+2*half_halo,:]
+                oleft = y[:,:,:half_halo,:]
+                oright = y[:,:,H-half_halo:,:]
+            else:
+                padded_shape = [N,C,H,W+2*half_halo]
+                ypad = torch.empty(shape=padded_shape, dtype=y.dtype, device=y.device, memory_format=torch.channels_last)
+                yleft = ypad[:,:,:,:half_halo]
+                ymid = ypad[:,:,:,half_halo:W+half_halo]
+                yright = ypad[:,:,:,W+half_halo:W+2*half_halo]
+                oleft = y[:,:,:,:half_halo]
+                oright = y[:,:,:,W-half_halo:]
+        with torch.cuda.stream(self.stream1):
+            self.halo_ex(oleft, oright, yleft, yright)
+        with torch.cuda.stream(self.stream2):
+            ymid.copy_(y)
+        return ypad
+
+    def wait(self):
+        current_stream = torch.cuda.current_stream()
+        current_stream.wait_stream(self.stream1)
+        current_stream.wait_stream(self.stream2)

apex/contrib/clip_grad/__init__.py

+from .clip_grad import clip_grad_norm_

apex/contrib/clip_grad/clip_grad.py

+import torch
+from torch._six import inf
+from typing import Union, Iterable
+
+_kernel_import_succeeded = False
+try:
+    import amp_C
+    from apex.multi_tensor_apply import multi_tensor_applier
+    _kernel_import_succeeded = True
+except:
+    _kernel_import_succeeded = False
+
+_tensor_or_tensors = Union[torch.Tensor, Iterable[torch.Tensor]]
+
+def clip_grad_norm_(
+        parameters: _tensor_or_tensors, max_norm: float, norm_type: float = 2.0,
+        error_if_nonfinite: bool = False) -> torch.Tensor:
+    r"""Clips gradient norm of an iterable of parameters.
+
+    The norm is computed over all gradients together, as if they were
+    concatenated into a single vector. Gradients are modified in-place.
+
+    This is identical to torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_, except it
+    uses a fused CUDA kernel when computing the 2-norm of GPU tensors
+    in float32 and float16.
+
+    Args:
+        parameters (Iterable[Tensor] or Tensor): an iterable of Tensors or a
+            single Tensor that will have gradients normalized
+        max_norm (float or int): max norm of the gradients
+        norm_type (float or int): type of the used p-norm. Can be ``'inf'`` for
+            infinity norm.
+        error_if_nonfinite (bool): if True, an error is thrown if the total
+            norm of the gradients from :attr:`parameters` is ``nan``,
+            ``inf``, or ``-inf``. Default: False (will switch to True in the future)
+
+    Returns:
+        Total norm of the parameters (viewed as a single vector).
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(parameters, torch.Tensor):
+        parameters = [parameters]
+    parameters = [p for p in parameters if p.grad is not None]
+    max_norm = float(max_norm)
+    norm_type = float(norm_type)
+
+    # Trivial case
+    if len(parameters) == 0:
+        return torch.tensor(0.)
+
+    # Fallback implementation
+    if not (_kernel_import_succeeded
+            and norm_type == 2.0
+            and any(p.is_cuda for p in parameters)):
+        return torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(
+            parameters,
+            max_norm,
+            norm_type=norm_type,
+            error_if_nonfinite = error_if_nonfinite,
+        )
+
+    # Find fp32 and fp16 gradients on GPU
+    device = next(p.device for p in parameters if p.is_cuda)
+    grads_fp32, grads_fp16, grads_misc = [], [], []
+    for p in parameters:
+        grad = p.grad.detach()
+        if p.dtype == torch.float32 and p.device == device:
+            grads_fp32.append(grad)
+        elif p.dtype == torch.float16 and p.device == device:
+            grads_fp16.append(grad)
+        else:
+            grads_misc.append(grad)
+
+    # Compute gradient L2 norms
+    norms = []
+    dummy_overflow_buf = torch.zeros([1], dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
+    if grads_fp32:
+        norms.append(
+            multi_tensor_applier(
+                amp_C.multi_tensor_l2norm,
+                dummy_overflow_buf,
+                [grads_fp32],
+                False,
+            )[0]
+        )
+    if grads_fp16:
+        norms.append(
+            multi_tensor_applier(
+                amp_C.multi_tensor_l2norm,
+                dummy_overflow_buf,
+                [grads_fp16],
+                False,
+            )[0],
+        )
+    for g in grads_misc:
+        norms.append(torch.linalg.norm(g).unsqueeze(0).to(device))
+    total_norm = torch.linalg.norm(torch.cat(norms))
+
+    # Check for non-finite values
+    if error_if_nonfinite and torch.logical_or(total_norm.isnan(), total_norm.isinf()):
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f'The total norm of order {norm_type} for gradients from '
+            '`parameters` is non-finite, so it cannot be clipped. To disable '
+            'this error and scale the gradients by the non-finite norm anyway, '
+            'set `error_if_nonfinite=False`')
+
+    # Scale gradients
+    clip_coef = max_norm / (total_norm + 1e-6)
+    clip_coef_clamped = torch.clamp(clip_coef, max=1.0)
+    if grads_fp32:
+        multi_tensor_applier(
+            amp_C.multi_tensor_scale,
+            dummy_overflow_buf,
+            [grads_fp32, grads_fp32],
+            clip_coef_clamped,
+        )
+    if grads_fp16:
+        multi_tensor_applier(
+            amp_C.multi_tensor_scale,
+            dummy_overflow_buf,
+            [grads_fp16, grads_fp16],
+            clip_coef_clamped,
+        )
+    for g in grads_misc:
+        g.mul_(clip_coef_clamped.to(g.device))
+
+    return total_norm

apex/contrib/conv_bias_relu/__init__.py

+from .conv_bias_relu import ConvBiasReLU, ConvBias, ConvBiasMaskReLU 
+

apex/contrib/conv_bias_relu/conv_bias_relu.py

+import pdb
+
+import torch
+from torch.autograd import gradcheck
+
+from apex import check_cudnn_version_and_warn
+import fused_conv_bias_relu
+
+check_cudnn_version_and_warn(__name__, 8400)
+
+
+class ConvBiasReLU_(torch.autograd.Function):
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_fwd(cast_inputs=torch.half)
+    def forward(ctx, x, weight, bias, padding, stride):
+        outputs = fused_conv_bias_relu.forward([x, weight, bias], padding, stride)
+        ctx.save_for_backward(x, weight, outputs[0])
+        ctx.padding = padding
+        ctx.stride = stride
+
+        return outputs[0]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_bwd
+    def backward(ctx, grad_output):
+        bwd_args = [*ctx.saved_tensors, grad_output]
+        padding = ctx.padding
+        stride = ctx.stride
+        grads = fused_conv_bias_relu.backward(bwd_args, padding, stride)
+
+        return grads[0], grads[1], grads[2], None, None
+
+
+class ConvBiasMaskReLU_(torch.autograd.Function):
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_fwd(cast_inputs=torch.half)
+    def forward(ctx, x, weight, bias, mask, padding, stride):
+        outputs = fused_conv_bias_relu.forward_mask([x, weight, bias, mask], padding, stride)
+        ctx.save_for_backward(x, weight, outputs[0])
+        ctx.padding = padding
+        ctx.stride = stride
+
+        return outputs[0]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_bwd
+    def backward(ctx, grad_output):
+        bwd_args = [*ctx.saved_tensors, grad_output]
+        padding = ctx.padding
+        stride = ctx.stride
+        grads = fused_conv_bias_relu.backward(bwd_args, padding, stride)
+
+        return grads[0], grads[1], grads[2], None, None, None
+
+
+class ConvBias_(torch.autograd.Function):
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_fwd(cast_inputs=torch.half)
+    def forward(ctx, x, weight, bias, padding, stride):
+        outputs = fused_conv_bias_relu.forward_no_relu([x, weight, bias], padding, stride)
+        ctx.save_for_backward(x, weight)
+        ctx.padding = padding
+        ctx.stride = stride
+
+        return outputs[0]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @torch.cuda.amp.custom_bwd
+    def backward(ctx, grad_output):
+        bwd_args = [*ctx.saved_tensors, grad_output]
+        padding = ctx.padding
+        stride = ctx.stride
+        grads = fused_conv_bias_relu.backward_no_relu(bwd_args, padding, stride)
+
+        return grads[0], grads[1], grads[2], None, None
+
+
+ConvBiasReLU = ConvBiasReLU_.apply
+ConvBiasMaskReLU = ConvBiasMaskReLU_.apply
+ConvBias = ConvBias_.apply
+

apex/contrib/csrc/bottleneck/bottleneck.cpp

@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ create_conv_bias_add_act_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                                            .setVirtual()
                                            .setId('A')  // after add
                                            .setAlignment(16)
-                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                                            .build(),
                                        cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
                                            .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ create_conv_bias_add_act_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                                            .setVirtual()
                                            .setId('B')  // after bias
                                            .setAlignment(16)
-                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                                            .build(),
                                        cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
                                            .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ create_conv_bias_add_act_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                                            .setId('C')  // after conv
                                            .setAlignment(16)
                                            .setVirtual()
-                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                                            .build(),
                                        cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
                                            .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ create_conv_bias_add_act_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                                            .setId('D')  // after optional add
                                            .setAlignment(16)
                                            .setVirtual()
-                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                                            .build());
 }
 
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ create_dconv_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                              .setVirtual()
                              .setId('A')  // after dconv
                              .setAlignment(16)
-                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                              .build(),
                              cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
                              .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ create_dconv_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
                              .setVirtual()
                              .setId('B')  // after drelu
                              .setAlignment(16)
-                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
                              .build());
 }
 
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ run_conv_scale_bias_add_activation(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
         DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
         cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
         checkCudnnErr(status);
-        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error");
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
     } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
       std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
     }
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ run_conv_scale_bias(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
         DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
         cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
         checkCudnnErr(status);
-        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error");
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
     } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
       std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
     }
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ run_dconv_drelu_dscale(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
         DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
         cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
         checkCudnnErr(status);
-        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error");
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
     } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
       std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
     }
@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ run_dconv(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
         DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
         cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
         checkCudnnErr(status);
-        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error");
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
     } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
       std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
     }
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ run_dconv_add(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
         DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
         cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
         checkCudnnErr(status);
-        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error");
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
     } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
       std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
     }
@@ -1608,76 +1608,1387 @@ std::vector<at::Tensor> bottleneck_backward(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1,
 
 namespace {
 
-struct bottleneck_forward_status {
+enum {
+    X_TENSOR,
+    Y_TENSOR,
+    W_TENSOR,
+    Z_TENSOR,
+    B_TENSOR,
+    AFTERADD_TENSOR,
+    AFTERBIAS_TENSOR,
+    AFTERCONV_TENSOR,
+    OPTIONAL,
+    AFTEROPT_TENSOR,
+    AFTERACT_TENSOR,
+    GEN_INDEX_TENSOR,
+    MASK_TOP_TENSOR,
+    MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR,
+    MASK_TENSOR,
+    THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR,
+    THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR,
+};
 
-  int64_t dimA[4];
-  int64_t filterdimA1[4];
-  int64_t filterdimA2[4];
-  int64_t filterdimA3[4];
-  int64_t filterdimA4[4];
+using masked_convbias_descriptors = std::tuple<cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::Tensor>;
 
-  int axis[4];
+masked_convbias_descriptors
+create_conv_bias_add_act_mask_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                                          int64_t* padA,
+					  int64_t* convstrideA,
+					  int64_t* dilationA,
+					  int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+					  int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+					  int64_t* threshold_dim,
+					  cudnnDataType_t dataType) {
+    const int convDim = 2;
 
-  int64_t outdimA0[4];
-  int64_t outdimA1[4];
-  int64_t outdimA2[4];
-  int64_t outdimA3[4];
-  int64_t outdimA4[4];
+    int64_t b_dim_padded[4];
+    b_dim_padded[0] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[1] = y_dim_padded[1];
+    b_dim_padded[2] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[3] = 1;
 
-  int64_t padA[2];
-  int64_t padA1[2];
-  int64_t padA2[2];  // halo padding
-  int64_t dilationA[2];
-  int64_t convstrideA[2];
-  int64_t convstride1X1[2];
+    int64_t x_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t y_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t w_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t b_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t threshold_stride[4];
 
-  int64_t outdim0[4]; // halo input shape
-  int64_t outdim1[4];
-  int64_t outdim2[4];
-  int64_t outdim3[4];
-  int64_t outdim4[4]; // halo output shape
+    generateStrides(w_dim_padded, w_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(x_dim_padded, x_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(y_dim_padded, y_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(b_dim_padded, b_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(threshold_dim, threshold_stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
 
-  void init(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs) {
-    dimA[0] = dimA[1] = dimA[2] = dimA[3] = 0;
-    filterdimA1[0] = filterdimA1[1] = filterdimA1[2] = filterdimA1[3] = 0;
-    filterdimA2[0] = filterdimA2[1] = filterdimA2[2] = filterdimA2[3] = 0;
-    filterdimA3[0] = filterdimA3[1] = filterdimA3[2] = filterdimA3[3] = 0;
-    filterdimA4[0] = filterdimA4[1] = filterdimA4[2] = filterdimA4[3] = 0;
+    return masked_convbias_descriptors(cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('x')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('y')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, w_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, w_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('w')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, b_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, b_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('z')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, b_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, b_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('b')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setId('A')  // after add
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setId('B')  // after bias
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('C')  // after conv
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('i')
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(dataType)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('D')  // after optional add
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('E')  // after act for masked
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('I')  // output of the gen index operation
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('m')  // top half of the mask created after the less than
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('n')  // bottom half of the mask
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                                           .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                                           .setId('M')  // OR of the top and bottom masks
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setVirtual()
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, threshold_dim)
+                                           .setStrides(4, threshold_stride)
+                                           .setId('t')  // threshold for creating the top mask
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+                                           .build(),
+                                       cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                                           .setDim(4, threshold_dim)
+                                           .setStrides(4, threshold_stride)
+                                           .setId('u')  // threshold for creating the bottom mask
+                                           .setAlignment(16)
+                                           .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+                                           .build());
+}
 
-    // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
-    if (explicit_nhwc) {
-      axis[0] = 0;
-      axis[1] = 3;
-      axis[2] = 1;
-      axis[3] = 2;
-    } else {
-      axis[0] = 0;
-      axis[1] = 1;
-      axis[2] = 2;
-      axis[3] = 3;
-    }
+// tensor descriptors used for dgrad
+enum {
+    X_OR_DX_TENSOR,
+    DY_TENSOR,
+    W_OR_DW_TENSOR,
+    SCALE_TENSOR,
+    RELU_TENSOR,
+    AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR,
+    AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_INPUT_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_GEN_INDEX_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_MASK_TOP_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_MASK_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR,
+    DGRAD_THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR,
+};
 
-    for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
-      dimA[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
-      filterdimA1[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
-      filterdimA2[dim] = inputs[2].size(axis[dim]);
-      filterdimA3[dim] = inputs[3].size(axis[dim]);
-    }
-    if (stride_1X1 != 1 || filterdimA3[0] != dimA[1]) {
-      for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
-	filterdimA4[dim] = inputs[10].size(axis[dim]);
-      }
-    }
+using dconv_add_descriptors = std::tuple<cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                         cudnn_frontend::Tensor>;
 
-    // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
-    outdimA0[0] = outdimA0[1] = outdimA0[2] = outdimA0[3] = 0;
-    outdimA1[0] = outdimA1[1] = outdimA1[2] = outdimA1[3] = 0;
-    outdimA2[0] = outdimA2[1] = outdimA2[2] = outdimA2[3] = 0;
-    outdimA3[0] = outdimA3[1] = outdimA3[2] = outdimA3[3] = 0;
-    outdimA4[0] = outdimA4[1] = outdimA4[2] = outdimA4[3] = 0;
+dconv_add_descriptors
+create_dconv_add_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                             int64_t* padA,
+                             int64_t* convstrideA,
+                             int64_t* dilationA,
+                             int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+                             int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+                             cudnnDataType_t dataType) {
+    const int convDim = 2;
 
-    // use these fixed value for test run
-    padA[0] = 0; padA[1] = 0;
+    int64_t b_dim_padded[4];
+    b_dim_padded[0] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[1] = x_dim_padded[1];
+    b_dim_padded[2] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[3] = 1;
+
+    int64_t x_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t y_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t w_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t b_stride_padded[4];
+
+    generateStrides(w_dim_padded, w_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(x_dim_padded, x_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(y_dim_padded, y_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(b_dim_padded, b_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+
+    return dconv_add_descriptors(cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('x')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('y')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, w_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, w_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('w')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, b_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, b_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('s')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('r')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setVirtual()
+                             .setId('A')  // after dconv
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setVirtual()
+                             .setId('B')  // after drelu
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('i')
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setDataType(dataType)
+			     .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('D')  // after optional add
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			     .build());
+}
+
+using dconv_mask_descriptors = std::tuple<cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+                                          cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor,
+					  cudnn_frontend::Tensor>;
+
+dconv_mask_descriptors
+create_dconv_mask_descriptors(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                              int64_t* padA,
+			      int64_t* convstrideA,
+			      int64_t* dilationA,
+			      int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+			      int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+			      int64_t* threshold_dim,
+			      cudnnDataType_t dataType) {
+    const int convDim = 2;
+
+    int64_t b_dim_padded[4];
+    b_dim_padded[0] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[1] = x_dim_padded[1];
+    b_dim_padded[2] = 1;
+    b_dim_padded[3] = 1;
+
+    int64_t x_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t y_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t w_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t b_stride_padded[4];
+    int64_t threshold_stride[4];
+
+    generateStrides(w_dim_padded, w_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(x_dim_padded, x_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(y_dim_padded, y_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(b_dim_padded, b_stride_padded, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+    generateStrides(threshold_dim, threshold_stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+
+    return dconv_mask_descriptors(cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('x')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('y')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, w_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, w_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('w')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, b_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, b_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('s')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setId('r')
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(dataType)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setVirtual()
+                             .setId('A')  // after dconv
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, x_dim_padded)
+                             .setStrides(4, x_stride_padded)
+                             .setVirtual()
+                             .setId('B')  // after drelu
+                             .setAlignment(16)
+                             .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                             .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('i')
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setDataType(dataType)
+			     .build(),
+                             cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                             .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('D')  // after optional add
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('I')  // output of the gen index operation
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('m')  // top half of the mask created after the less than
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('n')  // bottom half of the mask
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, y_dim_padded)
+			     .setStrides(4, y_stride_padded)
+			     .setId('M')  // OR of the top and bottom masks
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setVirtual()
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, threshold_dim)
+			     .setStrides(4, threshold_stride)
+			     .setId('t')  // threshold for creating the top mask
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+			     .build(),
+			     cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			     .setDim(4, threshold_dim)
+			     .setStrides(4, threshold_stride)
+			     .setId('u')  // threshold for creating the bottom mask
+			     .setAlignment(16)
+			     .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT32)
+			     .build());
+}
+
+void
+run_conv_add_scale_bias_activation(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                                   int64_t* pad,
+				   int64_t* convstride,
+				   int64_t* dilation,
+				   int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+				   int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+				   cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+				   at::Half* devPtrX,
+				   at::Half* devPtrW,
+				   at::Half* devPtrY,
+				   at::Half* devPtrZ,
+				   at::Half* devPtrB,
+				   at::Half* devPtrI) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+        int convDim = 2;
+
+        // Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+        common_convbias_descriptors tensors = create_conv_bias_add_act_descriptors(
+            x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, y_dim_padded, dataType);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<X_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<Y_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<W_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<Z_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<B_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERADD_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERBIAS_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERCONV_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<OPTIONAL>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTEROPT_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+
+        // Define the add operation
+        auto scaleDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_MUL)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scaleDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the bias operation
+        auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+        // optional add
+        auto addDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, addDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the activation operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_FWD)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(convDim)
+                            .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+                            .setPrePadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_FORWARD_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(std::get<X_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setwDesc(std::get<W_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setcDesc(convDesc)
+                           .setAlpha(alpha)
+                           .setBeta(beta)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // create an add node.
+        auto add_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(conv_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<OPTIONAL>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTEROPT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(addDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, add_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Add Node with scaling parameters.
+        auto scale_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(add_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<Z_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERADD_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(scaleDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scale_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Bias Node.
+        auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(scale_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<B_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERBIAS_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(biasDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Activation Node.
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(bias_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<Y_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution add bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 5> ops = {&conv_op, &add_op, &scale_op, &bias_op, &act_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY, devPtrW, devPtrZ, devPtrB, devPtrI};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y', 'w', 'z', 'b', 'i'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+                               .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+                               .setDataPointers(6, data_ptrs)
+                               .setUids(6, uids)
+                               .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+run_conv_scale_bias_add_activation_mask(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                                        int64_t* pad,
+                                        int64_t* convstride,
+					int64_t* dilation,
+					int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+					int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+					int64_t* threshold_dim,
+					cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+					at::Half* devPtrX,
+					at::Half* devPtrW,
+					at::Half* devPtrY,
+					at::Half* devPtrZ,
+					at::Half* devPtrB,
+					at::Half* devPtrI,
+					int* devPtrT,
+					int* devPtrU,
+					int axis) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+        int convDim = 2;
+
+        // Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+        masked_convbias_descriptors tensors = create_conv_bias_add_act_mask_descriptors(
+            x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, y_dim_padded, threshold_dim, dataType);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<X_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<Y_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<W_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<Z_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<B_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERADD_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERBIAS_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERCONV_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<OPTIONAL>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTERACT_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<MASK_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+
+        // Define the add operation
+        auto scaleDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_MUL)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scaleDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the bias operation
+        auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+        // optional add
+        auto addDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, addDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the activation operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_FWD)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(convDim)
+                            .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+                            .setPrePadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the genIndex descriptor
+        auto genIndexDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_GEN_INDEX)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .setAxis(axis)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, genIndexDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the lessThan descriptor
+        auto lessThanDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_CMP_LT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, lessThanDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the greaterThan descriptor
+        auto greaterThanDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_CMP_GT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, greaterThanDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the logical_or descriptor
+        auto logicalOrDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_LOGICAL_OR)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, logicalOrDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the binary_selection descriptor
+        auto selectionDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_BINARY_SELECT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, selectionDesc.describe());
+
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_FORWARD_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(std::get<X_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setwDesc(std::get<W_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setcDesc(convDesc)
+                           .setAlpha(alpha)
+                           .setBeta(beta)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Add Node with scaling parameters.
+        auto scale_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(conv_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<Z_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERADD_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(scaleDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scale_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Bias Node.
+        auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(scale_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<B_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERBIAS_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(biasDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a optional add Node.
+        auto add_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(bias_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<OPTIONAL>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<AFTEROPT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(addDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, add_op.describe());
+
+
+        // Create an Activation Node.
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setxDesc(devPtrI ? add_op.getOutputTensor() : bias_op.getOutputTensor())
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<AFTERACT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Gen_Index Node.
+        auto genIndex_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<AFTERACT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(genIndexDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, genIndex_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a LessThan Node.
+        auto lessThan_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(lessThanDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, lessThan_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a GreaterThan Node.
+        auto greaterThan_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(greaterThanDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, greaterThan_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a LogicalOr Node.
+        auto logicalOr_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<MASK_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(logicalOrDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, logicalOr_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Binary_Selection Node.
+        auto selection_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<AFTERCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<AFTERACT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .settDesc(std::get<MASK_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<Y_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(selectionDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, selection_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution add bias activation
+	if (devPtrI) {
+
+	  std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 10> ops = {&conv_op, &scale_op, &bias_op, &add_op, &act_op, &genIndex_op, &lessThan_op, &greaterThan_op, &logicalOr_op, &selection_op};
+
+	  auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+            .setHandle(handle_)
+            .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+            .build();
+
+	  // Create string encoding for plan caching
+	  auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+	  auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+	  auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+	  void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+	  auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+	  if (workspace_size > 0) {
+	    workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+	  }
+	  void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY, devPtrW, devPtrZ, devPtrB, devPtrI, devPtrT, devPtrU};
+	  int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y', 'w', 'z', 'b', 'i', 't', 'u'};
+	  auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+	    .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+	    .setDataPointers(8, data_ptrs)
+	    .setUids(8, uids)
+	    .build();
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+	  cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+	  checkCudnnErr(status);
+	  cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+	} else {
+
+	  std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 9> ops = {&conv_op, &scale_op, &bias_op, &act_op, &genIndex_op, &lessThan_op, &greaterThan_op, &logicalOr_op, &selection_op};
+
+	  auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+            .setHandle(handle_)
+            .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+            .build();
+
+	  // Create string encoding for plan caching
+	  auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+	  auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+	  auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+	  void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+	  auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+	  if (workspace_size > 0) {
+	    workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+	  }
+	  void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY, devPtrW, devPtrZ, devPtrB, devPtrT, devPtrU};
+	  int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y', 'w', 'z', 'b', 't', 'u'};
+	  auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+	    .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+	    .setDataPointers(7, data_ptrs)
+	    .setUids(7, uids)
+	    .build();
+	  DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+	  cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+	  checkCudnnErr(status);
+	  cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+	}
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+run_dconv_add_drelu_dscale(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                       int64_t* pad,
+                       int64_t* convstride,
+                       int64_t* dilation,
+                       int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+                       int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+                       cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                       at::Half* devPtrX,
+                       at::Half* devPtrW,
+                       at::Half* devPtrY,
+                       at::Half* devPtrZ,
+                       at::Half* devPtrR,
+		       at::Half* devPtrI) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+        int convDim = 2;
+
+        // Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+        dconv_add_descriptors tensors = create_dconv_add_descriptors(
+            x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, y_dim_padded, dataType);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<X_OR_DX_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DY_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<W_OR_DW_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<SCALE_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<RELU_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_INPUT_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(convDim)
+                            .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+                            .setPrePadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // optional add
+        auto addDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, addDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the activation backward operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+          .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_BWD)
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the scale backward operation
+        auto scaleDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+          .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_MUL)
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scaleDesc.describe());
+
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setdxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setwDesc(std::get<W_OR_DW_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setdyDesc(std::get<DY_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setcDesc(convDesc)
+          .setAlpha(alpha)
+          .setBeta(beta)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create add Node.
+        auto add_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setbDesc(std::get<DGRAD_INPUT_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                           .setpwDesc(addDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, add_op.describe());
+
+        // TODO: do we need getOutputTensor(), and what it returns in backward case?
+        // Create an relu backward Node.
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setdyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setxDesc(std::get<RELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setdxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Scale Node.
+        auto scale_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setbDesc(std::get<SCALE_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setyDesc(std::get<X_OR_DX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setpwDesc(scaleDesc)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scale_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution add bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 4> ops = {&conv_op, &add_op, &act_op, &scale_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY, devPtrW, devPtrZ, devPtrR, devPtrI};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y', 'w', 's', 'r', 'i'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+          .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(6, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(6, uids)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+run_dconv_drelu_dscale_mask(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                            int64_t* pad,
+			    int64_t* convstride,
+			    int64_t* dilation,
+			    int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+			    int64_t* y_dim_padded,
+			    int64_t* threshold_dim,
+			    cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+			    at::Half* devPtrX,
+			    at::Half* devPtrW,
+			    at::Half* devPtrY,
+			    at::Half* devPtrZ,
+			    at::Half* devPtrR,
+			    int* devPtrT,
+			    int* devPtrU,
+			    int axis) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+        int convDim = 2;
+
+        // Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+        dconv_mask_descriptors tensors = create_dconv_mask_descriptors(
+            x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, y_dim_padded, threshold_dim, dataType);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<X_OR_DX_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DY_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<W_OR_DW_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<SCALE_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<RELU_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, std::get<DGRAD_THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors).describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(convDim)
+                            .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+                            .setPrePadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(convDim, pad)
+                            .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the activation backward operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+          .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_BWD)
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the scale backward operation
+        auto scaleDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+          .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_MUL)
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scaleDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the genIndex descriptor
+        auto genIndexDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_GEN_INDEX)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .setAxis(axis)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, genIndexDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the lessThan descriptor
+        auto lessThanDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_CMP_LT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, lessThanDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the greaterThan descriptor
+        auto greaterThanDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_CMP_GT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, greaterThanDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the logical_or descriptor
+        auto logicalOrDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_LOGICAL_OR)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_BOOLEAN)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, logicalOrDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the binary_selection descriptor
+        auto selectionDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_BINARY_SELECT)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, selectionDesc.describe());
+
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setdxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setwDesc(std::get<W_OR_DW_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setdyDesc(std::get<DY_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setcDesc(convDesc)
+          .setAlpha(alpha)
+          .setBeta(beta)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // TODO: do we need getOutputTensor(), and what it returns in backward case?
+        // Create an relu backward Node.
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setdyDesc(std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setxDesc(std::get<RELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setdxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Scale Node.
+        auto scale_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+          .setxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DRELU_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setbDesc(std::get<SCALE_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors))
+          .setpwDesc(scaleDesc)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, scale_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Gen_Index Node.
+        auto genIndex_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(genIndexDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, genIndex_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a LessThan Node.
+        auto lessThan_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<DGRAD_GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<DGRAD_THRESHOLD_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(lessThanDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, lessThan_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a GreaterThan Node.
+        auto greaterThan_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<DGRAD_GEN_INDEX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<DGRAD_THRESHOLD_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(greaterThanDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, greaterThan_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a LogicalOr Node.
+        auto logicalOr_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TOP_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_BOTTOM_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(logicalOrDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, logicalOr_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Binary_Selection Node.
+        auto selection_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(std::get<AFTER_DCONV_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setbDesc(std::get<DGRAD_OPTIONAL_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .settDesc(std::get<DGRAD_MASK_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setyDesc(std::get<X_OR_DX_TENSOR>(tensors))
+                          .setpwDesc(selectionDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, selection_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution add bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 8> ops = {&conv_op, &act_op, &scale_op, &genIndex_op, &lessThan_op, &greaterThan_op, &logicalOr_op, &selection_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim_padded, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim_padded, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY, devPtrW, devPtrZ, devPtrR, devPtrT, devPtrU};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y', 'w', 's', 'r', 't', 'u'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+          .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(7, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(7, uids)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+struct bottleneck_forward_status {
+
+  int64_t dimA[4];
+  int64_t filterdimA1[4];
+  int64_t filterdimA2[4];
+  int64_t filterdimA2hh[4];
+  int64_t filterdimA3[4];
+  int64_t filterdimA4[4];
+
+  int64_t threshdim[4];
+
+  int axis[4];
+
+  int64_t outdimA0[4];
+  int64_t outdimA1[4];
+  int64_t outdimA1b[4]; // out1_pad
+  int64_t outdimA2[4];
+  int64_t outdimA3[4];
+  int64_t outdimA4[4];
+
+  int64_t padA[2];
+  int64_t padA1[2];
+  int64_t padA2[2];  // halo padding
+  int64_t dilationA[2];
+  int64_t convstrideA[2];
+  int64_t convstride1X1[2];
+
+  int64_t outdim0[4]; // halo input shape
+  int64_t outdim1[4];
+  int64_t outdim1b[4];
+  int64_t outdim2[4];
+  int64_t outdim3[4];
+  int64_t outdim4[4]; // halo output shape
+
+  void init(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs) {
+    dimA[0] = dimA[1] = dimA[2] = dimA[3] = 0;
+    filterdimA1[0] = filterdimA1[1] = filterdimA1[2] = filterdimA1[3] = 0;
+    filterdimA2[0] = filterdimA2[1] = filterdimA2[2] = filterdimA2[3] = 0;
+    filterdimA2hh[0] = filterdimA2hh[1] = filterdimA2hh[2] = filterdimA2hh[3] = 0;
+    filterdimA3[0] = filterdimA3[1] = filterdimA3[2] = filterdimA3[3] = 0;
+    filterdimA4[0] = filterdimA4[1] = filterdimA4[2] = filterdimA4[3] = 0;
+    threshdim[0] = threshdim[1] = threshdim[2] = threshdim[3] = 1;
+
+    // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+    if (explicit_nhwc) {
+      axis[0] = 0;
+      axis[1] = 3;
+      axis[2] = 1;
+      axis[3] = 2;
+    } else {
+      axis[0] = 0;
+      axis[1] = 1;
+      axis[2] = 2;
+      axis[3] = 3;
+    }
+
+    for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
+      dimA[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+      filterdimA1[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+      filterdimA2[dim] = inputs[2].size(axis[dim]);
+      filterdimA3[dim] = inputs[3].size(axis[dim]);
+    }
+    if (stride_1X1 != 1 || filterdimA3[0] != dimA[1]) {
+      for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
+	filterdimA4[dim] = inputs[10].size(axis[dim]);
+      }
+    }
+    for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
+      if (dim == 2) {
+	filterdimA2hh[dim] = 1;
+      } else {
+	filterdimA2hh[dim] = filterdimA2[dim];
+      }
+    }
+
+    // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
+    outdimA0[0] = outdimA0[1] = outdimA0[2] = outdimA0[3] = 0;
+    outdimA1[0] = outdimA1[1] = outdimA1[2] = outdimA1[3] = 0;
+    outdimA1b[0] = outdimA1b[1] = outdimA1b[2] = outdimA1b[3] = 0;
+    outdimA2[0] = outdimA2[1] = outdimA2[2] = outdimA2[3] = 0;
+    outdimA3[0] = outdimA3[1] = outdimA3[2] = outdimA3[3] = 0;
+    outdimA4[0] = outdimA4[1] = outdimA4[2] = outdimA4[3] = 0;
+
+    // use these fixed value for test run
+    padA[0] = 0; padA[1] = 0;
     padA1[0] = 1; padA1[1] = 1;
     padA2[0] = 0; padA2[1] = 1;
     dilationA[0] = 1; dilationA[1] = 1;
@@ -1690,6 +3001,13 @@ struct bottleneck_forward_status {
     for (int dim = 0; dim < 2; dim++) {
       outdimA1[dim + 2] = getFwdConvOutputDim(dimA[dim + 2], padA[dim], filterdimA1[dim + 2], convstride1X1[dim], dilationA[dim]);
     }
+    for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+      if (dim == 2) {
+        outdimA1b[dim] = outdimA1[dim] + 2;
+      } else {
+        outdimA1b[dim] = outdimA1[dim];
+      }
+    }
 
     outdimA2[0] = outdimA1[0];
     outdimA2[1] = filterdimA2[0];
@@ -1715,6 +3033,7 @@ struct bottleneck_forward_status {
 
     // Create output tensor in the correct shape in pytorch's view
     outdim1[0] = outdim1[1] = outdim1[2] = outdim1[3] = 0;
+    outdim1b[0] = outdim1b[1] = outdim1b[2] = outdim1b[3] = 0;
     outdim2[0] = outdim2[1] = outdim2[2] = outdim2[3] = 0;
     outdim3[0] = outdim3[1] = outdim3[2] = outdim3[3] = 0;
     if (explicit_nhwc) {
@@ -1726,6 +3045,7 @@ struct bottleneck_forward_status {
     for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
       outdim0[dim] = outdimA0[axis[dim]];
       outdim1[dim] = outdimA1[axis[dim]];
+      outdim1b[dim] = outdimA1b[axis[dim]];
       outdim2[dim] = outdimA2[axis[dim]];
       outdim3[dim] = outdimA3[axis[dim]];
       outdim4[dim] = outdimA4[axis[dim]];
@@ -1821,6 +3141,41 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_forward_out2_halo(bool explicit_nhwc, at::Tensor fat_halo_
   return halo_y2;
 }
 
+// compute halo correction term (top or bottom) from slim halo input (N,C,1,W).
+// slim halo input is 1 pixel wide in H.
+at::Tensor bottleneck_forward_out2_halo_corr(bool explicit_nhwc, at::Tensor slim_halo_y1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, at::Tensor w1by3, at::Tensor out2_part_halo) {
+
+  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* w = w1by3.data_ptr<at::Half>();  // C,C,1,3
+  at::Half* z = inputs[5].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[8].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  at::Half* y1 = slim_halo_y1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  at::Half* prev_out2 = out2_part_halo.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  auto halo_y2 = at::empty(forward_state.outdim4, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* y2 = halo_y2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  run_conv_add_scale_bias_activation(forward_state.outdimA4,
+                                     forward_state.padA2,
+                                     forward_state.convstrideA,
+                                     forward_state.dilationA,
+                                     forward_state.filterdimA2hh,
+                                     forward_state.outdimA4,
+                                     CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+                                     y1,
+                                     w,
+                                     y2,
+                                     z,
+                                     b,
+				     prev_out2);
+
+  return halo_y2;
+}
+
 void bottleneck_forward_out2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs) {
 
   std::cout << std::fixed;
@@ -1859,6 +3214,86 @@ void bottleneck_forward_out2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at:
   DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new relu2 : " << out2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
 }
 
+void bottleneck_forward_out2_mask(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor thresholdTop, at::Tensor thresholdBottom) {
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // from _out1 method
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out1 = outputs[0];
+  at::Half* y1 = out1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* w = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* z = inputs[5].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[8].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out2 = outputs[1];
+  at::Half* y2 = out2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  //printf("forward_state.outdimA1 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.outdimA1[0],forward_state.outdimA1[1],forward_state.outdimA1[2],forward_state.outdimA1[3]);
+  //printf("forward_state.padA1 = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.padA1[0],forward_state.padA1[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.convstrideA = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.convstrideA[0],forward_state.convstrideA[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.dilationA = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.dilationA[0],forward_state.dilationA[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.filterdimA2 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.filterdimA2[0],forward_state.filterdimA2[1],forward_state.filterdimA2[2],forward_state.filterdimA2[3]);
+  //printf("forward_state.outdimA2 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.outdimA2[0],forward_state.outdimA2[1],forward_state.outdimA2[2],forward_state.outdimA2[3]);
+  run_conv_scale_bias_add_activation_mask(forward_state.outdimA1,
+                                          forward_state.padA1,
+					  forward_state.convstrideA,
+					  forward_state.dilationA,
+					  forward_state.filterdimA2,
+					  forward_state.outdimA2,
+					  forward_state.threshdim,
+					  CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+					  y1,
+					  w,
+					  y2,
+					  z,
+					  b,
+					  nullptr,
+					  thresholdTop.data_ptr<int>(),
+                                          thresholdBottom.data_ptr<int>(),
+					  2);  // axis == 1 -> Does this assume explicit NHWC?
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new relu2 : " << out2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+}
+
+void bottleneck_forward_out2_pad(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor out1_pad) {
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // from _out1 method
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out1 = outputs[0];
+  at::Half* y1 = out1_pad.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* w = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* z = inputs[5].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[8].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out2 = outputs[1];
+  at::Half* y2 = out2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  //printf("forward_state.outdimA1 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.outdimA1[0],forward_state.outdimA1[1],forward_state.outdimA1[2],forward_state.outdimA1[3]);
+  //printf("forward_state.padA1 = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.padA1[0],forward_state.padA1[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.convstrideA = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.convstrideA[0],forward_state.convstrideA[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.dilationA = {%d,%d}\n",forward_state.dilationA[0],forward_state.dilationA[1]);
+  //printf("forward_state.filterdimA2 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.filterdimA2[0],forward_state.filterdimA2[1],forward_state.filterdimA2[2],forward_state.filterdimA2[3]);
+  //printf("forward_state.outdimA2 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",forward_state.outdimA2[0],forward_state.outdimA2[1],forward_state.outdimA2[2],forward_state.outdimA2[3]);
+  run_conv_scale_bias_add_activation(forward_state.outdimA1b,
+                                     forward_state.padA2,
+                                     forward_state.convstrideA,
+                                     forward_state.dilationA,
+                                     forward_state.filterdimA2,
+                                     forward_state.outdimA2,
+                                     CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+                                     y1,
+                                     w,
+                                     y2,
+                                     z,
+                                     b,
+                                     nullptr);
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new relu2 : " << out2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+}
+
 void bottleneck_forward_rest(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs) {
 
   std::cout << std::fixed;
@@ -1932,10 +3367,12 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
   int64_t filterdimA3[4];
   int64_t filterdimA4[4];
   int64_t filterdimA2hh[4]; // Cin,Cout,1,3
+  int64_t threshdim[4];
 
   int axis[4];
 
   int64_t outdimA1[4]; // grad_out1
+  int64_t outdimA1b[4]; // out1_pad
   int64_t outdimA2[4]; // grad_out2
   int64_t outdimA3[4];
   int64_t outdimA1h[4]; // output: grad_out1 halo (H=3)
@@ -1953,9 +3390,11 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
   int64_t filterdim2hh[4]; // Cin,1,3,Cout
 
   int64_t outdim1[4];
+  int64_t outdim1b[4];
   int64_t outdim2[4];
   int64_t outdim3[4];
   int64_t outdim1h[4];
+  int64_t outdim1hh[4];
 
   void init(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs) {
     // setup dimensions
@@ -1965,6 +3404,7 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
     filterdimA3[0] = filterdimA3[1] = filterdimA3[2] = filterdimA3[3] = 0;
     filterdimA4[0] = filterdimA4[1] = filterdimA4[2] = filterdimA4[3] = 0;
     filterdimA2hh[0] = filterdimA2hh[1] = filterdimA2hh[2] = filterdimA2hh[3] = 0;
+    threshdim[0] = threshdim[1] = threshdim[2] = threshdim[3] = 1;
 
     // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
     if (explicit_nhwc) {
@@ -2001,6 +3441,7 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
 
     // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
     outdimA1[0] = outdimA1[1] = outdimA1[2] = outdimA1[3] = 0;
+    outdimA1b[0] = outdimA1b[1] = outdimA1b[2] = outdimA1b[3] = 0;
     outdimA2[0] = outdimA2[1] = outdimA2[2] = outdimA2[3] = 0;
     outdimA3[0] = outdimA3[1] = outdimA3[2] = outdimA3[3] = 0;
     outdimA1h[0] = outdimA1h[1] = outdimA1h[2] = outdimA1h[3] = 0;
@@ -2022,6 +3463,13 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
     for (int dim = 0; dim < 2; dim++) {
       outdimA1[dim + 2] = getFwdConvOutputDim(dimA[dim + 2], padA[dim], filterdimA1[dim + 2], convstride1X1[dim], dilationA[dim]);
     }
+    for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+      if (dim == 2) {
+	outdimA1b[dim] = outdimA1[dim] + 2;
+      } else {
+	outdimA1b[dim] = outdimA1[dim];
+      }
+    }
 
     outdimA2[0] = outdimA1[0];
     outdimA2[1] = filterdimA2[0];
@@ -2051,9 +3499,11 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
 
     // Create output tensor in the correct shape in pytorch's view
     outdim1[0] = outdim1[1] = outdim1[2] = outdim1[3] = 0;
+    outdim1b[0] = outdim1b[1] = outdim1b[2] = outdim1b[3] = 0;
     outdim2[0] = outdim2[1] = outdim2[2] = outdim2[3] = 0;
     outdim3[0] = outdim3[1] = outdim3[2] = outdim3[3] = 0;
     outdim1h[0] = outdim1h[1] = outdim1h[2] = outdim1h[3] = 0;
+    outdim1hh[0] = outdim1hh[1] = outdim1hh[2] = outdim1hh[3] = 0;
     filterdim2hh[0] = filterdim2hh[1] = filterdim2hh[2] = filterdim2hh[3] = 0;
     if (explicit_nhwc) {
       axis[0] = 0;
@@ -2063,9 +3513,11 @@ struct bottleneck_backward_state {
     }
     for (int dim=0;dim<4;dim++) {
       outdim1[dim] = outdimA1[axis[dim]];
+      outdim1b[dim] = outdimA1b[axis[dim]];
       outdim2[dim] = outdimA2[axis[dim]];
       outdim3[dim] = outdimA3[axis[dim]];
       outdim1h[dim] = outdimA1h[axis[dim]];
+      outdim1hh[dim] = outdimA1hh[axis[dim]];
       filterdim2hh[dim] = filterdimA2hh[axis[dim]];
     }
   }
@@ -2102,19 +3554,12 @@ std::vector<at::Tensor> bottleneck_backward_init(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_
   return outputs;
 }
 
-at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs) {
-
-  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
-
-  std::cout << std::fixed;
-  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+void bottleneck_backward_wgrad3(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs) {
 
   // dconv3+drelu2+dscale2
   at::Half* conv_in = inputs[13].data_ptr<at::Half>();
   at::Half* dy3 = inputs[10].data_ptr<at::Half>();
 
-  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new dconv3 : " << inputs[10].to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
-
   // wgrad
   auto wgrad3 = outputs[3];
   at::Half* dw3 = wgrad3.data_ptr<at::Half>();
@@ -2129,6 +3574,22 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std
             dw3,
             dy3,
             CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad3 : " << wgrad3.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+
+}
+
+at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs) {
+
+  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // dconv3+drelu2+dscale2
+  at::Half* conv_in = inputs[13].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* dy3 = inputs[10].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new dconv3 : " << inputs[10].to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
 
   // dgrad
   auto grad_out2 = at::empty(backward_state.outdim2, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
@@ -2178,6 +3639,7 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std
   //printf("relu.shape = [%d,%d,%d,%d]\n",inputs[12].size(0),inputs[12].size(1),inputs[12].size(2),inputs[12].size(3));
 
   // fused dgrad
+  //printf("backward_state.outdim1 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",backward_state.outdim1[0],backward_state.outdim1[1],backward_state.outdim1[2],backward_state.outdim1[3]);
   run_dconv_drelu_dscale(backward_state.outdimA1,
                          backward_state.padA1,
                          backward_state.convstrideA,
@@ -2194,6 +3656,88 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std
   return grad_out1;
 }
 
+at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_mask(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2, at::Tensor thresholdTop, at::Tensor thresholdBottom) {
+
+  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // dgrad
+  at::Half* dy2 = grad_out2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // dgrad
+  auto grad_out1 = at::empty(backward_state.outdim1, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* dy1 = grad_out1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* w = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* z = inputs[4].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  at::Half* relu1 = inputs[12].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  //printf("relu.shape = [%d,%d,%d,%d]\n",inputs[12].size(0),inputs[12].size(1),inputs[12].size(2),inputs[12].size(3));
+
+  // fused dgrad
+  run_dconv_drelu_dscale_mask(backward_state.outdimA1,
+                              backward_state.padA1,
+                              backward_state.convstrideA,
+                              backward_state.dilationA,
+                              backward_state.filterdimA2,
+                              backward_state.outdimA2,
+			      backward_state.threshdim,
+                              CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+                              dy1,
+                              w,
+                              dy2,
+                              z,
+                              relu1,
+		              thresholdTop.data_ptr<int>(),
+                              thresholdBottom.data_ptr<int>(),
+			      2);
+
+  return grad_out1;
+}
+
+// perform backward data 1x3 convolution (grad_out * w_rot180) on grad_out2 input of shape [N,1,W,C] with padding=(0,1) to produce output of shape [N,1,W,C]
+at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_halo_corr(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, at::Tensor w1by3, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2_halo, at::Tensor relu1_halo, at::Tensor part_grad_out1) {
+
+  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // dgrad
+  at::Half* dy2h = grad_out2_halo.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // dgrad
+  auto grad_out1_halo = at::empty(backward_state.outdim1hh, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* dy1h = grad_out1_halo.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  //at::Half* w = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();  // use w1by3 instead, which is a sliced version of inputs[2]
+  at::Half* w = w1by3.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* z = inputs[4].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* relu1h = relu1_halo.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* pdy1h = part_grad_out1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  //printf("relu.shape = [%d,%d,%d,%d]\n",relu1_halo.size(0),relu1_halo.size(1),relu1_halo.size(2),relu1_halo.size(3));
+  // fused dgrad
+  //printf("backward_state.outdimA1h = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",backward_state.outdimA1h[0],backward_state.outdimA1h[1],backward_state.outdimA1h[2],backward_state.outdimA1h[3]);
+  //printf("backward_state.outdimA2h = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",backward_state.outdimA2h[0],backward_state.outdimA2h[1],backward_state.outdimA2h[2],backward_state.outdimA2h[3]);
+  //printf("backward_state.filterdimA2 = {%d,%d,%d,%d}\n",backward_state.filterdimA2[0],backward_state.filterdimA2[1],backward_state.filterdimA2[2],backward_state.filterdimA2[3]);
+  run_dconv_add_drelu_dscale(backward_state.outdimA1hh,
+                             backward_state.padA2, // 0,1
+			     backward_state.convstrideA,
+			     backward_state.dilationA,
+			     backward_state.filterdimA2hh, // C,1,3,C
+			     backward_state.outdimA2hh,
+			     CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+			     dy1h,
+			     w,
+			     dy2h,
+			     z,
+			     relu1h,
+			     pdy1h);
+
+  return grad_out1_halo;
+}
+
 // perform backward data 3x3 convolution (grad_out * w_rot180) on grad_out2 input of shape [N,3,W,C] with padding=(1,1) to produce output of shape [N,3,W,C]
 at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_halo(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2_halo, at::Tensor relu1_halo) {
 
@@ -2233,7 +3777,38 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_halo(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1
   return grad_out1_halo;
 }
 
-at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_wgrad2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2) {
+void bottleneck_backward_wgrad2_pad(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor input, at::Tensor grad_out2) {
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+  auto output_format = explicit_nhwc ? at::MemoryFormat::Contiguous : at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // dgrad
+  at::Half* dy2 = grad_out2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // dconv2+drelu1+dscale1
+  at::Half* conv_in = input.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // wgrad
+  auto wgrad2 = outputs[2];
+  at::Half* dw2 = wgrad2.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  //printf("outdimA1b = (%d,%d,%d,%d)\n",backward_state.outdimA1b[0],backward_state.outdimA1b[1],backward_state.outdimA1b[2],backward_state.outdimA1b[3]);
+  //printf("backward_state.padA2 = {%d,%d}\n",backward_state.padA2[0],backward_state.padA2[1]);
+  run_dconv(backward_state.outdimA1b,	// conv_in.shape (including H halos)
+            backward_state.padA2,	// 0, 1
+            backward_state.convstrideA,
+            backward_state.dilationA,
+            backward_state.filterdimA2, // dw2.shape
+            backward_state.outdimA2,	// dy2.shape
+            CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+            conv_in,
+            dw2,
+            dy2,
+            CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad2 : " << wgrad2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+}
+
+void bottleneck_backward_wgrad2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2) {
 
   bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
 
@@ -2262,8 +3837,7 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_wgrad2(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::v
             dw2,
             dy2,
             CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
-
-  return wgrad2;
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad2 : " << wgrad2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
 }
 
 // compute halo cells for input volume of dimension [N,1,W,C] with padding=(0,1) to produce output volume of dimension [N,1,W,C]
@@ -2306,7 +3880,30 @@ at::Tensor bottleneck_backward_wgrad2_halo(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, s
   return wgrad2_halo;
 }
 
-void bottleneck_backward_rest(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2, at::Tensor grad_out1, at::Tensor wgrad2) {
+void bottleneck_backward_wgrad1(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out1) {
+
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* dy1 = grad_out1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  // dconv1+add
+  // wgrad
+  auto wgrad1 = outputs[1];
+  at::Half* dw1 = wgrad1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  run_dconv(backward_state.dimA,
+            backward_state.padA,
+            backward_state.convstride1X1,
+            backward_state.dilationA,
+            backward_state.filterdimA1,
+            backward_state.outdimA1,
+            CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+            x,
+            dw1,
+            dy1,
+            CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
+
+}
+
+void bottleneck_backward_rest(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs, at::Tensor grad_out2, at::Tensor grad_out1) {
 
   bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
 
@@ -2404,22 +4001,6 @@ void bottleneck_backward_rest(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at
     dx_conv4 = inputs[11].data_ptr<at::Half>();
   }
 
-  // dconv1+add
-  // wgrad
-  auto wgrad1 = outputs[1];
-  at::Half* dw1 = wgrad1.data_ptr<at::Half>();
-  run_dconv(backward_state.dimA,
-            backward_state.padA,
-            backward_state.convstride1X1,
-            backward_state.dilationA,
-            backward_state.filterdimA1,
-            backward_state.outdimA1,
-            CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
-            x,
-            dw1,
-            dy1,
-            CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
-
   // dgrad
   w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
   auto grad_x = outputs[0];
@@ -2460,8 +4041,6 @@ void bottleneck_backward_rest(bool explicit_nhwc, int stride_1X1, std::vector<at
 
   DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new dx : " << grad_x.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
   DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad1 : " << wgrad1.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
-  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad2 : " << wgrad2.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
-  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad3 : " << wgrad3.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
 
   if (stride_1X1 != 1 || backward_state.filterdimA3[0] != backward_state.dimA[1]) {
     DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] new wgrad4 : " << wgrad4.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
@@ -2474,13 +4053,21 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
   m.def("forward_init", &bottleneck_forward_init, "Bottleneck block init");
   m.def("forward_out1", &bottleneck_forward_out1, "Bottleneck block forward");
   m.def("forward_out2", &bottleneck_forward_out2, "Bottleneck block forward");
+  m.def("forward_out2_mask", &bottleneck_forward_out2_mask, "Bottleneck block forward");
   m.def("forward_out2_halo", &bottleneck_forward_out2_halo, "Bottleneck block forward");
+  m.def("forward_out2_halo_corr", &bottleneck_forward_out2_halo_corr, "Bottleneck block forward");
+  m.def("forward_out2_pad", &bottleneck_forward_out2_pad, "Bottleneck block forward");
   m.def("forward_rest", &bottleneck_forward_rest, "Bottleneck block forward");
   m.def("backward_init", &bottleneck_backward_init, "Bottleneck block backward init");
   m.def("backward_grad_out2", &bottleneck_backward_grad_out2, "Bottleneck block backward");
   m.def("backward_grad_out1", &bottleneck_backward_grad_out1, "Bottleneck block backward");
+  m.def("backward_grad_out1_mask", &bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_mask, "Bottleneck block backward");
   m.def("backward_grad_out1_halo", &bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_halo, "Bottleneck block backward");
+  m.def("backward_grad_out1_halo_corr", &bottleneck_backward_grad_out1_halo_corr, "Bottleneck block backward");
+  m.def("backward_wgrad2_pad", &bottleneck_backward_wgrad2_pad, "Bottleneck block backward");
   m.def("backward_wgrad2", &bottleneck_backward_wgrad2, "Bottleneck block backward");
   m.def("backward_wgrad2_halo", &bottleneck_backward_wgrad2_halo, "Bottleneck block backward");
+  m.def("backward_wgrad3", &bottleneck_backward_wgrad3, "Bottleneck block backward");
+  m.def("backward_wgrad1", &bottleneck_backward_wgrad1, "Bottleneck block backward");
   m.def("backward_rest", &bottleneck_backward_rest, "Bottleneck block backward");
 }

apex/contrib/csrc/conv_bias_relu/conv_bias_relu.cpp

+#include <ATen/ATen.h>
+#include <ATen/cudnn/Handle.h>  // for getcudnnhandle
+#include <torch/extension.h>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cudnn_frontend.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#define DEBUG_MSG(str) do { std::cout << str << std::endl; } while( false )
+#else
+#define DEBUG_MSG(str) do { } while ( false )
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_CUDNN
+#define DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(buf, str) do { buf << str << std::endl; } while( false )
+#else
+#define DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(buf, str) do { } while ( false )
+#endif
+
+#define CHECK_CUDA(x) AT_ASSERTM(x.type().is_cuda(), #x " must be a CUDA tensor")
+#define CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(x) AT_ASSERTM(x.is_contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast), #x " must be contiguous")
+#define CHECK_INPUT(x) CHECK_CUDA(x); CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(x)
+
+#define checkCudnnErr(...)                                                        \
+    do {                                                                          \
+        int err = checkCudnnError(__VA_ARGS__, #__VA_ARGS__, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
+        if (err) {                                                                \
+            return;                                                    \
+	}                                                                         \
+    } while (0)
+
+
+int checkCudnnError(cudnnStatus_t code, const char* expr, const char* file, int line) {
+    if (code) {
+        printf("CUDNN error at %s:%d, code=%d (%s) in '%s'\n", file, line, (int)code, cudnnGetErrorString(code), expr);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void checkError(cudaError_t code, char const * func, const char *file, const int line, bool abort = true);
+#define checkCUDAError(val) { checkError((val), #val, __FILE__, __LINE__); }    // in-line regular function
+
+void checkError(cudaError_t code, char const * func, const char *file, const int line, bool abort) {
+  if (code != cudaSuccess)
+  {
+    const char * errorMessage = cudaGetErrorString(code);
+    fprintf(stderr, "CUDA error returned from \"%s\" at %s:%d, Error code: %d (%s)\n", func, file, line, code, errorMessage);
+    if (abort){
+      cudaDeviceReset();
+      exit(code);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void generateStrides(const int64_t* dimA, int64_t* strideA, int nbDims, cudnnTensorFormat_t filterFormat) {
+    // For INT8x4 and INT8x32 we still compute standard strides here to input
+    // into the cuDNN functions. We will manually scale by resizeFactor in the cpu ref.
+    if (filterFormat == CUDNN_TENSOR_NCHW) {
+        strideA[nbDims - 1] = 1;
+        for (int64_t d = nbDims - 2; d >= 0; d--) {
+            strideA[d] = strideA[d + 1] * dimA[d + 1];
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Here we assume that the format is CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC
+	strideA[1]          = 1;
+        strideA[nbDims - 1] = strideA[1] * dimA[1];
+        for (int64_t d = nbDims - 2; d >= 2; d--) {
+            strideA[d] = strideA[d + 1] * dimA[d + 1];
+        }
+        strideA[0] = strideA[2] * dimA[2];
+    }
+}
+
+
+int getFwdConvDilatedFilterDim(int filterDim, int dilation) {
+    return ((filterDim - 1) * dilation) + 1;
+}
+
+
+int getFwdConvPaddedImageDim(int tensorDim, int pad) {
+    return tensorDim + (2 * pad);
+}
+
+
+int getFwdConvOutputDim(int tensorDim,
+                        int pad,
+                        int filterDim,
+                        int stride,
+                        int dilation) {
+    int p = (getFwdConvPaddedImageDim(tensorDim, pad) - getFwdConvDilatedFilterDim(filterDim, dilation)) / stride + 1;
+    return (p);
+}
+
+
+// create a cache for plan
+std::unordered_map<std::string, cudnn_frontend::ExecutionPlan> plan_cache;
+
+
+std::string getConvFusionString(int64_t* x_dim_padded,
+                                int64_t* padA,
+                                int64_t* convstrideA,
+                                int64_t* dilationA,
+                                int64_t* w_dim_padded,
+                                cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                                std::string fusion_string) {
+
+  for(int i=0;i<4;i++) {
+    fusion_string += 'X';
+    fusion_string += std::to_string(x_dim_padded[i]);
+  }
+  for(int i=0;i<4;i++) {
+    fusion_string += 'W';
+    fusion_string += std::to_string(w_dim_padded[i]);
+  }
+  for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
+    fusion_string += 'P';
+    fusion_string += std::to_string(padA[i]);
+  }
+  for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
+    fusion_string += 'S';
+    fusion_string += std::to_string(convstrideA[i]);
+  }
+  for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
+    fusion_string += 'D';
+    fusion_string += std::to_string(dilationA[i]);
+  }
+  fusion_string += 'T';
+  fusion_string += std::to_string(dataType);
+  return fusion_string;
+}
+
+
+cudnn_frontend::ExecutionPlan& getOrCreatePlan(cudnnHandle_t handle_,
+                                               std::stringstream& log_buf,
+                                               cudnn_frontend::OperationGraph& opGraph,
+                                               std::string cache_string,
+                                               bool use_heuristic = true){
+  auto it = plan_cache.find(cache_string);
+  if (it != plan_cache.end()) {
+    DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Found plan in cache");
+    return it->second;
+  } else {
+    if (use_heuristic){
+      // TODO: confirm which mode to use
+      auto heuristics = cudnn_frontend::EngineHeuristicsBuilder()
+        .setOperationGraph(opGraph)
+        .setHeurMode(CUDNN_HEUR_MODE_INSTANT)
+        .build();
+      // try 3 times for now as WAR for no heuristic training
+      int max_tries = 3, count = 0;
+      auto& engine_configs = heuristics.getEngineConfig(max_tries);
+      while(true) {
+        try {
+          plan_cache.emplace(cache_string, std::move(cudnn_frontend::ExecutionPlanBuilder()
+                                                     .setHandle(handle_)
+                                                     .setEngineConfig(engine_configs[count], opGraph.getTag())
+                                                     .build()));
+          break;
+        } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+          if (++count == max_tries) throw e;
+        }
+      }
+    }else{
+    DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "No plan in cache");
+    // How many engines support this operation graph ?
+    auto total_engines = opGraph.getEngineCount();
+    DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, opGraph.describe() << " has " << total_engines << " engines.");
+    // We have to randomly pick one engine from [0, total_engines)
+    // Selecting "0" by default
+    auto engine = cudnn_frontend::EngineBuilder().setGlobalEngineIdx(0).setOperationGraph(opGraph).build();
+    DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, engine.describe());
+    auto& knobs = engine.getSupportedKnobs();
+    for (auto it = std::begin(knobs); it != std::end(knobs); ++it) {
+      DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, it->describe());
+    }
+    if (knobs.begin() != knobs.end()) {
+      DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Updated knob choice");
+      knobs.begin()->setChoice(knobs.begin()->getMinValue() + 1);
+      DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, knobs.begin()->describe());
+    }
+
+    // Createmplacee the requisite engine config
+    auto engine_config = cudnn_frontend::EngineConfigBuilder().setEngine(engine).build();
+    DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, engine_config.describe());
+    plan_cache.emplace(cache_string, std::move(cudnn_frontend::ExecutionPlanBuilder().setHandle(handle_).setEngineConfig(engine_config).build()));
+    }
+
+    return plan_cache.find(cache_string)->second;
+  }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_conv_bias(int64_t* x_dim,
+              int64_t* w_dim,
+              int64_t* y_dim,
+              int64_t* conv_pad,
+              int64_t* convstride,
+              int64_t* dilation,
+              cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+              at::Half* devPtrX,
+              at::Half* devPtrW,
+              at::Half* devPtrB,
+              at::Half* devPtrY) {
+
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+
+    try {
+        int convDim = 2;
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, y_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	// Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto xTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, x_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('x')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, xTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(w_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto wTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, w_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('w')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterConvTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('c')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .setVirtual()
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterConvTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto bTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, b_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('b')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterBiasTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('y')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterBiasTensor.describe());
+
+        // Define the bias operation
+        auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(convDim)
+                            .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+                            .setPrePadding(convDim, conv_pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(convDim, conv_pad)
+                            .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_FORWARD_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(xTensor)
+                           .setwDesc(wTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterConvTensor)
+                           .setcDesc(convDesc)
+                           .setAlpha(alpha)
+                           .setBeta(beta)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Bias Node.
+        auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(conv_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(bTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterBiasTensor)
+                           .setpwDesc(biasDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 2> ops = {&conv_op, &bias_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(2, ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, conv_pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrW, devPtrB, devPtrY};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'w', 'b', 'y'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+                               .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(4, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(4, uids)
+                   .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_conv_bias_mask_relu(int64_t* x_dim,
+                        int64_t* w_dim,
+                        int64_t* y_dim,
+                        int64_t* conv_pad,
+                        int64_t* conv_stride,
+                        int64_t* conv_dilation,
+                        cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                        at::Half* devPtrX,
+                        at::Half* devPtrW,
+                        at::Half* devPtrB,
+                        int8_t* devPtrM,
+                        at::Half* devPtrY) {
+
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+
+    try {
+        int conv_dim = 2;
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, y_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	// Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto xTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+		 	    .setDim(4, x_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('x')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, xTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(w_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto wTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, w_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('w')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto mTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                            .setDim(4, y_dim)
+                            .setStrides(4, stride)
+                            .setId('m')
+                            .setAlignment(16)
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_INT8)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterConvTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('c')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .setVirtual()
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterConvTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto bTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, b_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('b')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterBiasTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('B')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .setVirtual()
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterBiasTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto afterMaskTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                            .setDim(4, y_dim)
+                            .setStrides(4, stride)
+                            .setId('M')
+                            .setAlignment(16)
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setVirtual()
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterBiasTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterReLUTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('y')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterReLUTensor.describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(conv_dim)
+                            .setStrides(conv_dim, conv_stride)
+                            .setPrePadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setDilation(conv_dim, conv_dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the bias operation
+        auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+	// Define the mask operation
+	auto maskDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+			    .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_MUL)
+			    .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .build();
+
+        // Define the activation operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_FWD)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_FORWARD_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(xTensor)
+                           .setwDesc(wTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterConvTensor)
+                           .setcDesc(convDesc)
+                           .setAlpha(alpha)
+                           .setBeta(beta)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Bias Node
+        auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(conv_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(bTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterBiasTensor)
+                           .setpwDesc(biasDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+	// create a Mask Node
+	auto mask_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+			   .setxDesc(bias_op.getOutputTensor())
+			   .setbDesc(mTensor)
+			   .setyDesc(afterMaskTensor)
+			   .setpwDesc(maskDesc)
+			   .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, mask_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Activation Node
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(mask_op.getOutputTensor())
+                          .setyDesc(afterReLUTensor)
+                          .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution bias activation
+       std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 4> ops = {&conv_op, &bias_op, &mask_op, &act_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(4, ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, conv_pad, conv_stride, conv_dilation, w_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrW, devPtrB, devPtrM, devPtrY};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'w', 'b', 'm', 'y'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+          .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(5, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(5, uids)
+                   .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_conv_bias_relu(int64_t* x_dim,
+                   int64_t* w_dim,
+                   int64_t* y_dim,
+                   int64_t* conv_pad,
+                   int64_t* conv_stride,
+                   int64_t* conv_dilation,
+                   cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                   at::Half* devPtrX,
+                   at::Half* devPtrW,
+                   at::Half* devPtrB,
+                   at::Half* devPtrY) {
+
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+
+    try {
+        int conv_dim = 2;
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, y_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	// Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto xTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+		 	    .setDim(4, x_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('x')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, xTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(w_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto wTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, w_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('w')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterConvTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('c')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .setVirtual()
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterConvTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto bTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, b_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('b')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterBiasTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('B')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			    .setVirtual()
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterBiasTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto afterReLUTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			    .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			    .setStrides(4, stride)
+			    .setId('y')
+			    .setAlignment(16)
+			    .setDataType(dataType)
+			    .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, afterReLUTensor.describe());
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(conv_dim)
+                            .setStrides(conv_dim, conv_stride)
+                            .setPrePadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setDilation(conv_dim, conv_dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the bias operation
+        auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                            .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_ADD)
+                            .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+        // Define the activation operation
+        auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+                           .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_FWD)
+                           .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+        // Create a convolution Node
+        auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_FORWARD_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(xTensor)
+                           .setwDesc(wTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterConvTensor)
+                           .setcDesc(convDesc)
+                           .setAlpha(alpha)
+                           .setBeta(beta)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create a Bias Node.
+        auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                           .setxDesc(conv_op.getOutputTensor())
+                           .setbDesc(bTensor)
+                           .setyDesc(afterBiasTensor)
+                           .setpwDesc(biasDesc)
+                           .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Activation Node.
+        auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+                          .setxDesc(bias_op.getOutputTensor())
+                          .setyDesc(afterReLUTensor)
+                          .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+                          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 3> ops = {&conv_op, &bias_op, &act_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(3, ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, conv_pad, conv_stride, conv_dilation, w_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrW, devPtrB, devPtrY};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'w', 'b', 'y'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+          .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(4, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(4, uids)
+                   .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_drelu_dbias(int64_t* dy_dim,
+                cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                at::Half* devPtrDY,
+		at::Half* devPtrR,
+		at::Half* devPtrDR,
+                float* devPtrDB) {
+
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+
+    try {
+	int convDim = 2;
+	float alpha = 1.0f;
+	float beta = 0.0f;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, dy_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	// Creates the necessary tensor descriptors
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(dy_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto dyTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+		 	 .setDim(4, dy_dim)
+		 	 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('x')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(dataType)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, dyTensor.describe());
+	
+	generateStrides(dy_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto rTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+		 	 .setDim(4, dy_dim)
+		 	 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('r')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(dataType)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, rTensor.describe());
+	
+	generateStrides(dy_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto inActGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+		 	 .setDim(4, dy_dim)
+		 	 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('R')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(dataType)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, inActGradTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto biasGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, b_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('y')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasGradTensor.describe());
+
+	// Define the activation backward operation
+	auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+	  .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_BWD)
+	  .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+	// Define the bias backward operation
+	auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::ReductionDescBuilder()
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .setReductionOp(CUDNN_REDUCE_TENSOR_ADD)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+	// Create an relu backward Node
+	auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setdyDesc(dyTensor)
+	  .setxDesc(rTensor)
+	  .setdxDesc(inActGradTensor)
+	  .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+	// Create bias node
+	auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_REDUCTION_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setxDesc(inActGradTensor)
+	  .setyDesc(biasGradTensor)
+	  .setreductionDesc(biasDesc)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+	// Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is bias only
+	std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 2> ops = {&act_op, &bias_op};
+
+	auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+	  .setHandle(handle_)
+	  .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+	  .build();
+
+	// Create string encoding for plan caching
+	// creating unique dummy values
+	int64_t pad_dummy[] = {20, 20};
+	int64_t stride_dummy[] = {20, 20};
+	int64_t dilation_dummy[] = {20, 20};
+	auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(dy_dim, pad_dummy, stride_dummy, dilation_dummy, b_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+	auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+	auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+	void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+	auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+	if (workspace_size > 0) {
+	    workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+	}
+	void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrDY, devPtrR, devPtrDR, devPtrDB};
+	int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'r', 'R', 'y'};
+	auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+	  .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+	  .setDataPointers(4, data_ptrs)
+	  .setUids(4, uids)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+	cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+	checkCudnnErr(status);
+	cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+        std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_dconv_drelu_dbias(int64_t* x_dim,
+		      int64_t* w_dim,
+                      int64_t* y_dim,
+		      int64_t* pad,
+		      int64_t* convstride,
+		      int64_t* dilation,
+                      cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+                      at::Half* devPtrX,
+		      at::Half* devPtrW,
+                      at::Half* devPtrR,
+                      at::Half* devPtrRg,
+                      float* devPtrY) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+	int convDim = 2;
+	float alpha = 1.0f;
+	float beta = 0.0f;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, x_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto outConvGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			 .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('x')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(dataType)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, outConvGradTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(w_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto wTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, w_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('w')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(dataType)
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto inConvGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, x_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('A')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			 .setVirtual()
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, inConvGradTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto rTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, x_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('r')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(dataType)
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, rTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto inReLUGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, x_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('R')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(dataType)
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, inReLUGradTensor.describe());
+
+        generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+        auto inBiasGradTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+                         .setDim(4, b_dim)
+                         .setStrides(4, stride)
+                         .setId('y')
+                         .setAlignment(16)
+                         .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                         .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, inBiasGradTensor.describe());
+
+	// Define the convolution problem
+	auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+	  .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+	  .setNDims(convDim)
+	  .setStrides(convDim, convstride)
+	  .setPrePadding(convDim, pad)
+	  .setPostPadding(convDim, pad)
+	  .setDilation(convDim, dilation)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+	// Define the activation backward operation
+	auto actDesc = cudnn_frontend::PointWiseDescBuilder()
+	  .setMode(CUDNN_POINTWISE_RELU_BWD)
+	  .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, actDesc.describe());
+
+	// Define the bias backward operation
+	auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::ReductionDescBuilder()
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .setReductionOp(CUDNN_REDUCE_TENSOR_ADD)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+	// Create a convolution Node
+	auto conv_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setdyDesc(outConvGradTensor)
+	  .setwDesc(wTensor)
+	  .setdxDesc(inConvGradTensor)
+	  .setcDesc(convDesc)
+	  .setAlpha(alpha)
+	  .setBeta(beta)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+	// Create an relu backward Node
+	auto act_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_POINTWISE_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setdyDesc(inConvGradTensor)
+	  .setxDesc(rTensor)
+	  .setdxDesc(inReLUGradTensor)
+	  .setpwDesc(actDesc)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, act_op.describe());
+
+	// Create bias node
+	auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_REDUCTION_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setxDesc(inReLUGradTensor)
+	  .setyDesc(inBiasGradTensor)
+	  .setreductionDesc(biasDesc)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+	// Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is bias only
+	std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 3> ops = {&conv_op, &act_op, &bias_op};
+
+	auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+	  .setHandle(handle_)
+	  .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+	  .build();
+
+	// Create string encoding for plan caching
+	auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, pad, convstride, dilation, w_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+	auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+	auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+	void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+	auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+	if (workspace_size > 0) {
+	    workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+	}
+	void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrW, devPtrR, devPtrRg, devPtrY};
+	int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'w', 'r', 'R', 'y'};
+	auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+	  .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+	  .setDataPointers(5, data_ptrs)
+	  .setUids(5, uids)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+	cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+	checkCudnnErr(status);
+	cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+        std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+void
+run_dconv(int64_t* x_dim,
+          int64_t* w_dim,
+          int64_t* y_dim,
+          int64_t* conv_pad,
+          int64_t* conv_stride,
+          int64_t* conv_dilation,
+          cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+          at::Half* devPtrX,
+          at::Half* devPtrW,
+          at::Half* devPtrY,
+          cudnnBackendDescriptorType_t mode) {
+
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+
+    try {
+        int conv_dim = 2;
+        float alpha  = 1.0f;
+        float beta   = 0.0f;
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto xTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			  .setDim(4, x_dim)
+			  .setStrides(4, stride)
+			  .setId('x')
+			  .setAlignment(16)
+			  .setDataType(dataType)
+			  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, xTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(w_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto wTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			  .setDim(4, w_dim)
+			  .setStrides(4, stride)
+			  .setId('w')
+			  .setAlignment(16)
+			  .setDataType(dataType)
+			  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, wTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(y_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto yTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			  .setDim(4, y_dim)
+			  .setStrides(4, stride)
+			  .setId('y')
+			  .setAlignment(16)
+			  .setDataType(dataType)
+			  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, yTensor.describe());
+
+
+        // Define the convolution problem
+        auto convDesc = cudnn_frontend::ConvDescBuilder()
+                            .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+                            .setMathMode(CUDNN_CROSS_CORRELATION)
+                            .setNDims(conv_dim)
+                            .setStrides(conv_dim, conv_stride)
+                            .setPrePadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setPostPadding(conv_dim, conv_pad)
+                            .setDilation(conv_dim, conv_dilation)
+                            .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, convDesc.describe());
+
+        // Create a convolution node
+        // mode should be one of following
+        // CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR
+        // CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR
+        auto conv_op_builder = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(mode);
+        if (mode == CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR) {
+          conv_op_builder.setdxDesc(xTensor)
+            .setwDesc(wTensor)
+            .setdyDesc(yTensor)
+            .setcDesc(convDesc);
+        }
+        else {
+          conv_op_builder.setxDesc(xTensor)
+            .setdwDesc(wTensor)
+            .setdyDesc(yTensor)
+            .setcDesc(convDesc);
+        }
+        auto conv_op = conv_op_builder
+		         .setAlpha(alpha)
+			 .setBeta(beta)
+			 .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, conv_op.describe());
+
+        // Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is convolution add bias activation
+        std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 1> ops = {&conv_op};
+
+        auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+          .setHandle(handle_)
+          .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+          .build();
+
+        // Create string encoding for plan caching
+        auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, conv_pad, conv_stride, conv_dilation, w_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+        auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+        auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+        void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+        auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+        if (workspace_size > 0) {
+          workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+        }
+        void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrW, devPtrY};
+        int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'w', 'y'};
+        auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+          .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+          .setDataPointers(3, data_ptrs)
+          .setUids(3, uids)
+          .build();
+        DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+        cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+        checkCudnnErr(status);
+        cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+      std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+run_dbias(int64_t* x_dim,
+          cudnnDataType_t dataType,
+          at::Half* devPtrX,
+          float* devPtrY) {
+    cudnnHandle_t handle_ = torch::native::getCudnnHandle();
+    std::stringstream log_buf;
+    try {
+	int convDim = 2;
+	int64_t b_dim[] = {1, x_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+	int64_t stride[4];
+	generateStrides(x_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto xTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			 .setDim(4, x_dim)
+			 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('x')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(dataType)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, xTensor.describe());
+
+	generateStrides(b_dim, stride, 4, CUDNN_TENSOR_NHWC);
+	auto yTensor = cudnn_frontend::TensorBuilder()
+			 .setDim(4, b_dim)
+			 .setStrides(4, stride)
+			 .setId('y')
+			 .setAlignment(16)
+			 .setDataType(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+			 .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, yTensor.describe());
+
+	// Define the bias backward operation
+	auto biasDesc = cudnn_frontend::ReductionDescBuilder()
+          .setMathPrecision(CUDNN_DATA_FLOAT)
+	  .setReductionOp(CUDNN_REDUCE_TENSOR_ADD)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, biasDesc.describe());
+
+	// Create bias node
+	auto bias_op = cudnn_frontend::OperationBuilder(CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_REDUCTION_DESCRIPTOR)
+	  .setxDesc(xTensor)
+	  .setyDesc(yTensor)
+	  .setreductionDesc(biasDesc)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, bias_op.describe());
+
+	// Create an Operation Graph. In this case it is bias only
+	std::array<cudnn_frontend::Operation const*, 1> ops = {&bias_op};
+
+	auto opGraph = cudnn_frontend::OperationGraphBuilder()
+	  .setHandle(handle_)
+	  .setOperationGraph(ops.size(), ops.data())
+	  .build();
+
+	// Create string encoding for plan caching
+	int64_t pad_dummy[] = {10, 10};
+	int64_t stride_dummy[] = {10, 10};
+	int64_t dilation_dummy[] = {10, 10};
+	auto cache_string = getConvFusionString(x_dim, pad_dummy, stride_dummy, dilation_dummy, b_dim, dataType, opGraph.getTag());
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "[convstring] " << cache_string);
+
+	auto& plan = getOrCreatePlan(handle_, log_buf, opGraph, cache_string);
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "Plan tag: " << plan.getTag());
+
+	auto workspace_size = plan.getWorkspaceSize();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, plan.describe() << " requires workspace " << workspace_size);
+
+	void* workspace_ptr = nullptr;
+	auto workspace_tensor = at::empty({(workspace_size+3)/4}, at::TensorOptions(at::kCUDA).dtype(at::kFloat));
+	if (workspace_size > 0) {
+	    workspace_ptr = workspace_tensor.data_ptr<float>();
+	}
+	void* data_ptrs[] = {devPtrX, devPtrY};
+	int64_t uids[]    = {'x', 'y'};
+	auto variantPack  = cudnn_frontend::VariantPackBuilder()
+	  .setWorkspacePointer(workspace_ptr)
+	  .setDataPointers(2, data_ptrs)
+	  .setUids(2, uids)
+	  .build();
+	DEBUG_CUDNN_MSG(log_buf, "variantPack " << variantPack.describe());
+	cudnnStatus_t status = cudnnBackendExecute(handle_, plan.get_raw_desc(), variantPack.get_raw_desc());
+	checkCudnnErr(status);
+	cudnn_frontend::throw_if([status]() { return (status != CUDNN_STATUS_SUCCESS); }, "Plan execute error", status);
+    } catch (cudnn_frontend::cudnnException e) {
+        std::cout << log_buf.str() << "[ERROR] Exception " << e.what() << std::endl;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+std::vector<at::Tensor> conv_bias_mask_relu_forward(std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, int64_t padding, int64_t stride) {
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // create output vector
+  std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs;
+  auto output_format = at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // setup dimensions
+  int64_t x_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t w_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+  int axis[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+    x_dim[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+    w_dim[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
+  int64_t y_dim[]     = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // use these fixed values
+  int64_t conv_pad[]        = {padding, padding};
+  int64_t conv_stride[]     = {stride, stride};
+  int64_t conv_dilation[]   = {1, 1};
+
+  // compute output from pad/stride/dilation
+  y_dim[0] = x_dim[0];
+  y_dim[1] = w_dim[0];
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 2; dim++) {
+    y_dim[dim + 2] = getFwdConvOutputDim(x_dim[dim + 2], conv_pad[dim], w_dim[dim + 2], conv_stride[dim], conv_dilation[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  int8_t* m = inputs[3].data_ptr<int8_t>();
+  auto out = at::empty(y_dim, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* y = out.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  run_conv_bias_mask_relu(x_dim,
+		          w_dim,
+      		          y_dim,
+		          conv_pad,
+		          conv_stride,
+		          conv_dilation,
+		          CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+		          x,
+		          w,
+		          b,
+		          m,
+		          y);
+
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] conv-bias-mask-relu : " << y.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+
+  outputs.push_back(out);
+
+  return outputs;
+}
+
+
+std::vector<at::Tensor> conv_bias_relu_forward(std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, int64_t padding, int64_t stride) {
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // create output vector
+  std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs;
+  auto output_format = at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // setup dimensions
+  int64_t x_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t w_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+  int axis[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+    x_dim[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+    w_dim[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
+  int64_t y_dim[]     = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // use these fixed values
+  int64_t conv_pad[]        = {padding, padding};
+  int64_t conv_stride[]     = {stride, stride};
+  int64_t conv_dilation[]   = {1, 1};
+
+  // compute output from pad/stride/dilation
+  y_dim[0] = x_dim[0];
+  y_dim[1] = w_dim[0];
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 2; dim++) {
+    y_dim[dim + 2] = getFwdConvOutputDim(x_dim[dim + 2], conv_pad[dim], w_dim[dim + 2], conv_stride[dim], conv_dilation[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out = at::empty(y_dim, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* y = out.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  run_conv_bias_relu(x_dim,
+		     w_dim,
+		     y_dim,
+		     conv_pad,
+		     conv_stride,
+		     conv_dilation,
+		     CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+		     x,
+		     w,
+		     b,
+		     y);
+
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] conv-bias-relu : " << y.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+
+  outputs.push_back(out);
+
+  return outputs;
+}
+
+
+std::vector<at::Tensor> conv_bias_relu_backward(std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, int64_t padding, int64_t stride) {
+  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
+    CHECK_INPUT(inputs[i]);
+  }
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // create output vector
+  std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs;
+  auto output_format = at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // setup dimensions
+  int64_t x_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t w_dim[]	 = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t y_dim[]	 = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+  int axis[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+    x_dim[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+    w_dim[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+    y_dim[dim] = inputs[3].size(axis[dim]);
+  }
+  
+  int64_t b_dim[]       = {1, y_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+  int64_t conv_pad[]        = {padding, padding};
+  int64_t conv_stride[]     = {stride, stride};
+  int64_t conv_dilation[]   = {1, 1};
+
+  // run
+  // drelu-dbias
+  at::Half* dy = inputs[3].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* r = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto drelu = at::empty_like(inputs[2]);
+  at::Half* dr = drelu.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto options = at::TensorOptions().dtype(at::kFloat).layout(inputs[0].layout()).device(inputs[0].device()).requires_grad(false);
+  auto bgrad = at::empty(b_dim, options, output_format);
+  float* db = bgrad.data_ptr<float>();
+  run_drelu_dbias(y_dim,
+		  CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+		  dy,
+		  r,
+		  dr,
+		  db);
+
+  // conv wgrad
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto wgrad = at::empty_like(inputs[1]);
+  at::Half* dw = wgrad.data_ptr<at::Half>(); 
+  run_dconv(x_dim,
+	    w_dim,
+	    y_dim,
+	    conv_pad,
+	    conv_stride,
+	    conv_dilation,
+	    CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+	    x,
+	    dw,
+	    dr,
+	    CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
+
+  // conv dgrad
+  at::Half* w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto dgrad = at::empty_like(inputs[0]);
+  at::Half* dx = dgrad.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  run_dconv(x_dim,
+	    w_dim,
+	    y_dim,
+	    conv_pad,
+	    conv_stride,
+	    conv_dilation,
+	    CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+	    dx,
+	    w,
+	    dr,
+	    CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR);
+
+  outputs.push_back(dgrad);
+  outputs.push_back(wgrad);
+  outputs.push_back(bgrad);
+
+  return outputs;
+
+}
+
+std::vector<at::Tensor> conv_bias_forward(std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, int64_t padding, int64_t stride) {
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // create output vector
+  std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs;
+  auto output_format = at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // setup dimensions
+  int64_t x_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t w_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+  int axis[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+    x_dim[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+    w_dim[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // output dim in n,c,h,w used by backend
+  int64_t y_dim[]     = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // use these fixed values
+  int64_t conv_pad[]        = {padding, padding};
+  int64_t conv_stride[]     = {stride, stride};
+  int64_t conv_dilation[]   = {1, 1};
+
+  // compute output from pad/stride/dilation
+  y_dim[0] = x_dim[0];
+  y_dim[1] = w_dim[0];
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 2; dim++) {
+    y_dim[dim + 2] = getFwdConvOutputDim(x_dim[dim + 2], conv_pad[dim], w_dim[dim + 2], conv_stride[dim], conv_dilation[dim]);
+  }
+
+  // run
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  at::Half* b = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto out = at::empty(y_dim, inputs[0].type(), output_format);
+  at::Half* y = out.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+
+  run_conv_bias(x_dim,
+	        w_dim,
+	        y_dim,
+	        conv_pad,
+	        conv_stride,
+	        conv_dilation,
+	        CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+	        x,
+	        w,
+	        b,
+	        y);
+
+  DEBUG_MSG("[DEBUG] conv-bias : " << y.to(at::kFloat).sum().item<float>());
+
+  outputs.push_back(out);
+
+  return outputs;
+}
+
+
+std::vector<at::Tensor> conv_bias_backward(std::vector<at::Tensor> inputs, int64_t padding, int64_t stride) {
+  bool requires_grad = inputs[0].requires_grad();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+    CHECK_INPUT(inputs[i]);
+  }
+
+  std::cout << std::fixed;
+
+  // create output vector
+  std::vector<at::Tensor> outputs;
+  auto output_format = at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast;
+
+  // setup dimensions
+  int64_t x_dim[]        = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t w_dim[]	 = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  int64_t y_dim[]	 = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+  // All dim calculation after this order of n,c,h,w
+  int axis[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+  for (int dim = 0; dim < 4; dim++) {
+    x_dim[dim] = inputs[0].size(axis[dim]);
+    w_dim[dim] = inputs[1].size(axis[dim]);
+    y_dim[dim] = inputs[2].size(axis[dim]);
+  }
+  
+  int64_t b_dim[]       = {1, y_dim[1], 1, 1};
+
+  int64_t conv_pad[]        = {padding, padding};
+  int64_t conv_stride[]     = {stride, stride};
+  int64_t conv_dilation[]   = {1, 1};
+
+  // run
+  // dbias
+  at::Half* dy = inputs[2].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto options = at::TensorOptions().dtype(at::kFloat).layout(inputs[0].layout()).device(inputs[0].device()).requires_grad(false);
+  auto bgrad = at::empty(b_dim, options, output_format);
+  float* db = bgrad.data_ptr<float>();
+  run_dbias(y_dim,
+            CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+            dy,
+            db); 
+  
+  // conv wgrad
+  at::Half* x = inputs[0].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto wgrad = at::empty_like(inputs[1]);
+  at::Half* dw = wgrad.data_ptr<at::Half>(); 
+  run_dconv(x_dim,
+	    w_dim,
+	    y_dim,
+	    conv_pad,
+	    conv_stride,
+	    conv_dilation,
+	    CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+	    x,
+	    dw,
+	    dy,
+	    CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR);
+
+  // conv dgrad
+  at::Half* w = inputs[1].data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  auto dgrad = at::empty_like(inputs[0]);
+  at::Half* dx = dgrad.data_ptr<at::Half>();
+  run_dconv(x_dim,
+	    w_dim,
+	    y_dim,
+	    conv_pad,
+	    conv_stride,
+	    conv_dilation,
+	    CUDNN_DATA_HALF,
+	    dx,
+	    w,
+	    dy,
+	    CUDNN_BACKEND_OPERATION_CONVOLUTION_BACKWARD_DATA_DESCRIPTOR);
+
+  outputs.push_back(dgrad);
+  outputs.push_back(wgrad);
+  outputs.push_back(bgrad);
+
+  return outputs;
+}
+
+PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
+  m.def("forward", &conv_bias_relu_forward, "Fused Conv-Bias-ReLU forward");
+  m.def("backward", &conv_bias_relu_backward, "Fused Conv-Bias-ReLU backward");
+  m.def("forward_no_relu", &conv_bias_forward, "Fused Conv-Bias forward");
+  m.def("backward_no_relu", &conv_bias_backward, "Fused Conv-Bias backward");
+  m.def("forward_mask", &conv_bias_mask_relu_forward, "Fused Conv-Bias-Mask-ReLU forward");
+}
+

cudnn-frontend @ fa611998

-Subproject commit b4e1ad9613b89199982c9baf6ee91f6f98f5606d
+Subproject commit fa611998a360cbabaa2dcc7c9859748144114fc0

apex/contrib/csrc/fmha/fmha_api.cpp

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void set_params(Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params,
     constexpr float scale_softmax = 1.f;
     constexpr float scale_bmm2 = 1.f;
 
-    set_alpha(params.scale_bmm1, scale_bmm1, acc_type);
+    set_alpha(params.scale_bmm1, scale_bmm1, data_type);
     set_alpha(params.scale_softmax, scale_softmax, acc_type);
     set_alpha(params.scale_bmm2, scale_bmm2, data_type);
 
@@ -89,9 +89,15 @@ mha_fwd(const at::Tensor &qkv,  // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \
         const float p_dropout,
         const int max_seq_len,
         const bool is_training,
+        const bool is_nl,
+        const bool zero_tensors,
         c10::optional<at::Generator> gen_) {
+
     auto dprops = at::cuda::getCurrentDeviceProperties();
     TORCH_CHECK(dprops->major == 8 && dprops->minor == 0);
+    auto stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream().stream();
+    Launch_params<Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params> launch_params(dprops, stream, is_training, is_nl);
+
     int seq_len = 512;
     auto launch = &run_fmha_fp16_512_64_sm80;
     if( max_seq_len <= 128 ) {
@@ -110,18 +116,6 @@ mha_fwd(const at::Tensor &qkv,  // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \
         TORCH_CHECK(false);
     }
 
-    constexpr int warps_m = 1;
-    constexpr int warps_n = 4;  // this leads to an upper bound
-    const int mmas_m = seq_len / 16 / warps_m;
-    const int mmas_n = seq_len / 16 / warps_n;
-    
-    const int elts_per_thread = 8 * mmas_m * mmas_n;
-
-    auto stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream().stream();
-
-    TORCH_CHECK(qkv.dtype() == torch::kFloat16);
-    TORCH_CHECK(cu_seqlens.dtype() == torch::kInt32);
-
     TORCH_CHECK(qkv.is_cuda())
     TORCH_CHECK(cu_seqlens.is_cuda())
 
@@ -147,12 +141,16 @@ mha_fwd(const at::Tensor &qkv,  // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \
 
     auto s = torch::empty({ batch_size, num_heads, seq_len, seq_len }, opts);
 
+    if( zero_tensors ) {
+        ctx.zero_();
+        s.zero_();
+    }
+
     auto gen = at::get_generator_or_default<at::CUDAGeneratorImpl>(
         gen_, at::cuda::detail::getDefaultCUDAGenerator());
 
-    Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params params;
 
-    set_params(params,
+    set_params(launch_params.params,
                batch_size,
                seq_len,
                num_heads,
@@ -163,29 +161,32 @@ mha_fwd(const at::Tensor &qkv,  // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \
                s.data_ptr(),
                p_dropout);
 
-    // number of times random will be generated per thread, to offset philox counter in the random
+    launch(launch_params, /*configure=*/ true);
+    // number of times random will be generated per thread, to offset philox counter in thc random
     // state
-    int64_t counter_offset = elts_per_thread;
+    int64_t counter_offset = launch_params.elts_per_thread;
     at::PhiloxCudaState rng_engine_inputs;
 
     if( is_training ) {
         // See Note [Acquire lock when using random generators]
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(gen->mutex_);
-        params.philox_args = gen->philox_cuda_state(counter_offset);
+        launch_params.params.philox_args = gen->philox_cuda_state(counter_offset);
     }
 
-    launch(params, is_training, stream);
+    launch(launch_params, /*configure=*/ false);
 
     return { ctx, s };
 }
 
+
 std::vector<at::Tensor>
 mha_bwd(const at::Tensor &dout,  // total x num_heads, x head_size
         const at::Tensor &qkv,   // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \sum_{i=0}^{b} s_i
         at::Tensor &softmax,     // b x h x s x s softmax and dmask - will be overwritten with dP
         const at::Tensor &cu_seqlens,  // b+1
         const float p_dropout,         // probability to drop
-        const int max_seq_len          // max sequence length to choose the kernel
+        const int max_seq_len,          // max sequence length to choose the kernel
+        const bool zero_tensors
 ) {
     auto dprops = at::cuda::getCurrentDeviceProperties();
     TORCH_CHECK(dprops->major == 8 && dprops->minor == 0);
@@ -235,6 +236,10 @@ mha_bwd(const at::Tensor &dout,  // total x num_heads, x head_size
 
     auto dqkv = torch::empty_like(qkv);
 
+    if( zero_tensors ) {
+        dqkv.zero_();
+    }
+
     Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params params;
 
     set_params(params,
@@ -259,92 +264,13 @@ mha_bwd(const at::Tensor &dout,  // total x num_heads, x head_size
     return { dqkv, softmax };
 }
 
-std::vector<at::Tensor> mha_fwd_nl(const at::Tensor &qkv,         // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \sum_{i=0}^{b} s_i
-                                const at::Tensor &cu_seqlens,  // b+1
-                                const float p_dropout,
-                                const int max_seq_len,
-                                const bool is_training,
-                                c10::optional<at::Generator> gen_) {
-    int seq_len = 512;
-    auto launch = &run_fmha_fp16_512_64_sm80_nl;
-    TORCH_CHECK(max_seq_len == seq_len);
-
-    constexpr int warps_m = 1;
-    constexpr int warps_n = 4;  // this leads to an upper bound
-    const int mmas_m = seq_len / 16 / warps_m;
-    const int mmas_n = seq_len / 16 / warps_n;
-    // static_assert( mmas_m == 32 );
-    // static_assert( mmas_n == 4 );
-    const int elts_per_thread = 8 * mmas_m * mmas_n;
-
-    auto stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream().stream();
-
-    TORCH_CHECK(qkv.is_cuda())
-    TORCH_CHECK(cu_seqlens.is_cuda())
-
-    TORCH_CHECK(qkv.is_contiguous())
-    TORCH_CHECK(cu_seqlens.is_contiguous())
-
-    TORCH_CHECK(cu_seqlens.dim() == 1);
-    TORCH_CHECK(qkv.dim() == 4);
-
-    const auto sizes = qkv.sizes();
-
-    TORCH_CHECK(sizes[THREE_DIM] == 3);
-
-    const int batch_size = cu_seqlens.numel() - 1;
-    const int total = sizes[TOTAL_DIM];
-    const int num_heads = sizes[H_DIM];
-    const int head_size = sizes[D_DIM];
-    TORCH_CHECK(batch_size > 0);
-    TORCH_CHECK(head_size == 64);
-    auto opts = qkv.options();
-
-    auto ctx = torch::empty({ total, num_heads, head_size }, opts);
-
-    auto s = torch::empty({ batch_size, num_heads, seq_len, seq_len }, opts);
-
-    auto gen = at::get_generator_or_default<at::CUDAGeneratorImpl>(gen_, at::cuda::detail::getDefaultCUDAGenerator());
-
-    Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params params;
-
-    set_params(params,
-               batch_size,
-               seq_len,
-               num_heads,
-               head_size,
-               qkv.data_ptr(),
-               cu_seqlens.data_ptr(),
-               ctx.data_ptr(),
-               s.data_ptr(),
-               p_dropout);
-
-    // number of times random will be generated per thread, to offset philox counter in the random
-    // state
-    int64_t counter_offset = elts_per_thread;
-    at::PhiloxCudaState rng_engine_inputs;
-
-    if( is_training ) {
-        // See Note [Acquire lock when using random generators]
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(gen->mutex_);
-        params.philox_args = gen->philox_cuda_state(counter_offset);
-    }
-    int num_chunks = 3;
-    if(batch_size == 3) {
-        num_chunks = 2;
-    }
-
-    launch(params, is_training, num_chunks, stream);
-
-    return { ctx, s };
-}
-
 std::vector<at::Tensor> mha_bwd_nl(const at::Tensor &dout,        // total x num_heads, x head_size
                                 const at::Tensor &qkv,         // total x num_heads x 3 x head_size, total := \sum_{i=0}^{b} s_i
                                 at::Tensor &softmax,           // b x h x s x s softmax and dmask - will be overwritten with dP
                                 const at::Tensor &cu_seqlens,  // b+1
                                 const float p_dropout,         // probability to drop
-                                const int max_seq_len          // max sequence length to choose the kernel
+                                const int max_seq_len,          // max sequence length to choose the kernel
+                                const bool zero_tensors
 ) {
 
     auto stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream().stream();
@@ -378,6 +304,10 @@ std::vector<at::Tensor> mha_bwd_nl(const at::Tensor &dout,        // total x num
 
     auto dqkv = torch::empty_like(qkv);
 
+    if( zero_tensors ) {
+        dqkv.zero_();
+    }
+    
     int num_chunks = 2;
     if( batch_size == 1 ) {
         num_chunks = 4;
@@ -427,6 +357,5 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, m) {
     m.doc() = "Fused Multi-head Self-attention for BERT";  
     m.def("fwd", &mha_fwd, "Forward pass");
     m.def("bwd", &mha_bwd, "Backward pass");
-    m.def("fwd_nl", &mha_fwd_nl, "Forward pass (small-batch)");
     m.def("bwd_nl", &mha_bwd_nl, "Backward pass (small-batch)");
 }

apex/contrib/csrc/fmha/src/fmha.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include <cuda.h>
 #include <vector>
 
-#if !defined(NEW_GENERATOR_PATH)
+#ifdef OLD_GENERATOR_PATH
 #include <ATen/CUDAGeneratorImpl.h>
 #else
 #include <ATen/cuda/CUDAGeneratorImpl.h>
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ constexpr int D_DIM = 3;
 
 struct Qkv_params {
     // The QKV matrices.
-    void *qkv_ptr;
+    void * __restrict__ qkv_ptr;
 
     // The stride between rows of the Q, K and V matrices.
     size_t qkv_stride_in_bytes;
@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@ struct Qkv_params {
 struct Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params : public Qkv_params {
 
     // The dQKV matrices.
-    void *dqkv_ptr;
+    void * __restrict__ dqkv_ptr;
 
     // Temporary for dKV.
-    void *dkv_ptr;
+    void * __restrict__ dkv_ptr;
 
     // The O matrix (output).
-    void *o_ptr;
+    void * __restrict__ o_ptr;
 
     // The stride between rows of O.
     int64_t o_stride_in_bytes;
 
     // The pointer to the S matrix, overwritten by the dP matrix (bwd).
-    void *s_ptr;
+    void * __restrict__ s_ptr;
     // The stride between rows of the S matrix.
     int64_t s_stride_in_bytes;
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ struct Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params : public Qkv_params {
     uint32_t scale_bmm1, scale_softmax, scale_bmm2;
 
     // array of length b+1 holding starting offset of each sequence.
-    int *cu_seqlens;
+    int * __restrict__ cu_seqlens;
 
     // The dropout probability (probability of keeping an activation).
     float p_dropout;
@@ -104,10 +104,43 @@ struct Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params : public Qkv_params {
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-void run_fmha_fp16_128_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, bool is_training, cudaStream_t stream);
-void run_fmha_fp16_256_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, bool is_training, cudaStream_t stream);
-void run_fmha_fp16_384_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, bool is_training, cudaStream_t stream);
-void run_fmha_fp16_512_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, bool is_training, cudaStream_t stream);
+template<typename Kernel_params> 
+struct Launch_params{
+    Launch_params(cudaDeviceProp * props_,
+                  cudaStream_t stream_,
+                  bool is_training_,
+                  bool is_nl_) 
+        : elts_per_thread(0)
+        , props(props_)
+        , stream(stream_)
+        , is_training(is_training_)
+        , is_nl(is_nl_) {
+    }
+
+    size_t elts_per_thread;
+
+    cudaDeviceProp * props;
+
+    cudaStream_t stream;
+
+    bool is_training;
+
+    Kernel_params params;
+    int num_full_heads;
+    int num_main_groups;
+    int heads_last_wave;
+    int main_steps;
+    int rest_steps;
+    bool is_nl;
+
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+void run_fmha_fp16_128_64_sm80(Launch_params<Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params> &launch_params, const bool configure);
+void run_fmha_fp16_256_64_sm80(Launch_params<Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params> &launch_params, const bool configure);
+void run_fmha_fp16_384_64_sm80(Launch_params<Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params> &launch_params, const bool configure);
+void run_fmha_fp16_512_64_sm80(Launch_params<Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params> &launch_params, const bool configure);
 
 void run_fmha_dgrad_fp16_128_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, cudaStream_t stream);
 void run_fmha_dgrad_fp16_256_64_sm80(const Fused_multihead_attention_fprop_params &params, cudaStream_t stream);

apex/contrib/csrc/fmha/src/fmha/gemm.h

@@ -210,9 +210,6 @@ struct Clear_accumulator<float, WARPS_K> {
   }
 };
 
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 template<typename Acc, typename A, typename B, int M, int N>

apex/contrib/csrc/fmha/src/fmha/gmem_tile.h

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ struct Gmem_tile_qkv {
 
     // Ctor.
     template< typename Params, typename BInfo >
-    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_qkv(const Params &params, int qkv_offset, const BInfo &binfo, int tidx)
+    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_qkv(const Params &params, const int qkv_offset, const BInfo &binfo, const int tidx)
         : params_qkv_stride_in_bytes_(params.qkv_stride_in_bytes)
         , actual_seqlen(binfo.actual_seqlen)
         , qkv_ptr_(reinterpret_cast<char *>(params.qkv_ptr)) {
@@ -125,6 +125,11 @@ struct Gmem_tile_qkv {
         actual_seqlen -= ROWS;
     }
 
+    inline __device__ void move(int steps) {
+        qkv_ptr_ += (int64_t)ROWS * params_qkv_stride_in_bytes_ * steps;
+        actual_seqlen -= ROWS * steps;
+    }
+
     // The stride between rows for the QKV matrice.
     int64_t params_qkv_stride_in_bytes_;
     // The pointer.
@@ -224,6 +229,11 @@ struct Gmem_tile_o {
         o_ptr_ += (int64_t)ROWS * params_o_stride_in_bytes_;
     }
 
+    inline __device__ void move(const int steps) {
+        row_ += ROWS * steps;
+        o_ptr_ += (int64_t)ROWS * params_o_stride_in_bytes_ * steps;
+    }
+
     // The stride between rows for the QKV matrice.
     int64_t params_o_stride_in_bytes_;
     // The pointer.
@@ -270,13 +280,9 @@ struct Gmem_tile_mma_sd {
 
     // Ctor.
     template<typename Params>
-    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_mma_sd(void *ptr, const Params &params, const int tidx) 
+    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_mma_sd(void *ptr, const Params &params, const int bidb, const int bidh, const int tidx) 
         : ptr_(static_cast<char *>(ptr)) {
 
-        // The block index for the batch.
-        const int bidb = blockIdx.y;
-        // The block index for the head.
-        const int bidh = blockIdx.x;
         // The block index.
         size_t bidx = bidb * params.h + bidh;
 
@@ -300,6 +306,9 @@ struct Gmem_tile_mma_sd {
     inline __device__ void move() {
         ptr_ += LOOP_STRIDE_BYTES;
     }
+    inline __device__ void move(const int steps) {
+        ptr_ += LOOP_STRIDE_BYTES * steps;
+    }
 
     // The pointer in global memory.
     char *ptr_;
@@ -318,9 +327,9 @@ struct Gmem_tile_mma_s : public Base {
     using Type = typename Base::Type;
 
     // Ctor.
-    template< typename Params >
-    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_mma_s(void *ptr, const Params &params, const int tidx) 
-        : Base(ptr, params, tidx) {
+    template< typename Params, typename Block_info >
+    inline __device__ Gmem_tile_mma_s(const Params &params, const Block_info& binfo, const int tidx) 
+        : Base(params.s_ptr, params, binfo.bidb, binfo.bidh, tidx) {
     }
 
     // Store to global memory.
@@ -353,6 +362,25 @@ struct Gmem_tile_mma_s : public Base {
         }
     }
 
+    // Store to global memory.
+    template<typename Mask, typename Fragment>
+    inline __device__ void store(const Fragment (&frag)[N][M], const Mask& mask){
+        #pragma unroll
+        for( int mi = 0; mi < M; mi++ ) {
+            #pragma unroll
+            for( int ni = 0; ni < N; ni++ ) {
+                uint4 dst;
+                dst.x = frag[ni][mi].reg(0);
+                dst.y = frag[ni][mi].reg(2);
+                dst.z = frag[ni][mi].reg(1);
+                dst.w = frag[ni][mi].reg(3);
+                if( mask.any_valid(mi, ni) ) {
+                    Base::store(dst, mi, ni);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     // Load from global memory.
     template<typename Mask>
     inline __device__ void load(uint4 (&regs)[M][N], const Mask &mask) {
@@ -361,7 +389,7 @@ struct Gmem_tile_mma_s : public Base {
             #pragma unroll
             for( int ni = 0; ni < N; ni++ ) {
                 regs[mi][ni] = make_uint4(0, 0, 0, 0);
-                if( mask.is_valid(mi, ni, 0, 0) ) {
+                if( mask.any_valid(mi, ni) ) {
                     Base::load(regs[mi][ni], mi, ni);
                 }
             }

apex/contrib/csrc/fmha/src/fmha/kernel_traits.h

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-template<int S, int D, int STEP, int WARPS_M, int WARPS_N, uint32_t FLAGS = 0x8u>
+template<int S, int D, int STEP, int WARPS_M, int WARPS_N, uint32_t FLAGS = 0x08u>
 struct FMHA_kernel_traits {
 
     // The CTA description for the 1st GEMM.
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ struct FMHA_kernel_traits {
     using Cta_tile_o = fmha::Cta_tile_extd<STEP, D, S, WARPS_M, 1, WARPS_N>;
 
     // Do we use one buffer for K and V.
-    enum { SHARE_SMEM_FOR_K_AND_V = (FLAGS & 0x8u) != 0u };
+    enum { SHARE_SMEM_FOR_K_AND_V = (FLAGS & 0x08u) != 0u };
+    // Do we keep K in registers.
+    enum { K_IN_REGS = (FLAGS & 0x10u) == 0u };
 
     // The global memory tile to load Q.
     using Gmem_tile_q = fmha::Gmem_tile_qkv<Cta_tile_p, fmha::BITS_PER_ELEMENT_A, STEP, D>;